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Extraciaf Lemon Messino Lemons. i e :jiglit 0i us keepers. o I':r:i:.\RED ?iy D. 0. Rharne, Summerton, S. C. - oP ot foEO O.O+O+O~44 A Cood Clothing Store la where you ,-et the i:ht so-rt of Clothie. without dan1 :n r of Mistake. Our Clothes are Of the riiht sort, and you wi appreciate their excel lt1Ce and s inaIess of (Ost. Wz Mke Clothes tz Order for those who prefer them. Latingt Materials. Proper fit and make and moderate pri e's. Your orders will have our best attention. J. L DAVID & BRO S. W. Cor. King and Wentworth Sts., CHARLESTON. S. C. GoS. Hacker&So CHA 1 LETON S. C Sa s eights a n dsan B~uilder"' HIardwa:re. Wi idW a'id Fanicy Glass a pascialty, T I UDelsumerls - .. OF LagerBeer Pns Exor S.ats." Blivnde 90 a.teriDaz. 'ad can~eig al 'ttleS ad l g i r~andard prices f rsae. WiBaii FtAccomp All apOders, ATl osulmae rspopn ERMAN AgEIN Bee., h arnw lsitton St C. e FIRE. PIe. ACDoen. Ta~ ilor=ad~ e Cleohingf.. Cered de,..i aiF~d arpi botoos Carpets ' (h':d f ee and a d l lfr CERMANJA BREWIGSO. Op.Cntrl-toel,Mnig S. C. FAiRNERY RIRIN. A( PCI LT Y. TAll or etrtdtre ltrcive. RU . nIS. BELLT. J.Sme. n BELL. -i: !I i C-L INewFmi e B~cy~ ms iySus pis I lonI'u:1b-..1:SO -eNm ~.ACHIN Y.ICASEILY The century opened with the great Napoleonic wars. As a leader of armies the great Corsican never found his match. Wellington won renown in that era by reason of his victories over the French in the peninsular war and the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo. On the continent of Europe Von IMoltke, the German leader In the Franco-Prussian war, stands out as a master in the latter half of the century. General Grant placed his name be side that of the great leaders of mod ern times. Scott and Zachary Taylor were the heroes of the Mexican war. Sherman. Sheridan. Thomas. Ilobert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson are names forever to be associated with the bril liant campaigns of the civil war. Nelson opened the century as a naval commander, and at its close Farragut's record stands unrivaled. In the last half of the century meth ods of warfare were revolutionized. Steam succeeded sails, and Iron armor replaced modern bulls. Revolving tur rets and rapid fire guns were severely tested at the close of the century. For land troops the percussion rifles and the breechloading magazine rifle, the machine gun and smokeless powder gradually changed methods of fight ing. The great cavalry charges of Na poleon's time were never repeated, but the importance of mounted troops has been established by the experience of the later wars of the century. WARS AND GREAT BATTLES. Famous Treaties, Martial Leaders. Armament. Etc. 1SO1. Tripoli declared war against the United States. Treaty of Luneville between France and Germany. ]803. The United States at war with Barbary. England declared war on France. 1803. Peace concluded between the United States and Tripoli. Battle of Trafalgar and death of Nelson. Battle of Austerlitz. 1800. Napoleon invaded Prussia. 1807. Treaty of Tilsit between Prussia and France. Napoleon seized Portugal; prelude to the peninsular war. 1809. Napoleon's second Austrian cam paign. Battle of Wagram and treaty of peace at Schoenbrunn. Is11. Encounter between the United States frigate President and the BrItish sloop Little Belt. Beginning of hostilities in the second war with Great Britain. Battle of Tippecanoe. 1S12. War declared against Great Britain over the "right of search." Canada in vaded. Victory of the frigate Consti tution over the British warshIps Guer riere and Java. Napoleon's disastrors Russian cam paign; burning of Moscow. 18-13. Perry's naval victory on Lake Erie. Napoleon defeated at Leipsie and forced to retreat to France. The French armies driven from Spain by Wellington. 1814. Battles of Lundy's Lane, Plattsburg and Bladensburg; capture of the city of Washington by the British. Baltimore attacked. British moved on New Or leans; Jack-son's first battie. Treaty of Ghent, concluding peace be tween the United States and Great Britain. 1815. Battle of New Orleans. Naval con filets between the United States frigate Constitution and the British sloops Cyane and Levant War with Algiers. Napoleon escaped from Elba to France and re-established his empire. Battle of Waterloo. Napoleon imnrisoned at St Helena. 1827. Naval battle of Navarino and defeat of the Turks by the allies, resulting in the Independence of Greece. 