Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BRYAN ON TRUSTS. The Plainest and Strongest Pre sentation of Facts Ever Made. cOOME REMEDiESSUGGESTED Trusts Can Be Annihilated if the People so Decree. Nebraskan Given Ova tion by Chicagoans. The conference on trusts which ut t in Chicago closed is sessions on Satur day, September 1, in a blaze of ora tory, in which Col. W. .J. Bryan an: W. Bourke Cochran were the central figures. Mr. Bryan was introduced by Gov. Stantley of Kansas, who acted a, chairman of the opening session. Wild applause greeted the Nebraskan. W\. Bourke Cockran listened intently and joined frequently in the app'ause. Mr. Bryan spoke-in part as follows: "Within two years mere trusts have been organized than in the previous history of the country, and the people now come face to face with this ques tion: Is the trust a blessing or a curse? If a "urse what remedy can be applied t the curse? ,. "Monopoly in private hands is inde fensibl from any standpoint and in tolerable I do not divide monopolies. There can be no good monopoly in pri vate hands until the Almighty sends us angels to preside over us. "There may be a dep )t who is bet ter than another desp.,t but there is no good despotism. The defence of the monopoly is always placed on the ground that if you will allow people to control the market and fix .Le price they will be good to the peopie who purchase of them. The entire defense of the trusts rests upon a money argu ment. If the trusts will sell an article fora dollar less than the article will cost under other conditions, then in the opinion of some that proves a trust to be a good thing. In the first place I deny that under a monopoly the price will be reduced. In the second place. if under a monopoly the price is re duced, the objections to a monopoly from other standpoints far outweig3 the financial advantage that the trust would bring. But I protest against set tling every question on the dollar argu ment. "In the early years of Lincoln's ad ministration he sent a message to congress warning his countrymen against the approach of monarchy. Ile said he saw in the attempt to put capital even upon an equal footing with labor in the structure of govern ment, the approach of monarchy. Lin coln was right. Whenever you put capital upon an equal footing with labor, or above labor in the structure of government, you are on the road to aid a government that rests not on reason but on force. "Nothing is more important than that we shall, in the beginning rightly understand the relation between money and man. "Man is the creature of God and money is the servant of man and I protest against all theories that en throne money and debase mankind. "If you will go about over the coun try you will see where people have subscribed money to establish enter prises, and where those enterprises, having come under the control of the trusts, have been closed up and stand now as silent monuments to the Sodom of the trust system. In any case of local strikes and fires the work goes on elsewhere, thus preventing serious loss. "When a branch of industry is found in the hands of one of the great mo nopolies so that every skilled man must go to the one man for employ ment, the one man fixes the wages as he pleases and laboring men will then share the suffering of the men who sells the raw material. "I want to warn you that when the monopoly has absolute control, brains will be at a discount. We have not yet had a taste of a complete trust. But when the trust has rid itself of all competitors what is going to be the re sult? Ny friends, all you have to know is human nature. God made man selfish. "On the farm we used to prrec-t property from the hogs by ru' b rings in their noses. W ia? '> t hat while they were getting fat, they v. uid not destroy more than they were v.ith. "One of the great purposes of gov ernment is to put rings in the noses of hogs. If I were going to try to find the root of the monopoly evil I would go back to the Bible for an explana tion, and I would find it in the decla tion that the love of money is the root of all evil. "Falling prices, caused by a rising dollar, and the high tariff, have con tributed the desire to secure the fruits of monopoly. "Some have suggested that to put everything on the free list that trusrs make, would destroy trusts. But I do not believe that you could destroy all trusts by putting all trust-made ar ticles on the free list, because if an article can be produced in this country as cheaply as it can be produced abroad, then the trust could exist without the benefit of any tariff at all, thougmh it gould not extort so much. We cannot destroy monopoly until we lay the axe at the root of the tree, and make mono poly impossible by law. "Discrimination by railroads has aid ed trusts. That can be remedied by laws which will place producers on equal footing. But the remedy must be complete enough to prevent the or ganization of a monopoly. We differ' more in remedy than we do in out opinion of the trust. Few people willI defend the trust as a principle. As to the remedy both State and nation should have concurrent remedies. In the first place every State has or should have the right to create any private cor poration which is conducive to the wel fare of the people of that State. I be lieve that we can safely entrust to the people of a State the settlement of a question which