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1 I '.' A. , ^ for\t mill times. ===^^= \ =^^^aai 15TH YEAR. FORT MILL, S. C., THURSDAY, JANUARY 3,1907. NO. 40. WILLIAMSON'S PLAN For Growing Corn Economically and Profitably RETARDING IDEA WORTH TRIAL A Searching Review of the Essential Features of t)ii> Mcthnd OrivinstpH by Mr. Williamson?After a Careful Personal Examination the Clemson Expert Reports That Wherever Tried it Has Been Pound Superior?Farmers Urged to Experiment with it Next Year. Clemson College, S. C.. Special.? Prof. C. L. N ewir.an. who recently I visited Darlington county and the Pce-Dee section for the purpose of investigating the plan of growing corn originated by Mr. Mclver Williamson, an account of his visit having been printed in The News and Courier at the time, has completed his report on the subject. The correspondent of The News ami Courier lias been permitted to copy the report, which will have great interest for planters in all parts of the State (as well as adjoining States). In part i? i> The peculiar or essential William- I on plan features are: 1. Deep and thorough preparation ' of seed bed. The soil is not only j broken to fully twice the depth to which it is usually broken, hut is broken much more thoroughly than is the custom. 2. Deep planting of the seed. Tho seed are placed four to six inches bolow the soil level and almost or quite in contact with the subsoil, but covered to the usual depth. This aids in "stunting" or retarding the growth of the young corn and of grasses and weeds as well, since very nearly all the soil proper has been ploughed awnv from the corn row and into the middles, and no fertilizer has been applied. 3. Infrequent and partial cultivation in early stages of growth. This is contrary to popular belief and practice and Mr. Williamson styles it "the most difficult point in the whole process," requiring experience and judgment "to know just how much the stalk should be stunted, and plenty of nerve is required to hold back your corn when your neighbors, who fertilize at planting time and cultivate rapidly, have corn twice the size of yours." 4. An increase of 200 per cent or more in the number of stalks per a ere. With rows 0x1 feet the Williamson plan has a little more than 7,300 stalks per acre Hgninst a little more than 2,1)00 if planting is done 5x3 feet, in accordance with the ordinary practice. Theoretically, this would give 73 and 29 bushels per acre, respectively, and it seems, from evidence at hand, that it is borne out in practice, assuming that each stalk will produce an ear, and one hundred ears will shell a bushel of grain. 5. Postponing application of fertilizers until corn is given its second cultivation. In ordinary practice this would be about the time corn should be worked the third time. The stalk has been cheeked or "stunted" as de. sired, and the fertilizer is applied --wbci: the plant needs it for the development of t-lje ear. 6. Intentic^d retardation of early growth of the until its size is reduced one-half^^^nne-fourth its normal development. 7. Augmented develotm^^^if the ear (following rctardation^^B^^k development.) by cnltivntini^^^^^l heavy aplieations of fertilizers m^^H at appropriaite intervals. ^ Since the Williamson plan corn is planted 4 to f? inches below the level, and is laid by 4 to (? inches nhovc the level, there is 8 to 12 inches of the stalk below the soil surface. The 1 talk roots or brace roots are below the surface when the crop is laid by, and probably perform their nntriivo functions better than would be of a part of them were exposed to the sir. Amounts of Fertilizer. ir. ir:n: J? * jur. iiu;?hiM>n rucuuiuieiius use following amounts of fertilizers applied to an acre: For 50 bushels of corn per acre: Two hundred pounds of cotton seed meal, 200 pounds of acid phosphate, 400 pounds of acid phosphate, 400 pounds of kainit. 125 pounds of nitrate soda, 925 pounds, costing about $9. For 100 bushels of corn per acre: 400 pounds of cotton seed meal, 400 pounds of acid phosphate, 300 pounds of kainit, 500 pounds of nitrate of 6oda, 1,900 pounds, costing about $19. The total cost of fertilizers, cultivation, etc.. for producing 50 bushels on one acre would vary from $15 to $20, and for producing 100 bushels on one acre from $25 to $30. These valuations are based on the market price of the fertilizers (assuming ths \ acid phosphate to be 14 per cent poods) and the average price of labor. The cost of labor varies in different parts of the State and even on adjacent farms. If the cow pea crop prown with the corn produces one ton of hay, this crop, if left on and in the ground, would