Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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it0M SA STiE Caused by Earthquakes aind Volca noes in the World's History. MARTINIQUE ONE OF WORST Rankkk' With Li-,bon amiu hrauaoa alii Far IIcyonid P'onpeli. Descript ion o!'Two of the Worst Disasters. Some of the greatest disasters caus ed in modern and ancient times by %-( canic eruptions and earthquakes wrVe the following. beginning with I' est: Quesalter ang . ani ' e c Guatemna'a..: .1 Li'- :: OQ killd be earthlquake. Cilpanc:igo. IOXiexi January 1;. 1902 -:300 diead: earthquake. Shamaka. Russian Transcauc asia. February. 1902-200 killed: earth quake. Erzeroum. Armen -. November 12. 1901-22 killed: eariquake. Mt. Koelet, Java, Nlay. 19o1-.\boat 200 killed: volcanie eruption. Mt. Azuma, Japan. .luly. 1900-200 killed or injured: volcanic eruption. Island of Oram, East ludies, Octo ber 10, 1899- 4.000 killed: cart hquake. Aidin, Asia 'Minor. September 20. 1899-300 killed: earthquake. Venezuela. April 24. 1 94-:.000 killed: earthquake. Southern Greece. April. 1 94 -1.000 killed: earthquake. Island of Hlondu. Japan, October, 1891-10.000 killed: earthquake. Charleston, S. C.. August and Sep tember, 18S6 -38 killed: earthquakes. Mauna Loa. Hawaii, IS0-79 kill ed: earthquake. Isle of Ischia, 1883-2.000: killed: earthquake. Krakatoa. Strait of Sunda, May to August, 1883-36,380 killed: volcanic eruption. Djokjokarta, Java. 1867-1,000 kill ed: earthquake. Island of Martinique, 1S67-1.6001 dead; earthquake. Calabria, Italy, 1857-10,000 killed: earthquake. Fort Royal. Martinique, 1839-700 dead: earthquake. Mt. Garon. Island of St. Vincent, 1812-10,000 killed. volcanic eruption. Canton, China. May 27, 1830-6,000 killed: earthquake. Mt. Taal, Luzon. 1814-14,000 kill ed: volcanic eruption. Lisbon, Portugal, 1736-60.000 kill ed: earthquake. Kuehan, North Persia, 1755-40.000 killed; earthquake. Canton, China, November.30, 1731 100,000 killed: earthquake. Palermo, Sicily, 1726-6,000 killed: earthquakes. Calicia, Poland, 1268-20,000 killed: earthquake. Syria, 1158-20,000 kiled; earth quake. Cantania, Sicily, 1137-15,000 kill ed: earthquake. Constantinople, 337--Thousands killed: earthquake. Pompeii and Ilerculaneum, A. D. 79-2,000 to 3,000 killed: volcanic eruption. It will be seen that the cataclysm in Martinique. if the reports of 40.000 dead prove correct, ranks among the[ very worst of recorded disasters. THE LIsBON EARTHIQUAKE. History exhibits few catastrophies more terrible than that which was caused by the great earthquake which on November 1, 1753, leveled the city of Lisbon to the dust. On other oc casions, such as that of a siege, a famine or a plague, calamity ap proaches by degrees, giving its victims time to measure its growth and pre paring them as it were, to sustain an increasing weight of misery: but her dertruction fell upon the devoted city with the rapidity of a flash of light ming. A bright sun shone over Lisbon on that fatal morning. The weather was as mild and beautiful as on a fine sum mer's day in America, when, about 40 minutes past 9 in the morning, an earthquake shock, followed almost im mediately by another and another. brought down convents, churches, pal aces and houses in one common ruin, and at a very moderate computation occasioned the loss of 60.000 lives. "The shocking sight of the dead bodies" says an eyewitness of the scene, "together with the shrieks and cries of those who were half buried in the ruins, exceeds all description: for fear and consternation were so great that the most resolute person durst not stay a moment to remove a few stones off the friend he loved most. though many might have been saved by so doing: but nothing was thought of but self-preservation." Many of those who were not crushed or disabled by the falling buildings fled to the Tagus, vainly hoping that they might find there the safety which they had lost on land. For, soon af ter the shock, the sea also came rushing in like a torrent, though against wind and tide, and rising in an enormous wave, overflowed its banks. devouringz all it met on its destructive path. Many large vessels sank at once: others torn from their anchors. disappeared in the vortex, or, striking against each other, were shattered to pieces. A fine new stone quay. where about :i,000 persons had assembled for safety. slip ped into the river, and everyone was lost; nor did so much as a single body appear afterward. Had the misery ended here it might in some degree have admitted of re dress, for though lives could not be re stored. yet a great part of the immense riches that were in the ruins might have been recovered: but a new calam ity soon put an end to such hopes: for. in about two hours after the shock. fires broke out in three different parts of the city, caused by the goods and the kitchen fires being all jumbled together. About this time, also a fresh gale suddenly springing up made the tire rage with such violence that at the end of three days the greater part of the city was reduced to ashes. What the earthquake had spared fell a pray to fire, and the riames consumed thousands of mutilated victims, who. incapable of flight. lay half buried in the ruins. KRAKATOA ERUPT~IO'N. The terrible eruption of' Mount K ra katoa is well remembered by thous ands of the present generation. Krakatoa is a volei''n on an islandi of the same name in' the Strait of Sunda, between Ja'va m and uatra. Its earliest recorded eruptLion was in 1680O. The volcan-> the'n bem ir mant and stood as an irre&,ular peak 2.623 feet high until les. when there occurred one of the most stupendt'us eruptions ever known. The eruption began in May and con-. tmine until Auust 7. when a large :t& wre ONCft miles. the region Lt upper air nr s. the d1 'iwas carriied aroound h n :r: Caimd produced remark ab t wiliht os for InyIv miontlihs. T hos(n I of Iit etxpIlosion was heard a a d1istance of 2.247 miles. TIi \avS produ1ed in the air traivels four _tvi a ialf times a round !he worldl \aves tiftv feet higlh swepot tilL' he Jgne hing o re1 rs and smaller wv were observed oin distant coiasts Ver ha the urlohe. One 1un-ii mi s:\1 three villages were i r(y- d and iso humilan beinrs prihed. THE AWFUL EXPERIENCE <r a sm-vivor o& the St. Pierre Vol cano Dlisaster. .ames Ta r,. who was one of the 1lers (f t he Roraima, the Quebec iine steamship that was destroyed in the barbor of St. Pierre. gives a gra phic story of the t ragedy of last Thurs day, says a dispatch to The New York Hcrald from St. Kitts. Island of St. Christopher. B. W. I. 