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PULPIT AND PRESS. DR.TALMA.E TAKES THE PRINTING ART FOR HIS CUBJECT. nxpreusus His Gratnade to God and the Newspaper-Commrmorates tbe Two Thousandth Pub:cru1on c a:s S:m .Ds. An Appeal to Editors. For the first time Dr. Ta ,rge i this discourse tells in v ha~ sermons have con..e to a i ci of pubiieation suca us h- e r any other case been known 'i:c- the art of prinming was in a Nataum ii, 4 "T'e :. sr -- torches; tney shai r I e tce l1't Express, rail train a d teoraphic communicati'n are d, i no foretold, in 'his text. a d ir n t I start to preach a sermo) in ranc ide to G.d and t':e rer o..oer press for the fact that I Lae had 'e cp a- 1 nity of deliviug th-. ugh :he ners paper press 2 CO serm:rs or religici's addreses, so that I Lave fo-r any years been allowed the pri-ilee o? preaching the tospel every we-k o every neighborhood is Chr?st ndom and in many lands cuisie of Chr ist erdom. Mary have wor dered at the process by which it has come to pas and for the first time in pubic place . state the three causes. M ny yeti-s ago a young man who has since be come eminent in his p ,ession w =s studying law in a distant city. H came to me and said that 'or lack of funds he mu-t stop hib s'udyi g un less through stenography I woaic g re him sketches of sermons, that he might by the sale of them secure means for the completion of his ea:: cation. I positively ec'icid, because it seemed to me an impcssibility, but after some months had rassed, and I had reflected upon th great sadness for such a brilliant young ran to b: defeated in his ambition f r the legal prcfession, I undertook to serve him. of course free of charge. Witbin three weeks there came a rE quest fir those stenographic reports from many parts of the continent. Time passed on, and some gentle men of my own profession, eviaently thinking that there was hardly room for them and for myself in this conti nent, began to assail me, and became so violent in their assault that the chief newspapers of America pu spec W1 correspondents in my church Sab bath by Sabbath to take down such reply as I might make. I never made reply, except once for about threek minutes, but those correspondents could not waste their tizeand so they telegraphed the sermons to their par ticular papers. A ier awhile Dr. Louis Klopsch of New York systematized the work into a syndicate until! through that and other syndicates he has put the discourses week 'y week' before more than 20.000,000 people on both sides the sea. There have been so many guesses on this subject. many of them inaccurate, that I now tell the true story. I have not improved the opportunity as I ought, but I feel that the time has come when as a mat.er of common justice to the :iewspiper press I should make this statement in a sermon commemorative of the two thousandth full publication of s. mons and religious addresses, saying nothing oi fragmentary reports,whichi would run up into many thousands1 There was one incident that I mrjiht mention in this connection, showing how an insignificant event might in-I fiunoe us for a Aife time. Many ye are ago on aSabbath moorning on my way to church in Brooklyn a representa tive of a promnent newspap:er met. me and said, "Are you going to pie us any points today?" I said, "What do you mean by points?" He rephied. "Anything we can remember." I said to myself, "We ought to be mak ing 'points' all the time in our pulpits and not deal in platitudes and inani ties." That one interrogation put to me that morning started in me the desire of making points all the time and nothiing but points. And now how can I more appropri ately commemorate the two thous andth publication than by speakir g of the newspaper press as an ally of teppit and mentioning some of the trals' of newspaper men? The newspaper is the great educatorI of the nineteenth century. There is no force compared with it. It is bvak, pulpit, platform, forum, all in one. And there is not an intem est, r-ehgiou~s literary, commercial, scienatiac, agri cultural or mecuanical-that is not within its grasp. All our churches and schools and colleges and asyliums and art galleries feel the quaking ofI the printing press. The institution of newspapers arose in Italy. In Venice the first naewspa per was published, and monthly, dar ing the time Venice was warring against Solyman 11 in Dalmasia, it was printed for the purpose of giving military and commercial informationi to the Venetians. The first newspaper published in England was in 1588 and calld The English Mercury. Who can esimate the political, scientific, commercial and religious revolutions roused up in England for many years past by the press? The first attempt at this institution in France was in 1631, by a physician, who published The Ne-s, for the amusement and health of his patients. The French nation understood f al:y how to appreciate this power. SJ earlyi as in 1820 thei-e were in. Paris 169 jtournals. But in the United States the newspaper has come to unlimited sway. Though in 1775 there were but 37 in the whole country, the number of published journals is now counted by thousands, and today-:-we may as well acknowledge it as not-the reli gious and secular newspapers are the great educators of the country. But, alas, through what struggle the newspaper has come to its present de velopment. Just as soon as it began to demonstrate its power superstition and tyranny shackled it. There is nothing that despotismn so much fears and hates as the printing press. A great writer in the south of Earope declared that the king of Nap:es had made .it unnae for hitn to writ~e o any subject save natural history. Austria could not bear Kussuth's jimr nalistic pen pleading for the 2edeep. tion of Hungary. Napoleon I, wani. ing to keep his iron heel on the neck of nations, said that the new~spaper was the regent of kings and the only safe place to keep an editor was la. prison. Bai the great bat le for the freedom cf the press was fought in theI courtrooms o. England and tae ULIea States before Alis cenury began, s.he .i Hamilton made his gre:ot speech in behalf of the freedom of J. Peter Z m ger's Gazette in Amri~ arA Erskine made his great see i: .e half of the 'reedom to yilsia h'an. "Rights of Man" in E.:;ard. Th-:: were the Marathon and tnme Thermc pyia where the bat:e wa foo I which decided the frezedomn ofit. press in England ard A~eerica. a: all the powers of eairch and heil wi. never again be able to put up~ca :a prinming press the banacuLS and the hopples of poiit:cal despetismr. I find no difficulty ic. accourntmu for the world-a adva--ce. Wnat has made the change1 "Bcks "ou s;. No, sir I The vest majxity of cit~zens do not read books. hkr this audi ence oras- cthr; t-cisc ass~e. thie raid? How -1v r-. E on .