Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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CAPITAL AND LABUK Rev. Dr. Talmage Discusses the Industrial Problem. SOME LESSONS DRAWN From Strikes in Various Parts of the Country. A Truce Be tween Labor and Capita!. Each Needs the Other. In this disc urD Dr. Talunaw sug gests how the everlasting war between capital and lab'r may he brouz:t to a happy end. The text is. I Corinthians xii, 21, "The eye cannot say unto the hand, I have n,, need of thee. Fifty thousand workmen in Chicago ceasing work in one day, lrooklyn stunned by the attempt to halt its rail road cars, Cleveland in the throes of a labor agitation and restlessness among toilers all over the land have caused an epidemic of strikes, and somewhat te better things I apply the Pauline thought of my text. You have seen an elaborate piece of machinery, with a thousand wheels and a thousand pulleys, all controlled by one great water wheel. the mac.hin ery so adjusted that when you jar one part of it you jar all parts of it. Wll, human society is a great piece of me chanism controllcd by one great and ever revolving force--the wheel of G od s providence. You harm one part of the machinery of society and you harim all parts. All professions interdependent. All trades interdependent. All classes of people interdependent. Capital and labor interdependent. No such thing as independence. Dives cannot kick Lazarus without hurting his own foot. They who threw Shadrach into the fur nace got their own bodies scorched. Or to come back to the figure of the text. what a strange thing it would be if the eye should say: I oversee the entire physical mechanism. I despise the other members of the body. If there is anything I am disgusted with, it is with those miserable, low lived hands. Or what if the hand skould say: I am the boss workman of the whole physical economy. I have no respect for the other members of the body. If there is anything I despise, it is the eye seated under the dome of the forehead doing nothing but look. I come in, and I wave the flag of truce between these two contestants. and I say, "The eye cannot say to the hand, 'I have no need of thee.' That brings me to the first sugges tion, and that is, that labor and capital are to be brought to -a better under standing by a complete canvass of the whole subject. They will be brought to peace when they find that they are identical in their interests. When one goes down, both go down. When one rises, they both rise. There will be an equilibrium after awhile. There never has been an exception to the rule. That which is good for one class of so ciety and that which is bad for one class of society will eventually and in time be bad for all. Every speech that labor makes against capital postpones the day of perraanent adjustment. Every speech that eapital makes against labor postpones the day of permanent adjustment. When capital maligns la bor, itis the eye curaing the hand. When labor maligns capital, it is the hand cursing t.he eye. As far as I have ob served, the vast majority of capitalists are successful laborers. If the cap'tal ists would draw their gh ;.;, you would see the broken finger nail, the scar of an old blister, the stiffened finger joint. The great publishers of the country for the most part were booktinders or type setters on small pay. The gzeat car riage manufacturers for the most part sandpapered wagon bodies in wheel wright shops. 'While, on the other hand, in all our lge manufacturing establishments you wi' find men on wages who once em ployed 100 or 500 hands. The distance between capital and labor is not a great gulf over which is swung a Niagara suts pension bridge. It is only a step. and -the capitalists are crossing over to be come laborers, and the laborers are crossing over to become capitalists. Would God they might shake hands while they cross. Again, there is to come relief to the laboring classes of this country through cooperative associations. 1 am not at this moment speaking of trades unions, but of that plan by which laborers put their surplus together and become tlhir own capitalists. Instead of being de pendent upon the beck of this capital ist or that capitalist they manage their own affairs. In England and Wales there are 813 co-operative associations. They have 340,000 members. They have a capitol of $18,000,000, or what corresponds to our dollars, and they do a b~usiness annually of $63,000,000. 'Thomas Brassey, one of the foremost men in the British parliament, on the subject says: "Co-operation is the one and the only relief for the laboring pop ulations. This is the path," he says. "by which they are to come up from the hand to the mouth style of living to reap the rewards and the honors of our advanced civilization." Lord Dlerby and John Stuart Mill, who gave half' their lives to the study of the labor qudestion, believed in co-operative insti tutione. The co-operative in stitut ion formed in Troy, N. Y., stood long enough to illustrate the fact that great good might come of such an institution if it were rightly carried on and might ily developed. "But," says some one, "haven't these institution sometimes been a fail ure?" Yes. Every great movement has been a failure at some time. Ap plication of the steam power a failure, electro telegraphy a failure, railroading a failure, but now