'We experienced the greatest dill culty in getting into port." said he. -Appalling sounds were issuing from the mountains behind the town. which was shrotded in darkness. All the passengers were up and some were try ingz to obtain photographs. 'SUddenly I he ard a tiemendous explosion. Ashes began to fall thicker upon the deck and I could see a black cloud sweeping down upon tp. I dived below, and. dragging with ime Samuel Thomas. a gangway man and felowcountryman, sprang into a room. shutting the door to keep (it the heat that was already unbearable. 'The ship rocked and I expected every moment that it would sink. Outide I heard a voice pleading for the door to be opened. It was Scott. the first officer, and I opened the door and dragged him into the room. "It soon became unbearably hot and I went on deck. All about were lying the dead and dying. Little children were moaning for water. I did what I could for them. I obtain ed water. but when it was held to their swollen lips they were unable to swallow, because of the ashes which clogged their throats. One little chap took water in this method and rinsed out the ashes, but even then could not swallow, so badly was his throat burned. Ile sank back unconscious and a few minutes later was dead. "All aft the ship was afire. and from the land came draughts of terri ble heat. At last, when I could stand it no longer I sprang overboard. The water was hot enough to parboil me, but a wave soon swept in from the ocean, bringing with it cool water. "I was caught in the receding wave, which was of tidal velocity, and was carried out to sea. Then on the re turn of the second wave I was wash ed against an overturned sloop, to which I clung. A few minutes later, I was joined by another man, whom I learned was Captain Muggah, of the Roraima. lIe was in a dreadful agony and kept begging piteously to be put on board his ship. "Picking up some wreckage and a tool chest, I and five others who join ed me, succeeded in forming a rude raft. on which we placed the captain. Seeing an upturned boat. 1 asked one of the five to swim out to it and bring it over so that Captain 3Muggah might have an opportunity to live. The man succeeded in getting the boat righted, but instead of returning he picked up two of his countrymen and went away in the direction of Fort de France. "Seeing the Roddam, which had ar rived in port soon after we anchored. making for the Roraima. I said good by to Captain 31uggah and swam tothe Ioddam. Before 1 could reach hier she burst into Ilames and put out tc sea. 1 tinally reached the Rtoraima about half past 2 o'clock in the after noon and later was taken off by th4 cruiser Suchet." ISamuel Thom'is, the gangway man. whose life was saved by Taylor. de scribes a woman who was burned t< death while she held her baby in hei arms. protecting it with her own bod) from the tire that filled the air. Th< child was alive long after its mothe1 had ceased to suffer. Carnegie's Offer. 31uch discussion has been arouset in Washington by a story printed ir New York Thursday that Andre' Carneiie has offered to furnish th< twenty million dollars this count) paid t'o spain for the Philippines,.i by that means he could be able to as sure the Filipinos that their indepen dence would ultimately be acknowledg. ed by the United States. The state ment wvas made by Geo. F. Steward o: New York. president of the Fidelit3 and Casualty Co., who is a warn friend of MIr. Carnegie. Hie says he i the original anti-imperialist and addet that 3Mr. Carnegie went to Presideni cKinley before the treaty with Spair Iwas signed and said he was convince( that we were forcing wvar on the Filip inos and wanted to be sent to th< Philippines with full power to promis< the Filipinos independence and 0] those conditions would pay himsel: the treaty price. Volcano in Nebraska. After asilence of thirty years Mount Iona, the only volcano in th( U ~nited States. is now reported to b< sending out smoke and steam. an: some of the peopie in the surrounding 'county say that low rumblings can t< herd. These -:eports are brough1 from Cedar County. Neb., where the moutain is situated. by travelers w~ho say thait the settlers in the neigh iyorhood are preparing to leave tL countv. The mountain is situated or th Missouri liiver. 150 miles abov. Omaha, and, while not of great height is hgh compared to the surroundinm nountry. It has been for years a sa cred place with tI' Indians. and it war 1ear there that the last big sun danet was held in 1l78. No indian will . to the mountain itself, as it has long been known to them as the hill of lire. Vlcano) In Mexico. The Coliimal volcano showsstrong in dications of a great eruption and the inhabitants living in the valley at it: base arc moving to safe distances fronr the peak, from which smoke and pu:ln of flame have b)een bel-hing for several days. Mount Colima has threatened renewed activity for several weeks. This condition caused the work 'f con structing the extension of the Mexican Central railroad to Manzanillo, passing nar the base of the mouintamin. t( cease temporarily. The route of the extension will probably be changed ir order to avoid any possible disaister tlat and eruption might bring. A (ood Rule. A Chicago lIoman Catholic who obtained a legal divorce because his wie desrted him. now wants to mairry acuain. but is t roubled because his NAPTHA EXYLODE. A Terrible flisa-ter in the Railroad Yard at Pittsburg. TWO H1UNDRED PEOPLE RURT. Thie Valatila Fluid Burns Over a Wide .