The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, January 11, 1899, Image 1
V ANNING, S. C.. WEDNESDAY ANUARY 11 1899. NO. 25
SOME GOUD ADVICE.
Ex-Gov. MacCcrkle on Our
Agricultural Conditions.
RAiLROADS AND FACTORIES.
Liberal Laws Invite Capital and
Capital is One of the Scuth's
Greatest Needs at
this Time.
Hon. Wm. A. Mac ' orkle ex-'oer:,
or of West Virginia, who mil a
tional reputation for the great wor
which he did in the development o1
West Virginia while ov-rnor. col
tributes to the January nu..ber of th- t
Southern Farm 31agazine of Baltimnor
an unusuallv interesting and
discussion of southern farm conultoan.
and how the agricultural interests f
the south can alone be made- proper
ous.:
Governor MacCorkle says: --Th Fir
mer is not in a good way in the 4,-.
The totals of his labor, tauen as a
whole, are eno-rnous, but the farmer is
not the gainer, and the south doc pot
profit by her enormous yields as the
should. She is another example of t.e
proposition that a country cannot be
come rich and strong through agricul
ture alone. The loom, the reaper and
the anvil must go together. severed.
they but furnish the raw material fer
other and more favorable communities.
Transportation, the faztory and tit
farm under wise and establishcd 'I.vS
can make the south an industrial em
pire and the southern farmer a mights
power in the world's affairs.
Discussing the sit-. tion, he
"We cannot live under such couditioui.
as have existed. The southern prodn
cer must change the mere raising of t:e
staples and seek other products for hi.,
farm. He cannot do this as things
stand with him today, for with a
haul and no close home market, he can
not do otherwise than raise the staples
of heavy' farming. IL needs no argu
ment, but simply the re-expression of
the statement that the glory of the
southern farmer is to come through a
change of methods looking to the diver
sification of his product. How will we
do this? There is one way, and that
is, enlarge our horizon, hberalize our
laws, turn our faces to the east, Nvel
come eastern and northern capital, es
tablish by the side of the waterfall and
in the midst of our cotton fields, en
throne on our iron mines and locate
amidst our magnificent forests, the rail
road and the factory."
Disoussing the farm situation in New
England and the lessons to be drawn
from it by the sbuth. Governor Mae
Corkle states that while in New Eing
land this summer he made a careful in
vestigation of the situation. By rea
son of cheap western land, vast changes
in the economies of travsportauoa.
greater fertility of soil, there was pro
duced in New England some years azo
a tremendous farm depression. Great
numbers of farmers, who' had not been
able to understand the. uhange that was
taking place, abandoned the east and
went west. They did notgrasp the sit
uation, and thought that if ther could
not profitably raise the cereals in com
petition with the west, thexe was no
life for the New England farmer; but
in the last 15' years a marvelous change
has taken place in the agricultural dis
tricts of New England. They have
found out that they cannot compete
with the west in the growing of the
heavier grains, in the rai ing of beef.
hogs and sheep, and wisely tigey have
turned to new fields of agriculture.
The teeming manufacturing tou ns de
mand poultry. eggs, butter-. rt veg
etables and the thousand smiall frunt
that can be profitably grrown adjacent
to a great piopulation. The re-u! is
shown in a few illustrations. In 16M
the beef product of Massachusetts was
$8,8,564; in 1885 it was $718.932 -a
loss of'over $7,000),000. But these ug~
ures, which seemed to indicate a grceat
destruction of the agricultural interes
f Massachusetts, were othset by the in
.rease in milk, to which farm'ers turneti
their attention when they found the
change that was taking place;: and in
185 the value of the milk prouect was
$10,312,762, while in 1865 it was only
$1956,87-a gain of $8,356.575. mak
ing upthelosson beef and havius $1.00 ~o
00. to spare. And last year, or in 18 ,
the milk product was worth S15,000,
000. In 1S97 the value of ti.e 'y t
able product, due alnost aig tlher ~o
the growth of mnanut acturnnz ctaes. vt'
more than $16,000.000Q, v.hue rtrawher
riesand~ cranberries baugh: over 8'2. -
000,000.
Notwithstanding the naturally i'onr
soil of the New Engtland States, the
highest acreage value of farm produ -t
of improved land is founsd i' sa
phausetts. Rhode Island --md New -lersey,
three States in whieh . u are neer o'ut
of the sound oft :he whi--r of i 'e w h
of the factory, while the low~. 'j
farn products per acre o1 imrn v aan
is in the purely agricultura etae
Governor 31accorkle- theenc u -
trates his point with one~ case. m -hie
hundreds could be given, ied 'on
establishment in his ow~n State ofa e
tory employing 400 nmen. in tha eon
munity the result was an aussute
change in the whole agricultural situa
tIf. The boys, instead of going' west,
became operatives in the faictory, a
town grew gy, every class of sma! 'arma
ing gave the best results. at leas~t $l00
a year of farm pr-oducts was~ repurea to
feed the operatives, or 240.0 aI a~ -~
tal. The variety of producs rasd in
cluded eggs, beans. pea,. 'ruit. veet
,ble, melons, small fruits c and an
other articles. One farirn e
.0 clear profit last year i
ocopmore than he m: - n
if as' a wheat and corn' p-iu..'
other turned his attento it0 j- :
and corn to poultry and y.ou hI :
.80 chickens a::d ::1,0 va:c a
truck. He points out ta* t')e:r
these great benefits the southn far
er must unite with legislatixon to attr:
the attention of capaan": an -.
their cooperation in the ou Lm Ia
tories, the development t nne and
the constructionl of railrs~s
And. in eloninug, (;uovrr .-eC rk le
adds: "I spetuk w i l 'u0cu7- "'
may seak an unpalatale trutn 'en t
say that one of the chief oppo0 tini t'
our success as a great maniufaemtrt.
