The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, September 15, 1915, Image 6

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T11K LOSS IIAY b i . b BR i CAPTURE SARI BAIR BUT ARE DRIVEN BACK t W IS BLOODIEST BATTLE Australians Capture Lone Pine Hill, Slaughtering 5,000 Turks in Trenches-Failure of Corps to Co- S operate Allowed Defenders to Sweep Colonials From Heights. A special cable to The New York Times describes the recent fighting on Gallipoli peninsula. The writer, c Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett, is a corre spondent of The London Morning Post. Says his account: Since the great battle, the greatest fought on the Gallipoli peninsula, closed on the evening of August 10, -both armies have been busily engag ed in consolidating their new posi tions, in taking stock of gains and losses, replenishing their ammunition and munitions, and reorganizing' the divisions, brigades and battalions which of necessity become intermin gled in this rugged mhountainous country. Since my last cabling I have had ' time-to visit the ground over which the Anzac corps advanced in'its des perate efforts, extending over four - consecutive days, to reach the crest i of -Sart Bair, commanding the ridge 1 overlooking the Dardanelles. The New Zealand infantry, the Gurkhas, and. some other battalions almost -reached the objective, but were unable, through no fault of their own, to hold their position. A bat- i talion 'of Gurkhas actualy reached the crest of the plateau, but the Turks, taing advantage of the con flesio, couter-attacked in great foree, and the galant men from the 1 hils were drive from the crest to lower s beneath. It was-a bitter -disappointment to have to yelinquish the crest when it ahmost seemed to be within their grasp after so many months, but -'ther. was no alternative. The Anzac corps fought like lions and accom pUshed a feat of arms in climbing these heights almost without a par alleL- -AU through, however, they were handicapped by the failure of the corps to make good its positions on the Anafarta hills, farther north, and- thus check the enemy's shel S 1re. When all the detais of these com pleated arrazigements are collected and sifted, they will form one of the most fascinating pagestof the history of the whole war. It was a combat giofants i a giant country, and if one -point stands out more than an other it is the marvellous hardihood, -$ tenacity, and reckless courage shown y the Australians and New Zealand rdr. -o In order to enable the forces de taied for the main movement 'for ar, which. it was hoped, would :iuto the occupation of the Sari nir positlon' from Chunuk Bahr through Q ill to Koja Chemon Tepe, it Was necessary to attract the ene my'attention toward the south and - 'orce him to keep his troops in front Fot our liaes lin position while the Umain force'debouiched from the An 3 scepsiton-on Lone -Pine-a position slnted on a plateau four hundred, ethigh, southeast 'of the Anzac ' Rthe Austrailans rushed forward to Rthe assaplt with the fury of fanatics, ~~>'aking little heed of the tremendous Gjishrapns~Ahe and enfilading rifle fire. .On -ashn the trenebes the great aasse-was to force a way in, for cor was-so strong and- heavy it Shdto be 'torn away by main 'force. -0 roups of men effected entrances at __wions points and..jumped in on top of the Turks, who fought furiously, .2e aught as they were in a trap. Some in mrrendered, but the majority chose ~ odio ightin. In. every trench and sa and dugout desperate hand-to lea Ughting took place, four 'lines e(trenches .being captured In' sno swerin and fresh inafantry being pwrei as the advacing lines were sessnad b losses. m hs ghting bonnha played the uat impiotant role, and it was ounly keepig up and' increasing the -iJlthat the Austragen were able tifSlioid the-position after it had been n.The Turks massed their force, --~ or- three nights and drys made ~ counter-attacks, frequently a re~~gsections of the line, -only to driven out again. stuge -in this extraordinarystgge ' b'~uich took place ahnost under: ~wanboth. sides fought with utter ~-~>~rdof life. The -wounded and: - -dead choked the trenches alnost to he~ top, but the survivors carried on: the Aght over heaps of bodies. In spite of Immense reinforcements with -most -determined courage the Aus - ralans held the ground thus won, and finally the Turks wearied of the struggle. The trenches were now merely bat 'tered shambles, and the task of re moving the dead and wounded took days .to accomplish. The bodies of -one thousand Turks and Colonials were removed from, the trenches --alone, while hundreds of others lie outside. The total Turkish losses in: this astion alone are estimated at - - ve thousand, chiefly incurred in malous counter-attacks, aniong which e~-audh bomb bet with fearful effect. 'This capture of Lone Pine is the -most desperate hand-to-band fight that has taken place on the penin sula, but this was but a diversion and -'reliminary to the main movement northward, which began the same - evening under cover of darkness. No finer feat has been accomplishedr in th course of the war than the man unr i which the troops destined for the main movement against Sari Bair ~z ridge were deployed for the attack. Millions of rounds of ammunition and thousands of shells were success fIly concentrated at advance posts without the enemy becoming aware - of the movement. Neither did he 1 know of the strong reinforcements which had reached the Australian -corps. All this required the utmost skill, and was successfully kept a profound secret. It was at nine p. m. August 6 r when the force destined to attack ~ old No. 3 post crept forward from ~ the outposts. For nights past the navy had thrown searchlights on this t and other lower positions and had bombarded them at frequent inter- . vs-ls. This procedure was not de parted from on the sixth, and the Turks had no suspicion of the com lng attack. When the lights were a switched on to another position the d 'Australians dashed forward and t speedily captured the positions in g -succession, and throughout the night t Bauchop's Hill and Big and Little Table Tops were occupied. p By the morning of the seventh our 0 whole force was holding the front h from Damalrielik Bahr to Sazli Dere r< and slowly moving towa-rd the main ii Sar-i Bai position in face of great a 'difficulties, harassed by the enemy's c snipers and checked by the difficul- \' ties of