\rea. (ausinxg injury and Ituin, ant killing Many Peeple. The Sheraden yard of the Vanhan i die railroad at 1-ittsburg. Pa.. was the scene "V"inesday afternon!; of one of the most disastrous explosions and tires known in that setion for many years. At least twenty-ne lives were lost and about 20o persons were s- badlv burned that. according to the judgment of physicians in attendance. I5 per cent of them will (lie from the effects of their injuries. The cause o.f the catastrophe was the explosion of a train of naphtha cars which was being switched at the yard. and in the switching the rear car telescoped the car forward. The leaking naphtha ignited from a switch light. causing an explosion. which threw the flames fifty feet higli. Much of the escaping naphtha ran through Corks Rin to Esplenborough, a distance of oneo and one-half miles. caudsling an explosiojn. blowing to atoms the Shera6ien IHotel and the Collins House and badly wrecking a frame building nearby. in which were con gregated 200 or more sports from Pittsburg and vicinity. betting on the races. base hall. etc. Few of the occupants of this building escaped in jury. many being badly hurt. Mirs. Seymour and her daughter, of the Sheraden hotel, were seriously and, it is feared, fatally injured. The first car of naphtha exploded about 4.40 o'clock and the spectacle soon attracted a large crowd on streets lining the hills on both sides of and parallel to the railroad. The section car exploded about 5 o'clock, but it was at 6.15 o'clock, when three more cars of the deadly stuff went up with a roar that could be heard for miles, that the work of destruction really be gan. A torrent of flame belched forth on each side of the track, sweeping back the terrified spectators like a charge of artillery, and sent a shower of flames over their heads. resembling Mont Pelee on a small scale. The scene that followed beggars de scription. The successive explosions had heated the air to such an extent that before the third explosion many were rendered unconscious by the ex treme heat and the gaseous fumes, and were being carried away when the torrent of flame swept over the excited crowd. There was an awful hush for a mo ment, then followed a scene of frenzy. MIen and women, their clothing ablaze, their faces scorched and blistered and their hair burned off their heads, ran wildly shrieking hither and thither. only intent on escape from that awful furnace of fire. Some gave vent to frenzied appeals to kill them and put them out of their misery, and little children, with their curly locks and light summer clothing, small pillars of fire, cried piteously as they were swept along by the tide of burning humanity. The town people did all in their power for the stricken vic tims and all the Pitsburg aimoulances were immediately dispatched to the scene with a corps of physicians. MIany of those not seriously burned were removed to their homes in Shera den, while others were sent to the various Pittsburg hospital?s, and the dead removed to undertaking estab lishments in Sheraden and vicinity and to the Pittsburg morgue. The Panhandle Railroad Company has thirty-six tracks through Shera den and has succeeded in keeping com c.unication open. The property loss will amount to at least $600,000. The list of known dead numbers twenty, all residents of Sheraden or vicinity. Several died last night -ahospitals. A mong them is Carl Eatings of Tip ton, Tenn.. who was badly burned about the head. A complete list of the wounded coiuld not be secured last night. A partial list contains twenty names. The accident happened in the rail road yards at Sheraden, where the Panhandle railroad makes a turn, near Corks run. Banked by two high hills hundreds of people were caught. At thIis point, which is about one-fourth of a mile from the city line, there are thirty-three tracks. Upon these .:raks were several hundred cars. Near the middle of these tracks about .43 O'clock a heavy freight train was being made up for the wvest. In this train were ten tank cars, containing refined petroleum and naphtha. In -the shifting necessary to prepare the train for her journey a switch was made with too much force. Five tank Icars, two (of them tilled with refined 'petroleum and two with naphtha, were switched with too much force and one of the cars of naphtha was broken. Instantly the i nflammnable by-product poured Out in a stream. Te trainmen. seeing that one of tne Icars was damaged. started to pull them all out of the way. Already the men in charge of the switch light had made his rounds and -the lights were burning. As the tank car passed over one of the lights the dropping naphtha caught on the little flame and almost instantly an explo shin followed. A Practical Refo~rm. A Pennsylvanian tells of a practical reform in his State that is good enough to be put in operation every where. l e said: "All ov~er~ Pennsyl -Ivania anti-swearing societies are being formed. and the peoiple are joining them by the hundreds. The object oft the societies is toi bring about a cessation of profanity in ordinary con v-ersation. 1 believe that a vast deal of good will come of this movement. and hope to see It spread to other parts of the Union. The fact is that a large per cent (of men use profane speech to an extent that they scarcely realize. A gentleman ought noit to mar his talk with coarse and meaning less expletives, and I believes, the day is coming when frequent oaths will not be tolerated in decent societies. Was Too Quick. W \hen lailer Craig entered the jail corridors at Roanoke. \'a., Thursday e enng he was murderously assaa.lted by twvo negroi prisoners who had Poped t make thetr escape. During a strug "le which followed (ine of the negroes. ~ob Payne. was slot and fatally in jured by jailer Craig. The men es caped from jail two weeks ago with A STORY OF HORROK. Dlisaster to 'st. Pierre. Ak d ispatelh from F'ort )e E rtn(. wlhich is ain 'lailineque Islanr. ten mi les froIm St. Pierre. savs vessels h1:i ye leenl sVnt I(' 11 1.110 l 111e,0laV wii soldiers. priests and a quantity of. lire wood, petroleum and quick lime. for us in the cremnation of t1he bodies of the victhiins of the t errible Volcanic out break. When nearing