The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, January 10, 1900, Image 1
VOL. XV. MANINING. S. C,- WEDNESDAY., JANUARY 10-1004NO 7
OUR GALLANT DEAD
The Men South Carolina Sent
Into the Civil:War.
THE LIVES THAT WERE GIVEN
Valuable Historical Facts and
Figures From the State His
torian's Annual Report to
the Legis!ature.
The annual report of the State his
torian of public records has been pre
sented and handed to Gov. McSweeney
for transmission to the general asseim
bly. The report covers S9 I rinted
pu es of as valuable matter-as has ever
gone into a report to the general assem
semibly. It is full of information that
has been collected during many years
and put in condensed form now for
the first time. Col. Thomas preliti
rary repor t reads as follows.
To His Excellency, M. B. Mcsweeney,
Governor of South Carolina.
Sir: I have the honor to submit
through you to the general assembly
my annual report for the .ear 1S99.
The last general assembly having
Made n3 Irovision for the continuance
OF the important work of this office. it
was in view of much unfinished busi
ness connected therewith, outside of
the completion of the rolls, that I
deemed it my duty to keep the office
open and to prosecute my labors on my
own responsibility, a a voluntary con
tribution to the Confederate history of
the State, and especially to the cause
of the rank and file of a noble soldiery.
To this end I have addressed myself
chiefly to the further collection Lf war
papers and to such data as would illu
minate the Confederate rolls I placed
myself as far as practicable in commu
nication with the leading surviving
representatives of each organization,
infantry, cavalry and artillery. Of the
64 communicated with, about one-half
only made response. The result of
my year's work appears in the follow
ing elaborate paper.
It will be seen that the account of
the raising of troops in South Carolina
for State and Confederate service
1861-65-which is herewith presented
as the joint work of Mr. W. J Rivers
and myself, is an important contribu
tion to the history of the part taken by
the State in the Confederate War, and
that taken by the troops furnished by
the State to the southern Confederacy.
Much credit is due to Mr. Rivers, the
eminent historian and educator, for his
share in the "account." This paper
throw3 a flood of light upon the Con
federate rolls, and lays broad and deep
the foundation of the sketch which has
been designed by legislative action to
accompany the publication thereof,
when this publicaii.: b-hall be ordered
by the general assea& .
As a further resub .if my services
for the year ending IS! I report the
collection of much addita' ai data from
South Carolina in the war for southern
independence and constitutional liber
ty-such as the following:
The unveiling of the mzural tabiet,
Dec. 20, 1898.
Brownfield-a sketch of Lieut. G n.
Anderson.
McMaster's sketch of Eiliot s biigade
at Crater.
Hudson's sketch of the Twenty sixth
regiment.
Simons' sketch of thec Twenty-sev
enth regiment.
Mattison's sketch of Orr a Rifles.
Tributes to the late Col G. MoD
Miller.
Coker's History-Co - ," Sixth S C
V inantry; Co "G," Nirnth S C Y in
fantry, C~ S A.
A. Barron Holmes' sketch of Palmet
to Guard.
Colcock's account of the baitde of
Ihoney Hill.
Wells' paper on the causes of the
war.
Courtenay's fragments of war his
tory.
News and Courier's war papers-Con
federate reunion, May, 1899.
Unveiling shaft to unknown dead
October, 1899.
Our dead at Point Lookout.
The following additional rolls have
been received:
Co A, Twentieth regiment. S C V.
Co K, Seventh regiment, S C Y.
Co E, Second regiment, S C Y.
Co A (Richland Volunteer Ritle Co)
First regiment, S C V, Gregg's.
Co A (Calhoun Guard). Twenty Sev
enth regiment, S C V.
Darlington Guards, 1861l.
The roll of "individual record' has
been augmented by the addition of
eight names.
The rolls having been practically
completed, I would regard my duty not
fully done, if I did not repeat the re
commnendation,- here tofore made, that
t hey be publisheda duly edited. and ac
companied, agreeably to dhe original
scheme of the general assembly, ap
-.roved Dec. 20, 1893., by such a sketch
as that contained in the one herewith
aubmitted in the "account," supple
miented by a concise statement of the
e ar record of each of the~ orgarniz tions
f rom South Carolina that participated
in our heroic struggle.
As to the approxate cost of the
publication of the rolls. I submit here
with the estimates furnished, at my re
1uest, by a reputable printig house in
the State:
EsTIMATE NO. 1.
With reference to the publication of
t he rolls, I have looked carefully over
the matter, and believe that the best
hape would be to set in nonpariel ty pe,
-ize of page 7 3-S inches by 11. The
width of the column is such that we
would put the head of cach page on
the eleven inch side-that is, the side
of the book, and read down one page
and then down the other. Allowing
for 106 pages of introductory mna:ter,
title pages, indexes, etc., added to the
rolls as per specifications which y o
gave me, the book will make three
olumes, about 800 pages each. I pro
pse to put them ea thin, stroag paper,
o that they wilh not be too bulky, and
bind the volumnes in c'o:h. la this
style they would cost as follows.
1,000 copies, about $5 000.
