Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Section One Pages 1 to 16+ Pages i 1 6 V O L L M N NIN , S C., W E D ESD A , F B R U A Y 2 , 19 0 *N O WILSON APPOINTS NEW MINISTER President Wilson Appoints Chas. R. Crane to Represent United States in China. RECALLED FROM POST BY TAFT Several Things I Want to Knog About Before Accepting, Says New Appointee Washington, Feb. 24.-(By the As sociated Press.)-Charles R. Crane, of Chicago, business man, millionaire and world traveler, who was appointed minister to China by President Taft in 1909 and recalled while on the way to Peking for "talking too much,' has been selected by President Wilson for the same post to succeed Dr. Paul Reinsch. Mr. Crane's selection by the Presi dent reopens a chapter of diplomatic history which although forgotten by many was one of the most lively in cidents in American foreign relations. It was quite generally stated, and believed by many in touch with for eign affairs, that Mr. Crane's recall in 1909 was at the instance of the Japanese Government which was re ported not only to have regarded his appointment as offensive, but objec ed also to a man whom Mr. Crane was taking as a private secretary and adviser and who was guite well known for writings construed as anti Japanese. None of the real inside story of Mr. Crane's recall appears on such diplomatic documents as were per mitted to become public and as the records stand President Taft changed his mind about Mr. Crane's fitness for the post in the far east after agreeing with Secretary Knox that Mr. Crane had "talked too much" and had been "indiscreet" in some of the speeches he made while on the way to San Francisco to take an army transport to China. Mr. Crane came again into public notice during President Wilson's ad ministration when the President of fered him the post of ambassador to Russia, which he declined. Later Mr. Crane was a member of the commis sion headed by former Secretary Root which went to Russia, and he has gen erally been regarded in government circles as one of the few men who were "close to the President." Of course the Chinese Government has accepted Mr. Crane as being per sona gratta as it had been in 1909 otherwise, according to diplamtic procedure, he would not have been selected again. Whether the Japa nese Government knew of President Wilson's intentions to send Mr. Crane to China can only be a conjecture, for while it is not customary for one government to consult a third gov ernment on its selections of diplomats to be accredited to another power, some oflicial folk in Washington feel that in view of the previous incident in which Mr. Crane figures and the general aspects of the situation in the far east President Wilson wouldl not have selected him without feeling that his appointment wvould cause no dlisagreeable incident be tween the United States and .Japan. M~r. Crane was appointed minister to China by President Taft in Septem ber, 1909. and in Chigaco, while on his way to San Francisco, at a com plimentary luncheon, qluoted Mr. Taft as having told him of America's in terest in China's welfare and having add~ed that wvhether Mr. Crane madle a speech he ought to "speak it out red hot." That utterance seemed to at tract no particular attention and later Mr. Crane attended another luncheon att which Wu TPing Fang, Chinese mini ister to the United States, empha sizedl the friendly interest the Uniiite:] States had in China. The storm did not br'eak, however, until a month later when in San $Francisco Mr. Crane got a brief tele gram from Secretary Knox, on the eve of embarking, ordering hinm hack to fjashington. The reason for the sudden change was not made public at the time, Mr. Crane professing igno rance, of it, but dliplomats in Washing ton began talking about his speeches and it began to leak out that some one was offended. It finally developed that a story appearing in a Western newvspaper accredlitedl to Mr. Crane and repre senting him as attacking the Man churian agreement between Clina and Japan were the real causes of his THOSE WHO WILL S[RVE ON TE JURY Court will convene here on Monday, the 8th, of March, Judge H. F. Rice presiding. GRAND JURY R. W. Chewning, Davis Station E. C. Geddings, Pinewood G. M. Smith, Manning D. M. Bagnal, Wilson Lee Geddings, Paxville W. J. Brunson, Summerton J. S. Ridgeway, Mlanning N. L. Broughton, Pinewood A. S. Rawlinson, Davis