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for\t mill times.
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15TH YEAR. FORT MILL, S. C., THURSDAY, JANUARY 3,1907. NO. 40.
WILLIAMSON'S PLAN
For Growing Corn Economically
and Profitably
RETARDING IDEA WORTH TRIAL
A Searching Review of the Essential
Features of t)ii> Mcthnd OrivinstpH
by Mr. Williamson?After a Careful
Personal Examination the
Clemson Expert Reports That
Wherever Tried it Has Been Pound
Superior?Farmers Urged to Experiment
with it Next Year.
Clemson College, S. C.. Special.?
Prof. C. L. N ewir.an. who recently I
visited Darlington county and the
Pce-Dee section for the purpose of investigating
the plan of growing corn
originated by Mr. Mclver Williamson,
an account of his visit having
been printed in The News and Courier
at the time, has completed his report
on the subject. The correspondent
of The News ami Courier lias
been permitted to copy the report,
which will have great interest for
planters in all parts of the State (as
well as adjoining States). In part
i? i>
The peculiar or essential William- I
on plan features are:
1. Deep and thorough preparation '
of seed bed. The soil is not only j
broken to fully twice the depth to
which it is usually broken, hut is
broken much more thoroughly than
is the custom.
2. Deep planting of the seed. Tho
seed are placed four to six inches bolow
the soil level and almost or quite
in contact with the subsoil, but covered
to the usual depth. This aids in
"stunting" or retarding the growth
of the young corn and of grasses and
weeds as well, since very nearly all
the soil proper has been ploughed
awnv from the corn row and into the
middles, and no fertilizer has been
applied.
3. Infrequent and partial cultivation
in early stages of growth. This
is contrary to popular belief and
practice and Mr. Williamson styles
it "the most difficult point in the
whole process," requiring experience
and judgment "to know just how
much the stalk should be stunted, and
plenty of nerve is required to hold
back your corn when your neighbors,
who fertilize at planting time and
cultivate rapidly, have corn twice the
size of yours."
4. An increase of 200 per cent or
more in the number of stalks per
a ere. With rows 0x1 feet the Williamson
plan has a little more than
7,300 stalks per acre Hgninst a little
more than 2,1)00 if planting is done
5x3 feet, in accordance with the ordinary
practice. Theoretically, this
would give 73 and 29 bushels per
acre, respectively, and it seems, from
evidence at hand, that it is borne out
in practice, assuming that each stalk
will produce an ear, and one hundred
ears will shell a bushel of grain.
5. Postponing application of fertilizers
until corn is given its second
cultivation. In ordinary practice this
would be about the time corn should
be worked the third time. The stalk
has been cheeked or "stunted" as de.
sired, and the fertilizer is applied
--wbci: the plant needs it for the development
of t-lje ear.
6. Intentic^d retardation of early
growth of the until its size is
reduced one-half^^^nne-fourth its
normal development.
7. Augmented develotm^^^if the
ear (following rctardation^^B^^k
development.) by cnltivntini^^^^^l
heavy aplieations of fertilizers m^^H
at appropriaite intervals. ^
Since the Williamson plan corn is
planted 4 to f? inches below the level,
and is laid by 4 to (? inches nhovc the
level, there is 8 to 12 inches of the
stalk below the soil surface. The 1
talk roots or brace roots are below
the surface when the crop is laid by,
and probably perform their nntriivo
functions better than would be of
a part of them were exposed to the
sir.
Amounts of Fertilizer.
ir. ir:n: J? *
jur. iiu;?hiM>n rucuuiuieiius use
following amounts of fertilizers applied
to an acre:
For 50 bushels of corn per acre:
Two hundred pounds of cotton seed
meal, 200 pounds of acid phosphate,
400 pounds of acid phosphate, 400
pounds of kainit. 125 pounds of nitrate
soda, 925 pounds, costing about
$9.
For 100 bushels of corn per acre:
400 pounds of cotton seed meal, 400
pounds of acid phosphate, 300 pounds
of kainit, 500 pounds of nitrate of
6oda, 1,900 pounds, costing about $19.
The total cost of fertilizers, cultivation,
etc.. for producing 50 bushels
on one acre would vary from $15 to
$20, and for producing 100 bushels
on one acre from $25 to $30. These
valuations are based on the market
price of the fertilizers (assuming ths
\
acid phosphate to be 14 per cent
poods) and the average price of labor.
The cost of labor varies in different
parts of the State and even on adjacent
farms.
If the cow pea crop prown with the
corn produces one ton of hay, this
crop, if left on and in the ground,
would add to it about $12 worth of
nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash.