the ground and the scarcity of t1 water. I At dawn on the seventh the left of b our line had reached the Asma Dere ti long way toward Dehunuk-Bahr. I he advance on the morning of the-' inth was preceded by a heavy bom ardment at Chanuk Bahr and Q Hill y the naval and land guns. The ad ance of No. 3 column was delayed y the broken nature of the ground ad the enemy's resistance. Meanwhile the Gurkhas advanced allantly up the slope of Sari Bahr, nd actually succeeded in reaching be heights on the neck between Cha uk flahr and Q Hill. It was from ere that they looked down on the oardanelles, but were unfortunately nable to hold the position in face of iolent counter-attacks and heavy hell fire. During this time the Turks count r-attacked the left column in great trength. and the column was com -elled to withdraw to the lower lopes of Sari Bahr. Meantime throughout the day and tight the New Zealanders succeeded a maintaining their hold on Chanuk ahr, although the men were thor ughly exhausted. During the-night f the ninth the exhausted New Zea anders were relieved by two other egiments. At dawn the Tenth regi aent of the Turks, who had been trongly reinforced, made a desperate ssault on our lines from Q $ill and ,hanuk Bahr. To the strength of a ivision,.in successive lines they hurl Ad themselves, quite regardless of heir lives, on the two regiments rho, after desperate resistance, were Iriven from their position by artil ery fire and sheer weight of num )ers, farther down the slopes of the 7hanukBahr. Following up their success, the Lurks charged right over the crest uft endeavored to gain the great ;a1ly south of Rhododendron Ridge, idently with the intention of forc ug their way between our lines and he Anzac position. But they had -eckoned without our artillery and hips' guns. This great charge of ,our successive lines of infantry in -lose formation was plainly visible to tu our warships and all our 15at ;eries on land. In this section the rurks were caught in a trap. The nomentum of their charge down hill wrevented them from recoiling in Am, ad they were swept away by mundreds in a terrific storra of .high rxplosive, shrapnel, and common ;hells from the ships' guns and our owitzers and feld pieces. Never since the campaigh started ias such target delighted the hearts f our gunners. As the huge shells !rom the ships exploded huge chunks Af soil were thrown into the air, uimd which you saw human bodies arled aloft and then chucked to mrth or thrown bodily Into deep ravines. But even this concentrated artillery fire could not have checked the Turkish advance unless it had been assisted by the concentrated fire aften machine guns at short range. Por half an hour they maintained a rapid fire until the guns smoked with eat. During- the whole of this time the Turks were pouring across the front in dense columns, attempting to at tack our men. Hardly a Turk got back to the hill. Their lines got .mixed up in a wedge, as those in front tried to re tire, -while others-pessed them' from the rear. Some fled back over the rest, seeking to regain their trench s, others dashed downward to the ravines. ,n a few minutes the entire divi sion had'been broken up and the sur vivors scattered everywhere. Thus, if they succeeded in driving us from the crest of Chanuk Bahr, the Turks paid a terrible price for their suc-1 aess. Thus closed, for the time being, amid these bloodstained hills, the iost ferocious and sustained "sol iers'battle" since Inkermann. 461,537 BALES GINED -- -UP TO 1ST SEPTEMBER First Report of the 1913 G~nning Season is Issued-Suthi Caro lina.Totals 4,294 Bales. Cotton growth of 1915 ginned prior to' September 1 amounted to 161,5317 bales, counting round as half bales, according to the first dinning 'eport of th'e season issued Wednes ay by Zhe bureau of census. That :ompared with J 80,317 bales, or 3 er cent.*of the entire crop ginned to september 1, last year, 799,099 bales, >r 5.7 per cent. of the entire crop, nned to that date in 1913, and 73 0, $40 bales, or 5.4 per cent. of the en ire crop ginned to that date in 1912. Ginning prior to September 1 by tates, with comparisons for the last ree years, follow: Alabama-1915, 38,366; 1914, ~6,241; 1913, 12,824; 1912, 40,501. Arkansas-1915, 320; 1914, 521; L913, 1,293; 1912, 81. Florid-1915, 4,701; 1914, 5, ~14; 1913, 2,960; 1912, 1,832. Georia1915, 133,161; 1914, 36,,286; 1913, 72,352; 1912, 34, ~26. Louisiana-1915, 5,785;. 1914, 3, 83; 1913, 7,449; 1912, 1,724. Mississippi-1915, 4,615: 1914, ~,689; 1913, 2,062; 1912, .442. North Carolna--1915, 354; 1914, 68; 1913, 177; 1912, 674. >klahoma-1915, 8; 1914, 288; 913, 5,106; 1912, 272. South Carolina - 1915, 4,294, 914, 14,633; 1913, 7,284; 1912, l,260. Tennsse1915, 2; 1914, 26; .913, 9. Texas-1915, 269,626: 1914, 168, 85; 1913, 665,871; 1912, 674.249. *All Other States-1915, 105; .914, 1,233; 1913, 4. *Includes Arizano, California. Kan as, Kentucky, Missouri New Mexico aid Virginia. Statistics include 8,947 round ales against 356 last year, 7,610 for 913, cand 7,434 for'1912, and 2,099 ales for sea island against 1,74S ast year, 436 in 1913 and 232 for 912. [EFUSES TO MAKE CAPITAL OUT OF FOREIGiN APPAIRS ilson Requests New Jersey Demo rats to Withhold Anything Like Expression of Confidence. President Wilson through his sec etary Tuesday let it be known that e does not propose to make political apital out of his efforts to keep the nited States from being involved in ae European war. In a letter addressed through Sher I Kinkaid of Hudson county, the t-o of the Bayonne strike, to New ersey Democrats, Secretary Tumulty nnounced that the presidcnt did not esire to take advantage of the "ex -aordinary situation now existing to ain some personal advantage irough an expression of confidence."1 For the second time in a year the < resident thus urged the party men1 his home state not to embarrass im by voting an indorsement of his1 cord. The letter is more interest ig for what it does not contain than t hat it does. There is nothing in the ymmunication to indicate that Mr. I ilson would not accept a renomina on for president if the whole De- t ocracy of the country desires it,< t there is the plain spoken word at he does not wish h is neighbors (HE WAR LASTWEEK hi W rE RUSSIAN RESISTANCE BETTER. b GERMAN PREGRESS SLOW A n p WHAT fiEHMANS PLANNEI h c: C] Expert liscusses the Probable Inten- P tions of the Teutoni General Staff t t When it Began its Vast Operations