Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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M'LAVRIN'S SPEECH AT SPARTANBVR( "From the Rock B3ound Coast 0 Maine to the Pacific Golden Gate; From Superior's Crystal Waters t< the Evergreen Shores of the Mexica Sea, Brothers Are We All"-"And the Thoughts of Men Are Widened.' While the 4th of July, 1776, was thi date of the Declaration of Independence the 4th of July. 1801, was the time whet it was carried into full effect by the es tablishment of the capital, so that thie country is really but a century old. Unior and independence forever is today the watchword o" 76 million American free men. When the nineteenth century was born, there was not a nation in which the subjects had a voice in the affairs of gov ernment. The influence of the United Slates has been such during the past cen tury that there is not a civilized natior in the affairs of which the people have nc voice. They vote even in Russia. There are now five republics upon the continent of Europe. There are no nations that are not sepublics in the western hemisphere and there are two republics in Africa Having republicanized the world and u:de every nation recognize, at least tc some extent, the principles outlined it our declaration of independence, we nom open a new century, as the beacon light of the world, in bringing about the nat ural sequences of this universal brother hood of manhood, taught first by Christ when upon the earth, and forgotter through eighteen centuries, the dealing together of the nations of the earth tc their mutual profit, in the advancement of civilization, the promotion of peace and the enhancement of their material welfare. Our forefathers pledged in a revolution their lives, their fortunes and their sa. cred honor to secure for us this boon. They forecasted the future; and built the foundations of our free government upon broad and patriotic principles, which in their triumph would secure a perpetual union 'of states and an enduring inde pendence of the nation. E The crises through which we have passed, while menacing the stability of the union, have never imperilled our freedom. The civil war was a severe shock to the unity of the states, but we have passed through the fiery ordeal, and today have a Union stronger and a patriotism broader and deeper than ever. In all this land, from Maine to California, from the Lakes to the Gulf, -there is but one heart, one country, and one people, all cemented together, by the ties of true patriotism and the love of human freedom. Well may the American people, North, South, East and West, glory in this day, hal lowed as It is by the associations and triumphs of the past, and magnified by the bright promises of the future. Our past as a nation is safe, but it is gone for ever: we cannot recall or change it. We can, however, seize the present, and wise ly use the opportunity to make our future the realization of the wildest dreams of the most optimistic American. THE LESSoNS oF THE PAST. I propose today to emphasize our pres ent splendid opportunities as a nation e.nd the grand results to flow from their full appreciation and utilization. We are standing today with the vanishing shad ows of the last century playing about our feet, while the dim light of the dawning new century kisses our brow. From the top of Time's highest peak we can look backward along the great highway that sli nations have traveled, we can see the steady footsteps of the human race, as it has plodded on and on, making epochs in earth's history and rearing monuments to mark human progress. Let us, my fel low-citizens, learn wisdom from the past. Its follies, crimes and blunders may be turned into sublime stepping stones, to lift our generation to a higher plane of gistence. Along the highway, where we have passed, hate, sectionalism and blind partisanship show where the road has dropped off into many an abyss, ragged and deep. The torn garments and the whitened bones we see far down below Should warn us to turn and seek the bet ter path, at whose summit lie sweet pros. perity, liberty, peace and justice. Step by step the procees of education and ad vancement has proceeded. Each century has shown some progress in a certain di rection in human thought, in human en deavor and in human improvement. "I doubt not thro' the ages one increas. tug purpose runs, And the thoughts of men are widened with the process of the suns." The thought so beautifully expressed In the parable of the sowers is true of na tions as well as oflindividuals,. "'Behold there went out a sower to sow, and he sowed, some fell by the wayside and the fowls of the air came and devour ed It up." This was true right in Jerusa lem. "And some fell on stony ground where It had not much earth and imme diately it sprang up, because it had no depth of earth, but when the sun was up, it was scorched, and because it had no root it withered away." This was true in Bomne, where Christians were put to death i the Coliseum. "And some fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it, and it yielded no fruit." This was true in Persia, which at that time led the civilization of the world. We get our eommon school system from Prussia, who got it directl' from Persia. "And others fell on good ground and did pield fruit that sprang up and increased, some thirty and some sixty and some an hundred-" It fell upon good ground in Germany and brought forth the Lutheran sformation. It fell on good ground in England and brought forth the full estab lishment of Protestantism. It fell upon good ground in New England and brought Sorth the largest degree of religious and personal liberty ever known. It might be sid that the good ground upon which it 4.11 all belozil to the Saxon races. The COTTON HAS IPROVED) But the Outlook for a Corn Cr< is Gloomny. The following is the weekly bullets of the condition of the weather az the crops issuea Wednesday by Dire tor Bauer of the South Carolina se tion of the climate and crop service the United States weather bureau: The week ending 8 a. in., M.onda: July 15th, had nearly normal tempe sture, but was slightly cooler tht usual over the southeastern portio: where there was also a deficiency sunshine. The week's maximum w: 100 at Blackville on the 12th, and ti minimum was 65 at Greenville at Spartanburg on the 9dh, 10th and 11t] There was one severe local storm Piokens sounty, and there were higi drying winds during the middle of tl week throughout the St'te. Showers were frequent, and son quite heavy, along the southeaster coast and over the northeastern cour ties -a there were light soattere human eye cannot look suddenly upon a dazzlir. liiht without Bring blinded; when toe Son of God first preached the doctrine of the Kingidont of Heaven, in I which all who subjected themselves to the dotminion of the divine Ruler should be equal and all should he brothers, human eyes were dazzled at the prospect. and the first sight of this splendid liberty was followed by a period of darkness so intense that it has always be -n known in history as the dark ages." Then the light of liberty flickered through the clouds, and some men saw it, and keeping their eyes upon it followed its beckoning to the western hemisphere, where the clouds wero dispelled and the full light broke forth, des;mined to illumin ate t he world, never again to be darkened. 