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V L X1.MANNING.,- S. C.,, WEDNVSDAY, . Y K 19; _______ O 0 CITADEL ('0MMEEEM ENT. SUMTER'S OPER-A HOUSE CR0WDEC BY HOSPITABLE ADMIRERS. Col. Coward- TouIlchhlg Ktemg k:,--(cou grcsoman McLauren Deliver-4 nuFl quent Address- l'arist Honior.NMen Twen ty-Seven Graduates4. SITTER, June 0. --Before an audi ence that tilled to overdowng the prettiest opera house in South Caroli na, the commencement exercises of the South Carolina Military Academy were success fully brought to a close today. The exercises of com mencement week began Sunday morn ing with the preaching of the bacca laureate sermon by Rev. Lucius Cuth bert of Charleston in the Sumter opera house. Monday's exercises con sisted of the review and inspection of the cadet battalion by the board of visitors. Last week the meeting of the board of visitors was held at the Jervey House. There were present Gen. johnson Hagood, chairman; Col. J. P. Thomas, Col. C. S. Gadsden and Gen. Edward Anderson. All of the ex-officio members of the board- Gov Evans, Gen. Watts, Mr. Mayfield, Mr. MtcSweeney and Gen. Dennis-were absent Not much business other than the usual routine of hearing re ports was transacted. Maj. Reese, the professor of physics and chemistry, tendered his resignation, which was accepted with regret. The board will elect his successor at their annual August meeting. The entire first class was passed by the board, all of them being allowed to receive their diplomas. An hour before the time appointed for the exercises to begin this morn ing, the interested people of Sumter Pegan filing into the opera house. hen the superintendent arose to ,aake the first announcement, stand ing room was in demand and contin ued so throughout the exercises, de spite the very warm weather. The people of Sumter have been de lighted to have the Citadel boys with them and have exerted themselves to give the cadets a delightful time. That they have succeeded will be tes tified to tomorrow by the many cadets who will board the homeward-bound trains with regrets at leaving the Sum ter girl behind them. I have heard of one, and there may be others, who has decided to remain a few days longer, not being able to tear himself awayfrom a certain popular belle. The music in the opera house this morning, as on all such occasions, was furnished by the Bavarian band. On the stage were Gens. Johnson Ha good and Edward Anderson, Cols. C. zs. Gadsden and J. P. Thomas of the board of Tisitors; ex-Judge T. B. Fra ser, Judge 0. W. Buchanan, Col. Coward, Lieut. Bond, Maj. Reese, Maj. Mazyck, Lieut. Stokes, Dr. J. L. Heyson, Dr. J. H. Furman, Mayor J. . Bozzai-d, Hon. J. H. McLaurin, the tirst and second honor graduates, S. ?. J. Garris and B. J. Murphy and others. The exercises were opened with prayer by Rev. Dr. N. W. Edmunds of the Presbyterian Church. CoL Coward then stepped forward and spoke briefiy. He said that on three separate occasions the people of Sumter had invited the corps of cadets to their town; but on two of these oc casions, previous engagements pre vented acceptance. The third ivita tion was accepted and the Colonel said' thbat since their arriva.. here the treat ment they had received made them regret that they had not been here all* three years, not that other counties had not entertained them hospitably, too, but that the pleasures of tne past are generally dimmed or forgotten in the enjoyment of those of the present. The Citadel always was and always 'will be an institution for Une eauire State. CoL Coward said this is a not able time. On this very day in the capital of that nation that sprang into such sudden existence and whose short life was marked by so many deeds of heroism, thousands of veterans of that bloody war are now gathered together and listening to the rehearsing of those deeds of heroism. It is titting that such an occasion should be linked in memory with this commencement, and tnerefore, at the suggestion of a member of the board ot visitors, he presented for that member a Confed erate pin to each of the two graduates seated on the stage. The pins repre sented the battlel1ag of the Confeder acy. The band here struck up "Dixie," and like all other southern audiences, this one was unable to keep still under its inspiring strains. Long may it be before a southern-born man or wo man--eas-hear "Dixie" without the blood tinglinglhrough and througnl the body. Col. Coward tuen intro duced as the orator of the day, Con gressman John L. Mcbauren, who spoke as follows: Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen of the Board of Visitors: I am fully sensible of the high com pliment, you have paid me in selecting one, not a graduate of the Citadel, to deliver your annual address. I can claim, ho evever, a lineal descent, for if 1lam not ason of the Citadel, I am a son of her the C. M. 1. 1 am afraid, however, that my ven erated Preceptor, Col. Thomas, (who sits over there) will tell you that 1 was a "prodigal son," but if he did I would tell him that he ner er killed any fatted calves f or me, fall on my neck and do any weeping, nor put any rings on my lin ger, but fed me on nacon, and when ne did fall on me it was to put me walk ing post with a nine-pound musket on my shoulder instead uf a ring on my tinger. it hasn't been so long since I " wore the gray," but that my heart can thrill with every emotion, that pulsates in the breast of a cadet on a commence ment occasion. When I look into your eyes beaming with youthlul hope memories of other day s hlood mue, some tender and sad, otners joyful and plasant. Fif teen years and it seems such a short time. Somne of the bright young faces that set out with me- on the journey, have long been cold iu death, other lie wreckea and stranded on the shoals and quicksands, while all of us are middle aged men, fromr whose hearts the stern reality of liie has dressed and driven the Ireshness and poetry of youth. Not one of us nas lound the world of which we dreamed in the glorious days of young~ manhood. I1av alwmasfl trat th frnm.ar of stern military dlciplime, with its en forced hahita of scIf control, and the examnple and intiUuence of a man whose g .uidin st-ir was duty, had been worth more to me than any