1832. Black Hawk war. 1830. Massacre of the Alamo. battle of San Jacinto and independence of Tex End of the Seminole war. Dorr's rebellIon In Rhode Island. End of England's opium war in Chi na, cession of Hongkong and opening of five treaty ports. 184G. War with Mexico. 1847. Battles of Buena Vista and Chapul tepec, Mexico. and capture of the Mex ican capItal. General Zachary Taylor led the American forces at Buena Vis ta. General Winflid Scott the armies which captured the City of Mexico. 1848'. Treaty of .Guadalupe Hlidalgo; end of the Mexican war. 1854. BegInning of the Crimean war. F'irst use of plated warships; famous charge The story of a Iioodoo Ilat. Mr. John Cooper. one of Dooly coun tys m'ost promninent citizens, is in the city on his way to Augusta to attend the old veterans' reunion. When he got off the train. he looked up Captain Warren Moseley, one of the bravest of the boys who went out in the sixties. and they im:nediat.'ly began swapping remiiseenees~ about their army life in Virginia. Finally Mr. Cooper asked Captain M,.seley if he re'membe~red the Yankee hat. A repo rtr whoc was stand ing there heard the followin-g story. which both men vouch for as being ab solutely tru'e: On the first Tay of the battle of Win chester a Yankee was killed so near the line of b'atle that a soldier of the namIe of Mc.Lendon. Compa:ny I. Fourth Geria, picked up the int and put It on and weret it. 11' had not had it onl hi haid for more thon t'.:o hours wvhen he was slot thire:1 te head. the bual let pierein the hat in alnost the same hole that the bullet had entered that killd the YnnXkee. A ::other' stidier of the nnme of Woo ten of ( ompnIL Four".th Georgia. picke ,m the hat ndn put it on. nnd in A Chronological Review of the World's Hitory In the PatOne Hundred Years a of the Light brigade at Balaklava and siege of Savastopol. 183G. Treaty of Paris; end of the Crimean war. 1837. Sepoy rebellion in India; famous for siege of Lucknow. England at war with China; bom bardment of Canton. 1839. Austro-Sardinian war; battles of Ma genta and Solferino. 1861. Fort Sumter; Bull Run. Invasion of Mexico by England, France and Spain. 1SG2. Capture of Fort Donelson; first mili tary achievement of Grant. Peninsular campaign: disaster at Fredericksburg. Bautle of Antietam and emancipation proclaimed. Battle between the Monitor and Mer rimac; first tight between ironclads and first use of the revolving gun turret in battle. 1863. Decisive battles of Vicksburg and Gettysburg. Death of Stonewall Jack son, the Confederate leader. 1864. Siege of Petersburg; capture of At lanta and Shermau's march to the sea. Battle of Cedar Creek. 1563. Surrender of Lee; end of the civil war. 1866. War between Prussia and Austria. Battle of Sadowa: first use of the nee dle gun. 1870. Franco-Prussian war. Battles of Mars-la-Tour, Gravelotte. Metz and Sedan. 1877. Russo-Turkish war; decisive battle of Plevna. 1878. Important treaty of Berlin; signatory powers. Great Britain, Russia, Gerna ny, Austro-Hungary, France, Italy and Turkey. 1883. British disaster at Khartum, in the Sudan; death of General Gordon. 1594. War between China and Japan; bat tle of the Yalu. 1895. End of the war between China and Japan; treaty of peace at Simonoseki. Insurrection in Cuba. 1898. United States battleship Maine blown up In Havana harbor Feb. 15. War de laed by the United States on Spain and volunteers called out in ApriL Naval battle of Manila May 1. Battle at Santiago July 1. Cervera's fleet de stroyed July 3. Santiago surrendered July 17. Spain sued for peace July 20. Peace protocol signed Aug. 12. Manila captured Aug. 13. 1899. Treaty of Paris between the United States and Spain. Spain evacuated Cuba. War In South Africa between Great Britain and the South African Repub lic and Orange Free State. 1900. British victories in South Africa. Boer republics annexed as British col onies. Antiforeign uprising in China; siege of the legations. Battle fought at Tien tsin between allies and Chinese impe rial troops. Peking abandoned by the Chinse court and occupied by the al RULERS AND STATESMEN. The Centucry's Men of Destiny and Powver. Among the statesmen and orators whose indluence during the century was only second to that of the great rulers were Daniel O'ConnelL, called the "liberator," who died in 1847; John . Calhoun. American statesman and orator, and Robert Peel, his English contemporary, both of whom died in 1850; Henry Clay and Daniel Webster, most renowned among American ora tors, who died in the same year, 1852; Stephen A. Douglas and Count Cavour, the ItalIan statesman, who died in 1861; William H. Seward, Lincoln's secretary of state; Mazzini, Italian revolutionist; Thiers of France, Dis raeli of England and Garibaldi. the fighting patriot of Italy; Gladstone, tle great English Liberal, and Bis mnarck, the Iron Chancellor of Germany, both died In 1898, having been in pub li life almost half a century. 