Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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SHE FOOLED ALL. A Girl Dressed as a Man for Five Years In New York and Earned a Livin" as a Clerk Without Being Fouud Out. "It's as easy as rolling off a log for a girl to disguise herself as a boy and to keep her identity unknown in New York," said Mrs, Natalie Clark, who says her real name is Mrs. C. S. Pool. 'I have done it five years right under the eyes of the Pinkertons and the police. "Not only that. but I have earned my living as a clerk in a jewelry storc -in one place for three years and in a Maiden Lane shop for three months. There never was a moment when I felt fear of detection." The young woman told Wednesday of the adventures that had happened to her during the five years in which she dressed and appeared as a drap per young man. In spite of her arrest for masquer ading as a man, Mrs. Pool is so en tranced by the freedom of the life, and also by the comfort of masculinE attire that she declared Wednesday that as soon as she could disguise tc outwit the police again she was go ind back to men's clothes. "While I believe it is for healthie for a woman to wear men's attire, discard corsets, and lead an outdooi life, I can tell you from autual know ledge that it is far more expensive t< dress as a man than as a girl. "I found that just by wearing men's clothes I lost a lot of the pret ty traits inherent in my sex, and I learned to look at things from a fa broader point of view. I have beer married twice, but I will never mar ry again, for I intend to lead the life in which I have had my greatest hap piness-as a man-if I can do so with out being detected." Mrs. Pool gives as her reason foi assuming male attire that she want ed to find her husband, who had de serted her, and who frequented th< cafes and pool rooms of the Tender loin "I knew I could not go to thos places as a woman, so one day I mad( up my mind to see how I made up a a boy. I have always lived in th West, and as I am strong and robust I found the clothes looked very wel indeed on me-so well that I scarce ly recognized myself." Mrs. Pool says she was married t( C. S. Pool, a salesman, in the Littl( Church Around the Corner in March 1896, and that afterward her hus band fell into an inheritance and de serted her. "I have often seen him in cafe and restaurants with other women but he never recognized me in m: boy's clothes," she said. "I woui< sit at the next table and her him con verse about various things, hoping i this way to learn his address, but never have been able to find that out Iam seeking him to be released fron him." Mrs. Pool says she is the daughte: of a Russian princess, and that he father, who is dead, was a captain o: a ship playing between Seattle an< Alaska. She was born mn Alaska, an< she says there is Indian blood in he: family. She is a comely young woman, an< there are distinct traces of her In dian parentage in her dark face an< brown eyes. One Million Divorces. According to the census report: one million divorces were granted it the United States between 1887 an< 1906 inclusive. No more imiportan statement has been made for a lons time, for it presents a sad commen tary on marital relations in Amer ica. It is a source of pleasure to u: to be able to say that the courts o: South Carolina did not contribute t< this awful condition of affairs, Wha is the remedy for a condition that i fast converting this country into nation of free lovers? It is time fo: this matter to be dealt with in suci a way as to wipe it out. All sorts of remedies have beer suggested as a cure for the evil The views held by advocates of a un form divorce law that marriages are too easily contracted is flatll contradicted by the experience od South Carolina, where divorces are not allowed for any cause and wherE marriges are very easily contracted So far as we know we have very few unhappy marriages, and a di vorce law if passed could not poll one-fifth of the vote of the State. From this it would seem that South Carolina's plan is the best solution of the divorce evil. We would sug gest that other States give it a trial. The best place to cure the divorcE evil is in the home. In other words, parents must 'teach their sons and daughters that marriage is a sacred institution, and that failure so te regard it must certainly end in un happiness. If the marriage vows areirespected as they should be, there will be less need for law it either direction. Then follow this up by repealing or radically modify ing the divorce laws of the dlfferent states. South Carolina gets along without divorce laws and other States could do the same. Should Be Stopped. Immediately after the flurry in Wall Street two weeks or so ago the New York and New Orleans stock exchanges were closed to gamblers in stocks. The gamblers had put the fint-ncial interests of the country in peril, and they were shut out the ex cht.nge- so as the legitimate busi ness of :he country could have a chance to .