2,000 copies, about $7,000.
s,0 nopines about $12,000
ESTIMATE No 2.
RFeferring to the publicatiou of the
rolls, we shall be pleased to furnish the
same, with the names only, without
the recora, and allowing about 120
pages for roll of general field staff offi
cers and the narrative matter, bound
in paper. If set in small pica type:
1,000 copies, $1.200.
2,000 copies, $1 600.
5,000 copies, $2,875.
We could set in a little smaller type
than the above (brevier,) it and would
reduce the cost somewhat, say:
1,000.copies, $1,100.
2,000-copies, $1,300.
5,000 copies, $2,350.
They could be bound in a very fair
quality of cloth cases for about $180
per 1,000 copies. You could try the
edition in paper, and that would ensure
the publication, and parties desiring to
get them could have them bound more
substantially afterwards.
These estimates are submitted to the
judgement of the general assembly. I
desire only to add that the publication
of the names alone, leaving out the de
scriptive part on each roll, while re
specting economical conditions, would
in my view meet the requirements of
the proposed publication. This whole
mitter, however, is a question for the
general assembly to determine upon its
responsibility to the people of South
Carolina, and there I am content to
leave it.
Having fulfilled to the full measure
of my abiliiy and my opportunity the
trust momiatted to me, October, 1897,
by the late Governor Ellerbe, and the
general assembjly having shown no dis
position to consummate the work as
originally outlined and designed, I now
submit to you the resignition of my
office, with a high appreciation of the
interest that your excellency has shown
in my labors.
I have the honor to be, yours
respectfully. Jno. P. Thomas.
The "account" covering South Caro
lina's part in the Civil Was is entitled
"The Raising of Troops in South Caro
lina for State and Confederate service"
and Part One deals with "The begin
ning of the War between the States in
South Carolina." It makes interesting
reading. The names of the officers of
all the commands are given.
Part Two deals with the '-volunteers
for Qonfederate service and State ser
vi, e to the close of the year 1861."
Part Three is entitled "Volunteering
continued-conscription, reenlisting of
12 months' troops, and reorganization
in the spring of 1862."
The "account" concludes thus:
"It has been seen that up to August,
1862, 45,000 were computed to have
entered the Confederate service from
this State."
This is the revelation of the rolls at
this time:
The official records in the office of
the State historiar of Confederate
records show that South Carolina put
in the armies of the Confederate States
34 regi-nents and four battalions of in
fantry -371 companies, seven regi
ments, one squadron and one company
of cavalry-73 companies; and three
regiments, two battalions and 19 un
attached batteries of artillery -55
companies-the tabulation of the rolls,
including the field and staff, regimental
and battallon, giving the following
result
Enrolled. Sefective.
Infantry... . .44,328 38,314
Cavalry .. .. .. .. ..9,067 8,014
Artillery ......... 8,213 7,637
Total... .......61,608 53,965
In addition, the official records show
80 companies of State troops or re
semvs, with an enrollment, including
field and staff, of 4,944 enrolled, or
4,911 tutal effective-which is known
to be Lar below the actual figures, since
there were organized at least 12 regi
metats of reserves in addition to other
State troops.
It thus appears, from the figures of
the rolls in the State historian's cus
tody and duty filed, that South Caro
lina furtnished for ( infederate service
61,60o8 offiers and men total enrolled,
or 53 965 total effective, and for State
service 4,944 offcers and men total en
rolled, or 4,941 total effective.
Making now the moderate estimate,
and the estimate that the truth of his
tory warrants that 5 per cent. of Con
federate and 25 per per cent. Of State
troops arc not carried on the rolls, it
further appears that South Carolina
gave to the Southern Confederacy a
total of 71,083 officers and men enrolled
or 62,833 effective, as follows:
Enrolled. Effective.
Infantry.........46,544 40,229
Cavalry .. .. .. .. . .9.520 8,414
Artillery.. ....8,839 9,018
Total. . . 64.,903 56,661
State troops enrolled 6,180. or effec
tive 6,177, aggregating, as above stated,
71,083 offieers and mzen enrolled, o1 62,
838 effective.
The magnificent way and the rare
unanity with which South Carolina
stocd by her colors and redeemed the
pledge of 1860 of life and honor is best
illustratud by the simple fact that the
voting population of the State was hut
60,000~ in 1860.
But this does not limit the contribu
tion of the State. Entitled to equal
honor with the officers and men of the
line are those self-sacrificing and skil
ful mren who composed the engineer
corps, the medical staff and the band of
chaplains, as well as the quartermaster
and conmissary department.
INor should we overlook -the services
of thec signal corps; the "Captains
Cousragtous" of the blockade runners,
and the officers and men that South
Carolint gave to the iron-clads in the
harbor of Charleston and to the Con
federate States navy, the heroism of
which is matter of history.
In reviewing further the contribution
of this &ate to the cause of secession
and Staterights, must be taken in ac
count the military skill of the general
officers frcom South Caroli'na in the Con
federate armies, of whom, appointed
from South Carolina or from other
States, the tecords sh-w fire lieutenant
generals, si: major g.:nerals, besides a
long array of brigar.ier generals, colo
nels and unjors. Of other commis
sioned, non'comrrissioned officers and
privates con:Ing under this head there
is no record.
