Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. XII- MANNING, S. c., WEDNESDAY., AUGUS 19J 189. NO._4. FORMALLY NOTIFIE. BRYAN AN SEWALL ACCXPT THE NOMINAT ION. Ucne Without a Paretlo-Twenty Thane and People at Madlon square Garden, New York-The Decuratioun Were Not Elaborate bax In Good Taste. NEw YoRK, August 12.--That the interest of the whole city of New York Was focussed today unu Madison Square Garden where V ui. J. Bryan of Nebraska abd Arthur Sewall of Maine were to e formally iitified of their nomination by the Democratic narty of the offices of President and Vice President of the United States, was proven by the groups of sovereign electors which early as the middle of the afternoon began to cowe under the trees in Madison Square which by 5 o'clock had been reinforced by hun dreds, and at 6 o'clock was multiplied to expectant thousands and before 7 swelled to a straining clamoring army. The Garden had been the stage for other events of the same character, political meetings had been held in its walls without number. Eight years ago'Cleveland had been there notified ohis selection to lead a second time the ampaign .of the Democray, but the speculation attached to all these evejilbad been but shadows compared withthe fierce lighi of curiosity which beat upoathis night. President Cleve Ia&had been a personage familar to NewYork but the younger leader wliq bad'come out from the West to plant his standard in the field cf the enemy, as he called it, and there to open the battle of-his campaign, was only a name in this city. Therefore thnmsetmbly awaited eagerly to dis cover what manner of man he was of -whom they had read so much and what manmer of speech was his which hadsuch power overa great party con Vention. Cn this saltry night the-wide oval of the Garden wasa furnance in which twenty thauand were to suffer a fiery torture for enthusiabm's sake. The glass had been removed from the acre of skylights in the roof and sheets of eenavas hung below. The platform wassmall afair erected at the North tideof thehall in the centre of one of the broad arms of the- oval, hardly more than twelve feet square and draped simply with American flags. The eoorations were simple and not elaborate but in good taste, consisting entrely of the national tricolor. Therads of the clock marked 7 -wien thenistadoors down at the West the arden swung inward and an nmandtheir opening by the inrush ofa yel war cry. Then with a Lda eame4peoqple pouring. through akenance and spreang over tme orlike the uincbamning of a flood of -Men and women swept down e centre of thiball,climbing over -hairs and obstrutions like an infan try charge Nho -or thres 1soheaow shedin soine enthusiast rose in the 'a=ery.and proposed three cheers for 11ih exhortatiun, brought the Ae dahouts. But tbe first real de nstratian ofthe night vas given to ewieof the Presidential candidate. twas 8 o'elock when Mrs. Bryan was s imbing th~steps that led to the Erst- box railed. off at the platform's riht. /She -was on the arm of Hon. .iiam P. St. John, Treasurer of the Democratic National Committee- As Mrs. Bryan swept her ey es across the all they had a weary look and her fae seeme'i very pale. It lighted with a brightamile at the roar wnich swept -across the floor and onward through the galleries. and which grew into a aweling cheer and rose and fell in half a dozen waves. Twice Mrs. Bry an bowed to the right and left and then she was seated. Thre cheer for Mrs Bryan .had not 'nded when the foremost personage or due hour, the Democractic candidate orPresident, -in the midst of a small roup of hischiefsuipporters, appea~red dd pushed through the same door ;ay. The first glimpse was of a black oted, broadsbonldered man, with a tll of manuscript heid at his side, epping with quick light stride up the wart flight of atairs. At his bide and owe over him was the strong fig ur, in gray, of Senator Jones of Arkanas, the chairman of the Demo erstic committee. As the smooth shaven, strong-faced yng taemall from the :.West teod at the front of the platform a dingj was raised And waved just above aim in the..gallery so that its folds 4ept down as a background for his formandmade him the one figure of he whole assemblage. The cheer that bioke forth was of tremendous force. Certainly its re opient had never heard its lke but once before and that other was the < w~rhich followed the close of his ow famous speech before the Lhicago conventioin. The cry was "Bryan I Bryan!" re peated until the great crowd wearied. It was only when he had sat down at the right of the stand that the people took notice of the men who accomi panied him. Foremost among them was Authur ~Sewall, candidate for Vice President. There was Gover or Stone of Missiouri, and the presid 1g officer. fbon. Elliott Danforth, ex Treasurer of the State of New York. There were no vacant chairs in the all when the nominees mounted the platform and all standing space was dlled. Amonig the prominent Demo crats arrayed back of the platform were Senators Blanchard of Louisiana, Gorman of Maryland, Roach of North Dakota, Tillmnan of South Carolina, onressmen Richardson and Mc~il fin of Tennessee, Livingston of Geor gi, Rusk of Maryland, Governor iogg of Texas and many others who had borne parts tn the convention which nominated Mr. Bry an. It was twenty minutes after 8 o'clock when Senator Jones stepped to the front of the box and lifted his hand for order. The response came in the form of calls for Bryan. After a moment the Senator was able to hear limself introduce Mr. D~anforth as the chairman of the meeting. Mr. Dan forth in his turn pounded with a gavel on the rail and in his turn was showered with calls for Bryan. Mr. Danforth's speech was a brief one, a mere formal introduction of Gover nor Stone. Governor Stone read his notification from printed strips but his voice carried almost to the ends of the hall. MR. STONEs SPEi('H. Mr. Stone in opening ex'pressed his *regret that the permanent chairman or ,thae Chicago convention, se?nator White, could not be present to make that the duty had been delegated to him. He spoke feelingly of the long struggle witnin the ranks of the Deun (cratic party which had resulted in the victory of the sil ver men. lie de scribed the victory o)f 1S92 as a victory ou the taritf issue despite the fa<-t that mSany Denocrats e-n thenL believed that the liancial issute was par anutiut. His characterization f the action of the adainistratitan was very severe. "We rejoiced iU MI. Clevel:Lnd electiot he said, anjd contidently expected, as we had a right to. that he would bring the t:r iff question to a :peedy !