THE RACE PROBLEM
Negro Domination Means the
White Man's Abasement.
SENATOR JOHN McLAURIN
Discusses the Troubles in the
South and Vividly Presents
the Situation as He
Sees It.
It is difficult and well niigh impossi
ble for any one to guage the depth and
power of any issue or movement predi
eated on race or religivus prejudices.
Fortunately, in this country we have
been spared those terrible struggles
brought on in other parts of the world
by religious prejudice-. But we are
not so fortunate on the race issue. for
the condition of our country, particu
larly in the South, with its great Negro
population placed alongside the white
population, makes race differences in
eritable.
The people of the North. far removed
from the centr.es of large Negro popu
lation, are able to view this race issue
from a purely sentimental standpoint.
It is to them simply a question of fine
phrases, of declarations on the equality
of all men under the law. But to the
people of the South the question of race
is not mere matter of sentiment. It is
a subject which enters into the very
life and existence of our people. We
see it before us every day: it is present
ed to us. not for argument and acade
mic discussion, but for immediate prac
tical solution.
While academicians at remote points,
secure in their own homes, secure in
their property, secure in all those ele
mentary rights which accompany Anglo
Saxon civilization, can theorize, we of
the South are compelled to face an act
ual condition. As an eminent public
man said of another vital issue in Am
erican affairs, it is not a theory but a
condition which confronts us. I sug
gest this because it seems natural and
unavoidable that the States of the
South which are face to face with this
terribie race conflict, must themselves
meet it and solve it, and that the theo
retical views of those standing afar off
should not be cast against those who
are struggling with a problem involving
their very self-existence.
The race issue has been brought
prominently to the front within recent
days by conditions in North and South
Carolina. In North Carolina the issue
has grown out of the peculiar condi
tions in that State, where Negro dom
ination has been brought about by a
peculiar combination of political causes.
For the last two years there has been
eomplete Negro domination throughout
that State, aside from the deeper ques
tion as to domination by those lacking
in education, in property and in all
that goes to make men represeLtative
of the general social welfare, the -vhites
were subjected to all manner of insults
and official oppression. I have no
doubt the trouble in South Carolina
1was a direct result of the Negro domina
tion in North Carolina, as we of South
Carolina have fortunately been rid of
Negro domination for many years. But
outr people are closely allied by blood
and business with the people of North
Carolina, and it is but natural that they
should have felt a deep sympathy when
the white men of North Carolina deter
mined to throw off the evil of black
rule.
From my personal experience while
attorney general of South Carolina I
pined an insight into the real meaning
of Negro rule. The people of the North
have no idea of what this means as
judgedbyatualexperience.. In the State
-of South Carolina we had eight years of
Segro carpet bag government, during
which the white men of the State, rep
resenting its intelligence, its education
and its property, were sent to the rear,
-while the legislative halls of the State
were in the possession of a body of Ne
gro legislators.
What this body did is a matter of
history with us, although I do not be
lieve the people of the North appreciate
the excesses which that Negro legisla
tUre 9fad Negro gnvernment committed.
By the forced issue of bonds the debt
of the State was increased during this
period of Negro rule from $3,000,000
to ~ $I,0000 One year the corrupt
Ngoadcarpet bgofficials of the
taemet inaback room of a bank and
actually divided up among themselves
all the money collected by taxation. It
was simply a matter of personal distri
bution of public money among them.
As attorney general following the
period of Negro rule I had to defend a
suit that exposed one phase of this Ne
gro rule. The black legislature had
passed an act to issue $1,500,000 of
serip, known as Blue Ridge scrip, to
build a railroad. That scrip the Negro
and carpet bag officials actually issued
three times over, and the triple issues
were disposed of in various money mar
kets. For acts like these many of the
Negro officials were afterward prosecut
ed, convicted and sent to the peniten
tiary. But even in this there was little
justice, as pardons by the Negro-made
governor were as much a commercial
eommodity as cotton or wheat.
It was such experiences as this
that warned the people of North
Carolina what was likely to follow if
the baneful influence of Negro domima
tion became firmly fixed upon their
State. Already it had secured partial
control of the State, and the most pop
ulous communities, the seats of educa
tion, wealth and business, were com
pletely under the mastery, of Negroes
who had little cr no p::rticipation or
even indirect interest in the business,
trade, property or substantial condi
tions of these places.
This is not a mere assertion,but it is a
fact readily established by specific in
stances which can be cited, and I think
it is no more than simple justice to the
people of the Carolinas that their
brothers of the North should look at
these facts and consider what they
would de under similar circumstances.
Take, for instance, the city of Green
ville, N. C., where the taxable proper
ty is $750,000. The Board of Alder
men levies the taxes and orders the ex
penditures. One of the Negro Alder
men pays sixty-four cents in taxes;
apther one eighty-three eents; the other
tdo nothing. The total taxes paid by
the Negro Aldermen are $1.47. The
Mayor, a white man elected by Negro
votes, pays forty-three cents in taxes.
The Negro City Clerk pays no taxes,
the policemen none, the night watch
man none, the Chief of Police twenty
five cents. The revenues of this town
amount to $5,500, of which $2,830
goes to pay the salaries of these non- tax
paying Negro officeholders. I believe
it to be a safe assumption to say that
ninety-five per cent of the taxes are
paid by the white people.