So much, concisely stated, for South
Carolina's cottribution to the ca-xse to
which she Wts pledged by the ordi
nance of secestion, passed December 20,
1860.
There is preented next the costly
by South Carolina in the war :iie pre
cipitated and then grandly breasted,
receiving her full share of the fiery
belts of battle from 1861 to the end.
The report of the State historian, laid
before the gencral assembly, shows the
deaths in battle or from wounds, the
deaths from disease and in prison, and
the wounded to be as follows:
Infantry.............. 17,91S
Cavalry..................1,467
Artillery........ .......... 716
making a total of such casualties to be
20.101.
Bat this, owing to the imperfection
of some of the rolls ieported, does not
give the full showing. As to the 371
infantry company rolls. 26 contain no
repurt of "died in battle or from
wounds"; 43 no report of "died from
disease"; 167 no report of "died in pri
son," and 45 no report of "wounded."
As to the 56 artillery company rolls,
22 contain no report of "aied in battle
or from wounds"; 25 no report of "d ied
from disease"; 49 no report of "died in
prison, and 27 no report of "wounded."
Applying now the rule of averages to
the'se incomplete rolls, it appears that
the infantry casualties may fairly be
put at 21,146; the c.avalry at 1,739, and
the artillery at 1,363. making a total of
24,245, :!assi ed as follow
INFANTRY.
Died in battle or from wou--ds.. 6.7t5
Died from disease.. . 5.74G
Died in prison.. . .. LS2
Wounded.......... ... 7,513
Total.. .....21.146
CAVALRY.
Died in battle or fron wounds 528
Died from disease. . . .........457
Died in prison.. ..S......... 86
Wounded................
Total ... ............1,739
ARTILLERY.
Died in battle or from woundz ... 350
Died from disease.. . 404
Died in prison 37
Wounded.. ...............572
Total ..................1,366
To sum up: Basing thc percertage
of casualties upon the "total enrolled"
in each arm of the service, the result
would be: Infantry, 45 per cent.;
cavalry, 18 2-10 per cent.; artillery,
15 4-10 per cent.
Making the "total effective" in each
arm of trie service the basis of said per
centage, the result would be: Infantry,
52 7-10 per cent.; cavalry, 20 7-10 per
cent. That is, the casualties of the in
fantry in war were more than one-half
of the total effective; of the cavalry
more than one-fifth, and of the artillery
more than one-sixth.
.Truly, a costly sacrifice, and one
freely made, of the best blood of the
commonwealth!
So much, concisely presented, for the
personal sacrifice of South Carolina in
the field of arms 1861-65. More elo
quent than words are the figures here
given-figures based upon records and
the logical inferences deducible there
from.
The patriotism of the contributirn
and the pathos of the self-sacrifice
make up the story of the fame of this
commonwealth. And whon, further.
there are added to this military herit
ae South CaTolina's contribution of
statesmanship and the fidelity of her
noble womanhood in the years of the
war, there is exhibited a demonstration
of devotion to principle in scorn of con
sequence, and in obedience to duty,
that challenges the world's admiration.
The part enacted by South Carolina in
the war between the States is her glory
and her complete vindication.
Part four deals exclusively with the
"State troops."
Not a Trust.
AMttr fully investigating the matter
the Spartanburg Herald has cor!e to
the conclusion that the Virginia-Caro
lina Chemical Company is not a trust,
but a lagitimate business enterprise.
The Herald says: "It is a joint stock
corporation which has bought and paid
for a number of fertilizer factories. It
owns the property and the stock in the
company is owned by thouands of in
dividuals all over the south. The
stockholers manage the affairs, through
a board of directors. We have taken
the trouble to look into this matter and
to inquire into the rise in the price of
fertilizers. We find that the prices of
commercial fertilizers have increaed
about 20 per cent. over last year, while
the cost of most of the material that
enters into the manufacture of fertili
zers has increased much more than this
in price. As a matter of fact there is
less profit to the companies making
fertilizers just now even at the in
creased price than last year, when they
were sold for 20 per cent. less. A
Trust is an organization of manu
facturers in which the interests of sev
eral concerns are pooled for the pur
pose of limiting the ontpnt of the fac
tories with a view to controlling prices.
Several concearns come together and
agree that a certain number of them
shall suspend operations for a stated
time, and that all shall share in the
prots of those which continue to oper
ate. It is strickly an organization to
limit production and to raise prices, and
it cannot be justified on any ground.
It is an organization in restraint of
trade, and measured by the definition
of a Trust, we find that the Virginia
Carolina Chemical Co., is, in fact, the
opposite of a trust. This company,
with ample means, has bought up a
number of struggling mills, making
fertilizers. The plants hare been
renovated and put in good repair.
'Many of them have been enlarged, and,
instead of having the force of toen at
work in the factories reduced, as is the
case with Trusts, there has been an
actual increase."
A Preacher Murdered.