add to it about $12 worth of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. If the eow pea crop would produce two tons of hay, this crop left on and in the ground would odd $24 worth of *i. I u?... iucoc iti unu'i iii^icuiciua. ever, the value of the cow pea for feeding purposes is double its value for fertilizing purposes. If judiciously fed to animals this h%v will have a feeding value of about $24 per ton. and if all the excreta is saved and returned to the soil between SO and 90 per cent ($10.20 per to.j) of the fertilizing value of the cow pea hay will be pi veil back to the land. An ordinary crop of cow peas may be made to pay the cost of cultivating the corn, or probably the cost of the fertilizer. A good crop should pay for both. Compared With Other Yields. Considerable effort has been made to gather as much comparative data as possible so as to have Williamson plan corn yields that might justly be compared with yields from the ordinary method. It is highly desirable that as far as possible, and without prejudicing cither, the two crops for comparison he grown on the same character of land and planted at the same time, and that the treatment and surroundings of each differ in no way except as to the peculiar or cs sential features of difference existing between the two plans or methods Reports of some three dozen fanners who have this year given the Williamston plan a test have been brought to the notice of the writer. Sonic of these were not considered definite enough for consideration, but twenty-eight reported either a comparison of yields from crops grown | this year by both plans or gave yields | secured from the ordinary plan in the past on the same land. The two lowest yields reported from the ordinary methods were seven and ten bushels per aero. The two highest yields reported from the same method were forty-live and fifty bushels per acre. The two lowest yields reported from the Williamson plan were twentyseven and thirty bushels per acre. The two highest vilds reported from the same plan were one hundred bushels per acre. The yield from twentyeight reporting both tlie ordinary and the Williamson plan compared gives an average of '23.25 bushels per acre for the former and 56.42 bushels per acre for the latter. These twentyeight show a remarkable average dif fen-nee of 35.17 more bushels per acre in favor of the Williamson plan, an increase of .142 per cent. It cannot, however, in justice to either method, be said that these comj parisons indicate the actual difference between the Williamson plan I and the ordinary method. Many of the reports give the number of bushels per acre in round numbers, indicating that the yields were estimated rather than actually determined. In a number of eases the yield in 1906 from the Williamson plan was com- H pared with the yield secured from the I s^.ino land when it was last in corn, , Mi| v. H il ofl I ltH^^^^Bi^H| 5 39 DIEJ A WRECK frightful Collision Occurs Near Washington City APPALLING DISASTER ON B. & 0. Accident Caused by Collision of 1 Train No. 66 With Dead Head Tin- I uipment Passenger Special of Eight Oars Three Miles From Washington. Washington, Special?An appalling disaster occurred Sunday night at 7 o'clock on the Baltimore & Ohio Hailroad at Terra Cott-a, about three miles from this city, in which about 38 persons were killed uud over GO injured, some of tlieui bo seriously that they will die. Tho accident was caused by the collision of train No. GG, due here at G:15 p. m., from Fredericksburg. Md., known as the Frederick special, with a dead-head pnssen ger equipment special of eight cars. Over 200 passengers were aboard the ill-fatod train. The railway ollieials were unable to assign any cause for the coliission. As soon as the news of the wreck reached this city all ambulances available with as many physicians as could be nsscmbeld, were sent to the scene. Of the injured seven were taken to Frecdrraii's "Hospital. 15 -to the United States Soldiers' Hospital, and 20 have been brought into the city on a special train to be carried to various hospitals. Among tho injured was District Attorney Baker, of this eitv, who, despite his inpuries, walked almost two milo.s to lirookland ami brought the first news of the wreck. He was completely cxhauseted, and after medical treatment was sent to the city. Waiting Pas3cngcra Killed. One of the worst features of the catastrophe was enacted at the station of Terra Cota. Here a number of passengers were waiting to take the train into the city when the collision occurred. Of the large number only two escaped; the remainder were either killed by -being thrown under the