- -:over. The suspe:Wion of the stock exchanges was a confes sion that the gambling they allow on their floors is a menace to the best interests of the country. If the sus pension of gambling on the floors of the exchanges for one week is a good thing to do, why would it not be a better thing to suspend gamnblin2 on the exchanges all the time. The men who manage these exchanges should be requested to stop the gambling, and if they refuse to do so, they should be compelled to do so by law. The legitimate business of this coun try should not be allowed to be put in Jeopardy by a lot of gamblers, who have no more principle than a lot of pirates.' It is time to call a LAND GILABBERS' CRIME. Secret Serv ice Man Fouid Dead Under Queer circumstances. Asserting that Secret Service offi cer Walker was murdered in cold blood by persons seeking to intimi date those making an inquiry into the Western land frauds, Chief Wil kie. of the Secret service, and the Department of the Treasury, the Department of the Interior and the Department of Justice have combin ed in their efforts to discover, if pos sible, the true cause of Walker's death at the entrance of a mine near Durango, Col. Two men have sur rendered themselves to the authori ties asserting that they killed the Se cret service man, but that they act ed in self-defense. The other detec tives on the spot, however, assert that the proofs in the case disprove the statement of Mason and Vander wrede, the men in custody. Walker was killed while, with three other detectives, he was in the act of investigating connections of the Un ion Pacific railway, reputed to be one of the concerns in the West engaged in timber grafting. The men who shot him are connected with the Hespers mine, controlled by the rail road. It is known by Chief Wilkie that Walker and the other agents con nected with the Western land inves tigation cases have been threatened with bodily harm at various times, and efforts have been made to dis courage them in their work. Now ,that Walker has been killed. the oth I er men connected with the case are more determined than ever to run their clews to earth, as they are con vinced that the evidence they were trying to obtain when one of their number met his death is what they are looking for. OUT-SAGES SAGE. Rich Nebraska Man Lives on Fifteen Cents a Day. Even the late Russell Sage, the rich money lender, of New York, could not have held a candle in saving to "Tax Title" Seaman, who lives near Omaha, Neb., and manages to exist on 15 cents a day. Seaman is rich, very rich, but he never spends more than the amount stated. He is 60 years old and a bachelor. A wife would have been expensive. He made his money by trafficking in tax titles, hence his nick-name. Seaman says $5 a year is plenty for a man to spend for clothes and still look well dressed. He says it is un necessary for one to spend money for car fare, so long as one is able to walk. Seaman always walks even when he has to go to Kansas City or Denver, good distances away. Seaman lives in a tumble-down shack about five miles from Omaha. He does his own cooking, sewing and cobbling. He walks to Omaha every morning to deal in tax titles and in the evening walks back to his home. He sometimes takes breakfast in town at a place where he says he can zet a meal for five cents. Occasion ally he is extravagant and spends eight cents for his breakfast. This is not often. He lives chiefly on bread and finds nuts a cheap and beneficial substitute for meat. He never drinks coffee, tea or liquor. D~o Not Help Us. The Florence Times says "the far mers of the South need not be dis couraged because the government will do nothing to aid them in their work. It has always been against the policy of the south until these days of "improved notions" for us to ask protection or aid from the tgovernment. We have always had to get along not only without it, but in spite of direct opposition and bur den. The government of the nation has always been adverse in its policy towards cotton and the growers of cotton, even to the levying of a tax on its production, It is the article of all products that has enriched this country, it has been sucked and bled and squeezed until every class and every kind of people in the United States except those who make it have grown rich off of it. Now we are beginning to witness a reversion of this condition. The men who make it propose to get rich off of it and let the other fellows hus tle for something else. When the farmers of the South are prosporous there is no question as to the pros perity of the rest of us. If we can keep our wealth to ourselves we will in a few years be not only the rich est, but the strongest people on earth." This is true, and whsat the Times says will .come to pass in a very few years if we will all stick to - gether and take care of all of what we make. Getting Scarce. The Golden Age says it is a good thing to learn that all peoples and all communities are not departing from the ancient landmadrks in their faith and doctrine. The brethren of Billvilie, as reported by their distin guished citizen, Mr. Frank L. Stan ton, are advertising for a minister. This is the kind they desire. "We want an old-fashion brother to come here and preach the old-fashion re liion. One who believes in hellfire and a iot of it. the whale swallerin' Jo~ah and :oanua making the sun stand stiB. No other need not apply. We want anaan that takes the Bible for better or worse. We'e tired> foolin.' No 1-alf way business for us"' That kind of a preacher is get ting scare, and we fear that the peco pe of Billville will find it had to find the kind they want. The world needs1 old-fashion religion more than it does old-fashion-preachers. Then the world needs that the lay members of the church should live, the old-fash-! ion religion as well as to have it preached to them. If the people will live the old time religion they will soon find preachers that will preach it to them. If the members of the church don't love the old time: religion preached to them. What most towns need is a curfew WILL MOVE CROP. The Bankers of the Stats Meet and Confer About It Despite Tightness of Northern Money Market Banks of South