SL. Pierre the vessels met a number of tug's towing' ligrhters lillel with refu gees. IHeat. from the sinoking lava, covered the ruins of St. Pierre. was sulfocating and the stench from the corpses strewn along the streets is awful. Only few walls are standing. On all sides were found portions (f corpses. which were gathered up by the soldiers and gendarmes and burned on one of the public squares. Not a drop of water is procurable ashore. Darkness was caused by the clouds o. volcanic dust. shrouded thec town. and continuous subterranean rumblings added to the horror of the scene. The fort and central quarter of the town were razed to the ground. and were replaced by beds of hot cinders. Iron grille work gate of the government offices alone are standing. There is no trace of streets. Huge hcaps of smoking ashes are seen on all sides. Hundreds of corpses were lying in all kinds of attitudes. showing the victims had met death as if by a lightning stroke. Every vestige of clothing was burned away from the charred bodies. Curiously enough the features of the dead were general ly calm and reposeful, although in some cases terrible fright and agony is depicted. Grim piles of bodies are staked everywhere. showing death to have stricken them while the crowds were vainly seeking to escape from the fiery deluge. On one spot a grourf of nine children were found locked each in each others arms. Brielly put, last Thursday morning .the city of St. Pieere disappeared within live minutes in a whirlwind, tire vomiting from Mont Pelee; 30. 000 persons were instantly and horri bly killed and the volcano, whose C-ra ter for more than 50 years had been occupied by a quiet lake in which pic nic parties bathed, suddedly dis charged a torrent of fiery mud, which rolled towards the sea, engulfing everything before it. Then the last of cable communication was broken. and the doomed city was isolated from the world. Thirty thousand corpses are strewn about, buried in the ruins of St. Pierre, or else floating, gnawed by sharks, in the surrounding seas. The still smoking volcano towered above the ash-covered hills. The ruins were burning in many places and frightful odors of burned tiesh filled the air. Not one house was left intact. Viscid heaps of mud. of brighter ashes or piles of volcano stones, were seen on every side. The streets could hardly be traced. Here and there amid the ruins were heaps of corpses. Almost all the faces were downward. In one corner 22 bodies of men, women and children were mingled in one awful mass, arms and legs protruding as the hapless beings fell in the last struggles of death's agony. Huge blocks and still hot stones were scattered about. From under one large stone the arm of a white woman protruded. Most nota ble was the utter silence and the aw ful, overpowering stench from the thousands of dcead. Careful inspection showed that the fiery stream which sd completely de stroyed St. Pierre must have been composed of poisonous gases, which instantly suffocated every one who in haled them, anid of other gases burn ing furiously, for nearly all the vic tims had their hands covering their mouths or were in some other atti tude. showing that they had sought relief from suffocation. All the bodies are carbonized or roasted. A POLITICAL SENSATION. Judge Clark Says Judge Simanton Rode on Free Passes. A dispatch from Charlotte says Judge Walter Clark gives out for pulication the letters he wrote to Gov. Russalil(during the fusion rule in connection therewith defends himself the charge that he instigated suits against corporations and persons knowing that later the eases would come before his court for ad judication. He says all that he did was honorable and for the best interest of the state. and that the fight against him is in stigated by the big railroad corpora tions, who wish to defeat him because they can't control his decisions. One of the letters wvhich Judge Clark admits writing is related to alleged free trips to Raleigh madle by United States Circuit .Iudge Simon ton. and is as follows: "Permit a suggestion-Acts 1891, chapter :320. sec. 4 clearly and unmis tably makes anyv discrimination 'an offence' punishable '>y tinr' not less than $l.000 nor more than $5.000. Send W. C. Douglas today to Solicitor Pou, inform him what he heard of Page and have bill v. railroad sent for hauling for one-half price. Sum mon Page and freight agent here with his books. and the party whose goods were hauled free (or one-half price.) ie cannot refuse to testify, as he is not indictable, only the common car rier. "In this way you can get the evi dence you want. Again last .Ianuary Siionton came here to bold court not only on a free pass, but in a private palace car free, Hie is not indictable, but the railroad can be made to swell our school fund $5,000 for 'having had the honor.' etc., to gi ve him free cars. free passes, free food etc., and the nstional and state publicity given the transaction will open the eyes of the plain. common people.' both in North Carlina and throughout the Enion. "A very little trouble will get bills as to above transactions. and it is worth it. "Destroy this after reading." MIore than one of the letters were marked " Personal."' and asked that they be destroyed. This. .Judge Clark says, was in urder to keep the rail roads from seizing them and trying to make capital against him. Shot and Killed. Hillary Hlolloman was shot and kill ed on MIonday afternoon while on his return home from Kingstreet by his brother-in-law H. HI. I rolwn. They had both been im bihing freely 0of liquor and were riding in a wagon together when a drunken quarrel arose. THE News and Courier sacs "if Gen. Weyler knows an opportunity when lie sees one he wvill not fail t o move his Government to make some kind of pro test in the right qluarter regardiag the uncivilized character of the wvar in THE WEATIER AND CROPS. The l'ast ii eek Has Becii FavorabIl' ill Every Respect. The weeklY bulletin if the c'ondition of the weather ind the crops was is sued h:ist week hv Director Bauer ,f t he Smith Carolina section of the cli mnate