'hit was recognized in a happy way by the people of France. who had groped for the light and fought for a glimpse of it until the streets of Paris ran in blood. I thought of this two weeks ago, as I sat on the deck of a steamer and saw the mag niticent statue of Liberty, which in her gratitude France presented to the nation which had hewn the way for liberty to become possible. That statue now adorns the harbor of New York, holding a torch in its hand to light the way across the seas, that those in distant climes may view the light which shines from the shores of America. Upon this statue is inscribed "Liberty enlightens the world." In its band is the wreath of peace. It en lightens The world, not by the clash of arms, or the frowns of despotism. but by the light of liberty, which, when it shines in the breasts of men, causes them to obey the only commandment ever given by the Son of God, "That ye love one another." MORAL ADVANCEMENT GoD'S PURPOSE. No nation in the past has had such a government as ours, and hence the results accomplished by us up to the 19th century was nothing but a preparatory work. The nations of the present day have utilized this preparatory work and founded their governments upon a code which recognizes God and his moral government of the universe, and man's responsibility in carrying out the designs of this moral government in the elevation of the race. And of all the nations we have established a.government combining all the excellen cies of all others that have ever existed. It has for its foundations the indestructi ble principles of true religion, human freedom and general human progress. The United States are for this reason destined to play an important and con spicuous part in the future history of the world. Isolated in the Occident, as the earliest of the race were in the Orient, she is to become the center from which light, knowledge and civilization are to be dif fused over the whole earth. The efents of the last half century have been pregnant with world wide conse quences. These have conspired to make us as a nation of far more importance to the human race and its future history than ever the chosen nation of God was in the infancy of the world. More progress has been made in science, the arts, dis coveries, and in all intellectual achieve ments, during the last century than had been made in sixty centuries. It seems as if the human mind was suddenly re lieved from the incubus under which it had labored for the ages. and with some thing like inspiration entered into the vast field of the occult and undiscovered ele ments of nature and made them subservi ent to the phenomenal advancement of the race. Since the morning stars sang together at the creation, the atmosphere and all nature have had diffused in thena the element of electricity, and yet its presence and utility escaped the attention of all the sages and philosophers of an tiquity. It was left for the christianized mind of the 19th century to comprehend its mysterious power and nature, and to make it a potential and useful agent in the practical affairs of life. In the field of discovery the mechanical Inventions of the last half century have revolutionized agriculture and all indus trial conditions, and furnished substi tutes for the labor of man which accom plish all the wonders of the human will and intellect. For the ages, the principle of these inventions lay dormant in the vast storehouse of nature, and human in genuity failed to comprehend it and make it a factor in progress and civilization. It was reserved for the inquisitive intellect of the 19th century, quickened by the in spiring ~Infinences of christianity, to ex plore this rich mine of nature, and to har ness the forces there stored away in ma chinery which has given an .impetus to the progress of the world such as has not been seen in any other era. But in the development of the princi ples of government the most rapid strides have been made. It has been discovered as almost a revelation that man was not made for governments but governments exist for man. The idea of the ancient world was to organize political society and enact laws to keep its subjects under restraints, and to exact perfect obedience as the only virtue of government, The laws ofiCaligula, posted so high that no one could reach them, of Solon, Lycurgus, Draco and all other lawgivers, were codes intended only for the physical and intel lectual development of man. His moral sense was repudiated and the education of his moral nature entirely neglected. He was treated as a creature of time and circumstances, and no account was taken of his immortal destiny. In this consist ed the pre-eminent infirmity of all the monarchies and republics which existed in ancient times. The decalogue, which should be the foundation of all organized political society, as promulgated by the greatest human lawgiver the world has ever seen, was ignored, and there was sub stituted for this enduring basis the sandy foundations of pagan philosophy and heathen mythology. For this reason: all these governments in time tottered and crumbled into ruins. THE ERA OF WAR SUCCE3tDED BT RA& OF CoMMERCE. Ever since the foundation of the civil ized world the nations of the earth have conducted their warlike expeditions against other nations either through pure love of conquest, or from motives of showers elsewhere, but generall3 throughout the State there was no raui until the 14th, when showery condi P tions prevailed over the whole State Rain was badly needed for all crops although the absence of rain was fav norable for cleaning crops and giving dthem much needed cultivation. Som< .fields arc still grassy, and will eithe: e be abandoned or allowed to make wha they will in their foul condition. Cotton improved under cultivation and, although still very small, look. r Ihealthy and is fruiting better than last week. Most of the fields have beer cleaned of grass, and the plants art 'n growisg slowly. Ia places cotton con tinues to have a yellow color, and there saerprts of shedding leaves and d squares. Sea island is thriving, bui the plants are dwarfed, and blight it npresent in spots. Old corn is extremely poor and wil) escarcely make half an average crop, while later plantings are more prom eising. Bottom 'and corn is practically n a failure. In certain widely separated . t e ions the corn crop is excellent, but d its average condition is low. plunder. Within recent years, the civil ized nations have begun to recognize that these methods are not in consonance with the principles of humanity. Their