-ttlemenlt. and strip monopoly of its oppori.tIUy to phiuder the people. But in thisju- expect:ttion we were doomed to disappointuent. lnstead of de voting himself to a prompt and wise solution of the important issue upon whieh he was elected he incontinently thrust it aside and began, almost at the threshold of his almin istration, to exercise the great powers ot hise office to commit the country to a financial system inaugurated by the Republican party and which the Democratic party had time and again condemned in both State and na tional conventions. In the beginning of this attempt the masses of the people, disappoint ed and distressed, looked on in amazement. With absorbing interest and with constantly increasing resentnkent they watched the rapid development of events. As these events passed before them one by one in quick succession, and when they came to understand their full wueanting and effect, resentment turned to wrath and pro test rose into revojlt. Then began within tke Democratic party one of the most remarka ble struggles that have ever occurred in the political history of this country. It was a struggle for mastery between the national admiutration and the great masses of the plain people who constitute the party which created that administration. The prize they fought for was the national convention. That convention was to determine whether the Democratic party should abide by the tra ditions of the fathers and adhere to its an cient faith; whether it should obsequiously abandon the principles of true Demnocracy and become a pliant agent to advance the mercenary ends of an insolent plutocracy. The people won. They won a glorious vie fory. The full significance of their triumph cannot be estimated at a glance. Suppose they had lost, what then? Suppose the Chi cago convention had followed the servile ex ample of the Republican convention, what then? If that had happened what hue would the skies now reveal to the uplifted eyes of the anxious millions? Would the star of hope then have risen luminous to the meri dian or have fallen 'with waaing light upon a clouded horizon' Upon what staff would the toiling millions in field and shop then have rested their tired hands?' What bul wark of defense would have then stood be tween the great industrial and producing classes, who constitute the solid strength and safety of the State, against the combined aggressions of the foreign money changers and the anglicized American millionaires, upon what rock would the defenders of the Constitution, the champions of American ideas and the friends of American institu tions have then anchored their hopes for the future? The paramount question before the country was and is: ShalL this great repub lic confess finaz.cial servitude to England or act independent for itself!" "The voice of the Chicago convention," MW Stone continued, "was the voice of true Democracy, For a leader they chose one of their own, a plain man of the people. lii 'whole life and lifework identify him in sym pathy and interest with thosi who represent - . . industrial- forces--of:the-country: .aiaong them he was born and reared and has lived and wrought all the days of his life. To their .ause 1i has devoted all Lhe splendid po'rers with which God endowed him. He has been their constant and fear lss champion. They know him, they trust him. Suave, yet firm; gentle,.yet dauntless; warm hearted, yet deliberate; confident and selfpased, but without vanityi learned in books and statecraft, but without pedantry or pretence; a superb orator, yet a man of the greatest caution and methods, equipped with large experience in public affairs, true to his convictions, true to himself and false to no man. William J. Bryan is a model American gentleman and a peerless leader of the people. This man is our leader. Un der his banner and guided by his wisdom we will go forth to conquer. I have no doubt of victory. It is- as sure to come as the ris lng of the sun, and it will come like a sun burst scattering the mists, and the nation, exultant and happy, will leap forward like a giant refreshed to that high destiny it .was designed to accomplish. This man will be President. His administration will be a shining epoch in our history, for he will leave behind hita a name made. illustrious by great achievements and by deeds that will embalm him forever in the hearts and memory of his countrymen." Addressing Mr. Bryan, Mr. Stone said: '-Mr. Bryan, 1 esteem it a great honor, as it is most certainly a pleasure, to be made the instrument of informing you, as I now do, that you were nominated for the office of President of the United States by the Demo cratic national convention which assembled at Chicago in July last.- I hand you this formal notice of your nomination accompa nied by a copy of the platform adopted by the convention and upon that platform I have the honor to request your acceptance of the nomination tendered. You are the candidate of the Democratic party, but you are more than that, you are the candidate of all the people, without regard to party, who believe in the purposes your election is in tended to accomplish. This battle must be fought upon grounds high above the level of partisanship. I hope to see you unfurl the flag in the name of America and American manhood. In saying this I but repeat the expressed wish of the convention which nominated you. Do this, and though you will not have millions of money at your com mand, you will have millions of stturdy Americans at your back. Lead on and we will follow. Who will not follow here is un worthy to lead in any cause. Lead on with unfaltering step and may God's blessing at tend you and his omnipotent hand crown you with success." . Turning to the Presidential candi date, who sat at his elbow as lie finish ed his speech with the formal address to Mr. Bryan, the Missouri Governor placed in the Nebraskan's hand a roll of parchment bearing the notification proper. Ten minutes of chaos follow ed. Bryan stood alone at the front of the stage with outstretched hands ask ing for silence, while his audience stood on their chairs cheering fiercely and repeatedly and shouting his natine in chorus. A ftetthree or four minutes of this scene Bryan ~tred of waiting for ant opportunity to speak sang into his chair and the band broke into a patriotic air. Then Mr. Danforth came to the rescue with his gavel and final ly the speech begzun. Talking from railroad trains had told plainly upon the candidate's voice, its huskiness was apparent and it could not begin to fill the ball until he wartmed up to his task. Unlike his Chic-ago speech. Mr. Bryan read his address f romn man uscript. H~e spoke slowly and was interrupted witai volleys of cheers. The following is a synopsts of the great speech delivered by Mr. Bryan: Mr. Cb:;irnman, gentlemen of the costuit mittee andl fellow -itizenl: I shall, att a fu ture day and in a formal letter, accept the nomtinationi which is now tendered by the notification committce an i I sbhll :it that time touch upon theC issues preseuned by the platfortn. It is fittitng, however, that. at thbis time, in the presence of those here usembled. I speak at somne length in regard to the c-am paign nrpau which w.. nre noer enteriner we do not underetiniate the forces arr:iyed r.uLitL Is nor are we unnitidful of the im port!uce Of the struggle in which we are en "'a"'ei: but, relying for success upon the ighltenies4 0f our cas t we shall deft-nd With all p1osible vigor the poit ions takeni IV our party. e are not sirprised that sunt, of our olponents, in tile atence of btiter urtueni, re..ort to :ibusive epithelm bitt I hey may rest a ured that n lanuge, however violett no jinvectives. however vehementi, will lead us to depart a single hair breaditn frot the cour-'e tuirked ilt by the n'ational convenion. The citizen, either punlie or private, who assails the character anl Ties tiou the patriotism of the delegateis a-mi lied In the Chicago con veti on assails thi. character and questions the p:triotismi ut the taillions who have arrayed thimvselves under the b:Lnner