Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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RURAL CARRIERS. Assistant Postmaster General De Graw Sends Strange Letter. To the Rural Carriers' Association on the Carriers' Relation to the De partment and to His Patrons. The subjoined letter from Mr. P. V. McGraw, the Fourth Assistant Postmaster General, is addressed tc the North Carolina Rural Letter Car rier's Association which met in Dur ham the 3rd and 4th of July. It is " clear and timely discussion of the car riers relation to the Department an( to his patrons. and is otherwise , highly interesting paper, having, a it does, a three-fold interest-for th< carrier, for the Department, and th, patron. It is as follows: Washington. D. C., July 2. 1907. Mr. J. MeD Ballard. Secretary-Treas urer. North Carolina Rural Lette Carriers' Ass'n., Newton, N. C. Sir. Referring to your letter o May 13th. inviting a representativ of the Department to attend the Az nual Convention of the North Caro lina Rural Letter Carriers' Associa tion. to be held at Durham. N. C. on July 3rd and 4th. 1907. I regre very much that it has not been prac ticable to have a representative o the Department present at your meet in-, hut I desire to take advantag of this occasion to express to th< carriers of North Carolina the appre ciation of the Department of the co operation of the carriers in improv ing the service and increasing its ef fectiveness. and also my deep interes1 in the welfore of the rural carriers. Organizations within the Posta service to receive the sanction of th( Department in any degree must hav for their sole object improvement iu the service or be of a purely fra ternal or beneficial character. With any other purpose in view they ar( detrimental to the service, to then members and to the public. It is the duties of the officers of th( Department to insist upon loyal anc efficient service from every employee as an individual and without an3 thought of his affiliation with. any or ganization. All questions as to th( needs of the service or the compen sation of its employees are matter for the consideration of the Depart ment; and the officials of the De partment, and not the officials of an: organization are the proper person: to present the needs of the service t< Congress. The compensation of carriers afte1 July 1. 1907. will be adjusted in ac cordance with the schedule herewitl enclosed upon the basis of the lengtl of the routes, as shown by the rec ords of the Department. i. is im possible to devise an absolutelb equitauie basis for the adustment o: the compensation of rural carriers because of the varying condition: throughout the United States. Thes4 conditions vary even in the sam< State. and it is therefore not pos sible to fix different standards in var ious sections. Under the reaajust ment effective Ju.y 1st. approximate ly 23,000 carriers whose routes ar 24 miles or more mile in length. an( who have been re:.iving $720 pei annum. are now being paid $900 pel annum and a proportionate increas in compensation has been provide< for carriers on routes of aess length The chief beneficiaries of the nev law are those carriers who are serv ing the longer routes and upon whor the greater hardships of -e servici fall, and a proportionate increase 11 compensation has been provided fo such carriers. No increase is an1ov ed to carriers on the short route! * such as those running from 12 to i and 14 to 16 miles in ,..ngth, as the; now receive $504 and Sno a yea respectively, being proportionatel: better paid than carriers on route of 20 or more miles. -The pay of suositute carriers wi! also be increased in many cases. Th< law formerly provided that substi tutes employed when the regular car riers were on vacations should b< paid at the rate of $600 per annum regardless of the rate of pay of th regular carrier. Under the new las substitute carriers are entitled to re ceive compensation at the same rat allowed the regular carriers. With this increase in salary ade quate compensation is provided fo: all carriers and this snould be ai incentive to every carrier to strive t< bring- the rural delivery service t< the highest standard of efficiency. A recent order of the Postmaste: General which appears on page o the May supplement to the Officia Postal Guide, makes it possible fo. rural carriers tohave the checks 11 paym'ent of their salaries cashed a any postoffice within the State 11 which he works, provided the post master at the office where presente( has on hand sufficient funds for thi purpose, which doubtless will prov4 to be a great convenience to the car riers throughout the country. There are now in the service aboui 37,613 carriers there being 1,179 ii the State of North Carolina. Durini the fiscal year ending June 30, 1908 the rural delivery service will cost upward of $35.000,000, of which ap proximately $961,542 will be paid tc carriers in North Carolina. The expenditure for rural delivery has materially increased the cost oi maintaining the postal services, but there is no doubt that this expendi ture is fully justified by the results obtained. It is necessary, however. that the service be carefully and efficiently administered to the en' that its advantages will be sougb and used by the entire rural popula tion for whose benefit it is establish ed. While the postmasters at the offices which are -designated as dis tributing offices for rural delivery service are charged with the super' vision of the rural delivery the same as all other branches of the service still an important aid in obtaininng a large patronagt is a live interes1 on the part of the carriers in the faithful and satisfactory performance of their official duties. The inspec' tions which have been made of large numbers of routes during the past year indicate that in some instan.e! the lack of patronage and interest in the services on the part of the .:trons are due to the indifferent and r).functory manner in wnich the car rier looks after the business of his route. The work of rural carriers consists chietix in the prompt and accurate deliver-~. -A dispatch of mail, the registrati:: .i letters and the sale of