con quests have as a rule been peaceful ones during the past few years, made for the purpose of extending their commerce. The first department of commerce es tablished by any country was inaugurated by Germany, and since that time all of the nations have recognized the propriety of making the extension of commerce a national object. This new protection giv en to commercial interest has i esulted in a large extension of such interest. The international trade of the world to day is over twenty times as great as it was a century ago. It has increased out of all proportion to the increase of population. It has caused a corresponding increase of wealth. This condition has brought about a new er. in the world's history, which might be termed the era of commerce, and this bids fair to succeed permanently to that of war, which has lasted throughout the centuries preceding the opening of the present one. This has caused the amalga mation of large corporations into still larger ones. It has caused commerce to be conducted upon a scale never dreamed of by our fathers. While trusts are dangerous to the pub lic welfare by reason of their purpose, which is to increase prices by preventing competition and limit production to the point of the greatest possible profit, the legitimate corporation, however large its capital, having for its purpose a great in crease of production and the extension of trade instead of the stiffing of trade, is distinctly beneficial and assists in the dif fusion of general prosperity. The opening up of new markets will create new lines of employment and in crease the number of men required to conduct the old lines of business, thus affording to the man who earns his bread by the sweat of his browv the opportunity to keep constantly emp oyed and insuring him against periods of enforced idleness. It is a happy condition which benefits all and is not a condition which should array one class against the other. Trusts should be stamped out wherever they may ap pear, whether their capital be large or small, but the employment of large capi tal, if used in the creation of new trade, cannot fail to confer benefits upon the entire people. LABOR AND CAPITAL. And these ancient governments too made the mistake of treating labor as a commodity, without reference to the laborers. This mistake was made solely in the interest of the employer of labor, and from the most ancient times the na tions of the earth have treated the laborer, with relation to his labor, as a personal ity. They have comp.4.ed him to dispose of his labor and have even at times, by statutory enactments, compe!led-all young men to learn a trade. But while treating the labor as inseparable from the person ality of the laborer, they did nothing to protect him in his labor. Under the prin ciples of equal justice to all, the laborer will be protected in his labor, as the em ployer is in his capital. The interests of the laborer and his employer, if properly understood, are recipro:aL They are in terested to bring abou t one result, the profitable employment o f labor to the good of both labor and capita;l. It is to the in terest of capital to have efficient and con tented labor. It is to the interest of labor that capital should be pr ofitably employed in order to increase the demand for labor. Under the principles of equality and jus tice, this relation will be so well under stood that it will bring about a system of legal arbitration, similar to the principles governing courts of eqsity, that will de termine questions arising between labor and its employers in such a manner as will advance the interests of both. It was reserved for the christianized in tellect of the 19th century to repudiate the unchris tian governmenlal systems of pre vious ages, and to construct an organized political systemn of government which re cognized the truth that governments were made for man, and Intended to make him a responsible moral as well as intellectual subject; that they were intended to secure human freedom, freedom of conscience, freedom of intellect, and freedom of ac tion; that they are to be founded on the great moral law proclaimed from Mt. Sinai, and that nations as well as individ uals were to be subject to its commands, and that they were intended to be the hu man agencies not only to bless their sub jects but the world. The republican gov ernment of the United States is the most perfect the world has ever seen. It is a government based upon the rock founda tion of the people's rights to govern them selves under the sanctions of an enlight ened conscience and of the moral law. Perfect individual and national liberty is guaranteed by it, and its great purpose is to promote the general welfare. Truly the hand of God has been in this wonder ful age of human progress, and has been instrumental in raising up our republic as a beacon light to the world and the gov ernmental instrumentality which is to spread the blessings of human liberty and civilization. GOD's PURPOSE IN EXPANSIoN. With this heaven- appointed destiny, what splendid opportunities are afforded us as a nation. Some are disposed to talk flippautly about the. advent of the United States into the arena of the struggle among the great powers of the earth. They oppose the extension of our terri tory, of our commerce, of the blessings of our political institutions and Christian civilization because it increases our na tional- obligations. They forget that no nation ever acquired power and influence without inviting increased responsibilities and marching forward with unflinching boldness towards its destiny. A shrinking from responsibility is cowardice, and the American people are not cowards. Carthage, with the richest merchants and the finest shipping in the world, at tempted to extend her commerce without extending her territory, and the result was her destruction, because there~was no unity between her and the people with whom she dealt. Our own great city of New York could not continue to exist If all the states except New York were for Tobacco cutting and curing made rapid progress. In localities an im provement in condition is noted, while generally the crop remains poor and inferior. Rice is thriving and responds to cul tivation, but in Colleton county cater Ipillars are doing great damage. Mel ons are only beginning to ripen and Iwill have p )or yields. Sugarcane, sor ghum and peas are doing nicely. Sweet potatoes look promising. The dry weather caused pastures to fail rapidly. Peaches and grapes are still rotting, but not so extensively as here tofore. Apples continue to drop. A story sent out from Washington the other day, and printed in several newspapers, was to the effect that the Republiian party was getting ready to "abandon its old-time pension policy at no distant day and repc.sl all of the existing pension laws." There never was a more foolish hot weather story. The Republican party stands in too deadly feai of the Grand Army of the Republic