there raised. It has been charged by meut:nmding high in business and political circles that our platform is a menac- to private security and public safety; and it has been asserted that those whom I have the honor, for the time being, to represent not, only meditate an at tack upon the rights of property but are the foes of social order and national honor. Thowe who stand upon the Chicigo platform are prepared to make known and to defend every notion which- intluences them, every purpose which animates them, and every hope which inspires theim. They under stand the geniuis of our institutions, they are staunch supporters of t-he form of gov ernteltu under which we live and they build their faith upon foundations laid by the fa thers. Andrew Jackson has stated with ad mirable .ciedn6uess and with an emphasis whidh eanaot be surpassed both in d.uty and spirit. f overnment lie said: "Distitkc*-. tiotrs in society wit.1'always exist under ev ery just gvyernment. Equality of talents. of educatton, u. of wealth ~ cAnnot b -produced by hunimn irstitutions. II the full enjoy ment of the gtCfts f heaven and fruits of su perior industif economy and virtue, every man is equally entitled to protection by law." We yield to none in our devotion to the doctrine just enunciated. Our cam paign has not for its ebject the reconstrue tion of society. We cannot insuie to the vicious the fruits of a virtuous life: we would not invade the home of the provident n or der to supply the wants of the spendth:ift; we don't propose to transfer the rewards of industry to the lap of indolence. Poverty is and will remain the stimulus of endeavor and the compensation for toil. We believe, as asserted in the declaration of indepen dence, that all men are created equal, but that does not mean that all men are or can be equal in possession, in ability-or in merit; it simply means that all shall stand equal before the law and that government officials shall not in making, contrasting or enforcing the law, discriminate between citizens. I assert that property rights, as well as the rights of persons. are safe in the hands of the common people. Abraham Lincoln in his message sent, to Congress in December, IS61, 'said: -'No men living are more wor thy to be trusted than those who toil; none are'less inclined to take or touch aught which they have not honestly earned." I repeat his language with unqualified approv al and join with him in the warning which he adued, namely: --Let ' them beware of surrendering a political power which they already'possess and which power, if sur rendered, will surely be used to close the doors of advancemeut against such as they, and to tix new disabilities and burdens upon them until all of liberty shall be lost." Those who daily follow the injunction: "In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread," are now, as they ever have been, the bul wark of law and order-the source of our nation's greatness in time of peace and its surest' detenders in time of war. 1ut I have only read a part of Jackson's utterance, let me give you his conclusion: 'But when the laws undertake to add to those natural and just advantages artiticial distinctions, to grant titles, gr-atitudes and exclusive privileges; to make the rich rich er, and the potent more powerful; the hum ble members of society-the farmers, me chanics and the day laborers-who have neither the time nor the means of securing like favors for themselves-have a right to comnplain of the injustice of their govern me'nt." Those who support the Chicago platform endorse all of the quotation from Jackson the latter part as well as the form er part. - We are not surprised to tind arrayed agafast us those who,. are beneticiaries of government favoritism-they have read our platform. Nor are we surprised to learn that we must in this campaign -face the hospitality of those wh. find a. pecuniary advantage in advocating the doctrine of non inerference when great aggregations of wealibh are trespassing upon the rights of'in dividua s. We welcome such opposition-it is the 'highest - endorsement which could be bestowed upon us. We are content to have the co-operation of those who desire to have the government administered withoutL fear or favor. It is 'not' the wish of the general public that trusts should spring into exis tence and override the weaker members of society; it is anot the .wish of the general pub' lic that these trusts should destroy competi tion and' then collect such .taxes they will from those who are at their mercy; nor is it the fault'of -the -general public that the in strumentalities of the government have been so often prostituted to purposes of private. gaitg. Those who stand upon the Chicago platform believe that the government should not only avoid wrong doing, but that it should also prevent wron'g doing, and they believe that the law should be enfororced alike against aill enemies of the public weal. They don't excuse petit larceny, but they declare that grania larceny is equally a crime; they defend the occupation of the highwayman who robs the unsuspecting traveler, but they include among the transgressors those who. through the more polite and less hazaardous means of legislation, appropriate to their' own use the proceeds of the toil of' others. Referring to the income tatx plank of the Chicago plattortn Mr. Bryani said: "For a hundred years the Supreme Court of the United States has sustained the prin ciple which underlies the incom'e tax. Some twenty years ago tnis same c:ourt sustained without a dissenting voice an income tax law almost identical with the one recently overthrown. Has not a future cotirt as much right, to return to the judicial prece dents of a cenitury as the present court had to depart fromi? When courts allole rehear ings they admnit that the error is possible; the late decisioni against the incomie tax'was rendered by amajority of' one after a re hearing. While the money question over shadows all the other question in importance I desire it, distitictly understood that I shall ofler no apology for the incone tax planik of the Chicago piatformi. A law which, collects trom some citizens more than their share-of the taxes and col ects from other gitizens less than their share is si'mply an iindirect means of tratnsferring one mrans propertyto anotlier tnatn's pocket. Now let me ask you to consider the part mount question of the campaign--the money question. It. ia scarcely necessary to defend the' irincipi~ of bimetallism. .\o national party during the entire history of the Lni ted Atate has ever declared against it, and no party in this campaign has had the te merity to oppose it. Three piarties-the De muecbatic, P'opoulist atnd Silver patrties-have not only declared for bimetllhismi, but have outlitned thieir specific legislation necessary to restore silver to its ancient position by t he side of' gold. The lepublican plat form ex pressly declares that biumetallisni is desirabile when it pledges the liepublican party to aid in securing it as soon as the :isistance of certain for-eign nations cani be ob tained. 