The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, May 06, 1896, Image 1
VOL. XI. MANNING., S. C.. WEDNESDAY, NO. 41.
RESULTS OF CUtBA'S WAR.
THE INTERIOR CF THE ISLAN. HELD
BY THE PATRIOTS.
Spanish Armies Numbering '!:S'93 Men.
Unable to Check Them--Org nization of
the Cuban Government--.The Futility of
Trochs..
The importanceof the results achiev
ed thus far by the Cuban insurgents is
demonstrated by the uowerful army
which Spain is obliged to keep in the
island and with which she is still un
able to put down the revolution. In
"El ano Politico" (the political year)
a book just published at Madrid by a
memberof the cortes, SenorSolderilla,
the following estimate is made from
official sources, of the number of men
sent to the field against the patriots by
the Spanish government:
Spanish regular troops in Cuba
when the revolution broke
out Feb. 24,1S95......... 13,000
First expedition from Spain... S,593
Secondexpedition.......... 7,477
Third expedition............. 4,08S
Fourth expedition..--........2.902
Fifth expedition.............. 9,001
Sixth exoedition.............. 29,055
Seventh expedition........... 26,639
Eighth expedition............. 9,033
Ninth expedition............. 18,901
Troops at Porto Rico sent to
Cuba...................... 1,562
Cavalry detachment paid by the
merchants at Habana....... 300
Naval infantry incorporated in
the army................... 3,000
Volunteers of Habana........ 2,000
Volunteers sent from Spain.... 2,500
Criminals pardoned in Spanish
prisons and enlisted as sol
diers....................... 2,500
Reserves called out to replace
thedead............... 23,000
New reserves called out at the
end of 1895................. S,000
- Total men................172,295
To these may be added the expedi
tion of 16,000 men sent to the island
in February, 1896, and not included
in the estimate of Senor Solderilla,
which refers to the year 1S95, and the
50,000 volunteers employed for the
garrison of Habana and the principal
towns of Cuba. That makes a total of
238,295 men in arms on the Spanish
side. And it was said lately, that
General Weyler had asked for more
re-enforcements.
The above figures are eloquent to
prove that the revolution is not a ne
gro movement and an uprising of out
laws, having against them the large
majority of the Cubans, as the Span.
ish government usually states.. They
prove also that the Cuban army is not
a band of bandits without a military
organization and intelligent leaders.
A band of bandits does not require
238,295 soldiers, under the command
of the, best Spanish generals to sup
press it.
The Cuban army number 45,000
men, as stated before in The Sun. It
is divided in five army corps, the first
four operating in the provinces of
Santiago de Cuba, Puerto Principe,
Las Villas and Matanzas, and the last,
called also the invading army, oper
ating in Habana and Pinat- del Rio.
At the present moment the Cubans
are in possession of the six provinces
-in which the islanid is divided, with
the exception of the seapdrts and the
princinal towns in'the interior. Out
side the towns the Spanish have no
control. The soldiers hold only the
land on which they step as they pass
from one town to another. 'The
whole country is in the hands of the
patriots, and in some parts of the is
land, as in the Orient, their troops are
undisturbed. General Calixto Garcia,
'with the men of the Bermuda expedi
tion, landed there. He is unmolested
by the Spanish, and employs his time
at present in orgyanizing and training
his troops for an attack upon the en.s
my.
People not conversant with Cuban
affairs cannot easily understand two
things: First, how it is that the Cu
bans are not in possession of an im
portant town or seaport, and, second,
how with only 45,000 men, and not so
well armed as the Spanish,- they can
stand successfully against 238,295 men.