-,orate Lm c 'b'oks of trave'? I Ui Stares 'to. ud -a a: oe such < N'wa r tch ir.dividuai. C- rac . k a icut all ibe'res, see" 1'u, ttis cquairtauce wit cA cce a_ d art, this power to aca te beatif'i and franc'? Sxt t te B e, he newUWosper, s : ift ;3uged and every '.he?:- pre--nr ti ngver the f rce, sbeved ur3 r t e doar, tssed n e ciunti h,,use, ' .id ou the w:.kbech c', h a :ki :1? it ro~ugh the cmr! All r. d it hitn d e blaa, G r .a Iri--m Sizss, Span ard, an-"ica:-, o:d a c vcu^g, good and b-', s ck snd -l. 3tr- orca. w' ad -r tea. Mon day norai-, Saturday r ian. S fd nd re t( . Iro- e tht I Co ns'idrt'w iie es :p or t. b. thne' girataege; --by whi the go :elc to b- preech, ,ie.cecnct opprtDsio C ' , Ci m - d. t'eyo1 raied, bv rjc GcO glorlf'd. I eclar e t e ner g p,?:ress a.': se y u }ray .ie vo'ie o f the L; ai tightys .rc d a : d n' tios o the ea- ' Lz::rus, co:.e forM' atd to tL.e retrs ir e aroES o;f darkness, 'Lthere b-. ' I. l many of our ci v rne "*n pes pr;{ s:inf no more than seci r ii fr-a-ion, there have aove re dur'g tae pas 30 years sn the gr adest aupe ls in ben.lf of reli ion a.d some of the most effec iive itetrrtretatio-s of God's govern men, amnoLg the natbis. There are only two kinds of news papers-the one gozed, very good, the other bad, very bai A newspaper may be started with en undtcided I character, but after it has been going on for years everybody finds out just what it is, atd i- is very good or ,t :s very good. or it is very cad. The one paper is the embodiment of news, the ally of virtue. th' foe of crime, the defectation of elevated taste, the mightiest agency on earth for making the world better. The other paper is brigand anong moral forces; it is a beslimrer of reputation, it is the right arm of death and hell, it is the mightiest agency in the universe for making the world woree and battling against the cause of God, the one an angel of intelligence and mercy the other a fieLd of darkness. Between this archangel and this fury to be fought the great battle which is To decide the fate:of the -'-orld. if you have any doubt as to whic'i is to be victor, ask the prcphecies, a- t: God; the chief batteries with which he would vindi cate the right, and thunder down the wrong are now unlimbered. The great Armageddon of the nations is not to be fought with swords, but with steel pens: :ot wiih bullets, but with ty ce; not with cannon, but withI ightutng perfectinz presses, and the Sumters, and the Moalitries, and tn. Pulaskis, and t 2e Gibralta:s of that connfict will be the editorial and re porortal rooms of our great newspa per establishments. Mer of the press, God has put a more stupendcus re sposibility upon you than upon any other class of persons. What lcng strides your profession has made ia ;nfluence and power since the day wer Peter Sheffer invented cm :uetl type, and becaause two books were found just alike they were as cribed so the work of the devil, and boc.as we-t" p:in ed oi stin. of barc boo, and Rev. Jesse Glover originated the first American pri?nting press, a'~d the e.mm~?on courncil of New~ YoA., in solemn resoilu ion. cif d $200 to any printer who would come there and Aive,:and when the spraker of thle hzuse of paria~me 't in Engl&Ad :nnounced with indigaation tna; the oublic prints had recngnized-some of their dons and until irs this day when we have in this country many newspepers sending out cipies by the tillion, The press and the telegraph have gore do~vn into the same great harvest field to reap, and the ielegrapti says to the newsparer, 'Tll rake, while you bind,"and the iron teetnt o the telegrap.. are set down at one end of the harvest find an d drawn clean cross, and toe newspaper gather up the sheaves, setting down one sheaf on the bresakfast table in the share of a morning n-ewspaper, and putting down an~orlher shear on the tea tabie in the snaps3 of an evening newspaper and that man that neither takes nor reads a newpaper would be a curiosi ty. What vast progress since tha da ys wren Cairdinal Wolsey declared that either the printing press must go down. or the church of God must go down to this time, when the printing press and the pulait are in hundreds "f glorious combination and alliance. One nf the great tri-ds of this news paper professicn is the fact that they are compelled to see more of the sham e th world than any other pro'es sion. 'Ihrough every newspaper office day by dia:., go the weakness of the~ wrlE, the vanities that want to be used, th-e revenges t bat want to be 'reaked, all the mistates that want to be corrected, all the dull speakers who want to be thought eloquent, all the meanness wants to get its wares noticed gratis in the editorial colums' in order to save the tax of the adver tising column, all the men who want to be set right who never was right, al the crack brained phphers, with story as long as their hair and as gloomy as th.eir flager nail, all the itinerant bores wno come to star five minutes and stop an hour. From the editorial and renortorial rooms all the follies and shams of the world are seen day by day, and the temptation is to believe neither in God, man, nor woman. It is no surprise to me that i:. your profession there are some skeptical men. I only wonder tnat you believe anything. Unless an editor or a reporter has in his pre:*n: or in his early home a model of earn est charac;- r, or he throw himself upon the upholding grace of God, he may make temnporal and eternal ship wreck: Another great trial of the newspa~per profession is inadequite comnpeneatioa Since t he days tnf Ba zli.t and Saeric an ad John Milto'i and the waiiings of Gu street, London, literary toil, with very few exetions. has not be en poperiy rcqwaed. When 0:iv Gosinith roe?ived a friend in hi: house, he (the author) had to sit . th wida b eca.uw there was (a e cair. Linnaeus sold nis spled .d wok for a ducat. De Foe, thie authr of so -many volumnes, died pe-- iles yhe learned Joh?ns-n diced 'oe ind I scren because b5 Clot.es wer to shaoy to allow himn to dine .ith th2 a -ztnmen who, on :he .ner d o. naere-n, re;ped~r i w crks And so on down to twe pres at tie ierary 'oil is a gr-at stul for brad .e wol s--ms a ae cdg a aJ.st a man -vho, as tu s.y, ut his li ving oy his wits. and the dy laborzr sa4ys to the .uan et *tr t-vt", "Yext cam' downtmers a '.seo oe a laedar amm~ Canoe t d bre'a.k coobl.3sto'"-s and e'an g oein idens :enbli''2! a 311 i e a a te e~v-opyer .et p'qiel ih sc'-mr-. It is not a. m5 r f r :s; it is ch'ar'eter sC :5 a~ .im. Me ave ' bAe 7e -steuach than' fo- : .a -hin ap p l to" he bain The have 0oie ofmual cxa in noia the 1tel e presa. Oh. man of the pi'ss, it will a -Es. -el- to rte., w' '.?l :cu get home lato at nig:c, fi-xzed out rnd T.erveU: with your y on. uld jd st .