Carolina Can Get Along Unaided. Finding that the scarcety of mon ey was somewhat retarding the move ment of cotton throughout many see tions of the State, a number of South Carolina bankers met in Columbia Wednesday morning for the purpose of hittng upon some plan for reliev ing the situation. Representatives of leading banks in Charleston, Spar tanburg, Anderson, Sumter, Rock Hill, Camden, Darlington, Greenville and other banking centres were here and all the Columbia banks were rep resented. The banks in South Carolina are undoubtedly stronger now than they have ever been, and their very ex cellent condition was gratifying to all the bankers present. Neverthe less ready money is undeniably scarce. Banks have balances in the New York, Baltimore and Philadel phia banks, but they cannot get the currency. The News York Clearing House simply said that it would ship no currency and that stops currency from coming South as it usually does in the fall of the year. Atlanta a few days ago authorized through its Clearing House certifi cates to the amount of two million dollars. These certificates are endor red by all of the banks of the city, and are further secured by one and a half times the amcunt in high class bonds. Macon has adopted Clearing House certificates, and so has Augus ta. Other cities are fast doing the same thing in order to get the ready currency, as the certificates are, of course, accepted by banks in pay ment of debts or exchange is issued for the Clearing House certificates. The difficulty is to get actual cur rency in ample quantities. All banks are holding as much currency as pos sible. The South Carolina bankers, of course, went to help move the cotton crop, and the call, issued by Col. D. D. McColl, chairman of the executive committee of the State Bankers' Association was, as stated, in or'er to devise a way for doing this. The Conference of the thirty bankers who responded to the cal. lasted for three or four hours, and it was finally decided to call upon the clearing houses of Charleston and Co lumbia to come to the relief of the currency situation by issuing fully protected clearing house certificates. Such certificates would enable the banks to handle the cotton crop, and particularly to assist those farmers who wish to hold their cotton, and it was the general desire of all to co operate with the farmers in the de sire to hold cotton and not have it freonthe market in case the farmers elect to hold the cotton. The following resolutions drawn up by Mr. R. Goodwin Rhett, of Charles ton, after the fourth hour discus sion, were unanimously adopted as representing the views of all pres ent. "Whereas the financial disturbanc es in New York have resulted in a scarcity of actual currency so much needed at this time to move the cot ton crop of the South, while our banking institutions are in the best condition they have ever been and, "Whereas this scarcity of actual currency is also depressing the prices of our products and causing them to be sacrificed and, "Whereas some measure for sub stituting a circulation medium in place of this currency is of extreme importance for this protection of the value of our products. "Now, therefore we, the said meet ing of bankers of South Carolina, do hereby resolve, "First, That the Clearing House Association of Charleston and Colunm bia be requested to issue clearing house certificates for the general re lief of such conditions in this State as are above described, I"Second, That all banks in this State be requested to urge the use ofsuch certificates in lieu of curren cy until conditions again become normal." The Columbia Clearing House As sociation will, it is expected, consid the resolution and act upon it as soon as the matter is brought formally to its attention. GETTING SCARCE NOW. In Twenty Years Timber Will &e All1 Gone. "In twenty years the timber sup ply in the United States, on govern ment r-eserves and private holdings, tat the present rate of cutting, will be exhausted, although it is possible that the growth of that period might extend the arrival of the famine another five years." This announcement was made by Gifford Pinchot. the government for ester, who has .iust returned from a six-months' inspection trip, on which he covered 10,000 miles. Mr. Pinchot urged that the dan ger of the situation should not be underestimated. He said that the United States uses more timber per capita than any other country, and that every man, woman and child would be affected. He described the policy of discounting the future of the country by failure to protect the natural resources. About one-fifth of the forest area of the country is in government re serves, but Mr. Pinchot called atten tion to the fact that as privately own ed timber lands are better than the government reserves, as a general rule, the government does not con trol onefifth of the timber supply. The forest service will ask congress for more money and more men in order to extend the service and will push the 'vork of reforesting the de nuded timber lands. Mr. Pinchot says, however, that it is utterly be yond the possibility of the service to meet the situation and prevent seri ous trouble. One hope entertained is the Appalachian forest and an ef fort will be made to protect this and promote the growth there. Too much credit is more danger o-i ta too much monev. BUR1GLAR BADJLY BURNED. A Bold Thief Tries to Enter Store Through Flue. Dave Crawford. a young negro, :30 years of age, has possibly seen his last summer. Thursday night during the "wee small hours," Dave had a desire to vest himself with property that