With regard to the interior towns the
situation is explained by the fact that
in an attack upon them many Cuban
families, including those of some of
the Cubans in the army would perish
either from Spanish revenge from
bullets of thepatriots. When the rev
olution broke out Cubans and Span
iards lived together in the towns. The
Cubans for the most part were married
* or had parents and relatives, while
the Spaniards were single,having their
parents and relatives in Spain. The
Cubans left in the towns their families
when they went to the country to join
*the insurgent army. Having r-emem
-brance of the experience of the war of
1868, when the women who took the
field proved a burden for the Cuban
soldiers, and some of them were the
victims of infamous outrages by the
Spanish, they preferred to leave their
failies in the towns, where cruelties
cannot be committed openly without
arousing public indignation and per
haps inviting the protest of foreign
representatives. But notwithstanding
the danger of their families, the Cu
oans would seize an important town,
especially a seaport, if they had bel
ligerent rights and were in possession
of a navy which would enable them
to keep it- At present the Cubans
cannot hope to possess war ships.- The
American public is well aware of how
many difficulties the Cubans encount
er in sending even an expedition to
Caba. Their ships are liable to seizure
and detention, and have to sail as
merchant steamers when at ha t they
find a chance to start. It is a mi.stake,
therefore, to compare the situation of
the Cubans with that of the Confeder
ates during the civil war in this coun
try. The seaports of the Confederacy
were not occupied by the Federals
when the war began. It was a strug
gle of the south against the north,
each side having its own territory and
its own cities. Cuba's war is the up
rising of a colony against its govern
ment, of the natives of an island
agairnst their oppressors, with the lat
ter possessing all the bene fits of bel
ligerency.
The following sketch of the progress
of the revolution from its humble be
ginning until December, 1895, is taken
from a book by Senor Fidel G. Pierra
under the tiule of "Cuba, Physical
Features of Cuba; Hecr Past, Present
and Possible Future."
"The uprising torok place on the
24th of Feoruary, 1s95, in the prov
ince of Santiago de Cuba and in other
places. During the first month the
success of the movement was rather
doubful and it was only saved by
the firmness and resolution of some of
the chiefs, especially by Bartolome
and Guillermo Moncada, who. al
though they saw that the people did
not respond as quickly as it was ex
pected, refused to listen to any propo
sition to give up the attempts. On the
:31st of March General Antonio Maceo.
his brother Jose. Flor Cromibet, and
Agustin Cebreco. all veteran leaders,
with 22 others, landed at Duaba, near
l3arnacoa, and as soon as they joined
those who were already in arms, and
the news of their arrival reached San
tiago and other cities, the aspect of
things changed. and men who until
then hesitated to support the move
ment began to join the army. On the
11th of April Gen. Maximo Gomez
and Jose Marti with six friends land
ed at the southeastern extremity of
Cuba, and having joined Maceo, a
general plan was arranged whereby
General Maceo was to remain in the
province of Santiago, and Gen. Go
mez was to proceed to Camaguay as
general-in-chief of the army. Before
the landing of Generals Maceo and
Gomez the majority of those in arms
were colored men, but immediately
after, the proportion of white began
to increase, and although in the prov
ince of Santiago the colored element
preponderated in the rank ahd filethe
great majority of the olicers were
white, while in Camaguey, on the
contrary, the army under Gomez from
the beginning was composed almost
exclusively of whites. On the 25th of
July, the expeditions commanded by
Roloff, Sanchez and Rodriguez landed
in the province of Santa Clara not far
from Trinidad.
From this moment the success of
the revolution was entirely assured.
Maximo Gomez established his head
quarters not far from the city of Pue
tro Principe, and devoted himself
with great energy to the organization
of the army, and to devising a gener
al plan of campaign. The first en
counter between the Spanish army
and the Cuban forces took place in
the province of Santiago at 'Los Ne
gros. The Cubans were led by Jesus
Rabi, now a brigadier general, and
although the Cubans were very poor
ly armed, the Spanish forces were
routed. The second encounter was
at El Guanabana, the Spaniards com
manded by Santocides and the Cubans
by General Moso The Spaniards
were again routed, having lost 206
men. The Cuban loss was 35. The
next important move made by the
Cubans was the simultanious attack
on the villages El Cristo and El Caney,
and a railroad train carrying arms and
ammunition. Botts villages were cap
tured by the Cucans and the barracks
destroyed. The train was also cap
tured with 200 rifles and 40,000 cart
ridges. These operations were direct
ed by Gen. Maceo. Next came the at
tack and capture of the fort of Ramon
de las Yagnas, where the Cubans took
possession of 150 rifles and 30.000 cart
ridges. Shortly after they attacked
and captured the Dort of Campechueia,
which they held for two or three days.
Another important encounter was that
of Yuragnanas, where the Spaniards
were routed, leaving on the field 77
dead, arms, ammunition and baggage.