concerns them. if they create a corporation and it becomes de structive of their best interests they can destroy that corporation and we can safely trust them both to create and so annihilate if conditions make anni hilation necessary. "In the second place the State has or should have the right to prohibit any foreign corporation from doing business in the State and it oucht to have or has the right to in pose such restrictions and limitations as the ieo ple of the State may think necessary upon any foreign corporation doing business in the State. I believe in ani addition of State remedy but thecre must be a federal remedy. "Congress has or should have the power to place such restrictions ai:.d imitations, even to the point of pro ibiton, upon any corporation organ aesc out side of the State contrary to eublie cood. Ibelieve that these concurrent rem s w iil reah the diiculty. that the p:, f cvcry S:ate shall first decide whr they vat to create a corpora tx: that they shall. secondly, decide whether they want Cutside corporation to e bust: es in the Sta , and if so, uni wat ' nditions, ana thirdly that cong ress shall exercise the right to place u:'on cver corporation doing business outside of the State in which it is or canized. su 'h liaiutations and restric tions t may be necessary for the pro teetion of the pubihe good. Cl. Bryan at this point read the famous circular letter advertising the corporation laws of Delaware. Ile eommented sarcastically o: advantages set forth in the letter. A person in the audience iquired: "Delaware acd New Jersey are both Democratie States ,re they not?" To which dlr. Brayan replied: "They were in iP. lie centinued: "I have read this letter to show you that where a State ;au gain an advantage from the in corporation (f these great aggregations of wealth, it is not safe to place the people of other States at the tender mercies of the people of such a State as may desire to secure its running ex penses from the taxation of corporations organized to prey upon the people out side. "I am ready to adopt any method for the annihilation of trusts. One that I suggest is this: That congress should pass a law providing that no e rp ration crganuiz-d in iy State should do business outside of the State in which it is organized until it receiv es from some power ereated-hy congress a license author zing it to do business outside of its own State. Now. if the corporation must come to this body creatt d by congress to secure permission to do business outsid the State, then that license can be granted upon condi tions which will, in the first place, pre vent the watering of stocks; and second, provide for publicity as to all of the transactions and business of the corpo ration. "Jf this is unconstitutional and so declar'd by the supreme court, I am in favor of an amendment to the constitu. tion that will give to congress power to destroy every trust in the country. In my judgment. when you take from mon opoly the power to issue watered stock you will go more than half way toward destroying monopoly in the United ' ates. "You can provide for publicity and that annually or at such other times the corporation shall make returns (f its business or its earnings, and will go another long step toward the destruc tion of the principle of monopoly. "But I am not willing to stop there, and, therefore, as a third condition, I suggest that no license shall be granted until the corporation shows that it had not had a monopoly and is not attempt ing a monopoly of any branch of indus try or any article of merchandise, and then provide that if the law is violated the license can be revoked. I do not believe in the government giving privi leges to be exercised by a corporation without reserving the right to withdraw them when these privileges become hurtful to the people. "M~y contention has been that we have been placing the dollar above the man, that we have been picking out favorites in government; that we have been bestowing upon them special pri vileges, and every advantage we have given thtm have been given them to the detriment of other people. 31y contention is that therc is a vicious principal running through the vatrious policies which we have been pursuing; that in our taxation te have been im posing upon the great struggling masses the burden 'of governna ent, while we have been voting the privileges to the people who do not pay their share of expenses to the government. '"ery unjust tax law is an indirect form of larceny," the speaker asserted. An income tax, he believed would rem edy another great evil. "I have no fear that any man by his own brain or V. is own muscle will be able to see-:re a fortune so great as to be a metnee to the welfare of his fellow man. "WXhen God made man he placed a limit to his existence, so that if he was a bad man he could not do harm long. but when we made our man-made man (the corporation) we raised the limit of his age. "We did iot give him a soul, and if1 he can avoid punishmient in this world be need not worry about the hereafter. TI want to protest against this doctrine that the trust is a natural outgrowth of natural laws. It is not true. The trust is the natural outgrowth of unnat nral conditions created by man-made1 !aws. "Government under the four great principles of the declaration of indepen kece is impossible under an industrial mrstocracy. "Some people have