^'-a 1 do en an" e r'Vnn' d 'our case t God. who his watc - d all the fat.u of t. d-y and the o t. andl - 1ho h},s prnixed to be y ur Go . ar.d the G.>t of your ebil dren fover Arother .re trial -' the nwsp i-r pr e-0! is the diseased aopi'e for "n lthy int"Preic. You tee "ssp per press for 'iviu ica pr)- cet to mrers a nd s -)oD ve_, soor :se that so ao mer.: w 'u CI gve prominence iti' 1-1 i did not de n r tLm I I () into t-.e meat :ear.e. city, atd I find that the s i--g up oni the m7' con s'c'uu" h'ok rat. -ral is ininted, "'iie the meat tiatis fresh ar. savni'y ;-U: awas -without any specia; c.te. I con e t, tye conclusir that ;e i7m ,"a' that city Jov, taiii'ed n-.-. Y u k ow ve"v well ;ast i' the lrest man of peCple in thisey nutry r.ld o a r.sp iper and t'-.e 'e i: it o runaway mats'.s, no brc;nen up farni lis, to dcarnation of inea it hih wsinen, they prcnou-ce that patper ir/p~d. Thet gay, '"I is shocking duli.torigh:." I helitve it is one of .he trials of the owsp-' " rers t the e..ple of th s c u-:.rv cdemnu nural slu:h instead of besthy sr-d in te'cctual f "oJ. N , you are a re so cab'e mn an im elli. ent ',' r:' a paper comas into your hatL Ylu open it, and there are thr e cal um2" s o' spilen idly iiriiten editorial. recommendi g some moial s'u i-nect r evolviL so:Le scie .ifiu t :"ory. n the next column there is a miserabl-. c'tempi'! divorce ca P. Whih tdo you read first? You dip into tre eii torial long en ugh t> say, "WeHll. that's ver; ably written," and you read the divorc, cas' ;r:a the Lin;~ p;rimer" type at the t p to the "n pareil" type a- tne bo:tom, and rhe o :u ask your wife if she has read it! 0 , it. is e ny a case of supply and dc ar d: Newspapr men are not fools. Tney know what you want, and they give it to you. I believe t tit if the church and the world brought nothing but pure. honest, healthful newspapers nothing but .ure, honest and health ful newspape'rs would be published. [1 you .hould gather all the editors and the reporters of til:s country in one great convention, and ask of them what 'ird of a paper they would pr: fer toptubiish, I believe they would unanimously say, "We would prefer to puilish an elevating paper." So long as there is an iniquitous demand thece will be an iniquitous supply. I make no apology for a debauched rewsptper, but I am saying the e things in order to divide the responsi bility between those who print and these rho read. Another trial of this profession is the fact no one seems to c.are for their souls. They feel bitterly about it, though they Jauzh. People sometimes lauzu tie kudest when they feel the wor:t, Ti'y are exoeosed to g.th r up reiigious proceedings and to cas cass religious dcctrines in the ediIral columus, but who expects them t> be saved by t:ie sermo-s :hey stetr:ograv or by to2 acctrines they dise ss i. tat editorial col mins? The erldl os upon them as pro'essi 'l. Wi pLachSes to reporters and edi rs? ~Sme or inen came from rel1^us homes, and when they left the pairen tl r'oof, wheee renard or disr garded, they es me off with a fte' eedction and a mother's prayer Prey never think of those good old times but tears come into the~ir eye , and they more through these great cties home.3ick. Oh, if they only knew what a helpful thing it is for a nan to put his weary head duwn on the bosom of a symipalihetic Ohriet! He knows how nervous and tired you are He has a beart large enough to take in all 'your interests for this world and the next. Oh, men of the r.two paper press you sometimes get siek of this world, it seems so hollow and un satsfy ing! If there are any people in al tae earth that need God, you are the men, and you shall have him if only this day you implore his mercy. A man was found at the foot of aal street, New York. As they picked him up from the water anc brought him to th? n orgue they sa's b-r the contour of his f.orehead tha'. he bad mental capacity. He had enterc d the newspiper profession. He had gone do vn in health. He took to ariicial s'imutlas. He went do va further and further, '.ntil the summ'e day, hot aud huugry and sick and it depi-, he flung himself off the dock They found in his pocket a reporter's pd, a lead ptncil, a photograh of some one who had loved him long ao Death, as sometimes it, will, smothed out all the wrinkles thait had gatbered prematurely on his brow, aud as he lay there his face was as fair as when, seven years before, he left his country home and they bde him good by forever. The world Ioked through the window of the morue anid .wd "L's nothing~ bu. an outca,~ t," but God said it ws a gi gantic soul that prm'ished because the wold gave h in no chince Let me ask all men connected with the printing press that they neio us more and mnore in th' eff .rLtO t- mke the world better. I charge you in the name of Gad, bkfore whom you must account for the treme adous in fiance you hold in this country, to consecrate vourselves to higher e deavors. You are the meni to fight back this invasion of corrupt litera ture. Lift up your riemht hand ann swear ne v aile;:iance to th3 cause oi philanthropy and religion. And when at last, standing ou the plains of judgment, you look out. upon the un.u iberd throngs over whom you have had infiaimee, may it be found iat you were amorng tne mrightie.=t enermls that ltfted men upon the ex alted oain way that leads to the re nown o~f i eaven. Better than to hav sat in ,.dimrial ch~tr, from which, 3e destinies of emir.s oii deciied The:n? wrong. thait u hard te~n 'nme dueened exle,- sno. uy t light of wi de w ir'n Lrea'ed, en scraps of a New Ts.amet~t leA' p i d. no from th emo soelle o- the :trry uf hemt wro ia~ta n&aw t e ssef ;'crld In e':;i~y Di7Cs is tthet bgr ,d p:-o f red' a d tu~i an i.Whiat thn Our hfe a -'o'. O'r years r1e .e chap rs. Oar mo s "r )e pra rauh. ~ re the iterrogation ' po'-ss Uar e pern -ton. 0 God, wh.ere ,w wi es,-e simg ina an .y sfou .d3 a t j a~s f tae Ja i sx :es t1.ia you. .r e r a mC v, the' gl-d * si .. .as eter anose.