After some other minor encounters,
about the nidile of July the impor
tant battle of Peratej was fought.
The Spaniaras were commanded by
Gen. Campos himself and the Cubans
by Gen. Maceo. The former was ut
terly routed, losing over 400 men,
mong them one of their- generals,
idel Santocides, and Martinez Camp
os5 himself came very near falling
nto the hands of the Cubans. Next
ame the capturer of Baire by the
ubans. Afterwards came the battle
f Descanso del Muerto, where, the
Spaniards sulifered heavy losses and
abandoned arms, ammunition and
aggage.
"The increase in number during
August and September of the army
uder Gomez in Camaguey, and in
he army in Santa Clara commanded
y Roloff, Sanchez and Rodriguez, en
ouraged General Gomez to prepare
n important movement toward the
west, and he announced that by Christ
nas he would be with his army near
atanzas and Habana. At the same
ime he issued an order to all the
lanters of Santa Clara, Mantanzas
nd Habana forbidding the grinding
f sugar cane this year. Gen. Marti
ez Campos~ then answered that the
sugar crop would certainly be gather
d this year, and he would see to it,
romising that by the last of Decem
er there would not be a single rebel
left in Santa Clara province. About
he beginning of October, General
Gmez began to prepare for his march
o the west, and ordered Gener al Ma
ceo to join him as soon as possible.
Some weeks later it was reported by
the Spaniards that General Maceo was
ead; then that his army had been
ispersed, and later that nobody knew
where he and his army were. At that
ime General Maceo was going over
the distance of 300 miles at forced
arches to join General Gomez. They
et about Placeta, in the pr-ovince of
Santa Clara, and continued their
westward march, 'carrying before
hem everything which obstructed
hemi in their for ward movement, and
y Christmas eve both generals were
establishing their headquarters with
n a few miles of Matanzas and Sa
ana, while Gen. Campos was flying
o Habana, as he said, to direct opera
tions from the capital. When Gen.
Martinez Campos entered Habana on
the 25th of December he did not know
where his army was, as all conmmuni
cation between himself and the vari
ous divisions had been cut off by the
ubans. Gomnez's promise had been
made good, while General Campos, as
e himself declared in his speech at
Eabana, had been entirely undone by
those of wvhom lie haa spoken so light
Since that time the Cubans have
had one triumph after another. Gen.
acco invaded the province or Pinar
del Rio, and on Jan. 93 took possession
f Mantua, the miost westera town of
the islaud. Frm~ a Nov. :3, when he
started from llolguin, on Jan. 2:3 he
had marched, iighting nearly every
day against the Spani'sh troops, 379
Spanish leagues, and had captured
from the enemyI tLree canuous anid
about 3,t'.0 rides a ad up 'u eartridges.
ie had only :30 mn kiled and 160i
wounded. From Feb. tJ to March 1t9
he abandoned the province of Pinar
de Rio and retired to a place near
Colon. Then he invaded Pinar del
Rio again, defeating in every enicoun
ter the Spanish~f who tried to oppose
hii. lu-ring that time hie marched
several thousaud staussT of arms and
much ammlaunition. Thle nrincipal
battles of these successfal campaigns
are those of Jobito, Mat Tenmplo, Cali
mete, Ratabano and Caudelai-ia, all
described in the report of Brigadier
i,-. chief of M1ac's sutt published
in The Sun. In the mean time Gomez
moved to the Orient, making also a
successful campaign in Las Villas. He
attacked Santa Clara, -capturing a
large supply of arms and ammuution.
but abstaining from harm to the- city
for the sake of the Cuban families liv
ing there.
The present situation is 4s follows:
In the province of Pinar del Rio is
Maceo with more than 12,000 men.
encamped near the trocha or military
wall made by the Spanishfrons Mariel
to Majana to prevent him from pass
ing into the province of Habana.
Gomez is marching to the Occident
probably, with the intention of attackt
iag the trocha and aiding Maceo in
passing it Great concentration of
Cuban forces are being made in the
province of Habana, and an impor
tant engagement is expected at any
moment., The battle of Lechuza, which
was fought a few days ago, was a
brilliant triumph for Maceo as Perat
ejo, gives hope for a result equally
satisfactory to Cubans in the suture
encounter.