tried to separate the laboring man who works in the fac tory from the laboring man who works1 >n the farm. I want to warn the labor ing men in the factories that they can 2ot seiarnte themiselves from those who1 :oil on thec f arm without inviting their >wn dlestrue' i >n. I warn the laboring :uen in the factories that when they join with the monopolies to crush the1 armer, as soon as the farmer is crushed3 ~he laboring man will be crushed, and< bis ally will he destroyed. and in a test >f endurance the farmer will stand it longer than the laboring man. The larmer was the first man on the scene xhen civilization began, and he will be :he last one to disappear. You may1 Irive the farmer down, so he cannot buy coal, but he can burn corn, Buti rou drive the coal miner down so he: annot buy cora and he cannot eat< ~oal.1 "B at, my friends, why shmuld we try: :o see who could hold out the longest1 n suffering? Why try to see who can n ure the most hardships and yet live?< Why not try to see who can contribute nest to the greatness and to the gloryi ad to the prosperity of this nation? Why. those who can contribute most< ;hould miake this zovernment what the athers intended for it. For 100 years this nation has been the light of the world. For lu'u.x cars the best of all nations have looked tthis nation for 1 or hope and instruction. Let us set-t :le these great questions that we havet before us, let us teach the world thei 'jlessing of a government that comes< romi the people and let us show them bow happy and how prosperous people 'an be. I believe in the doctrine that 1 3od madec all men of the same dust and2 jid not make some to crawl on hands ind knees and others to ride upon their< 'jacks. Let up show what can be done< shen we tnt into actual practic3 thosei ~reat doctrines of human equality andi f equal riights and make this govern ment what tie fathers intended, so that1 we. shall lead the world step by step on, ~o hiener around." F'acing~ a sea of widly waving arms tad a stor:u of chteers the orator resum ud s seat. Three quarters of the audience had been attractcd by, the announcement of proportion left when he had finished. The afternoon session opened with adresses by Attorney General T. S. Smith of Texas and James B. Dill, who had a hand in the framing of the New Jersey trust law. A general discussion followed, which resulted in both Bryan and Bourke Cockran taking the plat form. W. D. Foulke of Indiana made a short speech, in which he declared that he failed to see that the remedies proposed by Col. Bryan in the latter's speech, during the morning session, could result in the attainment of the object sought for. Col. Bryan who was sitting in the back part of the hall, arose, and, amid cheering, started to reply. Before he had uttered a dozen words, however, cries of "take the platform" came from all parts of the hall, and with a smile he did so. "I would not occupy the time again but for the fact that the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Foulke)has referred to a plan which I suggested, and I am afraid that he does not fuily. under stand. My plan was this: "First, That the State should have the right to create whatever private corporations the people of the State think best. 'Second, That the State has, or should have, the right to impose such restrictions las congress may think necessary upon any corporation which does business outside of the State in which it is organized. Ia other words, I would preserve to the people of the State all the rights they now have and at the same time have congress exercise a concurrent remedy to supplement the State remedy. I would not take away from the people of the State any right now existing, but I would have the fed eral government and the State govern ment exercise the powers that may be necessary to annihilate the monopoly. I do not agree with the gentleman that you cannot annihilate a monopoly. (Applause ) I believe it is possible to do so. "I have no doubt that any rc medv that is proposed will be assaulted. If those who believe that the trust must reman and those who believe that the trust means good will accept the best remedy they can find, try it and then accept a better one, if a better one is proposed, and keep on trying until the people are protected. (Applause). "Now I am not sure the remedy I propose is unconstitutional. I am not sure that the constitution would pro hibit such an act of congress as I rn - gest. Suppose congress should that whenever a corporation wanted do business outside of the State it must apply to and receive from so e body created by congress for the pur pose a license to do business. Supp )e the law should provide free comn is sions upon which the license should be issued: "First, that the evidence shill show that there is no water in the stock. "Second, that the evidence should show that this corporation has not in the past and is not attempting now to monopolize any branch of industry or a branch of any article of merchandise, and "Third, providing for that publicity which everybody has spoken of and about which everybody agrees. Sup pose that is done. Who is here to say that such a law would be unconstitu tional? "But suppose the law is passed and is held unconstitutional, then we can amend the constitution. The gentle man suggests that it is a diffcult thing to get two-thirds of both houses to favor amendment and