'hose who represented the minority -senti ment itn the Chicago conivention opposed the free coinaige of silver by the L'iuted States by indepenpent :'ction on thie gr ound, that in their' jugmuent, it "would retard or en tirely prevent the establishment of interna tionat himetallism to which the e.ffortsi of the When they as-erted that lie ettorts of tie governmint should be sleadily directed Io ward the estiblishinent of' international bi metallist they condemned mionometallisIt. The 1old standard has been weighed in the bdaltice and found wanting. Take from it tihe powertul support of the mioney-owning and the noniey-changing classes and it cannot l'td for one day in any nation in the world. It was faLtenied upon the Ulit'd Stated with out dise sion lfore t.- peuople, and its friends have never yet bwen willing to ri-k a vertdiet tl'fore th+ - vters upon that i"ue. There call be no -yimpathy or co-operation between the at vocate; of % ulniversal gold -taudard and the advocateis Of himetallisuii. Bet ween biietallism- whether independent iir international--aud the goil standard there is an impassible gulf. k this tuadren ii:aL agitation in favor of international bi metallism conducted in good faith, or. do our opponents really desire to maintain the gold standard permanently. Are they willing to confess the superiority of a double standard when joined in ly the leading natiois of the world or do they still insist. that gold is the only nietl suitable for standard money Among civilized nation : If they are in fact desirous of securing himetallisni we may ex pect, them to point out the evils of a gold tandard and defeud bimetallism as a sys tem. If. on tle other hand, they are bend ing their energies toward the perianent es tablishmlent of a gobl1 standard under cover of a declaration in fIvor iof international bi tnetllism I at j ustitied in suggesting that. honest money cannot be expected at the hanuds of those who deatl dishouently with the -imerican people. What is the test of honesty in money'.' It must certainly be found in the purchasing power of the dollar. An absolutely honest dollar could not vary in its general purcha ing power; it would be aLsoluitely stable when measured by average prices. A dollar which increases in pirchLasig power is just as dishonest as a dollar whica decreases in pLirehbsing power. It cannot be successfully chdlmed that monometallismn or bimetalisi, or any other system, gives: an absolutely just standard of value. Under both nonometlUlismn anid bi metallism the government fixed the weight and fineness of the dollar, invests it with le gal tender qualities and then extends the mints to its unlimited coinage, the purchas ing power of the dollar to be determined by the number of dollars. Dimetallism is better than monometallism, not because it gives us a perfect dollar-that is, a dollar absolutely unvarying in its general purchasing power, but because it makes a nearer approach to stability. to honesty, to justice, than a gold standard possibly can. Our opponents some times admit that it. was a mistake to demonetize silver, but in sist that we should submit to present con di tion rather than return to the bimetallic sys. temn. TheF err in supposing that we have reached the en-I of the evil resutlts of a gold standardi we have not reached the end. Tte injury is a continuing one, and no person can say how long the world is to stiffer from the attempt to make gold the only standard money. So long as the scramble for gold continues prices must fall, and a general fall in prices is but another detinition of the hard tinies. The farmers are opposed to the gold stand ard because they have felt, its effeets. Since they sell at wholesale and buy at retail they have lost more than they have gained by falling prices, and besides this, they have found that, certain fixed charges have not fallen at. all. Taxes have not been percepti bly increased although it required more of farii products now than formerly to secure the money with which to pay taxes. Debts have not, fallen. The farmer who owed $1,000 is still compelled to pay $1,000, although it may be twice as ditlicult as formerly to ob tain the dollar w.th which to pay the debt. The wage earners have been injured by a gold standard aid have expressed them selves upon the subject, with great emphasis. The farmers and wage earners together constitute a considerable majority of the peo ple of the cotuntry. Why should their inter eats he ignored in considering tinancial leg islation? A monetary system which is pecu niarily advantageous to a few syndicates has less to commend it than a system which would give hope and encouragement to those who create the nation's worth. Our opponents have made a special appeal to those who hold fire and life insurance policies, but these policy-holders say that since the total premiums received exceed the total losses paid a rising standard must be of more benefit to the companies than to the policy holders. Much solicitude has been expressed by our opponents for the depositors and savings bank. They constantly parade before these depositors the advantages of a gold standard, but these appeals will he in vain, because saving bank depositors know that under a gold standard ther-e is increasing danger that they will lose their deposits because of the inability of the banks to collect their as sets; and they still farther know that if the gold standard is to continue indefinitely they may be competled to withdraw their deposits in order to pay living expenses. It is only necessary to note the increasing number of failures in order to know that a gold standard is ruinous to merchants and manufacturers. These business men don't make their profits from the people from whom they borrow money, but from the peo ple 'to whom they sell their goods. If the people canaot buy retailers cannot sell, and if retailers cannot sell wholesale merchants and manufacturers must go into bank ruptcy. Those who hold as a permanent investment the stock of railroads and of other enterpris es--i don't inelade those who speculate in stocks or use stockholdings as a means of obtaining inside advantage in contracts-are injured by a gol.1 standard. The rising dol lar destroys the earning power of these en terprises without reducing their liabilities, and, 'as dividends cannot tbe paid until fixed charges have been satistied, the stockholders must bear the burden of hard times. It. is sometimes asserted by our oppo nents that a bank belongs to the debtor class, but this is not, true of' any solvent bank. Every statement published by a solvent bank shows that the assets exceed the liabilities. That is to say, while the bank owes a large amount of muoney to its depositors it not only has enough on hand in money and notes to pay its depositors, but in addition thereto has enough to cover its caLpital and surphuiss. When the dollar is rising in value slowly, a bank may, by mak ing short time loans and taking good secturi ty, avoid loss, but. when prices are falling rapidly the bank is apt to lose more money, because of had debts, than it can gain by the increase in the purchasing power of its capital and surplus. It mtust be admitted. however, that. some banks combine the business of a bond brok er with ordinary banking business, and these tmay make enough in the negotiationis of loans to offset the losses arising in legiti nate banking businiess. .