From these facts it will be seen that
the Cubans have accomplished impor
tant results, even if they are not in
possession of any important city.
Now, as to their ability to defeat the
Spaniards, although fewer in number
and under many disadvantages. It
can be explained by two principal.
facts. First, the superiority of the
Cuban generals over the Spanish com
manders, and, second, the superiority
of the Cuban soldiers over the Span
ish rank- and file. The Cubans are
fighting for an ideal and the Spanish
because obliged to do so by their gov
ernment. Gen. Martinez Campos was
bitterly attacked in Spain for his fail
ure to stop the revolution. -Notwith
standing this, he was a brave soldier
and an able political leader. But
Gomez is undoubtedly a military ge
nius, and Maceo has proved the pos
session of no .less skill and courage.
After Campos, Weyley took com
mand of the Spanish army. He has
demonstrated his cruelty upon de
fenceless and peaceful people, bat has
not shown talents as a military leader.
What he'is doing is considered proof
of his incapacity by some critics. In
the former Ten Years' War trochas
proved to be a failure from a military
standpoint. The formidable trochaof
Mormon was passed by Gomez in
1875. In this war it was passed again.
several times by Gomez and Maceo.
The same trocha from Mariel to Maja
na was passed before by Maceo him
self and other Cuban leaders with
small forces, and by Gomez three
months ago. Now Weyler has con
centrated there his main forces, and.
to do this he has been obliged toaban
don the other parts of the island,
while Maceo, in possession of the Pinar
del Rio province, does not intend to
try to pass until he can do it with suc
cess. Nothing can be better for the
Cubans than a trocha, the patriots
say. While the Spanish are kept in
one small line, the Cubans, on one side
and the other, without the least dis
turbance, levy their taxes and en
force their laws over the whole coun
try.
The formidable army which Spain is
obliged to keep in Cuba is one proof
of the strength of the Cubans and
their control over. the country. An
other proof is the fact that they stopp
ed sugai- grinding throughout' the' s
iand. -The first order to stop the -grinds
ing was issued in July. -
Then the purpose of - Gomez was a
taned. To sorne complaints, of suga..
estate proprietors he replied in another
proclamation under the date of No
ember 11, in which these words 6c-'
cur:
"I therefore place the responsibility
for so great a ruih on those who look
on impassively and force us tqthe ex
treme measures which they. then con
demn like dolts and hypocrites that
they are. Af ter so many years of sup
plication, humiliation, contumely,
banishment and death, when this peo
ple, of its own will, has arisen in arms
there remains nothing else to do but to
triumph; it matters not what 'means
are employed to accomplish it."
The severity of these meastures was
palliated to some extent by the provi
sional government of the republic, and
for the sake of the Cuban families liv
ing in the interior towns, beef and cat
te, as well as some other provisions
were allowed to enter upon payment
of a war tax.. -Furthermore, as stated
in the proclamation of President Sal
vador Cisneros, issued at Najasa, in
last February, those sugar plantations
were allowed to grind whose proprie
tors had made~ special arrangements
with Cuban chiefs before the decree of
Gomez of July,- and had- paid a heavy
contribution. As stated in the letter
of T.- Estrada Palma to Richard Olney,
secretary of state, under the date of
January 7, of this year, and reprinted
for the use of the senate at'Washing
ton, "the reasons underlying Gomez's
orders are the same which caused this
country to destroy the cotton crop and
the baled cotton in the south during
the war of the secession." The effect
of Gomez's order is clearly seen at pre
sent. The island is ruined and Spain
is obliged to furnish all the money' re
quired for the war out of her own ex
bausted treasury. For one year, for
two years perhaps, Spain may be able
to borrow. But afterwards what shall
she do? 'The war expenses of Spain
are 'estimated at $6'0J00,000 every
month.,
If it asked from what sources the
Cubans derive their money, it is neces
sary first to explain what is the Cuban-.
goermenut and how it works. .Ona
April 1. 18115, Jose Marti landed in
Cuba. His first step was to issue a call
for the el'ectiohi'of -representatives of
the Cuban people to form a civil gov
ernmen't- He was killed in'an encoun
ter with the Spanish, -bo.:t his call was
complied with. Twenty representa
tives from all the provinces were elec
ted to the~constitutent assembly, -which
met at Jimagnayu,.province of Puerto.