-A di;ersfied farming setion is that,
.*n ' i'e nt H. Xur law have been
tituted I: fcar I.tht r itan the lo e
of cr ila' eniterprises. Let us re
; this barrier bv liberal licvslatien
and invitet r 0 rIwi: and factorie.
in ain ra -d f r:n II. ti re natu r1alI
libt.rali:zin oI z ur I a n w il Iom V!III(,I I
tai mianufactiries and raliladS: wvith
the railroads and mnanufazctor ies will
c hfruition of the 1: ocPes ofthe
,uthit farmer. tI der e r so t k
he* wil" see around hiu t he wvt ing ori.
the u~itng hid- of thle cottoi b!S
isee \with1 t orclhar. t 'laiddei
d del;i t the waili farme':r. The -o -t
Imi t he' ma uf:. is t ill (ai o the
zreen land. and th whirr of the wleeI
II' ::'a*k-aandi deiliht every calley.
he: 1ush of the .tVe Willbiii- to
I t'e c :i.iz i lklince of 01er
uands. ndi amid-t hi- ,wreninial etoPZ
t oathern f!ari:er %k1.1 dwe! in I ap
0i1nss21ctieb i deie:( a::L'. other tiller
If the 5oil.
WHAT Go LZ SAYS.
In a Proclamation He Advises Cubans
What to Do.
General 3axiino Gomez from his
cam1p200 ailes westward near Narciso i
Cuba. has addressed a proclamation to
the Cuban army advising against dis
handing until the proceedings at Wash
Sa g zte re::rding the pay of the insur
gent tro;s have been completed. it
i- dated Decembr 2.. and is in part as
--The amm'nt hais an IcOd to give
publie explaiiation of my conduct and
my purposes. which are always i1 ae,
cord with iy seise of duty to the coun
try I serve. The Americans, tacitly
our allie. have terminated the war with
1pai: and si.;ed a treaty .f peace. I
believed it was -my du.y to amove,-for
y ~ plitical or other object from the
spot where I hadi drawn my sword, so
lonz as the enemies of thOe army had
not' comipletely evacuated the island.
31y pretcave elsewhere would have dis
tarbed the repose and calmness nees
sarv to consolidate pence; nor ought I
to have caase the Cuban trouble by any
unnecessary maiifestations during the
jubilee.
" The period of transition is termin
ated; the army of the enemy is aband
oning the country; the sovereignty of
the great United States is beginning.
as stipulated in the protocol, over al
the island. Uut Cuba is not free or in
depcndent. Self-governmtent is not yet
constituted. For that reason we must
dedicate ourselves to bringing about
the disapoearar.ee of the cause for At
erican itervention.
.But above everything else, in the
spirit of justice to the Cuban army. it is
necessary that before the liberators of
the people can dissolve as a guarantee
of ordier. that the debt which the couin
try owe. to its .iers abould Le sati:
tied. Awaiting this result, I tenmlain in
my present position, always ready to
hel p the Cuban finish the work to which
I have dedicated my life."
Sensation in Havana.
A dis-patch from Hlavana says an af
ternoou paper Wednezday sent a thrill
through the city with a report that a
torture andi execution chamber had
been found at the residence of the
Spanish military governor. adjoining
the palaae. The papers declared that
there the Spanish ottiials questioned
and murdered 60t prisoners. According
to their accounts, the tioor of the cham
ber was covered with dried blood and its
walls was indented with machete
strokes. An excited crowd soon iiath
red o'atside the residence, which was
last occupied by Gen. Parrado. The
reported torture chamber is a room
about S by. S feet. just off the dining
rouiu. As a matter of fact it was prob
ably used as a pantry. Ini the wall
ther is a dirty iron bar, evidently used
to he ng nmeat on, and a piece of di-col
ored rope is suspended from it. 1t is
iuoicivable that Gen. Parrado prac'
!2iced torture nex't to his dining room.
Settlirng Old Scores.
Twio bills were introduced in the
hose of~ the North Carolina legistature
requiring all railroads in the State t<>
operate separate coaches fir wihite and
colored passengers. A bill was intro
ducd in the house to amend the State
con:sttittin to the effect that 'all the
mioeys arising from the taxation
is the polls and the proper
tv of the white race, for public
. chools shall be appropriated to th
sup'ot ot the public schools of the
wite race, an~d all the moneys arisingz
fr 'tetxation of the p)olls and p'r'
irty of the Negro race, for pubic
ch.X . llI be appropriated tii
the supt of the public schi ols ef
he Negro race. T'he school funid is
now'proprtiont 0ed atecording to popula
twin, the Neg'res :tetting as nmuch as
e capi t a the white 'eopile, tho ugh
bey" py onl abou*mt 10 per cent. of the
Sailing of our Bays.
di'-atch frou:. ..aanna t> the Co
in rhe wee the.~~t Senaithb Car
2lin r-:-cimes br)k 'cam oui:;'t liali ave
whee he io'red .e transpo~rt iLou-t
I~ia .\ti no theC itransport il iim
*' -ailed for liabana. Ciaia. The re
'i *en wasl, formedi'tii .20. and the
'arc iCCnediately citeiro f'. V h
in lif ha.u and2 handderebiefs. 'Te
o'ir p'~arted: with their trie'uds ma.-t
re iuitly for imiany of thei m have
ncer been treate better in their le
thain ther have bee byci tihe Savaunia
The men' wer all in the best ofsirt
When they jet 'There were manyil
-dwse uhovt.ee &iu them a
Lee County Busted.