\s long as hautn:tti nature remtains as it is there wail always he danger, that utiless restrained by pubhic opinion or legatl enactment, those who see at pecuniary proit for themselves in a certain condition may yield to the temptation to bring about, that condition. Jietferson has stted that one of lie main dhuties of govertn tet is to prevenut men fruom inijuring one ant her and never was that duty niore im portant thtan to-day. It is not strange that those who have made a profit, by furnishinig gold to the governmient in the houri of its extremiity favor a tinancial policy which will keep the govertuieti! dependent upon them. Let. me say a word now in regard-i to icer tain persons who are p-'uitiarly benetitted by a gold standard itnd wbo favor it, not froni a desire to trespass utpon I le rights of others, tbut becau'e of the circiumsties which surround themi. I shall a-k you to consider the lhtinuge ot two gent iimei whose long pubbie service and high -tanding in the party to wnich they bielong will pro teet them from adverse criticism by our o p ponents in 19St ienator Jonhn ebeirm-i said: "The contraction of the currency is a far more distressing operation than the S6en ators suppose. Our own and other nations have gone tbrough that operation before. It is not possible to take that voyage without sorest distress. To every person, except :L capit:dist out of debt or a salaried oticer or aUintuitanl, it is a period ofl1sC,.danger. ls-i tide of trade, fall of wares, suspenion of enterprise, barkrutp ', and disagter. it means ruin to all dealers whose debts are twice their business capital, though one third le:,s than their actuil property. It means the fill of all agricultural production without any great reduction of taxes. What prudent man would dare to build a house, a railro:a, a thetory or a b+arn with this certain fact before him'" When Mr. Sherman describes contraction of the currency as disamtrous to all the peo ple ecseptthe capitalist. out (if debt, and those who stand in a position similar to him, he is statin1 a truth which imust be apparent to every person who will give the inatter careful consideration. Mr. Sherman was at that time speaking of the contraction of the contraction of the volume of paper currency, ht the principle which he set forth applies if there is a contraction of the voliume of the staLudardl money of the world. Mr. laine discussed the saine principle in connection with the demonetization of silver. Speaking in the llouse of Representatives on February 7, s7:3, he said: -I believe the struggle now going on in this country and other countries for a single gold standard, would, if successful; produce widespread dis aster in and throughout the commercial world. The destruction of silver as money and the establishing of gold as t he sole unit of value must have a ruinous effect on all forms of property, except those invested whieb yield a fixed return in money. These would be enormously enhanced in value and would gain a disproportionate and unfair advantage over every other species of prop erty." Is it strange that the "holders of invest ments which yielded a fixed return in mon ey" can regard the dernonCtization of silver with complacence? We may not expect the holders of other fornis of property to protest against giving to money a "disproportionate and unfiair advantage over every other spe c es of property." If the relatively few whose wealth consists largely in fixed invest ments have a right to use the ballot to en hance the value of their investments have not the rest of the people the right to use the ballot to lrctect themselves from the dis astrous consequence of a rising standard? Tne well being of the nation-aye, of civili zation itself-depends upon the prosperity of the masses. What shall that profit a man to have a dollar which grows more valuable every day if such a dollar lowers the stand ard of ctviliz:ation and brings distress to the people * What. shall it protit us if in trying to raise our credit by increasing the pur chase power of our dolbrr we destroy our ability to pay the debts already contracted by lowering the purchasing power of the products with which those debts must be paid? If it is asserted, as it constantly is asserted, that the gold standard will enable us to borrow more money from abroad, I re ply that the restoration of bimetallism will restore the parity between money and prop erty, and thus permit an era of prosperity which will enable the American people to become loaners of money instead of perpetual borrowers. Even if we desire to borrow how long can we continue barrowing under a system which by lowering the value of property weakens the founulat ion upon which credit rests? if the hollers of fixed investments will not listen to arguments based upon justice and e.,uity ! appeal to them to consider the interests of postrity. We don't live for our selves a!one; our labor, our self-denial and our anxious care, all these are for those who are to cmie after us as much as for ourselves, but we cannot protect our condition beyond the period of our lives. Let, those who are now reaping advantage from a vicious finan cial system remember that in the years to come their own children and their childrens children may, Lhrough the operation of this system. be made to pay tribute to the descend ants of those who are wronged to-day. If there are two kinds of money the op . ion must rest either with the debtor or with the creditor. Assuming that their rights are equal we must look at the interests of society in general in order to determine which side the option should be given. Un der the bimetallic system gold and silver are linked together by law at a fixed ratio and any person or persons owing any qunantity of either metal can have the same converted into full legal tender money. If- the credi tor has the right to choose the metal in which payment shall be made it is reasonabole to suppose that he will require the debtor to pay in the dearer metal if there is any per ceptible difference between the bullion val ues of the metals,' This new demand creat edl for the dearer metal will make that metal dearer still, while the decreased demand for the cheaper metal will make that metal cheaper still. If, on the other hand, the debtor exercises the option suppose that he will pay in the cheper metal if one metal is perceptibly cheaper than the other. Zut the demand thus created for the cheaper metal will raise specie, while the lessened demand f'or the dearer metal will lower spe cie. In other words when the creditor has the option the metals are drawn apart, where as when the debtor has the option the metals are held together approximately at the ratio fixed by law; provided the demand creat ed i:: stuflicient to absorb all of both metals presented at the mint. Society is therefore interested in having the option exercised by the debtor. Indeed there can be no such thing as real bimetallism unless the option is exercised by the debtor. We are told that any attempt on the part of the government at tbis time to redeem its obligations in silver would put the premi uim on gold, but why should it? The bank of France exercise the riebt to redeem all bank paper in eithsr gold or silver and France maintains the parity bet ween gold and sivler at the ratio of 15 1-2 to I and retains iu circulation more silver per capi ta than we do in the U~nited States. The government musit either exercise the right to redeem its obligation in silver when silver is more convenient or it must retire all the silver