the chief successes of the world. "But," says some one, "why talk of surplus being put by laborers into c-o operative associations, when the vast multitude of toilers of this country are struggling for their daily bread and have no surplus?" I reply: Put into my hand the money spent by the labor ing classes of America for rum and to bacco, and I will establish co-operative associations in all parts of this land, some of them mightier than any finan cial institutions of the country. We spend in this country over $100.000, 000 every year for tobacci., We spend over $1,500,000,000 directly or indi :ectly for rum. The laboring classes spend their share of this money. Now. suppose the laboring man who has been expending his money in those directions should just add up how much he has ex pended during these past few years and then suppose that that money was put into a co-operative association and then suppose he should have all his friends in toil, who had made the same kind of expenditure, do the same thing. and that should be added up and put into a co-operative association. And then take all that money expended for over dress and overstyle and overliving on theyc may, appear as well qs wean ho have mOre income-- gather th't all :p, and Co could have co-operative associ ation all over this bad. I 1m not sayin.- anvthingz now about trades unions. You want to know what I think of trades unions. 1 think they are most beneficial in some directions, and they have a specific object and in this day, when there are vast monopo li-s-a thousand monopolies concentra tin' the wealth of the people into the ')o-eSSion f a few men, unless the Ia .orin- men (,f this country and all coun tI s band together they vill go under. There is a lawful use of a trade union, but then there is an unlawful use of a trade uion. If it means sympathy in eof sikness. If it means finding wor k for people when they are out of work, if it means the improvement of the financial. the moral or the religious condition of the laboring classes. that is al' right. Do not artists band togeth C in an art union? D not singers band together in Handel and Haydn so Ietie-? Do not newspaper men band to:et'er in p-ess clubs * Do not minis ter- of relizion band together in con ferences and associations? There is not in all the land a city where clergy men do not eacm together, many of them once a week, to talk over affairs. For these reasons you should not blame labor iuilds. When they are doing their lecitimate work, they are most ad mirable. but when they come around with drum and fife and tiag and drive people off from their toil, from their seaffoldings. from their factories, then they are nihilistic, then they arc com muoistie, then they are barbaric, then they are a curse. If a man wants to stop work, let him stop work. but he cannot stop me from work. BIut now suppose that all the laboxing classes banded together for beneficient purposes in co-operative association un der whatever name they put theirmeans together. Suppose they take the money that they waste in rum and tobacco and use it for the elevation of their famil ies. for the education of their children for their moral, intellectual and relig ious improvement, what a different state of things we would have in this country and they would have in Great Britain. Do you not realize the fact that men work better without stimulant? You say, Will you deny the laboring men this help which they get from strong drink, borne down as they are with many anxieties and exhausting work?" I would deny them nothing that is good for them. I would deny them storng drink, if I had the power, because it 's damaging to them. My father said: 1" became a temperance man in early life because I found that in the harvest field, while I was naturally weaker than the other men, I could hold out longer than any of them. They took stimu lant and I tooK none." Everybody knows they cannot endure great fatigue-men who indulge in stim ulants. All our young men understand that. When they are preparing for the regatta or the ball club or the athletic wrestling, they abstain frem strong drink. Now, suppose all this money that is wasted were gathered together and put into co-operative institutions -oh, wi- would have a very different state of things from what we have now! I remark again: The laboring classes of this country are to find great relief when they learn, all of them learn, fore cast and Providence. Vast numbers of them put down their income, and they put down their expenses, and if the in come meets the expenses that is all that is necessary. I know laboring men wvho are in a perfect fidget until they have spent their last dollar. They fly around everywhere until they get it spent. A case came under my observation where a young man was receiving $700 a year and earned it by very hard work. The marriage day came. The bride had re ceived $300 as an inheritance from her grandfather. She put the $500 in wed ding equipment. Then the twain hired two rooms on the third story. Then this man, who had most arduous em ployment, just as much as he could possibly endure, got evening employ ment so he could earn a few dollars more, and by this extra evening em ployment aluuout extinguished his eye sight. Wny did he take this extra evenirg employment? Was it to lay by something for a rainy day? No. Was it to get a life insurance so that if he shou.d die his wife would not be a pauper? No. It was for the one purpose of getting his wife a $150 sealskin sack. 1 am~ just giving you a fact I know. The sister of this woman, although she wa.