The instance I have cited is but cone
of a great many throughout the State
ipetition to repeat i hese instance!; The
same abhorrent principle. or lack of
principle. runs through all of them
nacly, taxation Without representa
tion; Negro direction and control of
widespread white interests, personal
and property. Not content with tak
ine possession of nmunicipalities and ap
pointing Negro justices and poliIenen.
the Negroes seem inspired with a vin
dictive desire to make their sway as
odious and epressive as possible to
their white fellow citizens. But this
Negro. unrepresentative direction of
property rights is only the least objec
tionable feature of Nezro rule. The
real danger arises to the individuals.
particularly the white women and
young girls. In some sections it is un
save for a white girl or woman to walk
the road alone. I traveled over North
Carolina during the recent politieal
contest and on all hands heard the re
i is of Negro lawlessness and outrage.
"ich at last had become so bold and
defiant that the white people, represent
ing order, protection to life and person
and purity of womanhood, were arous
ed and united as never before, and
without reference to pervious political
afiliation.
The frequent assaults by Negroes
uvon white women are a constant me
nace and source of terror. Not lone
since I spoke to a large crowd in North
Carolina. Among those present was an
old Republican, who had been the
backbone of his party in that section.
le was an old Confederate soldier and
a man of undaunted courage. it was
the custom in that section at the close
of a speech to call for converts. White
men of all parties were called upon to
conie forward and sign the "white
man's union.- I made an appeal
something like an old fashioned Meth
odist minister at a camp meeting for
those who wanted "saving grace" to
come to the mourners' bench. The old
man immediately came forward and
made as thrilling an appeal as I ever
heard. He started out by saying:
"I have been a nigger for fifteen
years, but by the help of God I will be
a white man the balance of my life.
You people know how mean I have
been, and I ask your forgiveness. Do
you know what turned me? Well, a
good woman did it. My nearest neigh
bor was assaulted by a Negro, and a
white lawyer volunteered for his de
fence. My daughter put her arms
around my neck and begged me with
tears in her eyes to stand by the white
people. Her plea for the white woman
was irresistible, and I promised her
then and there that I would stand by
the white people in their fight for white
supremacy."
It is impossible to describe a scene
like this. He was a big, rugged old
tnan, as brave as a lion, and when he
announced that he was not afraid of
"Yankee troops,"' as he hal fought
them under Stonewall Jackson, and was
not afraid to meet them again if sent
down by President McKinley, declar
ing he would not ask a more glorious
death than to die in defence of the wo
men of North Carolina, and thus expi
ate some of the wrong he had done,
there was hardly a dry eye in that large
crowd. The effect of such an appeal
was electrical, and every man, without
reference to politics, there signed the
paper.
I heard from reliable sources in
North Carolina that since Negro rule
began in the State there had been
twen' y felonious assaults of white wo
men by neg'oes, besides numerous at
tempts, and that every one of them had
occurred in a county under Negro gov
ernment, and not a single one in coun
ties under white rule. A Negro news
paper in Wilmington, N. C.. attempted
to justify all such assaults by an attack
upon the virtue of the white women. It
was an unbearable insult, which helped
fan the spark of indignation into a
flame.
I heard of another instance charac
teristic of the conditions prevailing. A
young lady eighteen years of age was
walking along the streets and found the
sidewalk blocked by three negro men,
and stepped off to pass around. One
of the men took hold of her, turned her
around and slapped her face for "put
ting on airs." Hundreds of instances
of a similar character have occured in
that State which have never been pub
lished because the white people are
ashamed to admit that such outrages
were being perpetrated.
The worst effect of Negro domina
tion is the abasement of the white man.
The most characterless and degraded of
the whites compete for the Negro vote.
The Negroes by themselves have never
in a single instance been able to gain
control, but have been led by white
men whom they always repudiate as
soon as they gain power. The reason
the Negroes repudiate as soon as possi
ble their white allies is because the Ne
gro is ambitious. His one great ambi
tion is to beceme a white man. and if
he despises one thing more than another
is a white man who has becemne a Ne
gro, and the first neck his heel will
tread upon is the white man's through
whose vote he gains power.
In the county of Richmond, N. C.. a
white man made a speech within five
miles of the South Carolina line in
which he openly encouraged his Negro
hearers to assaults on white women. He
did not speak at his next appointment,
and in any other State in this Union
one uttering such statements would
have been hanged, but the man was al
lowed to go with an apology.
Finally, let it be understood that this
is a righteous cause, high above the
plane of party, and involving the pre
servation of civilization. It was Ma
cauley, I believe, who said of the
French Revolution, "It destroyed lib
erty, but preserved civilization. It was
an awful calamity when, after the war,
a vast horde of ignorant voters were en
franchised. More than once have our
people been face to face with the dread
choice between liberty and civiliza
-tion.
Once in South Carolina Wade Hamp
ton thrilled the hearts of our people
with the words:-"I will be Governo,
of South Carolina, or, by the Eternalr
we will have a miliary government."
Better for me a military despotism than
a civilization inferior, degraded and
corrupt.
This is the cause of civilization. The
Southern people can stand four cent
cotton and poverty, but they will not
stand Negro domination. As long as
there is a decent white man living he
will be ready to die in defence of our
women and our civilization.
I think one of the greatest mistakes
now being made is in the methods of
education of the Negro. He is being
rapidly developed intellectually before
ie is prepared industrially and moral
ly. The three should go hand in hand,
and the process in the first is too rapid
for the latter to keep pace. On the
contrary, it is just and right and abso
lutely best and wisest for both races
that the white people, who settled this
country and civilized it and made it the
grandest country on the globe, and who
have done more for the negro race than
all other peoples, should govern it as a
whole and in all its parts. It is their
country and they have a right to rule it,
ud the rainly will rule it.
In "ook jni- fort lie ;0lazt~.'il of thesze
race evils we say at the (ut2t that it
calls for the same solution-tbat of
white supremlay-that t folbowed
throughoit le v:ori history. Th e
superiority of tIe ubiie, the interiority
of the l-aek. is a ri iple recoguized
by socioloei'ts. wicn no were senti
mental utterance can obseure. It has
been exhibitei in a 1 ages. and the in
stanc-s which Egypt u.'ve in early days
are today repeated in the advance of
Anglo-Saxon civilization under t'Ae
banners of the Sirdar and the driming
back (if the black hordes at Khar
toum.