and silver certificates from circulation antd leave nothing but gold a~s legal tender money. Are our op ponents wdlling to otitlinie a financial sys tem which will carry out, their policy to its legitimate couclusioni, or will they con tinue to cloak their designs ini ambiguous phrases? Our opponents ignore the fact that gold is now goinig abroad in spite otf all legislation intended to prevent it, and tio silver is be ing coined if, take its place. Not only is gold going abroad now but, it roust continue to go abroad as tong as the present financial poli cy is aihered to, unless we continue to bor row fromt across the ocean, and even then wve simply postpone the evil, because the amount 'orrowed together with imterest upon it uiust lbe repaidt in apupreciat ing dollars. There is only one way to stop the inicreas ing tlow of gold fromi our shores and thast is to stop tiling prices. The restoration of bi mietallismu will not onily stop falling prices, but will, to sonic extent, restore prices biy reducing the world's detmand for~ gold l'erhaps the most. per-sist ent misrepresen tation that, we have to meet is -the cha~irge that we are advocating the paymetnt of debts in tiny cent dollars. At the preset.t time and under presenlt laws a silver dollar when melted loses nearly half its value, but that will tnt b~e true wheti we again establish the mint priec for- silver- and leave no surplus silver uponu thle market to dra'. down the price of bulliou. :Uder- imetallismi -ilber bullion will be worth as mucih as silve-r coin, tust as gold bullion i-s now worth a-, tumeh as gol' I cotin, anid we b elieve that a silver dol - ar will he worth as tmuch as a gold dollar. The charge of repudiation comies with poor grace from those who are seeking to add to the weight of existing debuts by legislation which m-akes mny dalrer and who conceal their designs against the general welfare un der the euphonious pretense that they are upholding public credit and national honor. In answer to the charge that gold will go abroad it must be remembered that no gold can leave this country until the owner of the gold1 receives something in return for it which he would rather have. In other words when gold leaves the country those who i'ormerlv owned it. will be benetitted. There is uo procesa by whieh we can be compelled to part with our Vol.14 againt. our will nor is there any proce- by whieb !ilver can ever be forced upon us without our consent. -lu reply to the arguruent that improved nachinery has lessened the cost of producing Ailver it is sufficient to state thtt the !same is true of the production of gold and notwith !tanding that gold has risen fn value. If it is asserted by our opponents that the free coinage of silver is intended only for t be mine owners, it must be remembere-d that free coinage cannot restore to the mine own ers any more thad demonetization took away, and it must also be remembered that the loss whch the demonetization of silver has brought to the mine ownera is insignificant compared to the loss which the policy has brought to the rest of the world. We are told that the restoration of bimet allistm would be a hardship upon those who have entered into contraets payable in gold coin but this is a' mistake. It will be easier to obtain the gold with which to meet a gold contract, wheu most of the people can use silver, than it is now when we are trying to secure gold. There is another argument to which I ask your attention. Some of the opponents of free coinage point to the fact that thirteen months must elapse between the election and the first regular session of Congress and as sert. that during that time in case the people declare themselves in favor of free coinage all loans will be withdrawn and all mort gages foreclosed. If these are merely proph ecies indulged ,y those who have forgotten the provisions of the Constitutions it would be suflicient to remind them that the Presi dent is empowered to convene Congress in extra session whenever the public requires such action. If in November the people by their ballots declare themselves in favor of the immediate restoration of bimetallism the system can be inaugurated within a few months. If, however, the assertion that loans will be withdrawn and mortgages fore closed is to prevent such political action as the people may believe to be necessary for the preservation of their rights when a new and vital issue is raised. Whenever it is necessary for the people as a whole to obtain consent from the owners of money, changers of money before they can legislate upon fi nancial questions we shall have passed from a Democracy to plutocracy. But that time has not yet arrived. Threats and intimida tion will be of n: avail. In conclusion permit me to say a-word in regard to international money. We are not opposed to an international agreement look ing to the restoration of bimetallism through out the world. The advocates of free coinage have on all occasions shown their willing ness to co-operate with other nations for the reinstatement of silver, but they are not willing to await the pleasure of other govern ments when immediate relief is needed by the people of the United States, and they further believe that independent action of fers better assarance of international himet allism than servile dependence upon foreign aid. For more than twenty years we have invited the assistance of European nations, but all progress in the direction of interna tional bimetallism has been blocked by the opposition of those who derived pecuniary benefit from the appreciation of gold. I have traveled from the centre of the con tinent ;o the seaboard that ' inight, in the very beginning of the campaign, bring you greetings from the people of the West and South and assure you that their desire is not to destroy but to hold up. They invite you to accept the principles of a living faith rather than listen to those who preach the gospel of despair and advise endurance of the ills you have. The advocates of free coinage believe that, in striving to secure the immediate restoration of bimetallism, they are laboring in your behalf as well as in their own behalf. A few of your people may prosper under present conditions, but the permanent welfare of New York rests upon the producers of wealth. This great city is built upon the commerce of the nation and must suffer if that commerca is impaired. You cannot sell unless the people have~money with which to buy, and they cannot obtain the money with which to buy unless they are able to sell their products at remunera tive prices. . Production of wealth goes be fore the exch.'mtge of wealth; those who cre ate must secure a profit before they have anything to share w.li others. You cannot afford to join the money changers in support ing a financial policy which, by. destroying the purchasing power of the products of toil, must in the end encourage the creation of wealth. I ask, I expect, your co-operation. It is true that a few of your financiers would fashion a new figure-a figure representing Columbia, her hands bound fast with fetters of gold and her face turned-toward the East appealing for assistance to those who live beyond the sea, but this figure can never ex press your idea of this nation. You will rather turn your face for inspiration to the heroic statue which guards the entrance to