Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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MINING AND PRUNII WILL BRINGP Grape is One of Hardiest and Develop Well Without Pro] to T^ain Vines to S< Unquestionably, tiio grape is one of the surest fruits that caJi be grown In South Carolina. Practically all the standard varieties will succeed. Nor is the fruit often injured by late frost. In general, it is safe to say that when vines are properly cared for there is i almost a certainty or a crop every i year. ' But although the grape will produce some fruit under almost any I treatment, yet results that are really 1 worth having cannot be obtained without proper care of the vines. The old practloe of planting a vine Just anywhere and letting it grow at will is entirely wrong. Under such conditions, i vines become thick and fall on the ground, there is a tendency to over- i production of fruit, to small hunchee. j and inferior berries, and at about the i time the grapes begin to color up. they begin to rot. As a result, when the fruit should he ready for use. one-half or two thirds of it is worthl cssd Resides. vines handled thus are weak and last only a few seasons. Perhaps the worst mistake in grape " culture la (allure to prune properly. It is very Important that the vines he trained to some definite form. The easlewt method of training the ?~.ap? # is as follows: First year: Plant one-year-old vines. As soon as they have been put out. cut them back to three buds. as shown at (a) in illustration. Should ail three of these grow, rub one off. leaving the strongest two to grow and form the frhme of the vine. During the first season's growth the young shoots should be tied to a stake, as shown at (fa) in illustration. This is to produce healthy canos. Should they be allowed to run on the ground, they will be weak and more liable to injury. Seaond-year: A trellis-must now he prepared. Set posts 20 feet apart along each row of grapes. This will fcive apace for two vines between each two posia. The posts, when set, should ?how four and one-half feet above the ground. The end posts should be se-t at least three feet in the ground and well braced to prevent giving when Hie vines are stretched. The other posts Hiioul'i Iw set at least two foot jeep. To the posts are nnilsd two wires ou which to train the vines. The lower wire is two feet above ground a ml the upper wire two feet above the lower. These preparations made, the young canes should he taken ofT the stakes, one cut off at tlie height of the lirat wire and tied, and the other al- ) lowed to extend to the top wire, as ! shown at tc). WHY CROSS BREEDIN Farmers sometimes get the mistak-l en Idea that cross-breeding will iin- 1 prove their stock. On the contrary, cross breeding has many disadvantages and farmers are strongly advised not to attempt it. It has at times ! been used with success In the hands of breeders of long experience, hut for the inexperienced breeder it la a . ' most dangerous practice. Cross breeding Is the mating of two purebred animals of different breeds; for example, a purebred Hereford bull with a purebred Angus cow. or a ptfrobred Berkshire boar with a purebred Duroc-Jersey sow. It should be clearly distinguished front grading, which means the mating of a purebred with a scrub or an animal of very little pure blood, and which can he done with perfect snfety and Is urged upon farmers. One of the principles upon which livestock breeding Ib based is that like tends .to heRet like. When two jurohreds of the same breed ere mated, we expect the offsprlnR to be like Its purents. because thero is, be- ; bind each parent, a Ions line of pure blood. NVben two purebred* of different breeds are mated (crossbreeding. there at once takes place a battle of breeds and the offsprlnR will bo like that parent whose blood Is stronRest. When, therefore, two old breeds, as Tatuworth and Berkshire, or Jersey and liolsteln, are mated, there Is a bitter conflict between bloods and Influences that have required centuries to reach their present state. I ^ In cross breedinR the first cross Is sometimes Rood, hut after that such breedinR Is very uncertain, because mo ii#iurB 01 me onsprinx will de-1 pond upon whichever of its bloods gets the mastery. Moreover, there is a danger that sometimes the good blood in each parent will balance that in the other, which will cause an outcropping of some bad characters that tiad tven held in check ever since the breeds began. Because of this uncertainty of remits. a crossbred sire should never be Jued nor any crossbred females kept for breeding, except where a pnrebrod is at the head of the herd. Be- ! - use breeders understand thds. a i crossbred can never bring more on < :be market than it Is worth for meat i >r wort, and the farmer who breeds I tuch animal* loses hi* chance of sell- ; I hi hla beat product at purebred' 1 Ml THE GRAPE ROFITABLE RESULTS Surest Fruits, But Will Not Mr Care?Very Important jnne Definite Form. I ~i?r~1fr 5* JZEZL Pruning the grape. (a) Young vine transplanted and headed back to three buds, (b) First year's growth, two canes allowed to