The right of the Caucasian to rule
coies from God Where he is found
he governs. It is in his blood. His
connission is printed on his brow by
the hand of the Almighty. and the re
cord of his race is marked in all the
histories of the past in all the countries
I of the earth. Anglo-Saxon civilization
in North Carolina will never retreat in
the face ol a conflict with an inferior
race.
Every State in the South has had
the same ordeal to go through. but in
every struggle our civilization has been
mnaintained and in every conflict it has
ultimately triumphed. The constitu
tions of South Carolina. M1ississippi and
Louisiana tell the story.
It has been fortunate for the Caroli
nas. for the South and for the country
at large that the recent demand for
federal bayonets to sustain negro domi
nation was not carried out. President
McKinley is a good man. le is better
and stronger than some of his advisers.
He has been very conservative in his
South Carolina appointments, and I
hope he will not Ie influenced by un
wise counsels in the future. le should
defer to the sentiment of white supre
macy prevailing in the South, because
such supremacy does not necessarily
involve any hostility to the Negroes.
Time alone can solve the complex
problem. A certain period of quiesc
ence must elapse during which the pub
mind will have time to recover from
the violence of reconstruction and Ne
gro domination. as recently witnessed
in North Carolina. The Negro will be
come more generally diffused over the
entire country and the haunting terror
of his domination thus become less. In
the meantime he is developing morally
and industrially by contact with the
whites; he is well qualified for the ac
quirement of an imitative civilization;
all that he has came in that way. By
nature he is peaceful, and only danger
ous from his emotional and superstiti
ous nature, which makes him the prey
of bad white men. It is a pity that he
has to suffer for it; the white man at
his back is responsible more than he.
All look with sorrow and regret upon
these racial outbreaks. Things remain
quiet for years, perhaps. These are ag
gressions, small troubles, in every com
munity, until there is an accumulation,
like the gases in some mine; suddenly
and unexpectedly a match is struck and
the explosion comes. The outside
world sees only the immediate cause
and holds up its hands in horror.
They know nought of the long train of
events leading up to a catastrophe that
makes the soul shudder. Men lose
their reason and become frenzied.
Take the recent trouble in South Caro
lina with the Tolberts. The people of
Greenwood are as quiet., as peacable
and as law abiding as in any New Eng
land community.
The riots were the spontaneous com
bustion of accumulated wrath. De
plorable as they are, their causes are
even more so, for while one involv'es
loss of a few lives the other means loss
of principle-of a whole and their pos
terity. John McLaurin.
Will Grow Food Crops.
It will not be an unmixed evil if the
present low price of cotton forced our
farmers to plant more food crops. The
Macon telegraph is doing a good work
in awakening interest among our far
mers in the planting of wheat. To sus
tain its arguments it has brought out
some interesting facts:
First. Georgia wheat took the prize
at the world's fair in Vienna more than
forty years ago
Second. Georgia wheat flour took
prizes in St. Louis and in Baltimore
$500 in one case and $250 in the other
since the civil war.
Tuird. Flour mills in Michigan
took the lead on "best flour" before the
civil war, made from wheat grown in
Southern Alabama.
Fourth. One acre in Georgia wheat
has been known to produce 104 bush
Fifth. Dr. Massee has been grow
ing wheat near Marshallville success
fully for fifty-four consecutive years,
and his son will plant 200 acres in that
cereal this year.
Sixth. A little in wheat is worth
more than a great deal in cotton at the
present prices.
Seventh. Wheat crops on good
lands in Middle Georgia produce from
eighteen to twenty-five bushels per acre
whereas. the average in the United
States is fifteen bushels, and the aver
age in the world is .117 bushels.
Divorced and Married.
One day last week Mrs. Min
nie Schilling, 22 years old and
pretty obtaineid a divorce from Conrad
Schilling in a St. Louis court. Before
she stepped out of the court room lHar
ry J. Hollness, of Ballston, N. Y., who
heard the prooeedings, rushed up to the
young woman, renewed an acquaintance
of long standing and proposed matrimo
ny on the spot. He was accepted with
just as much rapidity. and the couple
went to the marriage license office.
After producing a dollar and getting
the coveted document, they marched to
Judge Haughton~s office, where Mrs.
Shilling promptly became Mrs. HolI
ness. The whole thing was done in
less than fifteen nrinutes after the di
vorce decree was read. Even the mar
riage license clerks, used to hasty wed
dings, were astonished at the celerity
displayed by this couple. Gladys Rose
the three-year-old daughter of the bride.
was with her, and as soon as the knot
was tied the alert bridegroom picked up
his stepchild and walked off with his
"little family" in conscious pride.
Hilton s.
odoform Liniment is the "nec plu.
ultra" of all such preparations in re
moving soreness, and quickly healing
fresh cuts and wounds, no matter how
bad. It will promptly heal old sores
of long standing. Will kill the pois
on from "Poison Ivy" or "Poison
Oak" and cure "Dew Poison." Will
counteract the poison from bites of
snakes an stings of insects. It is a
sure cure for sore throat. Wil cure
any case of sore mouth, and is a supe
rior remedy for all pains and aches.
Sold by druggists and dealers 25 cents a
bottle. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Not a Legal Trade.
That Newark, N. J., woman who per
mitted herself to be sold by her hus
band to another fellow and forthwith
married the purchaser, got rid of a
worthless husband but also got into trou
le, for she married the other fellow
w ithout a preliminary divorce, and is
CAN VARSERS )flET
Result of Recent Election Official.
ly Declared.