your city-a statue as patriotic in concep tion as it is colossal in proportion; it was the gracious gift of a sister republic and stands 'pon a pedestal which was built by the American people. That figure is emblematic of the mission of our nation among the na tions of the earth. With a government which derives its powers from the consent of the governed, secures to all the people freedom of conscience, freedom of thought and freedom of speech, guarantees equal rights to all and promises special privileges to none, the UInited States shall be an ex ample in all that is good and the leading psirit in every mov-ement which has for its object the uplifting of the human race. Mr. Bryan spoke for one hour and fifty minutes and the hands of the clock pointed to thirty-five ntinutes after 10 when he finished the~ eloquent peroration addressed to the citizens of New York, speaking with upiftted arm and with manuscript thrown aside. The terrible heat had made the up per galleries almost unendurable be lore Mr. Bryan had linished, a majori ty of their oc::upants had detiled through the doorF. Candidate Sewall was very heartily cheered when he stepped forward af ter he. with "Silver- Dick" Bland and other leaders on the stage, had grasped Bryan's hand in congratulation. Mr. Sewall wore a black frock coat but toned about his breast tightly. He makes no pretension to oratory.- Al though his voice might till an ordina ry hall it was hardly e qual to Madison1 Square Garden with hundreds tramp ling about the floors. His words were few, and at eight minutes of 1t Chair man D~anforthx declared the meeting adjourned, while the silver enthusi asts were calling for Williams, the young. white tmetal advocate from Massachusetts Int a Cultvert. CIim:LsiND, U., Aug. 13. A passen. ger train ott the Lake Shore railway was wrecked bear Otis, Ind., at 4 oclock this morning by the washingf away of a culve rt. The engineer James Grirlin and fireman, Michaell l-oach, were killed, but the passengers almost tmiraculousiy escaped fatal in-'1 juries. The traini consisted of th rv-t. passenger coaches and two nmil cars. An hour and 10) minutes before-, a| freight train had safely pased ouer the point where thteaccident occur-red.t l'he theory of the railt-oad otlicials isi that a cloudburst washed away the t cu1ver. j i CROPS IN THE COTTON BELT. Weekly Report of the Department of Agriculture. WASrM16TOs. August 11.--The weekly weather crop bulletin, issued by the weather bureau this afteruoon, contains the following: Virginia -(ontinued dry, hot wea ther has done some damage to late corn and tobacco; fall-ploughingde layed; pasturage holding on well; thrashing about tinished; hay mostly secured; fodder pulling becoming general; soaking rains would be of great benetit in all sections. North Carolina - Intense heat and drought, causing enntinuous decline in conditions of all crops; cotton shed ding, plaits wilting and forming very little top crop; lirst new bale this week, the earliest ever known; late corn will be a failure without rain soon; strip. ping fodder now in Drogress; tobacco cures light and thin; peas, potatoes and pean u ts still good. South Carolina-Crops materially injured by excessive heat; rain over limited areas only, generally dry; ear ly corn safe, late drying up; cotton turning yellow, shedding half grown bolls and squares, and opening prema turely, picking notactive; rice excel lent, beginning to ripen; tobacco cur ing nicely, but quality inferior; minor crops in fair condition. Georgia-Abnormally high tempera ture, lack of rain and excess of sun shine have injured all growing crops; cotton dropping and turning yellow; picking in progress; Lte corn, except on lowlands, needs raiu; pastures and gardens failing rapidly. Florida-Not so hot as last week; good showers in some sections, but unevenly distributed; corn sutiering; cotton doing well and picking has be gun in western section and will soon begin in central districts; ploughing for fall pantig has begun by a few; citrus trees doing well. Alabama-Prolonged hot and' gen eralfy dry weather continues to injure cotton, which is shedding badly and in some places dropping half grown bolls. Cotton picking progressing slowly and prospective yield far below average; late corn scorching badly, and cane and sorghum showing signs of drought, but peanuts and sweet po tatoes Still promising. Misssissippi -Crops as a rule still suffering for moisture; local showers benefit fall gardens in scattered sec tions; cotton , pic.king general, but staple short and tending to decrease by the drought; corn inferior and gar den truck damaged. Fodder pulling progressing; favorable reports receiv ed from a few localities. Louisiana-Drought remains un broken over large area and cotton con tinues failing; more generous rains over portions of sugar belt, and cane growing fast, but needs more rain in localities; rice fair, some cutting; corn being harvested, good south, poor north; cotton picking general. Texas-Hot winds and dry weather during another week have seriously injured cotton over Central and North Texas, and a general rain is much needed fir the crop in all portions of the State; picking is general, much cotton opening prematurely; the plant is shedding squares and young bolls in many sections. and at best the yield will be below the average; corn gath ering has commenced; gardens and forage crops need rain. Arkansas-Drought and very hot weather continued throughout - the week, to the seerious detriment of all growing crops. Cotton continues to shed by squares and the plant is dying on the plantations. Early corn is a light yield, and late corn almost a failure. Tennessee-Drought with intense heat causes serious failing in crops, and especially. in western portion, where it assumes disastrous features. Worms injuring tobacco, ncessitating early cutting; early corn fine,- late greatly shortened: much millet and seed clover. Ploughing practically suspended. Give the -Public the Facias. Editor Columbia Register: I have always been a Reformer and I am ready to do my'duty in this line now. I am ready' to vote for the man I think would represent my party best, but Iam not willing to vote for any man who has the least stain upon him, or the appearence of it. I owe to my family and my country first duty, and a duty that calls forth my best manhood. We have plenty of men in the Reform party who are the best men in the State, and who would lose their right arm before they would vote for a ma.n who has a hurtful iharge against him, and will not press parties who are in possession of facts to come out with them. Ilam ready to vote to-day for Gdvernor Eivans if he would force Mr. Mixson to say if ill of the charges made by Mr. Dun ean are false-he owes this to himself, and he owes it to us. Mr. Mixson, who is frobi our county, owes us monei-e He is from among us; he has no inore right to hold evidence that belongs to the people than he has to hold money in public trust; neither has he any right-to hold to hii otfice and hide crime if there is any crime. Ele shou-ld either turn over to the people the orfice -that belongs to them or tue evidence: I call upon him to iet us right, anid say if any of the :barges made by Mr. Duncan in refer ence to rebates are true. Mr. Mixson must comei dIown with the facts. 