scholwtie train m eceived elsewhere. THE s0LU.it EI sPinIT. Le irst step towards success any way is '.0 nind- the boy with the spirit of the soldier, for life is one long balt tie, and it is tihe soldier spirit that wins succes.; the timid and irresolute are crush'd, run over. and the coward de serts, while the trained soldier, fertile in expedients. tamful and resolute, pushes steadily to the front, until suc cess crowns his efforts or death claims him as her own. "SEEING THF ELEPHANT I have often thought of that prodigal son who left his father's house to see the world, (we call it "seeing the ele phant") and wondered what would have been his fate had he been trained four years by Col. Thomas or Col. Coward. He would have seen the ele phant, no doubt about that, one as big as Jumbo himself, and possibly "spent his pbrLion in riotous living," but when the funds played out, a Citadel boy would never in the world have fed on the husks left by the swine. He would have killed the fattest pig in the bunch ate spare ribs and backbone, and the inner man well fortitied tif nothing better turned up), with the airs and graces born in the "City by the Sea," he'd have fascinated the old man's daughter, mirried, and put hisfather in-law to tending the hogs. Then with plenty of leisure entered politics, gone to Congress, paid the mortgage off his father's farm, provided for the good brother who stayed at home by an appointment to a 4th class postoffice. I know some of the "boys" who have made almost as wonderful a record as that. A Citadel boy would never have gone sneaking home in rags and tat ters, whining and shedding "crocodile tears." He would have pulled himself together, redeemed his mistakes, and when he went back home, gone with his head up like a man. If he had to be come as a hired servant and fed on husks, he would have gone as faraway from home as possibie, changed his name and not dLgraced his family by admitting that he was a miserable Jail ure. TIE CITADEL. It would be presumption for me in the presence of men grown gray in the service of the Citadel to say much con cerning its history and work. Permit me, however, to brietly allude to its genesis, because iu its original concep tion it is closely related to a few thoughts that I will express later. Col. J. P. Thomas in his elegant work, gives a most interesting account of t he early history of the Citadel. In 1822 Deamark Vesey, a free negro, organized a most formidable insurrec tion in the city of Charleston. He was one of those bold, strong characters, who are born leaders of men. On Sunday night, June 16th, the negroes were to rise, and suddenly seize the arsenal, guard house and otner deposi tories of arms, then reinforced by the country negroes, were to sweep the town by lireand sword. Through the defection of one of the conspirators, the plot failed, and Vesey with several others was tried, condemned and exe cuted. The alarm caused by this threatened outbreak led to the enlarge ment of the aisenal and other military posts. Ten years latercame the nulli tication excitement of 1832, and $20, - 000 was appropriated for munitions of war and as a consequence greatly in creased the importance of tne arsenal. A garrison was kept up until in 1842, Governor Richardson conceived the iliea of using these military posts as schools, holding that as they had to be maintained, it would only be a small additional expense to impart instzuc tion to the young men constituting the garrison. -Thtus we see that the origin and purnose of the Citadel was for public defence, and that the scholastic leature is a graf t upon the old trunk. Therefore in purpose and practice the Citadel bears a close relation to the mi litia system of the country, and I de sire to express a few thoughts on this line, for in it are some of the germs which must give life or death to us as a republic. TWO RESOURCES OF NATIONAL SAFETY. In national life,' in the tirst out break of war or civil disturbance at home, there are but two resources for protec tion and safety. They might hike ho tels be classitied as the "European" and "American" plans. EUROPEAN PLAN. The first depends upon a large stand ing army, drawn from the ranks of civil life, to be maintained in idleness at the expense of the producers. Con stituting in the hands of an ambitious and bold executive, a perpetual men ace to popular rights. AMERICAN PLAN. The second depends upon a patriotic and well organized militia, ever pres ent, -rarely seen, quartered among us, not in camps and Ior-ts, but at the tire side, in the counting room -<nd the workshop. FOUNI)ATIONS 0O" NATiv.M L G~REATNEsS. it has been well said that with the decadence of the martial spirit the de cay of the nation begins, hence every nation adopts some means to foster this spirit, varying in degress from the dance of the savage to the science and culture of West Point. al foundations of political economy, there are, two essential factors upon whose proper understanding and ap plication, the progress, perpetuity ann stability of our government depends. First. Politicat wisdom, manifested through broad Statesmanship. Second. Courage disclosed through the miartial spirit of the people. The former em braces, the aggregate ability, learning and experien"- ot the nation, while the latter is a sense of jsieadright, backed up, with an unfatering (eterminlation to protect both at all bazard of personal danger, what we call, Statesmanship, is simply a careful study of the past critically and honestly compared with the pres ent, for the purpose of securing a logi cal and cournmon sense application of the future, militaryism, in plain terms is courage and manhood, trained and disciplined to act in concert with oth ers. It is the scintilic adoption of courage to 'he best and most effective nmetnods of selt defense and protection. Upon these two elements rests the progress and perpetuity of every free government, to their mighest deveiope iment, civiliation, stands, irrevocably pedged. W Vuer-e I say that the military spirit of the people should be developed, i do not mi'au the spirit of war, m the uaccepted parlance oi thme day, since I consider umat there is a vast ditfereuce be'~tween thne two ter"ms, "n thme uni dst of life, prepare