The dispatch-news. [volume] (Lexington, S.C.) 1919-2001, December 06, 1922, Image 5
National Seer>
Before Charlc
( t: .J , .C(< . .f <t . ', ? *
' > > > . ;??? , : 1 -' 1 ,y'"lVT
ADDRESS BY COD. IIAKVIE
JORDAN, NATIONAL SBCRE"
' TARY AMERICANCOTTON
" ASSOCIATION, ON. "THE MENACE
OF THE COTTON BOLL
WEEVIL AND PRACTICAL
CONTROL METHODS." DELIVERED
BEFORE A GATHER- '
ING OF SPINNERS, BANKERS
AND FARMERS ,.AT CHAR- .
I LOTTE,, N. C., NOV. $3RP : ...
The gravity of the crisis confronting
the cotton industry in the
United States cannot be praraU.eled
by any situation previously facing
the growers since cotton was first
pi&mea in tnis country more than
one hundred years ago. So' long
as soil, climate and labor were the
only nefcessary requirements to
produce cotton, the South grew, the
staple in abundance and each year
harvested a surplus beyond the
world's requirements. ,
The cotton-growing industry in
this country is now facing disaster
from serious curtailment in. production
because of the ravages of
an insect destructive to the fruitage
of tho cotton plant and which
science and the practical efforts of
tho growers seem powerless to
overcome. , .
The cotton boll weevil first invaded
practically 95 per cent of
the entire cotton area, reaching
now into the central and northern
tiers of counties in North Carolina.
The widespread destruction of the
cotton crop from this insect for the
past two years has been far greater
than at any period in the history
of infestation.
In this connection, the statistics
carefully gathered by the United
States Government .give a startling
account of the appalling disasters
to the crop wrought by the weevils
during the past few years, and to
which I invite your very serious
attention:
Table of losses from boll weevil
infestation expressed in bales bf
500 pounds of lint, since 1016, as
compiled by the United StateB Department
of Agriculture:
Year. Bales.
1016 2,994,000
1917 2,095,000
1918. . .2,325,000
1919 .2,780.000
1920... 4,595,000
1921 6,277,000
At an average selling price of
16 cents per pound, the amount
of destroyed cotton by these rapacious
'insecta'in 1921, represents
a total net loss from that spurce
alone of $470,775,000 in gold or its
equivalent, to the purchasing and
debt-paying power of the people of
the cotton BtateB.
r eWflolTSWfyof 1921, amount--*
Ing to 7,900,000 bales, was the
smallest production in the past
quarter of a century. With a
largely increased cotton acreage In |
1922, the total production for this
season will hardly exceed 9.G00,000
bales, which, with the exception
of the heavy disaster in
1921, will be thp smallest crop
produced fl.'nce 1901.
The net losses to the growers in
production this year, due to widespread
weevil infestation and dam
ago, may be safely estimated at 4,000,000
bales, which, at an average
Helling price of 20 cents per pound"
represents another tptal aggregate
loss of $400,006,.00(?.^, The weevil
Infestation now spreads over, the
entire cotton belt from Southwestern
Texas to the Northern tier of
counties in North Carolina, covering
practoally 97 per cent, of the
total cotton area.
TILE AMERICAN COTTON CROC
AN INDUSTRY OF NATIONAL
AND INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE.
The total producton of cotton of
all kinds in foreign countries does
not exceed an annual growth of 8,000,000
bales.
The world textile j consumption
of cotton at the present time is
about 20.000,000 bales per annum.
The United States must, therefore,
furnish at leust 12,000,000 bales of
cotton annually, if the spindles
and looms of the world are to be
IrAnt in nnorntlnn tn -
?? ?1-- iv l?C
needs of civilization for cotton
clothing and other fabrics for
which lint cotton is used.
But for the largo surplus of American
cotton produced in 1920,
there would necessarily be many
millions of spindles closed down
for the want of raw Cotton. The
short crops of cottop produced in
tho South during 1921 and 1922
would only provide sufficient staple
to meet the needs of American and
Canadian mills, with only a small
surplus to be carried in stockH,
without permitting any exports of
raw cotton to leave this country.
Foreign mills , depend upon the !