and crop service of the United Slates weather bureau as follows: The temperature was again about ( degrees per day above normal. during the week ending Monday morning, May 12th. the average for the week having been 76 degrees. with maxi mum of 99 degrees at Bowman on the 4th. and a minimum of 48 degrees at Gaffney on the 8th. The sunshine av eraged about normal, with partly clOudv days and clear nights. The rainfall for the week was gen erally light. except in spots over the southeastern counties and the Savan nah valley, where it was copious, and of great benetit to crops. although it failed to thoroughly relieve the drought, at any point. There were also numer ous but widely scattered showers on the 7-8th over the entire State. but they were local, partial. generally light. and entirely insutilcient. In the Pee Iee sections the drought is becom ing serious. There were heavy show ers on the early morning of the 12th. in the central and northeastern coun ties. and possibly throughout the State, but they occurred too late to be fully reported in this bulletin. The week was favorable for farm work whichi made rapid progress. Planting, operations are practically fin ished. except on bottom lands that have bect either too wet or too hard to cultivate. It is the exception this year to have poor stands of corn reported, and m . uch less than the usual amount of replanting has been necessary owing to birds and worms. Corn has a healthy appearance. and is well cultivated. most of it having received its first and some its secound working. As yet. the dry weather has not hurt corn to any appreciable extent. Cotton is up, or coming up, from "very good" to "fairly good" stands over the whole State, with slight ex ceptions limited to late plantings, where the ground is too dry for ger mination Much has been chopped to stands, and considerable has been cul tivated. The plants are sturdy and healthy in appearance. Tobacco is not doing so well as last week, owing to the prevailing dry weather that injured stands but where sufficient rain fell the crop continues in excellent condition. Wheat failed materially and will be below the av erage. it is heading and some is turn ing color. Oats are exceedingly vari able, but generally stand in need of rain. Harvest has made slow progress. Truck and sea island cotton were ben etitted by the rains along the coast. Rice planting Is practically finished; stands are good, most favorable in the Georgetown district.. There is an increased number reports on peaches dropping. Sweet potato slips are being set out. Colorado beetles on white po tatoes are more numerous and destruc tive than ever before known. Gar dens, pastures and minor crops need a general soaking rain. COULD HAVE ESCAPED. Scenes in the City of St. Pierre Just .Be fore the Eruption. . Relatives and friends of Thomas T. Prentis. United States consul at St. Pierre, whose home is at Melrose, Mass., are in grave fear that he and his family were among those who per ished in the lake of molten lava that swept over the city. With him were his wife and two daughters and no woird has been received from them since the destruction of the island City. Friends of the family have not en tirely abandoned hope that they may have escaped with their lives, arguing that the severing of the cables and general demoralization in Martinique and St. Vincent could easily account for the absence of news from Consul Prentis. Miss Alice Fry, a sister of Mrs. Prentis, who lives in Melrose, re ceived a letter from her on Friday. -earing the date of April 25. The letter was i n part as follows: "his morning the whole popula tion of the city is on the alert and every eye is directed toward Mont Pelee, an extinct volcano. Everybody is afraid that the volcano has taken into its heart to burst forth and de stroy the whole island. "All the inhabitants are going up to see it. There is not a horse to be had on the island, those belonging to the natives being kept in readiness to leave at a moment's notice. Last Wednesday, which w'as April 23. I was in my room with little Christine, and we heard three distinct shocks. They wvere so great that we suppose at irst that there was some one at the door. and Christine went and found no one there. The first report was very loud, but the second and third were so great that dishes were thrown from the shelves and the house was cornpletely rocked. "We can see Mont Pelee from the rear windows of our house. and al though it is fully four miles away, we can hear the roar and see the fire and lava issuing from it with terrific force. The city iscovercd with ashes. and clouds of smoke have been over our heads for the past five days. The smell of sulphur is so strong that horses on the street stop and snort, and some of them are obliged to give up. drop in their harness and die from the suffocation. "Many of the people are obliged to wear wet handkerchiefs over their faces te protect them from the strong fumes of sulphur. My husband as sures me that there is no immedate danger. and when there is the least particle of danger we will. leave the place. There is an American schooner. the It. .1. Morse, ini the harbor, and wil remain here for at least two weeks. "If the volcano becomes very bad wve shall embark at once and go out to sea." L~ate reports leave no doubt of the sadI fate of Mr. Prentis and his family. They were all burned to death in the fated1 city. If the state has the right to tax the people to educate the children of the state."' says President C. E. Yaw ter of the Miller school, "then it sure ly should use the money in that way which will give the state the best re sults. It should educate our children towrd what they have to do in life. not away from it. There is no deny ing the fact that our present scholas tic education tends to draw our chil dren away from industrial pursuits. Surely the objiect of public education should be to enable our children to be come good. useful. honest. loyal citi zens, and equip them for life-work thtes lc hfore them." Gin MOST HEALThFU CITY. Mariou, Ia.. Given This Distiaction by