Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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f' Styr Stapatrh-Nwiia Lexington, S. C. Entered at the Postoffice at Lex. ington, S. C., as mail matter of the Second Class. J Subscription Price Per Year, $1.50 fjf CASH IN ADVANCE. ADVERTISING RATES Obituaries and in memoriams, one cent a word. Cash with order. Cards of thanks, one cent a word. Cash with order. want acis, one cent <x ?uiU insertion. Cash with order. K. ' " i. :r Make all remittances payable to SLIGH & WALKER. Address all communications to The DispatchNews, Lexington, S. C. Phone 119. WEDNESDAY, MAY 3, 1922. Bj?r / TAX PAYING. The county treasurer has asked us to call attention to the fact that on June 1 the tax books will close, and as there are approximately 5,000 people in the county who have not] paid their taxes ne is expecting <x i busy time at his office during the closng days of the month, and therefore he wishes all who possibly can to pay their taxes at once. He also states that of the 5,000 who have not f. paid their taxes at least half of them owe only poll tax, and it seems that they could pay the dollar at any time. We bespeak for the treasurer the cooperation of all the citizens in making the work as light as possible at the last of the month by coming forward with their tax money now. UNSIGNED LETTERS. I We are forced again to call corres. pendents' attention to the fact that cannot and will not publish any Jed&munication which is not signed by the writer. Recently we have received several communications of V more or less interest which we were tfti$ble to print because the writer omitted his or her name. We want to print all the news and Other articles of interest, but cannot ?v\ do so unless the name is signed. Bear , this in mind when sending in anything for publication. 4 " KNOWLEDGE IS POWER. In a great factory one of the huge power machines suddenly alked. . In , apite of the exhortation, language, oil and general tinkering, it refused to aven hudge. Producton slowed down y -: . , ' * ... and the management tore its hair. ... . At last an expert was called in. He carefully examined the machine for a j/ few minutes, then called for a hammer. Briskly tapping here and there for about 10 minutes, he announced v that the machine was ready to move. And it did. | Two days later the management received a bill for $250?the expert's I'-' & tee. The account was a righteous man Who objected to overcharge. He dejf.i tnanded a detailed statement of the V " account. I:- > ? . 1 ' vHe received this: To tapping machine with hammer $ 1.00 To knowing where to tap.... 249.00 ?Kansas City (Mo.) Buzz saw. ^ I ^ | ^ OLD SOLDIERS GOING TO DARLINGTON REUNION. fc.tr All the Confederate veterans and others going to the state reunion which meets this year in Darlington on May 17 and 18 are requested to notify Col. Marion D. Harman at once. He has received instructions from that place to advise the committee on entertainment as to how many . ' will attend from this county, and it is necessary for him to have the names before this can be done. Reduced rates on the railroad will be in effect for the veterans. BE RID OF THAT ACHE If you are a sufferer with lame back, backache, dizziness, nervousness and kidney disorders, why don't you try the remedy that your own neighbors recommend? sk your neighbor! Julius Lambert, machinist, Lex. ington, says: "I suffered with my back and found it hard to get around. I couldn't stand without my back hurting badly and when I once got over I couldn't straighten again. A dull ache across the small of my back bothered me a lot and it felt as though there were a hard sore knot in my , back. When I turned it felt like a knife stab. I couldn't rest and my kidneys acted too freely, especially at I night. The secretions burned in passage and I felt pretty mean until l began taking Doan's Kidney Pills. Doan's fixed me up in good shape and I am glad to give them my recommendation ." ; * 60c, at all dealers. Foster-Milburn Co., Mfrs., Buffalo, N. Y. LIMITATION OF RESERVE BANKS. Recently Governor W. P. G. Hardnig of the Federal Reserve Board made the following significant statement to the public relative to loans for farmers: "The Federal Reserve Banks are by law forbidden to lend money for purposes of speculation, no matter what the security or length of time. Holding crops for better prices is speculation, no matter what the security or length of time. Holding crops for better prices is speculating the same as holding stocks and bonds or real estate for better prices. "In fact, there is nothing to speculation except holding for a higher price. Reserve banks are permitted to rediscount agricultural paper with maturity of six months or less, provided the purpose of the loan is to plant, cultivate, harvest or market crops, or breed, fatten or market cattle. But if the money is wanted for the purpose of holding crops off the market after - .*.i ui /? 