'e county is dead as a do'or iiali.
ng through lariouslea
. he suipreime court finallhy
.L it:r. hl~d~ing that tle act es ab
.: ,. a uurtitutionah. Opiin
a .: .It? 2'y theC chif justice. It
2.h' i enc .- Leec::nty peopt:c. 1.n
ert e: t I!- 2i atur en tingZ
*r yet befhere the Lee county pe'ople
can again vote ou the qiuestioni el the
I stablishment of the county.
TO TILE COTTONTOT.
Old Blunder That Farmers Should
Avoid This Year.
RAISE SUPPLIES AT HOME.
Time Has Arrived to Stop Relying
on a Crop That Sells Below
Cost of Production.
The folowing New Year's address
1as just been issued by the commis
ioner of agriculture of the State of
Gaeoria:
Atlanta. Jan. 1. 1899.
The beginning of the new year is
upo" us and 1 with all its hopes and
di:appitnetts, is a thing of the past.
It will be well for each of us at this
time. before we comience our work for
the year. to take a calm and thoughtful
view of the situation, and then to act as
becone sensible men.
What, then. do we find to be the con
dition of the average Georgia farmer at
this time? Aftei working for months
to make :tud Lather a large cotton crop,
has he any mouey left from its sale? I
say empnhatically no. Those farmers
are fortunate iudeed who have been
able to pay the debts incurred by them
in makiin the last cotton crop, the vast
maj ority havi n unpaid accounts against
them either for guano, meat, corn or
goods of other kinds.
Has the average Georgia farmer a
supply of corn, oats, hay and fodder,
with which to feed his stock of every
kind until he can make another crop?
Has he plenty of home made meat( and
flour and syrup, with which to feed all
hands on his farm for the next 10
months? Are his mules, and horses,
and cattle, and hogs, and sheop in good
order and well cared for, now in the
midst of a cold, long winter? Has he
an abundance of poultry of all kinds,
well housed and well fed? Has he
plenty of good milk and butter from
graded Jersey or Holstein cows? Has
he a rich garden from which he can
daily gather the winter regestable to
add to his bill of fare? To all these
questions I must regretfully answer
nro. And yet I assert positively that
all these a:e .ithin easy reach of every
land owner in Georgia who will throw
off the curse of all cotton growing, and
:turn to the ways of our fathers.
Shall we continue to grow and sell
cotton below the cost of production.(to
the great delight of the balance of man
kind, who care nothing for our suffer
ings), until total ruin overtakes us, or
shall we make a united and determined
effort to raise our own supplies in abun
dance. and thus make our cotton crop
an absolute :urplus? I see no hope for
our farmers ,ave to adopt the latter
plan and stick to it reeardiess of the
price of cotton. Don't delude your.
self with the idea that your neighbors
will diminish their cotton acreage and
therfore you will increase yours in the
hope of getting a good price. There
could be no greater-mistake of judgment
than this, as the selfish farmer so act
ing will find to his cost at the end of
the season
If Georgia mad.e no cotton this year,
the loss would doubtless be made up by
the yearly increased acreage of rich cot
ton lands brought into cultivation west
of the Minissippi river. We had bet
ter prepare ourselves for long period of
low-priced cotton, for the outlook prom
ises nothing else, and being prepared,
we can better endure such a calamity.
For 33 years we have relied on cot
tont alone with which to purchase every
thing else. During that time we have
made not less than 20.000.000 of bales,
worth at a moderate estimate, fully
SS.00.000.0j00. What has become of
this vast 'amount of money, which, if
kpt at home, would have made us one
of the richest States in the Union? It
has all gone to pay the farmers and
maufacturers of the north and east for
supplies of various kinds, every item
of which we could and should have pro
duced within our own borders. Sup
pose we had made only 10,000,000 bales
in the past :33 years, and in addition
had produced all the supplies that we
have bought from other States, is it
not self evident that we would be bet
ter otf by $400.000.000 than we are at
present'? The entire property of the
State. cities included, is now but a lit
tle over 8i400.00.000, and the farmers
of Georgia ought alone to have be.en
ri:her b~y this vast anount, had they
not been deiuded by the all-cotton fal
lay.
Look around you in your different
comunties an!d note the successful
farmers of your acquaintance; invari
ably you will find them to be the men
who ~have diversified their crops and
raised their own supplies. No State or
section, can prosper that relies entire
i on one crop. Kansas tried it with
wheat, until most of her farms were
mortgaged, and she was only saved
from utter ruin, it is said, by the "hen
and the cow." Now, with diversified
farmitg, she is again on the road to
pros pen ty.