rtain or injured by flying pieces of wreckage. Partial List of Dead. Following is a partiu! list of the 'dead: Mary Lippold, 30 years old. Employe of bureau of engraving and printing, this city. George Higbie, 8 years old, Brookland, T). C. Unidentified Negro, 35 years old. Unidentified White Bov, 12 years old. Elizabeth Pearmnn, Takoma Park. T. A. KoIIvy Kingston, Md. Dr. E. Gjmher Hnrric, Washington Miss Koll, (a Y. M. C. A. card was found in her pocket.) White Girl, 13 years old, unidentified, NO AID FOR GAMBLED Money Placed in Banks by Treasury is for the Relief of Business OnlySecretary Replies at Length to Let ter From Nashville, Tenn., Mai Who Insists That Relief Has Beer Given Gamblers and Money Sharks, "the Real Cause of High Money ir New York," and Inquiries How Long Will the Practico Continue. Washington, Special.?In a lettci to a correspondent residing in Nnsli ville, Term., Secretary Shaw repudiates the suggestion tliat the United States Treasury ever has come to the relief of stock gamblers. The correspondent in question, whose name is withheld, insists that such relict has been given gamblers and money sharks, "the real cause of high money in New York," and inquiry how long will the practice coutinue. To which the Secretary made the following reply: "Your letter of December 23d is received, and I note your sentiments with respect to stock gamblers. Your letter is so courteous and voices so accurately the view of many well informed people that I am constrained to anwer it somewhat at length. "You seem to proceed upon the theory that the existing monetary stringency is caused solely by stock gambling. In this you are in error. Some people gamble in stocks, some in cotton, others in wheat, com. pork, or lard, and some in land. When times are good people will speculate in anything and everything that possesses a market value. The proportion of speculation as compared with necessary and legitimate business i.very small, however, and is probably no larger in New York City thai: in Nashville, Terni., where you reside, or in Dcnison, Iowa, where i live. The best estimates I can get place the amount of speculative transactions in New York City at from 2 l-'J to o per cent of the aggregate. "The Treasury lias never come to the relief of stock gamblers ami probably never will, though the relief, which the Treasury grants frequently aids those who gamble on the bull side of the stock market, and the hull side of the wheat, the cotton market, the corn market and every other market, but it is equally harmful to those who gamble on the bear side of these respective markets. Both hulls and hears importune the Secretary of the Treasury, hut the nature of the advice usually idicates the side of the market on which they are operating. Naturally these communications have 110 influence whatever. The real business situation is the sole consideration. "During the dull season of 100C the Secretary* of the Treasury withdrew millions of the people's money and locked it up. This would have been a crime if he were not willing to release it now when it is needed. By appropriate use of the money in the vaults of the Treasury I have facilitated the importation of a hundred millions of gold within the last nine months, and have released, or arranged for the release of fifty millions more. This was done, as 1 say, for the purpose of aiding legitimate business, though it has helped the bull side of the mnrket as much as it has damaged the bear side. 1 enre as little for either .of these considerations as do you, but I am intensely interested in the appropriate business interests of the country. "It is for the relief of business that the Treasury has returned to the channels of trade the money which it wtihdrew when the people had no uso for it except for purposes of speculation. It was then wanted for speculation and I withdew it. It is now needed for business and I restore it. The last $10,000,000 deposit went almost exclusively to the cotton produceing state,, and the exceptions went to cotton buying cities." Killed By Daughter's Escort. Montioelio, Oa., Special. ? .James Polk, aged 00 years, was shot and killed by Ci;b Waldrop, a young man who had escorted two of Polk's daughters to an entertainment, returning with them about 2 a. m. Polk berated the young man for coming home so late, and in the quarrel that followed, Polk was killed. Triple Tragedy Enacted. Danville, Va., Special.?Joe Patrillo, an Italian laborer, Maggie Sullivan, an American woman, and Lawrence Sullivan, the 12-year-old son of Maggie Sullivan, were shot to deat at a camp of railway employes about a mile from Motley's station, which