three-fourths of the State. It is true, it is a diffi cnlt thing, but if the people want to destroy the trusts you can get two thirds of both houses and thre-fourths of the States. But what is the alterna tive? Sit down and do nothing? Al low them to trample upon you and ride rough shod over you and then thank God that you still have some life left? s that the only remedy? "The American people are entitled to the best that there is. (Applause.) Ihey are entitled to the best system on avery subject. I believe when these luestions are presented to the Ameri an people they will select and secure :he best system. I don't believe it ne :essary for us to sit dlown quietly and permit a great aggregation of wealth to trangle every competitor. I don't be ieve that is in accordance with our lignity as a people, or in accordance with the rights of the people to say >ecause a great corporation is organized hat therefore it should be permit ted to ~o into the field of a new corporation, indersell it until it bankrupts it, rais ng the money by higher prices some where else. I don't think it is neces iry for us to do that. I have only uggested a plan. It may not be the est plan. If you have anything bet er, propose it. If there is any amend ent that you can think of that will mprove it, suggest it. I am anxious to recept anything. "Let me suggest one other thing that [believe~.will be a step in the right di -ection. The great trouble has been hat while our platforms den-vmee cor 2orations, corporations control the ~lections and place under obligation to hem the men who are electeci to en ~orce the law. (A pplause.) Let me ropose a remedy-not a remedy, but a top, I think in the right direction. Let he laws, State and national, make it a >enal offense for any corporation to entribute to the campaign fund of any ~olitical party. (Continued cheers and pplause ) Nebraska has such a law, assed two years ago. Tennessee has uch a law, passed two years ago. Such law was passed, or was introduced, in he State of New York, but so far it 1as not reached the stage of actual law n the State of New York. (Laughter.) ow, I belicye it is a step in the right lirection. You remember the testimony aken before a senate committee a few cars ago when the head of the sugar rust testified that the sugar trust nade it its business to contribute to ~ampaign funds, and when asked to hich one it contributed, replied that t depended upon circumstances. To which fund do you contribute in Massa ~husetts?" was asked. To the Repub can fund.' 'To which fund in New ~ork ?" 'To the Democratic fund.' 'To vhich fund in New Jersey?" and the an says, 'Well, I have to look to the >ooks; that is a doubtful State.' (Con iued laughter and applause.) Now, hat is almost a literal reproduction nf he testimony of one great enryeat.,u m the subject of campaign contrib -j ions. I don't mean to say th at that -emedy will be a complete one: but I yeeve that wheai you prevent a corpo ation from contributing to campaign 'unds that you take a step in the right lirection toward better legislation, be ~ause some corporations arc compelled o contribute; they are blackmailed nto contributions, and such a law vould protect a corporation that did iot want to contribute, and also pre rent a corporation from contributing hat did want to contribute. "If the people are in earnest they can o it. and you never could do anything n this country until the people are in ~arnest. When the American people un rrstand what the monopoly question neans I believe that there will be na power, political, financial or otherwise, to prevent the people from taking pos session of every branch of government from president to the supreme court, and making a government responsible to the people's will." (Cheers), At the conclusion of Col. Bryan's address, Bourke Cockran arose and started to speak from his seat, but, in response to cheering and calls to take the platform, he did so. Mr. Cockran agreed with much that Mr. Bryan had said. "If there be a monopoly that oppresses," he continued, "I blieve there is no constitutional limitation, there is no provision of government, there is no power on earth against the people redressing the wrong when it bc comes a wrong." The question was whether such a wrong exists and, if se, where. He contended that much of the opposition to the trusts was idle and meaningless noise. Times were good and there was little to complain about. Competition was to be urged, some one must succeed, and no limitations could be put upon it. As well attempt to limit the com petition in intellect as in the industries, and Mr. Bryan himself was a good il lustration of the fact that competition could lot suppress intellect. Hence he urged that much of the evil of monopo lies was fanciful. "If we realize for the moment that this is an age of im provement; that the conditions of men are growing better and better we ought to hesitate a while before we change and take the side may be for one of fanciful experiments." Mr. Cockran spoke earnestly in sup port of trade unions, predicting that the time would come when employers would urge such unions in order to af ford facilities for discussiou of perplex ing problers in labor. He contended that no monopoly could charge undue prices and live without governmei.t favor, as competi tion was certain to sp iing us. There was no way to make permanent mon opoly except by