and the pension attorneys to Imake any radical change in the pension laws. tign territory. London's continual pros perity rests upon the intimate relations be tween Great Britain and her colonies. Paris, although numerically great, has no power as a commercial city of the world. but contents itself with leading only in fashion and scandal. What would Rome have been, without an extension of her empire, but an insig nificant city on the banks of the Tiber? Without her expansion the pages of his tory would have never been blazoned with the glories of the eternal city. Without the expansion of her empire. Greece would have been a little speck on the map of the world, and the splendors of Athens and the glories of Marathon would never have been recorded as tributes to human learn ing and valor. In all ages nations have had national obligations imposed upon them, and, when discharged, they have flourished for a time, but they finally per ished because they were not equal to their increased responsibilities. Shall we, with the experience of the past before us, shrink from our obligations as a nation and prove recreant to the high trust of being sponsor for the Christian religion and bearer of the glad tidings of great joy to all peoples? Shall we fail in this auspi cious hour of opportunity to enjoy and strive to perpetuate the freedom which is the birthright of the race, and to work for its universal enjoyment? Shall we foun der on the rock upon which all other na tions have foundered? Away with such unpatriotic and unchristian objections to the expansion of our political institu tions. The line of duty marked out for us as a nation is a straight and narrow way. There is no need for us to mistake it. We have the "pillar of cloud" by day and the "pil lar of fire" by night to guide us. If we watch those with steady gaze we- w111 safely pass through the "Red sea" of dan ger before us, and at last reach the goal of our national aspirations and opportun ities. Our land is the most favored of earth. We have a diversity of soil and climate unequalled. Our diversity of production is marvelous. Our versatility of scien tific and inventive genius is the wonder of the world. We are able not only to feed our millions of population but the hungry of all nations. We can clothe the hun dreds of millions of people in the Orient. Our wealth is fabulous. With all these advantages can we afford to shut up our selves in a "psent up Utica," and allow the very redundance of our products to make us poor? No other nation ever had the grand commercial opportunities we enjoy. Our harvests make our fields smile with joy, and loudly call us to reap and enjoy rich rewards by supplying other nations and still have an abundance left. As a return of gratitude to the Ruler of na tions for our unparalleled prosperity and advantages, it is our national duty to grow, expand, and go forth to contest with other nations for commercial suprem acy. Nations like individuals must be inter dependent. In the past the nations have ignored this doctrine, .nd have destroyed each other in their strife for dominion and supremacy. It was never intended in the great plans of Omniscience that any na tIon can exist without being -a blessiug or curse to otners. This idea of interdepen-, dence in the last half century seems 'to have become the settled conviction of'tall the nttions. The recent troubles in Cliina made all the great civilized powers neigh bors, It brought them in unison for their own betterment and the welfare of heathen China. Why then criticize our President for the attitude of the United States in this Chinese complication and, for acting in concert with the other-naw tions as a neighbor? It was one of her national obligations as well as a greateop portunity to exemplify her readiness to help and to bless all other nations. . For 1800 years the human race has been struggling to obey the divine command, "Go ye into all the world and preach the gospel." But little progress was made for centuries upon centuries. Seas of blood have been shed in this evangelical work. The progress has been slow, but the fire has been kept dimly burning upon the sacred altar. It was left to the mys terious christian influence of the nine eenth century, when the human m/id was liberated, to commence anew this gps pel work, and its light has blazea in every land, and the bible has been published in every tongue. We are on the eve of a. new christian era in the world. Our na tion with its free government and its am gressive christian civilization is in a pose tion to march forward and convert the world. With the isles of fthe Pacificnin our possession, with the confidence~ of the millions of heathens in the Easts and with :ur wealth and commerce, and Anglo saxon love of liberty, we can raise the banner of the cross, and accomplish the~ heaven designed strk of having the'goe pel preachsd to,every creature. Our republioen government, with these mighty potentlalties. for progress, civili ration and, humans freedom-, is well fitted to challenge the-admiration of the world, and to scatter everywhere4the blessings of' man's liberty. Standing-f as the United. States does today, as the* argest export ing nation, the wealthiest and most re sourceful nation, they; can exercise a coni trolling influence in tuhe affairs of the world, and ultimately! become dominant~ in them. Their political institutions hay-e iven them this prominence, and if the people wisely use al~the opportunities of he present., they will become the great factor in the world's future progress and ivilization. FUTUTRE OF THE AMERICAN EEULIC. If we pattdioticalty, utilize our present >pportutnitis and fulfil all of our national bligtionse no one can speculate too ro :anticaly about our ruture-as a nation. For one'to have looked forward at the founding of Romeg and predicted all the glorieswof the Roman empire when In the enithof it~s splendors, he would have been ailed' as a dreamer .andshis prophecies as airy' tales. For or.e to have stood on the barren shores oi Britmin when Cesar landed there with his; legions and por trayed in story the gleritus 5uture of the Britishiempire, he wqiuldihave been mock NEAELY SUNK BY A RIVET. Little Thinr; Nearly Caused the Ecss of a Steamship. The stre ngest stor'j I ever lieardf o the ses rel ates to a connor rivet whief was accidrant ally left in the bilge on the bottom of the ship by the builders, be tween tv o ribs, where it rolled back and forl b with the motion of the vessel until it had worn a hole through the plates, ays the Chikago Record-Herald. This remarkable event took place~ oi the icoast of Jern. Some years ago a vesIel loaded with guano worth several thousand dollars caught fire in the souti Pseifie, and was abandoned by the captain and crew, who came ashore ii the small boats and. reported the disas ter. "Jaes:" Zyre, of the firm of W. B. race & Co., New York, to whom the guano was consigned, is a daring fellow, and determined to save