The Rev. Mr. Brooks, of the Church
Missionary society, stationed at Ping
Yin, in the province of Shan Tung,
China was capturea in that vicinity
and murdered December 3 by members
of a seditious society called "boxers,"
who have been active lately destroy ing
many villages and killing native Chris
tians. The government of the province
had despatched a force of cavalry to
tho scene of the disturban os, bat the
soldiers arrived too late to. save Mr.
Brooks.__________
A Deep Plunge.
Miss May Hudson of Walden, Ga.,
while looking into a 70-foot wel', lost
her balance and fell to the botto.n. A
young man who was with her at the
time succeeded in rescuing her- Be
yond a few scratches, she was unin
FRAUD AND BRIBERY
The Goebel People Promise to
Shake Social Kentucky
TO HER BOURBON CENTRE.
They Make Nine Charges in Their
Contest. The Goebel Demo
crats Have the Leg
islature.
It begins to look as if there was con
siderable ground for the charges made
by the Goebel Democrats that the Re
publicans of Kentucky were determined
to steal the State. The legislature is
now in session at Frankfort and the
Goebel Democrats have submitted their
notice of contest against Governor Tay
lor and Lieut. Gov. Marshall has been
served. Nine different grounds of con
test arc embraced in the notice, the
substance of which is as follows:
First. Alleged use of tissue ballots
in 40 counties.
Second. Military interference with
the electiont and intimidation of voters
in .h teron county by troops under or
der, :Lnd personal command of Gov.
Bradley.
Third. Alieged unlawful issuince
Of Uaudatory iLj:metions by Judge
Toney, in Louisvilie. on election day,
by which election officers were cor
peled to sign false returns.
Fourth. Intimidation of railroad
employees by chief officers of the Louis
ville and Nashville railromi in several
countiCs.
Fifth. That the lealers of the Re
publican party corruptly eLtered into a
conspiracy with the Louisville and
Nashville railroad, the American Book
Trust and other corporations and trusts
by which these corporations furnished
large sums of imney for the purpose of
defeating the contest.
Sixth. Alleged unlawful issuance of
mandatory injunctions in Knox and
Lewis counties compelling county elec
tion boards to certify to false returns.
Seventh. Alleged interference of
United States marshals in the elections
which was the result of a conspiracy
between the marshals and the Repub
lican leaders to intimidate the voters.
Eighth. That before the meeting of
the State election commissioners Dec.
4, the Louisville and Nashville rail
road through itq paid agent, John H.
Wballen, eute:ed into a conspiracy with
the Republican leaders to bring to the
State capital largte bodies of deperadoes
to intimidatc and overawe the election
commissioners into giving the certifi
cates of election to Rtpublican candi
dates; that Gov. Bradley had here for
like purposes, soldiers in citizens cloth
ing. etc.
Ninth. That the election commis
siouers were forced threugh threats of
personal violence and incendiarism in
spired by the Louisville and Nashville
railroad, to sign returns which were
nct true.
In addition to the above it was
charged at the Democratic caucus by
Senator Harrell that he had been ap
proached by Whallen and paid $4,500
to remain out of the caucus. The
money, he said, had been placed in a
box with the Louisville Trust Company,
the key to which he passed up to Sena
tOr Goebel, who was presiding over the
caucus, ending his speech by declaring
that he had entered into the deal for
the purpose of exposing Whallen, and,
furher, that there was not money
enugh in the world to make him dis
loyal to his party and his State.
W1IALLEN ARRAIGNED.
Col Whallen was arraigned on the
attempted bribery charge before Magis
trate Thompson and held over to the
Fr..nklin county grarjd jury, his boiud
being fixed at $10,000. In the circuit
court President H-. V. Loving of the
Luisville Trust company was before
Judge Cantrill, charged with contempt
for disobeying the order of the court to
turn over the vault box alleged to hold
the S4,500) which it is claimed was to
be paid to H~arrelI in the event he voted
agai ast Goebel in the contest. Loving
stated that he merely desired to protect
the customers of his company, and his
attorney moved to quash the summons
against him. This the court over
ruled. Thereupon a response was filed
to the rule for contempt and in this it
is stated that Whallen. Harrell and
Charles Ryan rented the box in ques
tion and deposited something in it, the
box being sealed up and covered over
with white paper. The trust company
ofiials were notified -n't to allow the
box opened except in the presence or
by the consent of all three parties.
Judge Cantrill adjudged the response
insuiiient and ordered the box to be
produced in court. It is said that an
attempt will be made to have Senator
Harrell indicted in Louisville, where
Whallen's attorneys claim the prosecu
tion should have been instituted if any
offense has been committed. The
charge against Harrel would probably
be conspiracy, or accepting a bribe.
Both houses of the legislatdro organ
izd at noon by electing the nominees
of last night's caucus. in the house
South Trimble, for speaker, received,
the full 5S Democratic votes and J. P.
iLswell, all of the 42 Republicans.
For president pro tem of the senate,
Goebel was elected. The four Demo
eratic senators who bolted the caucus
Tueday night, voted or the caucus
nominees Wednesday.
making Them New.