If the eow pea crop would produce
two tons of hay, this crop left on and
in the ground would odd $24 worth of
*i. I u?...
iucoc iti unu'i iii^icuiciua.
ever, the value of the cow pea for
feeding purposes is double its value
for fertilizing purposes. If judiciously
fed to animals this h%v will have
a feeding value of about $24 per ton.
and if all the excreta is saved and
returned to the soil between SO and
90 per cent ($10.20 per to.j) of the
fertilizing value of the cow pea hay
will be pi veil back to the land. An
ordinary crop of cow peas may be
made to pay the cost of cultivating
the corn, or probably the cost of the
fertilizer. A good crop should pay
for both.
Compared With Other Yields.
Considerable effort has been made
to gather as much comparative data
as possible so as to have Williamson
plan corn yields that might justly be
compared with yields from the ordinary
method. It is highly desirable
that as far as possible, and without
prejudicing cither, the two crops for
comparison he grown on the same
character of land and planted at the
same time, and that the treatment
and surroundings of each differ in no
way except as to the peculiar or cs
sential features of difference existing
between the two plans or methods
Reports of some three dozen fanners
who have this year given the Williamston
plan a test have been
brought to the notice of the writer.
Sonic of these were not considered
definite enough for consideration, but
twenty-eight reported either a comparison
of yields from crops grown |
this year by both plans or gave yields |
secured from the ordinary plan in the
past on the same land. The two lowest
yields reported from the ordinary
methods were seven and ten bushels
per aero. The two highest yields reported
from the same method were
forty-live and fifty bushels per acre.
The two lowest yields reported from
the Williamson plan were twentyseven
and thirty bushels per acre.
The two highest vilds reported from
the same plan were one hundred bushels
per acre. The yield from twentyeight
reporting both tlie ordinary and
the Williamson plan compared gives
an average of '23.25 bushels per acre
for the former and 56.42 bushels per
acre for the latter. These twentyeight
show a remarkable average dif
fen-nee of 35.17 more bushels per
acre in favor of the Williamson plan,
an increase of .142 per cent.
It cannot, however, in justice to
either method, be said that these comj
parisons indicate the actual difference
between the Williamson plan
I and the ordinary method. Many of
the reports give the number of bushels
per acre in round numbers, indicating
that the yields were estimated
rather than actually determined. In
a number of eases the yield in 1906
from the Williamson plan was com- H
pared with the yield secured from the I
s^.ino land when it was last in corn,
, Mi|
v. H
il
ofl
I
ltH^^^^Bi^H|
5
39 DIEJ A WRECK
frightful Collision Occurs Near
Washington City
APPALLING DISASTER ON B. & 0.
Accident Caused by Collision of 1
Train No. 66 With Dead Head Tin- I
uipment Passenger Special of Eight
Oars Three Miles From Washington.
Washington, Special?An appalling
disaster occurred Sunday night at 7
o'clock on the Baltimore & Ohio Hailroad
at Terra Cott-a, about three
miles from this city, in which about
38 persons were killed uud over GO
injured, some of tlieui bo seriously
that they will die. Tho accident was
caused by the collision of train No.
GG, due here at G:15 p. m., from Fredericksburg.
Md., known as the Frederick
special, with a dead-head pnssen
ger equipment special of eight cars.
Over 200 passengers were aboard the
ill-fatod train. The railway ollieials
were unable to assign any cause for
the coliission. As soon as the news
of the wreck reached this city all ambulances
available with as many physicians
as could be nsscmbeld, were
sent to the scene.
Of the injured seven were taken
to Frecdrraii's "Hospital. 15 -to the
United States Soldiers' Hospital, and
20 have been brought into the city
on a special train to be carried to
various hospitals. Among tho injured
was District Attorney Baker, of
this eitv, who, despite his inpuries,
walked almost two milo.s to lirookland
ami brought the first news of
the wreck. He was completely cxhauseted,
and after medical treatment
was sent to the city.
Waiting Pas3cngcra Killed.
One of the worst features of the
catastrophe was enacted at the station
of Terra Cota. Here a number
of passengers were waiting to take
the train into the city when the collision
occurred. Of the large number
only two escaped; the remainder
were either killed by -being thrown
under the rtain or injured by flying
pieces of wreckage.
Partial List of Dead.
Following is a partiu! list of the
'dead:
Mary Lippold, 30 years old. Employe
of bureau of engraving and
printing, this city.
George Higbie, 8 years old, Brookland,
T). C.