P~ricipe, September 13,. 1895. . On
September 16 the assembly adopted a
constitution of the Republic of Cuba.
And on the -18th the- provisional gov'
ernent 'was elected~ in accordance
with this terms of the coastitution. It
is compdied .thuis:
Presid1e't, Sibrgdor Cisnteros Betan
court of Puer~to.Principe..
Vice president, ;Bartolomne Massa of
Manillo. -----
Secretary of, war, -Garlos RololF- of
Sata Olara - -
Secretary of the interidr, Santiago
Garcia Canizares'of Remedios. -
Secretary of foreign relations, .Ra
fael M. 1.'ortuondo of Santiago de
Cuba.
Four sub-secretaries were also elect
ed, among them Dr. Joaquindel Cas
tiui of the treasury, who came to New
York on a special commission from
the government, and is now sub dele
gate of the Cuban revolutionary party
time General Gomez was chosen com
mander-in-chief of the army. General
Antonio Maceo as the second in com
mand, with the title of lieutenant
general, and Senor Thomas Estranda
Palma as delegate plenipotentiary and
general agent of the republic abroad.
As soon as the members of the govern
ment took possession of their offices or
ders were issued to divide the provin
cas into prefectures. On each of these
taxes are imposed on all articles of
commerce entering into the towns.
For the purpose of properly collecting
the taxes., the roads to all the cities,
as well as the coast are patrolled by
the Cubans.. The money collected,
which ambhts'some months to sev
eral thousands of dollars is sent to
New York to Senor Palma to be spent
for arms and ammunition. The fund
so formed is called here the treasury of
of the republic. There is another treas
ury in the junta, that of the Cuban
reolutionary party.
The Cuban revolutionary party is
the organization founded by Jose
Marti in the United States by which
he obtained the necessary elements to
work for several years in preparing
for the revolution. The party is com
posed of the many Cuban political
clubs which exist in the United States.
The clubs elect the delegate and treas
urer of the party, and there is a coun
cil formed of the presidents of all the
clubs. The members of the clubs in
clude most of the cigarmakers and
employees of the Cuban cigar factories
in the United States. They number
over 1S,09.Q and contribute for the Cu
ban fund 10 per cent. of their wages
and the whole product of one day of
labor during the week. They do even
more. When money is needed for
some special purpose,.as after some un
fortunate event. which has entailed
extraordinary expense they give one
day o? labor mere to "Cuba Libre."
After the wreck of theiawkins, for
instance, this was'done in order to pre
pare the next expedition of General
Calixto Garcia. After tie firstunsuc
cessful attempt of the Bermuda to sail
from this port, they offered to make
the same contribution, but Delegate
Palma did not like to accept the offer,
having then money enough to proceed
with his work, The patriotism of the
Cubans seems exhaustless. They all
contribute to the Cuban fund,
from the highest to the lowest.