The advertisement of Ortman's
Steam Dye Works, of C dumbia, S. C.
touches a subject of interest to lots of
peopl-because so many people have
e!othes that they want renewed by
clensuing or dreine or both. At Ort
man's Steam Dye Works, only the best
materials are used and only skilled
workmen are employed. Satisfaction
is guaranteed.
Eight Hundred Bodies.
Tiflis, Russian Transcancasia, has
been visited by a terrifie earthquake.
Altogether 13 villages in the Achalk
alak district of this government have
es prienced earthquake shocks. Six of
these places have been completely de
stroyed and 800 dead bodies have al
ready been recovered.
OUR STATE SCHOOLS.
Facts and Figures About Them Hard
to Get At.
The superintendent of education, af
ter a very ninute study of conditions
in the country, has prepared a system
of registers for the teachers and trus
tees in the country schools. Mr. Mc
Mahan has made most strenuous efforts
to simplify the keeping of the records
in the schools, while at the same time
having each item of interest about the
school carefully kept. In making out
his annual report, he has found that
the data about the schools in the courn
try are very hard to get, because of the
meagerness of the reports from the
teachers and trustees.
The county superintendents have
been unable to make their reports full,
because of there being no records in the
county offices. Whether or not it is
too much to expect that the district
trustees make out the very elaborate
reports heretofore asked of them. it is
proven beyond question true that they
have not made out these reports. The
new record books are very simple in
form, and require no Chinese puzzle
work to keep stra.ght. To better pre
serve the records in the schools, and
have them so that information can be
readily found out in time, all records
kept by the teachers and the trustees
are to turned in to the county superin
tendent of education at the close of
each school year.
In the trustees' record books, Mr.
McMahan gives -,me very carefully
prepared instructions, not only as to the
keeping of these records, but as to the
management of the school generally.
These instructions are very interesting
to all ,ho are interested in the welfare
of public schools, and ara given here in
full:
1. Meetings. The board can take no
action exce-t it a regular called meet
ing. The proceedingb oF each meeting
should be recorded in this bkf t d
no order for money should be issued
except under the authority of a resolu
tion properly adopted and recorded.
At its first meeting the board should
choose for its terms of two years a
chairman and a clerk. The clerk will
keep this book.
2. Warrants. Every order for money
shall specify exactly the service or ar
ticle therein paid for and the school
that has received the benefit. The
stub must be filled out, and then the
clerk of the board, the county superin
tendent and the county treasurer will
each have a complete record of all the
details of every item of expenditure for
each particular school in the district.
The county superintendent will not
approve a warrant that is not th'us
definitely filled out.
3. Overdrafts. The clerk will trar.,
fer to the disbursement page all
amounts on the stubs, and will know
at all times how his aceount stands
with the treasurer. No warrant should
be issued in excess of the money to the
district. If issued, it is void.
4. Report. This book properly kept
will be delivered at the end of the
school year to the county superintend
ent as the report of board of trustees.
5. Visiting schools. The trustees
should manifest an interest in the
schools under their charge and acquaint
themselves with the condition and
needs of each school, so as to be able
to promote best the educational inter
ests of the district ilach trustee
should visit each school in his district
at least once a year, and observe the
work and the spirit of teacher and pu
pils.
6. Contract with teacher. No one
can be elected as a teacher who has not
at the time of a certificate of qualifica
tion granted by the board of education
of the county or by the State board of
education. Diplomas and certificates
from other States have no legal efedct
in this State. Great hardships may
result from attempting to employ a
teacher who has no ce'rtificate and is
consequently legally incapicitated to
draw the salary. The plea of ignorance
of the law can effect no relief. Before
aefinitely choosing a teacher the board
should communicate with the county
superintendent and obtain his sanction.
7. Salary. This is a matter of con
tract between the teacher and the
board of trustees, subject to the super
vision of the county board of education.
There is no law requiring uniformn sal
aries to grade of certificate. The board
in its discretion should endeavor t> fix
the salary in every case according to
individual merit and the work of the
school. Especially should the board
observe the evidences of thi' teacher's
skill and fidelity and reguhlte the sal
ary the next year accordi. 1y.
8. Time of choosing teat >Lr. Before
the close of a school, or a~s soon after
wards as possible, the teacher for the
next year should be elected, with sal
ary and number of months definitely
agreed upon, so that the teacher may
know the prospect of work for the com
ing year and may p~lan for it. The chil
dren, moreover, have an interest in
knowing if their old teacher is to come
back, and the parents have a right to
know at the earliest possible time what
is the outlook for the next year's
school. -
The trustees should avoid the fre
quent changing of teacher> a practice
which is destructive to ti e progress of
the pupils and to the profession of
teachers. Refusing to maintain an un
necessary number of schools, econo
mizing in all purchases, and seeking
the aid, when possible, of an extra tax
or a neighborhood contribution, the
trustees should put forth every effort
to find means to pay a living yearly
salary and employ a competent teacher,
with the encouraging understanding
that the position is assured for suc
ceeding years "during good behavior"
and constant evidences of unfiaging
earnestness and effort toward furtheir
ipoet n.