LIGHT REPUBLICAN VOTE.
Every Democratic Nominee for
Congress Unanimously Elect
ed. The Tabulated Vote
by Counties.
The State board of election canvas
sers met Thursday and declared the re
sult of the recent election. There were
present Secretary of State Tompkins,
Treasurer Timmerman, Attorney Gen
eral Barber, Adjutant General Watts,
Comptroller General Derham and Hon.
D. H. Magill, chairman of the house
Scommittee on privileges and elections.
Lieut. Governor McSweeny was also
present.
The vote polled at the November
election was very light, barely one
fourth of the voting strength of the
State. There wereslightly over 2S,000
votes cast. In each congressional dis
trict there was a Republican nominee
for congress, but none was elected. The
largestvote received by any one Repub
lican candidate was tha.t of Murray of
the First district. who received 1.529, a
little over half of Col. Elliott's vote.
The aggregate vote for the Republican
cominees was 2.804.
There was a slight discrepancy be
tween the vote received by the different
candidates for State offices. but the ap
proximate was 28.200. Governor El
lerbe's vote by county was as follows:
Abbeville..................... 829
Aiken.....................700
Anderson..................... 899
Bamberg.... ..............449
Barnwell...................808
Berkeley...... ............486
Charleston............... 1,142
Cherokee ................. 508
Chesterfield.. ......... 810
Colleton............ ...... 590
Darlington .......... ......... 544
Dorchester.................... 444
Edgefield..................627
Fairfield ..................379
Florence................ 592
Georgetown................... 456
Greenville........... ......774
Greenwood................ 677
Hampton.. .......... .....58
H orry............... ........ 807
Kershaw............ ......... 403
Lancaster................. 941
Laurens.................. 519
Lee.. .......... .........338
Lexington......... ........718
Marion..... .............1,148
Marlboro............ ...... 564
Newberry..................... 700
Oconee................ ....... 528
Orangeburg................... 1,389
Pickens.......- ......... 374
Richland.................. 332
Saluda.......... .........628
Spartanburg. .............1,475
Sumter...................470
Union.. ..................590
Williamsburg.. .............900
York.................... 984
Total..................2,225
Following in the congressional vote,
the Democratic candidates being the
first named:
FIRST DISTRICT.
Elliott Murray.
Colleton............. 76 71
Charleston...........1,612 240
Georgetown.......... 310 488
Beaufort............ 395 334
Williamsburg.. ....... 613 392
Berkeley............. 25 .4
Total............3,000 1,259
Scattering: Jones 1.
SECoND DISTRICT.
Talbert. Chataield.
Aiken............. 804 3
Barnwell..........846 41
Edgefid........... 681 7
Hampton........... 589 5
Bamberg.... ........ 459 20
Saluda............. 634 10
Total.. ..... ..4,013 122
Scattering: Butler, 3; Dixon, 1.
THIRD DISTRICT.
Latiner. Tolbert.
Abbeville..... .....779 112
Anderson..........881 60
Newberry..........706 2
conee............. 501 30
Pickens............. 370 28
Greenwood....... 792 73
Total.............4,029 332
Scattering: Hendricks, 14.
FOCRTHI DISTRICT.
Wilson. Suber.
Greenville.......... 708 22
Laurens...... .....928 53
Spartanburg........1,620 19
Union..... ....... 51 51
Richland ........ .. 266 14
Fairfield...........364
Total...........4,467 105
FIFTH DISTIRCT.
York.................. .... 923
Chester..................... 569
Lancaster................... 931
Chesterfield.. .. ... .... ...... 813
Kershaw............. ...... 410
Cherokee......... ..........76
Total................... 4230
Scattering: 1.
SINTU DISTRICT.
Norton. Evans.
Clarendon........... 723 1
Darlington.......... 530 .33
Marlboro..... ......536
Marion............1,157 63
Florence........... .634 11
orry............. 830 43
Williamsburg.. .... .. 355
Total............4,765 .151
SEVENTH DISTRICor.
Stokes. Weston.
Lexington.......... .. 75 9
Orangeburg.........1,456 81
Sumter............. 459 81
Colleton............. 541 94
Berkeley............. 426 125
Rihland............ 53 65
Lee........ ........ 326 26
Dorchester. ..... ..... 417 -53
Total............4,433 505
The following are the State officers to
be inaugurated on January 12th.
Governor-W. H. Ellerbe.
Lieutenant Governor-M. B. Me
Sweeney.
Secretary of State-M. B. Cooper.
Attorney General-G. Dncean Bel
linger.
Trasurer-W. H. Timmerman.
Comptroller-J. P. Derham.
Adjutant General-J. W. Floyd.
Superintendent of Education-J. J.
MMahan.
Railroad Commissioner-C. W. Gar
ris.-State.
An exchange says: Old Abram's
wisest remark: "Ef de descendants
ob de rooster what crowed at Peter was
ter make a noise ebery time a lie is told,
dar would be such .a noise in de world
CAPTAIN SIOSBE'S SroRY.
R:-s Account of tle Destruction of the
Battieshii 21aine.
Ca;t. .are D. Siv:.bee isi contri
bo:inig to The ('nta:: maizine hi,
-Personal Narni iof the ain. lie
% ill write for no othr periodical. In
the December Century hisi -second pa
per describes the blowirwg up of the
Maine and the scenes that followed it.