Unidentified Negro, 35 years old.
Unidentified White Bov, 12 years
old.
Elizabeth Pearmnn, Takoma Park.
T. A. KoIIvy Kingston, Md.
Dr. E. Gjmher Hnrric, Washington
Miss Koll, (a Y. M. C. A. card was
found in her pocket.)
White Girl, 13 years old, unidentified,
NO AID FOR GAMBLED
Money Placed in Banks by Treasury
is for the Relief of Business OnlySecretary
Replies at Length to Let
ter From Nashville, Tenn., Mai
Who Insists That Relief Has Beer
Given Gamblers and Money Sharks,
"the Real Cause of High Money ir
New York," and Inquiries How
Long Will the Practico Continue.
Washington, Special.?In a lettci
to a correspondent residing in Nnsli
ville, Term., Secretary Shaw repudiates
the suggestion tliat the United
States Treasury ever has come to the
relief of stock gamblers. The correspondent
in question, whose name
is withheld, insists that such relict
has been given gamblers and money
sharks, "the real cause of high money
in New York," and inquiry how
long will the practice coutinue.
To which the Secretary made the
following reply:
"Your letter of December 23d is
received, and I note your sentiments
with respect to stock gamblers. Your
letter is so courteous and voices so
accurately the view of many well informed
people that I am constrained
to anwer it somewhat at length.
"You seem to proceed upon the
theory that the existing monetary
stringency is caused solely by stock
gambling. In this you are in error.
Some people gamble in stocks, some
in cotton, others in wheat, com. pork,
or lard, and some in land. When
times are good people will speculate
in anything and everything that possesses
a market value. The proportion
of speculation as compared with
necessary and legitimate business i.very
small, however, and is probably
no larger in New York City thai: in
Nashville, Terni., where you reside,
or in Dcnison, Iowa, where i live.
The best estimates I can get place
the amount of speculative transactions
in New York City at from 2 l-'J
to o per cent of the aggregate.
"The Treasury lias never come to
the relief of stock gamblers ami probably
never will, though the relief,
which the Treasury grants frequently
aids those who gamble on the bull
side of the stock market, and the hull
side of the wheat, the cotton market,
the corn market and every other market,
but it is equally harmful to those
who gamble on the bear side of these
respective markets. Both hulls and
hears importune the Secretary of the
Treasury, hut the nature of the advice
usually idicates the side of the
market on which they are operating.
Naturally these communications have
110 influence whatever. The real business
situation is the sole consideration.
"During the dull season of 100C
the Secretary* of the Treasury withdrew
millions of the people's money
and locked it up. This would have
been a crime if he were not willing
to release it now when it is needed.
By appropriate use of the money in
the vaults of the Treasury I have
facilitated the importation of a hundred
millions of gold within the last
nine months, and have released, or
arranged for the release of fifty millions
more. This was done, as 1 say,
for the purpose of aiding legitimate
business, though it has helped the
bull side of the mnrket as much as
it has damaged the bear side. 1 enre
as little for either .of these considerations
as do you, but I am intensely
interested in the appropriate business
interests of the country.
"It is for the relief of business
that the Treasury has returned to the
channels of trade the money which
it wtihdrew when the people had no
uso for it except for purposes of speculation.
It was then wanted for
speculation and I withdew it. It is
now needed for business and I restore
it. The last $10,000,000 deposit went
almost exclusively to the cotton produceing
state,, and the exceptions
went to cotton buying cities."
Killed By Daughter's Escort.
Montioelio, Oa., Special. ? .James
Polk, aged 00 years, was shot and
killed by Ci;b Waldrop, a young man
who had escorted two of Polk's
daughters to an entertainment, returning
with them about 2 a. m. Polk
berated the young man for coming
home so late, and in the quarrel that
followed, Polk was killed.
Triple Tragedy Enacted.
Danville, Va., Special.?Joe Patrillo,
an Italian laborer, Maggie Sullivan,
an American woman, and Lawrence
Sullivan, the 12-year-old son of
Maggie Sullivan, were shot to deat
at a camp of railway employes about
a mile from Motley's station, which
is about 30 miles from Danville. The
muredrs arc the result of a bitter
ieud. Fred Ammoto, an Italian, who
has charge ot the commissary at the
camp, uud his son, Allic Aammoto,
have Imen arrested on tl?? charge of
the killings.
lute Uirl, IS years old, unidentified.
Negro Baby, unidentified.
White Bahv. unidentified.
Norman Rogers, white, Marion,
|diana.
HtMrs. J. McCnghley.