the 'nited States Maia* Hospital Service. The most healthful place in th-e United States to live is Marion, Ia., according to reports received by the marine hospital service from 1,190 cit ies and towns having a population of 1,000 or over. Tlhnre may have been a more healthful place than Marion, but if so no official returns were re ceived from it. Marion has a po-pula tion of 4,102. and there were only six deaths in 1900, making a death rate of ,he phenominally low figure of 1.46 per 1,000. The average of the death rate in all the cities and towns was 17.47. It appears from the compilation of the marine hospital service that the state having the bst record for health last year was North Dakota, with a death rate of only 6.95 per 1,000 of pop ulation. By far the most healthful of the populous states, however, was Iowa, the death rate being 11.17. Ohio, which made reports from towns aggregating a population of more than 1,500,000 shows a death rate of only 14.34. The n otalble reports of healthfulness come from the northwest and central western states. Minnesota, the Da kotas.. Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, Idaho and Montana all have exceedingly low death rates. On the other hand, the states which are wvidelv known as health resorts, such as A.'zona. Colo rado and California. have a compara tiv-lv high mortality.probahly because many persons suffering from incur able pulmonary troubles go there and (lie. California last year had an average death rate of 17.63: Colorado, 25.29, and \rizona. 32.28. The last named state had the highest rate of mortality of nny state or t!rritorv in the union. New York state's mortality was 19.35. The town in the United Stat- hav ing the highest rate of mortality last year was Carlyle,' ll. The population w-as 1.S74, and th- number of deaths, 100. making a death rate of 53.31. The most unhealthful of the large citie.s was Washington, with a death rate of 21.71. Baltimore's death rate was 21.02t Philadelphia, 19.38; Boston, 20.82. and Chicago, 14.69. WILD MAN IN THE WOODS. A Moet Startling Diseovery Is Made by Two Hunters in the Wilds of Michigan. Adolph Meiser and John Slattery, two young men from Crystal Falls, Mich., who were hunting partridges on the headwaters of the Deer river, about 14 ailes from that city, met what they assert was a wild man. His hair was long and shaggy and long whiskers nearly covered his face, show ing that they had been growing for some time. The hunters got within 30 feet of the man before they saw him or he them, and all were surprised when the stranger snarled at them. Meiser attempted to talk to him, but all the response he could get was: "Publie, public, public." When Slattery and Meiser moved forward the stranger gave a terrible yell ard darted into the bushes. He ran like a deer, bounding over the windfalls and stumps. The strange man was large, but had become emaciated from exposure and hunger. The clothes he had on were in shreds exposing his bod-y to view. He carried part of a gun barrel and a tent pole in his hands and when found was eating the carcass of a dead skunk. The Crystal Falls men hurried to town and reported the discovery, and a posse was- organized to hunt for the man. It is thought that the man is some unfortunate hunter who has been lost in the woods and become insane from fright. The territory where the man was seen is a large stretch of woods, and a person might roam there for months without meeting anyone. The posse will stay out until they find the man. Minister Referees Boxing Match. Members of the congregation of St. John's Episcopal church in Ho boken, N. J., are in a state of tur moil over the fact that their rector, Rev. David B. Matthews, acted as a referee at a boxing match the other night. Und er the auspices of the St. John's cadets, an organization con nected with the church, a minstrel show was given that evening, and the last number on the programme was a boxing bout between Charles Rogers and August Tierney, two members of the cadeta. The rector was referee, and the "p" was an exceedingly warm one. was of three rounds' duration, and both youngsters were pretty well pun ished. The minister showed a fa miliarity with the tactics of the ring that amazed some of the staid mem bers of the congregation. Canada's F'orests. The Ottawa (Ont.) correspondent of the New York Tribune says: Canada's forests are foimnd to be equal to sup plying the world with pulp wood alone for 840 years, on the basis of 1,500,000 tons of manufactured pulp a year. This is the estimate of J. C. Langeller, superintend.ent of the forest rangers of Quebec. It is given in a paper to the Canadian Forestry association, re produced in the second annual report of the association just issued. Mr. Langelier takes 1.500.000 tons of pulp yearly as his basis, that being about the total production of the United States. Plain Murder Either Way. If a crowd is justified in lynching a man one man is justified in putting another man to death, says the In dianapolis News. In the latter in stance it is perfectly plain that the at is murder, hut it is just as plain ly an act of murder when the victim nffers death ht the hands of a mob. The Berlin correspondent of 'the New York Times says that, according to the Berliner Tageblatt. the minis ter of education has issued new regu lations in regard to the admission of foreign students at the Berlin tech nical college. The Germans complain that the foreig'ners crowd them out of the laboratories and lecture rooms. and that the foreigners are admitted without any documentary evidence of previous education. The chief offend ers are Russians. It is now reported that the minis ter directs that Russians are only to be admit ted if they can prove previous attendance or matricutlation at a Rus sian technical college. Other foreign ers must produce a certificate of gen era! education as well as proof that they have attended a technical col It has also been decided, according to the Berliner Tageblatt, that a small class of students called "hospitante." now admitted to the lectures at Ger man universities as guests. without the right of ohtainingz certificates or degrees, shall be abolishedl ini the ma chine engineering department of the :ollege, and only allowed in other de partments under exceptional circum ancs The I artford ("ourant,1: exiaii . i delence of Gen smith. or "Hell-1liar ing --Jaki" as he is known to his I roops. t hai he has only been following Ile example in our own country of ihe greatest "Aierican general. under whom he was trained. I b Iir1st quoted as saying for him-:l:a published interview: "Of course I unde insurgents hate me. iL >i have knocked them out. If th,:' (general order 100) had been uniforn-: enforced throughout Luzon. there would not even be the ghost of a re bellion to-day. Inhuman? I think not. If it was not too severe for our own pcople at. home during the civ.1 war. il is not to. reverl for1 ie Malays.