- a very poor girl, was not to be eclipsed, and so she wenit to work day and night and toiled and toiled and toiled almost into the grave until she got a $130 sealskin sack! Well, the news went abroad all through the street. Most of the people on that street were laboring hardworking people, and they were not to be outshone in this way, and they all went to work in the same direction and practically said, though not literally. "Though the heavens fall, we must have a sealskin sack!' A clergyman in Iowa told me that his church and the entire neighborhood had been ruined by the fact that the people mortgaged their farms in ordered to go down'to the Philadelphia centennial in 187i;. First, one family would go, then another family, and finally it was not respectable no, to go to the centennial at Philadelphia, and they mortgaged their farms. The church and the neighborhood ruined in that way. Now, between such fools and pauperism there is only a very short step. In time of peace prepare for war. In time of pros perity prepare for adversity. Yet how many there are who drive on the verge of the precipice and at the least touch of acidet or sickness over they go. Ah, my friends, it is not right, it is not honest' lie that provideth not for his own, and especially those of his own houehold, is worse than an infidel. A man has no right to live in luxury and have all comforts and all brightness around him, taking his family with him at that rate-everything bright and beautiful and luxurious, until he stum bles against a tombstone and falls in and they all go~ to the poorhouse. That is not commnon honesty. I am no ad vocate of skinflint saving. I abhor it. But I pleadJ for Christian providence. There are some people who are dis gusted if'they see anything like econo my. such as a man might show in turn ine down the gas in the parlor when he oes out. There are families actually embarrassed if you ring their doorbell before they have t he hall lighted. There are people who apologize if you surprise them at the table. Now, is it mean or it is magnificent to save just accoring to what you save for. If it is fo the miiserly hoarding of it, then it is ~epcable. but if it means better educa tion for vouir children, if it means or house help for your wife when heis not strong enough to do much wok, if i: means that the day of your death shal not be a horror beyond all enura nce because it is to throw your famly ito disrup'tion and annihilation Iand poorhouse, then it is magifiicent if t. it divid all that. Some of the old:- persuns remaember very well Abraham Van Nest of New He was often called mcan because he calculated so closely. Why did he calculate so closely. That lie might have the more to give. There was not a Bible society, or a tract society, or a reformatory institutton ia the city of New York but he had a hand in sup porting it. He denied himself many luxuries that he might give to others the necessities. le has been many years reaping his reward in heaven, but 1 shall never forget the day when I, a green country lad, came to his house and spent the evening, and at the close of the evening, as I was departing, he accompanied me to the steps, can* down ciT the steps and said: "Here, lieWitt, is $40 for books. Don't say anything about it.- It is mean or it is niaincent to save. according as you save for a good or for a bad object. I know there are many people who have much to say against savings banks and life insurances. I have to tell you that the vast majority of the home steads in this country has been the re sult of such institutions, and I have to tell you also that the vast majority of the homesteads of the future for the laboring classes will be the result of such institutions. It will be a great day for the working classes of England and the United S:ates when the work ingman can buy a barrel of flour instead of flour by the small sack, when he can buy a barrel of sugar instead of sugar by the pound, when he can pay cash for costs and hats and shoes rather than pay an additional amoant for the rea son that he has to get it all charged. Again I remark, great relief is to come for the laborir.g classes of this country by appreciation on the part of employers that they had better take their employees into their confidence. I can see very easily, looking from my standpoint, what is the matter. Em ployes, seeing the employer in seeming prosperity, do not know all the straits, all the hardships. all the losses, all the annoyances. They look at him and they think. *-Why, be has it easy, and we have it hard.