stamps and ;~ney orders. In per forming this work carriers are re quired to do many little things and answer many questions which in themselves seem insignificant, but if pains to see that the wants of their patrons. so far as it is consistent with the rules are ful ly met, they are doing much., towards insuring satis factory service. Rural carriers are subordinate to Postmasters at dis trbuting offices and should at all times be amenable to directions and proper discipline. Instructions for the guidance of postmasters and car rir nthe conduct or the service resnow in print, and will be dis tributed as early as possie. It is hopd hata ov of the instructions maype pac aiopn the hands of all arierslbt in any event they will eriequired to familiarize themselves wth the instructions, which will no oht~ result in the carriers being MANY VICTIMS Are Claimad by Lightning Each Year in United States. The Greates .:iber of Casualties are in New England and the Mid die States. An average of SOO people are kill ed in the United States each year by lightning according to data collect ed by the weather bureau. This means that about one in each 100.000 of population is killed in that man ner. The belt of most numerous visita tions includes all of Florida except the southernmost tip, the lower edge 5 of Georgia and the southeast corner of Alabama. In that belt an averagE of forty-five thunderstorms a yea. a experiene of next greatest fre quency includes the more northern parts of Georgia and -xabama, and its annual average is forty storms. f Thirty-five a year are experienced in a somewhat irregular belt north 01 this, and including still northern )arts of the States named, as well a the whole of Mississippi and Louis iana, nearly all of Tennessee. the ad jacent corners of Illinois and Ken tucky, the southern part of Arkansaw .n(d the eastern central part of Tex - d5 as. Another belt of equal intensity ex tends throughout Central Illinois and -idjacent sections of Indiana, Iowa -nd Missouri. The region from the Virginia Caper -o Connecticut escapes with an av -rage of twenty-five storms, while Boston is visited by only 20. The 'requency diminishes until the Rock es are reached. and on the Pacific 3lope there are practically no such ;torms. The region of greatest danger from ightning stroke does not coincide .vith the zone of greatest thunder ;torm frequency, but includes South rn Vermont, the whole of Massachu etts. Rhode Island, Connecticut, New ork. New Jersey. Pennsylvania. Del tware. West Virginia, Ohio, Ken ucky,, Indiana, Eastern Illinois. Vir inia and the greater part of Mary and. In this zone more than five leaths to each 10,000 square milet t year ago caused by lightning. Three :.o five deaths in 10,000 is the rule ir t region including Chicago, St. raul . )es Moines. St. Louis, Memphis, At anta and Norfolk. Between one and three fatalitiet )er 10.000 is t-he rule in a Lhird zone i :ncluding Eastport, Montreal, Duluth, . lismarck, Huron. North Platt-. Glal I eston, New Orleans and Jackson I ille. In the country westward lesE han one death to 10.000 occurrs. - Four times more persons of out loor pursuits than of indoor occupa ions are struck. Men like animals, tre more apt to be struck when col ected in groups than when alone, )at of every three persons struck one ;urvives, and probably more that talf would recover if means were .mployed to induce artificial respir - ttion. as in cases of drowning. More han half the persons killed by light ing are struck while standing unde I rees. FAIR NOTICE TO ALL. Wust Have Report on the Sale of Dynamite. Mr. James Henry Rice, represent g the Audubon society in Souti jarolina, requests that it be statec hat he intends to prosecute any anc il dealers who sell dynamite with ut written orders from the ptrchas rs, and who wail to make a swori -epor-t of their sales to the count) . uditor every ninety days. The pen tty for disobedience of this law oi he state is $100 fine of thirty days mprisonment, either or both in th< liscretion of the court. There are too many fish being kill d in all parts of the State by the un awful use of dynamite. Reportt ome in from different sections tell ng of the wanton destruction of fisi iv dynamite explosion and Mr. Ric( s determined that it shall be stop ed, He is armed with full power tc tt and if the law as to the sale ol lynamite is not kept he will kno" he reason why and have all dealert rosecuted who fail to live up tc THREE KILLED y the Collision of Two Trains it North Carolina. In a collision of an eastbound local assenger train and a westbound rieght, one mile east of Auburn. .a .Wednesday night the engineer and ireman of the freight and tb<(U Ian of the passenger engines were tlled. A number of the passengeri -ere shaken up by tne .aipact, none - f them sustained serious injury. The ~ccident was caused by the passenger -rew overlooking orders. TIED THE JAaER. )aring Act of Youthful White Priis oners in Mayfield, Ky. Noah Coffee and John k razier, two -oung white boys in jati. at Mayfild, ~y., charged with store breakmng, fas ened the keeper in jail and escaped aver the walls. It was an nour be ore the pailer was released. Won't Let Them Vote. By a vote of thirty-seven to six the 3eorga Senate has adopted a dras ti election law. The measure now goes to the house, where it will also eceive an oyerwhelming majority. In order to vote under the propos id law a man must own or pay tax n $500 worth of property or be able to read and write a paragraph of the :onstitution of the ztate or of the United States. If he cannot comply with these provisions, and few negroes can, he is entitled to register and vote if he is descended from any man who fougnt in any of the wars in which he United States or Confederate State participated. Last, he is entitled to register and vote if he has a proper conception of h is duty to his state and to the na tion. Under the last named provis ion every white man in Georgia will cegister, and once registered he will have a life certificate and will then have only to pay his taxes to enjoy the right of suffrage. Gen. Karakozoff, Ex-Governor General of Odessa was assasinated Mnday in the center