1801. Paul I of Russia assassInated; suc ceeded by Alexander L Thomas Jefferson. president of the United States. France a republic under a directorate. George ill. king ot England. 1804. France constituted an empire with Napolean hereditary emperor. 1814. Abdication of Napoleon and exile to 1820. Accession of George IV to the throne of England. 1824. Iturbide, ex-emperor of Mexico. put less than an hour he.'too, was killed, the bullet striking him in the head near the place where the other two bullets had entered. The next day another soldier of the name of Kilpatrick of Company H, Fourth Georgia. was wearing the hat when he, too, was struck in the head and killed. Although the hat was a fine one, it was left lying on the field, as there was no one who would wear it. as four. men who had worn it were then cold and stiff, and each one had been shot through the hat in almost the same plae.-Macon News. Cyclone Pranks. A traveler in the west, the Rev. C. T. Brady. says that of all the manifesta tions of power he ever witnessed, from an earthquake down, a cyclone is thle most appalling. The midnight black ness of the funnel, the lightning dart ing from it in inconceivable fierceness, the strange crackling sound from its bosom, the suddenness of its irresisti ble attack, its incredibly- swift motion, its wild leaping and bounding, like a' .kai .L.ast of prey- the..awful roar to death for attempting to overthrow the Mexican republic. 1S29. Andrew Jackson inaugurated presI dent. Jackson served two terms, and his period in office was a most exciting one. As an executive he was noted for firmness and decision of character, strong common sense and patriotism. 1S30. Revolution in France and accession of Louis Philippe. 1S32. Duke of Reichstadt, only son and heir of Napoleon I, died. In 18G4 four monarchs seated on imperial thrones were cousins-german of the Duke of Relchstadt. These were Pedro II of Brazil, Francis Joseph of Austria, Na poleon III of France and Maximilian of Mexico. 1833. Isabella II ascended the throne of Spain; beginning of the Carlist rev olution. 1837. Victoria ascended the throne of Eng land at the age of 10. 1S38. Death of Talleyrand, French states man, active In Napoleon's councils. 184s. Revolution in France and overthrow of the monarchy; Louis Napoleon elect ed president. Francis Joseph ascended the throne of Austria. 1852. Second French empire, established by Napoleon III. 1855. Alexander II ascended the throne of Russia. 1861. William I of Prussia crowned. Lincoln inaugurated. 1804. Maximilian crowned emperor of Mex ico. 18G3. Assassination of Lincoln. 1866. Defeat and death of Maximilian, em peror of Mexico. 1869. Grant Inaugurated president. In ac knowledgment of his service in the war Grant was commissioned lieuten ant general in 1S64 and general in 1806. 1870. Napoleon III dethroned; republic es tablished In France. Amadeus ascended the throne of Spain. 1871. William I of Prussia crowned em peror of Germany. 1S73. Amadeus abdicated the throne of Spain; Castelar president of the repub lic which followed. 1574. Alfonso ascended the throne of Spain. 1576. Queen Victoria proclaimed empress of India. 1878. Humbert crowned king of Italy on the death of his father, Victor Emman uel. 1881. Garfield inaugurated president and assassinated. Alexander II of Russia assassinated and Alexander III elevated to the throne. 1885. Death of Emperor William I of Ger :any; succeeded by Frederick III, who died after a reign of three months; ac ession of William II. 1894. President Carnot of France assas sinated. 1900. King Humbert of Italy assassinated y an anarchist. MASTERS iN LITERATURE, ART AND THE DRAMA. The history of the literature and art f a period may be read in the names Inscribed on the roll of fame. Below is a list of authors, poets, actors and artists of the nineteenth century, ar ranged according to the date of death. 1823. John Philip Kemble, English actor. 1823. Talma, noted French actor. 1832. Sir Walter Scott and Goethe, two of the foremost authors of the early cen tury. 1833. Edmund Kean, English actor. 183G. Charles Mathews, English actor. 