excellence of service. He urged fall publicity regarding the operations of all corporation. With a law to that end passed he believed strikes would soon become impossible. He also believed that citizens injured by the collapse of any corporation should have compensation for dam ages sustained. le closed with a pro test against Mr. Bryan's declaration that the creation of wealth was sordid, saying that upon the wealth of the country the production of every thing t"ellectual and moral depends. Great cheering greeted the conclusion A Mr. Cockran's speech. General dis cussion was then resumed. Er-Sena tor Blair of New Hampshire and Wm. Wirt Howe of New Orleans read short papers. Soon afterward, on motion of Congressman John W. Gaines of Ten nessee, the conference passed a vote of thanks to the Civic Federatio 2 for the courtesy shown the visiting delegat s. A motion to adjourn sine die was then passed. THE PRICE OF COTTON. What the Southern Cotton Mills Think of It. A dispatch from Philadelphia says about twenty-five representatives of the Southern Cotton Spinners association from North and South Carolina are now in that city. The delegation is headed by President J. H. McAden and Secre tary G. B. Hiss, Charlotte, N. C. The visitors came to see the National Er port exposition. They will while in Philadelphia, it is said, discuss ques tions which may result in temporarily shutting down a large number cf mills in the south. This on account of the an ticipated irncrease in the cost of cotton. The present price of material such as the mills in the association use is 6 1-4 cents per pound. It is expected that in 60 days the price will be raised to 7 1-2 cents. The question whether or not it would be advisable to take orders at the present prices or refuse them is accordingly the principal subject of dis cussion with the commission men here and among the members of the associa--' tion themselves. Secrctary Hiss said Friday night that the present prices are ei:ir k' too lo and unless an advance is made it will be impossible to fillorders at the antic ipated rise in the price of the raw mc-I rerial. As a matter of fact, he thought it would be better to shut down than to tun the mills at a loss. Should there be a general shut down it might affect 150 mills in the south. Thirst for Red Juice. Ediior A.4ugusta Chr'onicle: You will kindly publish the following challenge in your widely read and valuable journal, and oblige y ours truly, John Bogey. To Major Count Esterhazy, London, England. Sir: Not knowing whether you are responsible for the conviction of Drey fus or not, and not particularly caring, I. Col. John Bogey, a native of this great and free and glorious republic, wishir.g for a little free advertising and desirous of making as big a fool of my self as possible, ao hereby challenge you to a watcrmelon eating contest, to t-o-ie off in my watermelon patch in the wi&, wide world, the quest ion at in~ue ti aj i-ied by. the~ fellow who can benevoleutly assimilate the most melons. I further take occasion to state that I shall not attend the Paris exposition. Respectfnily. John Bogey. P. S. I wasn't going to the exposi tion anyway, but now I an not going more than ever. J. B. Bookkeeper Outz Suspended. At the State dispensary another up bheaval seems to be impending. For some days Mcssrs. Haselden and Rob inson of the State board, a committee appointed for the purpose at the con clusion of the recent investigation, have been hard at work investigating the state of affairs in conncetion~ with the contraband room. What these gen lemen have found is not yet known, but their work is not yet done. It is known that they have obtained some muaterial for a report that will be very interesting. Friday Chairman Miles of the board arrived in the city. While it is not known exactly upon what he acted it is understood that he hp-'i some things as to the work ot the con woittee, and last evne he iauel ai rder my~ ed uldi! the next meet icr ' .-- h'r i N". utiz, the book k - per of the commissione~r. Inquiries made of the committeemen elicit the informnation that Chairman Miles acted in this matter without any recommen dation or suggestion from them. The ommitteemen say that they propose to make a thorough investigation of the matters entrusted to their hands, and will make a full report of everything when the board meets the first week in Jctobr.-The State. Built His Coffin. In Maryland there is a nman who has uilt a coffin for hims~lf, aad he lies own in it for a short time each day and smokes. ie says lie is "getting used" to the coffin. Maybe he smokes in it ecause he expects to smoke hereafter lso, and is getting used to that at the same time. ABSLUTEEYlI Makes the food more dk ROYAL SA3CmO PO1 THE MINT EARNINGS UNCLE SAM MAKES A TIDY PROFIT BY COINING MONEY. The Gross Earnings of the Mints and Assay Offices of the Country Last Year Were $4,495,000 of Which $173,614 Was for Refining Bullion. It is supposed generally that the United States Mint and the Government assay offices and refineries are main tained for the public convenience and that the Mint, like other branches or departments of the extensive Treasu:. service, is run pro bono publico, the Government making up by appropria tions the shortage of each year. The recent public report of the Director of the Mint shows that Uncle Sam has a thrifty interest in the operations of the Mint and its