of the town. His assassin escaped. able to discharge their duties with greater satisfaction to themselves as well as to the department. Of the large number of carriers now in the service comparatively few are effi cent. but the impo-tance of careful and efficient ser-vice is imperative. because it is desirable that the whole boy of carrier-s nmeasur-e upi to the high standard we ar-e strivWing to With best wishes, I am. Ver-y respectfully. P. V.. DeGRAW, Fourth Assistant Postmaster General. A NEW RECORDU. Wages Going Up All Over the Whole Country, But Raise Does Not Keep Pace With the Advance in the Cost of iJv ing. It is believed that the year 1907 will make a new record for the num ber and extent of increase in wages and salaries granted by a.1 kinds of employers in this country. Reports which come to the bureau of labor, together with those received by the American Federation of Labor at its headqaarters here, justify this b, lief. Wages, speaking broadly, are higher than they ever were before in the history of almost all govern ments. This is said to be true of a great mass of railroad employes, of building trade workers, and of near ly all organized trades from which approximately accurate reports are obtainable. More than this, the in creases which have been secured during the year 1907 have generally come without strikes or other se rious difficulty. The best of the pres ent day business conditions is to be found in these reports of wage and labor conditions. There has been much suggestion since the March stock market panic of a danger of slackening of business pace, but it is pointed out by the au thorities on these subjects that ab solutely nuthing aside from Wall Street pessimism justified such fears. Certainly the reports of the raiiroads and of big industrial corporations, showing in the majority of cases an increase in both gross and net earn ings and in volume of business, in dicate that business instead of shrink ing is growing as fast as ever. Moreover, the outlook is consider ed to be growing brighter every day. The spring weather had a depressing effect, and there is general concession that if weather conditions had been normal and the market panic not taken place, 1907 would have been a season of phenomenal business devel opment as never has been paralled. Even as it is, with the upward turn in weather, crop conditions, there is a strong impression in treasury and other quarters closely in touch with business, that the year is going to make many new records. About a year ago Secretary Wilson declared in a remarkable review that this country had seen the last of what could be called crop failures. The secretary never lost confidence, even during the most discouraging period of the spring. He insisted that cotton would come out better than ever before from like conditions because cotton was better handled now; that wheat would surprise everybody because the new wheat intended for cultivation in semi-arid regions, would produce an immense yield, and largely compensate for short yields of the older grains; that better testing of seed corn and im proved varieties would make the loss in that crop far less than would have been experienced if like conditions had supervened in the years prior to the improvement of farming meth ods. In short, the Secretary rigidly insisted that there was going to be no crop failure, and declined to be pan icky. His judgment is being vindicated every day, as reports come from all the cropping regions of the country. The crops are not going to be what they were a year ago, but they are going to be so much better than was supposed two months ago that there is strong disposition to start a new boom on the strength of them. No better sign has appeared than the reports which railroad men bring of the betterment of their faculties in anticipation of the fall and winter business. There will be no repetition this year of the disastrous traffic con gestion of the winter of 1906-7. John T. Marchand, assistant to the president of the Rock Island system, who has been in the city this week. has explained what the Wester and Southwestern roads are doing to bring their facilities up to the de mands of the times. Mr. Marchand was for many years with the inter state commerce commission, until a big railroad tempted him away with an increase of 100 per cent. in salary. "If the railroads could only get the labor, the investment of money in betterments this year would ex ceed anything ever reported," he said. "The trouble is that the labor can't be had at any price. We are do ing everything possible, for instance, on the Rock Island lines to establish a strictly first class candition. It has been only by the greatest exertion that we have been able to get tires, for instance, of which we had hun dreds of thousands bought, delivered to us. No labor. The new lines in the southwest have needed an im mense amount of work and they have received it. But all the other roads are making the same determined ef fort to bring physical conditions and facilities up to the ,new standard which increased business demands. and it means that the labor market has been drained. But it can be set down as certain that next fall and winter will not see a repetition of the troubles of last winter. The railroads have their tracks in condition, have more cars, more power, more of everything, and have put it all into tl- best postible state of efficiency. Tonnage is so big that the prospect of a small re duction which seemed to be promis ed during the spring, was really ra ther gratifying to the operating de partments, for it gave them a chance to catch up with business. But the reduction evidently isn't going to| take place, for crop condition are ~vastly better than anybody dreamed was possible at that time." Meadwhile the cost of livingi amounts upward along~ with every thing. The next report of the bu reau of labor on the comparative ad vances in wages and prices is awaited|I with deep interest. The bureau man-1, aged in its last annual report toi rake the increase in wages look just:i a trifle better than that in prices, butI there was an unholy skepticism about the accuracy of