I writc as. a farmer to farmers, know
ing and appreciating the difficulties in
he wary, but I believe they can all be
overcomne by a persistent and deter
mied effort in the right direction. I
byv no means advise the abandonment of
cotton culture. for we have no other
money crop upon which wecan with ab
oute certainty depend; but I urge
upor and pl1ead wit h each and every far
mer in the State to plant no seed cot
ton until he has planted such an acre
*icee of each and every other crop that
li 'l grow on his land, that, let the sea
on bie dry or wet, he will be assured of
anudant and varied provision crops.
lu addition to this. let proper atten
to be aen to th~e raising of stock of
of i dparticularly cattle, hogs
n phry. With proper manage
Cfent it is eniier and cheaper to raise a
fififd of ark or a pound of any kind
4f poltry thia it is to raise a pou.d of
cotton, andU yet a pound of pork is worth
as inuch to three times as much as a
outnd of cottoni. Thie papers stated
tht Atlanta alone used 10.000O turkeys
on Th k giving day, and I venture to
.a' thait ninttenths of them came
frnm Tenne and Kentucky. What
a coumtentary on ounr method of farm
A good beginning has been made in
the illht dirlec in the sowing of the
larer: whe . crop probably in the late
hiory of the State. A fair crop of fall
eatn.s has lo en plantd but the acre
age should be doubled or trebled with
out delay. Prepare to plant a good
corn crop, not less than 10 to 12 acres
to the plow; and be sure to either broad
cast field peas in your corn at the last
plowing, or drop them on, or by the
side of the corn rows at the second
plowing. Then prepare not less than
five acres to plow for such crops as
groundpeas, potatoes, sugarcane, mil
let, etc. After that put 10 acres, and
no more, in cotton, regardless of who
may advise you to the contrary. A
crop like this will give you 25 acres to
the plow, and that is enough for north
Georgia, though in middle and south
Georgia, a few more acres might be
cultivated in corn or groundpeas.
Buy as little guano as possible, but
use all the home-maide fertilizers that
3 ou can get together between this and
planting time.
Stop buying hoehandles, axhekves.
hames and other things that you can
and should make at home on rainy
days.
Never go to town with an emapty
wagon, but always carry something to
sell, if only a load of wood.
Buy nothing on credit if you can pos
sibly avoid it. Better suffer sone pri
vations than go in debt.
If we would be independent and pros
perous, we must farm on the lines sug
gested. No other roads will lead us out
of the woods in which we are now al
most hopelessly lost-but if we will fol
low tie course I have endeavored to
blaze out, we will in a short time be a
happy, prosperous and contented peo
ple.
In the laudable effort to become self
sustaining, all must lend a hand. The
merchants and the landlords can great
ly aid in the good work by not insisting
that their customers and tenants shall
plant a large cotton crop in order to get
supplies. This course, hitherto pursued,
has resulted in greatly increasing the
cotton acreage, to the serious injury -I
may even say almost ruin-of all hands
concerned. If they would try the op
posite course, extending aid and credit
only to those who make their food sup
plies, how different and how gratifying
would be the result. I appeal particu
larly to the merchant, who, by their
insistence on a large cotton acreage be
fore credit would be extended, have
practically "killed the goose that laid
the golden egg." Let them "face
about" and refuse credit to their custo
mers who may contemplate planting a
large cotton acreage. If such a course
should be adopted and carried out, it
needs no gift of prophecy to foretell that
a vast amount of property and suffering
would be banished from our State.
I am more than willing to help on this
good cause by every means in my power,
and the greatest reward that the con
duct of this department could offer me
would be the satisfaction of feeling'that
I had aided, even though in a very
small degree, in restoring to the suffer
ing farmers of Georgia, that plenty and
prosperity which they once enjoyed.
0. B. Stevens,
Commissioner.
CRIMAL AGGRESSION.
Bryan Quotes McKinley on the An
nexation Issue.
Col. William Jennings Bryan visited
Springfield, Ill., last Wednesday and in
the evening addressed an immense au
dience in Central music hall. Touch
ing the question of annexation, Mr.
Bryan said: "The party that was will
ing to oppose the gold standard because
it was wrong out to be good enough to
oppose an English colonial system be
cause it is manrong. It is astonish
ing that any man living in this age of
the world in the United States should
uphold the doctrine of securing land by
conquest. Blaine was against it in
890. And a year ago last December
the president of the United States sent
a message to congress, and in that mer
sage he said: 'I speak not of forcible
annexation, because that is not to be
thought of; and under our code of mor
ality that would be criminal aggression.'
My friends, there is a great moral ques
tion involved, declared so by your
president; a code of morality is in
question, and according to that code.
for annexation is criminal aggression.
"I say, give independence to the peo
ple of Cuba, not because we promised
is them, but because they fought for it
and have a right to it whether we prom
ised it or not. Why cannot we apply
the dame principle to the Philippines?
Why should we purchase a title to the
Philippines from Spain? We declared
that Spain did not have any title to
Cuba. When I buy the Filipinos I
want to deal directly with them and I
want to pay more than $2.50 apiece for
them.
Honor Among Thieves
A man arrested in New York the
other day for snatching a pocket-book
from a woman and was identified by
her as the thief. After he had been in
jail for several days another man came
forward and voluntarily confessed that
he had snatched the pocket-book and
placcd it in the pocket of the man who
was arrested when he found himself in
danger of detection. When the second
man was shown the woman she also
identified him as the man who robbed
her. The moral of this story is two
fold. First, there is sometimes "honor
among thieves;" second, it is not al
ways safe to accept the identification of
a prisoner by an excited woman as con
clusive evidence of guilt.