1843. Noah Webster, the American lexicog rapher; Washington Aliston, American painter. Robert Southey, poet laureate of Eng land from 1813 to 1843. Southey, Cole ridge and Wordsworth were called "poets of the Lake school" because they resided in the lake district and sought Inspiration from nature. 1849. Chopin, musical composer. 1850. William Wordsworth, poet laureate of England. Balsac, French novelist. 1851. Cooper. American novelist. Audubon. author of a famoas work on birds. 1552. Junins Brutus Booth, actor. 185. Charlotte Bronte (Currer Bell). 1837. Hiram Powers, American sculptor. Agassiz, American naturalist. 1858. Rachel, French actress; performed in America. 1859. Washington Irving. WV. HI. Prescott, the historian; Humboldt, German nat uralist and explorer; Lord Macaulay, English essayist and historian. 1863. Thackeray. 1864. NathanIel IHawthorne. Walter Savage Landor. which follows, all this but feebly char acterizes that strange ravager of the plains. He continues: The cyclone plays odd pranks. I have seen two horses lifted In air and carefully deposited, unharmed, in a field about an eighth of a mile away. I have seen chickens and geese picked clean of feathers and yet feebly alive. One house, I remember, had a hole ten feet in diameter cut out of its roof, as if by a circular saw. I have seen the black, whirling cloud lift a build ing and shake it to pieces, as one shakes a pepper box. One of the worst cyclones I ever knew threw a eavy iron safe about as a child might oss a wooden alphabet block In play. It is an irresponsible as well as an almost omnipotent monster, and it seems to love the hideous jokes of its ow concocting. Bostonl's "Little Italy." The Boston Transcript says that Bos ton's "Little Italy"' is established In the very quarter where Paul Revere lived and whence he bore the message of the belfry. The Old North square rip ples with the color and music of for - en n'P and inole. The Old North 1807. - Fitz-Greene Halleck. 1869. Lamartine, French historian. Saint-Beuve, French author. 1S70. Dickens. c 1872. Dumas (pere). ] Edwin Forrest, actor. D'Aubigne, historian of the reforma tion. t IS73. .John Stuart Mill. English philoso pher. Bulwer Lytton, English novelist. Landscer, English animal painter. Macready, English actor. 1S74. Guizot, French historian. Michelet, French writer. Kaulbach, German painter. 1S75. Hans Christian Andersen. 1876. Charlotte Cushman. 1s77. John Lotbrop Motley, American his torian. - ISSO. George Eliot. ] Carlyle. 1882. Longfellow. t Emerson. Darwin. 1883. Richard Wagner. Dore, the illustrator. 1891. George Bancroft, American historian. James Russell Lowell. 1892. Tennyson. Whittier. 1893. Edwin Booth. Frances Anne Kemble, famous ac tress, who retired from the stage in the fifties. 1894. Oliver Wendell Holmes. 1890. Harriet Beecher Stowe. The Century In History. The story of that century which is now drawing to a close will, I venture to think, prove to be one of the most important volumes In the whole his tory of civilization. I do not say that it will be one of the most brilliant, for there may have been centuries which flashed a broader and a brighter light over the world's fields of intel lectual and moral darkness; centuries of more startling conquest, of more sudden change; centuries even of greater triumphs in literature and in 1 art. But the nineteenth century has been a time of growth and of develop ment in all the paths of civilization such as the world's history has hardly ever seen rivaled and, in the applica- 1 tion of science to the everyday needs of humanity, has never been equaled. When the century opened, there seem ed to be a vast, impassable, impene trable region of darkness, a cloud cov ered "No Man's Land," dividing the old civilization from the new. Asia and Africa appeared to have nothing to do with modern civilization except as a subject for the reader of history or as an exploring ground for the trav eler. Egypt was the land whither Eu- i ropeans with a taste for antiquities went to study the pyramids and the sphinx. India was even still looked upon as the country to which enter-< prising Englishmen went to make for tunes. China was thought of as a mysterious, old fashioned region, peo pled by countless millions of persons who wore pigtails and were shutoff bya great wall from the visits of intrusive foreigners. The retal lving world was commonly regarded by Europeans as only to be found in Europe Itself, for the newv world, as it was called, had not yet begun