that cargo ii possible. He knew that guano would not burn, and it was his oipinion hat the hulk of the ship might be anda f~Ang somewhee at sa and ad as a prophet with a d'stempered im agination. So if one standing on the great eminence of time, the beginning of the twentieth century, should predict the fu ture glory of the American republic, it would be only a story half written or a picture dimly painted, with all the splen dors of coloring left out. I do not believe that any mind can have even the faintest conception of what our nation will be and will accomplish in the coming centuri s, if we are true to ourselves and our heaven appointed destiny. When we look backward to the 4th of July, 1776, and see thirteen colonies struggling with the most powerful government on the earth for independence, and consider the great odds against us. and contrast our condi tion then and now, we can scarcely credit the evidence of our own experience. The progress we have made, the government we have built up, the nation we have cre ated, all seem like fancies, and we are really lost in amazement at the contem plation. Today seventy-six millions of American freemen bow down at the altar of liberty erected by our forefathers and pour out their labations of praise. A cen tury hence, if we are true to constitutional government and human liberty, tvo hun dred millions will gather around the altar. And as the centuries roll on thousands of millions will celebrate this anniversary, and their hosannahs of freedom will echo and re-echo throughout the earth, and all nations will be prepared to take up the refrain. The day of man's deliverance has come, liberty and christianity, now and forever. The promised land, flowing with milk and honey, was the encouragement held out to the Israelites in their desolate wan derings in the wilderness. Without this they would have faltered and fallen by the wayside and never accomplished the divine purpose of their delivei-ance from Egyptian bondage. Asia nation we have reached a crisis equally as important as that which confronted the Israelites, and the encouragement offered us is the world as our promised land, where we are to plant the seeds of freedom and christian ity and labor to fructify and enrich them. until they shall grow up and the nations shall lie d own in peace under their shade. The same power which brought the wan derers at last out of the wilderness is sus taining us. and if we are true to duty and destiny it will bring us into the promised land of our hopes and rewards. Such a contemplation is bewildering, and yet if we read the signs of' the times correctly, we are as a nationimoving on to such a destiny. The great events; in the future of our republic can be prqdicted with some de gree of certainty. One of the pre-eminent events will be a union of the English speaking race, in which Anglo-Saxon ideas of liberty and christian civilization will become predominant, and finally control the politics, the policies and com merce of the world. -There may not be any political alliance between the republi can United States and ;monarchical Great Britain, but- there will) be a unity of pur pose which will link them together in the bonds of a common interest and race af filiation. With such, a combination of resources and power,fit will be possible to disseminate throughiout the earth the spirit of liberty nowipermeating the entire Anglo-Saxon race,,, In time the prophecy of the last centur,'y that Europe would be ccme republicant or Cossack will be ful filed. The Eastern/ question of to-day is the beginning of 'the final struggle. With a u:ion of the Ilngiish-speaking peoples the despotism offRinssia will be destroyed, anid all the nations wiftl be forced Into the crusade for 'liberating mankind from the blighting tyamamy under which it has suf fered for centuries., What an entrancing picture-the unity. rof all the nations in one common andj patriotic purpose, to secure universal human freedom and through it to urtite the race of man in one national brcithedrood. Let It be un derstood ~hat inmanydinture alliance, either Implied or explcit, the United States is the master of .the situation. That this 15 true islevident'to any business man, who will consider fo;,a moment the trade situ a$tion of the workd. All of the nations of Europe, including Great Britain, have so dense a population, that every foot of area, if cultivated to its fullest extent, would not produce: su fficient food to sup port the p*ople. The lJnited States, upon the otheri hand, produces vastly more than it-consumes. It controls the food of the world, and any retaliatory measures by foreign nations intended to curtail the products of commerce or industry in the United Stastes could be effiectually stopped by similar measures as to our own food exports. The.retaliatory measures now threaten ed by Russia will not be carried out for this reason. Russia made a bluff and when the United States called .the bluff. Russia, instead of carrying out its threat, placed the entire matter in' the hands of the minister to the, Unlted. States, and it is now a question of diplomacy, which is solved so far as the threats of Russia are concerned. The time was when London and Liverpool as .jobbing centers, practi cally controlled the'trade of the world. That trade has practically passed from Great Britain to the United States. The balance of Itrade in favor of this country during the past three years has been a lit tle over u billion and one-half dollars. Had the United States anot been a debtor country, this amount -would have been added tofthe surplus gold In this country. A billion dollars of thisa has been used in buying up American securities held abroad until our railroads, which were controled by English ,capital, are now in Amercan hands, Webhave now purchaied the control over our own industries. Nofawithstanding the fact.that this causedl the exportation of vastquan;ities of gok1 to Europe, the bal ane of trade has been so:,greatly in excess of the payment of such indebtedness that the gold reserves of the foreign nations are decreasing, while tbieigold. reserves of our o wn banks are, infeteasing. Foreign natio:s for the firste time in history have come to American banks for their gold. If properly handle~d. this balance of trade *the valuable cargo recovered. He, therefore, chartered a small English ramp that happened. to be at Callao, and started out to search for the dere lit. After cruising for two or three weeks he found her, just as he had expected, the woodwerk barned to the water's edge, but the hull sound as a dollar and the cargo all right. They towed her into Callao, but the day before reach ing that harbor the tramp they had harteri d began to fill very rapidly and the pumps could searcely keep her aloat. They narrowl~y escaped sinking with all on board. *The leak was a mystery. They had -met with no acci dent and there was D:O reason te suspect anything wrong with the plates, for