~.c, coini i as daIrain th taLro~i of' (d, *1 *rin co'r~ers 1emiu f' ra :te ei gp aThe e Ca hJeA earius se ncL '0 (.h is o .rs a * sct. i C t i le waV"' 0rac:. ?Two Tnousand a" ablion, I wsh more fully to acu~e h s.rvces r:'ndered by LIhe &Uclard pr.:s the scualir nespap-r: 0- the dav for I Pm ,,rt sOPakirA this morning of the reti ious ne .-srp's-alt the secu ar ne so-cers o ,Ya dav d scas; all the q'jstios oS a GT d e "rnity and the a ad and sri ihr q'u:stin, of the past, iresenit ar d futur- There is ro a sir. & doc 1- of thealery but has ben disass-d in the last ten years by the cular : ^-ioers of the country; they gather up all the news of all tie eart h earig on religious subjects. _"ad =h, Chrictter the rs agraad :aga s. Thue Car: tia~n r:ew=spio'r will be he ahtwint, of t19 V.) ^::lv ': a'gel. T:e yliner o I the - ne)in t r T 'rs ill b thi e f;:1m e of the d d'c r. I take m it dimi:uendo-I myre i cres codo A pas .r on~ a Sabo9tn pre .. to a few h undrd or a e v thou Sdecle, and on A nday or dur ; .ig ih- y-aP tae priuting press wil Tara tt' san-' sirmin ard preach it to miy lia s .. -eple G d sneed the p tin: pes! t. d sare the priet W.hen I see h pri inn prss'and in7 wi it t;-e e:ectric 'ri^ra on the one s'.d -atheri g up a'eriai and the - .'t r.i - ex r s traia oi. - other ~ ~ f si.-atcefr the, tot s Of folded sheets of r.ee-: apors, I oru ounce it the mi htiest ro-ce in our ciIizstior. o I c.nend y.u to pray for all 'those 'o rae the ne- spap:asof th p o i n d , -or l ' ty pese ttrs for al ed;;rs, f .r all publishers, tna. ititg or stauding ia p >sitiotis of such trea: iaflence, t-e, y iv, ar tha. i - 'iL ce 'or and he bete-me tt of vIe huma n r:e^ An aged woman raski he- iivin by k uting un we: al the yarn fr: rn the :a! until she found in the cexnrr of the tall there was an od piece of newsp peer. Siu isop ~ei and red an :aa nS : which anncu.ced that she =ad bP c rne heir3s to .. large pr p rty at d that irL(- t U' a neCwspOpP' litad her up froml n snp:rtsm t -fil-. c. And I do not know bu' as de thr, ai of time u:tralls a: d un winds a lit ie farthe r through th e silent yet speck ir.g newspaper may be found the vast inherita&ce of the world's redemption. Jesus shall reign where'er the sun Does his successive journeys run, His kingdom stretch from shore to shore Till suns shall rise and set no more. A TERRIBLE TRAGEDY. A FATAL FR= IN C-1AR:.ESTON SAT URDAY MORN;NG. Nine Parsons Burnt d to Death in a Tene ment Fire.-They Perished Pelcre the Brr:ve Firemen Cnuld Reach Them-The Names of the Dead. Nine lives w.re lost in a fearful fire wh'ch raged for a short while in Church street, Charles.n, Saturday zr ornin'. At 2:10 ;'clock a p-ice an on duty noticed big spr.rks fiv'ng rz t? -ecerment hz use at No 160 Church s'reet. Tre afficer found 1hatt a bl ize ;as ixtuirg frmn ore of re windows on th' first floor. The doors were trzko op-en anu the farti iy en that lor -cre rushed out with o'.it oama e. Sneb.:dy yelled that a arrily of wo'Na :are asle-p on t".e third fbior. I'se p;lice rushed up ~tairs acd when they reaci ed tme 'Oo story the life syrie wrk was stopped by the flames. w".ich semed to b: I la ing over the entire buildi g S~reams fro o dying women we:. neard arnd Officer Bagby risbed in 'a d pulled out three chamrd bjdi.s. Thc quick wo-k of tus fire cdepmmite1 t c'eck- d vie fi.e arad it was soon un d.r c Iatrol, but not u'mi) the lives on tne third s'o y had bten lost. The dea&d are: Mrs. R 'iecca Knaickmneyer. Alber. O'Neal. Cas wel ONmal. Joseptiine K aicameyer, 17 y ears of age. K'atie Knicis-meyer. 16 years. Lerora K iekra.-yer, 9 years. .Franicie K Kick'ee-r, 6 years. m- nth old. Mrs. K' ickmeyer is the wife of T eod ore- E Knickmever, a carnenter. Lillie Kaickmeser, 3 y ears old. Gting R'ady for War. The Washiogton correspondent of the Attafra Jt.urnal says there is now uot the slghtesi dcuot that the pre-si dent, th-- acretary of the navy and toe I hur mern b-rs of the cabinet believe that the Mine was blown up by ~reachery, if 'dot by acrtal design arid contrivauce of junior Spaisn cffizers. The examinationis niow being con ducted may finail? reveal circumfl stance-s that may change their opiu ions, but the fact taa; they do niot think that any ace:deat oacurred on the Line, is beyoad questioni. Pri vale~ letters are coming to c ffi~ers in the navy utpartmeint f omn thetir tellow cfficrs of the Maine, and these suab statiate the theory held here from the first tniat the Maine was blown out of thle water by Spanisn officers. War oreparauocus coinitiue to os in active progre~ss here. Tne exlects in tie state d-partm-rnt rno longer attemngt Lo c~nceai tae fact that they are basil) enlgaged in tiuring up an indenmaity. T~ne urencenat feels that the Ameurican seop e cfanot be held ina restraint aaiy lo:.ger ih au tae investigation requires. and thaL the governmer.~ must te pre pe'rezt to mi:.e instaat a..maas on the Spanisn gv--rnrnt as sooa as it is conclusively shora that tue Main eas act blown up by accidernt. Tnis in demnity sili be~ Dx:L, I learn today, at about $13, 000,000.. This wijl be ful lo'.ved up by a damautd for instunt payme:., ivaich dem~ind it is believ.Ed here will be ruf-ised by Spain, It is in aun~cipaiou of this conuingency that tth. g o irnment is ke.:ping paces w~ith toe Sp aisa govermi.zet in pieparing for wur. A kaper Trust. The prinz'ra. paper anufactu-ers of tae Ln~eld S'aes navei forr- d i.'o a Iust, wit $55,000L;00 ca p:t: i'ner tu' ose is~ > ma2.)opimz: ne Soir n . e .xanaax of n' iew .U (in00, . &t ye. Ta r an s It mti in .Cs, S a t..~ mii a' . inace isi ine pnri.d T5l is C cospi:ey to dax I 0 -led . i os my ti.>ule upora uai co to b' .kmalimnni e cei if LUn irunat? t .e %a -if ues airtth Car diaai and otr foreign com e. e~o e f p-"m oad age. uuaz :ar' a cte conspray> IDo' T Do mT- FMr-s.