belonged to another without the knowledge or consent of the owner. M. S. Russell, a country merchant. living f' miles sou htof Tuskegee. Ala. Some time during the night Dave went to the house. a small country store. with a stack chimney (store room in front and bedroom in the rear), pulled off his shoes and went on top of the house to make an en trance by going down the chimney. Everything in readiness, he got on top of the chimney and -began his descent. But his anatomy was too large for the opening. consequently he got wedged about half way down and there he had to remain until the next morning, when Mr. Russell went to make a fire. When the fire began to burn, Davie began to "tell the news" and. let 'em know of his un comfortable condition. It took some time to locate him, and by the time that Mr. Russell could get assistance, tear down the chimney and liberate Davie, he was a well roasted negro, from head to foot, although his clothing was not burned or even scorched. A fire had been in the chimney all day, but at time he attempted to enter, it had all died down, but the bricks were un comfortably warm. Davie evidently intended to have goods or blood. for when he was found wedgled in the chimney he had in his hand a 44-calibre pistol. He is now behind the bars with the county physician attending his burns, while he is silently lamenting what might have been. STOLE HIS WATCH. Pickpocket Touched Representative Nash in Spartanburg Postoffice. At Spartanburg Hon. J. Wright Nash, a member of the house of re presentatives from Spantanhurg, was the victim of a pickpocket Sunday af ternoon, while waiting for his mail in the postoffice. The nimble fingered artist lifted Mr. Nash's watch from his vest pock' et during the rush at the general de livery window. Mr. Nash had his time piece in his hand just a fe\ minutes before he was touched. The case has been reportcd to the police but no arrest has been made. HIGHEST PAID ACTOR. Warfield is Earning $240,000 a Year on the Stage. David Warfield is the highest paid actor on the stage to-day. His an nual income nets him something like $240,000. Recently he refused an of fer on the part of Felix Isman, the Philadelphia capitalist and theatrica promoter, of $100,000 a year for tei years. His only obligatioin was t< act at seven or possibly eight perfor mances a week at a daily average oj about three and a half hours. ThE offer was rejiected by Mr. Warfield simply because he was making mor< than twice that amount. The amazing thing about Mr. War field's rise to fame is that 17 yearn ago he began acting in the Miners Eight Avenue theater in New Yorl city a salary of $14 a week. Then h< was desperately poor. Under the management of David Belasco, Mr Warfield began to advance. "Th< Music Master" was the big hit by which he came to his present mone> making position. That play had two year stand on Broadway, and ir all that time the proceeds never fel below $17,000 a week. Warfield will stick to Belasco. Hi declared recently that no money of fer would ever cause him to leavt the man who assisted him to rise Miss Maude Adams is the highes' salaried actress on the stage. Hei annual income is nearly $100,000 and she stops practically all others on the stage with the exception of Warfield Playing With Fire. Those who claim to know say tha1 most of the popular and widely cir culated Japanese newspapers are tylking of war with the United States in all seriousness. If the Japs do noi undertake to administer a sound thrashing to the United States it won't be because the newspaperi have lacked war enthusiasm. It seema the people of the island empire real ly think they could conquer this country. Since they made such a good showing in the war with Rus sia every mother's son of them is suffering from a hopeless case of swelled head. The newspaper at tacks on Uncle Sam are received by the populace with enthusiasm, and apparently all Japan is willing to go Ito war again. The indemnity idea is much talked of. The newspapers argue that if they succeeded in conquering the United States-and apparently they have no idea that their little perfor mance would not be carried out ex actly as they have it programmed they could extort fron? us an enor mous indemnity, which would enable them to maintain their military or ganization. They point out that America is the richest country in the world, and once we were in their power, it would be just like finding a mint, such is their extreme self confidence. In recent numbers of the Tokio Puck may be found a remarkable ex hibition of the Japanese attitude. To kio Puck is the leading humorous and illustrated political weekly of the empire. It represents the most prog ressive spirit of Japan, and advoca tes the adoption of the most advanc ed European and western methods in everything. It is finely printed and well illustrated, and the very latest process of color printing are in evidence. Americans will under stand how progressive it is when they are told the text is printed in both the Japanese and English languages. Japs are rapidly learning to speak and read English, -a study which they COTTON AND CORN. Two of the Greatest Crops Rais ed in the World. A Royal Rivalry Between Then As to Which Is King in the Coinmer cial Marts of the World. During the last month the recog nized rulers of the agricultural world set up their courts in a friendly con test for supremacy. says the Ameri can Farmer. King Cotton sat in high estate in Atlanta; King Corn pitched his tents in Chicago. Each sought the center of their respective do mains, one in the fleecy belt that stretches from the