- They do not krow that at that very moment the em ployer is at the last point of desperation to meet his engagements. I know a gentleman very well who nas over a thousand hands in his em ploy. I said to him some years ago when there was grcat trouble in the la bor -market. "How are you getting on with your men?" "Oh!" he said, "4I have no trouble." "Why," I said, "have not you had any strikes?" "Ob, no," he said, "I never had any trou ble." "What plan do you pursuc' He said: "I will tell you. All my i know every year just how matters sta Ji Every little while I call them toget! er and say: 'Now, boys, last year I in. e so much; this year Imade less; so 3u see I cannot pay you as much as I did last year. Now. I want to know what you think I ought to have as a percent age out of this establishment and what wages I ought to give you. You know I put all my energy in this business, put all my fortune in it and risked everything. What do you really think I ought to have ;.nd you ought to have? By the time we come out of that con sultation we are unanimous. There never has been an exception. When we prosper, we all prosper together; when we suffer, we all suffer together, and my men would die for me." Now, let all employers be frank with their employees. Take them into your confi denca. Let them know just how mat ters stand. There is an immense amount of common sense in the world. It is always safe to appeal to it. I remark, again, great relief will::ome to the laboring classes ,of this country through the religious rectification of it. Labor is honored and rewarded in pro portion as a community is Christianiz ed. Why is it that our smallest . coin in this country is a penny, while in China it takes a half dozen pieces of coin or a dozen to make one of our pen nies in value, so the Chinese carry the cash, as they call it, like a string of beads around the neck? We never want to pay less than a penny for any thing in this country. They must pay that which is worth only the sixth part or the twelfth part of a penny. Heath enism and iniquity and infidelity do' press everything. The gospel of Jesus Christ elevates everythiang. h ow do I account for this? I account for it with the plainest philosophy. The religion of Jesus Christ is a democratic religion. It tells the employer that he is a broth er to all the operatives in the establish ment-made by the same God, to lie in the same dust and to be saved by the same supreme mercy. It does not make the slightest difference how much money you have, you cannot buy your ,Tay into the kingdom of heaven. If you have the grace of God in your heart you will enter heaven. So you see it is a democratic religion. Saturate our population with this gospel, and labor will be respectful, labor will be reward ed, labor will be honored, capital will be Christian in all its behavior, and there will be higher tides of thrift set in. Let me say a word to all capitalists: Be your own executors. Make invest ments for eternity. iDo not be like some of those capitalists I know who walk around among their employers with a supercilious air or drive u;> to the factory in a manner which seems to indicate they are the autocrat of the universe, with the sun and moon in their vest pockets, chiefly anxious when they go among laboring men not to be touched by the greasy or smirch' ed hand and have their broadcloth in jured. Be Christian employer. Re member th' se who are under your charge are bone of your bone and flesh of your flesh, that Jesus Christ died for them and that they are immortal. Divide up your estates, or portions of them, for the relief of the world before you leave it. Do not go out of the world like that man who died in New York leaving in his will $40,000,000, yet giving how much for the church of God how much for the alleviation of human suffering? Hie gave some mon ey a little while before he died. That was well, but in all this will of' $40, 000,000 how much? One million? No. Five hundred thousand? No. One hundred dollars? No. Two cents? No. One cent? No. These great cities groaning in anguish. nations crying out for the bread of everlasting life. A man in a will giving $40,000,000 and not 1 cent to God! It is a disgrace to our civiliza tion. OJr, as illustrated in a letter which I have concerning a man wei departed this life leaving bet veen $.>, 000000 and SS,000,I00(. Not one dollar was left, this writer ,ays, to comfort the aged workmen and work women, not $1 to elevate and instruct the hundre,1s .of pdIe children who stifled thei:- childish are wth in the heat and clamor of hisi factory. Is it strange that the curse of' the children of toil follows such ingratitude? How well could one of his many millions have been dispursed for the prcsent and the future benefit of those whose hands had woven literally the fabric of the dead man's princely fortune. O crpitalists of the United States. be your own executors: Be a Geore Peabody, if needbe, on a small scale. God has made you a steward.rDis charge your responsibility. My word is to all laboring mn in this country: i congratulate y(ou at your brightcuirg prospects. I con gratulate you on the fact that you are getting your representatives at Albany, at Hlarrisburg and at Washington. I have only to mention such a man of the past as Henry Wilson, the shoe maker: as Andrew Johnson, the tailor: as Abraham Lincoln, the boatman. The living illustrations easily occur to you. This will go on until you will have representatives at al the head quarters, and you will have full justice. Mark that. I congratulate you also at the opportunitics for your children. I congratulate you that you have to work and that when you a- dead your children will have to work. I congratulate you also on your op portunities of information. Plato paid -1.'00 for two books. Jerome ruined himself financially by buying one volanie of "Origen." What Tast opportunities for intelligence for you and your children! A workingman goes along