the ship had been in dry dock shortly be fore she left Liverp( O?, and was rated A, being only between two and three years old. They managed to get her to Callao only by the greatest exertion,I and many a time they feared they could not keep her afloat so long. When the ship weat into the dock and was examined, it -was found that o- o her plates .anou the center had will increase from year to year. As th, total gold outside of the United States now in existence is only about three thou sand million dollars. if we sell for gold all that we sell, and buy for gold all that we buy, it would take only a few years to drain the world of its entire gold supply. England held precisely this position as to the world's trade when it demonetized Silver and by that action transferred the control of the world's finances from the Hague to the Thames. As the United States now holds this position, she is rap idly transferring it from London to New York. When this transfer is complete, England will be the first country to com plain that there is not sufficient gold with which to conduct the business of the world, and will ask to have resto red a bi metallic basis. Another event will be the assumption by the United States of rhe obligation of ar biter in all internatior.a.l disputes. Her commanding political and commercial in fluence will insure the concession of this prerogative. In China, during the present convocation of the great powers, the United States supported by Great Britain have controlled to a considerable extent the negotiations. Last year Russia pro posed the establishment of an interna tional peace tribunal, and actually led in the deliberations at the Hague. In this world's pacific convention t e govern ments representing the English-speaking peoples exercised a controlling influence. This pacific action on the part of Russia and other nations was a recognition of the coming ascendancy of the United States in the affairs of the world. To-day were it not for the conservative interven tion of our nation, supported by Great Britain. China would be dismembered and her territory partitioned among the European powers. The inevitaole ten dency of this recognition - of our growing power and influence as a nation is to make the United States the arbiter in the international disputes of the near future. When this consummation, devoutly to be wished, is realized, the peace and rapid progress of mankind will be assured. The Anglo-Saxon peoples have always pro moted the cause of human liberty and ad vancement, and with their control of the destinies of the race the near future will hail the early dawn of tne promised mil lenium. Another event of the future will be the complete commercial supremacy of the United States. The Pacific will become the great highway upon which her teem ing products will be borne to every land. With the Atlantic and Pacific joined by the Nicaraguan canal her sails will whiten every harbor, and sea, and ocean, and lake, and her commerce will be the com merce of the world. With her natural advantages, her undeveloped resources and her hundreds of millions of inventive and progressive population, she can defy efforts of the other nations to rival her productions and trade, and to snatch from her the crown of commercial supre macy. Another event of-transcendant import ance will be the complete triumph of the gospel of Christ through the achievements of the Anglo-Saxon race. With the star spangled banner of the United States in consort with the flag of the British empire floating in every harbor and ocean of the globe all peoples will be aroused from their heathen sleep of sixty centuries and brought to a knowledge of the true God. These flags represent all the substantial human progress in the ages past, the highest and best civilization founded upon the moral law, governments the most peru feet ever instituted, and the true spirit of human freedom. Before the aggressive power and influence they exercise, effete systems of civilization and religion will crumble and fall, and all the heathen nations will join in hosannahs to the one true and living God. It was never designed that individuals should fight sinkly the battles of the cross. All they can accomplish by individual ef forts is to convert individuals to the true faith. It is the mission of nations ta achieve fruitful victories under the ban ner of the cross and spread christianity. Paul labored and preached all over the known world in his time, but it was the conquering banner of Constantine sup ported by all the power of the Roman em pire that crystallized results and made effective the preaching of the great apostle of the Gentiles. It seems that to our nation is committed the work in these latter days of planting the banner of the cross in the isles of the sea and among all heathen nations, and fulfilling the prophecy that all peoples and tongues shall bow and worship the true Godl. This work of the evangeliza tion of the world was not ready for accom plishment after Paul's preaching and Luther's reformation, but was reserved for one of the era-making events of the 20th century. If as a nation we are true to duty, opportunity and ou-r appointed destiny, we Will be the favored national instrumentality to fight the decisive bat tle of Armageddon, and to achieve the final 'and complete victory for Christi anity. . We cannot as a nation avoid these sac red obligations imposed upon us. We must go forward and meet the grave re sponsibilities of the future. They can be discharged, and when they are, what a glorious future there will be for our nation and for the Anglo-Saxon race,. with one language, one civilization, one chris tianity, and our perfect political institu tions spread all over the habitable earth. Then the pages of history will be nothing but the entrancing story of the glorious achievements of our republic. The world will be wrapped in a mantle of peace, the race of man will have achieved all it was designed to accomplhsh, and the nations will pursue in hrrmony thetiarts of peace and the path of happiness, and thus enjoy the full fruition of the efforts of man for six thousand years.. .A PRESIDENT NOT AFEAID TO TRUsT El CONFEDEEATES. Fellow-citizens, one more word and Iam done. This is not the p lace or time where olitics and prsons should be discussed. he war with Spain, if it meant nothing more, has been worth ten times the blood and treasure it cost in reuniting this coun try. We had a President in the White House who was not afraid to trust ex Confederates. He not only spoke lovingly of our dead, but he trusted the comman d of the armies of the United States and the honor of this country to ex-Confeder ates. Len Wheeler and our own gallant Butler were honored equally with Grant, Logan and Harrison. On this anniversary day, we can r.ejoice not only at the liberty granted us under the declaration made on July 6th, 1776, but we can thank God that we are now a united people, and that our house is no