I Against Slavic Host in Last May of This Year. The Military I xpert of the New i York Times writas: Of all the news that has come to r us from the eastern theatre of war, g no more surprising has been given c out almost since the war started than t that of the transfer of Grand Duke f Nicholas from the command of the fi main Russian army to the command i of the main Russian army to the com- f mand of that confaratively insignifi- C cant portion of it serving against the Turks in the Caucasus. The order of the Czar, the titular t commander-in-chief, effecting this t liange, was filled with encominums i of the services the Grand Duke had < rendered. But these can not paliate i nor deny the fact that the transfer I was a distinct humiliation. No reason was assigned beyond the t fact that the Czar, seeing Russian territory so seriously invaded, felt it I incumbent upon himself to take the 9 field and do his share either to repel I the invaders, to check their forward progress, or both. This statement is sued by the Czar is capable of two constructions. One is that it is due to that tradi tional egotism with which monarchs I in strongly centralized governments. are endowed, which led Louis IIV, I when France was at the height of its monarchical glory, to state "l'etat I c'est moi.'' The Czar may truly feel ( that to conduct the campaign by a S military council of wLich he himself c was the active head would accomplish I more than the individual rule of the i Grand Duke had done. The other construction that might be put upon the Czar's order is polit- 1 ical rather than military. It would 1 be but natural for many people to 1 murmur at the fact that the Czar was T far from the front in his capital, en joying the luxuries of life and living E in comparative ease, while his coun- a try was seriously invaded and his armies were being constantly d-riven 1 back. These murmurs might well have forced the decision of the Czar to take the field in person. In such a case the Grand Duke would at once cease to be the com mander-in-chief and would be under the direct orders of the Czar. Such a situation could produce intolerable results. Judging by all reprts, the army wanted the Grand Duke at its head, and the people regarded him as their hero. For another, even though that other be the Czar, to rule while the Grand Duke was present would be to invite discontent into an army already sorely tried. The only alternative was to assign him to a command far removed. The future only can prove the wisdom or folly of the move. Swapping horses while crossing a stream has never proved a particularly happy military procedure. We do not have to go be yond our own borders for a~n illustra tion of the evils attendant on such a change in the midst of a campaign. In the civil war the head of the Army of the Potomac was good for one bat tIe, and only one, before losing his command. Beauregard, McClellan, Burnside, Hooker, 'Pope, Meade-all had their turn, and the first battle1 of Bull Run, the first campaign -in the Peninsula, -Fredericksburk, Chan cellorsville, the second Bull Run, and Gettysburg followed. It was not until three years had assed that the folly of such changes became apparent, and Grant was put 1 at the head and permitted to remain. Moreover, the titular commander-in chief- is not usually r, practical mili- I tary mind, and is, therefore, not necesarily the best head for an army ) in the field. Lincoln, gre."t as he was as a deep thinker** along absolutely straight 1 lines, and with all his far-sighted- 1 ness, failed ,utterly in' his attempts, 1 which Halleck as his adviser, to con trol and dictate to the armies in the field. Whether Russia will pay the same price for the change remains to I be seen. The military critics of this country, i and of Europe as well, were unani mous in their praise of the Grand I Duke's strategy both on the offense I and defense. His extrication of the I Russian army from its dangerous po- 1 sitions in Galicia and in Poland: his I retreats from fortified places only af- I ter stripping the mand sending every thing of military value to the rear these were considered the fruition of the plans of a master strategist. Handicapped as he is universally ac-I knowledged to have been by lack of 8 heavy cannon and of shell, he is con- E sidered by the best of our military C writers to have accomplished all of ( which the situation and means at his disposal made possible. Hiss passing from a post of first importance will be a source of regretC to all those who admire military E genius in the abstract, regardless of sympathy for the cause for which itt employs itself.f The first part of the week saw a very decided stiffening of the Rus sian resistance throughout the entire t front, but particularly in the Riga , district along the Dvina river. .al- I though one of the fortified bridge- il heads-that at Lenewoden, near a Friedrichstadt-had already fallen. s This section of the battle line is prob- g ably the most critical point on the g whole Russian front. i If the Germans can hold the cross- C ings of the D~vina river, and conse- n quently can cross in force at will, it c is difficult to see how Riga can re- g main in Russian possession. Evacua tion of the town would seem to be a li necessity, and with its fall the Rus- ti sian position between the Dvina and ti Vilna would be immediately in jeo- Ii pardy. t] Monday's reports from Berlin re- 1U fleet the difficulty offered to further a advances by the marshes with which F he country in which operations are now being conducted is liberally s sprinkled. They also emphasized the a increased resistance of the Russians a is evidenced by heavy and numerous younter-attacks. Apparently the Rus- VE sion ammunition supply has been a, somewhat increased, either by ship- it nents from Japan or by removal of a >art of the war material with which tI 'ladicostok has been congested for tl ack of transportation facilities, al Subsequent reports during the c< veek contain announcements of some fC mimportant advances, the only point fE f vital interest that has been taken el >eing the bridgehead at Friedrich ;tadt. In the neighborhood of this o~ atter place the fighting has been si ommensurate with the importance of ei he control of the Dvina river. Ui In spite of the ~fact that the Ger- ol nans have taken the two bridgeheads1 n14 it Lenewoden and Friedrichstadt,. , e hey seem to be in far from sufficient : M ontrol of the Dvina to permit their|P1 rossing in force. The Russians have czr rossed and recrossed the river. driv- mn ng an being drivcen in turn, though )w it seems that they are securely ?ld in position on the east -bank. The Dvina is not a particularly 1 ide stream, but it is deeu, with a 1' Lpid current. In their retreat the ussians undoubtedly destroyed the ridges, thus forcing the construction I pontoons as a me^.ns of crossing. 