to count for much as an influence of civilization, and the still newer world of Australasia counted for nothing at all. It would hardly be too much to say that the whole work of modern science which has to do with the practical affaIrs of everyday life has, so far as it has got, been ac complished in the nineteenth century. Of course, there were great scientific 1 discoveries made In the definition and 1 the application of natural laws to hu man life at various periods, early and late, in the history of the world, which each succeeding generation has only< confirmed and extended, but what I wish to point out is that the practical science of the nineteenth century has I made more change in the ordinary con ditions of human life than was made by any century or all the centuries which went before It-Justin McCar thy in St. Louis Globe-Democrat. < MISCELLANEOUS REVIEW. 1801. The union of Great Britain and Ire land took effect 1803. Insurrection in Ireland; death of Rob ert Emmet. 1804. Alexander Hamilton killed in a duel I by Aaron Burr.1 18063. Dissolution of the German empire and founding of the empire of Austria. 1810.] Beginning of the revolutions of the Spanish-American republics. 1818. Chile revolted from Spain and set up i a republic. 1819. First steam passage across the At-1 lantic made by the Savannah, which1 sailed from New York to Liverpool in 26 days.1 New Grenada and Venezuela formed a republic under Bolivar. 1821. Mexico declared her independence of Greece threw off the yoke of Turkey. Napoleon died at St. Helena. 1822. The United States acknowledged the church itself cannot have far to go to neighbor with Franciscan chapels and Roman Catholic cathedrals, the whole medley of a foreign world usurp - lg that place where once Puritanism reigned supreme. They say that the Boston Italians are very thrifty, that from being good rent payers they are becoming notable prop erty buyers. They are a music loving] and art loving people. "Go to the1 Museum of Fine Arts on the free days) and se these same Italians, in their rags and hobnail shoes. men, women and children, standing before the finest things in the gallery and appreciating And that sight reminds a writer in The Transcript of a shabby cabman in Florence who always carried his Gerusalemma Liberata in his coat pcket and whose passion was for the preservation of the Italian tongue in Its purity, "as only the Slennese now preserve it, signorina." In every home there is some one who wlks off with things that belong to Ihmme o _er.Atchiann Globe. - adependence of the South Amnericn epublics. 1823. President Monroe established the fonroe doctrine by declaring in his unual message that "the American ontinents are not to be considered ubjects for future colonization by any luropean power." 1824. Peru became a republic as a result of he battle of Ayacucho. 1837. Rebellion in Canada. Proclamation f strict neutrality by President Van luren. Financial panic in the United States. 1840. Difficulties in China on account of be Introduction of opium by the Eng ish. Napoleon's remains removed from St. lelena to Paris. 1S45. Sir John Franklin's arctic expedition ailed on its disastrous voyage. 1848. Year of republican uprisings in Eu ope; successful in France, temporarily o in Hungary under the leadership of .ouis Kossuth, but a failure in Ger aany. 1830. Invasion of Cuba by filibusters from he United States led by Lopez. Clayton-Bulwer ship canal treaty. 1831. First great international exhibition pened in London. 1833. World's fair at the Crystal palace, few York. 1834. The United States offered Spain 120,000,000 for Cuba. 1535. Panama railway completed from sea o sea. Walker's filibustering expedition in scaragua. 1857. Financial panic in the United States. 1859. John Brown raid. 1860. The Great Eastern, the largest ship a the world, arrived in New York from iverpooL Prince of Wales visited the United tates. Election of Lincoln; beginning of the ivil war. 1861. Suspension of specie payments; first reenbacks. Serfdom abolished in Russia by Alex nder L 1862. Second international exposition in .ondon. 1803. Emancipation went into effect. 1867. Second international exhibition in 'aris. (1-1855.) 1868. First Chinese embassy to the west .rrived in Washington; treaty con luded. Revolution in Cuba; beginning of the Ten Years' war. 1869. Pacific railway completed. Suez canal opened. 1870. Weather signal service established a the United States. 