grow. (c) First season's pruning, (d) Second and all subsequent seasons' pruning Third year: Numerous canes will be thrown out from the two that were left the preceding season. The pruning necessary this year will consist of removing all canes except four, one going each way from an old vine on both wires. These "four canes are commonly called "arms." They form tho frame on which the fruiting canes will-< be produced. After this year the pruning will consist of renewing the four "arms" each year when suitable canea of the preceding season's growth can be found to take their places. If thia cannot bo done, all the canes should be cut hack to two or three buds. Tlieae buds will throw out shoots the next season on which the fruit will be borne. It is always best to renew the anus each year if possible. When thia method is followed, each vine will pro duce from 75 to 100 bunches of grapes each year, which Is enough. The vines are also kept thinned out, so that the sun can strike all portions ,-vivd that spraying can be done successfully. For further information on the grape, farmers should write to Sidney S. Rittenberg, 4'lemson College, and ask for Bulletin No. 15, "Fruit Culture for South Carolina." C. F. NIVBN. Assistant in Horticulture, Clenison Agricultural College. G IS NOT ADVISABLE prices. If for no other reason than ibis, a farmer should hestiate to cross breed. Keep in mind clearly the difference between tho purebred and the crossbred. The purebred is the offspring of two purebred parents of the same breed. The crossbred is the offspring of two purebred parents of different breeds. A crossbred can never be registered, even if each of its parents was a breed champion. If crosR breeding Is inadvisable, however, grading is advisable and is recognized as the quickest economical way of building up a herd. (Irariirnr i? the mating of a purebred with a scrub or with a grade. Generally the purebred used is the sire and the scrub or grade Is the dam. Grading is perfectly safe because all the power is on one side and the results can be predicted. A purebred Angus bull mated with scrub cows will produce calves of which more than eighty per cent are pure black and hornless, such is the power of pure blood over mixed j blood. There is no better way for the young breeder to begin than with a grade herd and a purebred sire. In a few years he can make his herd as profitable as purebrcds and will have learned how to take care of a purebred. Rut let him avoid cross breeding. J. li BTTRGES8, Associate Professor of Dairying. Clemson Agricultural College. 1 Last year the extension division of Clemson College put forth its greatest efTorts In a campaign for incrcas- : lug the acreage of wheat and oata. 1 his year it is again urging the sow- I in* of ?hfR< and oata. but has added livestock to Ita propaganda. "Take the second step?livestock." Manure is subject to heavy losses from several sources. For instance, many farmers lose practically all thoir liquid tnauure, yet this contains more valuable plant food than the solid. There are a number of ways to save stable manure and every farmer should evert himself to get the most possible out of his manure. The most serious limiting factor in ^Kmthern agriculture Is lark of humus In the soil. The PAsiAst and most conomtcal way to get humus in the ^ toll, is by growing and turning winter egairw* This ml*o enables a farmer < :o get nitrogen from the air and cvt i kit fertiliser hUU. CALOMEL DYNAME MAKES YOU SIC ^Dodson s Liver Tone" Starts Your Liver Better Than Calomel and You Don't Lose a Day's Work Liven np votir slavish liver! Keel fine and cheerful; make your work a pleasure; l>e vigorous and full of amhiiion. Hut take no misty, dangerous cnlomel because it makes you sick and you may lose a day's work. Caloin<4 is mercury or quicksilver which causes necrosis of tlie bones, Pnlo.....l ..rn.Uu, = l.:l_ 1 :t_ , utrfiir^i i ill (f PUUI (fill' III\V dynamite, breaking it lip. That's when you fool that awful nausea and cramping. Listen to mo! If you want to enjoy the nicest, gentlest liver* and liowol clean sin)? vou ever ex|<erienced just, take a spoonful) of harmless Dodson'a Liver < *== I 9 t i Great l\ C w 1 1 1 beriais 1 j The year 1916 Iwill be crowded with the very best reading in Thelitis1 Q Tlvnaf koelolc f v v*i vut k/vnaio L_ CUT THIS OUT and send it (or the name of this naper) with $2.00 for The COMPANION (or 1916, and we wilt send FRFF All the issue* of THE COM^ PANION for tho renuiaing weak* of IVES. FRFF the companion home r IVLL CALENDAR for 1916. TUCM The 52 Woekly Urucs of 1 ntn THECOMPANION Ur MIS. /_ SUBSCRIPTIONS RECEI U. S. Battleship ' BIG DOING CI DECEMBER 13t The Southern Commercial Congress will he held at Charleston December 13th to 17tb, 1915. This is an Association of prominent business men from all over the South and meetings are held each year for the purpose of discussing business welfare, both of t he manufacturer and of the farmer. Last year the Congress was held at Oklahoma City and the year before at Mobile. This year the meeting is to be held at Charleston and very many men of prominent business, s- rial and public life have alrerd.? accepted invitations to be present. At & Myers Cigarettes || g etock of their preLome and see them, WBBHWcB % res YOUR LIVER! :K AND SALIVATES Tono tonight. Vonr druggist. or dealer sella you it- 50 cent l?ottle of Dodson's Liver Tone under my ]>ers<toal moneyback guarantee that each aj>oonful will clean your sluggish liver Iwtter than a dose of nasty calomel and that it won't tnnkc you sick. I Dodson'.