its conclusions, and ny housewife who would agree| would have been a godsend to the' bureau. The increase in wages has affected wide range of employment, but it is recognized that there is still a big proortion of people who have not benefited. Prices however, affect everybody, and the belief is that even ie bureau, with all its clevernessi will this time be forced to admit that 1 SUCCSI"SFUL DETECTIVE. G. F. Wheeler, a Cripple, Arrests Man In Augusta. The following story we Clip from the Augusta Chronicle of last Sun day: Paralyzed from his waist down, and seated in an invalid's r,>l Ier chair which he operates with his hands and arms, G. F. Wheeler, spec ially commissioned as deputy sheriff by the officials of Orangeburg, S. C., came to Augusta yesterday morning and arrested T. F. Bell, a middle aged white man, big and strong, who is wanted for larceny after trust. Bell-is alleged to have missed $110 which had been entrusted to him by Wheeler. When the money was de nianded of him. Bell was unable to produce it, and shortly afterwards left Orangeburg. Determined to pros ecute him and recover his money, if possible. Wheeler applied himself to the task of tracking Bell. The suc cess of his "sleuthing" is shown by the fact that he learned, after much effort an-d dilligent inquiry, that Bell was in Augusta. Wheeler presented his case to the authoi-tties of Orangeburg, who were, however, unwilling to send an officer to Augusta, because they were not certain that Bell could be so easily apprehended, or was in this city. \Wheeler then requested that he be vested with police authority. promis ing that he would capture the man. Yesterday morning Wheeler came to Augusta and wheeled himself tc the barracks. Detectives Howard and Williams came to his assistance and in a short while arrested Bell, whc was found at work in one of the mills of the city. Wheeler remained at the barracks until late yesterday afternoon, when he and ijell left for Orangeburg. The latter promised not to make an effort at escape, and the crippled deput3 sheriff obligingly kept his handcuffs in his pocket. When prisoner and captor left the barracks. Bell was acting in the ca pacity of an attendant, assisting Wheelier to operate his roller chai1 and lifting it over the curb stones and rough places. No one would have thought that one was a sheriff and the other was a prisoner. Over-Capitalization. Henry Clews, a New York banker, in an address before the Chautauqua assembly, declared that over-capital ization is a crime on par with rebates railroad discrimination and othei corporate abuses. Indeed, he weni so far as to intimate that it is a worse crime because it takes from the bus iness and industrial forces of the country, moneys for dividends which were not really earned, especially when over-capitalization includes watered stock. Mr. Clews' address produced a profound sensation anc is now occupying attention through. out the country. Mr. Clews believes that there is no excuse whatever for over-capitaliza tion. So complete is information re garding the cost of almost any pro. duct, so systematized are all the de tails of their business conduct, so ex act are calculations of maintenance and income, that no financier or bod3 of financiers is warranted in over. capitalizing any enterprise whatever Especially is this true, if the great est profit in the long run is sought because burden-some tariffs, exorbi tant charges, extravagant expendi. tures being made at the expense oj the public, most exhaust the resourc es of the public: while economic man agement contemplating the pubh< as well as the stockholders, +"nds t< subserye the interests of all enabling the public to produce more largely and therefore expend more consider ably in what corporations have t< disose of. Mr. Clews said that true ecnomy has yet to be applied to th< conduct of all our great enterprise: depndent upon public support. In a large measure, Mr. Clews deas are directly opposed to thos4 obtaining in Wall street and othei financial centers of this country They look not merely to the profit o: capital, but to the p'rofit of labor for if honest capitalization requirE only honest return on investment there is a larger surplus from pro duction to be divided ~with labor. Mr Clews did no't hesitate to point oui this fact, and so emphatically thai his address is regarded by economists as much a plea for labor as a denu ciation of over-capitalization. Memories. I love to think of the days gon by when I barefooted, free, Would wander wherever I wanted t< go, lazy and aimlessly. I love to think of the path that led thro' woodlands cool and sweet, To the dear old stream where I usec to go to free myself from heat. And I love to dream of that river bank and placid swimming place, Where the willows swayed by the breezes kissed the water's breast with grace. But I hate to think of the day when all my dreams were put to :rout, When mother discovered my hair was wet and my shirt was inaside out. It's a long way back to the dear old days of long ago, When I was a kid with freckels and a head of tousled tow. I don't suppose I would recognize the scenes that then were mine, The swimming hole, the meadows. and the pathway for the kine. I love to dream of my dreams of then, as onward creep the y'ears, But there's one thing steals in them that stops my flow of tears. And that's the thought of the day when I was flogged with a pad dle stout, Whn mother discovered my hair was wet and my shirt was i.nside out. THE Augusta Chronicle thinks the man who commit ted suicide at the age of eighty t ,vo need not have been in :uch a hurry, A little wait and nature' woulid have brought him to the destinattion without any tron IT is all nonsense to try to punish the Standard Oil by fining it. A raise in the price of oil will make the consumers pay the fine. If some of the big men in the corporation were sent to jail a few month for vio lating the law some good might be "JUDGE Landis," says The Atlanta Constitution. "has placed the coun try under obligations." To which I the Charlestont Post ads: "Well, pret y nearly the whole country. He has placed the cc.nsumers of petroleum roducts t'nd er obligations of twen v-nine millio.1 dollars." ONE pawn broker firm in Charles on has paid a license of $1,000 and ;he fine of .