1872. Disputes between the United States .nd Great Britain over the Alabama laims and the northwestern boundary ettled by arbitration. 1873. Financial panic in the United States. International esposition at Vienna. Virginlus massacre; officers and crew f the filibustering steamer Virginlus ut to death by Spanish officials in juba. 1876. Massacre of General George A. Cus er and his whole command by the hioux. Hayes-Tilden electorai contest set led by a commission. Centennial exposition in Philadel lhla. 1878. The United States life saving service, rst exclusively governmental estab ishment of the kind In the world, ounded by congress. Resident Chinese embassy establish d in Washington. Third French international exposition spened 1i Paris. 1879. Resumption of specie payments in he United States. 1891. United States and Chilean crisis. 1893. World's Coiumbian exhibition at Chii-. ago. 1897. Arbitration treaty between the United Itates and England. Growth of the i'rited States. The twelfth census of the UnIted tates shows the population of the tates and territories to be 76,295,220. n 100, when the second census was aken, the country had 5,308,483 inhab tants. The growth in each decade of he century is shown by the following esults of census computations from .810 to 1800, InclusIve: 1810, 7,239,881; .820, 9,633,SS2; 1830, 12,866,020; 1840, .7,09,453; 1850, 23,191,876; 1800, 31, 43,321; 1870, 38,549,534; 1870, 50,155, '83; 1890, 03,000,750. The history of the United States in he nineteenth century is one of active rowth and development unparalleled a the record of any other country in1 he world. From a line of states along he Atlantic coast the area has been tended across the continent and tis 'ast domain peopled as if by magic. The country has triumphed in three oregn wars and survived a stupen ous civil conflict Commerce and. anufactures have flourished, art, scl ne and literature have been fostered,: .nd valuable Inventions have succeed d one another. To the original domain have been' dded during the century: Louisiana In the Interest of Accuracy. At a meeting of the Mansfield House ettlement Mr. Percy Alden, the ward m, told a story of the mother of itobert Louis Stevenson. The wIdow f the novelist was telling how, in the sland of Samoa, the old lady had :aken walks with a native chieftain 'who had killed thousands and eaten iundreds." "Oh, Fanny!" exclaimed :he novelist's mother in horror, "you now it was only 11"-London Chron The Point of View. The squire (sympathetically)-I'm rery sorry to hear that your husband s at the point of death, Mrs. Hodge, u1t you must try and be cheerful, as ou know it will be all for the best. Mrs. Hodge-Ah, yes, indeed, sir; it'll be a blessing when 'e's gone. ['ll be able to live in comfort then, as 'ave 'Im In four dift'erent club. rudy. Until the middle of the century Great Britain imported two-thirds of the Iron she used. The use of coal for smelting vs te +n n1y beginning. (purchase), 1S03, 1,171,031 square miles; Florida (purchase), 1S45. 59,2G8 miles; Texas (purchase), 1845. 375,250 square miles; from Mexico (cession), 1848, 545, 783 square miles; Alaska (purchase), 1807. 570,000 square miles; Hawaii, 18S8, G,740 square miles; Porto Rico, 1898, 3,000; Guam. 1898, 54 square miles; the Philippines, 1899, 143,000 square miles. INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES. 180:. Successful voyage of Robert Fulton's steamboat Clermont from New York to Albany. 1819. First ocean steamship, the Savannah, left Savannah for Liverpool; trip com pleted in 26 days. 1827. The Delaware and Hudson Canal company operated a railroad at their coal mines at Honesdale, Pa., with a locomotive made in England. 1831. First passenger train in America drawn by a locomotive run at Balti more. Chloroform discovered by Dr. Guth rie, an American. 1834. Invention of the mower and reaper. 1831). Charles Goodyear invented vulcan ized rubber. Daguerre invented the photograph. Gold discovered In Australia. 1844. First telegraphic dispatch sent from Baltimore to Washington. 1846. Sewing machine Invented. 1848. Discovery of gold in California. 1850. Discovery of the northwest passage by Captain McClure of the British navy. 1850. II. Bessemer invented process of making steel by passing cold air through liquid iron; known as the "Bessemer process." 1806. Atlantic cable completed. 1876. Invention of the telephone. Exploration of the Kongo river by Stanley. 18"''. Edison exhib!ted his electric light. * 1880. First electric ralroad. 1815. X rays discovered. 