Capt. Sigsbee says:
About an hour before the explosion I
hid completed a report called for by
Mr. Theodore Roosevelt. assistant sec
retary of the navy, on the advisability
of continuing to place torpedo tubes on
board cruisers and hattleships. I then
wrote a letter home in which I struggled
to apologize for having carried in my
pocket for 10 months a letter to my wife
from one of her friends of long stand
ing. The cabin-mess .ttendant, James
Pinckney. had brought me. about an
hour before, a civilian's thin coat, be
cause of the prevailing heat: I had
taken off my blouse, and was wearing
this coat for the only time during the
cruise. In the pocket I had found the
unopened -and undelivered letter.
Pinckney. a lighthearted colored man.
who spent much of his time in singing.
playing the banjo. and dancing jigs.
was for some reason in an especially
happy frame of mind that night. Poor
fellow! He was killed, as was also good
old John R. Bell. the colored cabin
steward. who had been it the navy 27
years.
At taps ("turn in and keep quiet"),
10 minutes after 9 o'clock, I laid down
my pen to listen to the notes of the bu
gle, which was singularly beautiful in
the oppressing stillness of the night.
The marine bugler, Newton. who was
rather given to fanciful effects, was
evidently doing his best. During his
pauses the echoes floated back to the
ship with singular distinctness, repeat
ing the strains of the bugle fully and
exactly. A half-hour later Newton was
dead.
I-was enclosing my letter in its en
velope when the explosion came. The
impression made on differcnt people on
board the Maine varied somewhat. To
me, in my position, well aft, and with
in the superstructure, it was a bursting,
rending. crashing sound or roar of im
mense volume, largely metallic in char
acter. It was followed by a succ.,ssion
of heavy, ominous, metallic sounds,
probably caused by the overturning of
the central superstsucture and by fall
ing debris. There was a trembling and
lurching motion of the vessel, a list to
port, and a movement of subsidence.
The electric lights, of which there were
eight in the cabin where I was sitting;
went out. Then there was intense
blackness and smoke.
The situation could not be mistaken,
the Maine was blown up and sinking.
For a moment the instinct of self-pre
servation took charge of me, but this
was immediately dominated by the ha
bit of command. I went up the in
clined deck into the starboard cabin,
toward the starboard air-perts, which
were relieved somewhat against the
background of the sky. The sashes
were out; and the opening was large.
Myfirst intention was an escape through
an air-port, but this was abandoned in
favor of the more dignified way of mak
ing an exit through the superstrure. I
groped ray way through the passage to
the outer door. The passage turned to
the right, or starboard, near the for
ward part of the superstructure.
When the turn was reached, some one
ran into me violently: It was Private
William Anthony, the orderly at the
cabin door. He said something apolo
getic, and reported that the ship had
been blown up and was sinking. He
was directed to go out to the quarter
deck, and I followed him. Anthony
has been pictured as making an exceed
ingly formal salute on that occasion.
The dramatic effect of a salute cannot
add to his heroism. If he had made a
salute it could not have been seen in
the blackness of that compartment.
Anthony did his whole duty, at great
personal risk, at a time when he might
have evaded the danger without ques
tion, and deserved all the commenda
tion he received for his act. He hung
near me with unflagging zeal and watch
fulness that night until the ship was
abandoned.
I stood for a moment on the star
board side of the main-deck, forward of
the superstructure, looking toward the
immense dark mass that loomed up
amid ships, but could see nothing dis
tinctly. There I remained for a few
seconds in an effort to grasp the situa
tion, and then asked Anthony for the
exact time. He replied: " The explo
sion took place at 9.40, sir," It was
soon necessary to retire from the main
deck, for that part of the ship was
sinking rapidly. I then went up on the
poop-deck. By this time Lieut. Com
mander Wainwright and others were
near me. Everybody was impressed by
the solemnity of the disaster, but there
wes no excitement apparent; perfect
discipline prevailed.
The question has been asked many
times if I believed that the Maine was
blown up from the outside. My an
swer to this has been my first order on
reaching the deck was to post sentries
about the ship. I knew that the Maine
had been blown up, and believed that
she had been blown up from the outside,
Therefore, I ordered a measure which
was intended to guard against attack.
There was no need for the order, but I
am writing of first impressions. There
was the sound of many voices from the
shore, suggestive of cheers.
The Girls Men Admire.
They admire the girl who is her moth
er's right hand in household matters,
and who is not above taking an interest
in tne most trivial matters in connec
tion with house duties.
They admire the girl who is a bright,
entertaining companion, 'and who has
ever a kind word and pleasant smile for
all with whom she comes in contact.
They admire the girl who is al-vays
neatly gowned, no matter if in inexpen
sive materials, and who never dresses
loudly or in questionable taste.
They admire the girl who can adapt
herself to any society, who never puts
on affected airs, and who would scorn to
do a mean action.
They admire the girl who in an emer
gency can turn her hand to anything,
from cooking the family di-nner to re
trimming an old hat.
They admire the girl who is unselfish
enough to give up some pleasure of her
own to benefit another, and does not
consider herself aggrieved at having to
do so.
They admire the girl who can talk of
more important things than dreas or the
last new opera, and who can listen in
telligently when deeper subjects aie in
troduced.
Marrying Young.
Marrying young seems to run in the
family of Ella Randler, of Manheim.
Pa., who was married a few days ago at
the age of ]3 years. She belongs to a
family which marries young. Her
mother and grandmother were both un
er 14 whet -'- were married.
SPAIN ACCEPTS.
She Surrenders Every Island De
manded by the Americans.
THE THIRTEEN ARTICLES.
Philippine Evacuation About Same
as for Cuba and Puerto
Rico. Mutual Rele'ase
of Prisoners.
The Peace Coimission at Paris will
soon be through with its work. Spain
has accepted the American demands.