^Bl 1-year-old Son of Mi's. MeCaugli^ Fdwnrd
M. Belt, white, 14 years
address unknown.
^H'oininodorc P. Brown, 00 years of
^ e. address unknown.
King, organist Wesley Chapel
^ nsington, Md.
ITwo Negro Women, unidentified.
White Women, about .1" years
unidentified.
^^White Woman, 25 years old, unratified.
White Woman, years old, un^vntified.
^BWhite Child, unidentified.
H News Items.
B'ms. Gould was adjudged jointly
^W>le for a jewelry bill of $57,000.
^ William Faversham violently at^B'kcd
a waiter in a New York hotel
^fto had thrown a plate at the actor's
If.
The Postal Commission will unre
npress to authorize a searching instigation
of the PostolTice Depart- !
iut.
Tillman on the President.
Birmingham, Ala., Special. ?
Roosevelt does not know anything
out the nejrro and every time he
uches him lie makeo a mess of it.
e had no business dipeharfrinjr the
ifrro troops at Brownsville before
akin? a carfeul investijration. 1
ubt very much whether or not he
vested with the authority to take
eh matters in his own hands anyly."
Thus spoke Senator Benjan
R. Tillman after his arrival
Dm Dothsn, Ala. {
PALMETTO AFFAIRS
Occurrences of Interest From
All Over South Carolina
MANY ITEMS OF STATE NEWS
A. Batch of Live Paragraphs Covering
a Wide Range?What is Going
Oa in Ow State.
Tiney C ha vis Silled.
Springfield, Special. ? Wedn^'ay
morning about 10 o'clock Tiney Chavis,
a white man, went to the house
of Stephen Clemens, a negro tenant
on the place of Ilenrv Cooper, about
four miles from Springfield, and asked
him for a small sum of money due
liim by the negro. Clemens told him
he did not have the money, and Chevis,
it is alleged, began cursing him.
Clemens shoved Chavis out of the
door and picked up his gun, and followed
him out into the yard and shot
him dead.. Chavis was not armed.
The negro was captured about the
house of Mr. Cooper, and alter much
difficulty gotten to Springfield and
delivered to Magistrate A. H. Corbett
who sent him over to Barnwell to
prevent the friends of Chavis lynch
ms mm. considerable excitement
was manifested at the inquest, und it
was at times as much as the magistrate
could do to keep the friends of
Chavis from taking the law in their
own hunds.
Cotton Meeting is of Interest.
South Carolina will be well represented
at the meeting of the Southern
Cotton Association in Birmingham,
Ala., on January IS. Among those
who will attend are Gov. Heyward,
President E. D. Smith, Messrs. F. II.
Hyatt, the treasurer of the South
Carolina division, and F. H. Weston,
the secretary. The fact that there is
a fight on hand to change the location
of the headquarters from Atlanta
to some other city makes it probable
that Columbia will be a factor in the
- 3 it.. ;-n ii..
|avri:cuuiii^d uuu IIJU lllilUt'llCt' IIIO
delegates from this State will exert
drives s(jrae ground for believing that
Columbia may be selected. At the
meeting President Harvie Jordan, as
nnnounced some time ago, will tend
"in his resignation as president and
the delegation from this State hope
to have either Messrs. E. D. Smith or
F. H. Hyatt elected to that jK>sition.
Both have done a great deal of work
and are recognized as leading spirits
in the organization.
Shooting Affray in Laurens.
Laurns, Special?A negro from the
country by the name of "Happy
Sam" was lodged in jail charged with
shooting two other negroes Monday
night. The shooting took place at
n negro frolic near Watts mills, just
beyond the city limits. "Happy
Sam" 6cems to have opened up hostilities
by firing iuto John Peterson,
inflicting a wound in the side that is
regarded ns fatal. At this juncture
some one shot "llappv Sam's" pistol
out of his hand. Instantly he picked
up the revolver with his other
hand and shot John Hammy through
the leg twice. He continued to fire
until his pistol was empty but no
other shot took effect.
Found Dead In Bed.
Williamston, Special.?Mr. John V.
Whitt, a highly respected farmer
near this* place, was found dead in
bed. He was in town Monday in
rsual health, ate a hearty supper and
retired ut 10:30 o'clock. He aroused
his wife. He leaves a widow and
iumr. it v?i.. ?~ i
mice CU1IU1CI1, ltist UIH iy WHO UUlll'U
at Big Creek church.
\
Killing Near Abbeville.