by the show window of some great publishing house, and he sees a book that costs 5. He sayr: "I wish I could have that information. I wish I could raise S5 for that costly and beautiful book." A few months pass on, and lie gets the value of that book for 25 cents in a pamphlet. There never was such a day for the workingmen of America as this day and the day that is coming. [ also congratulate you because your work is only prefatory and introducto ry. You want the grace of Jesus Christ. the Carpenter of Nazareth. He toiled himself, and he knows how to sympathize with all who toil. Get his grace in your heart, and you can sing on the scaffolding amid the storm, in the shop shoving the plane, in the mine plunging the crowbar, on ship board climbing the ratlines. He will make the drops of sweat on your brow glittering pearls for the eternal coronet. Are you tired? lie will rest you. Are you sick? He will give you help. Are you cold? He will wrap you in the mantle of his love. Who are they before the throne? "Sir," you say, -their hands were never calloused with toil!" Yes, they were. You say, "Their feet were never blistered with the long jonrney." I es, they were, but Christ raised them to that high eminence. Who are these? "These are they that came out of great tribula tion and hdd their robes washed and made white in the blood of the Lamb." That for every. Christian workingman Ud for every Christian working woman will be the beginning of eternal holi day. THE CROPS AND WEATHER. What the Department of Airriculture Says About Them. The week ending Aug. 14, 1899, gave acontinuation of the excessively hot weather that has prevailed almost without cessation since the opening of the crop season. The weekly mean temperature was about 5 degrees above the normal. Thunderstorms occurred on the 8th, 10th and 11th, quite generally over the State with, however, localities that had no rain in insufficient amounts, while generally there was enough, and in Col leton and Edgefield counties excessive rains occurred. In the latter county, at Poverty Hill, nearly nine inches f ell during two showers, flooding bottom lands, and damaging crops thereon. Hig winds and hail also did some damage by blowing down corn, and beat ing down other field crops. Army worms continue to destroy young corn and grass, and were report ed from more counties than last week, but their number is apparently decreas ing. Horn worms on tobacco have spread over three counties and are very troublesome. Early cotton is opeoing over the en tire State, and picking has begun in lo calities. There is somewhat less shed ding than last week, but rust is spread ing. The bottom crop is a heavy one, the middle crop 'very poor having been shed, while the new growth is putting on a top crop in places. As a whole, its present condition cannot be ,aid to be promising, nor yet extremely poor, both conditions prevailing according to locality. Sea island cotton shedding some, still blighting, is well fruited and beginning to open. There is general improvement in corn that has not reached maturity, with a few reports of exceeding fire crops, but the coutrary is the rule. Fodder pull ing is well under way and being finished in southeastern counties. A fair yield of fodder has been saved. Tobacco cutting and curing is about finished in the eastern districts. The quality of the crop has been further injured in places by excessive heat and worms. In the western districts cut ting has only begun. Rice is heading and some is ripening while harvesting has begun on a small scale. Many report upland rice very poor. Sugar cane, sorghum, peas and pinders doing well generally. Turnips being sown and lands prepared for fall truck crops. Plunged Among The Sharks. A magazine writer, in describing a rcent trip at sea, says an interesting oc-rrence on the ocean trip was when a Lascar sailor volunteered to show how sharks were killed in his country. Several were following in the wake of the ship at the time, and the Lascar selectedl the largest for the exhibition. Divesting himself of his already scant apparel he armed himself with a knife. which he carried between his teeth and made a deep dive. We did not see him for fully two minutes, and just when we thought something was wrong, a great commotion occurred among the sharks, and slowly one turned over on his back, the water, meanwhile, be coming a deep red. The Lasear had swum unider water and used his dirk wth deadly effect. So quiet had been his approach that the other fishes had failed to notice him, and when they did they were frightened oti by the splashing made by their wounded brother. A Northern Argument. The brilliart 'Tiof the2 Tongue' m'ar in the Newv York Press, says: "liis can the south hold out for ilver? The price of cotton went up 0 points in ten days. That is equiva lent to $2 a bale. The crop last year was 11,000,000 bales. A t $2 a bale the value of the crop is increased $22.000, 00. Every pound of cotton is sold for old. It is worth its weight in gold. It is gold! What fools these farmers be" The price of cotton, on the gambling exchanges, goes up and down, daily ad it is a little Joker. The bulk ofi the crop was sold long ago by the south ern producers at very low figures. A1 few men made money by the late da-! ance. It is no consolation to the southern planters that their cotton sells for four or five