1 s these would have to be placed ader fire the delaying of the Ger an advance is reduced to its sim est proportions. South of the Dvina the Germans ave been very slowly pushing east ard. But with numerous rivers to -oss and the great marshes in their th, combined with the increased ef ,tiveness of the Russian defensive, ieir progress has been unimportant, iough undoubtedly gains have been ade. The situation, however, is not iaterinlly different from last week. Froi. cursory reading of the re orts from this front for the past six eeks it must seem that the Russians ave suffered a series of disastrous efeats, one following the other in apid succession. with hardly a sin le successful effort on their part to heck the invasion. In a sense this is rue. All of the fortresses in Russia's rst and second line of defense have llen and the Russians are now fall 2g back on the natural defenses af rded by the terrain, the principal f which are the great marshes. But the defeats have not been dis strous by any means. Warsaw and he forts around it guarding the Vis ula, the Bug, and the Narew all fell nto German hands after Russia had ompletely stripped them of every hing of military value. Novo Geor iewsk alone remainod ebuipped and :arrisoned and announced its inten ion of standing a siege. It w is evidently abandoned to its ate, as it completely closcd the navi ation of the Vistula as long as it eld out and at the same time retrzd d the German advance. The loss hen it fell was great. It was ex ected to be. and that it should even ually fall was certnin. The length of time it held out, iowever, was so shon that it does not ,eem as if the gain in time for the 'etreating Russian army was in any ay commensurate with the loss in nen .nd munitions. This w.s, how ver, carefully considered by the Rus ian commander, ase he undoubtedly unted the cost before he decided to >ay the price. Equally undoubtedly. t fell in a much shorter time than he iad anticipated. This defeat stands !.1most alone, iowever, in the category of "disas rous." The Russian army, except or its shortage of munitions, is in al nost as good condition as it was six reeks ago. Its losses. hr.ve been ;reat, it is true, but Russia has an Llmost limitless resource of men on hich to drsw. On the other hand, he Austro-German losses havo also >een great, and their possible reserve s much more Aimited. A vast territory has changed iands, a military f3,t not to be made ight of. But, given the necessary-in truments of war, the Rusnian army an still fight, and the past week has hown that its fighting power has yeen depleted but little by the re rerses it has met with. As has been repeatedly s-,id in hese reviews, no matter how much erritory may change hands, no mat er how deeply the Austro-Germans nay bite into the Czar's land, one hing and one thing only lan justify n a military sense the tremendous Lxpenditure of men and m'.terial that ias been made since last Ap7.il when he movement against the Dunapec ine was begun, and that is a definite lecision. To reach this, Germany Is strain ng every nerve, every resource, real zing that the passing of each day yrings neare'r first the rainy reason nd then thie winter, and reduces the hance of her ultimate victory. In order to press matters to an is neGermny's entire plan-is to comn >el the Russian armies to accept bat le, and Russia has no desire to chal enge a decision at this stage.. If ermany can'achieve her purpose and ins the mdisaster to Russian arms ias occurred and all of the German acrifice. has been justified. If she can not force Russia into his position, the situation as it now ~xists and as it has existed for weeks will continue definitely, Russia going ack and still furth~er back, Germany iriving forward with losses out of all >roportion to results, getting further Lnd further from her home bases, be oming more and more involved in he unfavorable terrain and unding. he difficulties of moving their indis ensable artillery increasing with ~very advance. The world knows that Russia is >urely ,an agricultural country, has ew railroads and almost as few good iighways. When to this is added the opographical character of the coun ry in. which operations are now be ng conducted and which grows worse Is the armies~ move east from their resent positions, the difficulties of ransportating and distributing sup lies and munitions, particularly eavy shells, seem almos.t insuper The German reasoning that result d in the attempt to eliminate Russia eems now perfectly cdear. If the rovement began on scheduled time nd all things German do--the gen rastaff could count on five months f excellent weather, from May 1 to ctober 1. With -the knowledge the German ntelligence department could and ossibly did furnish, all details of the ondition of the Russian army, its quipment and its supplies, with its ources of both, were considered. 'his consideration undoubtedly led to le belief that a concentration of ef 3rt would make these five months fficient. At the beginning, that is. during e month of May when the Russians ere driven from the Dunajec line to 'rzemysl, it seemed as if this reason ig were right and that the Russian rmy would be broken. But at the an the Germans were cheekea; and ronm that time the Russians, while oing back, have retreated slowly and 1 good order and, excepting at 'Novo eorgiesk, have left to the Germans othing of military value, nothing ex lt abandoned forts stripped of their uns and denuded of supplies. With Warsaw evacuated and the ne of the Vistula firmly in their con o1, the Germans had before thenm iee alternatives-first, to hold the ne of the Vistula defensively, which iey could do with their own borders iperfect security, and strike west ;ainst the French and British on the rench front: second, to hold the istula line and strike south to as st Turkey in Gallipoli and Austria ~ainst Italy: or. to continue in the ;tept to crush Russia. They chose the last, and be'gan hat was practically a new advance tainst an enemy, fewer