Abbeville, Special.?During a negro
dance at Shady Grove, about
seven miles from Abbeville, Sam Padgett
killed Jim Belcher. Belcher first
knocked Padgett down with a stick
whereupon Padgett grabbed his shotgun
and shot Belcher twice, killing
him instantly. Padgett is in jail.
Fire Chief Drops Dead.
Charleston, Special.?Fire Chief 0.
G. Marjonhoff, for 12 years at the
head of the Charleston fire department,
nn ex-officer of the National
Association of Fire Engineers, a frequent
contributor to firemen's and
insurance publications, dropped dead
at midnight at his home, coming in
after a battle with a troublesome fire
just as the four taps on the fire bells
announced to the city "Fire Out."
lie was about 60 years of age, and
I was very highly regarded for his intelligence
and splendid ability as a
I fire fighter. He leaves a large family.
i
.... .
ANNUITY TOR DR. JUDSON
Members of Faculty of Furman University
Elected Beneficiary Under
Carnegie Fund.
Greenville, Special.?Dr. Charles
llalletto Jiulson. for 54 years a member
of the faculty of Furnian university,
was notified of his election as a
beneficiary under the Carnegie foundation
fund. The president of tho
..< ???? * ' - * -
WU4U m uumits 01 xne lunu notified
I)r. Judson that he would receive au
annuity of $1,000 ns Ionic as lie lived
and said that though Dr. Judson
was connected with a denominational
Echool the board recognized his long
and valuable service in the cause of
education and decided to make an exception
in the case of the Funnan
professor along with that of Dr.
James H. Carlisle, president emeritus
.of Wofford college. Dr. Judson has
given practically all of his property
to Furman university and the annuity
will be appreciated hut more especially
will lie value the distinction
made in his ease by the board.
Renew the Fight For Proposed
County.
Attorneys representing t lie petitioners
l'or a new county proposed to
he erected of Aiken and Edgefield
have renewed the fight for the establishment
of the county. Gov. Heyward
has received two new petitions
from residents of the old county of
Edgefield, and from residents of the
old county of Aiken, each said to contain
more than the requisite number
of petitioners' signatures, and a
rough draft plat of the proposed new
county. The Hendersons of Aiken,
representing the opponents of tho
new county, requested last week that
in case the fight should be renewed
they should he notified. Gov. Heyward
accordingly wrote thcni on receipt
of the attorney's papers, adding
that he would suggest Jan. J as the
date for a hearing upon the matter,,
should a lienritif Ho ?<?
not known whether or not the proposed
new county will be called "Ilcyward."
Early Morning Fire in Camden.
Camden, Special?The frame dwelling
occupied by Mr. J. M. Stewart onDcKalb
street was completely destroyed
by fire about 1 o'clock Monday
morning. It was not known liovr
the fire originated, ns the building"
was past saving when the alarm was
given. The fire department did excellent
work in saving the residence
of Mrs. J. F. Smith, which adjoined
the burning building on the east side.
Several times this building was on
frre, but by persistent work the flames
were kept from spreading until the
burning building next door had fallen
in. The work of the firemen was
rendered harder by the fact that the
hydrants were frozen. All of thi
property was covered by insurance.
Another Ship-Load of Immigrants
Coming.
Columbia, Special.?Commissioner
of Immigration Watson has received
a cablegram from the North (lerman
Lloyd line at Bremen, stating that
the second ship-load of immigrants
would sail from that port to Charleston
On .Tsnnfirv- 1'! rv.......
j ju. V'tnnif i i."?h ?lit* r
Watson thinks that the ruling of Secrotary
Straus 1ms hod a very favorable
effect in Europe, and that thi*
second ship probably means the establishment
of a permanent line from
Bremen to Charleston. Old
Cox Mansion Sold.
Greenville, Special.? The old Cox
mansion, one of tlit: handsomest residences
in Greenville, was purchased
Monday by a syndicate of Greenville
business men. The price paid was
$20,000. The syndicate will hold it
for a hotel site. The announcement
practically insures the erection of a
modern hotel building in Greenville.
miner or Mrs. ucorgc Glenn Dies In
Columbia, S. C.
Mr. II. D. Smith, a timber contractor
for the Southern Railway Corapony,
was killed early Wcdnesdny
morning by a fall from the steps of a
boarding house on Assembly street,
this city. There was no eye witnesses
to the accident, his body being
later discovered, with the neck broken.
Mr. Smith was n native of Lexington
county, this State. He is survived
by five sons and two doughter*,
one of whom is Mr?. George Glenn,
of Gastonin, N. C. He was 60 years
of age.