$250 to enga~ge in the noney lending business. Money lend ng in Chqarlestoii must be a profita ebusiess. Whmy not raise the li ANOTHER RAILROAD From KingsPort, Ky, to Gaffney, Columbia and Charleston. Will Pass Through Orangeburg Coun ty Between the City of Orangeburg andi tle Santee liver. A letter from Gaffney to The State says the citizens generally and the business element very especially of that progressive city are on the alert and and judiciously doing all in their power to accomplish their share of work it an undertaking which holds much for Gaffney and for South Car olina. This is the building of the South & Western rauroad, with its western terminal at Kingsport, Ky. on the Ohio river, with Charleston S. C., on the Atlantic coast, via Gaff ney and Columbia, as the objective point for a coal distributing termina at this end. Mr. J. E. Norment, whc wrote the letter to The State, says h( is not at liberty to divulge his sources of information, but the facts giver are absloutely reliable and can be vouched for. Mr. Norment says that the road will soon be completed seems to ad mit of little or no- doubt. It is in tended to distribute coal all over the route traveled and the surveys in clude such a route as will develol valuable territory. Charleston ha: been selected as the southern termi nal because of the unrivaled por facilities first and also because of th( effect the completion of the Panama canal will have there. It is also argued, in making Char leston the objective point at this end that this will make that city the nat ural outlet of the coal fields of Vir ginia and Kentucky. a logical se quence. one could judge, from the route as has been determined upon It is claimed here.that the iron an< mineral deposits of Cherokee count: will be speedily and fully develope< because the new road can deliver coa at greatly reduced prices. It can bi authoritatively stated that this is on( of the purposes of the promoters. Before going further into the de tails of the undertaking and the ter ritory through which the road wil run it inay be best to give somf equally important facts. Work ha; been going on for quite a while, ever in this section, and this is the manne in which information concerning th( work came to the business men o Gaffney. The second consideratioi is of peculiar significance. A railroad is actualli being built 90 miles from Spruce Pine, N. C., to ward the western terminal, now be ing completed a.nd in operation-ani no bonds nor subscriptions are aske for. On the contrary, the offiliei are refusing offers for cash and bond from town adjacent to their i'ad saying they have plenty of cash an that they intend building the roa< throught the best route and the bes territory, regardless of other induce ments. Another strange thing in cor nection with .he work is that th oficials are avoiding publicity, bu are quietly working like beavers. It can be arthoritively stated th: the Seaboard and the Baltimore an' Ohio roads are behind the sehem and both have direct connecti')n wit the newv road. To sum up ac some of the road is finished and car are running: the work is being rapid ly pushed in other sections; no mou ey, bonds or subscriptions are askes tr: the route decided upon opens: splendid territory~b eyond questiori and the body of business men, sen out officially to represent this busi ness community, did not go upon an, idle nor uncertain mission. The f a r ther fact that the Seaboard Alir Lin and the Baltimore & Ohio roads i interested. logically confirms all g tils involved. especially the nmagmi tude of the scheme, the consequet' business interests involved and u perhaps, an explanation of the rec markable fact that no bonds, 3lni scriptions nor cash are asked for. Kingsport, Ky., on the Ohio rivex vill be the western terminal, wit' Charleston, via Columbia, as ao ob' jetive point at this end of the linE The proposed route, after several smf vcs, has practically been decified up on, as follows: From Kingsport, Ky. the western terminal, where -:nnec tion is made with the Baltimore 4 Ohio road, the South and Western starts by following Clinch river, go ing over the Tennessee mountains b; Cinch river gap; then on to Johiusci City, Tenn., going thence to Spruc Pine. N. C.; then on across the Alle ghanies to Bostick, N. C., 16 mile from Gaffney, north. The contract has been awarded an< cals for the completion of that par p the road between Bostick an< Kingsport by the first of December Ninety miles 'the road, from Spruc Pine on to th- vestern terminal, haye already been finished and this is nov in operation. Work is rapidly pro gressing in grading tale roadbed an< laying the track on unfinished por tions of the route surveyed. At Bostick, N. C., connection 11 made with the Seaboard Air Line thus putting the coal fields of th< West in direct connection with tht Piedmont section. An important detail of the plan- 1h said to be that connection wiui b< made by a branch road with Spar tanburg from Bostick as soon as work is comrpleted as far as this poini The main iine, as surveyed, goes or direct by Gaffney .. .Lockhart bakoals tnence down Broad river to Prides station, on the Seaboard ..r Line uear Carlisle, connecting again with the Seaboard. Union will be includ ed also, of course, the Buffalo & lenn Springs road from Carlisse be i'lg used for this valuable connection. IThe distance from .,ostick to Spar. tanurg is 30 miles ana it has been determined that a branch road be tween these points will be used for making this most important connec The next important move will he from Prides, on the Seaboard Air Line, straight on to Columbia,, and then on to Charleston. The route determined upon from Columbia to Charleston win be an equal division of the territory between .,rangeburg and Sumter, in as direct a line as pos sible. This route was adopted among other considerations because it in eludes little or no grading. It also makes and equal division of the val ualle territory iying between Char lotte. Asheville and Spartanburg on the south