Carolina to west ern Texas, the other near the heart of that vast region celebrated as the home of the prince of cereals. The respective expositions were attend ed by the best and greatest of those devoted -o their respective culture. Those who raise cotton, those who manufacture it and those who deal with it in the marts of trade appear ed in the Georgia capital to sing its praises, to point out its economic val ue to the nation ond lay plans for further extension of its usefulness throughout the civilized world. King Corn had even a more impos ing display. Never before was he honored by so many. Never before did he receive such distinguishec consideration; never before were hi manifold merits so abundantly dis played or so universally recognized Able orators set forth the magnitude and value of the crop. Experts wer< present to demonstrate its value a: food and by practical tests to show the scores of ways in which it coul be cooked to satisfy the appetite o: man. The old paganfest in honor o: Ceres was revived and processions o: maidens sang songs of triumph a. they marched around the throne o; "the great white Czar" of our na tional agriculture. Prizes amount ing to many thousands of dollars werc awarded competitors for excellenc in the production of this imperia grain, It is curious to reflect on the in dispensability to man of these fa mous products. It is difficult to as sign supremacy between the fibe: and the food. One clothes the world the other feeds it. Were there n( other articles out of which to mak< raiment or nourishment, the humai race could get along quite well or cotton and corn alone. As it is, fa the largest proportion of human be ing depend on the fleecy staple of th I South for their covering. An equa number rely upon corn as a direct o indirect means of livelihoo-' No only is it the staple 1read of millions but as feed for stock it also become their meat. Strike corn out of the world and gulf of awful proportions will ap pear. The wheels of commerce woulc stop, gaunt poverty would lift hi horrid head and national exchequer would suffer bankruptcy. Take cot ton away and there will be weepini and wailing and gnashing of teeti among countless millions. The Sout would be utterly ruined and in it calamity would carry down practi ally every other nation of the world For this lordly erop) adds every yea to the wealth of the gulf States mor thaa $2,000,000,000. Withhold th< supply of raw cotton and thousand of mllls in the South, in the East, r England, France. Germany and Asi would be paralyzed. To dethron King Cotton, therefore, would mea a revolution more disastrous tha ever arose from the unseating of merely human king. None can estimate what corn worth to the United States. Even i: the raw it would bring every year billion dollars, but this represent a part of its value. It appears dail; on every table between the oceans It is fed in every trough where ther is a horse, a hog, a cow, a pig o other domestic animal. It is substar tially a universal human food as wel as a universal animal food. It wa shown in Chicago that it could b prepared in two hundred differen ways for the table. -As a nourishe it is unequaled; as a fattener it is un surpassed. Railroads get rich haul ing it and the stock wihic~h it is tb principal agent in preparing for the market. Corn and cotton combined consti tute an overwhelming proportion 0: our agricultural exports. But fo Ithem Uncle Sam's poocketbook wouli be much slimmer and our "unex~ amled prosperity'' would go glim mering. And the United States haypy country, practically monopol izes one of these crops and furnish es two thirds of the world's suppl: of the other. They have made thE United States rich, and are destine< to make it richer beyond the dreazm of avarice. To monopolize one stapl< rop of universal neeessity is enougi to make a country prosperous. T< monopolize two such crops will givE a pre-eminence, a hegemony among nations that cannot be conferred ba armes or navies. No wonder, therefore, that they received at their recent national ex positions royal honors, almost resem. bling reverential worship. Friendl3 potentates, in rivalry not of a hos tile nature, not foreboding war or devastation, but peace and plenty to the struggling children of men. Where cotton grows, the humblest as well as the highest receive some of the wealth dropped from his beau tiful bolls. Where corn reigns, every one, however lowly, partakes of the beneficence distrilbuted by his lordly ear. King Cotton, we take off our hat and acknowledge ourselves your most loyal subject. King Corn, we bow before you and in gentle genu flection offer our most heartfelt de votion. MANY of those who posed as de fenders of the national honor in in 1896 and 1900 are no w in the pen itentiaries for practicing bunco games on the public, and if some others had their just deserts the re cent panic would have been avoided. The men who brought it on are nothing but confidence men, and should be in the penitentiary. A frightful famine confronts the people of India this season. It is worse than the one df 1899, when over one million people perished of starvation. Crop failures in that country have been complete, and it is estimated that forty-five million peo ple will be wholly dependent on the government. How thank ful we ought to be that we live in a land of . J= LVY-AR ATMOSFMRE Photography Throws Light on AD Al" tronomical Problem. An official of the Naval Observa tory at Washington describes one of the methods of testing the question of the existence of a perceptible at mosphere on the moon. This is by the