{7nlted States for at least 8,000,000
bales of cotton annually under
normal consumptive requirements,
and this demand, if supplied during
last year and this year, ' had "*
there been no large surplus In
1920, would have left no cotton for
our domestic mills. * v
The Hlirnllin nf Amnrloan
brought over from 1920 has rt'ow
boon absorbed and the supplies ot
raw cotton for the future to. meet
domestic and foreign demands tor
the American staple Was reached a
aeriouB stage of acuteness which
can only be relieved by the production
of at least thirteen or four-'
v t^en -m llftOff bAJea in '?##1.'! r>; -?n
"in" vieV^ofih^ -fact tWht the
\
- h
etary Speaks
Me Gathering,
? ... v'- ,v i
world's cotton textile "industry depends
'tljtontho United States tor
about 84 per -csnt of -the-.wqrlA'a
cotton of 7r8^. inch . staple and ,
above,, .th^.. extreme seriousness of
the present situation becomes quite
cleaf'lh otriphasizinifthe American
cotton crop' as a National and. in<ternational
necessity of the deepest
concern. V
I v. The cotton industry oft ,.the
United States is the most valuable
monetary asset of the N&tdoi), both
as a 'domestic product and for" ?x|
port. Tb<^e..are.mojre people cm]
.ployed an<i capital invested in,the,
production and manufacture . of
: cotton in this'country than in any
other single industry.
The exports of American cotton
have held and maintained the bal:.ance
of trade jn favor of the United
States in its international commerce
for many years.
The problem of the rehabilitation
of thfe-cotton-growing' industry
"must, therefore, be considered, not
fiom a local or sectional standpoint,
but as a problem of the
deepest national concern. The correct
solution of the boll weevil
menace must not be left to the
growers alone or to the Ineffectual
1 efforts of governmental weevil ex|
perts, but every department of the
cotton industry and every business
I directly or indirectly denendent
| upon the cotton crop should Give
whole hearted support and coop|
oration toward practical and efficient
methods of boll weevil conj
trol which have been tried ou'. with
| success by many successful far|
mers in the heavily infested boll
weevil areas.
LARGE PROPORTION OF COTTON
GROWERS IS SMALL
TENANT AND SHARE-CROPPER
FARMERS WIIO MTST
RE REACHED AND ENCOUR|
. AGED TO SUCCESS BY PRAC.
TICAIi AND EFFICIENT
LEADERSHIP.
* i<
It has .been fully demonstrated
that cotton can be profitably
grown under boll' weevil conditions.
' The methods employed in
many instances are simple and inexpensive.
The general application
of these methods, already
I known to be successful, must be
secured by the great masses of the
small tenant and share-cropper
farrners who are largely left to '
their own deviceo by the absentee
landlord' ;
it has b?en established by practice
"that the cotton Btalks must be
plowed up before frost; the tor rac^s,
ditoh banks and hedge rows
cleaned off or burnejl before cold
I .weather,; that In
_ _P. ...a a well
i pulverizod seed bod muct be preI
"fja'red'f that weli selected seed
must be planted; that liberal fertilization
is irx perative; that not
exceeding eight acres can be safely
planted in cotton per plow and
that the culture of the growing
plants must be r apid and often until
the Crop is matured, which
means the intensive culture of cotton
so as. to increase the yield of
good quality cotton per acre.
The cot'ton rows should be close
and the plants thickly spaced in
the drills.. Every effort must bo
i matfo to push fruitage and matur|
ity by .the.middle or.-latter part of
I July.1 When the. weevils, firpt apj
pear on the young plants tne inseedfl
must be picked and destroyed.
The infested squares in
May must be carefully gathered
i and burned. Poisons must be ap|
plied to the young plants In liquid
| or .powdered form by the simple
r and inexpensive devices now recommended.
The spread and propI
agatlon of insects must be checked
i on every cotton farm infested during
the months of May and June
i in order to prevent the heavy migration
of the weevils, beginning
j about the. 15th of July, which destroys
the crop.
If the multiplied millions of the
insects can be prevented by weevil
control methods actively employed
on every farm, there will be no extensive
migration and the fruitage
of the crop can be saved.
The cotton crop in heavily infested
areas is destroyed each year bv
...^ jimuonB of insects that are
propagated on fields where no efforts
are made for weevil control/
and so long as this condition Is allowed
to continue, the production;
of cotton will not only be extremely
hazardous to all the. growers,
but must necessarily result in an
abnormally high cost of production
due to extreme shortage in
yield.