and Columbia and Charles ton on the north of tue new line. It will not be the policy of the South & Western to parallel any oth road when this can be avoided. The purpose will be to develop new terri tory as much as possible. It is be lieved to put this mildly-that the moving spirit in the new road are in lose touch with Ryan of the Sea ~oard Air Line and with Reid of the Baltimore & Ohio, representing thus strong combined interests which will >e affected materially by the South & Western. Among the practical advantages here included the grade of the South & Western is said to be the best of any road crossing the Alleghanies. As in illusration of this it is noticed that 25 tons can be pulled here with eactly the same power now used by other roads in transporting 10 tons The cost of the road will be some thing large, an illustration of this being the fact that within a distance ffiv mile In crossing the Alle FOURTEEN lULLED. By A Passenger Train Crashig Into Wild Car. Fourteen persons were kiied and eighteen wounded in a wreck on the Conenaugh, Bunalo and Alegheny division of the Pennsylvania railroad Wednesday between Kelly station and Fort City. The wreck was caused by a freight car from a northbound train getting loose on to the south bound tracks and the train smashed into it before the engineer was able to stop. Abolishing Revivals. Bishop Vincent, of the Methodist Episcopal church in Kansas, is re ported as attacking the revival sys tem of his chnrch and declaring that it sbould be abolished. Kansas de velops some queer products. The truth is the revival system of the Methodists has been one of the most powerful agencies for the spread of the gospel of Jesus Christ and the uplifting of humanity this world ever has known, says the Richmond News-Leader. We have not the happiness of an acquaintance with BiE , Vincent, but the idea of a criticism by this gentleman ot the methods of John Wesley snggests some comparisons not entirely de void of hnmorous suggestion. In the early history -of this coun try the Methodists had to work with a strong, sturdy, rough and rude people and they worked in a strong, sturdy, rough, rude way and secured wonderful results. Their hymns. their preaching, the conduct of their services, appealed to the daily experiences. the common troubles, joys, sorrows and the practical hab its of thought of a population unac customed to abstraction and igno rant of theories. If a record of these things is kept anywhere in the world invisible. it may be that some time we will leare that the one strong old hymn, "Whn I can read my title clear to mansi no in the skies," with its simple, clnse I metaphors, the swinging rhythmar which used to swell from powerful throats at the camp meetings, has led to heaven more people than all the ornate, fine-spun rhetorical or doc trinal sermons that have been preached since the reformation. Of. course relapse. and sometimes collapse, follows after stirring ap peals to human emotion. That is a matter in the experience of every preacher. politician and orator in the world. It is equally true, however, that vast numbers of the people can be reached and stirred through their emotions who could not be reached in any other way and that with a large proportion of them reason and will power reinforce and sustain and make permanent the purposes form ed and the desires aroused in the time of excitement. t Nearly all the other denominations - have borrowed from the Baptists and - Methodists what are. called their "evangelistic" method of direct, t earnest vigorous appeals to the hearts of the masses of the people. t Therefore, it is especially remarkablE that a Methodist bishop should repu diate and attack those methods. They may be and usually are modifi Sed to fit surroundings and conditions. Processes and ways which are effec tive among a crude, perhaps an ig Inorant people, would be inappro priate in a more staid, settled and refined community, but as a system we hope the revival idea never 'will die out. It has carried religion into the wil derness and comfort. hope and high thought to the pioneers on the ex treme outspots of civilization. It has roused smoldering sparks into flam 'es, has maintained the public senti ment and kept alive the principles on which our society and our govern ment are founded and sustained. Abandonment of it would be a gen eral calamity to people of all relig ions and of no religion. A Famous Victoiy. -Peace hath her victories no less re nowned than war, and Miss Martha Fredericks, of Philadelphia, is the exponent of one of the greatest. She -deserves a place in the Hall of Fame for meeting an insidious 'foe of so ciety and putting him to flight; for performing an act that will be hail ed with joy all over the country. In fine, she has vanquished the idiot who rocks the boat and if he has not got all that is coming to him it is not her fault. When a young gentleman named Perry Springer asked Miss Freder icks to go boat riding he conceived the capital idea of frightening her by tilting the boat. The girl was not immediately dazed into a condition of gibberihg idiocy, as girls usually are in similar condition. Instead, she was roused to immediate action. She reached over and dealt the Springer gentleman a cuff on the side of the head that landed him in the water. And she kept him there awhile, clinging in terror to the side of the boat, then she cracked his finger with an oar and made him wade and swim to the shore, where he became at once the center of at traction for a jeering crowd. If there are any crowns for hero ines going about, one should be sent to Martha Fredericks. She not only did the right thing, but she has shown how other girls can conduct thomselves so as to put an immediate stop to the most idiotic pastime of the summer fool. A high official of the Standard Oil company says that the company has no intentions of advancing the price of oil because of the heavy fine im posed by Judge Landis. A patent medicine faker did a big business among Greenwood mill peo ple by selling them a bottle of hair vigor for $1 and promising with each sale a 30 piece set of china. The china never did come as might be