in numbers, ferior in artillery and munitions, in1 titanic movement to accomplish in te few fighting days still left before Le rainy season what they failed to complish in the four months pre ding-to settle Russia either by reing a peace or by a comflete de at so that their full force could be erted in other fields. This decision against Russia can Ily be obtained by compelling Rus s to) accept battle. Up to the pres it time the Rtussians, appreciating eir inferiority in fighting strength men and munitions, have shown indication of being willing to ac ~t the gage thus thrown down. hether the assumption of the su eme command by the Czar will use a change in this attitude can i i be foretold. r SEEK U CREDIT BRITISH AND FRENCH FINAN= CIERS ARRIVED FRIDAY MAY BORROW MILLIONS Anglo-French Financial Commission, Consisting of Six Members, Come to America-Are Expected to Act for Russia as Well as Their Own Nations. The Anglo-French financial com mission of six members, deputed by Great Britain and France to adjust the foreign exchange situation in the United States, reached New York Fri day aboard the steamship Lapland from Liverpool. They were met at quarantine by J. P. Morgan, of the Morgan firm, who escorted them to their head quarters. The commission will meet a committee of New York bankers in the library of Mr. Morgan's home and enter upon the first of a series of negotiations looking toward the es tablishment of a big foreign credit loan. The Lapland was convoyed .by two British torpedo boat destroyers through the war zone. A formal statement issued on the commission's behalf, was the only expression made by any member of the party for publication. This state ment issued at quarantine reads: "This joint Anglo-French mission under the chairianship of Lord Reading, which has been sent to the Unted States In connection with the question of exchanges between New York, London and Paris, arrived this morning by the Red Star steamer Lapland. The British delegates are the Right Honorable The Lord Read ing of Erliegh, G. C. B., K. C. V. 0. (the lord chief justice of England), Sir Edward Holden, Bart., Sir Henry Babington, Smith, K. C. B. B., C. S. I., and Mr. Basil P. Blackett, C. B., of the British treasury. The French delegates are Mor.s. Octave Homberg, representing the French Treasury, and Mons. Ernest Mallet, director of the Banque de France. ."The object of the mission is to consult with the American bankers and others as to the best means to be adopted for regulating the excanges between New York, London and Par is, in order that the commerce and industry of the three countries may suffer as little as possible during thE course of the war. Mr. Blackett will act as secretary of the mission." Members of the commission declin ed to confirm or deny the report that the commission would act for Russia as well as Great Britain and France. It was understood, however, that the report was well founded and that the result of negotiations looking toward this end already are believed to be in progress in London among the fin ance ministers of France and Russia and the British chancellor of the ex chequer, would be communicated by cable to the delegates here. It beame known Friday that Can ada, probably for the first time in the history of the dominion, is to boe consulted in negotiations for the-con templated flotation of a foreign cred it loan. W. T. White, Canadian min ister of finance,-according to an Ot tawa dispatch, has left the dominion capital to join the commis'eon in New York. The increased recognition thus given' Canada int he affairs of the British empire is part of the new Im perial policy of knitting closer the bonds between the mother country and her colonies because of their sac rifices and loyalty in sending troops and supplies to Great Britair'; ai(" in the war., .The first thing, apparently, con fronting- the commission is the mak ing of a program for meeting Ameri can bankers and discussing the sit nation. Much preliminary work, It is believed, will have to be ,disposed of before actual terms are discussed. The commissioners reached New York, it was said, unfamiliar with the situation and not knowing the Amer ican viewpoint, when they are in iformed on these pants they will take up the details of the proposed loan. Ths, It is believed, will be a joint affair, with Great Britain, France and Russia participating. It has been reported that it would approxibate five hundred million dollars. The interest rate, it has b)een said, would be at least five per cent. The size of the contemplated loan, the interest rate and other details, however, were matters which the commission de clined to discuss. In leaving England the commis sion sailed without placing .their names on the Lapland's passenger list. They boarded the vessel only a few minutes before she left Liver pool, on September 1. Customary precautions were obesrved aboard during the passage through the war zone, lights being dark~ened and port holes covered at night, while the life boats were swung outward at all times. Long after leaving the war zone the lights were kept darkened till Thursday night, when the Lap land was almost within sight of Sandy Hook. FAVORS STATE SYSTEM OF WAREliOUSINGi COTTON Governor Manning Recommends Offi cial Gra-der for All Cotton in State Warehouses. "I am in favor of a state system of warehousing cotton," said Gov. Man ning in Columbia Tuesday. "How ever, I intend to recommend to the next general assembly certain changes in our present state system which I believe will safeguard our warehouse receipts. The changes in the system which I intend to recom mend are: "First.. That managers of the ware house in the state system be disin terested parties, neither owners of the warehouses nor of cotton stored in them. "Second. That cotton in ware houses in the state system be graded by an official grader. "Third. That the state warehouse :ommission have inspectors and ~veighrs to visit the warehouses in the state system and check up the umber of bales in thenm, the weight f the bales and the grades of the cot ton to see if these are as represented n the state warehouse recipts. If the receipts for cotton ware oused under-the state system repre-< ets the value given on its face. It elieve that it ill be eagerly soughtf and readily accepted as security for t loans, declared Governor Manning. Governor Mlanning said that if lie ere in a position to make rules to overn