Station C. IH. Castine, Turbeville S. L. Huggins, Manning T. E. Lee, Alcolu. Holdovers J. W. Mathis, Summerton H. J. Tisdal, Paxville J. L. Napier, Jordan J. W. Thigpen, Manning J. W. Gamble, Turbeville S. R. Venning. Manning. PETIT JURY-First Week. J. M. Ridgeway, Davis Station J. Henry Gibbons, Turbeville J. S. Davis, Davis Station A. G. White, Alcolu A. G. Beard, New Zion Cooper McKenzie, Lake City J. M. Lee, Alcolu T. J. Lowder, Alcolu R. W. Coker, Turbeville Jas. M. Turbeville, Turbeville H. C. Wheeler, New Zion J. B. Holladay, Silver W. P. Welch, Turbeville J. B. Buddin, Turbeville .J. P. Buddin. Turbeville H. A. Plowden, Manning Thomas Nimmer, Manning H. H. Medlin, Summerton .J. M. Hudson, Alcolu R. H1. Reaves, Mayesville W. J. Dennis, Turbeville W. S. Ward, Manning W. S. Iolladay, Manning E. L. Fairy, Silver T. W. Flemning, New Zion H. B. Richardson, Summerton W. N. Rush, Sardinia R. R. Woods, New Zion .J. M. Cantey, Summerton F. R. Dingle, Summerton L. M. Allsbrook, Wilson F. L. Thomas, Turbeville F. P. Burgess, Manning J. T. Murray, Manning C. A. Harvin, Summerton J. P. Tucker. Wilson SECONI) WEEK JURY J. M. King, St. Paul W. M. Ilodge, Paxville W. E. .Tames, Summerton .J. P. Gibbons, New Zion Leon Weinberg, Manning E. 0. Rowe, Summerton N. P. Coker, Turbe, ilk M. E. Worsham, Lake City .1. W. Ridgewav, Jordan, Nevil Floyd. Turheville A. E. Felder, Pinewood G. T. Worsham, Lake City .T. P. Thames. Mannino: .J. TT. LeGranci. Summerton .J. W. Perry. Alcol .1. R. Allen. Turbeville McKnight Stuckey. Summerton .T. Howard Broadway. Manning .. IT. D'k's, Sunmmerton ,J. E. Jnes. Summerton .ulieu Weinbere. Manning W. M. Lewis. Manning J1. IT. Go'ddingrs. Paxville I. P. Hlarrington. New Zion J. J. Brou hton. Pinewood J. I W. ('hilders. Dlavra Stat ion R. Ml. C. Player. Tlurbeville .T. 11. Blackwell. M1annine . M Rarninr Rich",rdso", Pinewood .1. V. Co r'i'ri n Suniertion C'. 1T. Wilson. Summerton .1. S. Richardson. Pinewood A. . Philluns. S1n-merton I.. A. IBrunson S'immerton I. A. Richburg, Sum merton the .Japanese press and caused' a con siderable reaction in J apan ovri the suJpposed( view of the new minister from the Unite~d States to China. Secretary Knox, issued a statement saying that while in the dlepartment preparatory to leaving for his pos;t Mr. Crane had learineud from minor of ficials that the government was mak ing an examination of those agree ments and "without the knowledge or authority of anyone coninected with the department gave out ai newspapler story to the effect that this govern ment was prepairing to prioits against some of the features of the agr'ee mients and that the p'romulg~ation of the protest only awa ited the return of an othliil who was to formulate it." Secretary Knox's oflicial statement added that Mri. Crane had "'adm itte-l having an indiscreet talk with a re porter" and that he had "'reluctantly reached the conclusion that the good of the service dlemands that I shall inform Mr'. Crane that his resigna tion will be accepted and I have (lone so)." President Taft toll1 Mr-. Crane that he concurred in the views of Secretary Knox and "greatly re grettedl the circumstances." Mr. Crane announcedl at the time that he had never seen the offending article but assumed full responsibility for his connection with it, "purely In cldental" as that cnnnction wna More Letters Toba OUR TOBACCO MARKETS Mr. It. D. Cothran Ahswers a Recent Letter of Mr. Sprott. To the Editor of The News and Cou, ier: I have read very recently an arti cle that appeared in your paper on the 1'lth instant. This article was written by Mr. C. R. Sprott, of Man ning, S. C., in answer to an article written by myself and published in Monday's News and Courier. Mr. Sprott seems to want some more in formation on certain plhases of the tobacco question. This is a subject that has been much written about. It is -like cotton, it would require much time and many volumes to hold or con tam what could be written or said about tobacco, its method of cultiva tion and handling, curing, marketing, etc. It seems that I have not made some phases of the tobacco question clear to my friends mind. I do not doubt this in the least, and if I was to write an article every day this year some one would see what I wrote in a dif ferent light from what I did. I do not know just how my good friend Sprott stands on the grading of to bacco. I believe