for death' says the - cripture andt who wili den vits solemn "id time of peace prepare for war," anld none I fancy will question its wis dom or prudence. Preparing for war, does not mean war, anymore than preparation for death, means death itself, since both are precutionary measures applicable alike to the frail tit-s aid weaknesses of mankind. The a-e of chiralry with its fendal system serfs and slaves has passed away. No longer does brute force with shield and battle axe settle and con clude comproinsie. . No longer, dos personal courage as disclosed in single combat, challenge the administration of mankind and make and uUmake kingdoms. The science of mortal combat, now dem-aixs members, trained to unity of action and that compinnity of purpose, which alone brings out and utilizes the utmost limit of courage and en durance. The martial spirit of our people, may be ever so intense, their courage ever so daring but withouta knowledge of the scientific principles of war, their efforts would be futile. The obligation of every government is good wholesome laws, honestly and impar tially administered, with the develop ment of such governmental power, as will protect from internal strife, and defend her citizens from foreign foes. The military development of the European system tends toward a des potism, because the martial spirit of the nation is concentrated in a ma chine called the army. With us it is diff used through all the nation, dwell ing in the breast of every man worthy so be called an American, supplement ing manhood and developing that in dependence of character, which alone designate the citizen of a great Re public, a Republic whose greatest safe guard must be, that in times of na tional, peril, each individual feels, that he face death, not for the whim or ca price of king or Emperor but in de fense of home and country. That he will share in the benifits of the con test, .or feel the iron hand which fol l) ws defeat and disaster. A STRIKING LLUSTRaTION. Look at Appomatox! what became of those two great contending armies of more than a million men. Brave, intelligent and enduring. In bloody battles, for four long years, the courage of each, had been tested to the uttermost. Yet when the end came, and the God dess of peace, unvailed her face, they disappeared, as if by magic. Under the warm rays of the sun, the snow and ice on the mountain side melt and together begin their journey to the sea. So did these great armies melt into the common mass of citizens and together take up the task of reha. bilitating a common country. Citizens first, soldiers from necessi ty. To lay down the musket and sheathe the sword, in order to engage in more peacef.ul pursuits, was a pleas ure instead of a task. In Europe, where the professional soldier predom inates, and standing armies are the rule, such an event would have been followed by anarchy and bloodshed. If to day the vast standing armies of Europe were disbanded, a reign of lawless terror would ensue. This il lustrates the difference between the machine soldier, who fights for his. king regardless of the right or wrong of the con roversy, and the citizen soldier, who stands individual as a part of the contention-one, the nar ro eQ interest of the mercenary; the other, the embodiment of patriotism and personal responsibility. OUR MILITARY FORCE. The Anglo-Saxon race has an in stinctive dislike and distrust of stand ing armies, regarding them as a men ace to popular liberty. Even in Eng land. it may astonish those niot con versant with the "Mutiny Act," to learn that "the raising or keeping a standing army in time of peace, with in the U nited Kingdom of Greet Bri tain and Ireland, unless it be with the consent of Parliament," is against the law.- The first standing army in Eng land was that of Charles the Fourtu and consisted of only one thousand cavalry and four thousand foot. It is curious to note frnm the Bill of Rights in 1689, even down to the present time, how jealously the people tnrough their Pariament have guarded this dangerous power. The people are right in their dislike for standing ar mies, all the more so here, because in our country the whole tendency at present is toward centralization of power in the hands of the Executive. Add to the prerogatives already usurp ed, an immense military force, and no potentate on earth would wield the concentrated power of the President of the United States. It would wipe out the last barrier, and the autonomy and semi-independence of the States would be forever gone. Yet, my countrymen, the time is at band when the size and efiiciency of our military force must be increased ; at every session of Congress bills are introduced along this line, and in fact the business sense of the country feels that present conditions are inadequate to our needs. The real q-uestion is, how shall it be done without further centralizing this great power in the hands of the Federal Executive?. With the advantages of a great and powerful nation we have its duties and exposures. We are an active, en terprising people. With unparalleled rapidity we have developed this con tinent, and now side by side -with the other mercantile and manufacturing nations are seeking the markets of the world for our surplus producxts. We can't get rich by swapping dollars among ourselves. Under the law of the "survival. of the fittest," our merchants and manu facturers must go out into the marts of the world and take their chance. To do this, however, with every ex tension of commercial boundaries there must be the ever present military force to protect commercial supremacy This is the secret which Las made England the commercial mistress o f the world; and enabled this little Island of tradesmen and shop-keepers to levy tribute on all the sons of men, be tween the Rocky towns of Corfee, and the burning sun of Hindoostan. Its "symbol" may be the British Flag. but the "hiding place of its power, is within dairk and .trowning lines of ar tillery" 11er encroachments in South America, has well nigh driven us from those markets, while our policy in Alaska is not one to be admired. Look at Cuba: right at our gate way, adyet our foreign policy, permits as to be robbed of inarkets, that of right should