1 j. they are harvested, or to noia cauie on me marKei for the mere purpose of increasing prices, then reserve banks are not permitted to rediscount the notes" According to this interpretation of the Federal Reserve Act a farmer may secure a rediscount of his loan from a bank for six months in which to plant and cultivate his crops and then secure a loan on the products for a period of six months in which to market them. This means that twelve months is the full limitation for supplying farmers with loans to produce and market the crop and that the whole business must be cleared up within that period as no renewals of loans will be permitted under any consideration. The question of the slow and orderly marketnig of cotton and other staple farm products so as to regulate the supply to meet the needs of legitimate consumption is not only disregarded, but it is held that such procedure is noth ing short of speculation. Indeed Governor Harding takes the position that the holding of farm products off the market by farmers at any time and under any conditions is a character of speculation which the Federal Reserve System will neither condone nor permit so far as rediscounts of farmers' paper is concerned. This rule is to be strictly enforced against all member banks of the System from now on. Farmers are already reporting that banks from which they have borrowed money with cotton as collateral security have reCentl^r ?nfi-Pin^ onnVi ?afoo rrmof Ko titVion ^iiq nr IJ UiUlll U1U1/ OUV/li uut^o muot uv poiu Tf IAVll ViUV/ vx the coton will be forced on the market. This arbitrary rule does not appear to be enforced against any other line of business, not even against dealers in cotton after the staple leaves the hands of the farmers. . It seems that the farmers have been made the "goats" of deflation in the beginning of that debacle of wreck and ruin to the nation and are now to be held to certain hard and fast rules, which, if not relieved in some way, will force the farmers into a system of slavery to capitalistic domination more severe than the negro slavery of ante-bellum days. If the farm products of the Nation are to be dumped on the market as fast as harvested it means that the producers will always be penalized with low prices, which is ever the penalty of violating the legitimate laws of supply and demand. Farmers^cannot meet the rules laid down by Governor Harding and they must have created for them a system of agricultural credits which will be totally divorced from the present methods employed by our commercial banking. The quicker Congress comes to the relief of American agriculture in regard to this vitally important matter of agricultural finance, the better it will be for the farmers and the welfare of the entire country. THE EIGHT HOUR DAY. The eight hour work day has been generally adopted for all Government employees and for labor employed on railroads and in practically every department of industrial life. Not only has the old twelve-hour work day been reduced to eight hours, but the pay of employees has been correspondingly increased with the lessened hours of labor. The main reason assigned for reducing the hours of labor in industrial and governmental employment was that shorter hours would tend for more efficient work and that laborers and employees of all kinds should have more time for leisure, social improvement and enjoyment. The laws and general sentiment of the whole country have for years been committed to this policy and a change back to longer hours would be impossible. The short eight-hour day has not yet, however, been adopted on American farms, nor has the question ever been taken up for serious consideration. But it is coming and will be adopted as one of the economic reforms in fu' ture farming. The reform of shortening the hours of farm labor gained momentum during the World War when wage labor that was scarce and high in price, insisted upon the "sun to sun" proposition with from one and a half to two hours' rest at noon. The widespread agitation and adoption of the "daylight saving time" by the Government and cities of the country during that period, had much to do with the shortened hours of farm labor employed by < the day or month. Farm labor everywhere saw employees going to their tasks after sunrise and stopping off several hours before sundown. The extreme scarcity of farm labor at that time and the highly inflated value of wages, together with the impelling desire of the farmers to produce abundantly at every hazard, made it possible for such labor to shorten hours at increased pay. Prior to the World War, when labor was plentiful and cheap in price, it was the rule on most cotton farms to go to work at daylight and leave the field at dusk. This system utilized every moment of daylight, whether the days were long or short, in hard physical labor. Cotton farmers have generally followed the plan of engaging their physical activities on the work of the farm from daylight to dark. This plan resulted in arousing the family before day, getting the wife into the kitchen by lamplight and breakfast . served before