he stated that he thought I was correct In saying that North Carolina and Virginia tobacco brought more money because it was graded firstly; secondly, because it was a better quality. Tobacco could not be sold in North Carolina and Virginia without grading as I referred to in my previous arti ele, simply because this is the custom :and the companies that buy it require it. I also stated that grading was a great deal of trouble and very ex pensive now with the present labor conditions. But I would like to say to my good friend Sprott that there isn't any law against a man grading his weed if he wants to in the Pal metto State. I can only speak for one. I am not going to myself un til I am forced to by the companies that buy our tobacco. We had grad ing in South Carolina once upon a time, away back in the incipiency or beginning of the tobacco industry in South Caroline. This did not last but a few years, and the companies that bought the weed had it relegated to the dim past. Now, my dear Mr. Sprott, the tobacco warehouseman did not do this or cause it to be done. It was done by the tobacco companies. I wish once again in passing to make myself perfectly clear on this phase of the business that I am against the grading from a farmer's standpoint, personally. I say this because I had rather sell my tobacco without the trouble of grading it. But on the other hand, if any of my farmer friends think differently from me and want to grade their tobacco, I haven't got one word to say. The tobacco warehouseman in North Carolina or Virginia make more out of the ware houre business than is made by the South Carolina warehouseman. lie gets more to sell the tobacco than we do ,and this is because it is grad z'd. My friend may think me inconsistent i saying this, but I am p'rfectly honest in my views about the grad ing of our tobacco. I also wish to make it. perfectly clear that I am not taking this view because I am buying tobacco and shipping it to North Caro lina ior Virginia to be groied and re sold, as my friend accuses us of do ing. Now what Mr. Sprott says he is in terested in is that he wants me to give him and the tobacco grower some in forma tioin about the wa rehouiseman and so-called speculator buying up hiarge qJuantit ies of the South C arolhai c'rop of tobacco and shipping it to the Old North State to be grideh aindI re soihl. I am a little surprised at my good friend C. R. Sprott for asking me a quest ion like this. Mr. Sprott has been thioroughlly familiar wvith how~ the South Carol inn tobacco is ha ndled for yea rs, anzd he knows full well that, the obacco wa rehiousemen standI bet ween the fa rimer andi the buyer and ilo all in the ir powver to obita in goodl equi itable Prices. The tobacco boughtI by the wvarehousemian from dhay to daoy is puit bac(k on hiis floor and resold a'gain and more frequently at a loss than a ga in. Mr. Sprott says that be is in formed that we sh ip this tobacco and realize from 25 to' 100 per cent. Why if this was true, Mr. Sp rotit. I would no(t wanit to hbe ini the tobacco'V bus iness but one year. It would be equal01 toi owing an oil mill or a fertilizer plant. 1 (do not know any tobacco wvarehousemen that ever made any money by shipping tob~acco. I have two in mind that tried it (out here yearis ago undler th(e ohi( regi me. the A. 'I'. C'ompaiiy, and1 these gentlemien paidl dear for their experience. And well do I remember many shipments that. I imad'e ini those day.s acting as sm'e for a warehouse, and I re (all many shiny lunilks that went over the left shoulder. I had just as r.......nit bavihm valuation as to ry to <ho my living by buying to o- afier the c'ompanies' buyers p iassed~ (over it. aind bid their o - n it. '"r ame buyers h-ive the samie m~ii' s for the same tobiacco in North arelinaI oir Virginiu. Now this might 'annas it did this past season with cotton andl tobacco too- -the price might lie adv.. need after it becomes ,n'"ornt tha ihe wveather' or rains had Ljdared the tobacco crop, and the on the cco Situation companies found out that they would run short on certain grades. I say in this way the price would be ad vanced simply because the law of sup ply and demand govern prices of all necessary- commodities. You will par don, a little digression here, Mr. Sifrott. I want to prove my state ment; I want you to tell me wihy cot ton sold for twenty-four, five, and six cents, in