9. Patrons. The trustees (subcject
only to the county and State board)
have entire control of the public
schools of their district, location and
building of new school houses, the sale
f former school houses, the employ
ment of teachers, etc. Patrons have no
voice except as the trustees may see fit
to consult them. At the same time
the trustees should never lose sight of
the fact that the confident approval
and cooperation of patrons are indis
pensable to the prosperity of the
school, and are to be obtained by a
favor or fear, with an eve only to the
public good. It is often a mistake to
try too hard to please everybody.
John J. McMahan,
State Suporintendent of Education.
THE FIRST DISTRICT.
A White Republican Will Run
Against the Democrat.
A dispatch from Charleston to the
Columbia State says "the contest for
Congress from the First District
promises to be bitterly fought, both in
the Democratic party and at the gen
eral election. It is gterally thought
that Col. William Elliott and Maj.
Joseph W. Barnwell will compete
alone for the honor of the Democratic
nomination. It is possible, of course,
for a Richmond te enter the field, but
this seems doubtful at present, and it
looks as if the candidates now before
the public will have the fight all to
themselves. The forces have already
begun to line up for the fray, but the
primary is a long time off and there
will be many changes between this day
and next August. Both candidates
have their admirers and supporters at
work, who are going about arousing
interest in behalf of their favorite and
endeavoring to count the noses. It is
appreciated that organization is the.
main spring, and both sides are
endeavoring to put their forces in
order.
The Republicans promiss to make a
hard fight this year, and it consequently
behooves the D,:mocratic voters to set
tle their differences within the party
and with as little friction as possible,
that a common and solid front may be
presented to the enemy. The Repub
licans will start their campaign early
this year. The party realizes that it
has not got the voters to put their can
didate in offic and their only hope
lies in making the race, as a matter of
form, and then appealing to a probable
Republican house for the seating of its
candidata on the grounds of the alleged
unconstitutional election laws of South
Carolina. The Republican convention
will be held in April or May. Chair
man Green of Beaufort will soon issue
his call for the election of the delegates
to the convention, which will probably
meet in Charleston.
Col. T. Barker Jones stated today
that he was a candidate and that his
name would be presented to the con
vention. He seemed certain of secur
ing the nomination, and said that he
had already assurances from the na
tional congressional committee that if
he was the nominee of the Republican
party, in the event of the t ouse of
representatives being Republican, that
he would be seated over the Democrat.
A prominent Republican was seen and
he said that the party intended to
nomicate a strong white man. who
would command the support of Demo
cratic voters as well as Republicans.
He thought Col. Jones a very light
weight and said that that gentleman
will hardly get the nomination.
George Washinton Murray, who Las
monopolized the Republican party
nomination for years, will probably be
dropped this year and a strong white
man nominated for the place, as stated
above.
Blackburn is Chosen.
The Democartic members of the
Kentucky Legislature in caucus on
Wednesday night at Frankfort, Ky.,
named Iormer Senator J. C. S. Black
burn as the suceessor of Senator Win.
Lindsay in the United States Senate.
Notwithstanding Blackburn's nomina
tion was a foregone conclusion and his
election morally certain, the proceed
iags of the caucus were enacted in the
presence of a galaxy of Kewntucky beau
ty and a dense throng of Blackburn
admirers The caucus convened at 8
o'clock a nd wascalled toorder by Sena
tor Goebel, chairman of the joint cau
cus. There was a wild demonstration
in the gall es when Goebel came into
the hall before calling the caucus to
order. the cheering continuing several
nutes. Senators Alexander and Hays,
Democrata, and McConnell, Populist,
stayed out of the caucus. Blackburn
was placed in nomination by Senator
Goebel, who said that the longest and
bitterest fight ever fought for senator
in this State, which began four years
ago (when Deboe defeated Blackburn)
was about to reach its just termination.
The State capitol rang with cheers as
he placed Blackburn in nomination.
Senator Thomas asked that the ruoll be
called so that every Democratic mem
ber might have an opportunity to go on
record for Blackburn. Senators Alex
ander and Hays failed to respond to
their names, otherwise the vote was
unanimous. Goebel was applauded
when he voted for Blackburu.
The Whole Truth.
While the convention of judges was
prescribing rules and regulations for
court attire, why did it not go further?
It might just as well have icsisted on
patent leather shoes, four-in-hand
neckties and kid gloves. It could have
restored the wearing of wigs by judges
and sitting on the woolsacks. It might
insist on lawyers parting their hair in
the middle, though such a rule could
could not affect some members of the
bar, particularly in Richland. There
are' lots of other useless things it
might have done. Justice, not habili
ments, will make a court respected.
Columbia Record.
A Sensation in Raleigh.
In the United States District Court
at Raleigh, N. C., Friday, Aquila J.
Marshall, of Wilmington, N. C., was
put on trial for counterfeiting. Mar
shall is an attorney, well connected,
and Up) to this time has borne a good
reputation. His arrest and trial have
caused a great sensation. The princi
pal witnesses against him are two
G;reeks, Nicholas Polit z and Theodore
Darkley, one of them already serving
six year's sentence in the penitentiary
aud the other under indictmont for
counterfeiting. They claim that Mar
shall acted as their adviser, ordered
material and outfit for them in making
the spurious coin.