branches and makes a tidy profit from their operation each year. Last year the gross earnings of the mints and assay offices of the coun try-there are mints in Philadelphia, San Francisco, Carson City and New Orleans, assay offices at Denver, Boise, Helena, Charlotte, St. Louis. Deadwood and New York-were $4,495,000, of which $173,614 was for parting and re fining buillion, $10,046 for copper alloy, and $15,321 for melting, assaying and stamping charges. The seigniorage on the coinage of silver was $3,073,958, on subsidiary silver coinage $256,311, on minor coinage $1,031,000 and on the re :oinage of minor coins $18,3S3. The value of the deposit in melting room grains and "sweeps" removed was $8, 726; the value of the surplus bullion returned was $53,024, and the gain on bullion shipped by the minor assay of aces to the Mint for coinage there was X6,675. The expenditures of the Mint service, Including wastage, loss on sale of sweeps, and expense of distributing minor coins, was $1,263,133. The net earnings for the year were $3,432,664. Some of the items of-expense (the chief )f which is, of course, salaries and wages) illustrate the curiously compli :ated work of minting, which requires not only knowledge of chemistry and metallurgy, but considerable exactness :n the use of materials and in the adap tation of dies and designs. For acids used in the mints and assay offices $27,400 was expended by the Govern ment last year; for chemicals, $4,700; ror wood, $6,675; for copper, $9,600; for rebrick, $1,300, and for zinc, $2,766. For gloves and gauntlets required by the mint workers $8,100 was needed; for gas, an aid to metallurgy, $14,700; for charcoal, $3,740; for oil, $1,100; for hardware, $1,400, and for crucibles and mechanical appliances, $5,400. Varied as these items are, they do not exhaust the number of things re quired in the Mint, for $2,000 was ex pended in lumber, $1,400 in ice, $500 for salt used in the refineries, and a small charge for flags needed as designs. Apart from gas, the fuel needed for mint and assay offices was of three kind-charcoal at an expense of $3, 700, coke at an expense of $7,500, and :oal at a~n expense of $17,000. One Item, which to the uninitiated seems large, Is the item of sewing, $3,425. This sewing is required for the bags con taining the metal or coins, In addition :o $563 for han- els and $350 for bullion boxes. Uncle Sam in his liberality made no appropriation for soap, it would appear, but the expense of laundering the tow ls (presumably "It was given out") was $3,000, and $2,200 additional was paid for water. The item of wastage, so-called, arising from work at the Mint, and which is not a large one when compared with the enormous op erations of the Mint, was $16,000, and some other minor items brought up the aovernment's whole expense in the year to $1,250,000, or about 25 per cent. af the total receipts, the profit being represented by the other 75 per cent. First Suspension Bridge. The first suspension bridge that can be dignified by that name was thrown across the Im-jin River in Korea In 1592. Here again dire necessity dictat ed the terms. The Japanese in P'yeng-yang, learning of the defeat of the army of reinforcement, determined to withdraw. China had begun to be stir herself In favor of Korea, and the Iapanese, driven from P'yeng-yang by the combined Chinese and Korean ar mies, hastened southward toward Seoul. When the pursuers arrived at the Im Jin River, the Chinese General refused to cross and continue the pursuit unless the Koreans would build a bridge suffi iently large and strong to Insure the passage of his 120,000 men In safety. The Koreans were famishing for re venge upon the Japanese, and would be stopped by no obstacle that human ingenuity could surmount. Sending parties of men in all directions, they :ollected enormous quantities of chik, a tough fibrous vine that often attains length of 100 yards. From this eight huge hawsers were woven. Attaching them to trees or heavy timbers let Into ithe ground, the bridge builders carried the other ends across the stream by boats and anchor ed them there In the same way. Of :ourse the hawsers dragged in the wa ter in mid-stream, but the Koreans were equal to the occasion. Stout aken bars were inserted between the strands in mid-stream, and then the hawsers were twisted until the torsion brought them a good ten feet above the surface. Brush-wood was then piled on the eight parallel hawsers, and upon the brushwood clay and gravel were laid. When the roadbed had been packed1 down firmly and the bridge had been tested, the Chinese could no longer re fuse to advance; and so upon this first suspension bridge, 150 yards long, that army of 120,000 Chinamen, with all their Korean allies, camp, equipage and impediments, crossed in safety. This bridge, like the tortoise boat, having served its purpose, was left to fall of its own weight--Harper's Magazine. In capturing gulls the sea lion dis plays no little skill and cunning. When in pursuit of a gull It dives deeply un ler water and swims some distance from where it disappeared, then, rising :autiously, it exposes the tip of its nose along the surface, at the same time giving it a rotary motion. The un wary bird on the wing, seeing the ob ject near by, alights to catch It, while the sea lion at the same moment set tes beneath the waves, and at one ound with extended jaws seizes its screaming prey and instantly devours lt.