September, five and six cents in September last year and later went to thirty, thirty-live and finally forty cents; and Mr. Sprott, I would like for you to state for the benefit of farmers why you paid us $80 for cotton seed at that time and now that the seed is almost gone you have raised the price to $90, or $10 per ton more? I am only an agent as you put, it, or tobacco warehousman acting for the farmers and protecting their inter est to the best of my ability when they place tobacco with me for sale. It is not the function of the tobacco warehouseman to buy tobacco, but his work is to stand between the farmer and the buyer, as I have already stated, and get all the price he possi bly can ,and it certainly behooves him .> do this from every standpoint. His commission is based upon what he realizes for his client. Now, Mr. Sprott, you doubtless are a member of the Cotton Seed Crushers Associa tion and when you hold your confer ences please remember we poor farm ers here in Clarendon County and try and be as liberal as you can. And now, my dear Mr. Sprott. once again please look well after our interest when your fertilizer association con venes at some water or mountain re sort. When you discuss prices, re member the boys of your boyhood days that are still toiling hard on the farm to make ends meet and also re member your g'ood friend, R. I). Coth ran, that has cast his lot among your n:Itive people. Please leave the prices so we c~an at least get the crumbs. Now, Mr. Sprott, 1 will not write much more this time. I want to set you straight about the stocks of to b.:cco th, . ee hu b b warehusemnen during the wet spell, as you put it. Why these stocks are brought every year, Mr. Sprott. This Scrappy stuf' that you mention as be ing handled with a pitchfork, I will also tell you that this is the way the same grade is handled in Virginia and Noirth Carolina. I wish also to state thL t this particular kind of stuff did] not bring any more with me in Vir ginia this past season than dlid the same grade here. It is true that the farmers tie up more of their sorry tobacco there than they do here. Mlr. Sprott, you said we bougnt this for 1n average of say ; ents and sold it. for huge profits. I do not know but very few warehousemen that realized a0y good mn1ey for their stocks. !ost of them sold early and at a price around G 'ents. I could have sold for this at, one time and would have been much better off if I had. We buy this tobacco at our own price largely and especially the wet grades, and we then take a chance on drying it or losing i.. We do not shil inis tobaicco to I North Carolina or Virginia for a re :m:le. We wait ani get somec export ( I'mpany to comle to our places of Iusmiess and buy it. So this explains the huge profit feature and (goes away with the North Carolina or Virginia resale business. All the tobac'c'o that was. bought oa 1' larket this p1a1st seaso1 was htmlght on order, so far as I have !irn(eI, but a few huired bought by .0essrs. ('11lad Jc'ksv in earl ( y in thlie 'asoni, andl thIis tobaIcco(1 was shi Pped' Stheir lilant in l'am-trni North C'aro '0 to be ledried and may ha-e beel or(I exNPort. so f-ir as I know. f no VOJtha you ' stat i that you w(ould not ehfrthe coil re('tnless of the state' ets mamh inl your article of the 17 r. Serott; 1 am glad you do( not "rS I look ulponl youI as beinug one of3 ("'r v'ery 1etctze.adIko mlt yonI~ w'ouhll not vouch tfor informia Smiolay's News anld (Ilnyj(,. R. D). C'othran, Febru1~a ry 23, 19'.21. Ed itor', the News anid Cour1ie'r. IL is not my des'ir or (3 intent ion3 to ('ontinue(3 a contr ' o'rsy with .\lr. CIot V rar i or any~one else in re'gard toL tthe evils wih-h hav1 e heretofore ex istedi m the tobhaceo miarket in Sout Iim'a o lina. Nothiiing which might lie sail V n remdy anyting thIt iI has PenedI m~ the plast, hut we ennl bv pro01p3'erfort impr llove tihe nmark('tinW co01(dit ions in Lh' futuore. Any'one who loss which the South (ar(olina g,-ow erls have su1st aine on'( (10 ount1t (If our3 J'r'(sent m1arke'tin(1) me((thods. A\t dif ferent Limels duriing thle monthLls of Oc'tobe r and1( NovemberI'l fast year' I was aIt. Wilson, IFlOuay Stirini-s, La ran) ige. an GobI risbor113o Nor1th (Carto Ima1. 