longer divided against itself. From the rock bound coasts of Maine to the Pacific Golden Gate; fronguperior's crystal waters to Ithe evergreen shores of the Mexican sea, brothers are we all, proud of the stars and stripes whether we come from the rising or setting sun, from the bleak prairies of the Dakotas or the sunny slopes of the Carolinas, content to rest beneath its folds from the dawning of the morn, when the earth is wrapped 1z4 gray, to the eventide, when the skies don the blue. worn through. Further investigation demnstrated that the damage had been done by a little copper rivet which had been accidentally left in the bottom and had rolled back and forth over the same spot so often and so long that the iron plate had been worn through. The mis chievous rivet was there, and was taken Fout and preserved as a curiosity. Shipbuilder3 tell me that this is not an uncommon thing. It is always cus tomary, as a rrecaution to mske a through stch of the bottom of a new ship for rivets and copper fillings and other loose metal. Copper fillings are especially daingerous, because under certain conditions they are apt to set up a little galvanic battery and do an immense amount of damages A Noble Charity. Lewis Elkin, a Philadelphian, has bequeathed two million dollars to es tablishn a home for disabled female school teachers. M4r. Elkin seived for twenty years on the board of education, and was thus 'brought in sympathetic touh with the toand ARC LIGHT RAYS TREATMENT. Physicians in New York are Using the Method The success achieved in the treat ment of some dii esses by the high fie quency, or chemical, rays of the elec trio light is attracting the attention of many persons in various ports of the world. Experiments have demonsta ted, it is said, that the rays destroy. among other things, tubercle bacilli, and cause dilation of the capiliaries, with corresponding circulatory changes and inereaied nutritive activity. Some of these experiments in phototherapv, especially those made by Dr. Neils R Firsen of Copenhagen, have aroused wide- spread ccmment. He is the in venter of the tube which bears his name. In this city a number of phy sicians are using the Fir sen tube and other apparatus for similar purposes in treating < er sin affections. One of these physiciansa is Dr. Margaret A. Cleaves. According to a report Dr. Finsen had effected up co December 31, 1899, 311 cures out of 462 cases of lupus vulgaris. In the Finsen light department of the London HoFpital the numbe r of cases of lupus vulgaris treated each day is about cne hundred. Queen Alexandra was instrumental, it is said, in hav ing this method of treating certain dis eases tested in the London Hospital. Not only has the lupus vulgaris been successfully treated by the use of the Finsen tube, but rcdent ulcer and can cer. It is said that the most conclu sive result in the use of the Finsen tube has been achieved in the treatment of lupus vulgaris. In the treatment of tubercolosis, of pulmonary tubercolosis, asthma, bron chitis, anaemia, neuritis, rheumatism and buch skin diseases as acne and pseriasis, Dr. Cleaves uses a cabinet. The cabinet contains an ordinary wire mattress cot, which is made up as a bed, and on which the patient reclines. The current is taken from the Edison incandescent mains at 120 volts pres sure, and each lamp takes about 10 amperes at 50 volts, the remainder be ing -consumed in the rheostat. The zinc lining is painted white. to facili tate the reflection of light, and as the patient lies at rest in the bath he is bathed, it is said, in a flood of light from sources of 4,000 total nominal candlepower. The eyes of the patient are protected by means of colored. glasses. Lortet and Genoud of Lyons, France, are two of the leading phototherapeu tists of that country.-New York Tri bune. SECOND CLASS MAIL MATTER. Important Order Issued by Postmaster General. A special from Washington Wednes day says Postmaster General Smith to day signed three orders amending in important particulais tlhree pcetal reg ulations affecting second class mail mater. The changes will effect sweep ing and radical reforms in the depart ment practices and methods of treating this class of matter. The first order amends Baction 276, which is the general definition, so as to exolade from the second c'aes publi cations which have the characteristics of books. 'This amendment is in thece words: PLr~iln rublicstions 1irein re ferred to are held not to incinde those having the cht~racteristics of books, but ot1/j such as consist of current news or mihcelianeous literary matter, or both, (not excluding advertising) and conform to the statutory charac teristes of second- class matter." The second order amends Section 281 in several particulars the princi pal one being inat publications, the subscrip-ions to which are not founded on their value as news or literary journals, and which by the general use of premium or other considerations in the form of chances to win prises, etc., to induce subscriptions, in effect cir cutate at apparently a nominal ra'e, will be excluded from the second class. The eseential paragraph of this is as followe: . "'he subscription price must be shown by the publication, and when it appears from the contents, or froin the extrinsic inducements offered in com bination wit~h it, -that the circulation of the publication is not founded on i:s value as a news or literary- journal, and that subscriptions are not miade because of such value, but because its offers of merchandies or other consider ation result, in effect, in its circula tion at apparently a nominal rate, such publication does not come within the rquiirements of the lawv for acceptance as second class matter.' The third o.der amends Section 301, so that insold copies of second class publications may not be returned at the pcun d rate to news agents or to publbshers. An explanatory sta'ement given out at the department regarding the order says: The action of Postmaster General Smith is regarded as highly important. it is evidence of the purpose of the de partment to administer the law as it is strictly and properly and that abuses wherever found will be eradi cated. Loose and indifferent interpre tation heretof ore is responsible for the loss of many millions to the govern ment. It is believed that when the effect of the changes is thceroughly es tablished mary postal improvements will follow, and one cent letter pc si age will be made possible." Behaved Badly. Gov. Mc~weeney received a letter Friday from Sheriff Jno. RI. Lagan of York county tellhng him of the very peculiar action of a North Carolina sheriff. Some time ago Sheriff Logan asked the North Carolina sheriff to arrest fcr him one James Lindsay, a negro, wanted in York county for mur der. The sheriff at Newton, N. C., did arrest Lindsay and notified Sheriff Logan, stating that .the fellow was willing to come without a requinition. The South Carolina sheriff had already informed the North Carolir a