-Scienltific American. Tired of Hanna. it will be somewhat of a surprise to Mr. Hanna to learn that the people generally arc vcry tired of his methodls. very tired of the creatures around him. extremely tired of the senator himself, There is an overwhelming disposition to eliminate Ilannaismn with all that the terms implics. The lRepublicans theme selves are weary of the 1:ass-virate 'hey want to got hack to the system of decent leadiership. They want to get rid of "comimercialism"-that monster evil that builds up fortune for men like Hanna and Cox at the expense of the public and at the sacrifice of parry pri n eiple-Oincinna Enqnirer. UP~RE licious and wholesome TFE WEATHER AND CROPS. Weekly Review of United Statet Weather Bureau for this State. The following is the weekly bulletin of the condition of the weather and crops of the State issued Wednesday by Director Bauer of the South Carolina section of the United States weather bureau's climate and crop service: The week ending Monday, September 1S, 1899, averaged slightly cooler than usual, although the temperature de partures were small. A maximumx temperature of 92 degrees occurred at St. Matthews and Yemassee, and a minimum of 55 at Greenville and Spen cer. There were light to heavy showers on the 10th and 11th over the western and northern portions of the State, af ter which the week was dry and cool, affording ideal weather for gathering crops, artd for preparing lands and sowing rye, oats and wheat. The in dications are that a larger acreage than usual of wheat -il be planted this fall. The heavy rains were of great benefit to growing crops. and only slightly dam agin~g to open cotton and to bottom land curn. Cotton continues to open rapidly. and faster than it can be picked, al though the weather was extremely fa vorable. Fully half of the crop has been picked, and in many places un operned boils are scarce. The yields are light except in sections, notably Hampton county, where there is the largest yield in years. Late cotton continues to grow, bloom and fruit; nevertheless there will be a top crop in spots only. A slight improvement is reported in sea island cotton, which is opening rather slowly. Late corn continues to grow nicely, and unless there comes an early frost, will be a fairly good crop. Foider pulling is about finished over tne western coun tiesr- and it has been saved in excellent condition. Early rice harvest is about finished, with a good yield of fine quality. Late rice is ripening and being cut and stack ed. There is some improvement to. be noted in upland rice. Peas, turnips, sugar cane and sweet potatoes have made great improvement, and with fe a exceptions are now very promising. Fall truck is about all planted, but there is need of rain to germinate the seeds and to support the young plants. Haying is under way, with generally good yields of both grass and pea vines. TRAINS IN COLLISION. Accident in Which Four Een Are Killed, Two Being Cremated. A passenger train, northbound on St. Louis and San Francisco railroad, col' lided with a freight train 15 miles southeast of Kansas City Wednesday morning. Four people were killed and four others injured. All the dead and injured were trainmen. Fireman Rider was buried beneath the baggage mail car and burned to death, the car and its contents of mail and baggege being entirely consumed. Another man, probably a tramp. vwas also cremated. The trains met ata sharp curve. The frieght was inn at a high rate of speed, bound on reachv ing Swore Park to wait for the passen ger. Freight Conductor Brownell's watch was 13 minutes slow as it devel oped later. The engineer of the pas senger train saw the other train only two or three seconds before the crash. Neither crew had time to jump. The rear cars of the passenger train telescoped the postal and baggage car. Fire at once broke out and the combi nation car was destroyed. Both engines were completely wreekcd and several cars of cattle and hogs demolished and the live stock killed. The cars on the passenger train back of the combina tion car did not leave the track and the passengers suffered nothing more serious than a severe slhaking up. It was only after tne fire in the forward car had been quenched that it was known that two men had been burned to death. 85,000 a Day. President Diaz, of MIexico, will make his trip to Chicago in palatial style. Besides having been granted twenty days leave of absence in order that he may attend Chicago's festival, he has been awarded $100,000 out of the na tional treasury to meet expenses inci dent to the journey. Friendship to the United Sta:es is strikingly shown in this action, following so closely ur'O, the unanimous voting of leave of ab sence. Wednesday the representatives passcd the bill appropriating $100,000 for the trip. It was hurried over to the senate and approvt d as quickly. There was not a word of dissent in either branch of national assemblh. When it is figured that President Diaz is thus authorizcd to make expenditures at 'he rate of d5,000) a day some slight idea of the splendor in which he is to travel mcy be gained. An Artistic ramaure. "Never!" said the stern-faced father to the fair-faced daughter, who stood before him in an attitude of petition. "You have brought me the surprise and disappointmaent of my life. Marry a Smith! I say most emphatically and