1890. Gold discovered In the Klondike. DISASTERS ON SEA AND LAND. 1811. St. George and Defence wrecked oft Jutland; 2,000 drowned. 1835. Great fire in New York; 529 houses burned, involving a loss of $18,000,000. 1842. Earthquake in Santo Domingo; 5,000 deaths. 1852. Earthquake in Italy; 14,000 deaths 1871. Chicago devastated by the greatesi fire ever known on the American con tinent; $96,000,000 in property destroy ed and 100.000 people made homeless. 1872. The richest business quarter of Bos ton devastated by fire; loss $60,000,000 1873. The Atlantic wrecked on Meaghel rock; 560 lives lost. Viule de Havre wrecked; deaths, 226 1883. Cimbria wrecked off Holland; 45( drowned. Tornadoes and floods in the Unitei States; volcanic eruptions in Italy and the island of Java; destructive fresh ets in central Europe; cholera epidemic In Egypt. 1886. Series of destructive earthquakes al Charleston; property loss In the city. $14,500,000. 1888. Great bizzard In the United States. 1889. Warship disaster at Samoa. Johnstown flood; over 2,000 deaths. 1893. Victoria sank, carrying down 400 men. 1895. Elbe wrecked; 350 deaths. 1898. La Bourgogne wrecked in collision off Halifax; 560 deaths. 1900. West Indian hurricane and tidal wave nearly destroyed Galveston; about 7,000 deaths and a loss of $25, 000,000 In property. Docks of the North German Lloyd and the ocean steamers Saale, Bremen and Main burned In New York; 302 deaths; property loss, $10,000,000. A Century of Great Progress. The century now ending has been full of sad events, but It has also pro. duced more than all preceding centtu ries to make human life easier and hap pier. Discovery, invention, education and culture have at the same time mul tiplied the food supply and the com forts of life for the masses of the peo pl and have developed philanthropic sentiment to such an extent that the hard conditions of former times are largely obsolete. Ignorance, poverty, suffering and imprisonment are now mitigated greatly by the increased ma terial prosperity of most civilized races and by the increased disposition of in dividuals and states to share with the unfortunate the proceeds 'et the in creased productiveness of labor helped by machinery. The luxuries of the rich in 1800 are the necessities of life for the poor in 100. There has been in this regard a large amount of progress in the cen tury now ending. So far as the happi ness of life depends upon material con ditions, It has been greatly promoted. Baltimore Sun. A Bold Defense. "An enlisted man once put the presi dent of a court martial in a difficult po sition," says a writer in Cassell's Mag azine. "The court martial was trying the soldier for some fault or other. When the evidence-and It took an un usually long time--had been given, the president asked the prisoner If he had anything to say in his defense. "'Well, sir.' said the man, 'I can't see howv this 'ere court can sentence me. for Mtajor Jones 'as been reading a paper under the table the 'ole blooming time, and Captain Smith 'as been mak ag me into a karicatoor on the blot ting pad, and as for Lieutenant Brown, 'e 'asn't 'ad his commission a year, and don't count anywaysl'" Powers of Enadurnce. "When my grandfather was a young man," said the boy with a snub nose "he could run ten miles without stop "I heard my grandfather make prayer 25 minutes long once at a pray er meetin," responded the boy with the di.~rty facean It dMdn't fezehim." ATLANTIC COAST LINE. CHARLESTON, S. C., Jan. 14, 1900. On and after this date the following passenger schedule will be in effect: NORTHEASTERN RAILBOAD. South-Bound. '35. *23. '53. Lv Florence, 3.25 A. 7.55 P. Lv Kingstree, 8.57 Ar Lanes, 4.38 9.15 Lv Lanes, 4 38 9.15 7.40P. Ar Charleston, 6.03 10.50 9.15 North-Bound. '78. *32. '52. Lv Charleston, 6.33 A. 5.17 P. 7.00 A. Ar Lanes. 8.18 6.45 8.32 Lv Lanes, 8 18 6.45 Lv Kingstree, 8.34 Ar Florence, 9.28 7.55 'Daily. f Daily except Sunday. No. 52 runs through to Columbia via Central B. R. of S. C. Trains Nos. 78 and 32 run via Wilson and Fayetteville-Short Line-and make close connection for all points North. Trains on C. & D. B. H. leave Florence. daily except Sunday 9.55 a m, arrive Dar. lington 10.28 a m, Cheraw, 11.40 a in, Wadesboro 12.35 p in. Leave Florence daily except Sunday, 8.00 p in, arrive Dar lington, 8.25 p in, Hartsville 9.20 p in, Bennetsville 9.21 p in, Gibson 9.45 p in. Leave Florence Sunday only 9.55 a in, ar rive Darlington 10.27. Hartsville 11.10 Leave Gibson daily except Sunday 6.35 a i, Bennettsville 6.59 a m, arrive Darling. ton 7.50 a in. Leave Hartsville daily ex cept Sundav 7.00 a in, arrive Darlington 7.45 a in, leave Darlington 8.55 a to, arrive Florence 9.20 a in. Leave Wadesboro daily except Sunday 4 25 p in, Cheraw 5.15 p m, Darlington 6.29 p in, arrive Florence 7 p in. Leave Hartsville Sunday only 8.15 a m Darlington 9.00 a in, arrive Florence 9.2u a m. .J. R. KENLEY, JNO. F. DIVINE, Gen'l Manager. Gen'l Sup't. T. M. EMERSON, Traffic Manager. H. M. EMERSON, Gen'l Pass. Agent. W.C.