A Hard Fate.
A dispatch from 3Madrid says Colonel
Julson San Martin, who was in com
mand of the Spanish garrison at Ponce,
Puerto Rico. when the United States
troops under Gen. Miies landed in the
island and who abandoned the place
without resistance, has been sentenced
to imprisonment for life, lHe will be
incarcrated at Ceuta, the Spanish
penal colony in Morocco, opposite Gibe
raltar.
A Good Profit.
The Columbia State says that Chair
man T. J. Cunningham, stated Wednes
day that the financial showing of the
penitentiary for the past year would be
excellent, considei-ing the low price of
the markets. A number of improved
ments have been made on grounds and
buidings, and $10,000 will be turnel
into the State treasury, leaving several
thousand dollars upon which to com
THEY WILL FIGHT.
If Our Forces insist on Occupa.
pation of the Cities.
THE CABINET IS SO PLEDGED.
Aguinaldo Has Gone to Iloilo to
Take Command. Warlike
News Via Paris. Fili
pino Terms.
An official telegram received in Par
is by the Filipino junta dated Manila,
Jan. 4, says that Aguinaldo has gone
to Iloilo, at the request of the insur
gents there, to place himself at their
head, with the view of their possible
fighting with the Americans. The dis
patch also gives a list -of the members
of the new Filipino cabinet, with facts
as to their antecedents. The following
have definitely accepted office:
President of the cabinet and minister
of foreign affairs, Nabini.
Minister of the interior, Teodoro
Sandico, a civil engineer, educated in
England and Belgium and taken to
Manil. from Hong Kong by Rear Ad
miral Dewey.
Ministerof finance, Gen. Trimus, a
close ally of Aguinaldo.
Minister of public works, Gregorio
Gonzaga, a lawyer, until recently the
Filipino agent at Hong Kong and for
merly Spanish attorney general in the
Visayas.
The cabinet is described as homogen
ous, every member being pledged, ac
cording to these advices, to resist the
American military occupation of the
Philippines.
A member of the Filipino junta here
explains that Aguinaldo did not run
away, but "left Manila for the moun
tainous region behind Cavite, in order
to make .-ecret arrangements for his
voyage to lU.ilo."
The Filipino who furnishes this in
formation also catgerically and specifi
cally asserts that the latest telegraphic
advices declare that if the Americans
insist upon the occupation of the rrin
cipal cities by.the American troops the
whole of the Filipinos will "resist by
force of arms."
Mabini, it appears, claims recogni
tion of the independence of &he Phili
pine islands and will not co isent to the
release of the Spanish prisoners, but,.it
is added, he is willing to come to an
understanding with the Americans "as
allies," for the surrender of the Span
ish military and civil officials and
others, which will only be made on the
following conditions:
1. The negotiations to be opened for
mally between Spain and the national
Filipino government, Spain nominat.
ing a delegate to treat therewith.
2. An exchange of prisoners and
Spain to repatriate, firstly, all the Fili
pinos held prisoners for having been
directly or indirectly connected with
the insurrection; secondly, all orison
ers of war condemned as traitors, re
volters or deserters, or for having in
any manner seconded the Filipino
movement during the present century,
this surrender to be made before the
Filipipnos release the Spanish prisoners,
and Spain to grant amnesty to all Fili
pinos and Spaniards accused of compli
eity in the insurrection.
3. Spain to defray all the expenses
of repatriating the Filipino prison
ers and also the cost of maintain
ing and repatriating the Spanish pris
oners held by the Filipinos, such pay
ment being considered a war indemnity;
the national Filipino government con
sents to pay the expense of repatriating
those Filipinos captursd in formal ac
tion, although, it is added, "as a mat
ter of fact the Filipinos are also enti
tled to demand the payment thereof by
Spain." Friars taken prisoners, it ia
further asserted, will not be intcluded
in the exchauge, "seeing that they act
as paa agents (luring the war, but
their surreuder would be made on the
condition, firstly, that the apostolic
delegate will ask their liberty in the
pope; secondly, that all bulls and pon
tifical decrees granting special privi
leges to the riigious orders be revoked;
thirdly, that all rites of the secular
clergy be respected; fourthly, that no
friar hold any parish, cathedral, episco
pal or diocesan preferment; fifthly, that
all such prefer nents be held by native
or naturalized Filipino clergy, and
sixthly, that rules for the election of
bishops be fixed."
CONFIRMED FROM HONG KONG.
Leading representatives of the Fili
pino junta iu Hong Kong in the course
of an interview with the correspondent
of The Associated Press Thursday de
clared that the serious crisis in the
Philippines is due to what they desig
nate as "overt, unfair treatment of the
Filipinos by the United States." They
said that despite the known fact that
the whole of the Visayas group was in
possession of the Filipino forces, Gen.
Otis was ordered to take possession of
the entire archipelago and dispatched
troops and warchips 'to the southern
Visayas. The Filipinos, according to
the junta representatives, are determin
ed to prevent the landing of the Amer
ican at iloilo, and may, as a last resort,
destroy the city for strategical purposes
The junta insist that a rupture of the
friendly relations now existing between
"the Filinino national government"
and the Americar4 execaitive is imnmi
nent and that hostilities are probable
inless what they characterize as the
"unreasonable, unfair and overbearing
policy of the Americans"' is modified.