-The farm e~s us - 1 di an a greatis thl y ail thi Pe-toi cre'ase th i -r vi.io:ce p Tce piceofaa ind o pr..v;-i as -iJ trdi ainvane n e - u0, '~ ci 11 has on hau si. s arey tn.nt iad aye,.r ao. tui Iree aerea e iu- cota. Due i~ e p- asyr :tci mfo e a.;'tua1 ai oc atma - .n : p o risio,:S. I res ?'ted ia. th' lur~e.t eJJp of c.a SMCT COWN iN Ps HOUSE.: Mr. . W. Huw.rd -.. o Ii,. Uoar at Ngh: and K!led. Saturday nizzht between 7 and 8 o'clcek Mr J W Howard, who lived hout three n~ihs fm'm h:ere on the MoUnt Le annu road, was foully as s nat-d right i i the midst of his fami 1v. hich consisted of a wifeand three ciuildren The circmauces surround n the das'rdly d- d points to one L areu:enurgc-pi lcr, a brother in a v ci H,-ard. as tie assassin. It ss frm th.e t s'irnony brought out b e caro'sj. r ythat on Tues y ," w,Oek -o Hu.er itir went to ter iad cf Hovn and abused him r urd;y. H :ard. not Wishing to have any dfficulty, put Hungerpiller in the road :nd told nim to go about bis i-usiross and let him alone. Hun eera;Uer hf : and in a short time re tur:ed with his ga and threatened to -hoot 3 'ward. As soon as he could " -i >erd got a warrant charging U',r -erpille r vwith assault. H, way ar-st d and brought before MX istrat Brunson, who found him vilty ad seratetc-d him tothe coun ay e g vii ?-ic. A ft-r working oi the chainga::g :eral days Hangerpiller :aid uo his line anid was released on last Tharsday. Wsile in jail Hun gerpil- r was heard to say that as soon ;s he gnt clear he would fix Howard. and it seems shit he has kept his wo d. As wesaid abov ward was a brother in-taw of Hungerpiller, having marri-d ris sisterseveral years ago Howarditd o)nthe place for werly o ned by Hungeroiller's father wnich he had bou.;ht. O the night of thbe as assination Howard was si: tr? d.,-cu :n is nous- win his fa-ni 1; coavers'ng, when i.e heard some o.:- cmre up the steps, and, suspecting no arm, opeced tne door to see who t- visior .s. Immediately he was 1i e:1 oa, the whole load of shot taking iriect in his left breast, completely riddffr g his heart. The shot use.i was No. 4, shot, and the fact thst they did not scatter much shows that the cowardly assassin was very near his victim when the shot was fire0. Hungerpiller was suspici oned at once, and his arrest folio wed. He made a statem-ut at the i. quest to the effect that he was about one hun dred and fifty yards from Howard's house when he saw a flash snd heard the r-port of the gun. He bailed tne people in the house as soon as he could get near enough and askeu what they were cryiuz about, and was told that Howara had been shot. He then ran and told his brother, who lived a short distance from the dead man. Hungerdiitr says when thu shot was dred ne saw a _%agoa driving along the roaa about one hundred yards boyond Howard's hcuse, but he did not see any one leave the yard No cne believes Hur:gerpiller's story an:: every one belives him to be the das'a -dly sssassia. Hungerpiller is i. jail, where he will remain un :i nis trial, the verdict of the corc ner's jury havng slid he was the gL cy Lan. The co-roner'i jury was compcsed of the following well-kuo an ci'iz-Lns: Z. E. Gratiing, foreman; J. h.. Car, R. H. Jenaicg , J. T. Parks, W. A. E 1ards, A. J. Inabi a'et, F. A. Ir.abinet, J. H. Pearson, H. B. Collier, a J. Cau-.oa, J. B. Stro man and H. E. Bjsuver. Mr. How ard was a nati re of North Carolina and hd lived in tois cotinty atout eigh; years. He was about forty-five y ears of age, r.nd iwas well thought of by his nei n bors. A numrber of people went out from Orsagebarg to the scene of the mur oer, and never did their eyes fall up on a sadd dr or more gruesome specta cle. Ly ing on the floor, just as he [fell, was the murdered man, his wife prostrated with grief, and a number of children too young to realize the sad situation, were standing around tine dead body gazing upon it in be wilderedi a-aazement. The scene was heart-rending. Tne Orangeburg correspondent of of the Columnbia Rsgister gives the following account of the terrible cricie: La rence, H. Hungerpiller is a youtg ma'~n about 23 years of age, who nas figured in previous diffi cuaties, having shoL a negro severely only a'oout two mon-hs ago. He is regatrded as utterly wortnless, witnout i' incip.e, and dangerous when arous ed. S3ome time lsst su'nmer Howard bo'uabt Hu.'gerp:ller's interest in the oid Haoserpier homestead; but the y'.ung man remained there, making H~oward's mis home. About a month aao Howard told him that he must either go to wark or move nis lodging. Tais incensed H~ungerpiLner, who swore vengeance against Howard, even goiug wita his gun to Howara's difcd ozy a fe v dsys ago and there i reatened to kill him but did not. List ightI the poor man was called * .m his house and brutally shot down line a dog. Hungerpiller's own story convinced the coroner's jury of his own gudlt. He admitted seig out with his gun inte Saturday atiernoon, out eauiu he was hu-atiig birds. It was finally pumped Iro-.n hun that he had only so sueils wah? him a rather small sup pily otamnuniunu for the sport of bird iuning. He said ne was coming alon tne ruad near Howard's anid saw a fi.nh and immeaiately heard tile re purt of a gun. He neard his mother an~d sist~r acreaming and, tnough ne was atmned, ne only "walked briskly" towa.rds thiem. Upon nis arrival his mother told him tbe trouble, and he went on to tell his brotner-, dama Hun gerpiller, taking his gun with nim and leavtug it at his orother's as usu al. Just scross the road in front of the mu: cered maa's gate is a hols in the .aoiud and a baut of sand beyond. Phe assssin, in escaping, ran icto hin hole, failiag into tae sar~dbank, iaying sne lunpiit of his left Lhand atid on tne i.ther side that of a ham :nerieSss.ot guo. TVnis was the kind duseeronhr itad. Lis hand fit in te iaiprim in t-e satd, and his wide add sas.s ii. thie (racks precisely. Tnere v.e:, Uofner mtinor pomis that aezng-he..e' the evidence against 1us~riier, wL-o is nos confined in jad. - rone= D. E Dakcs conrducted the s'a Dr T. C. Dc'yle performine to p~s moramn txr-niaation. The eaas iiertr..Ld by morei than fo- o 4 -nt. Tinere was intense f Ii. g a-.-inst Ldungerpiler, and ar sa u: lynchiag was indulged' is, bat amiouatti to nothing. It is e i-v-d oy some that Hungerpilier is Lct 0 soundl mind, wfhie otners hold to t e opin in that he is an all-round villian.