The Spanish commissioners announced
being authorized by their government
to reply that though the American
propositions are inadmissible on legal
principles and are not a proper compro
mise on legal principleb, that on the
Spanish part all diplomatic resources
are exhausted and that Spain. inspired
by reasons of patriotism and humanity
and to avoid the horrors of war, resigns
her-elf to the power of the victor. She
accepts the offered conditions uncondi
tionally in order to conclude a treaty of
peace. The American demands includ
ed the acquisition of the whole of the
Philippine and Sulu groups for $20,
000,000, and it is also understood the
United States will pu-chase the Caro
line group. The question of the debt
of Cuba was left unsettled.
THE THIRTEEN ARTICLES.
There were thirteen articles laid be
fore the two commissioners covering the
following subjects:
First-The relinquishment of sover
eignty over and claim of title to Cuba.
Second-The cession of Puerto Rico
and other Spanish possession in the
West Indies, together with Guam, in
the Ladrones.
Third-The cession of the Philip
pines.
Fourth-The terms of the evacua
tion of the Philippines.
Fifth-The pledge of the United
States to preserve order in the Philip
pines pending the ratification of the
treaty.
Sixth-The release of military pri
soners mutually.
Seventh-The cession by Spain of
the Island of Kusai, or Strong island,
in the Carolines.
Eighth-The mutual relinquishment
of indemnity claims.
Ninth-The religious freedom of the
Carolines, assuring the rights of Ameri
can missionaries there.
Tenth-Cable landing rights at
points within the Spanish jurisdiction.
Eleventh-The release by Spain of
political prisoners for offenses in Cuba
and the Philippines.
Twelfth-The pledge of the United
States to inaugurate in the Philippines
an "open door" policy and to guarantee
the same to Spain for at least twelve
years.
Thirteenth-A revival of the treaties
broken by the war.
FOUR ARTICLES AGREED UPON.
The first three articles were mutually
agreed upon today, as was also the ar
ticle embodying the terms of the evacu
ation of the Philippines, which will be
practically the same as in the evacua
ation of Cuba and Puerto Rico.
A Very Peculiar Case.
A very peculiar case is now puzzling
the people of Walterboro and vicinity.
The Press and Standard gives the fol
lowing particulars of it: "Thursday
morning last Sam Riggs, a Negro living
in the low country, drove into town and
presented Sheriff Owens with a horse
and buggy and a double barrelled
breechloading gun, with one barrel
empty and the other loaded with buck
shot. Riggs said that Wednesday night
two men broke into his house, cursed
him and then would have shot him,
but another Negro being present and
knocking up the gun, the load took ef
fect in the side of the house. He said
that several of his friends were in the
house with him then, and that before
the man could shoot again one of them
had seized the gun and wrenched it
from him; that the men being thus dis
armed, gave up the attempt and fled.
Their horse and buggy was tied nearby,
but they were so closely pursued by the
enraged Negroes that they didn't stop,
but continued their flight through the
woods. The Negroes, failing to over
take their would-be lynchers, untied
the horse, jumped into the buggy, drove
to Walterboro and turned them over to
the sheriff. Riggs says there were
other white men near, but does not
know who they were or how many. But
this is Riggs' side of the story. Mr.
Dave Blocker, to whom the horse and
buggy belonged, -tells another story.s
He came to town, regained p-ssession
of his property through claim and de
livery proceedings. He says he was
waylaid on the highway and deprived
of the turnout. It is rather a peculiar
case and somewhat involved in mys
tery." ___________
. Our NIew Empire.
The islands we take from Spain as a
result of the war which has just term
niated number more than two thous
and. As they have never been coun
ted or accurately surveyed we can't
state positively the exact number or
give their exact dimensions, but the
best statistics available yield the fol
lowing results as to areas in square
miles:
Cuba........ ........... 45,000
Porto Rico.................3550
Hawaiian group............. 6,640
The Philippines...........114,000
The Sulus.................. 1,00
The Carolines............. 1,000
Guam in Ladrones......... ..500
Total.................. 171,690
The Hawaiian group was not taken
from Spain, but as they form part of
our new empire we include it with the
others. According to the dimensions
Cuba is about the size of New York.
Ohio or Alabama.
Porto Rico is a little smaller than
Connecticut.
The Hawaiian Islands are somewhat
smaller than New Jersey, the largest
island, Hawaii, being about twice the
size of Delaware.
The Philippines cover land space
about as great as New York and the New
England states together. Luzon. on
which Manila is situated, it not much
smaller than New York.
All the new dependencies together
are about equal in erea to the New
England States, New York, Pennsyl
vania and New Jersey.
Thirty-Seven Lives Lo'st.
Thirty-seven people were drowned
who were on board the Brithish steam
er Clan Drummond from the Clyde via.
Liverpool for Cape Good Hope, wrecked
in the bay of Biscay. The nemainderi
of the ship's company saved number
23. They are on board the British
steamer Holbein, Capt. Shurtoek, from
London and Antwerp for Rio Janeiro
ancored off Cascaes, 15 miles west of
here. The Holbein has prop'eller shaft-1
EDREAMS'-THAT'3 ALL,
A day prlng dream.
. wail on thfi wind, a bay-'s <all,
A 1ur e of life in a wondrous shawl,
1hu.r and red and dimpled and small
This 7:ry thing,
Fcr hs ury Kingdom to install
. ream- that's all.
A morning dream,
Of rjseai '-. ravishing hope and light,
Ard hou.'ant. life and promise bright,
Of you:hful joy and keen delight,
Of ard.nt love,
And snles above,
Ard a heart for Cupid to enthrall,
A dream-that's all.
A mid-day dream,
Ambition's blazing, zenith sun,
Laureils and palms and honors wc4,
And the road to riches well begun,
A nol!r- ran,
A fitf:l Fame
And Formune. siaves at beck and cal
A dream-that's all.