observation of a star at the in stant when it disappears, or emerges from behind the moon. If there were a lurnar atmosphere It should produce tome effect on the appearance of the star. No such effect has ever cer tainly been observed. Recently this method has been ren. dered more delicate, perhaps. by the application of photography. Photo graphs of stars, made as they are about to disappear behind the lunar disk, shows no indications of change in the intensity of the image, such as would be expected to occur if the moon had a perceptible atmosphere. Value of Precision. Three boys in a house were told to go and take the exact time by a clock in the town. The first lad went, looked at the clock, came back and said: "It is 12 o'clock." In after life he became a prosaic book seller. The second boy was more exact. He said on returning that it was three minutes past 12. He be came a doctor. The third lad looked at the clock, found out how long it had taken him-to walk back to the house, returned to the clock, then added the time of his walk to the time of the clock and reported the result thus: "It is at this moment 12 hours, 10 minutes and 15 sec onds." That boy came to distine Stion as Helmholtz, the scientist. Preference of Mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are found to prefer negroes to whites, a black dog to a white one, and a dark-colored rest ing place. Careful tests have been extended in great numbers of anop heles, showing that they choose col ors in the order of dark blue, dark red, brown, red, black, gray and vio let, and that azure, ochre and white are distasteful and yellow extremely so. Confirming these results on 150 mosquitotes, a Swiss malaria expert I has found that three-fourths settle on dark colors. London's Noisy Street. Of the noise of London streets, caused by the hackney coach, Taylor, the old water poet, wrote: "It makes such a hideous humbling in the streets by many churches' doors that people's ears are stopped with the noise, whereby they are debarred of their edifying which makes faith so fruitless, good works so barren, and charity as sold at midsummer as if I t were a great frost. By this means souls are robbed and starved of their heavenly manna." - First British Paper. Courant, issued in London, March 11, 1 1702, by E. Mallet. It was a single - page of two columns and professed to I give only foreign news. The editor, 5 or publisher, assured his readers that he could not take upon himself to give any comments of,his own, "sup' p osng other people to have sense enough to make reflections for 1themselves." The Daily Courant was n 1735 absorbed in the Daily Gazet teer. Origin of Sparkling Wine. SSparklink wine originated in the champagne district in Frar ce. it was invented by a French monk, Dom Perignon, at the end of the .seventeenth century. At first the quantity bottled was very limite-i an increased slowly. A gre.tt impetus was given to it by the wars of 1812 1815, when the invading armies car ried the fame of the champage wins Sall over Europe. Our Best Recruits. SThe recruiting se: geant of today Sdoes not find his best recruits at the country fair, but in the great towns, where the street urchin, after a little trsining, developes devil-may-care -bravery that has stood the country n good stead upon many critical Soccasions. IRhode Island's Small County. Bristol county. Rhode Island, is -the smallest county in the United -States. containing only 25 square Smiles. The county having the largest population is New York; Bailey county, Texas, has only four inhabit -ants. Dangerous Ornamentati nl. The stuffed tiger head flnds its victims all over the world. Prince Hlans of Denmark. Queen Alexan da's uncle, fell over one in the King of Denmark's palace and hurt him self badly. Hardy Rubbing Post. Rubbing posts for cattle, made of iwhales' faws, are to be seen in the village of Hamsker, in England, and Irepresent the whale trade formerly c'irred on at that place. They stand 12 feet or so above the ground. Devotes Herself to Charity. Mss Waneta Toskatomka. a full blooded Choctaw maiden with a good education and $100,000 in her own right, announces that she would rather devote herself to charity thar matrimony. Sugar Decline in West Indies. One Hundred years ago the West Indies supplied about one-half of the world's sugar, but the industry is on the decline. The .world's crop of beet sugar is now about six mill ton eight hundrerd thousand tons. CONGRESSMAN John Sharp Wil iams, the Democratic leaaer on the loor of the House, says; 'It is an rror to suppose that Roosevelt ever directed an attack upon the trusts. He pretends to do so in or der to avert attention from the fail ure to attack veritable trustS. Roosevelt organized a noisy cam paign against Wall Street to boom himself politically. By depreciating Amrican credit h e has produced a vvst panic. Seeing his popularity endangered. he has possed to the other extreme, in placing the go;' mient under obligations to great fiaanciers." SOME of the eminent New York fin aers, who in 1896 abused Mr. Bry and posed as defenders of the national honor, are now in a posi tion to realize that copper securi ties consisting of ninety-seven per cent water and three per cent cop :er are not even so good. as stand ard silver dolla' c-p+oir m ft. c+ents oth of si'.r bullion. - ltICTOflY WAkS 13LIOSSILE That One-Man Power L"ss Kentucky to the Democrats. Mr. Henry Watterson, to whose si lence during the campaign just closed in Kentucky is attributed by many of the defeated candidates the down fall of the Democratic party in Ken tucky, makes a stinging reply in the Courier-Journal. He points out some defects in the party of the state. Mr. Watterson at tributes the defeat of the one-man power to Governor Beckham and to the prohibition plank in the platform. He says in part: " -To your tents, 0 Isreal! To your tents. 