be ours. Tne Spanish tariti ex ciudles our products in favor of Eng land and hamperi and embarrasses enterprising Americans, who have in vested fortunes in Cuba, expecting to be on equal terms with other foreigners. Tlhinkr o, that Engand, jAderi.i lar circumstances, would content her self with deplomacy while British property was being confiscated or de stroyed and her citizens imprisoned withourtrial? Our whole peoplesymn pathize with the brave patriots, whose women have even -formed companies of Amazons. preferring this to the fate-which awaits them. under Wey lers' brutal decreees. What a strange struggle it is aiainst tle' barbarie des potism of the 13th century for free doni for that freedom vidch shohid be the birthright of the 19th cenury Macau and Gomez,;. have 'made cein-' paigns that have equalled the- "rally campaign." Illastrated by the daring genius of Jackson and Stewart, and yet, we halt and hesitate about even according them the ri-hts of civilized warfare. Silent, while brave men are shot like dogs, little children butcher ed and tender women turned over to the brutalities' of -the "South Com pany.." The imagination sickness, the mind revolts, civilization shoulders, and turns its eye upon us, "Land of the Free and the Brave," she asks why do you permit these atrocities? Is that what the Monroe Doctrine means? You were struggling under a foreign yoke, whose "Stamp Act" was a be ni to the lightest touch of Wev lers cruel hand. France sent you Ta Fayette. Have you sent the gal lant Fitz Lee, to -eturn the debt that you owe tWe Goddess of Liberty:" If so. you should have sent hiu not alone, but clothed in lightning, and to speak in the voice of thunder. You say the people rule? They have said "Cuba must be free," and yet your Executive, halts and heaitates. Is it because, Spain the "Old toothless Wolf" has more teeth than yoa have? Yes, Spain's Navy outnumbers ours. while her standing army is more than twenty time- as great. Talk is one thing war is another. The time is at hand, when in self defense, it. must truly be "America for Amerioans:" When the Monroe d-)ctrine" must be come a living tangible reality, not an "irredscent dream," received abroad with a contemptuous sneer. WHAT SHALL WE DO? I maintain that in Naval affairs, we should follow the example of Eagland, who while making provision for the army by annual apnropriatiops, pro vides for her navy by permanent statue, thus taking it clear out of the domain of politics. The navy can only be used for public defence, and the protection of our citizens in a for eign country. In land forces our pres ent system .improved and perfected is safe, and can be made efficacious. A small compact standing army, a well organized militia; kept up and owing allegiance to the .various States, is the only way to prevent the centrilization of the military power of this country in the hands of one man. The mili tia force of the State however must be effective and fully able to suppress all disorder within its - borders. If an il tustration is needed, recall the "Dabs Strike" when the President sent Fed eral-troops into the State of Illinois aainst the protest of her Governor, the excuse being that it was an insur rection beyond local control. The fact that a rarge and conservative class in this country approved ths violation of State rights, renders the precedent only the more dangerous. If, howev er the States are to provide an effec tive militia not only for police duties, but really to take the place of a stand ing army, they must have trained and educated officer's. It will not do to trust to chance or hap-hazard. For merly, men built. temples -to Fortune, the Goddess whose eyes were blind folded. They waited for her to pass, trusting by luck or boldness to seize her. But a new era has begun, a day of specialities, where no amount of genius or luck can supply the lack of special training. Now men, and nations depend on the, perfected instrument, science and labor. The National Government, depends on WVest Point, to turn out the per fected soldier. If the States would not have the Federal Gover-nment absorb and centralize all the Martial Spirit" and1 military power of this Country, they must have similar insti :utions, owing allegiance to, and de ending upon State bounty for sup port. If we would hand downa unim paired to posterity, the priceless heri tage of republican liberty, if we mean that that the civil shall continue to ::ontrol the military arm, in both peace and war in adversity as well as pros perity, then let us foster in each State a citizen soldiery, ready at all times to :efend the national honor, but who are trained in the belief, that the best means of preserving national life, is by the preservation of individual rights and local self government. If the Federal government, would send ou from West Point the perfected inztru ment and fit type of the national sol dier, then let us, from similar institu-' tions in the States, send out his corn pliment, the perfected. instruments the fit tyne of thie citizen soldier. TWO STATE WEST POINTS. There are two State WVest Points inthse South that should forever command public con tidende, and suppoit the Vir ginia Miitary.fnstitute and South Car olina Military ,Academy. Standing out bold and unique, the "military set up" is as destructive as that 'of West Point. True nurseries of the citizen soldier, the safeguard of the republic. Long may they live. In every town in the South, their young men are found as officers of militia imparting scientitic and .technical knowledge as a labor oflove.. ~ THE CIT.DEL FOR1MER.. Young men, you may well be proud of your alma mater, here is a glorious record and it is for yon to see that the high standard of excellence is main tained, where a Hlagood, a Capers, a Cowardi and a Thomas placed it. On one occasion after Rome had been sacked by barbariansx, there was a meeting of the Senate to determine the question of removing the seat of empire to another place. The couna sels of the weak and demoralized were about to prevail, when some bold old Roman exclaimed, "Rome forever." It was electrical in its effect., D~o not-permit the seat of your em pire to be re moved to another place. 