The methods of ' culture and
weevil control which I have outlined
to you are simple and inexpensive,
which every farmer, large
or small, can adopt with success if
all the growers are reached and
-shown what to do. This can bo
done by the establishment of one or.
more demonstration cotton farms
in each infested county rand the
placing of the proper literature
: and directions in the hands ' of
every grower in such counties;
Such a campaign will necessarily
cost a considerable sum of money
but which in the aggregate will be
infinitesimal computed to the enornious
"Tosses which are each year
taken from the crop by. the weevils and
the destruction o'f the pUrcJja?r
ing and debt-paying power of r so
many thousands of cotton grhw^ra.
During ,th<* tw.o-ywB-itiBny'
thousands of the small one and
1 two?hor?e renters and( share-cropper
farmers h'&vV left the cottnp .
fields Kast of-ehe 'fiA'salsdlppi
HMHMNMteaEdMliMH
.V.1-?m v :% . ... **? ?.?>.vS .--ii >..?- c. J
, ^ ^Rrate^l industrial caters. In
i order i'o provde a Uvlns wage for
Hhemfselveg-and families. This is
especially-true of . Ihe . ' negro
. (farmers who .constitute-the j mf\~ ,.r
Jority percentage of the .lspor engaged
'in' cotton production, ' The
'hlosihg'of our ports to fore!tf^'emigration
has-created a demand by
Northern industries . for, ; negro
. labor and the, Sputh Ofl'V. invites an
attractive fieild from which to,draw
that'class of labor. ' v - ;
If this exodus of negro ' farm
labor-from the cotton belt cpBtipues,
it meanB tht. vast tracts of
land heretofore planted In cotton
and other staple Hariri products will
lie dormant because there Is no
other source frbm which farm labor^
can. bp drawn.; Better 'living
conditions and higher yages must
bj provided for the labor on'cottoh
fafms oir the'present ' serious
eXodus of su6h tabor will contitiue
to northern industries.
The>problem can only" be met
, and BOlved by teaching the masses
of the cotton growers hovy to successful^
"overcome the boll weevil *
menace and maintain the price 'of
cotton oh a profitable basis to the
growers. The people of this great
Republic have overcome every vital
economic, problem which has
confronted them since 1776, and it
must no* be said that the AngloSaxon
race has gone down into defeat
and despair before the
rapacious presence of an insect.
Heretofore there has heen no
widespread concerted effort made
for practical weevil control so as
to reach all the growers and enlist
their effective cooperation. The
United States Department of Agriculture
has maintained a weevil
laboratory at Tallulali," Louisiana,
for a number of years and Federal
experts have carried on experimental
work in many sections of the
belt. Last year the VirginiaCarolina
Chemical Company established
demonstration farms in forty-three
counties in four states and.
the results were most satisfactory
in every instance, indicating that
cotton can be profitably grown under
heavily infested weevil conditions
by the adoption of simple and
practical methods already estab
nsfied.
Scientific Investigation and experiments
should continue even
upon a much larger scale than
heretofore, but the methods which
are already known to be successful,
if properly applied, should be carried
to and impressed upon every
farmer in the boll weevil area.
This work the American Cotton
Association will. undertake on a
large scale if those who are inter'
ested in the speedy rehabilitation
. of the cotton-growing industry will
furnish prompt financial support ?
and cooperation.
. The American Cotton - Associa- .
. tion can reach 600,000 cotton grow-'
era through its Journal, COTTON
NEWS. Its close affiliated connections
in the cotton-growlfig
counties will enable the Association
to easily organise, a demonstration
cotton farm in-alt-of * the' ' cotton
counties heavily infested with
weevils in 1923, The Association
has the facilities and machinery foir
doing this work more effectively
and efficiently than any '"other organization
or agency in the South.
The old system of credits tiy
supply merchants and local banks
to cotton growers, based upon, an
extensive acreage in cotton, has
- ceased to operate, and the great
masseB of the growers find them
selves upon their own individual
resources which aje extremely limited
as a*refluit of tho deflation I
period oir'ld20 and 1921,. The ex- 1
traordindf-y- hazards of growing
cotton under boll wefeVll conditions
and the average high cost of pro- *
ductlon due to limited yields of lint
cotton per aero, are combining to
make tho industry unattractive and <.
unprofitable to many thousands of
the growers both black and white.