* -Tat last sentence." sal:, Courant, --s'huld set people lhinking and remembering, it dos ot Itlee to thc doings of "thl bushwiackers and jayhiwkers. the "Quantrells and Sherian's bummers." What it does refer to is very carefully specified. VWhat follows is the substance of the Courant's own statement and for the most in its own words. In December. 1861, (en lialleck. in command in Missouri. ordered that all pretended Union men caught giving information to the enemy, burninr bridges. destroying -railroad or tele graphs. etc, "or "tacitly conniving at such things with a "guilty knowledge of them." should be shot, and he re minded the Missourians that the laws of.war "make no distinction 'of sex. In 1862 Gen Granger wrote from Rienzi." There must be some definite and fixed pelicy on our part to combat and break up this most infernal guer rilla system of thieves. It is bound soon to waste an entire army away and for no equiA'alent. We must push every man, woman and child before us, or put every man .o death found in our lines." in the same year Gen G. M. Dedge wrote with reference to three coun. ties in Tennessee-"not in Samar." as the Courant observes: "I believe our policy is'to burn up these counties. They pay no attention to the oath, and feed and and guide the rebels." In the same year Gen Sherman, then at "Memphis. ordered an Illinois regi ment to go on board a steamer. cross the river, disembark before daylight on the Arkansas side, near Eimgrove postotlice, and then "proceed to destroy all the houses, farms and corntields from that point up to Hopefleld." The distance between the two places is not mentioned. The provo cation for the order was that guerril las had fired on a gunboat. In 1864 the same officer wrote from Rome. Ga., to one of his subordinates, Gen. Watkis: "Can you not send over about Fair mount and Adairsville, burn ten or twelve houses of known secessionists, kill a few at random-and let them know that it will be repeated every time a train is fired on from Resaca to, Kingston.'' Before starting to the sea he wrote to Grant that he was going to "make desolationi every where," to Col. Beckwith that he was going "ruin Georgia," to Gen. James H. Wilson that he was going to leave a trail that will be recognized fifty years hence." "Everybody knows," the Courant remarks, 'how he kept his word." "Everybody knows," it adds, "what Sheridan did to the Shenandoah Valley." Applying the lesson of these interesting reminiscences in defence of Smith, the paper goes on to say: "He has done no more * ** than the greatest American generals have done in our own country. To those great generals war was war. It was in the army which idolized them than Jacob, H. Smith toted a musket and won his first shoulder straps. No wonder he doesn't see why war should be waged so much more gently, tenderly and politely on treacherous 3Malavs than it was, in his youth, an white Americans." The News and Courier, from which paper we clip the above, says "we have, nothing to add to the Courant's state mnents, and need make no comment on its line of argument, perhaps, except that it appears to have fully made out its case. Island of St. Vincent. St. Vincent is a British possession. Island is about 17 miles long and 10 miles broad. Population, approximately, 45,000, which there are :30,000 negroes, 3.000 whites and 12,000, of mixed races. Whole northern part of the island swept by lake of lava from tile crater oif Soultiere and 3Morne Garon, the lat ter being the peak of the volcanic ridge that divides the island east and west. Lava-ilooded district lies between flelair and Georgetown. Capital of the island is Kingstn, with a population of about 8.0010, chielly negroes. This town is 12 miles distant from the volcanoes now in eruption. St. Vincent was once prosperous by reason of sugar cultivation, but this industry has fallen into decay. Thel chief product now is arrowroot. The whole island is of volcanic crea tion. This is the second devastating flood of lava that has swept the island, the other occurring in 1812. KILLED BY THE TRAIN-A white man by the name of Clyde Douglass was killed at St. MIatthews on last Thursday night at 8 o'clock by the train. The correspondent of The State says the unfortunate man was in St. MIatthews Thursday drinking pretty heavily and had declared to the porter at the depot his intention to ride the blind baggage to Columbia.I No one saw the incident, but it is supposed he was endavoring to carry out his expressed purpose while drunk and was killed. Nothing definite of the man is known and he is set down as a tramp mechanic. The train cre w ignorant of the fact that a man had been killed until wired to up the road. No blame attaches to the railroad of its officials. Ed Burnett, a young man of 3Macon. Ga., had a narrow escape from serious injury and perhaps death Wednesday. He was leaning out of the second story window of a store when he lost his balance and fell out headforemost. Iis body made a half turn in the descent and he struck upon his right shoulder on the awning over the door way and bounded off. lie made a complete sumersault and landed on his feet on the stone sidewalk and did not sustain the slightest injury. Specta tors who saw Burnett fall