-Times and Demccrat. A sjcial to tue Vicnes Uam'u and Di.:- M rjrm & West sa ss: D:. W. F.B U a.r United States sanitary -.s- c o- at lltVaa, has sent Mrs B-unner and iheir children here, pre sums bv on account of the uncertain statem of affairs in Havatna. Nothing m )re is known here however, than ne fact matthey nave left Havana and c'me here. A dispatch receive her from liel-f :.i.fors says that a track of ice on thel ::Oan of Fanland broke adrift ina &sow'n s orni a'ad was carried to seal wirn 2U M ~rih-me aand sevmra hoame . THE PIOMOTER. 5 By G. B. Dunham. 0 T n} E(Silla1E of the .Cali fornia C'on solidated Ditch conpacy com -r:ed a. d!am across a mountain st ream. .tMor:age reservoir. a canal several mi C'les nlengt h curving around ihe base of :. o-ranite butt. and farmers galcre upon. the subjaenti plain. The con pany was capitalized at. S1.000,004). and soi: assets eonsist4ed of articles of in corporation. otice furniture, and a pro moyt er. This umya. seem a high inventory V:Liue or a promoter, but a good one is worth it. and this man certainly had his work cut out for hin-.. With an enmpty treasury. it. became necessary to reverse the rule obtaining in similar engineering operations ofbe ginning at the head of the works. and to secure tirs.t the land, secondly the set tIers, and lastly the water. The lands included in this proposition were in use as grain fields and sheep ranges, and as such were valued at but a few dol Iars per acre. Withwaterfcr :rrigation, they could be sulbdivided into ten-acre fruit farms and sold for 20-fold their present value. The problem before the nromoter was to buy these lands with out money, to sell them without water, and to get rich from a, commission. of 15 per cent. The company's problem was to build the irrigation works out. of the proceeds of land sales, and to pan for the land later from money received for water tlls- The promoter's instruc tions were Biblical: "What thou hast to do, do quickly." But on long time, sell for cash or good paper. The opera tion was to be equivalent- to kiting checks on a grand scale. If they suc ceeded. they were financiers; if they failed. scamps. "Fail?" quoth the promoter. "Itisn't on the cards. Within two years we shall have every ten-acre tract. sold and im proved; in five years we shall be ship ping fruit by the train load. It is the chance of a lifetime to secure, at nomi 1.d cost, a home in the citrus belt." In one of the hot interior valleys of California, on a still June morning, a vast field of ripe barley spread out on a rol-ling plain, at the base of the butte, like a great. copper-colored' blanket. It was as though the towering mountain had risen suddenly from sleep and flung aside hs covering. A harvesting ma chine. itself well proportioned to the largeness of the task, moved slowly along the margin of the grain field, un raveling the blanket in strips 20 feet wide. This modern evolution of the sickleandtheflail cutthegrain.thresed it, put it into sacks, and scattered the straw. Forty mules, eight abreast, tugged and sweated at their task as they dragged the machine upon the long slope. A cloud of protesting locusts in. front, a. dust and chaff cloud followi-ng -these with the four mien of the crew were all the life and all the movement within the prospect. "This is a fine morning-I don't think," said the man at the water-butt,: putting his head into a bucketful. 'Is that brceze never a,-coining? I've seen the sand-augers down the valley for an hour." "Hand me up a can of that stuff and don't get impatient," replied the driver. -"It is only about ten o'clock. You'll have a chance t~o sizzle for an houryet." The machine groaned and lumbered along' to the next corner, where ab.alt gave the kicker a chance to resume: "Say, is this place actually hotter than every other place?" "Oh, I don't know," was the -re jo inder; "but I know you wil'1 think so wherever you happenm to be, in this world or the next onre." "No wonder the old man has sold this ranch for jrast about money enough to oil the machine one season." "What do you mean? I heard eight dollars an acre." "He told me himself that he got only S100 cash and gave two years' time. I reckon he will get the land back. He sold it twice before." "If he does get the land again he'll be out two crops of grain," persisted the. kicker. "Much y-ou know about it," said the driver. "I tell you the old man is a weather sharp. He figures on a couple of dry seasons after this big crop. He will save his seed and rest up the land. get a small payment or two from these fellows, and in about three years we will be cutting him the big gest crop he ever raised, with the mules a-sweating anid you a-kicking at every corner, just like now." "What's the lay, anyhow?" asked the oiler. "'Why, haven't you heard about it?" said the driver; "the game is a big ditch around the side of that butte, and another garden of Eden blossoming ut, right, here where we are standing!" "O! said the oiler. "Oh, the deuce!'' said the kicker. The, promoter wvent to a big eastern ity and opened' an office on a busy treet. Conspicuous signs announced heap and fertile irrigated lands in the golden west. Few in the passing rowds noticed, but many saw, the win ows dressed with tempting fruits. Some entered. the office. Baxter street methods are not available in the real estate business, but once inside his oors our promoter asked odds of no ealer and.' rarely failed of .interesting nd convincing those who -crossed his threshold. His forte was fran-nes. : plump and healthy-looking-man, with othing sinister about him except a abit of looking out at his customers from under half-closed eyelids, he re eved them without. efft'sion and >pened upon them in this manner: "Fruits in the window raised on our ands? Certainlyvnot. Our lands have no improvements whatever upon them. That's why' we offer them. so cheap 150O per acre,.and half on time. But ook at this map. Right. here is our ronerty. Just. seven miles north is 1ighgrove, the famous orange colony; hese specimens were grown there. and wvorth $1,500 an acre. Ten miles est of us is Colside-finest decidruous and, except. ours, in the state. These herries anid apricots grew there. Come~ in next week and see the early peniches from that section. We combine the: idvantaires of both these communities.. Lvcl, fertile latnd pure mountain rr We cain raise anything on eairthm. Xby h'as our tract not beetn irnproved iefore" ? ecause it takes large capital in br'ing the wvater to it. We are capi azdat one million and can get more o ce need it. Ihere, take a copy of our r:-pet uis-a nd, hold ou, just. ill your 'eket w.ith fruit, and when ou