&A. South-Bound. 55. 35. 52. Lv Wilmington,'3.45 P. Lv Marion, 6.34 Ar Florence, 7.15 Lv Florence, '7.45 *2.34 A. Ar Sumter, 8.57 3.56 Lv Sumter, 8.57 '9.40 A. Ar Columbia, 10.20 11.00 No. 52 runs through from Charleston via Central B. B., leaving Charleston 7 a in, Lanes 8.34 a in, Manning 9.09 a in. North-Bound. 54. 53. 32. Lv Columbia, '6.40 A. '4.15 P. Ar Sumter, 8.05 5.35 Lv Sumter, 8.05 '6.06 P. Ar Florence, 9.20 7.20 Lv Florence, 9.50 Lv Marion, 10.34 Ar Wilmington, 1.15 'Daily. No. 53 runs through to Charleston, S. C., via Central R. R., arriving Manning 6.04 p in, Lanes, 6.43 p in, Charleston 8.30 p in. Trains on Conway Branch leave Chad bourn 5.35 p in, arrive Conway 7.40 p in. returning leave Conway 8.30 a in, arrive Chadbourn 11.50 a in, leave Chadbourn 11.50 a m,arrive at Hub 12.25 pm,returning leave Hub 3.00 p in, arrive at Chadbourn 3.35 p m. Daily except Sunday. J. B. KENLY, Gen'l Manager. T. M. EMERSON, Traffic Manager. H. M. EMERSON, Gen'l Pass. Agent. CENTRAL R. R. OF SO. CAROLINA. No. 52 Lv Charleston, 7.00 A. M. Lv Lanes, 8.34 Lv Greeleyville, 8.46 Lv Foreston, 8.55 Lv Wilson's Mill, 9.01 Lv Manning, 9.09 Lv Alcoln, 9.16 " Lv Brogdon, 9.25 " Lv W. & S. Junct., 9.38" Lv Sumter, 9.40 " Ar Columbia, 11.00" - ~ No. 53 Lv Columbia, 4.00 P. M. Lv Sumter, 5.13 " Lv WV. & S. Junct. 5.15" Lv Brogdon, 5.27 " Lv Alcolu, 5.35 " Lv Manning, 6.04 " Lv Wilson's Mill, 5.50" Lv Foreston, 5.57 " Lv Greeleyville, 6.05" Ar Lanes, 6.17 " Ar Charleston, 8.00" M NCHESTER & AUGUSTA R. B. No. 35. Lv Sumter, 3.47 A. M. Ar Creston, 4.43 ", Ar Orangeburg, 5.10" Ar Denmnark, 5.48 No. 32 Lv Denmark, 4.28 P. L. Lv Orangeburg, 5.02 " Lv Creston, 5.27 " Ar Sumter, 6.18 " Trains 32 and 35 carry through Pullmnw palace bnffet sleeping cars between New York and Macon via Augusta. W ison and S"mmerton R. R. ThiE TAB.Ez No.3, In effect Wednesday, Oct. 17th, 1900. Between Sumter and Camden. Southbound. Northbound. - Mixed-Daily except Sunday. No. 68. No. 70. No. 71. No. 69. PM AM AM PM 6 15 10 00 Le.. Sumter .. Ar 9 00 5 00 6 17 10 02 N. W. Junctn 8 58 4 58 6 45 10 30 . ..Dalzell... 8 00 4 15 7 00 10 45 ... Borden... 7 30 3 45 7 30 11 15 ..Remberts.. 7 15 3 30 7 50 11 50 SoRy Junctn 6 55 3 10 8 00 12 01 Ar..Uamden..Le 6 45 3 00 (8 C & G Ex Depot) PM PM AM PM Between Wilson's Mill and Sumter. No. 73. Daily except Sunday No. 72. P M Stations. P ML 2 00 Le...Sumter...Ar 12 30 2 03 ...N W Junction... 1227 220 .........Tindal........ 1155 2 50........Packsville.......-1130 3 20 .........Silver......... 1110 40 ........Millard ........111 4 30- ......-unmerton .... 10 10 5 10 ......... Davis......... 940 5 30 ........Jordan ....... 925 6 00 Ar....ilson's Mills..Le 9 05 P M A M Between Millard and St. Paul. Southbound. Northbound. No 73. No. 75. No. 72. No. 74. P M A M Stations A M P M 3 30 10 15Le Millard Ar 10 45 4 35 3 40 10 25 Ar St. Paul Le 10 35 4 25 PM AM AM PM THOS. WILSON, President. Nellgg to hell8, # 121i[t1Io8, OFFICE OF JUDGE OF PRORATE, Manning, S. C., August 1, 1900. To Executors. Administrators, Guardians and Committees: I respectfully call your attention to annexed statute. You will please- give this matter early attention. Very respectfuly Judge of Probate. Sec. 2064-(1942). Executors, Administrators, Guardians and Committees, shall annually while any estate remains in their care or cus tody. at any time before the first day of July of each year. 'render to the Judge of Probate of the county from whom they obtain Letters Testa mentary or Letters of Administrators or Let ters of Guardianship. etc., a just and true ac count, upon oath, of the receipts and expendi tures of such estate the preeeding Calendar year. which, when examined and approved. shall be deposited with the Inventory and ap praisement or other papers belonging to such estate. in the office of said Judge of Probate, there to be kept for the inspection of such per sons as may be interested in the estate-(unider former penalties.) Approved the 2d day of March. 1897. DR. J. FRANK GEIGER, DENTIST, M ANNING, S. C.