11er home is the "City by. the Sea," fanned by the gentle ocean breeze, and the soft breath of the Magnolia. A few heroic exclamations, " The Citadel forever," and she lives.. Scarred -by - battle, torn by earth quake and. devastated by fire, she has survived it all; what shame and igno miuy to permit her, in this the noon day of life, to wither and die, a slowv, sure death by starvation, her beautiful limnbs'hike.the beggar stretched by the roadside. 3TATIE st'PPORT. There it must be confessed a deep cos-rTWmm ON PG r oU erraj (1RAN) AND GLORIOUtS. THURSDAY IN RICHMOND ECLIP;LS ALL FORMER OCCASIONS. Unp:,.ralelled Ent h us!asm ---Sout Ih Catrm,311 rs-WPla -C vetdIimutto Branchse; GEen. IHatninou and Our Spon4sor--ToU Woodfrrd's Respou.e. 'R1.MNs, July 2. Today ha been beyond all qie.ioi ti greaest In the histOry of- the historic city of Rich mond. It was the crosvrding event of the notable sixth Confederate reunion wht nearly ail of the living leaders of -the war were present and when they had for their distinguished guest that wel-! known Union soldier and patri, Corporal Jas. ranner. The three day's meeting of over 100,000, Confederates ended in the laying-of the cornerstone of an imposing moanu ment to be erected to the memory of Jefferson Davis, the President of the late Confederate States. This was what called from the north, the west, the east and the south every old Confederate soldier and sympa thizer. For four days and over they came, thronging in ou every line of railroad until the hospitable city of Richmond, with its grand hotels and open doors of every private house, were so taxed that the overilow reached the city of Petersburg and adjoining villages, and filled their homes with welcome guests. During these four days the streets and houses of public reception here havt. been packed by a living mass of Confederate humanity. The demonstration surpassed all previous events in the history of the city, and as far as the crowds present were con cerned, overshadowed all former oc zasions, when the south sent her rep resentatives by the thousands to honor the memory of her distinguished lead ers and *sons in the ex-capital of the southern Confederacy. - FALL IN LINE. No sooner than General Gordon had announced the adjournment of the Confederate reunion convention sine die with three expressive raps of his Chicamauga tree gavel, than there was a rush of the veterans to get into the appointed locations in time to fall into the line of procession, which moved promptly at 1 o'clock p. m. There were 2U,UUU men in line with IOU bands of niusic and 2oo,000o or more on the streets to witness this grand parade of youthful military cadets, stalwart militiamen,- and venerable gray-bearded and battle-scarred vete rans, who had seen service on the hard fought fields of Virginia. ON HISTORIC SOIL. The latter retrod the streets which 35 and 30 years ago resounded with the martial fbotsteps of the armies of Lee and-afterwards of Grant. It was a great day and nobody who witnessed th parade, the heartfdt devotion of the men,.in line and the enthusiasm of the people on the streets, would do :>therwise than declare that it was a lay consecrated toAmezrican manhood, patriotism and valor. Tne spectacle was inspiring, and as the bands passed playing "the Star Spangled Banner." --Dixie," "My Maryland" ind "Yankee Doodle," every man and wonian felt themselves a truer Ameri :an. . Nothing could have been more au ;picious than the weather a-ad all oth er conditions for such a grand occa fion. The procession, though prompt ta forming, was some what delayed by a divergence of the cavalry, artillery, the Virgic.ia and North Carolina regi ments of infantry and the carriages :ontaining the distinguished guests and young lady sponsors from the States and territories, so as to tak~e in a portion otfri-ain stree't. A MaLGNIFICENT sPECTACLE. They joined the veterans at Fifth and F'rankL~n streets, and for nearly two botrs tLis grand parade of young soldiers and old heroes, with its bands of music, Ih~gs and banners, marched along street.; adlamt with national and southern colors and greeted at every point with-the cheers and plaudits of1 the women who were either daughters or mothers of the old Confederacy. The column, including as it did every branch of ths military service, made a splendid appearance, an.l would have been deemed an American gem in New York or Chicago. -BATTLE-SCARRED 2,EMENTOS. In the line were numerous memnen toes of the late war in the shape of bullet-hoied and tattered Confederate battle flags, uniforms that had been worn on mlany a bloody field, knap sacks, canteens, muskets and rifles that bore evidence of service in many acampaign. T wo venerable old sol diers carried fiddles with which they entertained camp life during the war. Many had empty sleeves and many others wooden legs, but they stood the fatigue of the four hours' march with all the fortitude that chiaracterizied them over2031 years ago. Gen. Gordon, chief iarshal, and staif headed the pr-ocession, and his escort was the corps of cadets from the 'irginia Military institute. IhAMPTON SALL-TED) EVERY WHERE. Taen followed the children's brig ade, 250 in number. Gen. Hampton and staff tooIk position in front of the Carolinmans, and the old cavalry hero wvas saluted at every move and turn of the procession. Governor < Ferrall was''tthe'Side of IBrig. G-en. Pnillips of the Virginia State troops, wnien in cludedthe \irginia-and North Caroli noa regiments of State troops. Then followed thbe' Worquhipful Grand Ma somc. Lodge Of. \'irginiia, escorted by the Commianrdyry of St. Andrew of \'irginia, No. i:; Knights T'emplar, and tby tue Blacksuurg, \~a., cadet. Next, 'tue orator of t~he day, Gden. Stephen O). Lee, anid staff. l'ne tirst cavalry reginent of \Virgina, com mzandcled oy Col. Charle~s l'>ker. D avis Monnu mlnt assoetation]. Mrs. J1 tfiersomi Davis anid family. Sponsors for the' souther-n States. Memior'a associatiouLs, etc. Qouncil of the ( ity ot Ricaunioud. Major General Tumomas A. Brand erer and .stalf. .IRicmnond Lighrt. In fautry~ Blues' battalion, escort to the \ irgtia \ ete ran' division -rand'Uamp Con frdera'.e \ cterans. - -)epartinent of \'irgimia. ~ol. V. A. Snoot, grand COmli mander.-. Wes-.