thought he would strike upon his head and break his neck. BROKE THE SAMATH Missouri Man Fined for Working on the Lord's Day. Jury at Mexico Finds a Varmer Guilty of Sealding Bogs and Whitewashing Trees on Sunday and Fines Him $20 and Costs. The jury of 12 Audrain county citi zens in the circuit court at Mexico, Mo.. the other day found Godfrey Winzer, a German farmer, guilty of working on the Sabbath, commonly called Sunday. He was found guilty ou two different charges and was .ned ten dollers and costs in each ea'se. The law under which the 'indict nw-n is were found is as follows: t. ierson who shall either la t,:- L>n-!: or compel his apprentice or servant or any other person dn der L..: ..,e or control tj labor or perfor:n any work other than the household ofices of daily necessity or other works of necessity or chari ty, or who shall be guilty of hunting game or shooting on the first day of t'(- week, commonly called Sunday, be deemed guilty of a misde mear:;r, and shall be lined not ex Wil.er resides in a Christian com mnoi:ty. nL:ar the Litteby Methodist A. :!r--h. south. His house isif proximity to the church. 11is nCa: est ;!eC.ghbors, who were the wit new-es a7:.:it him in the case,. testi fied that tie had son Winzer de fying tle Sabbath law by scalding hogs, whitewashing tmes, -stacking oats and straw and rendering lard on Sunday. These witnesses appeared before the grand jury, and Winzer was in dicted on five different counts. The case was called in the morh ing, and after a hard fight it went to the jury in the evening. Court was held open till nearly ten o'clock at n:ght waiting for the verdict. Just hefure a! -ourning for the evening the jury r.. turned a verdict of not guilty on the chiarges of stacking oats and straw and rendering lard. The jury was sent back by Judge Hughes and requested to report in the morning on the other two counts. After a few hours' consideration they returned a verdict of guilty on the counts of scalding hogs and white washing trees. It is estimated that the case will cost the Sabbath-briak er $100. The attorneys state that a new trial will be asked, and that they ex pect to take the case to the supreme court if necessary. They admit, howv ever, that the law on the question has been decided constitutional, but they claim Winzer is not guilty of violat ing it. Captain Andrews and His Bride A"e fighted on the Ocean in Teir small 11at. An incoming steamer reports hay-. ing passed the Dark Secret, the lit tle canvas-covered folding-boat in which Capt. William Andrews and his bride started for a honeymoon trip across the Atlantic three days ago. The little craft was reported to be making fair headway, thoumgh pound ing a good deal owing to lying so low on the water. The Dark Secret is _14 feet in length and sits danger ously deep in the water as the re sult of the stores which have been packed in every nook of the boat and her 300 pounds of lead ballist. Capt. Andrews means to hold his course toward the Azore islands. He expects that with ordinary fair weather he will make them in eight weeks. He counts on the Dark Se cret making ten miles an hour. He is alone in the belief that she will make that time. Half the speed is what is given her by many author ities owing to the light sails carried and the peculiar build of the Dark Secret. Three or four months may be necessary to make a successful journey. Capt. Andrews has achieved much on voyages in small boats. He sailed the dory Nautilus, a 15-foot* boat, from Boston to the Paris exposition in 1878. On this trip he was accom panied by his brother Walter. The voyage lasted 45 days. He was 62 days alone on the ocean in the boat Dark Secret, 15 feet long, in 1888. He sailed 34 days alone in the can vas-covered folding-boat Phantom Ship, a 131-foot craft, in 1898, and 1,000 miles alone in the Dover, a 12 foot boat of the same style, in 1899. WANT'S A HATOEERY. Orangeburg Claims the Very Place for Fish Culture Station. A dispatch from Washington to The State says Orangeburg .is already martailling her forces to land the new' ish cultural station provided for in Senator Tillmnan's bill which has pass ed the senate and will very -probably pass the house this session. The bill carries an appropriation of -$25,000 for this purpose, haut leaves the selec tion of a site to the fish commission. Representative Lever has placed on file with the commissoners a-..petition signed by the mayor and leading cit izens of Orangeburg setting forth the claims (f that. town for the' new sta tion and asking that a special agent be sent there to go over the ground and report to the commission before a site is determind upon in case Senator Till mans bill becomnes a law. Rlepresenta tive Lever saw Commissoner Bowers Friday and was assured that Orange burg's claims would have careful con sideration and that the suggestion of an agent to invesigate the topography of that section would probably be adopted. it seems that in loking around for a suitable site for such a station special inquiry is made as to the abundance of the water, supply. Wherever it is possible. a site is selec ted upon a hill from which flows a number of clear water streams. It is necessary that the streams be free - from refuse and so located as to pemit the establishing upon them the numer ous ponds connected with the station. Representative Lever is of the opinion that a location admirably filling these requirements is to be found just out side the town of Orangeburg on what is known as "Duke's fishery." In talking Friday with Commnissoner locating a fish station here and filed with him numerous papers and maps showing the topography of the country. Rlepresentative Lever said. that he considers Orangebu-rg's chances admirable for securing the fish station and if an agent is sent dlown by the commission to look the ground over he hopes to accompany him and assist in showing him around. The establish ment of a $25,000 fish station in the State means much for South Carolina and while Orangeburg would benefit specially by having it placed there the entire State will enjoy it advan