cents a pound in gold. They arc not as much fooled as you A NOVEL WILL How the Southern States Can Mak Two Billion Dollars. Mr. T. J. Eady. of Atlanta. seud: the Journal the following unique will: "Being of sound mind and disposinc memory (I know my mind is sound fol I have lately had it examined) I, T. J. Eady, will and bequeath to the ten cot ton States over one hundred million dol lars each year for the next twenty year! o0:t of the good reserve of the Englisi government, and I appoint the ten gover nors of said States as executors and ad nministrators to execute and carry out as hereinafter set forth for the benefit ol the said States and the people thereo for school purposes, etc. "First, let each of the ten governors of these States appoint three commis sioners to represent them, and these thirty commissioners meet and formu late this plan which will make all the people happy. Let each State pay the farmer seven sents per pound for all the middling cotton raised. Let each State sell this coton at nine cents per pound and by this arrangement they make ten dollars per bale profit. Now, sup pose they make ten million bales and they cannot sell over nire million bales, then there is 10 per cent to be destroy ed. Suppose Georgia raises one mil lion bales and she is called on to de stroy ten per cent; she would burn up one hundred thousand bales which would cost her three and a half million dollars. While on her million bales she would have made ten dollars per bale or ten million dolla.s, so she would still have left over six million dollars profit to run her schools and State govern ment. By this arrangement the whole business is in the hands of thirty com missioners, and the other twenty-seven commissioners will see that Georgia de stroys her part. So everybody would be benefitted, for the farmer knows he will get seven etnts and is happy. The merchant, banker and manufacturer will be pleased, for it takes the specula tion out of their business. The factory knows years ahead what his cotton is going to cost and can make contracts ahead for his goods, farmer's credit will be better for the merchant and banker will know what be is going to get for his cotton. This is the only way the matter can be handled, for thirty men can regulate tI e price while millions of farmers cannot do so. "Second, I will give my executors and administrators a few pointers and suggestions and they can furnish the rest. Some one might ask how do we know we could get nine cents? Eng land has cried for our cotton at $1.00 per pound. Why not want it now for ten cents. England can go out of the cotton market two weeks in November, and by doing so can take off live dollars per bale or $50,000,000 off the cotton crop as it is now. Now England names the price and takes the cotton; the other way the States name the price and England takes the cotton. But some one might say a trust! We do not trust them, but England's gold would come after this cotton, and she would have to send more than one hundred million dollars of it to this country than she did last year for the same amount or cotton. "You ask, how can we pay for this cotton? All cotton delivered to the State or their agents before January 1st pay them seven cents per pound be tween January and May, seven and one-quarter and after May seven and one-half cents. The States would sell the same way, so all this cotton would not be put on the market at once, and factories would suit their wants in buy ing. Each State would issue cotton certificates to pay for this cotton in five ten and twenty dollar certificates and the banks, merchants and farmers would help carry it. Certificates would pass and be as good as gold, for the States would have cotton behind each one of them that call for England's gold and at our price. By this arrangement they say iarmers would make too much cot ton. Put a special tax on all corn bought by the farmer of-say, twenty five cents per bushel, like on his mules so if he bought three hundred bushels of corn he paid $75-00 taxes to the State. which would pay for burning up two bales of his cotton. You say it would cost money to handle this business. Georgia would get. difference between five cents and nine cents on one million bales which would be $20,000,030 more to come into the State and would re main here, for her farmers would get ten million of it and the State the other ten millions. Suppo-e the States had to destroy twenty per cent or two mil lion bales- Georgia would still have three million to run her government, for the school term could be increased to ten months in the year, which would take one-third of the hands out of the cot ton fields. But say it only toook ne-fifth of them, that would decrease the crop twenty pa.r cent or two million bales, so there would be no surplus to burn up. The difference between five cents and nine cents is $20.00 yer bale, which would be $200,000,000 a year; in live years the South would have one bill ion dollars, enough to build factories to spin every bale of cotton raised in the t. in States. To make the farmers delive - the cotten to the States and not sell to outsiders, have every bale tagged like guano and have the tags sold for ten doars each, but the States put the tags on the cotton they buy The cotton exported would bring into the United States over one hundred million more gd, so the whole