~t Vi rginia \~eter-an asociatio)n. South Carolina \Veteran camlps. 'Filtirida' \ eteran damnps. Afabamna eterani camips. Qr*oegi-a \ eteran ca m p. Louisaa \'eteran campy-. .Texas .\ eterau cam ps. Indian Territory \'eteran camps Arkansas \Veteran camps. Tennessee \'eteran camps. North Carolina Veteran camps. Kentucky Veteran camps. Missouri \~eteran camps. Maryland lCteran camps. Di.;trict. of Columbia Veteran cam os. Sons of Confederate Veterans. eteran cavalry division. The cadets of the High school from Washioto, a-; well as the District Veterans nade an attractive featui of the parade, and were compirented all along the route. SCTiTERN BEAUTY. | The lady suou-,ors and their maids of honor, rode in separate carriages and made the brightest feature of the procession. Each sponsor waved the !iag of the State she represented and all of them were royally cheered as they passed through the brilliantly decorated streets. crowded with south ernblooming womanhood and loveli ness. The Society of f he Army and Navy of the Confederato States in -he State of Maryland, esccrted by ti:e Fifth Regiment Veterans' corps, was in the procession. The society is the only organized body of veterans in cown which is not affiliated with theUnited Confederate Veterans. Many of its members, however, are also members of Herbert and Buchanan camps. Col. George R. Gaither is in command of the veteran corps and Capt. George W. Booth of the society. Gen. Brad ley T. Johnson is president of the so ciety. Mrs. Jetferson Davis r de in a car riage with the Hon. J. Taylor Etlyson and Gen. Peyton Wise, and she was everywhere recognized and cheered. Miss Shelby, daughter of Gen. Shel by of Tennessee rode a fine horse through the whole route of the proces sion and was greatly admired. The procession reached Monroe park about 4 o'clock. after a very trying march to some of the older veterans. MASONiC FUNCTIONS. Here the Grand Masonic lodge of Virginia took charge of the ceremo nies, and escorted by the Knights Templars, reached the site selejted for the Davis monument, where a stand for the orator and distinguished guests had been erected. When the privi leged crowd had been seated and the Richmond Blues and other military organizations placed as a complement ary escort to the Templars, the Masonic ceremonies in the laying of a corner stone took place, coucluding with the following proclamation by the Grand Marshal: "Oyez! All within the sound of the gavel take due notice that the craft has ceased from their labor and that the corner stone of the Jefferson Dav is monument is now true, trusty, and well laid by the grand lodge of Virgin ia in its 119th year." After this announcement Hon. J. Taylor Ellyson, president of the Davis Monument Association, came forward and called upon Bishop John C. Gran berry of the Methodist Episcopal church to olfer prayer, and the emi nent divine delivered a most fervent and appropriate appeal to the throne of the Almighty. Al ter this Gen. Stephen D. Lee, the orator of the day was iatrodacel and spoke as follows: GEN. LEE'S ADDRESS. From a graceful exordium, explain ing the purpose which had drawn his vast audience together, Gen. Lee as serted that it was fitting that Jetferson Davis' remains should rest in Vir ginia, which he characterized as the greatest of all States, the battle-scar red producer of warriors and states men, But for her generosity in ceding her vast territory to the Union, Kea tucky would have still been her's, and he would have been born her son. Many presidents, statesmen, soldiers lie in 1 irginia's soil-from Washing ton to the present time-none greater :nan Davis, but more fortunate. JEIFFERSON DAVIS MoURNED. Throwing a glance baczrward, hel showed how, 31 years ago, the maun whose memory they had miet today to honor, lay m-~acled in a c senent of a strongly garrisoned fortress, charged with the most atrocious crime known to man---treasoa and murder. "Andl yet," he continued. "he died, by mil-' ions more sincerely mourned and deeply loved than any other man in the history of the nation. If his ene. mies had succeed in putting him to death he would have been the most conspicuous ligure in American his tory. whEN TUE MISTS CLEARt AWAY. Gen. Lee expressed an abiding be lief that when the mists of passion and prejudice have passed away, the calm light of justice will give the right, nmene to eacha tigure in history. "The descendants of the men who burned Joan of Arc", said he, "now regard her as a character of heroism and beauty. The posterity of the men who hung witches in Salem as a pious duty, now hear the story with horror. Tne descendants of the men who today look on Jefferson Davis with unkind expression will see bim as we do-the stainless gentleman, the gallant sol dier, the devoted patriot, the pure and gitted statesman." THE IssUEs SETTLED. (Gen. Lee declined to discuss the causes .leading to tne war, The war had settled that secession is impracti cable and the amendments to the Con stitution have adjusted all other dif ferences. Tne Southern people have fully accepxted the results; taey accept the present and loyally com mit them selves to the future. Passing to the early days of seces sion, he predicted tr.at the future his torian would note with astonishmeut that the Southern struggle for inde penden::e began, not witn commimttee s of public saiety, with declarations of tne rights of man, or enunciation of the mightly doctrine that governments deri-ve ineir just po .vers fromn the con sent of thme governed, but it began with public statutes, general eleetions and constitutional e,>ventionls. Mr. R )a vis himself rested, in his inaugurai, the case of the new niation at tile bar of the public opinion of the world, not upon i-evolutionary but upon legal righkt. REUAR[)>ED AS AN EXPERIENT, H~e quoted the junior senator from Massachusetts (Mr. Lodge) as saying that when the Constitution was adopt ed at Philadelphia, no one, neither Washington, Hlamnilton, Clinton nor Mason regarded the new system as anything out an experiment, from whiicn every State hadl the right peace ably to withdraw, Tue Southern States only exercised a righ:. wich tiad often been threatened by New E-ugland, and which was genecrally (Aonceued to be a coustitutuonl oneC. THlE