expect ed. __ _ _ _ _ _ _ NEW York still has no relief from the wave of crime which is causing such terror among her people. The police say they are powerless to stop it. __________ _ A lot of men have changed their ideas ab~out life when their first born was laid in their arms. The two best vacations are the one we had last year and the one we ar-e going to have this year. ghanies there will be 10 tunnels. These five miles are estimated to cost $1 93,000 per mile and yet the men t the head of the scheme are issu lg no bonds, are selling no stock4 and are asking help fromi no indiv i uals or towns. Several towns of some importance are within a few iles of the route projected and hough offers have been made they ave refused to deflect from what hey consider the best route. A di ect line and an easyv grd are the' first considerations~ and them~ ar tadily adhered to. BOUGHT LIBERTY. Girl Won Heart of Guard With Old Folk Tune. Exile Who Devoted Talent to Russian Revolutionary Cause Is Now Be come Roof Garden Artist. From a cell in a St. Petersburg prison to the roof of the New York theatre is the modest jump just achieved by Mlle. Maria Ossipouna Mieler, a Bussian prima dona, who, from being a political prisoner in her native land. will shortly disclose herself as an aspiring singer in the land of her adoption. Being twenty-three years old though to do her no injustic, she looks quite twenty four), prison walls were powerless to hold her. After enduring the horrors of a Rus sian prison for four months, she got out and Is now breathing the air of the home of the brave and the land of the free. Mlle. Mieler is a native of Find land, and became interested in the revolutionists. To them she dedica ted her gift of song, and became noted for the concerts she organized and took part in for the benefit of the revolutionary party in Russia. Only the initiated knew that the proceeds were to go to the revolu tionists, and apparently the aff-air passed off smoothly. But one morn ing, when Mle. Mieler was asleep at her hotel, she was rudely awaken by nine members of the St. Petersburg police force who forthwith arrested her and carried her off to priso'n. Here she lay for days with no news from the outside world, compelled tc listen to the cries of other prisoners, who were being tortured, in agoniz ed uncertainty as to her own fate. A little Finnish folk song was one of the melodies of happier days which was continually on her lips. As ii happened, one of the guards who passed her cell knew the song. It touched his heart. This guard befriended Mlle, Mieler, and used to bring her ho1 water, the nearest approach to lux ury that the prison afforded, and a real luxury in that damp and bitter cold. He also took letters from hei to her friends beyond the prisor walls, who thus learned where she was concealed, and began hatching out plots to set her free. Finally, on January 15th, wher Mlle. Mieder had been imprisoned four months, a member of the or ganization called up the prison b5 telephone, and, using the password and representing himself as the sec retary of the St. Petersburg chief o: police, informed the warden tha Mlle. Mieller had been imprisoned b: mistake, and ordered her immediat release. This was done. Those Fluia b - S. A report from the Consul Genera' at Vienna, states that after experi ments extending over a number of years a Hungarian chemist has suc. ceeded in producing optical lenses by a simple and cheap process that ar: not only quite as good as the besl 'nassive glass lenses at present used but that can be manufactered of t size three times as great as the larg est lens heretofore made. The Imnportanee of this inventior in -the field of astronomy is obvio.isly very considerable. The largest glast lense heretofore manufactured out ol massive glass for astronomical pur poses has a diameter of about 1.50 meters (4.92 feet), and it required several years to make it. while the price was several hundred thousands of marks (1 mark-23.8 cents.) Such a lens can be manufactured by the new process in a few weeks at a cost of 2,000 or 3,000 marks. The price of a glass lens of the best Ger man manufacture, with a diameter of 25 centimeters (9.84 inches). is now about L000 marks, wlrereas the price of a similar lens made by the new process is about 150 marks. Lenses ot smaller diameter for photographic purposes, for opera glasses, reading glasses, etc., can be produced at correspondin gly smaller cost. The lens consists of a fluid sub stance inclosed between two unusu ally hard glass surfaces similar to watch crystals, in which the refrac tive power and other characteristic properties are so chosen that the glass surfaces not only serve to hold the fluid, but also combine with the fluid to overcome such defects as are scarcely to be avoided in ordinary lenses. It is for this reason also that the lens is achromatic. The fluid contained in the lens Is hermetically sealed, so that no air can enter and exercise a damaging effect. The fluid does not evaporate, and Its composition Is such that its proerties are not affected by time or by temperature. The co-efficient of expansion, both of the glass and of the fluid, is approximately the same between the temnperaturses of 15 deg. of cold and 60 deg. of heat. An other advantage of the lens is that, on account of the fact that the fluid is not dense and the glass crystals are thin, the whole lens combination through which the light must pene trate Is very slight. On a Butterfly Farm. Most people, when they look at a magnificent cabinet of butterflies, think that each butterfly was caught by hand-caught, after a chase of a mile or two, with a net. As a matter of fact, large numbers of butterflies are raised on farms. There is such a steady demand for them that It pays to rear them. The stockroom of a .d terfly farmer is a rare and beauti fu sight. Tt is a room of glass. in which hundreds of butterflies flutter and float. SENATORs H.