country would be benefitted and made richer. "This is the only way the cotton can be handled to advantage for all the people. "A company of two hundred million doilars could be raised in thirty days to carry out this plan if it could be controlled by private parties, but they cannot do it, but the States can, by working together, do this, and then have laws enacted to meet and carry it out. If this is done then the South will assert its power and show to all ntinqs the garden spot of the world. S, 1, this day, transfer this estate into the hands of my executors and admin istrators and ask them in the name of humanity to make their people rich and happy. It is with you, will you serve? "Witness my hand and seal, this 24th day of July, 1899. Atlanta. Ga. "(Seal.) T. J. Eady.' We hope our farmers will get good prices for their cotton this year. It will help amazingly all round. ELm Makesm the food morae MUST BE ENFORCED. Violationls of the Dispensary Not to be Tolerated. Go,. McSweeney has written the fol lowir letter to each sheriff and magis trate in the State, asking for coopera tion in the proper enforceeut of the dispensary law. Dear Sir: It should not be necessary to call the attention of officers to the importance of enforcing any law. It should be the purpose of every law of ficer to do his duty. It is the plain and sworn duty of every officer com missioned by the State to uphold the constitution and the laws of the State. It is no more the duty of the governor than it is of every other officer of the State to see that the law is properly enforced and administered. In the per formance of this duty the law officers should have the support, encourage ment, endorsement, and aid of every good and law abiding citizen. Those oflicers, whose duty it is to en force and administer the law, have no business to q-estion the wisdom of the law making power in placing any law upon the statute books. Their business is to see that the law is enforced, so long as it remains on the statute books. As governor it shall be my constant purpose to see that the law is admi.Lis tered and enforced wisely and judi ciously and in this purpose I seek the aid of every officer and of every citi zen of the State. So far as I am able there shall be no discrimination in fa vor of any law. There seems. however, to have pre vailed in this State since the adoption of the dispensary law a sentiment that it was an exception. and inasmuch as certain State constables have been pro vided for with a view to its better en forcement, therefore, other law officers were not charged with the apprehen sion and prosecution of violations of this law. This is a mistaken view, as I understand it, and I shall expect ev ery magistrate and constable and sher iff and every other officer to aid in the enforcement of the dispensary law just as he would the statute against bur glary or murder. And not only so but I call i:pon every good citizen to frown down the violation of the dispensary law just as he would the violation of the law against stealing or murder and to aid the officers in bringing to jus tice those who violate it The consta bles are simply to aid ia its enforce ment. We may differ as to the wis dom of the law, but that should make no difference when it comes to the pros ecution of violators of it. I feel that if properly enforced it is the best solution of the liquor question that has yet been devised, and I desire to have the aid of all officers and citizens in an honest and earne effort to enforce it wisely and judiciously. I have reduced the constabulary force and hope to be able to reduce it still further, but this reduction can only be made and remain permanent by the cooperation and aid of the law officers of the State in enforcing the dispen sary law as other laws are enforced. This communication is addressed es peciaily to magistrates and constables and sheriffs upon whom I call to aid me in the ecforcement of the law. If I have evidence that any magistrate or constable is winking at the viola tion of the dispensary law and is not making proper efforts to bring to jus tice those who violate it I shall at once ask for his resignation. I hope this will not be necessary. I firmly believe that if the law is wisely and judiciously administered and violators of it are promptly apprehend ed and punished through the proper le gal channels provided for the trial of criminals that a healthy public senti ment will prevail in its favor, and vio lators of the law will be looked upon as other criminals, and there will be no more reason to have special officers to enforce it than it is to have special officers to enforce the law against steal ing. However, let it be remembered that this law must be enforced, and those who violate it must be brought to tzial and punished. If this cannot be done threugh the established and ordi nary legal channels, then extraordinary means must be used. As far as my pow er and ability go it shall be my pur pose to see that all laws are wisely, judiciously, and rigidly enforced. To this end let every officer and every good citizen of South Carolina lend his encouragement and aid. M. B. McSweeney, Governor. NOT BEDS OF ROSES. American Prisoners of Filipinos Suffer ing Cruel Hardships. The San Francisco Bnlletin publish es a startling story from the Philippines regarding Lieut. (ilmore and the party from