0. S. D~UPUrs. Allendale, S. C., Aug. 13, 189t;. -Killed at a convention. Mcsrscarm, I. T., Aug. 12.-Two :nen were shot and killed and another -nortally womided at the annual cma rention of the - National party in the Therokee Nation, 'held ten mniles north f Tablquah, tbe capital. The par :ies kiileu -were Eli Wolford, chief of solice. of. Tahlequah, and Charlie Proctor, deputy. sheriif, and Leonard Williams, sheriff, was wounded fatal .y. The row originated over the spilling of whiskey. Wotfor-d shot Williams and the latter r-eturnied the ire, killing Wolford instantly. It is aid that. Wotloi-d4 brother killed Jharlie Proctor and escaped. Thte af ~air has created in tenlse e xcitemen t and sill serve to break up the convention, .vbich wor h1have' lasted thirougih the week. Will Stad lby Silver. Mu;. .aL EE, Wis., A ug. 1.-Sen a or John L. Mitchell, of Wisconsin, vuo hias thus far been classed with the told standard Democrats, today au nlorizLed the announcemient that he vould support Bryan and Sewall and he free silve:-platform.- Mr. Mitchell s in Washington and his determina ion to stand by the Chicago nominees s wied by him to friends hre. WORKING THE WIRES. COL. DUNCAN TALKS ABOUT THE NEW COTTON TIES. He think, the Problem Has Been Solved and the Trust Can Be Crushed in the Long Run-The Presieut Oatlook. COLUMBIA, S. C., Aug. 13.-It is be ginning to look as if the farmers of the State are going to be winners in their tight against the ?teel cotton tie trust, which was inaugurated by the State Alliance. Certain it is that they are all holding back and are not yet purchasing ties. Col. '). P. Duncan, the manager of the Farmers Alliance exchange was seen atthe Alliance exchange'office yesterday and asked about his recent trip to Charleston in the interest of the wire and flat iron cotton tie con test. Colonel Duncan remarked: "As the public are a ware, I was appointed by the State Alliance meeting held in ths city on the 22nd of July to look into this matter of some substitute for the Ifat iron cotton tie, the price of which has been advanced 100 per cent., by what is . called the cotton tie trust. My idea was to use a wire and I made the suggestion to the State Alliance. As soon as the first bale of new cotton arrived in Columbia, I purchased it and had the flat iron ties. replaced by No. 10 galvanized steel wire. I found out by ray trip to Charleston that I had used too small a wire, although up to this time it has held the bale all right. "I had the bale shipped to Charles ton to Messrs. Sloan & Sons with in structions to have it compressed and put to any and all tests that the ex porters desired to make. Monday ev ening I concluded to go to the city and witness the compressing myself. "I desire now to publicly make ac knowledgement of the courtesy I re ceived in Charleston in this matter as the representative of the farmers of the State Alliance. On my arrival in the city Mr. Sloan informed me that while there was no cotton lxzng con pressed, the manager of the Champion Cotton Press had offered to get up steam for the purpose of testing the wired bale. President Frost of the Cotton Exchange kindly called togeth er such members of the exchange as were present in the city, also the cot ton exporters and a pleasant informal meeting was held and the merits of the wired bale discussed. The gentle men all expressed their entire sympa thy with the farmers in this fight, al though the president of. the exchange called our attention to the fact that this was a matter of very material im portance -to the entire cotton export trade of Charleston, and that there fore the exchange would have to make a very thorough test of the matter be fore they could act officially, all of which we appreciated and return thanks to these gentlemen for their kind attentions. "Now as to compressing the bale. Would the wire holdi Would it cut the .bagging? Could it be done as quickly as whela compressed with the fafiron tie? "The wire held the bale perfectly after it was compressed. One or two of the exporteri thonghtit cut the bag ging in one or tw a pi-:-. In this I think they were mistaken, for the bag ging on the bale was of a very poor quality and was rather torn in hand ling than cut by the wire, and this was the opinion expressed to me by the superintendent of the compress. The superintendent of the compress said that we ought to have a larger wire and a better way to fasten the wire or he could not compress the cotton as easily as with the hoop tie. He thought the size wire I had would cut the hands of the pressmen. "I think now we have the question about solved if our wira friends stand by us. "I shall recommend that we use No. 6 annealed wire, which- will double the size and weight of the-galvanized wire I had used, will be more pliable than it to handle, to use seven to the bale, (all the compresses use seven). these seven wires will weigh 8 3-4 pounds, against 9 pounds that the six fiat iron ties weigh. The wire will be put up in bundles of 35 wires; seven wires to the bale, packing five bales to the bundle. 'These 35 wires will weigh 44 pounds and will cost 75 to 80 centa per bundle. This as against 30 fiat iron ties in a bundle weighing 45 pounds and costing now $1.45 per bun dIe. These 30 ties are used to pack five bales of cotton. This is the infor mation I haue today and I think in a few days 1 will have the arrangements completed to furnish these ties in any quantities.-State. A Repubilcan split. DE~vER, Aug. 13.-There are now in Colorado two Colorado state comn mittees claiming to represent the Re yublican party, and two state conven tions have been called, one for Sept. 9 in this city, and the other for Sept. 3o in Colorado Springs. The latter convention was decided .upon at a meeting of the state committee July 28, at which the followers of Senator WXalcctt, who will supportM*Kinley and Hobart, were in control: Chair man Holmes and the Mckinley mems ihers of the committee ignored the call for another meeting which was signed by a majority of all the members. At this meeting a new chairman was elected. R~esolutions were adopted re pudiating the action of the. previous meeting, declaring the silver question of paramount importance, indorsing Senator Teller and commending the action of the Colorado delegatiori to the national Republican convention. A state convention was called for Sep tember 9, at which it is the intention of the silver Republicans to indorse the D)emocratic national ticket and make nominations for state offices. The other convention will, nominate McKinley and Hobart officers -and probably also a full state ticket. Digrace and Death. SouTH Bi-:sio, Ind., Aug, 13.-Jos. E-. Kelley, cashier of the First Nation al bank of this city, was found dead last evening at the bottom of the cel lar steps in his residence. He had coulmitted suicide by shooting himself through the heart. Yesterday Nation al Dank Examiner Vance suddenly appeared in this city, and being a new man, had taken Kelley by surprise. ie soon found a shortage in the cash ier's accounts. Kelley disappard, but after a brief search his bod was discovered. Kelley had four letters in hii pocket, one addressed to Director . i B. Reynolds in which he explains that there was a deticit creattd by him him previous to 1891 and amounting to $24,109. Kelley was 47 years old, moved in. the best society and had the . onfAience of evernone .