So It Will Be.
"The Columbia State thinks the esti
uates for the future of cotton manu
facturing by Mr. D. A. Tompkins ase
very moderate. "Ten years from now,"
says the State, "the south will control
cotton manufacturing as it now con
YOUIG CIGARETTE SMOKERS
Would Do Well to Read and Heed the
Following.
In answer to his inquiry as to why
cigarette smoking applicants for bonds
from trust companies are rejected,
President Henry S Hartzog, of Clem
s' n College,-has received the following,
of deep interest to all youog cigarette
fiends, from one of the nation's leading
trust companies:
"To P.esident Hartzog, Clemson Col
lege, S. C.:
"Dear Sir:-Your esteemed letter is
received, inclosing our special and con
fidential circular concerning Mr.---,
and I note your inquiry as to the rea
sons that led us to inquire if the appli
cant was a cigarette smoker. We al
ways affix this question when the appli
cant is under twenty-one years of age.
I do not know that all the guarantee
companies ask for this information, but
this branch of our company has been
led to do so, because the writer in ten
years' experience finds that this com
pany in the conduct of its business
throughout the Southern States has not
paid a claim under a defaulter, who
was less than twenty-one years old,
whow as not a cigarette&smoker.
"If all the defaulters under twenty
one years are cigarette smokers it is
only reasonable that we should inquire
as to the habit of applican.s in this re
respect.
"If a young man 19 or 20 years old
should apply to us for bond the mere
smoking of cigarettes alone would not
disqualify him of our indorsement, but
if there was any other adverse informa
tion obtained the company's obje.ction
to cigarette smoking would be accentu
ated, and while neither of these objec
tions alone would cause the company to
decline the bond, both together would
unquestionably do so.
"It is our habit at this branch to re
quire a written promise from a minor
who is addicted to the habit of cirgar
ette smoking to entirely abstain from
their use as long as he serves under our
bond or until he has reached his ma
jority.
"It is not uncommon in'these days
for a business man to decline to give
employment to a young person who is
addicted to th. eigarette habit.
"Yours truly,
"* * * "
Cut this out, boys, and paste it in
your hat, where you can refer to it
handily. If you want to succeed you
must let cigarettes alone.
Objects to His Color.
The New York Herald says there is
likely to be trouble in the Brooklyn
school board over the election of a Negro
man as a teacher in one of the
schools. The Herald says: "An ef
fort will be made to have the appoint
ment revoked. Threats en the part of
the corps of white teachers in the school
to resign in a body if the appointment
is not recalled complicate the situation.
William L Buckley. Ph. D., is the
man to whom these objections are made.
At the meeting of the school board
November 13, Samuel B Scottron,
chairman of the local committee of No.
114 school, asked for hs appoietment
as teacher, but said nothing about his
color. Scot tron is himself a Negro
man, and the only representative of his
race on the board. There are only a
few Negro children in the school, and
they have never been collected into a
separate class. The local committee
of this school consists of Scottron, Dr.
J K Powell and Edward M Bassett.
Dr. Powell, it appears, had been previ
ously seen by Scottron with reference
to the appointment, and made no ob
jection. There is no doubt as to the
qualifications of Buc-k'ey. His color is
the only objection found to him. The
other teachers declare that they will
not teach alongside a Negro teacher.
Scottron says Buckley is not a stranger
in educational circles, as nine months
ago he was an applicant for the pnsition
of teacher of languages in the Eastero
District High School. He was formerly
vice president .f the Claflin University
in South Carolina, and a teacher of
languages,' continued Scottron. 'He
camt, to Brooklyn more than a year ago
in the interest of the university, and
was so favorably impressed that he de
cided to remain. In September he passed
an examination under Maxwell. city
superintendent of schools, for the p:>
sition of assistant principal. "There
was a vasancy in No. 114 school a little
later, and I thought Buckley would be
a good man to fill it. I sent him to
Messrs. Bassett and Powell, who con
sented to his appointment. Later Bas
sett withdrew his consenc on the groun
that he had thought it was a class of
Negro children he was to teach, and
not white children. Bassett exeitedly
informed me that he had'heard from the
teacheis of tise school, who declared
that if Buckley was placed in the
school they would resign. on learning
of this Scottron said he called a meet
ing in the school, at which Powell
gave his consent to the appointment,
byut Bassett refused to give his." Buck
ley is well known in Ocangeburg, hav
ing been a student and a teacher in
Clafiin Universty for many years.
Moody's Biography.
The family of the late D. L. Moody
announce that, in accordance with his
expressed desire, his elder son, William
Revell Moody, will write the biography
of the evangelist. And it is requested
that friends having correspondence or
other matters of interest communicate
with Mr. Moody at East Northfield,
Mass.
Brothers Drowned.
New Year's day near Dunwille, Essex
county, Va., John and Charles Wheely,
17 and 15 yoar old sons of a leading
farmer, went skating on Robinson mill
pond. Oae of the youths broke
through and his brother tried to rescue
him. The result was the dre wnirng of
both.
S'ew His Father.
A specia~. dispatch from Lourens, S.