1 hleard' from fa rmars in those 't(''ions the I same '(1 compaints5 about dlamiage' to fthe cro'~p5 ('n accoun33t oIf the .July rains that we had hevre. and1 yeti saw t(oneco sold (1on II .' t ' arliousIe floors of some1 of thiose' mar11kets at ilces from 00 ceniits5 to $1 .00 er' le()3 nd(, gr'aded a od tii I, thIat d1id niot bring mlore than(1 40 to 50 cent s per noulnd unfgraded'( Oil thel South1 Car'o 1ina mar11ket. The avera'ge pr'ice inl South Car'olina last year' w~as 20.10 cents per Pou.nd. In North Cariolin~a it .wts ti'3.6i enils ner' plound. I hardly think that Mr. Cothran 01' 0,,,,mm els will contend that there is that much difference in the quality of South Carolina and North Carolina tobacco. As I see it, there are two principal reasons why we get :uch a low price for this crop in South Carolina. The first is that we sell the crop ungraded just as it comes from the curing barn, and the other reason is the shortness of our selitg season. The fact that labor is high and scarce is no argu ment against grading tobacco, because it is a self-evident fact that all to bacco has to be graded by some one before it is manufactured, and the grower pays the cost of this grading whether he does it himself or allows someone else to perform the service for him. When a manufacturer or speculator buys tobacco ungraded he necessarily allows an ample mrgin inl price to cover the cost of grading. In addition to this he is bidding on a pile of tobacco that may, and often does contain several different grades vary ing in value from say 10 to 50 cents, per pound. When the buyer reaches this pile of tobacco on sale he has less than one minute to sample it and de cide what he will pay for it. It re quires no argument to convince any sensible man that it is absolutely im possible for anyone in these circum stances to tell what a pile of tobacco of this character is worth. The con sequence is, that the buyer offers a price which he knows is well within the limit of safety. He is not to bet blamed for this policy because it is impossible for hint to know how much of each grade is in the pile. So the farmer not only lays for having his tobacco graded by someone else but in most cases, sells his tobacco at the price of the commonest grade in his pile. Mr. Cothran says there is no law in this State to prevent a man from grading his tobacco. That ist true ,but it is also true that the buy rs for the principal companies will not bid on a pile of tobacco that is graded and tied and offered for sale on a South Carolina warehouse floor. It is also true that they will not buy tobacco in North Carolina or on any other market in the United States that is not graded and tied. The eason for this is plain. South Carolina tobacco is the first to come on the market, and when it first be came an established crop in this state, the largeo comn ni ies decided to use the same set of buyers on both the South and North Carolina markets. To do this, it was necessary for them to buy the South Carolina crop as quickly as possible so that they could get their buyers on the North Caro lina markets the latt< r part of Au gust. The crop in South Carolina then averaged fifteen to twenty mil lion pounds a year and practically allI of our farmers were new at the game. Most "f them planted only a few acres 'nid rearded the money which they received for this crop as rather a side issue to their general farming opera t ions. Times were hardg money in July nad August was practically ai nllkniown iuanitity to the average E:nm1,1ll fan-1 er, and he welteiond a met hol w hich enabled him . l dispose of his crop quickly and get the mony uhich he particularly needed at tha't tet:on of the year. At that time we sold fifteen to twenty million pound: of tobacco itn about six Weeks and last year we sold over eighty-one million pounds in the same lenti oft time. It .catsons an'c at all favtiiable. Soith Carolina will produce Iis year at least. 