To overcome these serious difficulties
during this period of recon- '
struction and rehabilitation of the
industry will call for the united
support and effective cooperation
of the Government, State and Fedprfll
Qnrl n 111J A "
M...V4 u niiiinKuuvH on me pan
of the general banking, manufacturing
and bigness interests of the
whole country. The problem is
too extensive and acute to be sat- '
isfactorily solved by the growers
unaided.
A third continuous disaster to
the American cotton crop will not
only magnify, discouragement
among the growers, but it will
greatly retard and disorganize the
cotton spinning interests of this
country and abroad. Jt will mean,
enormous prices for cotton and
cotton goods Which the world population
is in no condition to pay.
The sensible policy at this time
to pursue is to determine upon a
rational widespread campaign of ?
education among the growers
which will enable them to grow
profitable crops of cotton upon the
most economic basis of production;
to encourage the growers that the
boll weevil menace can be overcome
through the Intensive culture
of cotton and an encreetlfi ?nniioo
Won of- weevil control methods on
every cotton fayix).,..
The hour tor. united effort^ to
preserve the great staple crop of "
this country from future disaster jp
has struck, arid I 'beg ybUr. most ,
serious consideration of the; mat
ters to which your attention has
been ^called. . U 4? better to treatand'cure
a pending calamity . than
to await" Its occurence. The
ericatt Cotton Association With its
. splendidly -organised < - rriachlriory
4 covering every county inthe" ddt-*'
ton belt and its. extensiyjp facilities
for publicity to reach the growers,
staridAr'ready \d do Its' fulf duty and
In the imperatively needed } cam,
i paifcn w.htoh JiSBMihead. your supk.
, ,4?ort m most urgently ^egijrqd'
PRia?Ay?
PROFlTAHLK BOL.F WEEVIL.
RATION liKFORK PLSJS
Experimental work can be con- j
' tinufd,.,by tftow who arc seeding.
more ?ri>eilive and 'definite niejthod
of boil w*eVlt cbntrol than. la
fknown ttft^esent. At tfcir-' sdi&e'
time, enough la Jtnown to tno^le
i; every^pttpji farmer to >?
profltible'yifeld of cotton in i?2S,_
it. metbo<f&1*&lren.dytrled out end"
proven' febcbesaful are active# utll'4aed
by every grower in : every
oounjy. Scattered, efforta ; here
and there will not prove successful.
Too many farmers Were indifferent .
this year and, consequently,' loet
their ^rbps.
No man can grow a Rood crop of
cotton who leaves .his fields at the
merey-.of the Insects. The ; manij
n >?v uuvbu v UIAAO Up Hit* 1111HU 1U
.be as diligent as saving his crop
from weevil depredation' as the
weevils are to destroy it, had better
leave ' cotton off; his program '
next year. It will be economy for
him ancL his neighbors.
Every field of cotton that has
been picked should be promptly
plowed.' Corn and hay fields
should be turned under. Ditch
banks, terraceB and hedge rows
should be cleaned off and the
trash burned. A cotton farm
shouiji be made so clean In the fall
of ths year that a weevli will wear
himself obt hunting for' a cover
crop in which to hibernate through
the- cold weather of winter. The
fewer the number of old weevils
there are to come into the fields
next spring after the young cotton
plants are up, the easier and quicker
it will be to destroy them. Old
stumps in the fields should be
blasted! or burned out. Bark on
dead trees near the fields should be
stripped off as that is ohp of the
most attractive peaces for large
quantities of weevils to winter behind.
If the cotton stalks cannot
be turned under, they should
be ripped out and as they die the
weevil larvae will also be killed
and such adult weevils as remain
in the field. Cotton should never
follow cotton., Where grain or
othpr crops were grown this year,
cotton should be planted next year.
Its never safe to risk planting more
than eight acres to the plow in cot
nn Knll aa?.4IW.?
was irwvtl UUUUlUUIlO.
KWgjROEnC WEEVIL CONTROL,
METHODS IN MAY AND JUNE
WIUj WIN THE FIGHT.