They say the Filipinos "would deeply
regret such a rupture, but would ac
cept it as inevitable." In concluding
the interview the spokesman of the
junta representative said: "The Fili
pinoes appeal to the A merican people to
uphold the rights of mankind and to
avoid bloodshed, assuring the Ameri
cans of our desire to .complete a friend
ly settlement through an impartial
commission of inquiry. The Filipinos
loyally supported the Americans against
the common enemy; and they now look
to the American nation to fulfill the
the promises made to Aguinaldo at
Singapore before he proceeded to assist
Admiral Dewey. All the Filipinos
ask is the truest and best rights of man
kind."
THE NEWS IN MADRU .
The following official dispatch has
been received in Madrid fro u Manila:
"Th insentsi reus to liberate the
prisoners on the demand of the Ameri
cans, laiming ethat this might be con
strued as an act of submission to- the
United States. With regard to libera
ting monks, the insurgents intend to
negotiate with the vatican directly.
Gen. Rios has now opened direct nego
tiations with the insurgents concerning
the prisoners."
DESPERATE ROBBERS.
Six Highwaymen Do Ugly Work in
the City of Chicago.
A Chicago dispatch says sixhighway
men who were endeavoring to make
their escape after having held up the
dry goods store of H. C. T. Boorman,
at 823 Twenty-first Place, engaged in a
shooting affray with Policemen Ed
watd Wallner and John McCauley
Thursday evening and both officers were
wounded, Wallner dying three hours
later in the hospital. McCauley was
shot in the arm and hip, but will re
cover. Wben Wallner and McCauley
were called to the scene of the robbery
they started in pursuit of the men.
The officers drew their revolvers, but
hesitated about firing because of people
on the street. When the six robbers
reached an alley they ran behind a
fence and opened fire on the officern.
Both policemen ran into the street and
returned the shots. Wallner was
wounded at the begining of the encoun
ter and McCauley was left to do battle
with the men alone. After firing more
than a dozen s hots at the officers the
six men turned and ran up the alley,
McCauley following th'em and received
a second wound. He was then forced
to give up the chase and the robbers
escaped. Boorman and his clerk,
Charles Carlson, were alone in the
store when five of the robbers entered
the store, one remaining at the door.
They robbed Boorman of $35 and a
watch and took $5 and a watch from
Carlson. There is no clue to their
identity.
THE LYNCHING LAW.
A Nice Point Argued Before the State
Supreme Court.
The Columbia Record says in the
State Supreme Court at Columbia
Wednesday morning a case of consid
erable interest was argued on appeal
from Orangeburg county. The case is
important from the fact that it has re
ference to the constitutional provision
that the heirs and administrators of a
party lynched may sue the county in
which the lynching occurred. About
a year and a half ago a negro named
Brown was lynched in Orangeburg
county, the charge against him being
that he had burned several barns of
farmers in the county His body was
strung up on the side of the South Car
olina and-Georgia railroad track, expos
ed to the view of passengers and those
who traveled by the dirt road. But
that is neither here nor there. His ad
ministrator, Isaac Brown, brought suit
against the county for $20,000 damages.
Judge Aldrich presided at the court
and he decided that the constitutional
provision applied only to prisoners who
were taken from the custody of legal
offiers and then lynched, but did not
apply to those persons lynched who had
not been in the custody of.offcers. The
attorneys for the administrator then
appealed and the question was argued
before the court Wednesday morning..
Messrs. IRaysor & Summers and Mr. r.
B. McLaughlin represented the negro.
Mr. E. H. Brunson, U. G. Dantzler
and William C. Wolfe represented the
county._________
Will Stop Smallpox.
Gov. Ellerbe received a long letter
Wednesday from Senator Manning of
Sumter, ic reference to the smallpox
<~itn-ition in that county. In it he says
that the Negroes afflicted with ti e dis
ease attend meetings, and that the dis
ease is being spread all over the county.
He says the white people are appalled.
Continuing, he says: "I write, there
fore, to ask that you will give instruc
tions to Dr. Jas. Evans to take such
steps as are necessary to deal with the
emergenciy and save us from the horrors
of such a calamity. If you have not
the available funds, Iam confident that
the legislflture will make provision to
reimburse you for any expenditure that
is absolutely necessary to prevent wide
spread suffering and death to many of
our citizens." Governor Ellerbe has
no emergency fund to meet the situa
tion, but in view of the appeals made
to him he sent the following telegram
to Dr. Evans: "Take full charge of the
smallpox situation in Sumter county.
[ will borrow money to carry on the
work."-Columbia State.
Owned and Run by Negroes.
Last week at Concord, N. C., the
machinery of the only cotton mill in the
world owned and operated by Nogroes
was started. Two years ago Warren C.
Coleman, a well-to-do colored citizen
of Coucurd, began to canvass the State
in the interest of such a factory. How
well he succeeded was shown to-day
when the seven thousand five hundred
spindles began to turn. The mill was
given Coleman's name in well deserved
compiment for he secured subscriptions
aggregating $30,000. White people of
North Carolina are much interested in
the success of the experiment. A mill
in South Carolina employing Negro la
bor failed but the Coleman concern is
organized on a different basis. The
Coleman mill is the 235th cotton mill
in operation in North Carolina. It will
employ 100 persons, half of them adults.