decidedly, rno: That is final, my child. We trace beck beyond the flood and through a roy.al line. We were among the first to visit the shores of this new world and among the earliest settlers of Detroit. Have you no pride; no proper sense of your importance? Has it come to a poict where I must exer cise paternal authority in such a mat ter?" "'Oh, I guess the Smith family is as old as it is numer-ous," for the girl has a clash of American independence. "No indian maiden ever saved any of our family in the early histor-y of the coun ty, that I can discover, and if you make it an issue, I'll undertake to show that the Smiths have all the best of Now the old gentleman's face was red, and his eyes were snapping. It has been his way to cow his family by dramatic action, and in this case lhe wanted to throw in a little of the melo dramatic. To do this he must be upon his feet, and have room. He sprung forward with the air of a tragedian. but he was in one of those narrow chairs with a frayed cane bottom and stiff arms. The chair clung to him as he leaped and he looked too ridiculous for words. HeI swore violently. The daughter screamed with laughter. His supreme dramatic effort was a howling farce, and he collapsed. "Smitla" is on the cars Turn on the Light' I Information comes from several sources that President McKinley stopped the Grand Army, in national incampment in Philadelphia, from adopting some tart resolutions criticis ing the administration of the pension office by Commissioner Evans. The president is quoted as having said to the committee intrusted with an investiga tion of this department that he would not remove the commissioner, and that if requested by the Grand Army to make such dismissal he would feel. called upon to explain to the country why he insisted upon retaining the commissioner. If the president has any knowledge that any prevous com missioners maladmuiistered their office, working injury to applicants, to the service or to the people at large, it is his m.nifest duty to bring them to ac- n count.-Detroit Free Press. Will Honor Dewey. A full regiment will go from South Carolina to New York for the Dewey celebration. Assistant Adjutant Gen eral Frost will be in command of regi ment. Companies from the lower ti counrty of regiment will be under com mand of Major Henry Schacte of Char leston. and Colonel J. C. Boyd will P have troops up the country. WHEN YOU COME A TO TOWN CALL AT WELLS' SHAVING SALOON Which is fitted up with an J cye to the comfort of his customers. . . . . HAIR-CUTTING IN ALL STYLES, SHAVING AND SHAMPOOING Done with neatness and dispatch. . . . . .. A cordial invitation is extended. . . J. L. WELLS. 3 To Consumers of Lager Beer ' The Germania Brewing Company, of Charleston, S. C., have made arrangements with the South Carolina State authorities by which they are enabled to fill orders from consumers for shipments of beer in any quantity at the following prices: Pints, patent stopper, 60c. per dozen. Four dozen pints in crate, $2.80 per crate. 6 Eighth-keg, $1.25. Quarter-keg, $2.25. Half-barrel, $4.50. Exports, pints, ten dozen in barrel, $9. It will be necessary for consumers or parties ordering,to state that the beer is for " private consumption. We offer special rates for these shipments. This beer is guaranteed pure, made of the choicest hops and malt, and is recommended by the medical fraternity. Send to us for a trial order. Brewing Comuany, Charleston, S. C. The Kind You Have Always Boi in use for over 30) years, has CV~~~~(AIow no All Counterfeits, Imitations an< periments that trifle wiith an< Infants and Children-Experit What is C? Castoria is a substitute for Cas and Soothing Syrups. It is H: contains neither Opium, Mori substance. Its age is its guar and allays Feverishness. It el Colic. It relieves Teething Tr and Flatulency. It assimilate Stomach and Bowels, giving 1 The Children's Panacea-The CENUINE CAST Bears the Si Thle Kid You fla In Use For Ovt ?nZ Crt41vU con 77 hIU"" TUE CAROINA Gill THOXAS WILS COMMISSION i3 19 East Bay - VWm. E. Holh 209 Easi --DEALERS Paints, Oils, Glass,sVamnish Tar Paper and U1 Headquarters for the Celebrated Pal rMl -ad Engine Oils and Greases. THE lSan of Manning, MANNING, 8. 0. Transacts a general banking busi ass. Prompt and special attention given depositors residing out of town. A Deposits solicited. All collections have prompt atten on. Business hours from 9 a. m. to 2 M. JOSEPH SPROTT, LEVI, Cashier. President. BOARD OF DIRECTOBS. Livr, J. W. MCLEOD E. Baow, S. M. NEXSEN, )SEPH SpraoTT, A. LEVI. eo,SHacker& Son 'MANUFACTURERS OF i 1 ME Doors, Sash, Blinds, loulding and Building Material, CHARLESTON, S. C. ash Weights and Cords and Builders' Hardware. indow and Fancy Glass a Specialty n Jn a iti rioIe Is BOOK ON PAT eSE ight, and which has been borne the signature of een made uder his per ervision since its infancy. ne to Oceive you in this. L Substitutes are but Ex 1 endanger the health of ne against Experiment. ~STOR IA r Oil, Paregoric, Drops Lrmless and Pleasant. It. shine nor other Narcotic tntee. It destroyS Worms res Diarrho~a and Wind oubles, cures Constipatiotr. the Food, regulates the Lealthy and natural sleep. 3lother's Friend. RIA ALWAYS ntue of Alway8 Bo011lit r 30 Years. IRY COMPANY, DN, Presiclent [ERCHANTS. - Charleston, S. C es & Co., a~ay. cOlM, s- C., andBrushes, Lanterns, Hildng Paper. -++to B,..m of Cvlinder, Planing