A .jUjoroughly pulverised ' seed
bed Is the first step toward preparation
for the crop nest spring.
The - application ^ of a high-grade
9-8-3 fertilizer, at the rate of. 400
to 500. pounds per acre, or about
two??gps tp the plow, should be
used,' especially in those sectionswhere
cntemlcal fertilizers are usted.i
Jih, tHe.South; Atlantic and Middle
"Ghilr States east of the Mississippi'
Delta" cotton cannot be profitably
growh Without high or liberal fertilization
of some kind. It is useless..?$
depend upon the natural
.fertility of the soils in.those states
because the crop must'be rushed
to lhaturlty dnd the artificial application
of- plant, food is imperative
to get quick growth and frultage.t
Chemical nitrates and arse
nic_ poisons are both said to be
quit$ Scarce and advancing 1.'.
price," so that orders for these
necessary goods Ahould be placed
as promptly as possible. Disappointment
is certain next spring if
purchases arc delayed.. Manufacturers
will not stock up unless they
attfWsed ahead as to the de ififchd.
' After the cotton Is chopped to a
stand and weevils are found in the
fields, activities to destroy them
should be at once started. This can
be done by picking the adult weevils
andf first punctured squares, or the
tops or tne pianis can oe pui?oneu
by the mm of molasses-water-arsenato
mixture appliod with a small
mop. at the end of a stick, or calcium
arsenate in powdered form can
be applied. "Whatever method is
pursued it must be prompt and efficient.
The destruction of one
pair of old weevils early in the
season may prevent the propagation
of several millions In sixty to
nin'ety days. If every cotton farmer
"will Work to clear his fields ot
the early infestation it will prevent
the propagation of millions later on
aud, check the fearful ravages of
the crop from the migratory flight
?-ot--the insects -shortly -after Juiy
15th each year. To save the crop,
this migration of myriads of the insects
must be checked. This can
only be done If every grower will
do hlri duty In May and June. Fields
which are not protected and left to
the mercy of - the weevils will be
the undisturbed breeding places for
millions of the insects which will
not oniy destroy* the rrultage or
etich fields, but will invade other
farms -whore proper weevil methods
have been made and destroy
the crops thore as well.
ltv must- oe borne in mind that
ther-yeC*vils travel "from 60 to 126
-miles-'from -July 16th to September
. .16th, and not .only neighbors ipM8*
. .worK together to: prevent this perennial
migration; bjtt every cotfnty
In tfcd'Infected territory must chop-"
erh<e fbHhe-'same end. 'If1 the miv.
graUwr-bertodcan be held in c^eck
: and Ogetfidds.cleared of the weev-'
/M** an^ ^une, a good1 crop
of cotton can be grown in 1923. IV
" fd sffri&y up loathe growers Whethr
er they shelf-win inr'tifelf Efforts to
t v make urcrop oc whether the1 weevils
shotlvbe allowed; to contihue. .to).
, d^ptroy. several, million, bales Of caV.
ton eo badly needed.by the world as
wAf W the /itfnfe'fsT ' :
i rmrY'i
TrAT *OF?RD~ NBWjsi
;-v^SrWto -r, . \% |,, . .,r?. j
tfhehealtb,of this eoifctnurjuy 1* ;i
Yiirly good afth'a writfnfe.
Therd in n. dlwvtiHe preVdfesirtj among a
fat >hb?ft hereabouts kaoVn' 3tf head- ,j
ache and aOfo throat, from which
several'have1 died aid the probabilU .
' ties - a'rathat" m6re wtl 1 follow t soon. j
Mr, Lioyd Ounter" 'and- wife' ylalted
the'latte^s brothelr, 4df.r-C." *1^ Rlsh.
last Sunday. '* *
Wlra". Sarah JdnC ^isW' hfear Gilbert
htirt been Bpendng 'sometime down
on 'Tllaek Creek with he* daughter, ^
Mrs. Agrriea Hall man. ? "v \ *
* Mr . an\l Ho'ward ah(iylcWkI- *
ren were lakt;Sunday's gw6at Mr;
' and lira. "C. Hi eh. 1. *. *
Mrer.'SiL. Robertson visited Mrs. a
Li. A*.' Howard Ids}'- Saturday' even- i
ing. '
Mrs. H. A. HoVard Visited Mrs. a
Efflo Rish last Monday evenjng. .... r
Mr. Fayette Rish has'moved- on j
Mrs. Nezzie Crout't place near here ^
where he' will engage in ' farming
'next year. " '
Mir. J. T. Hall man 'has moved
' from near Crout'a Mill on Black
'Creek to near his" father's.