cotton planters in marketing this season's crop he would provide that no cotton was to be sold below the cost of production, that the whole crop was to be sold slowly: that none f it was to be sold untii the price reached the cost of production or just over it and that the marketing of h otton by individuals take place only' n ENGLISH NAVY iOES TO SEA; CRUISER LION BADLY SCARRED Ship Which Led Attack Upon Ger mans in North Sea Has Been Patched Up. The last unlooked-for privilege al lotted the American correspondent who was permitted during the last week to visit the British grand fleet in harbor was that of passing the en tire fleet in review as it got under j way and went to sea, forming a line of tremendous dreadnoughts which stretched across the water as far as the eye could carry, with scores of destroyers and light cruisers scouting on either flank. Orders to get under way came while the visiting party was on board Admiral Jellicoe's -flagship. The guests were sent back aboard a de stroyer, which took up its station at 1 the harbor entrance to watch the fleet go by. First came a squadron Of light cruisers and destroyers, which circled about the -harbor en trance at high speed, the destroyers in particular dashing hither and yon, foaming through the water at thirty knots. "Are not German submarines waiting outside?" one of the officers on the destroyer which carried the visitors was asked. "No doubt two or three are always there," he replied, "but that is why the light ships go out first. They know how to keep them off." After signals had been exchanged and the destroyers and light cruisers had combed the surface of the water for periscopes as far .as the horizon, the great ships of the fighting line began, one by one, to move out and fall into line. The crew of each was lined up on deck, the blue uniforms of England's seamen forming the only trace of color to break thc monotony of dull gray of ships and sea and sky, save where here and there a bright colored signal-flag snapped in the breeze at some giant yardarm. One after another the grim guard ians of England's coasts slipped by' moving with steady precision, each ship keeping such perfect interval that not a foot of difference appeared to exist in the distance between any stern and the next approaching bow. The officers on the destroyer pointed out each ship by name, calling atten tion to the differences in type, from the first dreadnought up to the latest sea-monster, the Queen Elizabeth. One after another while the-watch ers counted, eig ht-sixeen-twenty dreadnoughts went by, and still the harbor seemed as full of ships as it had been, and the leading dread nought was already lost to view in the North Sea mists and the.gather ing dusk when the last iwent by, and gave way to ships of the pre-dread nought classes bringing up the rear As the commander of the destroyer looked at his watch, and with a mur mured apology took his guests to the landing, in order that he might re sume his own place in the vast array, the correspondent had one last glimpse of that tremendous column of fighters, the last not yet free of the harbor, the first long since van ished into the distance-and he won dered what Armageddon of the sea beyond the power of the human imag ination .to realize might result should the German fleet venture forth to give it battle. Before,. the fleet went to. sea the Commander-in-Chief, Vice Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, gave his visitors an opportunity to visit all the' larger ships in his command, particularly those that 'have already been in ac tion during the present war.. Of these the most interesting was Vice Admiral Sir David Beatty's flagship, thle thirty-knot battle cruls er Lion, which led the line in the North' Sea battle when the Bluecher was sunk, until a German shell, striking between 'wind and water, forced her to surrender her* place to her _sister, the Tiger. - The Lion showed more marks of rough handling than any of the other big. ships in the fleet, and her offi cers explained that even at that rate she did not give complete evidence of her baptisnm of fire, because por tions which received the heaviest damage have since been completely rebuilt. None the less, there were many patches and scars to be seen on her plating. The officers of the Lion welcomed the chance to talk of the battle, since the Heligoland fight last August the only interlude of excitement in the monotony of waiting. They told of the difficulty they had in persuading Admiral Beatty, one of. the youngest commanders that ever took a squad ron into action, to leave the bridge when the first German salvoer screamed overhead and seek the shel ter of the conning tower. They also told of perhaps the most exciting episode of the entire battle when the crippled Lion was being towed home at five knots, with half a dozen German submarines circling about her like sharks about a dere lit vainly trying to pierce the screen of British destroyers and send home a fatal blow. The Tiger, which, according to the Germans, was sunk in that same ac tion. had actually fewer scars to show than her sister, and the Queen Elizabeth brought home few marks from the Dardanelles save a few new planks in her deck where a Turkish shell burst. Next to the Lion, the Inflexile, another battle cruiser, brought home the greatest number of honorable scars, a few from the Falkland Is lands battle, but more from the Dar danelles, including a piece of the Turkish mine which very nearly end ed her career, kept in the wardroom as a souvenir.1 TURKEY CEDES LAND Bulgaria Announces Cession of the Dedeagatch Railway by Porte. The Bulgarian premier has stated In an interview that the Turco-Bul-i garian agreement for the cession ofC the Dedeagatch railway has been con tluded. The concession co'nsists of the rail- 1 way line, with Karagatch station and a strip of territory two kilometers :leep. The right bank of the river runja has not been ceded. The premier states that the occu-3 pation of the ceded territory will :ake place in ten days. The cere nony will be conducted in the pres nce of Bulgarian ministers and [urkish pashas. Five Hundred Dead in Shanghai. Compilations of the damage which A ame from the typhoon which swept V ver -Shanghai on July twenty show d hat five hundred lives were lost and si ive million dollars worth of proper y was destroyed. n To Protect U. S. Importers. tl The treasury department is taking tps to