0 Isreal! "If we were asked to put in a sin gle sentence the cause of Democratic disaster in Kentucky, we should an swer: 'The one man power.' The one man power established by William Goebel descended to John Wickliffe Beckham. "Always a precarious posession, it became perilous, and finally deadly in the hands of an ambitions, unsparing organizer, sacrificing everybody and everything-the. etics of just govern ment along with the principles * of Democracy-to the single purpose of building a self-perpetuating machine like that of the Camerons, and there. after of Quay, in Pennsylvania. "At the last moment the da3 might have been saved if the Demo cratic ticket had said, as indeed t< all intents and purposes the Republi can ticket did say, prohibition doeS not prohibit. "Nowhere has it resulted in any thing but evasion and hyprocisy adulteration and outlawry, smuggl ing and extortion. "Fancy a Democratic ticke preaching sumputary laws in thi city. "How was it possible for victor to emanate from such an abandon ment of sound politics, such mora confusion, and political subterfuge.' Beef Cattle a Net Profit on the Farm The average farmer thinks he is : specialist, asd that he is wastin time and money in trying to do any thing else. There is a theory tha in the limited area in- this worla where cotton may be successfull: grown. and among the comparativel: few men on earth who really under stand the production of cotton, i would be a perversion of Nature fo these few men in this limited are to attempt anything but to grow col ton. The thing which stands in th way of this argument is the grea subject of by-products. There i scarcely a manufacturing enterpris In the world tnday that could prof tably continue business on the basi of the production of one single ar ticle, without the utilization of th other products which are the ine: dental output in connection with th main article. Not many -years ago, the cotto farmer overlooked the fact that hi product was seed cotton. He though it was lint cotton. He threw the see away, and would have thanked an one to haul them off the farm. Bt now, every producer of cotton know he could not survive without takin into account the enormous value c lis cotton seed, which might be callre -by-product. If he raises 100 bale f cotton, worth about $6,000, he II -identally raises 50 tons of cotto seed, which he can sell for abot $1,000. thus adding -to the value c he main crop about 18 per cen: rhis 18 per cent would be considere by any manufacturer as a fine prof on his business. This matter ha become so well known, that it is n longer discussed as a mooted que! tion. There is a by-product of the farx that Is just as obvious as cotton sees and is now just as widely ignored a was cotton seed forty years ago. Thi is cattle raising. It is even mor than a by-product. It is almost necessity. The intelligent raising c cattle on a farm in the cotton regio costs less money (though perhal: more conscious thought) and pr< duces more return than any othe one branch of the business. It I not alone in the market value of th heef or dairy products, but it is in th almost immeasurable value to th cotton lands themselves. The col ton farmer who raises large herd c cattle becomes, in a sense, a mant facturer who uses raw material c his own production, and make a fit ished product of high commercia 'al ue. while the process of manufac ture not only costs him nothing-es cept thought-but actually adds t his resources in the enrichment c his lands. so he can grow more col ton and produce more beef whic: enables him to grow still more col ron and produce still more beef. The present commercial value o cotton seed meal is based on one o two things, according to the local ity namely (I) the value of its nitre en as a fertilizer, in comparison wit: the value of the nitrogen in othe available fertilizing chemicals; o (2) the value of its nitrogen as: feed stuff in comparison with th value of the nitrogen in other avail able feed stuffs. But now the gres and comparatively new truth is bein; discovered that. with the .prope manipulation, the true value of cot ton seed meal is not an alternativi one, but a cumulative one, that is its value is made up of the sum 0 the nitrogen value as a feed, and th< nitrogen value as a fertilizer. Thi! truth cannot long remain dormant: but while it is dormant to the far mer who does not read and study. is the golden harvest time for the far mer who thinks. When he buys a ton of cotton seed meal at its feed valuation, say $28 per ton, he should use this value as a feed, and should save the resultant manure from thE cattle, and use the fertilizer value of the meal, say $28. and thus make 100 per cent - n his investment; in meal. and reatze as incidental profit, all of the bA for the butter as the case may be) .h his skill and foresight can prodr. A recen' ook called "Cotton and Cotton Oil' by D. A. Tompkins. treats verr'I !ly of feeding cattle on 'otton seed nieal and hulls. It shows .hat one ton of hulls and 400 'pounds f meal will fatten a thousand pound teer fit for the most fastidious mar et. The book contains a most cur ious diagram, showing a cycle of perations, involving cotton seed pro lucts and their relation to farm life. and human life in general. It takes a bunco man to appreciate fully the good things of life. An empty