Miss Jessie Robertson and brother, v
- "*
Klenny, made a business trip to'Leesville
last Tuesday. i
Mr. E. F. Kyser Is"now driving J,
his new "John Henry" and letting u
old "Fan" rest. Let "er go Bill.
If you want to enjoy a handsome ^
new car or some spondooKx hustle ^
in the subscription campaign. Some- ?
body is going to win. I
NEWS FROM ST. MATTHEWS. _
6
The health of this community is ||
very well at present.
Mr. and Mrs. .L. M. Steele and
children spent Sunday at Mr. C. P.
McCartha's.
WHY LOOK OLD!
Gray Hair Tells the Tale
One Visit to the
A LaMode Beauty Shop
Solves the Problem.
1 h
- ^ : 1
' ' . . . j ..i 'V;-rjTirfr- i ii n
. .MANS FR
Endicott-Jc
WORK SH
* . ' * ' ' ' - . *
The best known work shoes
Comfort have won for them th
^ WITH MILLIONS OF FEIEN1
.... ..k f - \JL
IThis Blucher in - jegj
brown and Black
Elk is built for ex* /$3m3
ceedingly long ser- MMW
vice. Very wggflgj
moderately
priced at
$3.25 "
Visit 6\ir Bargain Basement ai
other values in good Shoes for
Lever's Bargai
1613 Main St.
r i -n' ' ..
^i
| THE IfNtVB
We wish to annou
have oil hand a i
cars and we are ea
- carload in a few J
Also several iised
DuPreAutt
: : j fk-irfw vvjj --r ?i ? * *?' '. ?V4?'.VJi
?: l>exingt*i
ft
imffiWtnu
Mr* and -Mrs. Art-hie Kefcler spent
Sunday-.with tb?- former's parents, ;gp|j^P8
'
.n<? chcld&?*ipfeiit Sunday *Hth Mrs.
3a?lJ**fftoi*% parents, Mr. *nd Mrs.
V.;D; 6MH(ii J* tmH
^ EW-. iteafer tnade a bueiieae
trip to thd city Saturday.
1 - ' .v
Mr; Rudolph Keister dined arith
rlr. Cromer -Keosldr Sunday .
l-CJUJas Oirirs: Keisler spent Sundap
vjth 'MjU?8 Mae- And Lcswe
:rout.
Mr. JRenzor Ketolpr .-spent Sunday
/ith Messrs.- Sila,s-and Gnllle ICdls
Mr. J. H.' K?Mer tfnd ! family
pent Sunday* ttftemoorlAt Mr. J. A.
teieler*s.
Mr. -and Mrs. Oren -Ii'ndler have
new visitor at -their -house. You
nay. be : sure he is vefcy ' welcome.
it.' Llndler is" wearing a 'smile as
>road as-hiA-face because,'* Ifs a boy.
Mr. and Mrs... J. A. Cfrout and
on, Caiiieon, spent Sunday at Mr.
. A. Kelsler's. .
M/ss. Annie Keialer spent Sunday
rith Xise B^hel McCartha. v
Mr. and-Airs., Fletcher Price'vlstcd
Mr.. .Price'a slater. Mf. and
Irs. Maxie Crout at Lexington Satirday
night and Sunday.
Air; and Mrs. J. M. Keialer and
Irs. Lona Ptflce, weVe shoppers in
.eesville Saturday evening.' Quite a
umber of folks visited at Mr. Oren
.intlier's Sunday.
^m
HEDGEPATH
PICTURE
FRAMING
SHOP.?Pictures framed in all
kinds to suit your order. Automobile
wind shields .and head lights.
Seasonable' prices for first class
worfc. .Mail orders given prompt attention.
Phone 3089. 1047 Main
ptreet, Coljunfeija. 8. C. lt-p
" i i" m mm I in n
IEND r " \ ~
ihnson's
IOES " ...
in the world. Wear and
ie name of "THE SHOES
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