get :m tel your wife of this chance wve re otTering people- to secure a homte uda pr'oitable btusiness in the fran >et of California at a nominal. cost e raise the price to S:200 per acre next nionth. If you buy before you start ou get One- half your transuortation A mong many who heard. -ths aSire n. ontig was ai young drmg clerk. lately narried, who was looking about- tor on:thing batter than the living af ~orded, by his present ex- ploymtnt. he one night astonded hia v: ife witn the announcement- that he hadbotirlt ten acres of California land and had riven up his pace in the store 1o g. west. She cried a little'-wcmen are so deficient in enterprise. so fearful of the new and untried-but early autumn saw the plan carried out. It was in the month of September Ihat. Fred Fisher and his wife first saw their California fruit farm. They were ainr the first arrivalsin the new colaoUy. ani the bi; field of tubble still had few other settlers than the wary jaehrahbit and the whistiing quail. A row of w hite flags on laths { showed the line of survev for a canal. and parallel intersecting furrows at regu:ar intervals indicated the streets and avenues. By the aid of the map furnished purchasers our clerk identi fied the "choice" selection which he had made, and knew so little of the re quirements of irrigation that. h:e was rather pleased to find it upon a litrie knoll. Busy days followed: the cabin which was to serve as a dwelling until a more pretentious house should be built from the profits of the orchard was soon put up and occupied. Many otiur new comers were building near them. "When I get o'er my Homesickness It shall like this. Fred," said the wife one day: "that, is. if we can make a living here." "There are twenty ways of doing that," he answered: "and the man said the orchard would be productive in three years." "But the water?' she questioned. "Oh, 'the superintendent is sure the canal will he finished before ::ext sprint*, and he says teat I can have work with the construction force all winter." Two years later the bubble had burst and the canal company was hopeless vinsolvent. It had furnished much work and little pay to Fred and to a hundred other settlers, as unsophisticated as he. I The canal was in-complete: not a drop - of water had ever reached the parched soil upon the little knoll they called their home. Even the customary rainy season had failed them, and the effort to raise a crop of grai: apon their small holding had resulted only in loss of la bor and of seed. The wife had been hopeful and helpful until the baby came to -the cabin for a little time and thence to a. neighboring cemetery. Now she was very ill, and Fred was impover ished. The old farmer had foreclosed on his blanket -mortgage, and already with his gang plows was restoring the big field to its former aspect. The cabins that dotted it .here and there. if not re moved by the settlers. were torn down when the plows reached them, and only ragged board piles and mounds of earth where cellars had been, dug marked their former sites. Fred took his wife to a hospital in the county town and she died there. In a few months the win-terrains will transform all the landscape into fields of living green. Then. out. of the. aban doned colony, the little cellar mounds at, each cabin site will look like sodded graves. Fred is in the Highland asylum. But 'the promoter fares sumptuously every diay.-San Francisco'Argonaut. A 8.ezatioal Story. The Augusta Chronicle says tha' or-te of the most sensational stories that has ever stirred the minds cf the peope of that city developed last Sun day. It is nothing less than the find ing of some writing that indicates that the Highland Park hotel at Aiken was deliberately burned down by some person or persons unknown. The Dhronicle says "the character of the person from whom tbe story w3is earned is too high to allow any sug estion of semaationalism. Indeed, he gentleman, who occupies apromin mt position in Augusta, objected very trongly on this very ground to the tory and his name is withheld for hat very reason. The story is pub lshed not through any alarmist no tions or any wish to be sensational, but because thie thing derives weight Erom thesource whence it comes. The gentleman, about three weeks ago, or *everal days before the hotel burned down, received through the mail a opy of the "Globe" magazine. When Le tore off the wrapper. he was sur prisE d to find it an old number, bear ing date January, 1891, and marke d "sample cony." Thinking that some mistake had been made, he idly turned over the leaves and, finding, them u a cut, he laid the magazine aside. Sun ay, he w'as asked by someone internd ing to leave the city for szmething to read. Ini compliance with this wish he picked up Eeveral magazines, the "lobe" among the numoer. Ooce again he turned the' leaves over ai d a one place, hisatten tion was attracted by sme writing. L->oking again as it he was surprised to read tne following: 'htigtlanid Par-k Hotel will b0 burn ed to th'e groun d on the 6:h de~y of February, 1898. (Skull an d Or oss Bones ) In the corner is a well-eecute d skull and cress-boones, being topped by a has askew on it. In the loo~ri angle formed by the crossing of the bones are tbe letters K. S. G. or K. S.I 4. th last character not being esly deciphered. Six dlt9, like perikds, are on a line with the letters. The handwriting is a man's~ slightlyI back handed and clear and distinct.1 It is correctly punctuated. The cir cumstances surrounding the finding preclude any idea cf the thing havmng been written since th e A ogustan .re ceived it. While such a thing is a pcsibiity, a knowledze of the gentle mnan's household makes it highly im probable. In the back of th-- maga zine in the advertising supple-i "ot, the following written in the same~ hand writing and ink, though in b !d-r characters, to be seen at the head of a page: "Mild Mood, Highlar dP ' k" "State Dispensary, Hutel." This is the startling story. What it may mesn oferts too wide a field fr co jecture. What will be the de velpments remains to be seen. The spaniare1 t..r War. According to a y .cial dispatch fron Madrid, reports received from the United States to the effcrtthat pub lic opinion in thi country - cmn more excited owing to the . ma >ression that the loss of the Maine 1., not due to an accident, are "restirring pap-ier feeling there and the conv-etio~n ts ia creasing in ministerial circ e-. th'h worstut be expec t-d. ' C the special dispatch say s: ''Toe gov ermient has no choice if the t nited States adopts a threatnia~r amrtuoe, for the prospect of war is popular wit:. all parties, and the more excita ble newspapers are already urging the governez.t to take mr-asures to en able Spain to strike- the first and de cisive blow." FICRE-S FOR FAR LERS.