is about 30 miles from Danville. The muredrs arc the result of a bitter ieud. Fred Ammoto, an Italian, who has charge ot the commissary at the camp, uud his son, Allic Aammoto, have Imen arrested on tl?? charge of the killings. lute Uirl, IS years old, unidentified. Negro Baby, unidentified. White Bahv. unidentified. Norman Rogers, white, Marion, |diana. HtMrs. J. McCnghley. ^Bl 1-year-old Son of Mi's. MeCaugli^ Fdwnrd M. Belt, white, 14 years address unknown. ^H'oininodorc P. Brown, 00 years of ^ e. address unknown. King, organist Wesley Chapel ^ nsington, Md. ITwo Negro Women, unidentified. White Women, about .1" years unidentified. ^^White Woman, 25 years old, unratified. White Woman, years old, un^vntified. ^BWhite Child, unidentified. H News Items. B'ms. Gould was adjudged jointly ^W>le for a jewelry bill of $57,000. ^ William Faversham violently at^B'kcd a waiter in a New York hotel ^fto had thrown a plate at the actor's If. The Postal Commission will unre npress to authorize a searching instigation of the PostolTice Depart- ! iut. Tillman on the President. Birmingham, Ala., Special. ? Roosevelt does not know anything out the nejrro and every time he uches him lie makeo a mess of it. e had no business dipeharfrinjr the ifrro troops at Brownsville before akin? a carfeul investijration. 1 ubt very much whether or not he vested with the authority to take eh matters in his own hands anyly." Thus spoke Senator Benjan R. Tillman after his arrival Dm Dothsn, Ala. { PALMETTO AFFAIRS Occurrences of Interest From All Over South Carolina MANY ITEMS OF STATE NEWS A. Batch of Live Paragraphs Covering a Wide Range?What is Going Oa in Ow State. Tiney C ha vis Silled. Springfield, Special. ? Wedn^'ay morning about 10 o'clock Tiney Chavis, a white man, went to the house of Stephen Clemens, a negro tenant on the place of Ilenrv Cooper, about four miles from Springfield, and asked him for a small sum of money due liim by the negro. Clemens told him he did not have the money, and Chevis, it is alleged, began cursing him. Clemens shoved Chavis out of the door and picked up his gun, and followed him out into the yard and shot him dead.. Chavis was not armed. The negro was captured about the house of Mr. Cooper, and alter much difficulty gotten to Springfield and delivered to Magistrate A. H. Corbett who sent him over to Barnwell to prevent the friends of Chavis lynch ms mm. considerable excitement was manifested at the inquest, und it was at times as much as the magistrate could do to keep the friends of Chavis from taking the law in their own hunds. Cotton Meeting is of Interest. South Carolina will be well represented at the meeting of the Southern Cotton Association in Birmingham, Ala., on January IS. Among those who will attend are Gov. Heyward, President E. D. Smith, Messrs. F. II. Hyatt, the treasurer of the South Carolina division, and F. H. Weston, the secretary. The fact that there is a fight on hand to change the location of the headquarters from Atlanta to some other city makes it probable that Columbia will be a factor in the - 3 it.. ;-n ii.. |avri:cuuiii^d uuu IIJU lllilUt'llCt' IIIO delegates from this State will exert drives s(jrae ground for believing that Columbia may be selected. At the meeting President Harvie Jordan, as nnnounced some time ago, will tend "in his resignation as president and the delegation from this State hope to have either Messrs. E. D. Smith or F. H. Hyatt elected to that jK>sition. Both have done a great deal of work and are recognized as leading spirits in the organization. Shooting Affray in Laurens. Laurns, Special?A negro from the country by the name of "Happy Sam" was lodged in jail charged with shooting two other negroes Monday night. The shooting took place at n negro frolic near Watts mills, just beyond the city limits. "Happy Sam" 6cems to have opened up hostilities by firing iuto John Peterson, inflicting a wound in the side that is regarded ns fatal. At this juncture some one shot "llappv Sam's" pistol out of his hand. Instantly he picked up the revolver with his other hand and shot John Hammy through the leg twice. He continued to fire until his pistol was empty but no other shot took effect. Found Dead In Bed. Williamston, Special.?Mr. John V. Whitt, a highly respected farmer near this* place, was found dead in bed. He was in town Monday in rsual health, ate a hearty supper and retired ut 10:30 o'clock. He aroused his wife. He leaves a widow and iumr. it v?i.. ?