- T.iver Tone is real liver medicine. You'll know it next morning licrausc you will wake up feeling fine, your liver will Ik* working; headache . and dizziness gone; stomach will lx? I sweet ivikI bowels regular. Godson's Liver Tone is entirely voge: table, therefore harmless ami enn not salivate. Give it to your children. Millions of people are using Godson's < Liver Tone instead of dangerous calomel ! now. Your druggist will tell you that the sale of Calomel is almost stopped ' entirely here. Companion 250 Short Stories j (, Rare Articles, Nature and Science. (' Lxcpptiooal Lditorial Page, Family Page, Boys" Page. Girls' Page, Chil- \ > drcn's Page. All ages liberally d provided for. i wice as much as any magazine S gives in a year. Fifty-two times ) a year?not twelve- < Send to-day to The Youth's Com- \ panton, Boston. Mass., for (i THREE CURRENT ISSUES-FREE. - j> [VED AT THIS OFFICE | I t L "South Carolina." S AT 1ARLEST01N h TO 17th, 1 1115. least four members of the Cabinet of the President of the United States will be present at the meeting. A squadron of the Atlantic Fleet, Torpedo Boats, Submarines and Torpedo Boat Destroyers, as well as Dreadnaughts, will be in the Charleston harbor for inspection of the public, December 14th and 15th, and visitors at this time will also have the pleasure of seeing a magnificent carnival. | Southern Railway is arranging : special fare tickets and excursion J trains. N m i ai ??i . 3BI" 1 LIFE INSL Look at Th Under present ule the net second are as follows FOR $1,000.00 U ?AGE=j 21 years m 23 ... 25 44 28 44 ... 30 44 M 35 - QJ 40 44 45 44 50 44 60 44 We will be plad to quote y shown above. These are Old Line rates America- The Union Central J Your life is insured from t T] delivered to you. These policies may be convt surance written by the Coi without medical examination. No cost to you for medical =| else, except the premium. j Bailes & L ItL-ii ?ti ~i Bl 1 VERY LOW RAT Panama Pacifi SAN FRANCISCO, Opened February 20th, Clos Panama-Califo SAN DIEGO. Cj Opened January 1st," 1915, CI VIA Southern Premier Carrier Tickets on sale daily and limi Good Roing via one route and r Stop-overs allowed. Fran Reand-Trip Farts Columbia, S. C $82.45 Charleston, S. C. .. 85.15 Orangeburg, S. C 82.15 Sumter, S. C 84.15 Camden, ?5. C. 84.14 Aiken, S. C 79.15 Chester, S. C 82.90 Rock Hill, S. C.-.- 82.90 Spartanburg, S. C 81.50 Greenville, S. C - 80.00 Green'V <od, S. C. 79.20 Newt ry, S, C. 81.10 P portionately low rates from oth tr?, rates to Seattle, Wash.; Portlam rr i;iy other western points. Pull information regarding thy var f viednles, etc., gladly furnished. A1 quest. Let us help you plan your t Why pay tourist agencies, when ou S. H. McLEAN, Division Pas W. H. Tayloe, P. T. M., H. F. Cary, i Washington, D,C. WashingU BUILD 1171 ! -1 * wniie the bui and the savii If you contemplate the erectio barn, or outhouse, or the remod present buildings, DO IT NOW. if you act at once, for you can < now than you can possibly do it 30 or 60 days, we verily believe 1 have passed. Labor will becori Building Material market is alrei know say that prices will be baci We will supply you at close figur nish you estimates on what your Take advantage of conditions j Build 1 Fort Mill L Phone =i r=ir== ii i|? FRANCE iese Rates 1 i dividend schedi-year premiums FE INSURANCE. 5-Year 10-Year 20-Year Term Term Term . $ 8.07 $ 8.22 $ 8.63 L 8.22 8.40 8.89 f 8 39 8.60 9.17 8.67 8.84 9.70 8.82 9.21 10.15 9.60 10.10; 11.76 yj 10.87 11.54 14.50 111 12.46 15.11 19.10 f 15.79 18.66 26.52 31.22 38.64 ou rate at any age not in the best company in Life of Cincinnati. he minute your policy is L J E ?rted into any form of innpany within five years examination or anything 1 District Agents lllK, Fort Hill, S. C. E3E3 1 IE li=J] ES ACCOUNT c Exposition,, CALIFORNIA. e? December 4th, 1915' rnia Expos'n ^LIFORNIA. oses December 31st .1915. ? Railway, ? of the South. ^ ted 90 days for returning, eturning via another. Ore way fie i'btflamt, Or.fjn $104.24 106.85 .. 104.70 105.55 V.. 105.05 - ... ... 102.45 102.82 102.82 101.00 101.00 101.00 102.81 er points. Also very low round1, Ore.; Vancouver. B. C , and i< us routes, points of interest, Ifo descriptive literature upon Tip. m ir services are free? Address f. Apt., Columbia. S. C. m G.F.A., W.E. McGce, A.G.I' A >n,D.C. Columbia, S. C. NOW lding's good . "|Of 1C fTK*?tO f 5 4U 5* vwu n of a new home, tenement, eling or repairing of your You will be the winner , do the work cheaper right a little later. If you wait the golden opportunity will ne higher, the Lumber aRd ady firmer, and people who k to normal in a short while, es and will cheerfully furwork will retire. inrl Now. i umber Co. 72.