The stock is widely scattered.
Evacution of Havana.
Evacution day at Havana passed off
uietly. At noon on Sun day the Span
ish flags were lowered and the Ameri
an flags were hoisted, each being sa
luted. Sons of Generals Lee and But
ler hoisted two of the flags. The
parade of the American troops was
watched in silence except that General
Lee was much cheered by the Cubans
and that they went frantic with delight
when the men of an Indiana company
drew from under their coats small Cu
ban flags and waved them at the review
ing stand. This whole company was
put under arrest. -The Spaniards gath
ered along the water front dressed in
mourning and watched the derarture
>f the Spanish officers in silence and
CLEVELAND ON IMPERIALISM.
The Sarcasm of the Ex-President on
the Expansion Epidemic.
Ex-President Cleveland in reply to
the request of a representative of the
Associated Press, for an expression on
the question of expansion and annexa
tion, said:" I do not care to repeat
my views concerning the prevailing ep
idemic of imperialism and territorial
expansion. Assuming, however, that
my ideas on the subject are antiquated
and unsuited to these progressive days,
it is a matter of surprise to me that re
fusal of certain natives of our new pos
sessions to acquiesce in the beneficence
of subjecting them to our control and
management should in the least disturb
our expansionists. This phase of the
situation ought not to have been unan
ticipated nor the incidents naturally
growing out of it overlooked. The rem
edy is obvious and simple. The mis
guided inhabitants of our annexed ter
ritoy who prefer something different
from the plan for their control which
we propose or who oppose oi designs
in their behalf should be slaughtered.
The killing of natives has baen a fea
ture of expansion since expansion be
gan and ot r imperialistic enthusiasm
should not be checked by the prospec
tive necessity of destroying a few thou
sand or a few hundred thousand Filipi
nos. This should only be regarded as
one stage in a transcendantly great
movement, a mere incident in its pro
gress. Of course some unprepared
souls would then be lost before we had
the opportunity of Christianizing them,
but surely those of our clergymen who
have done so much to encourage expan
sion could manage that difficultv."
ILLICIT STILLS CAPTURED.
Whiskey Made of the Refuse of Sorg
hum Molasses.
The Columbia State says certain sec
tions of South Carolina' produce an in
toxicating liquor which is obtained
from the refuse of the sorghum cane
after the syrup has been extracted.
This beverage is known as "sueat.'?
The dispensary officials have been
suspicious that illicit stills have been
manufacturing this fiery beverage and
for the past month Chief Constable
assisted by Constables W. R. Crawford.
James Crocker and J. E. Lightfoot,
have been looking for these stills.
Mr. Bahr was in the city yesterday
and reported that they had captured
eight of these stills. He ha'd a sample
of the stuff which was labelled "tus
sick" or "swamp whiskey." It was
white in color and almost pure alcohol,
as could be told from the blaze emitted
when a little oas poured on the fire.
These stills were nearly all located
on the border line between Lexington
and Orangeburg counties. The stills
kept but a small supply of stock on
hand, as not more than 70 gallons were
captured.
The majority of these stills con
tained copper kettles and copper worms,
but some had iron kettles and vessels.
Mr. Bahr destroyed all the stills but
one, which he shipped to the State dis
pensary. The bottle which Mr. Bahr
displayed was corked with a siopper of
swamp root. This is as light as cork
and as resilient as rubber. The enter
prise of these people ir'. trying to utilize
the products of the soil is quite com
mendable, but their .judgment in pre
venting their uses seems to be an error.
Want the Office Abolished.
At the regular monthly meeting of the
State board of control Wednesday it
was, on motion of Mr. Williams, deci
ded that a committee of two be appoint
ed to formulate the recommendations
of the board to the general assembly.
The report is to deal principally with
the purchise of the new dispensary
blding, the handling of beer priv
ileges, and the disposition of the coun
ty boards of control. On motion of
Mr. Cooper, the committee is to con
sist of Messrs. Williams and Hasleden.
The State board has long since been dis
satisfied with the operations of the
county boards, and one of the members
stated Wednesday that the annual re
port would advooate the doing away
with the county boards, which cost the
State about $12,000 a year,and are real
ly of not much service. It is stated
that the State board will probably re
commend that the senator and repre
sentatives from each county constitute
an advisory board for the purpose of ac
tions upon questions which perplex the
State board, and toon which informa
tion could in no other way be obtained.
-Columbia State.
Not Runfians After All.
"General Ludlow, military governor
of Habana, commenting on the freed->m
from disorder, said that it was remark
able. Colonel Moulton. commander of
the Habana police, said that the ab
sence of crime after such an extraordi
nary political change had no parallel in
history." And McCullagh, formerly
chief of police of New York, finds the
Habaneros "mild and tractable" and
even Gen. Brooke is pleased with their
excellent behavior. These are the peo
ple who were represented a few days
ago as a set of bloodthirsty ruffians,
hating all order and eagzer to massacre
the Spaniards.-Columbia State.
"Te. Too Much Kissing.
"Teeditors of the religious papers
have no more 'use' for Lieut. Hobson
since the reports of his kissing mania
began to come in. The Northwestern
Christian Advocate, the Methodist
weekly of Chicago, is so exercised that
it threatens the hero of Santiago in
genuine Hibernian fashion by declar
ing he 'will not only be quickly forgot
ten, but his name will be a by-word un
less be quickly ceases the discreditable
course he has pursued for the past few
weeks.' "-Springfield Republican.