protect American importers f there is any further decided drop r foreign exchange. C Victory for the Russians. a Petrograd reports: The Russians e~ ave defeated the Germans near Tar- st apol, where they captured thirty p sontinuation are measured by the men and material lost and the terri :ory abandoned to the invaders. Rus Ia can beyond doubt continue to re reat successfully. Before Germany )n the march can fight, she must take ime to deploy. To compel this is he function of the rearguard, which ,ives the retreating army time to widen the distance between it and the )dvance. Again, the Germans can seriously tffect the Russians in the latter's re :reat only by direct action, as in a itched battle or by enveloping the flanks. The former also consumes much time in proper artilldry prepar ition. In the latter case the threat aned wings can retire much more juickly than the advancing troops man accomplish their envelopment. An enveloping movement, there fore, involves surprise as an essential element. This is not and can not be a successful German move, if. for no other reason, because of their great preference for the very heavy guns which natur'ally go to destroy mobili ty. - Inasmuch, therefore, as- it is ap parent the Russian retreat can con tinue successfully and indefinitely un dl weather conditions stop the pur suit, the only'chance for German suc cess is to force battle by driving tht Russians into a corner from which re treat is practically an impossibility. This can best be accomplished by a threat against~ the Russian lines of communications. So far no sucl threat has reached- the menacing point. The Russian commander haE seen to it that the lines to his rear have been kept open and his retreat has been slow, well ordered, and witb no evidence of panic or undue haste. The next few weeks will place be fore us more clearly what Germany may hope to accomplish before win ter. Much will depend on the tem per of the Czar, on the ability of the Russian army -to continue to hold it self together in retreat, and whethei the Czar is of large enough calibre tc sacrifice additional territory, as did Joffre in the west, in order to bE able to strike back at the most auspi cious time. , On the western front there has been almost a continuous bombard ment in the Artois region, north and south of Arras. There have been however, no infantry engagements re ported on this section of the front consequently no advance has been re corded. The most notable event 1t the west has been a renewal of ac tivity on the east slopes of the Ar. gonne forest, where the Germa Crown Prince has again laifnched 2 severe attack in another attempt tc reach St. Mihiel from the north and so invest Verdun. Some ground was gained, but the results so far ar( without significance. Official -reports were expected tbhi week from the Italian front confirm ing the Italian -)ccupation of Rover etto in Trentino, but no such repor has materialized. The Italians have been extremely active on this front however, and have made valuabl captures of important heights. Al the fighting so far has been but pre liminary. In the Dardanelles in spitU of reports pro and con, it must seen that matte-s are at a standstill There is no evidence that anythini material is being accomplished. DR. DUIIBA'S LETTER WhICH CAUSED REQUEST FOR RECALI Austrian Ambassador's Epistle Seni to Burlan in Vienna by James Archibald. Following is a translation of Dr Dumba's letter to Burian in Vienna This Is the letter which, after beinj taken from the American, Archibald by the British, was delivered t< Washington. It resulted In the re quest for the - ambassador's recall The letter was entirely In Dr. Durm ba's handwriting. The envelope was addressed, "Through good oppo-tuni. ty to his Excellency von Burian, etc. etc., etc., Vienna." Noble Lord: Yesterday evening Consul Genera: von Nuber received the inclosed pr< memoia [aide memoire, as it has been called, or simply "memoran dum"] from the chief editor of the local Influential newspaper Szabad sag after a previous conversatior with me and in pursuance of his era] proposals with respect to the prepara tion of disturbances in the Bethle hem 'Schwab's steel and .muinition factories as well as in the Middle West. To-day at twelve o'clock Mr. Archi bald, who is well known to Your Ex cellency, leaves on the Rotterdam oi Berlin and Vienna. I would like tc use this rare, safe opportunity tc recommend the proposals most warm ly to your Excellency's favorable con sideration. I am under the impression that we could; if not entirely prevent the pro duction of war material in Bethlehem and in the Middle West, at any rate strongly disorganize it and hold it up for months, which, according to the statement of the German Military At tache, is of great importance, and which amply outweighs the relatively small sacrifice of money. But even if the disturbances do not suceed, there is a probability at hand that we shall compel, under pressure of the crisis, favorable working con ditions for our poor oppressed fellow countrymen. In Bethlehem these white slaves at present work twelve hours a day in seven days In the week! ! Alas, weak person succumb, become consumptive. As far as Ger man workingmen are found among the skilled elements, provision will be made forthwith for their exit. There has, besides this, been created German private (underlined) reg istry office for providing employment, and which already works voluntarily and well for such persons. We too shall join, and the widest support is contemplated for us. I beg your Excellency kindly to in form me through wireless reply with respect to this letter, whether you ap prove of same. In greatest haste and respectful de rotion. C. Dumba. WASllED TIIRU 250F00T PIPE Sather Suffers Injuries in a Terrific and Unparalleled Accident. Samuel Lash, of New York, physi ians said, probably will recover in pite of one of the most terrible or leals ever experienced by a bather on he Atlantic coast. ~ Mr. Lash plunged nto the bathing pool at Amhert. N. , not knowing that it had been osed for cleaning, and was sucked hrough a awelve-inch outlet pipe, wo hundred and fifty feet long, into he ocean. Lash was -drawn into the >ipe in the position of a diver with ds hands above his head and was ast out a quarter of a minute later wiith both arms broken at the should rr and lacerated from head to foot. I I Wilson for Economy. Economy in appropriations is to be