C., to the Columbia State says: "Coot
Robertson, a colored youth, was lodged
in jail Thursday for shooting and killhng
his father, Henry Robertson, out at
Mr. J. J. Jack's, the night before.
"Coot"eclaims self-defense, as his father
wa. matckng him'with an open knife"
GERMANY AROUSED.
She Will Demand Exact and Full
Reparation~From Englard
FOR SEiZING HER SHIPS.
She Regards the Seizures as High
Handed Proceedings and De
mands Redress for the
Same.
The German Imperial mail steamer
General, has been detained at Aden
and occupied by British troops, with
the object of searching her cargo which
is to be discharged. The General is
owned by the German East African
line, the owners of the Bundesrath;
previouly captured by the British
cruiser Magicienne off Delagoa Bay.
A dispatch from Berlin says the
seizure of the above and other German
steamers by the English has consider
ably aggrevated the situation there,
and the indignation against England is
intensified. The government is stim
earnestly endeavoring to preserve cor
rect official relations, but England will
do well to hasten to make the amende
honorable to Germany.
On absolutely reliable authority the
correspondent of the Associated Press
learns that Emperor William is now
thoroughly aroused by the repeated
seizures of vessels not one of which, he
has been assured, has been guilty of
carrying contraband. He regards- the
seizuares as high handed proceedings,
which England would not have dared
to undertake if the German navy were
more powerful than it is. His majesty
is said to be particularly incensed be
cause information has reached him
showing that the seizures were not due
to the blundering of British naval offi
cers, but to strict orders from head
quarters, which the officers are merely
carrying out. He has therefore instruct
ed Count von Baelow, the foreign see
retary, to demand exact and full repara
tion for the outrage done to the Ger
man flag. No answer that is considered
satisfactory has yet been received from
London, and according to advice here,
none is to be expected for seveAl days
longer.
A dispatch from Hamburg says that
although the manifests of the German
steamers General show there was no
war material on board, she wes com
pelled to discharge her cargo. The
German East Africa company publishes
a statement in the Hamburger Noch
richtem saying that immediately on
the declaration of war the company
voluntarily refused to forward to 6outh
Africa two consignments of arms aI
ready on board their vessels, simply to
avoid trouble and delay in connection
with the other portions of the cargoes.
A copy of the manifest of the Bamdes
rah has been published showing that
her cargo fid not contain contraband.
The owners declare that there is abso
lutely ny foundation for the statement
that saddles and other war material
have been found amid the cargo of the
Bundersrath.
The German steamer Kanzler, with
the Dutch and Lu~sian Red Cross de
tachments for the Transvaal on board,
discharged a quantity of her cargo at
Naples 'Thursday as it was contraband
of war. The Kanzler belongs to the
same company as the Banderarath and
Geeral.
INSURANCE FIGUEES8.
Nearly Two Million Dollars the
Amount of Gross Premiums.
Daxring the past year the insurance
coapnies of all kinds doing business in
this State have done an enormous busi
ness, to jiudge from the summarized
statement made up by the comptroller
genral WedUnesday for his ainnual re
por:. Trane statem'ent shows thet the
increase has been close to one million
dollars as compared with last year.
The statement last year shows that
the gross premiums collected in this
Stti by acelleut, life an'd fire insur
ance. companies for the three quartera
eding Sept. 23, 1S9S, am.untcd to
$'2.261.25, and the one-half of one
per cent. tax thereon was $3,561 24.
This year's statement covers a full
year and shows that the gross premiums
amounted to $l,94S. S24 39-nearly
two millions of dollars--and the one
half of one per cent. thereon to be
$974363.
The statement by quarters is as fol
lows:
Premiums.
Fourth quar ter 18S .. $ 500.144 05
First quarter 189).. .... 529,710 54
Second quarter 1899. .. 46,36 11
Third quarter 189J.. ... .. 453933 69
Totals .. .. ... .. $1,948824.39
The taxes given above are paid di
ret to the State treasurer under the
new act and are exclusive of all the
regular State, county and school taxes
colected in the several counties by the
various county treasurers.
The showing is a handsome one and
udicates that the inaurance business
in South Carolina has been most profit
able to the agents. No statement is
3 et available sho~ving the losses of the
companies for the corresponding P0
riod.-Columibia State.
Our Army in the East.
With the transport Grant, which left
San Francisco on the 21st uIt., with
the Forty-eighth volunteer infantry
(colored) Gen. Otis will have command
of an effective force of about 65 000
men. The army now in the Pbilippines
aggregates 62 500. of which 31,000 are
regular troops and 31.500 are volun- a.
teers. With the arrnval of the Grant
the entire volunteers serengthtof 34,000
men will be in the Philippines.
Warm Young Negroes.
Julius Robinson, colored, was hanged
Wednesday at Dinwiddie court house,
T., for murdering William Jolly, a'
mer chant and prominent citizen, in No
vember last. He was taken from Pet-7
ersburg to the scene of the hanging orf
a train and was the coolest man in t
crowd. lHe made a speech on the ga
lows, warning young colored men'
a'aist drinking whiskey and carrying