Blew the Maine Up.
A Havana paper accuses a Spaniard
by the names of Sencarias Bresnes. with
three others, of blowing up the United
States battleship Maine. Bresnes,
who is a lawyer and politician, sailed
for Spain about two weeks ago. The
instalments of the story thus far have
been devoted to the alleged felonies and
treacheries of IBresnes. The editor
tells his readers to be patient, as in
due time they will get the facts regard
ing the Maine explosion. He describes
hi ro mas- "larely moral."
THE PHILIPPINES.
The Americans Go Not as invad
ers or Conquerors.
SAYS PRESIDENT McKINLEY.
Inhabitants to be Assured of "Full
Measure of Individual Rights
and Liberties, the Herit
age of Free Peoples."
The policy of the administration to
ward the Philippines is shown in the
following cable message made public at
the war department Thursday:
Adjutant General's Office,
Washington, Dec. 27, 1898.
Gen. Otis, Manila.
By direction of the secretary of war,
I have the honor to transmit herewith
instructions of the president relative to
the administration of affairs in the
Philippine Islands:
Executive Mansion,
Washington, Dee. 217 1898.
To the Secretary of War:
Sir:-The destruction of the Spanish
fleet in the harbor of Manila by the
United StaLes naval squadron com
manded by Rear Admiral Iewey, fol
lowed by the reduction of the city and
the surrender of the Spanish forces
practically effected the conquest of. the'
Philippine islands and the suspension
of Spanish sovereignty therein.
With the signature of the treaty of
peace between the United States, and
Spain by their respective plenipotentia
ries at Parts on the 10th int. and as a
result of the victories of Ameriean 7
arms, the futare control, disposition
and government of the Philipine
islandi are ceded to the United Staits
In fulfilment of the rights of sovereign
ty thus acquired and the responsible ob
ligations of government thus assumed,
the actual occupation and administra
tion of 'the entire group of the Philip
pine islands becomes immediately ne
cessary and the military government
heretofore maintained by the United
States in the city; harbor and bay of
Manila is to be extended with all possi
ble dispatch to the whole- of the ceded
territory.
In performing this duty the military
commander of the United States is en
joined to make known to the inhabit
ants of the Philippine islands that, in
suceeding to the sovereignty of Spain,
in severing the former political rela
tions of the inhabitants and in estab
lishing a new political power, the an
thority of the United States is to be ex
erted for the security of the persons
and property 6f the people of the
islands and for the confirmation of all
their private rights and relations. It
will be the duty of the commander of
the forces of occupation to announce
and proclaim in the mostpublic manner
that we come, not as invaders or con
querow, but as friends to protect the
natives in their homes, in their employ- "
ments and in their personal and religious
rights. All persone who, either-byactive
aid or by honest submission, cooperate
with the government of the United
States to give effect to these beneficent
purpose will receive the reward of its
support and protection. All others will
be brought within the lawful rule we
have assumed, with firmness if need be,
but without severity so far as may be
possible.
Within the absolute domain of mili
tary authority, which necessarily is and
must remain supreme in the ceded ter
ritory until the legislation of the United
States shall otherwise provide, the mu
nicipal laws of the territory, in respect
to private rights and property and the
repression of crime are to be considered
as continuing in force, and to be admin
istered by the ordinary tribunals so far
as practicable. The operations of civil
and manicipal gosernment are to be
performed by such officers as may ac
ept the supremacy of the United States
by taking the oath of allegiance or by
officers chosen as far as may be practi
able from the inhabitants of the
islands.
While the control of all the public
property and the revenues of the state
passes with the cession, and while .the
use and management of all public
means of transportations are necessani
ly reserved to the authority of the
United States, private property, wheth
er belonging to individuals or.corpora
tions is to b.. respected except for cause
duly established. The taxes and duties
heretofore payable by the inhabitants
to the late government become payable
to the authorities of the United States
unless it be seen fit to substitute for
themi other reasonable rates or modes
of eontribution to the expenses of gov
enent, whether general or local. If
private property be taken for military
use it shall be paid for when possible in
cash at a fair valuation, and when pay
ment in cash is not practicable, receipts
are to Lie given.
All ports andI places in the Philip
pine islanda in the actual possession of
the land and naval forces of the United
States will be opened to the commesrce
of all friendly nations. All goods and
wares, not prohibited for military rea
sons by due announcement of the mili
tary authiority, will be admitted upon
pay ment of suchl duties and other
charges as shall be in force at the time
of their importation.
Finally, it should be the earnest and,
paramount aim Of the military adminis
tration to win the confidence, respect
and affection of the~inhabitants of the
Philipines by assuring to them in every
possible way toat full measure of indi
vidual rights and liberties which is the
eritage of free peoples, and by prov
ing to them that the mission of the
United States is one of benevolent as
imilation, substituting the mild sway
f .justice and right for arbitrary rule.
n the fultilmient of this high mission,
suporting the temperate administra
tion of affairs for the greatest good of
he governed, there mnust be sedulously
aintained through the strong arm oi
uthority, to repress disturbance and to
>vercome all obstacles to the bestowal
f the blessings of good and stable gov
rnment upon the people of the Philip
pine islauds under the free flag of the
nited States.
William McKinley.
Acknowledge receipt, H. C. Corbin
adjant eeral