he subiect of a conference between 'resident Wilson and Senate and louse leaders before congress con eens In December. I: I -Boll Weevil Spreads. The boll weevil has made its ap earance in the cotton fields of Ter ill and Lee counties, Georgia, which ,m nowme ara ntined. [ALK$ TO LANSINli )R. DUMBA EXPLAINS LETTER CAPTURED BY BRIISH 0O OFFICIAL COMMENTS kustro'Hungarian. Ambassador Calls on American Secretary of State and Goes Into Detailed Explanation of His Intentions-Would Keep Sub jects Out of Munition Factories. Dr. Constantin T. Dumba, the Aus rian-Hungarian ambassador, laid be 'ore Secretary Lansing Tuesday an axplanation of a letter written by him :o the Vienna foreign office discuss ng plans for withdrawing Austro Eungarian labor from American plants making war supplies for Great Britain and her allies. Neither the ambassador nor Mr. ansing would commeht upon the in terview when it was over. The im pression prevailed in official quarters, however, that the secretary would submit the matter to 'President Wil son, with whom would rest the deci nion as to whether the explanatioxi was satisfactory. The text of Dr. Dumba's letter, re cently seized- by British authorities from ,ts bearer, James F. J. - Archi bald, an American, was cabled to the state department by Ambassador Page at London, and had been the subject of a conference between the president and Secretary Lansing be fore the ambassador reached the de partment. It is understood that the use of-an American passport to shield the mes senger who carried not only the Dumba letter, but dispatches from the German-embassy and other docu ments, was regarded by them as quite as serious a matter as the activities revealed by the letter itself. Mr. Lansing's only statement on the subject was a negative response when asked whether any steps had been taken toward bringing the situ ation to the attention of the .Autro Hungarian foreign office. 'From reliable sources it was learn ed that Dr. Dumba, in making his ex planation, outlined th4 Austro-Hun ,arian view of the plans dealt with in his letter, contending that it contain ed no violation of laws of the United States 'nor offences z.gainst American institutions. So far, ,it was said, no steps had been taken, b~ut the ambas sador had been instructed to give widest publicity to a new decree of his government making nationals liable under martil law for render ing assistance in the manufacture of munitions of war for the enemy. This decree, previously announced, provides punishment of long terms of imprisonment" and even death by hanging, for Austro-Hungarians com mitting the offence at home or abroad. Co-oper'tion in carrying out the purposes of the law, it was point ed out, was held to be mere fulfill-. ment of the duty of ar. ambassador charged with protection of his na tionals.. It was not denied, however, that Austria-Huingary's representa tives, while ther* had no desire to in iure American interests, would not hesitate to handicap in any way pos sible the efforts of their enemies to obtain munitions. At the, embassy it was stated thab Ambassador Dumba expected to see Secretary of Labor Wilson before re turning to his summer quarters at Lenox, Mass. The ambassador is known to be working on a scheme for setting..up an employment burean to take care of men who leave muni tion factories at his instigation. lHe wants the co-operation of de partment of labor oricials in the plan. After seeing Secretary Lansing, Dr. Dumba returned to' the state depart ment and conferred with.. Assistant Secretary Phillips, -in charge of the Western European, affairs division, It was understood that they discussed some matters of 'routine, business. There has been no suggestion that the ambassador had violated Ameri can law, and apparently the only Question is whether the administra tion will regard his acts as breaches of -diplomatic propriety. .. Dre Dumba. himself asked for the conference with Mr. Lansing after the announcement of Archibald's detention and the pub lication in this- country of extracts from his letter. The first information of the fact that Archibald was a messenger to Germany came from London when* the British authorities gave to the New York World's correspondent the !acts. When they were published in America, says the New York Times, Dr. Dumba, the Austro-Hungarian ambassador, admitted that he gave James 3. Archibald, an American newspaper correspondent, a letter for 'lelivery to Foreign Minister Burian In Vienna, in which he proposed cer tain measures to be 'taken to hamper the manufacture of munitions for the Allies in America. 'Dr. Dumba did not seem perturbed over the -detention of Archibald at Falmouth and the confiscation of the letter and other official documents which the German and -Austro-Hun garian embassies in this country had intrusted to him for delivery to home officials of their respective govern tents. He defended as entirely le gitmate the measures which he pro osed in his letter, as calculated to restrict the output of munitions for the Allies. According to dispatches cabled to :his country, the letter written by Dr. Dumba, which was found in Archi sald's cabin on the steamship Rot erdam, represented that "We can lisorganize and hold up for months, f not entirely prevent, the manufac ure of munitions in Bethlehem and he Middle West, which, in the opin on of the German military attache, s of great importance and amply out eighs the expenditure of the money nvolved." This object has to be ac :omplished by means of strikes among the subjects of Austria-Hun Cary employed in the munition ilants. BERLIN TAK(ES SANE VIEW ewspapers See Friendliness and Say Recall Request Admissible, The Berlin newspapers, after see ig the American note to Austria re uesting the recall of -Ambassador )umba, and having read the letter rom Dr. Dumba to Baron Burian, ustrian minister of foreign affairs, -hich caused the sending of the note, iscuss the matter with greater re rve. The Tageblatt says the fact can ot be mistaken that the American overnment has taken pains to keep ie note in friendly tones. The pa er calls attention to the fact that ashington asks, not demands, the scall of Dr. Dumba. and wishes a >ntinuance of friendly relations. The Vossische Zeitung also notes iat Washington avoids the more rupt course of demanding the re tlI of Dr. Dumba, dissolving per >nal relations and handing him his tssports. which. it says, is admis ble in sneh ecas.