~ i mice CU1IU1CI1, ltist UIH iy WHO UUlll'U at Big Creek church. \ Killing Near Abbeville. Abbeville, Special.?During a negro dance at Shady Grove, about seven miles from Abbeville, Sam Padgett killed Jim Belcher. Belcher first knocked Padgett down with a stick whereupon Padgett grabbed his shotgun and shot Belcher twice, killing him instantly. Padgett is in jail. Fire Chief Drops Dead. Charleston, Special.?Fire Chief 0. G. Marjonhoff, for 12 years at the head of the Charleston fire department, nn ex-officer of the National Association of Fire Engineers, a frequent contributor to firemen's and insurance publications, dropped dead at midnight at his home, coming in after a battle with a troublesome fire just as the four taps on the fire bells announced to the city "Fire Out." lie was about 60 years of age, and I was very highly regarded for his intelligence and splendid ability as a I fire fighter. He leaves a large family. i .... . ANNUITY TOR DR. JUDSON Members of Faculty of Furman University Elected Beneficiary Under Carnegie Fund. Greenville, Special.?Dr. Charles llalletto Jiulson. for 54 years a member of the faculty of Furnian university, was notified of his election as a beneficiary under the Carnegie foundation fund. The president of tho ..< ???? * ' - * - WU4U m uumits 01 xne lunu notified I)r. Judson that he would receive au annuity of $1,000 ns Ionic as lie lived and said that though Dr. Judson was connected with a denominational Echool the board recognized his long and valuable service in the cause of education and decided to make an exception in the case of the Funnan professor along with that of Dr. James H. Carlisle, president emeritus .of Wofford college. Dr. Judson has given practically all of his property to Furman university and the annuity will be appreciated hut more especially will lie value the distinction made in his ease by the board. Renew the Fight For Proposed County. Attorneys representing t lie petitioners l'or a new county proposed to he erected of Aiken and Edgefield have renewed the fight for the establishment of the county. Gov. Heyward has received two new petitions from residents of the old county of Edgefield, and from residents of the old county of Aiken, each said to contain more than the requisite number of petitioners' signatures, and a rough draft plat of the proposed new county. The Hendersons of Aiken, representing the opponents of tho new county, requested last week that in case the fight should be renewed they should he notified. Gov. Heyward accordingly wrote thcni on receipt of the attorney's papers, adding that he would suggest Jan. J as the date for a hearing upon the matter,, should a lienritif Ho ?<? not known whether or not the proposed new county will be called "Ilcyward." Early Morning Fire in Camden. Camden, Special?The frame dwelling occupied by Mr. J. M. Stewart onDcKalb street was completely destroyed by fire about 1 o'clock Monday morning. It was not known liovr the fire originated, ns the building" was past saving when the alarm was given. The fire department did excellent work in saving the residence of Mrs. J. F. Smith, which adjoined the burning building on the east side. Several times this building was on frre, but by persistent work the flames were kept from spreading until the burning building next door had fallen in. The work of the firemen was rendered harder by the fact that the hydrants were frozen. All of thi property was covered by insurance. Another Ship-Load of Immigrants Coming. Columbia, Special.?Commissioner of Immigration Watson has received a cablegram from the North (lerman Lloyd line at Bremen, stating that the second ship-load of immigrants would sail from that port to Charleston On .Tsnnfirv- 1'! rv....... j ju. V'tnnif i i."?h ?lit* r Watson thinks that the ruling of Secrotary Straus 1ms hod a very favorable effect in Europe, and that thi* second ship probably means the establishment of a permanent line from Bremen to Charleston. Old Cox Mansion Sold. Greenville, Special.? The old Cox mansion, one of tlit: handsomest residences in Greenville, was purchased Monday by a syndicate of Greenville business men. The price paid was $20,000. The syndicate will hold it for a hotel site. The announcement practically insures the erection of a modern hotel building in Greenville. miner or Mrs. ucorgc Glenn Dies In Columbia, S. C. Mr. II. D. Smith, a timber contractor for the Southern Railway Corapony, was killed early Wcdnesdny morning by a fall from the steps of a boarding house on Assembly street, this city. There was no eye witnesses to the accident, his body being later discovered, with the neck broken. Mr. Smith was n native of Lexington county, this State. He is survived by five sons and two doughter*, one of whom is Mr?. George Glenn, of Gastonin, N. C. He was 60 years of age.