soLDiIR AND) ThEE M '. Gjen. le-e concluded a glowing euho gium of JehIferson Dasvis' pure, private lfe, bis exquisite courtesy amt gal la nt,.y ae. a sldie wth i ne declara tion that his domli:.ut cnaracteristic was his fdIlity to ijriuciple. It was we!! said of him: "He bent to uane but God." He came amor as as a itoman born out of time. it Was im possible for him to ask pardn so long as he felt Ie had done nis duty con ncentiously, as he saw it, and he was never forgiven. One after another his great comrades entered the beyond until he stood alone. but he never waVrecd. lpie passed from as a stern and imistic figure, broken but never bant. 2en. Lee quoted from a speech de livered bv Mr. D.ivs i tht Senate in December, 1S'0, in which ne eciarea that the uniou was dear to hirn as a uUion of fraternal states. He argued from this that Mr. Davis was opposed to disunion, and that at the conference called by Ghvernor P'ettis of Mississ ippi,of the representatives in Congress from that State in 1860, Mr. Davis de clared himself opposed to secession as lone as the hope of a peaceful remedy remained. As a president, the speaker thought Mr. Davis may have made mistakes. He was a constitutional ruler, not a revolutionary chief, but when the night of defeat was darkening and the dismantled ship of the Confederacy was sinking beneath the waters, he stood at the helm to the last. A TRIUMPHAL PROCESsioN. 11i referred to the popular dern stratiou of affection which always at tended Mr. Davis' appearance in pub lic, and referred with deep feeling to the occasion when his remains were en route to Richmond for tinal burial. No cooquerer's march was ever half so triumpaant. la the capitals through which it passed, his body lay in state, visited by thousands, and everywhere along tne way the people, old and young, thronged and stood with un covered head day and night along the railroads as the train rolled by, to tes tify their devotion to the dead. It was spontaneous; it was universal. A TYPICAL SOUTHERNER. General Lee's peroration was a mig - nilicent tribute to Mr. Davis as the typical southerner. "As a soldier, his brilliant and promising career was cut short. He nau no opportunity to develop the great qualities of Lee, the prince of commanders As a stateman, he did not quite reach, perhaps, the cnmmanding staae of Calhoun, to whose work he succeede 1. As an ora tor, he may have lacked the impetu ouis ferver of Yaacey, the splendid de claimation of Lmtr-ae surpassed them all in his majestic strengt, the chaste-beauty of his thought, and his thrilling earnestness. But Davis was greater than tiem all in that he com oined them ali. He was an acom plished soldier, a great stateman, and a consumate orator. He was the typi cal southerner of his day and of all time. "Around him stool that mirvelous group-L- theiovar of cuivarlry; Jackson, the genius of war; Toombs, the thunderer of debate; Benjamia, the jurist; Campoell, the judge; Bled soe, the scholar; Hunter, the states maa-men fit to measure with the knight iest. Yet, from the vantage ,round of history his sublime head lifts itself above tnem all. IN VIRGINIA's SOIL. "It is mete and fittiog that the Ishes of the great should rest in Vir -inia's soil Round him sleep the mighty ones who have gone before roldiers who won American lioerty; lurists who gave it perpetual form; statesmen who titled its flag with stars and made it nonorable ttiroughout :he world. Let Richmond be added :o Mount Vernon. Monticello and [exington. The south has committed ;ne b-eeping of his ashes to the mfther >f States and statesmen. Let 'him dleep in Virginia, where every river whispees of Confederate heroism, and and every hill was crimsoned with the sold ters' blood. Let him rest in Rich fl )d, nis capital, the city which he wvalled around with the breasts of the >ravCst of the brave. His mem~ry is safe wiih you. YToi were faithtut to :he living, you will not forget he dead. "In calmer years, whea the last ember of sectional feeling has burned out, and the last cord of love has gent ly bound the hearts of all Americans together, fathers will bring their little ::hildren to this spot and tell of a pure great man, who satfered for his people and for the right, as they under stood it, and how for this they loved him as they loved no oilher. L ong as yonder river shall roll1 its tide to the sea, it shall behold no man more knigtly. "Hie was a very perfect gentle knight. May the story o- his life be sweet in days to come, and, at last all men cotne to understand dJetferson Davis. The benediction closed the exercises, and the great and weary, but still en rthusiastic crowd began to leave Mon roe park for places to quence thirst, to appease hunger and to obtain needed rest. THE RETREaT BEGiINS. Tonight the city is resonant with the sunds of departing ca:ngsi anid their bands playing the airs of-'ixie." Tne serenade to Mrs. Jetferson Davis at the Jetferson ho:el by residents and visiting Marylanders, accompanied by the band of the Fifth Maryland regi ment. consisting of 40 pieces, was one of the notable events of the night, and was attended by all the celebrities at the reunion. THE (aKEP: m'as RE.EPrioN. G overnor OWharrell gave a reception at the executive mansion tonight at which visitors f rom every State in the south calied to pay- their respects to \irginia's distinguished go vernor. Wnen the reception to Mrs. D~avis at the .Jetiers~n had concluded early to. night. the lady way taken to the Ma sonic temple, where she was greeted by a large assemblage ot the sons and daugniters of the Cunfederate veterans. Tiwith other social reunions co-a cddthe meetings antcih, hrave been productive of so much good feelin4 at tendaut upon the sixth annual reun ion of the United Coc federate veterans and the laying of the corner st<>ue of the mounment to Jetlerson Davis. Broke uip tit Giai; - Sr. Locis Jly- L.