100000 000 l ~ ouits an I vith th coming of the boll weevil, this tmulint will he t i-bled within rte mext live years. Tobacco has now come to be one of ourt principal nomey erops in I h#" loiwer Sec t ion of the Stat'. iw1 it wvill cont inuet to itreesse in !4i-e amid intlortane as the hill weevil dImon to tIe cot ton) crop initreases. T1. -niount raised la::t yc:tr was entirii I ito i arge' to lbe ''nnki- I - w t i tI' mag ctnitionus art ic ha tn ' i b'fi'n lthe kits, a loss ('vein en-atri'i than t hi' di' last year. ttn is a very tine ilustttion itf wht~ ha~ippents to the fa rmter in seinitg hi tiibacco. Ibirinig thec month if Riep tember tii octttiin se''d ciutaiin a Ith i c pen. tIrtintly less valiuiabli ;imn Ite sat se" I in Novenmbier andl Dcember'. On i c-co tnt tf this high imoiisturit i'oniteti anty miiill nain kiniws thIat. if ht' Iiy sit'ed freely ini SepItembter'i lit' is i , lie buys thIe more domn - hei~ t isb ly to susta:iin. and it' thIt' farmer-is raptidty as they ar inniired t h' tmit man itmust nc'essaiit reducIte Itit i a tiflieii'it amtouniit to taki' care of tiI Jrmtig(' or go lbr' ki' ont Ihis titthlt . Tlii fa rimter, however, whot takieis i, seid home intl Its themit Ity'' tht~oough~v atnid olfris thbt-m for -i latt' in the s ason.t aifter' th' ittills htav' coinsutmed thiri itiry pur'tlchses, iiills want it aint at the timoe wh'ten they moset ineid it. 'ITi' s::nt'e thiin ht'iri-estinug season is at its he'ighlt anti it't t' t' fnom-r of thti Soit h wert' t ''ntton 'cro p ( durttingiic the mothIs of! Sept embert. Octobter i antd November. they wo' -hI sustlain a loss of imill ions of dlollar's becaiuse the markets of the the warehtoisement are the planter's vepresentatives. aud theycontrol the TERE IS NO CURE FOR HOG CHOLERA The past few ojays a number of peo ple have asked me if I knew who was selling a cure for hog cholera in the county. I told them I did not know and assured them that whoever sold any stock food or stock tonic or any other preparation and told the pur chasers it would cure hog cholera was false, both the man who sold it and the stutf he was selling. '.ghere is no cure for hog cholera. So do not be talked into buying a lot of worthless stuff by strangers. If there was a cure for cholera we would have had it here long ago. Likewise the only sure preventive for cholera is the inoculation with serum. Anything that keeps a hog's system in good condition will help, to prevent infection for everyone knows a hog in good condition is less liable to get sick with any disease than a hog whose system is already weaken ed, but the only sure preventive is the serum treatment. Upon a little inquiry I find a large amount of this so-called cholera cure has been sold in this county and the people who have bought it have simp ly thrown away their money. I have also questioned one of the men who sells this stock tonic and who denied that he had sold it as a cholera cure. If he didn't some of the other men who are with him did for I have had several men come to my ofhce and tell me that it was sold to them as a cholera cure. I advised those men not to take it out of the depot when it came, nor to pay for it. ou may sometimes; think you are getting something better or cheaper from agents who go through your county in a week or two taking or ders anI giving great promises with thin goods, but in most cases you will find you have been stung. When you w.ant something get it from your reliable business men at home, if they haven't got it they can get it for you. A. M. Musser, County Agent. "WET"' BILL1 WINS IN .1ElSIn FIGHT Trenton, N. J., Feb. 2.1.-Amid scenes of tumult and cries for recog nition by memhers on the floor aft-er two hours' debate, the New .Jersey 1louse Assembly late this afternoon passed a compromise "wet" hill, fix ing : 1.2 per cent alcohol by volume, which is declared to Ie slightly stronger than the 2.75 heer of war time ttrohibit-ion days, as the legal limit. for heverages in New .Jersey. The hill was. agreed to by wet. Dlemo crats and wet Republicans and had the sanct io nof Governor Edwards. world cannot absorb these crops in thIat length of time. ITnce, the of ficials of the American Cotton Asso c'iationl acre urging the necessity of ;!irt: l unu-ket ing tint-outgiout the Wt ah Sit h <to'::rolis " Ih n o the re verse of tis po).li is the mul. We Col rmene h:caestin' to- last w eek ini -ln 111, li.iish, up t},u latter part (!f A' re Utst. The arehouse ass wiation ftt' t tim . t ltn :sa date for t'e warehoises t< open usual& tarmtlt wlt't :l , ! l clish r date the h st swix' in f- : t . I y this hit of co o neraition betwen the war1ehu1tsemen :.t i the !ar1"t;, of' fit thw entire to baI It1 r3oit pi o'.f'Sot t iro3 IIln is fortced "nthe nurot h'r i iinttrirt period of tie sthan itt tks It' lnttvtst the horop. fain fl ''p h n i not1'tlt ~''1 th)3 I \f')( fith' necdt t'-fo t'top in anyr m t'i tf inxep v tuni i (h e i st. we ue h willgt.~':, th ' Mnningbou. C.,s imrFeb. 23, 1920.