Yorktown who vwere cap tured by the Filipinos and who have been reported from official sources as being well eared for and well treated. It appears that when the Americans reached San Isidro, where the York town members and some soldiers any civilians had been imprisoned, then found the names of the prisoners scratched on the walls of the jail. Somec letters from the men were found secreted under stones, and a Spaniard. who had been instructed with several, presented them to Gen. Lawton. The letters told of the hardships the men were compelled to suffer, and begged that aid be sent them. The men com: plained that they had been starved, beaten and bound, and, moreover were in rags. One of the letters signed by lbert Lowcnsohn, said the Span, iards had been treated very badly worse than the Americans, and that hundreds were dying of dysentery and other diseases and that the govern ment took no notice of sickness pre vailing. In his lett~r, Lowensohn, who was formerly of the steamship Zealandia, gave the list of prisoners held by the Filipinos as follows: Prisoners from Yorktown-J. G. Gilmore. U. S. N.; W. Wilson, C. 0. M.: P. Vandovil, S. M. M.: E. Ells worth, coxswain; S. Edwards, S. D. S.; S. Brisoloz. 0. G.; A. Pearson, appren tice; F, Anderson, landsman. captured at Baler April 11th; A. 1). Brice, E. I Ionneman; Nevada cavalry, captured Jan uary 3i th: A. Bishop, Thirn artill ery, April 12th; H. HI. Haber, iaospital :orps. and J. O'Brien, civilian, January 27th. The weather continues very warm and appressive. llicious and wholesome 00tROPS AVegetablePrepartibiforAs similatiig theToodandRegula ting the tomachsand.Bowelsof Promotes'Diesfion,CheerfuI nessandRest.ontains neither Opum,Morphine nor Imineral. NOT NARCOTIC. derjazs p Roadk&Sd& Adre Seed AperfectRernedy forConstipa tion, SourStomach,Diarroea, Worms,ConvulsionsFeverish ness andLosS OF SLEEP. TacSimile'sigrature of NEW YORK. ZXACT COPY OF WRAPFB, THE CAROLIN GI THOMIAS WIL COMMISSION 195 East Bay - A WV Vol14 Bo Li to Ravi Wm. E. Ho 209 J]la -DEAiLE Paints, Oils, Glass, Varnis Ta Paper anid Headquarters for thre Celebrated Mill and Engine Oils and Greases. He Was Not Dead A u.onith azo a letter from Mani'a canaiue d e es that Ejiji Rhine-. hart of Majsville, Indiana, a soiir in the re~ul-tr army, had baea1 captured anid Vrte~'d to deat~h by Filipinos. T1l-i in Rhbinehart appeared in that city aflve and well. He was just return iog home from the West, and had not heard the story of his a!!eged death. He bad not beca in the Pnilippines at all, having becn discharged for disabili ty before his regime nt sailed. H is par ents, who badl not heard from him for months, were mourning him as dead. How It Is Done. A live grasshoppar will cat a deal. grasshopper." says the New York Tri bune "A Mis~ouri farmer mixed Paris Green and bran together and let a grasshopper eat it. Hie died. T wen ty ate him up They died. Four hun dred ate those twenty and they died. Eight thousand ate those 400 and they died. A hundred and sixty thousaud ate those eight thousand, and they died. and th a ftrmar was troub!ed n> , r. An Unknown Dead. Thie decomposed body .>f an unknown mran was found near Tucker, Ga , Thurs day, partly eaten by dogs and buzz irds. The identity can not be discovered but a pisto!. lyintr by the side, had1 the nam or f John D iekerna~ elgravedl upon it. The cause of dea-.h is thought to be suricide. Spanging Fleet Wrecked. Thre ree~nt West Indian hurricane visited the island of Andros. of the laaa gronp, inflicting great damage ro property andU completely wr-tekina the sponging fleet. It is saidl that 150) bedies we-re wajshed asbore. Ceo.S.HacKe & Soo MW .FAtCTtUR F.tS OF DorS s, Bln s MoudinanBildn Material, CH ALESON, . C Sas Wegt-n od and Buider' H rdwre Windo adFnylasaSiai~ Poors, Sashmde, Blins,orpoo ouledeaingto and advildin MOKO ateTSi * I 2C.ALSNW&S. CASTORIA For Infants and Chidren., rhe Kind You Have Always Bought Bears the Signature of 'The Kind You Have 1Iways Bought. ASTORIA THE CEN4TAuX COMAPANY. NEW YR IY LOCERY COMPANY, SON, President. MERCHANTS. - -Charleston, S. C. 7011 Wlitis I ftl. O Imes & Co.\ at Bayr. Tocr, S. c., RS IN -- h and Brutes, Lanterns. Building Paper. Pamuetto Brand of Cylinder, Planing Bank( of Manning, MANNINC, S. C. Trausats a general bnaiieg b~usi ness. Prompt and specil attenion give ni to) depositors residing out of town i. Deposits solicited. All collections have prompt atten tion. Business bours from 9 a. mO. to 2 p. In. JOSEPH SPItO P1', A. LEVI, (Cashier. Pre'sident BOAtRD OF DIRECTolN3'. .M LEVI. .T. W.~ SleLEoD, \\ E. Bitows, S. M. N:XSEN, foSEPH S~iho'r, A. Lxx To Oonsumnss of L.ger Beer: with the Sont bi Iarli.-j:t ,:.1,- :,nthohrine hv 'whi the :.re eh--i --. i :rder F'.nir dozenS pirts in crate, $2 su per1 ez,,te. Tiht h-kt . $1.2~>. Quart.-r-kee. $2 25. Exports, p:it, tei l'zon ini barr--I, $9. It will be nees-ary for consnuweis or parLItie. order:ing. to st..te t ha:t the lieer is for pri vate c'nIn eption. W.- o'ffer sit~i,ela rtes for the-s sinyme~ts. The.s beer is. OlnaIrantre1.1 t. nSade f the choics hors: : i un .d a re tiu n .-rb h OE MA NIA Brewing Company, Ch-arlestonl. S. C. W HEN YOU COME TO TOWN CALL AT SHAVING SALOON Whib is~ fitted up wvith anB eye to the comftort of hisi customers. .. ... Hal U-CUTTIYU IN ALL STYLES, S HAVING AXI) SLIA M POOI NG I ispatch.. .. .. ... J. L W ErTS.