- Wnat promnised to be oue of the miost dangerous gangs of counterfeiters operatinug in recent years was captured by secret service detectives at 1521 P'endleton avenue this mo-rning. Tuose under arrest are are Dr. Adlelia WValt~ers, a lady homeo path, R alph Creese, WV. Hf. Miller and Walter Creese. A search of the house dmtwelosed a comnplete outmit of the tin est uualityV, incliutg all the neces sary oaraphernaha for making photc gravures of United States currency. A further search resulted in the liad ing of a num ber of negatives of United States bills and a quantity of black WEITHER AND THE CROPS. WEEKLY REPORT OF THE CONDITION iN THIS STATE. Cottcu, Corr, Rice nad the Fruit Crops Generally favurable-The Melon Crop Threatened:with Failure. The followinz weekly bulletin, is sued by Observer Bauer yesterday, covers the weather and crop coni tions for the week ending Saturday June 27, and in its preparation were used reports from one or more corres pondents in eiach county of the State. WEATHER. The week under review opened with normal temperature, but the heat increased during the week so that by the end it was from 6 to 8 degrees warmer than normal, the average having been - ner day for the weel. The average of . stations reporting mean temperature was 82, and the normal for the same period isapproxi niately 79. The mean ranged between 84, at Kingstree, Oakwood, Clemson College and Waterloo, and 77at Gilli sonville. The highest temperature for the week was 1U2 reborted from Gillison ville on the 2Gth and 101 reported reportrd from Blackville on the 27th; the lowest was 6L reported from Spar tanburg on the 21st. The rainfall was poorly distributed and came mostly in the form of show ers, which were very partial. In the central and western counties the rain fall was very light, while over the eastern portions of the State general ly there was a slight excess. Crops are suffering for want of rain in Un ion, Edgetield, Lexington, Barnwell, Fairfield, Aiken, portions of Newber ry, Laurens, Anderson, Oconee and Greenville, but as yet corn is the only crop needing rain seriously, and that has suffered no injury from lack of moisture but which a rain within a week or two would qiickly remedy. The ground is too wet in portions of Orangeourg, Darlington, Florence and Cnestertield where farm work was somewhat retarded. The following heavey rains were reported: Black ville 2.07, Florence 1.15; Charleston 1.78; Kingstree 1.55; St. George's1.82; St. Matthews 1.59; Yemassee 1.41; Tiller's Ferry 1.53; Gillisonville 1.37; Andersoa 1.11; Elloree 2.80; Etlia5 ham 1.81; Darlington 4.52; Columbia 1.33; Chesterfield 2.85; Society Hill 2.38: Clio 2.00. It will be seen that with the exception of 1.11 at Ander son, all the heavy rain fell in the eastern half of the State. In addition to the a bove, 22 stations reported rain fall for the week in amounts ranging from 0.03 to 1O inch. Tne average of 39 stations was 1.10, and the normal for the eame period is approximately 1.31. The rainfall in Darlington on the 24th was phenomenaL In the town of Darlington, and a few miles north and west of same, it was estimated that more than 6 inches fell. The 4.52 reported above fell 3 miles south east of Darlington. There was an excass over the usual amount of sunshine, except in the eastern and southeastern ortions, where the sunshine was deficlent, and was only about 40 per cent, of the possible. In the western counties it ranged from 70 to 94 per cent. of the possible, the normal for the State is approximately 68. C~oPs. The past wee'k was generally favor able for crop development, but there were excepttons in the western coun ties. where it is too dry for corn, and in the northeastern, where it is too wet for cultivation--excessive rain in O~rangebuirg, Chesterfield, Darlington, Marlboro and Florence interfered with dield work; never the less crops over the whole State are generally well cultivated and free from grass. The reports on corn, for the first time during the season, are unfavora. ble. Corn is firing badly in Florence, Kershaw, Berkeley, Lexington, Barn well, H~ampton, Aiken and Marlboro. Is needing rain in it 'c)unties. Too much water on b->ttoms in Orange burg. Insects damaging stands in Eershaw and Lexingtoa. In places it is tasselling low, but sinking welL It is being laid by generally, although late coru still being plowed. The heat during the latter portion of the week seems to have been injurious to corn, but the crop as a whole is still very promising. Tnere is a decided improvement in cotton over the previous week. Lice nave not yet entirely dissappeared, but nearly so. But little damage resultd fron lice, and thatis being rapidly en atcted under the favorable influence of the prevailing heat. Cotton is gener ally blooming and fruiting welL. Too much water in bottoms in Orangeburg waere also stands are very much brok~en. Ils needing rain in AikeD Is loosing lower leaves in Cherteraeld. Is generally clean, well cultiv'ated and in a very promising condition. SeaPIsland cotton doing well lately. Tobacco made fair progress and is being upped in Kershaw and Flor ence. Tne crop is very irregular as to gro wth, even in the same held plants range from a fe w inches to four feet in height, in Kershaw. Cane growing well generally, and rice very much improved and free from parasites. Melons generally inferior being small and poor. Fungous disease of vines seems to be spreading. Lice in jured vines in Charleston and Barn well. Peas are coming to fine stands gen eralty. A bout all planted that will be. Fruit generally scarce. Peaches and apples still droppoing and but few left te ripen. Seasonable berries con ti nue plentiful. Mualoerries ripening. G-rapes needing rain in Oconee; are rotting to a considerable extent before ripentug. S.-'e:. poate are growing luixuri ar tiy. Too dry in Aiken and Edge :ield to continue transplanting. Gardens are in good condition where there was plenty of rain, but are not doing well where rain is need ed. Fine solid heads of caobage are reported from Greenville. The army worm has appeared in grass tields in Charleston county. Cut His Own Throar. CH L TT ANooGA, July 1.-James Pinkney, a prominent merchant of Cressville, Tenn., was this morning found lying unconscious ina ool of his ona blood. An open razor was clasp ed in his hand and his throat was cut. The jugular vein was severed and he sou expired. Deceased sent his wif e out of the room on an errand that she might not witness the deed. Anxiety oyer business affairs is thought to have led him to take his life. Pinckney . hadl onsiale Mproperty.