officer that there was no reward for the negro. Sheriff Logan sent a deputy on to bring the negro back. The North Carolina sheriff refused to give him up, saying that he would not do so without a re ward and threatent d even to turn the negro loose. The deputy came back without his man. Then Sheriff L->gan informed Gov. Me~weeney and Friday rgaisition papers were issued upon the governor of North Carolina and Sheriff Logan is to go on to Newton himself. Gov. McSweeney will prchsbly report the very reprehensible conduct of the North Carolina officer to the governor of North Carolina for such action as he may deem proper. Freight Trains Collide. A head end collision between two lo al freight trains on the Missouri,-Kan sas and Tcxas road near Wymark, L. T., killed five men, and three others were fatally injured The dead are: Joe Morris, Parsons -James Leville, brake man, Parsons; #rank Fitzgerald, brake WHIN CONSIGEE MUST KMOVI The State R. ilroad Commission Adopts New. Storage Rules. The State reilroad commissioncr Fri day made public its new storage rules. The commission has been work-. ing on the matter for some time and' has gone over all the rules of the southern States. There have been se eral conferences with the railroad. offi cials and the dffi sers of the car service association. The new rules are em bodih d in the following action of the board: Whereas an act was pasd by the general assembly of South Carolina as the regular session of 1901, and there after approved by the governor on the 15th day of February, A. D. 1901, au thorising and requiring the boars of railroad commissioners, - to fix and prescribe a schedule of maximum rates and charges for storage made and charged by the railroads doing busi ness in this State, and to fi what time after the reception of freigat at place of destination such charges of storage shall begin" and for other purposes. Now be it Resolved,.That we the board of rail road commissioners do by virtue of the authority conferred by'said act, fix the following rules and maximum rates for storage charges to apply to all freights stored by the railroads doing busiaes in this State: 1. All f.eight received for delivery is subject to storage regulations. 2 All package freight not removed -t owners from the custody of the rail way company, within seventy two- (?2 hours after legal notice of the arrival thereof has been given to consignee, computed from 12 o'clock of the.day following the date of such noties of rival, shall thereafter be subjact to; charge for storage, sa set forth in rule; 4 of these regulations. 3 Prompt notice shall be given consignees of the arrival of f and the said notice must show dale its issue, and the time allowed for moval without charge for storage. . 4 The maxiium charges fort... storage of freight by .the- vaf .r . when stored in the warehouses of th said railroads in this State, shallibee s, follows: For five days and urder, 1 eent hundred pounds per day. For 10 days and over 5 days- 6 m per hundred pounds. Fsr 20 days and over 10 days, 8$ of per hundred pounds. For 30 days and over 20daya1s0ense per hundred pounds. For 40 days andover30daya-13 s per hundaed pounds. For 50 days andover40days, 15cents per hundred pounds. Each additional week and thereof thereafter, 1 cent per hn pounds. The minimum charge fo ' one shipment shall be five cente:: more than $1 per day shall be e for any one consignment not i n of acar. load. 5. A consigne: hiving four. over from the depot, and, whaosefrsga is destined to his residenes or psqz business so located, shall nobb b e & to storage charges allowed in the ag~ rules until a suffiaient tink bM.sP3s after notice for said consignee move said goods by the exercise r dinary diligence 6 Shipments detained bccebU eI to order and awaiting bulsot Ia&n f~ instructions as to disposition, 8 -, ments held fo: want of billing instu~ tions, shipments hteld forin eoo~ change of buhlng or'for any other$' pose, by owner or his agent are s~ ject to storage charges, and if~ freights are forwarded to any point aee:ued storage will be det' the biliang as back charges. 7. The raes herein prescribed maximum ~rater, but these reultos wilhot be held to be violated, if Jost rates made by the roads provided thatul shippers at the same point-are auL>~ similar rates without discrninato~ 8. Legal -holiday and Sundayshal not be taken into account, in ree ing the 72 hours herein allowedidor moval of freight-without chargeey 9. Dine diligence on the part bo~ shipper or consignee to removs promptly shall be deemed by theri1 ' roads a suffieent ground uponwhs ' to remit storagee charges accruing reason of bad weather or impassible ~ roads. 10. Freight and storage charges must be billed in seperate items though they - may be billed on the samesheet. J.UO. Wilhorn, Chairman. . W. Garris, J. H. Wharton, Commissioners D. P. Duncan, Sacretary. In speaking of tihe new storage -rues Commissioner Gariis, who has given the matter much study,- rnday said: "'The new mule practic dLy double 'the free time herstofore allowed by the roads. Investigation discloses that the freights removed, upon which storage has heretofore been assessed, have -re mained from one to 60) days of the storage period within the eastody of 'the reads, making it very fair to esti mate 20 dayb as an average period upon which storage has been echarged-on freights. For this average period tile commissiormerd tsale shows a 50 per - cent. reduction. "Tnxe rn:erest of shippars who live at a dietance is duly cared for in rule 5, while ruie 9 makes inelemnt weather and bad roads an element of endeider ation in reckoning time. "T he commissio2a had before it the - railro ad storage reguiatio-is in force. thr.ughout ttio souta and west, thus. ena'oling it to give 'Soah Carolina a. set of rules carved from the best prac tices of the wihoe conotry." After a Desperado. Sheriff Martin has sent aposse to the wild country above Charle-:ton to search the swamps for William Johnson, a col- - ored desperado, who has the section in a wild state cf terror. Johnson is wanted for murder. A day or two ago he killed William Barns without pro vocation, and threatened to kill any of the latter's friernds if they interferred. The same morning he shot another negro named Smith. S8 ith and a crowd were playing the game of ekin. Johnson said that if his card showed somebody would be killed, and a few minutes later when he was forced to drop out of the game he drew his pis tol and bored a hole through Smith's body. After the shooting he tossed his hat on the ground, drew another pistol and ordered alU the players to do posit their cash in the hat. They did: so in quick order. As soon as he had. pocketed the money, Johnson fired a volley to prove to the negroes that ha meant business, and then walked away. When he killed Barns the e~nstables in the neigbborbood stated on his trail, but they thoughit it wiser to let4 him go. The posse from the city is, makng ca.ful search for the despe