the sun appeared over the Eastern horizon. When night came the worn-down physical energies de manded immediate rest in sleep so soon as the supper was i eaten and the table cleared. Has this system paid the farmers, their wives or their children? There has been no time for a few hour's daily recreation, rest and improvement of the mind by reading or social enjoyments during the week. It has meant one endless day of slavery to work year in and year out, resulting in overproduction of crops and underpay for labor and capital invested in the industry. If the industrial world can prosper and progress on eight hours a day devoted to working activities, why cannot the same rule be made to apply with economic and social advantages to the farming industry of the countryThe world nowadays has no respect for the man or woman who toils from daybreak to dark. It might be argued j that shortened hours on the farm would lessen production of ample food and feed supplies which the more favored populations of the towns and cities require for their subsistence and also advance the cost of living. Phis would be a God-send to the farmers, because they are today smothered with debts, trials and afflictions because of surplus production and stagnated markets. It will be an impossible task for the farmers to properly educate themselves, give their families the necessary pleasures and improve their social status and environment so long as their whole lives are poured into the fields of production- Fewer acres to the plow, more intensive cultivation, increased yields per acre and shorter hours of labor, is a safe, sane and economic plan for the agricultural industry to adopt. Many farmers may at first disagree with this revolutionary idea, and feel that the more land they can cultivate and the harder they work the greater the crops and the larger the returns. But statistics of the past, based upon i facts, do not show this to be true. To make farm life attractive and profitable, production of staple products must be controlled and more time given to the social and mental improvement of the farmers. | r THINGS OUT OF WHACK. i There is something vitally wrong with the business and government of a country when the agricultural inj dustry is floundering in bankruptcy while certain special privileged financial and other lines of industry are in a condition of prosperity. The farmers generally are without finances or credits and heavily involved in debt. The prices of staple farm products continue far below the cost of production even though demand has increased for such products very materially within the last six months. Union labor has generally maintained the inflated wages forced upon the country during the World War and the daily wages of such labor is being stabilized by governmental ?? 4-Vii-i oi?ft /?rm/?OYTl oH TTniATI <XULI1U1 liy 3U iai aa UlC lamuauo aic tviiw^iivui woavw labor, engaged in the various crafts and industrial occupation, is receiving an average of from five to eight dollars for eight hours' work per day. Farm laborers in the cotton belt, whether working for wages or as tenants or sharecroppers, are unable to earn an average of more than fifty cents per day working on an average of twelve hours. Railroad rates have so far been practically undisturbed by deflation because of the stabilization of such rates by Federal authority. Interest rates on loans to farmers contniue as high as the law will permit to avoid the violation of usury laws. There are so many retail merchants going into bankruptcy and settling with creditors for from ten to twenty cents on the dollar and marking down goods to fifty cents on the dollar cost, that it is paralyzing the trade of those merchants who have so far been able to weather the storms of artificially enforced deflation during the past two years. It is generally conceded by expert statisticians who have investigated the situation that the American farmers as a whole have sustained losses in the values of their farm products since the summer of 1920, aggregating the enormous total of Twelve Billion Dollars. This equals the cost of the World War to the nation. The estimated net losses of deflation to the cotton growers during 1920 and ,1921 on the drop in the price of cotton alone, is placed at $2,300,000,000. .These losses are estimated on farm products and do not include the heavy depreciation in land , values and farm improvements. It is known that a very large proportion of these enormous losses on the values of farm products and depreciation in lands, is still represented in unliquidated obligations held by local bankers, supply merchants, fertilizer dealers and other institutions in the form of frozen or uncolleetable credits. As these debts were contracted during a period of the highest inflation of money, labor and supplies, it becomes a question of serious concern as to how and in what way or how fast ----- , they can be liquidated with deflated money ana a continuing market which will not pay the cost of producing staple farm