A to'ilight dream,
ShadruW! and silence and fading light,
A;-.. C:-.r; day and falling night,
A hu;: 3, and an ending, and failing sight,
A ,rec'ing chill,
Then ail i:; still,
And the. dark comes down like a solemn
pall
A dream-that's all.
A mCr!rht dream,
Dus: ar.d nrhcs, a shattered vase,
A (run '.nr f'over, a pale, sad face,
A vl, v:c~i . s.l.nce o'erthe place,
'hen darl:::css, death,
And a lor.g, black wait for the judgment
cal:
A dream-that's all.
-D. G. BIckers, -in Atlanta Constitution.
8SADIFS VISIT TO
THE GOVERNOR.
0 BY inat T CARYL COX. a
T HE governor was returning from
lune.heon in good humor, albeit in
scmetbing of a hurry.
lie had lingered longer than he in
tended, listening to the anecdotes of
his companions; so now he passed rap
idly down the corridors of the state
house, exchanging greetings with those
he met, and entered his own office.
His quick eyes noted the one clerk
Lusily at. work, -and he nodded as he
passed on to the inner office.
His hand was on. the doorknob when
a child's voice remonstrated: "The
,overnor ain't in there; he's gone to
dinner. You'll have -to wait."
The clerk 'turned his head as if to
speak; but the governor silenced him
with a motion as -he turned toward the
speaker. His kindly eyes took in with
a glance the small girl figure resting
back ita the big chair. Her feet did not
reach to the floor; her coat was flung
over the back of another chair, and her
hat hung on to the doorknob of the
governor's private office. She certain
ly was very much at home.
She looked up and smiled.
"have some?" she said, holding up a
doughnut. "There are plenty more,"
looking down at the.paper bag in her
lap. "I brought my lunch along, 'eause
I was afraid I'd get 'hungry; and if
you've got to wait you might as well eat
something too."
The governor smiled in answer.
"rye been here 'most forever," she
continued, confidingly, "and there've
been just piles of folks in; butthat man
over there"-pointing to the listening
elerk--"he said the .governor couldn't
see anyone before three o'clock. He's
at real nice man., though, even if he did
send them off. Hemustbesomepartic
ular friend of the governor, Iguess, see
ing he stays here all the time and looks
out for things. He's been real polite to
me, and you'd like him, I know," nod
ding gravely into the governor's emused
face.
"Suppoie we go in here and wait,"
suggested the governor, opening the
door of his inner office.
"Oh, I daren'.t!" The child's voice
was full of awe. "It's the governor's,
you know, and 'he mightin't like it."
Her voice was scarce above a whisper
as she slipped noiselessly from her chair
and stocod by the governor, gazing into
the room with wide-open eyes.
"We might go in, don't you think?"
queried the governor, a break in his
voice, 'turning to theelerk.
"Oh, yes, certainly," replied the clerk,
with an answering smile.
"There! dida't I tell you?" cried the
child, as she danced into the room.
"He's a kind man, just as I said."
"You sit there," indicating the re
volving chair at the desk, "and we'll
make believe you're the governor. I
ni ish you were," wistfully.
"Why ?" queried the-governor. "You
aren't afraid of him, are y.ou?2"
"No," hesitatingly. "That is, not
much. I guess I almost ain't. But he's
the governor. you know, and has to do
n'ry important things, and he might
not like to 1)e bothered wi'th a litte
girl. Ilut I woulda't be afraid of you.
'e'ause y.ou've got such kind eyes. You'd
listen to me, but he might tell me to get
out. D~o you suppose he would?"
"No," the governor reassured hier.
"lie miigL-t be very busy, you know, but
I guess he'd listen to you; that is, if
you should tell your story well and_
plainly. You might tell it to me as a
sor't of practice, then I can tell better if
the governogvill listen to you."
"All right," she began, settiling baek
in~ her chair and rubbing its shiny arms.
"It's about a fair, you see," looking
up in.to the kind eyes. "We want to
hve one out where I live-one to help
t he grand army, yocu know. 'cause they
were soldiers, and t'heir houses got
burned down, and they don't have any
paee to meet. But nobody won't go to
fairs, 'cause they're tired of them, and
some one said if they coulM only '
the governor to come down r .
there and say something, a' .<,n~ake
hands with the people,'. , ,bey could
get a big crowd out.
"rolks would come f'rom all round,
same's they do to a cattle show, 'cause
they're awfully fond of the governor.
He's the best one we ever had, you
know. That's. what &~y' say, bM
guess it's partlIy 'cause some of the men
was in the same empany with, him in
the war; and seeingi Ie's governor and
they know him, it makes 'em feel pre tty
big.
"Anyway, I heard a man isy so; but
then, he's always saying sonimthing that
ain't nice. He said the governor
wouldn't come -when the committee
wrote to him about it; and when the'
answer came that he had too man-y en
gagemnents he just smiled and said: 'I
tcd you so.'
"And they felt awful discouraged,
and papa felt so bad I just thought I'd
come and see about i-t.. I thought if I
could see the governor and tell him
about it, perhaps he'd come after all.
[ don't suppose he will, though, seeing
'm only a little girl."
"He might." the governor suggest
ed, looking beyond her out of the win
dw. "H~e might not have under
stood, you know; for he gets a good
many invitations to go to places, and'
probably he didn't realize how much
you wanted him."
The child's face brightened-. "Oh,
we do want him awfully." she cried;
and we'd make lots of money. I know.
And I thought perhaps he'd bring his
show her ro1und. Wer'r going to have
ice cream, you know. Don't you s'peC
she'd like to come?"
A murmur of voices in the oute
office, and a gruff voice calling:'
"Sadie!" precluded any answer to this
query.