-VE THIRST. Spent Big Sum for Drinkables at the Last Session. The annual report of the secretary of the United States senate is in some ways a queer document. A good many of its items might lead one to think that the senators are an expen sive luxury. For instance the sum of $7,000 was spent during the last session of Congress to provide -the members with drinkables, such as various mineral waters and lemonade. Of :his amount $38 was spent for lem yns and sugar. Besides these items, there a rec n~any other curious things menuion d. Nearly $12.500 was paid for - ionary and engraving, and ee n fo~r uch articles as gloves and i'.-'cer ases. Among the other items were n old trunk, a dollar mouse traip, ttar of roses, quinine, hair vigor. nuff and castor oil. The first sign of a man's strength FINED HEAVILY. Judge Landis imposes Maximum Penalty on Standard Oil. Chicago Federal Judge Finds Rocke feller's Company $29,240,000 for Accepting Rebates. At Chicago Judge Kenesaw M. Lan dis, Saturday in the United States District Court fined the Standard Oil Company'. of Indiana,- $29,240,000 for violations of the law against ac cepting rebates from railroads. The fine is the largest ever assessed any individuals or any corporation In the history of American criminal jur isdiction. and is slightly more than 131 times as great as the amount received by the company through its rebating operations. The case will be carried to the higher courts by the defendant company. The penalty imposed upon the com pany is the maximum permitted un der the law, and it was announced at the end of a long opinion in which the methods and practices of the Standard Oil Company were merci less scored. The Judge, in fact, de clared in his opinion that the officers of the Standard Oil Company, who were responsible for the practices of which the corporation was found guilty, were no better than counter feiters and thieves, Las exact lan guage being: "We nay as we-. look at sit uation squarely. The men wk'o thus deliberately violate this law wound society more deeply than does he who counterfeits the coin or steals letters from the mail." No Little Ones. You're glad.you have no girls and boys To fill your home with romp and noise? Well, maybe what you say is true, Yet friends, somehow, I pity you. No shoes to shine, no stiings to find, No bumns to bathe and gently bind; No little dress nor shirt to mend, No piles of darning to attend. No muddy tracks across the fio6r, No tiny handprints on the door; No one to beg for tarts and pies, To fondly tease with "whats" and "4whys," No one to hurry off to school With tender chide to heed each rule; No litde willing, wayward feet To gladly run on errands fleet. No pretty baby girl to get Out of some pout or fancied fret; No boy to fell big sisters beau Something uniqe he need not knew. No wee. wee ones at night to steal Close, close-to you-no arms to feel Around your neck-to never hear These words come lisping in your ear: "Sweet mother, we, we love you so, And not a boy or gir we know In all this town, has mother quite As good as you-good-night, good night." No little ones to grow each year More fair and tall. more wondrous. dear; Your quiet keep-I- want the noise, I want my merry girls and bys. Eve beautiful seems modst to me. With Cain and Abel at her knee; And Mary, virgin purest, best, With Christ, her baby, on her breast. -Kathle-en Kavanaugh. A Startling Comparison. Recent railway disasters in the United States have attracted much attention all over the world. One of the results has oeen the publication of comparative statistics which are startling to say the least. For instance, these statistias show that out of every 1,000 railway em employes the ratio of the number in jured each year in the United States is 43.5; in Switzerland, 25.3; England, 11.8; Belgium, 11, and Germany, 2.4. Further, they show that out of every 10,000 employes the relative figures of killed in the United States are. 26.1; in England, 12.3; Switzerland, 8.2; Russia, 8.2; Belgium, 4.1. In the matter of travelers injured France holds the lowest record in the world, while the United States shows proportionately 40 times as many as Italy, 20 times as'many as England, eight times as many as Belgium, and twice as many as Germany. Of course, the United States has mnore mileage than all .Europe combined, and runs more trains than Europe's roads do. In some cases the speed of its trains is greater, while all of its rolling stock is heavier. These matters have to be taken into consideration, yet there is no way in which considera ti can be~ expressed in figures in statistical statements of this kind. Blacks and 'Whites Fighzt. A dispatch from New York City says the fighting element amo'ng the ' whites and blacks in the vicinity of 136th and Fifth Avenue lined up ac cording to their racial prejudices again today. This time to settle a baseball dispute and when the ar gument was ended fifty persons re quired medical treatment and of that number two will die. Probably five thousand persons took part in the fight, but the 300 policemen who dis persed the mob after every one was fought out, got only nine prisoners and of these two were women. The trouble started at a ball game where a white -man and a colored, man had made a wager, and subse quently quarreled over the settle ment. Presently the sight of a white man and a colored man fighting started a general row, the crowd be ing about evenly divided in color. Every sort of weapon was used and for blocks the constantly augmented mob surged while the police reserves from eight precincts hammered away with their clubs to break the tangle. Occupants of homes along the lines of battle were not content to be spec tators only of the strife and from windows and points of vantage on the roofs every piece of crockery or urniture that could be spared was hurled down upon the heads of the rioters with reckless impartiality. Even women and children joined the fray. John McCue. a truck driver, 32 years old, and Matthews Murtha, aged 35 years, an a ai d "r', roepiv ed fractured skulls - *; e-. w ed to a hospital in a dying coudition. The injuries of others ranged from broken loses to serious razor cuts. This ,ecurred in the city of New York, where the negro is supposed to be mneh in favor. It only shows that the irrerpressible conflict is on, ad that sections have nothing what wm-r tn do with it.