-Mr'. N::ill, the well kr~o Nn cotton statistian, of Ne w Orleans, issued a circular last Saturday in which he states that there will be a surplus left over on Sentem ber one next, of over three millicn bales, against a little over one million last year. We hope farmers will stdy these figures before planting heirnext crop Royal makes the food pure, wholesome and dclicious. POWDER Absolutely Pure jOYO EAKINC PoWDER CO., NEW YORK. T7yIDg toDeceive theFerple Mr. Gsje, McKinley's Cleo a.1 )amoc-stic Secretary of the the' rea or is eitrtr a f~ol or a knave. tie tok advantage of an invitation to speak at one of the dnners seo on in coln's birthdsy to again xpl it his naLcid thems. The spetcu wasa decration of the day, the occaion aid the n;,, cry of Lincoln, because Mr. Gage endeavored to shield his efari u, sceme o' birding hs ft-l low count,. men in chaiL s to the gold en char ots of ne money kings, by copa- ag the situation and his poli y with the conditions under Lincoln and the policy of tnat man of the peo ple, who believed in the pe-iple. ?ae Secretary of the Treasury says of the war period: "Louking backward now to the dart peiicd, it is refreshing to remem ber that at the first sale of government bonds, occurring, as it did. after the depressing fact of the first battle of Bull Run, ore hundred and fifty millions of these securities were sub scribed fcr at par and paid for in gold bv tne associaad banks of New York, Philadelphia, and Boston." if this was true it would make a pretty good showing for the banks, -ut it is nct true. Turning to page 152 of a book issued by the Treasury hich contains a full history of every loan from June 4, 1770, to July 17, 161, we find a jaw authorizing wne isue of $250,000,000 bonds and also of $60,000,000 Treasury notes, all of wicn liter were issued in 1862. On page 153, we find this statement: The amount of bonds of this loan. ssutd under the authority of the first section of the act of July 17, 1561, was $50,000,000. and the remainder, amounting to $136,321.350 was issued in cxcrange for 7-30's (Treasury oter), as authorized by tne act of August 5, 1861." So insleaa o' $150,000,000 it was only $50,000,000 that -'was subscribed for at par ant paid for in aold" as stated by the Srotary. Now let us see tat the Treasury says about that par" business. The same page tells the story, and it is neither creditable o the bai-kers nor to Secretary Gage. ere it is $41 661.231 91 is cre dited na s cashb received 'and $5,338,768.09 as icount. These associated bankers of ew York, Phi'adelphia and Boston, o whom the Secretary points with pride, charged thie United States nearly leven per cent discount to advance it a pittance while it wvas in the thrces f revolution. But what of Secretary Gage? Can it be conceived that he is so ignorant, as a bar ker even, of the facts? Is i; ossibie that the Secretary, after his long career as a money lender, did not know these facts? The Eecond edition of the back, 'National Loans of the United States," was issued in 1882. All the facts given above were ~rm'.ed in the census of 1880. No ne can come to but one conclusion which is that Secretary Gage in his lind zeal to serve his masters, delib rastely perverted the facts-in plain Eaglish ied. Rcent New York Election. The Pniladelphia Record, a gold bug organ, says: Much political specuistion has been caused by the unfavoranle result of the aew York tona elections to tne Re publicans, These elections have long been regarded as a barometer togauge the prevailiog popular sentiment not merely in New York, but in other parts of the cour-try. But the D.emo rats will derive uile zenuine comfort from th~ese iudicatiomns of public opin ion so long as tne silver spectre shall .untthir pataway. IL the Demo eats persist in oringing the Caicago platform again to toe foreground all the other aiscontent witu tne R:puoi 1ican party anaO all tile nostilily to Lfle pbean machine, wnether in New York, Pez~savan:a or O iio, will be ap~pressed aon Lie victory will re namn wun taen party ta' stands tor soud wout-y. The R e .rd is taikong nonsense. e would lii~e to know it the Unicago ptatforwi aLa ihe silver gqaestion nas - joCr een as amuen of an nae during oe last six months as it ever was. e would lize to know wnen they have not been ac. issue sirace they were dopted in 1895 at Chicago as tne watchwcrcs of the trus Democracy. L s very plain intrefore that the reverses to see Repubiicaus, of whien oe R'cord speahs, c.>me with the ;ul kuoledge on tae part of the people of Nw York that the Dem..cracy w, is and will uonnte to uc tne chain ins of free silver. IL is all nion sense then to be praung about tne silver spectre It may nlaunt the vis un asu disturb the repose of such gold ours as- the Record, bat the masses of the people are ready to em bace the spectre and make it a reality. Forsifying NsW YarX. The Brooklyn E wie of Saturday pabahcs the *clliavmr: "At Wi t 's Pomnt, pCegt?'ionJ is being tsken o iake the Eat rsver eutrance to Ne w ?yo:L v'.lretlr. A so calied kmsu li, e : terredioes is proj--cteu frm t:,e w m s P,.n, shore acro~~s te chan.el to i7rt schayler. Tee r~e'-es will he ancoer~d so ectse en at it will oe mad imfposwi k fjr a he.ati.e veis:1 to cross th.e te wIthout being blown up. Toe !or'.'o will b. c> nect d n'ish e. i wIr'.t and to make cuby sure tha: tteir p ans camnt be ixus.rasted, .e engietrs have arranged batteries ciea at esch crad of the line, so fat, .n1 case an apparatus wns used. y toe eneamy to sever the conu~tting irs ar d oreak thre circuit tae :orge does culd be exploukd irom ea~ner end of the line. The channel :s al racy protected fro-n Wiiett's Point shore .0 toe cn're of the channel by wo groups chaofnArine smres. E sen r uj ofJt.e sme ca.::sts of 22 tur ets commi g 12'. pou:ais or gia-,t powcer ea. A. 1EUt S:auybr, di eey orvsue WEl-L's Po'..e' con ic rb''ork I.::s seu done. A tor pd'.. nwez- and experimenttag inr wa re"tyc cnmpeted _It :s c-tsered the sito..ge-t magazine on .Lniu a a fSorct~f&on