"It's Sam." said the child, slipping -
out of her chair. "and he's come for
me. and I shan't see the governor.
Now, ain't that just too bad' Big
tears rolled down her cheeks. "And
I'm-so--disappointed," she sobbed.
"I -might tell him fon you," the gov
ernor said, drawing .her toward him.
"You've told me all about it,. so that I
understand. perfectly, and I'll see that
he knows all about it, and I'll send you
word to-morrow."
"Will you, really?" The child's
voice -trembled with eagerness. "You
aren't teasing, are you, seeing I'm a
little girl?"
"No," he assured her, gravely.
"Honest Injun! That's what you say
when you mean it, isn't it? I thought
so," as the child nodded. "That's
what my little girl makes me say some
times. Well, now you run along with
Sam, and be sure too'go to the post
office to-morrow, so as to know wheth
er the governor will come. I'm prett.
sure he will," he added, as she vanished
into the outer office.
The town of Mayfair was in astate of
great excitement. The grand army
was to hold a big fair, and the govern
or was to be present. He was actually
coming, despite his former refusal.
A big official-looking document had
come to the chairman of the commit
tee, saying that on further considera
tion, the governor has decided to give
himself the pleasure of opening the
fair, and, furtherihcre, he should
bring two members of his staff with
him.
Sadie had heard of it with great joy;
but it was no news to her, for she had
received a note from her casual friend
at the state house; and this she treas
ured, and slept with it under her pillow
every night.
At last the niginat of the fair came,
and the hall was crowded so there was
scarce space left for the entrance of
the governor and his escort when he
should come. Sadie's father was oie
of them. They had gone to the sta
tion to .meet him.
There was a thrill of expectaney all
through the crowd, and eyes were kept
anxiously at the door.
Sadie edged to the center of the hall,
and clasped and unclasped her hands
nervously. Her cheeks were flushed
and her eyes shone.
The people about the door were
crowding back. Two men. in uniform.
with gold lace, appeared in the door
way. The governor would come next..
A burst cf music from the band.
The people were noving excitedly. But
where was the governor? She looked
in vain for more gold lace. Perhaps.
he would wear a purple robe, such as
kings wore.
Why, there Was the man she had
talked to at the state house. She
gave a happy laugh. Hov nice! He
had come too.
She started forward to meet him. and
he turned toward the eager child, a,
bright smile illuminating his handsome
face. But the crowd held her'back
"Wait till the governor has passed,"
some one said.
"The governor!" She drew a quick
breath. Could he. be the governor?
Why, she had talked to him the same
as if he were any common man. What.
must he think of her? H~e couldn't'be
angry, surely, because he had come.'
Yes, he really -had come, for all the
people were -pointing toward,him and
whispering.
He seemed to be looking toward her.
She shrank back shyly; but his kindly
eyes had. caught sight of the little fig
ure, and he smiled and held out his
hand.
So, unconscious of the throng of
amazed onlooleers, and seeing only his
kindly face, she slipped from her place
and ran to him; and together up the
hail, through the cheering crowd, they
passed-Sadie and the govern'or of
the state, hand in hand.--N. Y. Inde
pendent.________
The Lessonis.Plain.
It has been stated that because of
the low prices at which the farmer can
procure the things he has to buy, he is~
better off despite the fact that he gets
so little for his cotton, but this has
been effectively and convincingly an
swered as follows in the Augusta Chro
nicle: Suppose a farmer's cotton costs
him 5-cents a pound to make it, and he
sells it for 8-cents. He has 3-cents
a pound profit with which to buy his
sugar, coffee, clothing, whoes and other
necessities. Now suppose that, though
is cost him 5-cents to make it, he only
gets 4-cents a pound for it. Instead of
having a balance to spend, he has lost
money on his year's work. Now, what
does it matter to the farmer who has
not made a cent whether sugar, shoes,
household goods, clothing, etc., are
cheaper than they were a few years ago,
if he has nothing with which to buy
them? This is not a fancy sketch, but
is the problem that confronts many a
farmer today. Here is a statement
from an intelligent man in Jefferson
county who keeps books on his farming
operations. It is the experience of a
white tenant.
Rented a 2-horse farm.. ......$ 40.75
Paid for fertilizer...... .... ..50.00
Hire and board of 1 hand. 7.00
Necessary family expenses and'
taxes................64.(0
Necessary farm expenses, gin
ning, bagging, ties, etc.. 38.15
5 289.55
Recived for all products on
farm..............$ 288.37
Balance to loss account... 1.75
This is arather discouraging result of
a year's labor. It does not matter much
to him that sugar, shoes, funiture and
clothing are cheaper than ever before.
Wherewithall has he to buy? It is stated,
by the gentleman who furnished us
these figures that the tenant is a thrifty,
industrious man, and in addition to
laboring himself, two other members of
his family worked on the farm. There
are six in the family to clothe and
shoe, etc., and there were doctor's bills
$7.60 and taxes $2.40. Take these
amounts from the amounts charged to
"necessary family expenses," and one
can judge whether the expenditures of
this family of six persons were extrava
gant or not. When such is the experi
ence of an intelligent, industrious and
ecoomical family, in which every ef'
fort was made to make both ends meet
it is easy to see how much worse it
was with a large percentage who are
shiftless and who kept no amount of
expenditures or cost. It is a bad state
of affairs, and all talk about 4-cent cot
ton not hurting the southern planter is
simply talk and nothing more. In the
abandonmentof cotton to a large extent
and the cultivation of diversified crops,
the southern farmer must look .for re
demption. Cotton must be raised in
the south, of course, and will continue
to be, but the southern planter must
raise his food crops also, and must learn
to prodceottnat less cost.