products. The Federal Reserve Board has recently taken the po- ; sition that all short-term farmers' loans rediscounted by ; that system will be only for planting, cultivating and harj vesting crops, and not for the purpose of holding farm , products off the market for slow and orderly selling. This construction of the law will make it imperative for farmers whose paper has been rediscounted by that system to sell their cotton as soon as ginner or other products, no matter > whether such markets be glutted and prices below the cost of production or notAny system of agricultural finance based upon such arbitrary rulings and enforcement will wreck the markets and bankrupt the farmers. The arbitrary rulings and official dictation are not enforced by the Federal Reserve r banks in any other line of business or industry. The farmers have been singled out to be made the "goat" at a time when they are in a helpless financial condition and ,L unable to protect themselves. Rehabilitation of American farm life will be impossible under these conditions and Congress should, without delay, enact an agricultural credits system absolutely divorced from the Federal Reserve banks. Evils of Constipation. Perhaps the most serious of the di>"uses caused by constipation is appendicitis. If you would avod this dangerous disease, keep your bowels regular. For this purpose Chamberlaic's Tablets are excellent, easy to take and miid and gentle in effect. SALE PERSONAL PROPERTY. Notice is hereby given that the undersigned will sell a; public auction, to the highest bidder, on Friday, May 5, eginning at 10 o'clock, at the home place of deceased, near Irmo, the following personal property of T. \Y. Loriek, deceased: One mule, automobile, two wagons and farming implements, and other personal effects, food and feed stuff. Terms of sale cash. E. II. KLECKLEY. 2t-e Executor. THE T()I LET TABLE. Your toilet table or dresser will not be complete ir. its accessories until you visit our Toilet Goods Department and see all the Toilet Specialties and Bath-room Requirements that we are now offering to our patrons at reduced prices. Perfumes, Toilet Waters. Hair Tonics, Talcum Powders, Face Powders, Face Creams, Massage Creams, Rouge, Etc., both imported and products of the most famous American perfumers.' Every article guaranteed to be the best in its class and the prices lowest consistent with quality. In addition we draw your attention to our Rexall high grade stationery all at cut prices. . HARMON DRUG CO., 2w i-vvingioii, S. C. WANT ADS FOR SALE?Big type Poland China pigs subject to being . registered. Price $5.00 to $7.00 per head. Also a lot of Brabham, Iron, Clay and Cow Peas at $2.10 per bushel. *' A good one horse wagon cheap. E. H. Addy, Leesville. S, C, . 3t-c FOR SALE?Pope motorcycle, two cylinder, two speed, in good running order. Fully equipped; t mileage*, 2,500. Apply to E. Q, Shull, Lexington, S. C., Rt. No.. 4,. lt-p \ .. ... WANTED?All. car ownev? to know that we have a new .. method of charging Batteries in fr.ora five to twenty-five; minutes. , Jt will pay you if you have any, battery generator or starter .trauble( jto see us. We guarantee all of .t our work. , . * v' * ' v' Steele & McCartha,. Lexington, S. .'J C., R. F. D? 5... ;ni 5t-p-3T. ~ _ < ? 1 * ?., 11 OFFER one million pure Porto Rico potato, plants grown from treated potatoes, immediate shipment. Dollar sixty per. thousand yia express. Guarantee safe arrival.. (Pays to buy good plants, G.,JDerrick, Lancaster, S. C. 2t-p v;. - : * FINAL DISCHARGE. ? Notice is hereby given that we will apply to W. F. Hooh, probate judge for Lexington county, S. C., on Saturday, May 20, 1922, for. final discharge as administrators of the estate of Susanna . Frick, deceased. L. B. & \\\ E. FRICK, Administrators. . .NOTICE.' I, the undersigned, do hereby forbid the courts to sell my land or the puoiic to ouy my lanci. as i am noiaing sixteen (16) bales long staple cotton in standard warehouse No. 1, Columbia, S. C., to pay the indebtedness on this land and bank notes. I will sell this cotton as quick as prices ,j is sufficient to pay these debts. These lands is made to George W. Miller, his heirs forever. Take notice these lands have no .assignor at all. Also no trespassing allowed on these lands in any shape or form... The public is forbid to work roads on these lands. I am under agreement to U. S. mail order department to keep the mail road in passable condition at all times to come. This notice is a permanent notice. ?? 5t-p-31 . GEORGE W. MILLER. 1ARGAIN LOT of Asbestos Rubber Shingles. Good covering, fireproof. Mrs. G. M. Harman, Lexington, S. C. i I DING CULTIVATOR?One riding Cultivator used part of one season, for $3.".00 cash. Come quick; it's a bargain. Enterprise Hardware Company. PEOPLE'S PRESSING CLUE 'leaning. Pressing and Dying Good Work and Prompt Se: 'hone 131. Lexington, S * .OST?One telescopic casting (pa.rt fishing tackle), on Aug highway between Lexington Patesburg. Liberal reward for turn to C. E. Leaphart, Lexing S. C.