stomach provides a man with food for thought. Some rpeople find fault with a bad mmn bause he is not worse. RANGERS' GOODsWORK Ruffians on the Mexican Border Are Being Weeded Out. Smugglers, Train Robbers, Murder ers, Cattle and Horse Thieves Re ceive -Their Deserts. Smugglers, stage robbers and cat tle thieves, who used to prosper on the Mexican border, are finding their "business'- too aangerous to pursue. They are migrating to more congen ial quarters. Some have been sent to their graves or to prisons by the rangers of the Southwest. The work of "cleaning out the country" was given over to the rang ers only six years ago. The ruifians took the undertaking as a joke.Th declared they knew no law ser the own will and no force of men coul ever compel them to cease their la less life. But the joke has turned and the men who laughed are either dead. in prison, or in fear of capture for crimes committed or attempted. A recent dispatch from Yuma., Ariz.. is the best evidence of why the rangers succeeded. It follows: "in a fierce battle on the desert, 60 miles from Gila Bend, Sunday morning, F. S. Wheeler, ranger, sin-. gle handed, killed James Herrick and Bentley, two desperadoes. Both were former convicts and Herrick. was a murderer. They were wanted for horse stealing in Yuma county. Bentley fought until shot the fourth time. Wheeler tied the bod ies to a horse and brought them 9-0 miles for burial." Although officers of the law the ranger would make a "tenderfoot" feel rather squemish on ,meeting him alone in the wilderness. The ranger has a careless, cut-throat manner. His head is usually surmounted by a sombreio. His neck is swathed I-l a losely tied bandana. His 0orduroY suit is yellow with dust. His belt is - fall of cartridges. Handles of sli t mbretrs are seen in all the pockets I and under his saddle hangs a rifle.. F Wlhen ie displays st~eel and firest he is certain to "reach" his min and lay him in .the dust Capt. Thomas H t Rynning. lieutenant in the Rough. r Rider regiment in the Spanish-Amer' ican war, is in command-of the 26 Arizona rangers. The Mexican border was a lawless t district before the year 1901. Train 5 robbers, bank breakers, cattle thieves a and criminals .of every kind _fourish ed. They committed depredations on the American side and the Ucross ed to Mexico. Moonshiners operated in every quarter. No revenue officer that ap e proached the distilleries- in the de sert land was ever known to return.. 0 Then camthe rangers in 1901. They are determined and are generally suc t cessful, because they are not afraid: to shoot and are expert riflemen. The ruffians are acquainted with both of Sthese facts and are makigt them Sselves scarce. - fWILL ENTER THE RACE. SMr. Stiles R. Mellichamp Will Run Sfor Superintendant of Education.. SMr. Stiles R. MeP'champ, who Is ~now superintendent of' education of SOrangeburg county will offer for the position of State Superintendent of SEducation. Mr. Mellichamp stated definitely that, after giving the mat ter full consideration, he had decided to become a candidate. His friends Shave been urging him to come out for some time and they, realizing his peculiar fitntess for the office, are de Slighted to know that he has consent eed to make the race. As an educator, Mr. Melltchamp has a State wide reputation, and In view of his candidacy, a brief sum mary of his educational career will rnot be amiss. SHe graduated at the College of Charleston and immediately after ewards was elected a teacher in the Marine School of Charleston. Al though he was exempt from military Sservice, he resigned this position to enter the Confederate army as a- pri vate. When the war was over he -settled in COrangeburng and taught . ' school most of the time. -For many years previous to the es tablishment of the Graded School he conducted a flourishing private school. He and the late Capt. Hugo -G. Sheridan were co-principals of the Graded School. He was called from zthis position to become principal of the preparatory department of Fur man Universiiy, where he. remained for eight years, and then returned to -his home at Orangeburg. -Previous to 1892 Mr. Mellichamp Sserved for eight years as school comn Smissioner, as the office was then call e d of Orangeburg county, and is now on the second term of the same office after a lapse of years. Practically, all of Mr. Mellichamp's lieha een spent in educational wradno one jiy better qualified for the office to which he aspires. ~Many of his old pupils, scattered throughout the State, have offered their support in the event that he is ~a candidate.. LONG COLD WINTER Is What the Goose Bone Foretells For This Season.* According to the goose ,ne there is a long and hard wnter ahead of us The front part of the top of the breastbone is very dark, and near the center it is white for a considerable distance. Beyond this it is dotted, and then comes a long, darkst Mr. Amos Mayor. a Pennsylvania far mer, who has given some attention to this matter, made these predictions tin September: "According to the breastbone, we will have quite cold weather in the latter part of October, and for two weeks in November. Then there will be a warm spell. lasting for a few days. Deceniber will be a cold month, with an reccassional snow, hail and occasional cold spells. "The dark colors on r9 end of the breastbone indicate th -t February will be a very cold month, and there will be several blizzards. At one part ieular part of the bone it is al mst black, which means that we will have lots of snow and sleet. The cold weather will continue way into Mfarch, and we will have a very lat.