The amount collected monthly by
the Cubans, without including extraor
dinary gifts of sympathizers, is from
W8,000 to $100,000. It isemployed'in
buying arms and ammunition for the
Cuban army and steamers in which
to send the expeditions. Although
all the power is in the hands of the
delegate, who appoints the secretary
of the party, now Senor Gonzala de
Quesada, who is in.Washington, Senor
Palma consults voluntarily on im
portant matters some prominent Cu
ban living in New York. The infor
mal coundillors constitute what is im
properly called the Junta in-the Am
erican newspapers. No such organiza
tion as the Junta.really exists. It is a
word which remains over from the last
war in 1868, when an organized Cuban
-u-nta existed in New York, presided
over by the wealthy Cuban, Senor
Miguel Aldama. The treasurer of the
revoltionary party is SenorBenjamin
Guerra. When the time for the elec
tion of delegate approached this year
all the clubs decided that the delegate
should be the plenipotentiary appoint
ed. by the g:>vernment of the republic,
now Senor Palma, who will probably
bold the'oflice until the independence
f Cuba. - -
The letter addressed by Senor Palma
to Secretary of State Olney, and
quoted above, ends with these w->rds:
"In view of the history of this re
volution as herein stated, in view of
the causes which led to it, its rapid
growth, its successes in arms, -the
establishment, operation and resources'
of the government of the Cubali re
public, the organization, number and
discipline of its armies, the contrast in
the treatment of prisoners to that of
the enmey, the territory in its control
and subject t- the carrying-out of -its
decrees; of-the'futility-of-the attempts
of the Spanish government to crush,
the revolution, in spitee.of: irhe im&
mense increase of jts~grmy in Cuba
and of its blockade'and the man~yi.1i
ions spent for that pui-'pos, the c'nel
ies which, on the part of the-S-panish?,'
have-especially -hacterized1is san
guinary and tiercely. condmcted- war
and the.damage to the injtesets of..he
itizens of this countryy~decthe pres:
ent conditions, I, as th# ,uly accredl
ited representative, in the nameofte
uba-n -people in-in-s 'tho h#&
rought singly andalloie - against'the
nonachy of Spain- for--early a year
in the heart otascontinent. devoted to
republian institutions,in:tae,uamne of
justtice, in the name of . Jgmanitym in
he name of liberty, 'petition you, and
through you the government of the
inited States, to accord the rights of
elligerency to a people' Eghting -for
their absolute independence." -
A Case of self-Defence.
SPARTAsBUnO. S. C.; April 29.-This
morning about sunrise a strangei- call
ad at the jail and asked to see Deputy
Dean, if he staid there. Dean said he
lid. The stranger, whose- name was
W. M. Scruggs, said he .had killed a
man by the name of .Turner, and had
:ome to surrender. On Sunday night
wo inn Henry Black-well and Tur
cer, wvent to the House of Scruggs.
ear Ez'ell's postotlice, aroused and
threatened- him, and then went off.
After they left the par ties said that
hey interided to-return, and Scruggs
gaded a single barrel shotgun. When
they returnled. Turner alone -went
to the house, and was forcing his way.
in a threatening manner.. when he
shot him. He did not wait for arrest
but camne to town and surrendered.
rhose who were at the inquest yester
day say Scrugg was actin-g in self der
fence. He was about-54 years of age.
Suicide in Atlanta.
AUGUsTA, Ga.,' Apil 30.-The dead
body of Gus Schlessinger who covn
nitted suicide, by taking morphiune at
iLhe Kimball house last Tuesday, was
found in a room in that hotel this af
ternoon. Schlessinger was a salesman
for Biseman and WVeil, Whitehall
sreet clothiers, He was 35 years of
age. He camne to Atlanta'from Macon
several years ago, and had many
friends. Tuesday he registered at the
Kimball as '.:A. Brown, city." He
was given a room and had not been
seen since that time,- until the chamn
ber maid found the partly decomposed
body this~afternoon. The cause of the
suicide irunknown.
Explos.Ion Kilis a Hundred.
Lexuos. Apri-l30.-An explosion by
which 100. pe-rsons are -believed to have
perished, has occurred at Micklefield,
Yorkshire. The explosion took place
in a colliery. Twenty injured per-.
TILLMIANS PITCHFORK.
HE PLUNGES IT DEEP INTO THE AR
MOR PLAl E TRUST.
Sharp Criticism of Retired Naval Officers
Who Serve Two Masters-A Running De
bate With Senator Gray of Delaware.
Senator Tillman is a member of the
Naval Affairs Committee and as such
took part in a running debate in the
Senate Monday. He said:
Mr. President. as a member of the
Committee on Naval Affairs I have
taken a great deal of interest in the in
vestigation which has been under dis
cussion here, and I have listened with
a great deal of pleasure, and I must
say wiith some amusement. to this de
bate, which, it seems to me, is one of
taste. Senators will remember the old
adage that on questions of taste people
must be allowed to disagree.
The committee, I think, had in view
and very rightly, in presenting the
amendment the :topping of a scandal,
to prevent a man from being accused
of improper or dishonorable action or
even suspected of it. In investigating
the question of the cost of armor we
the armor-plate manufacturers and the
government were enemies Their in
terests are directly opposed to each
other. The government wants to get
the armor of the very best quality at
as low a price as possible. The manu
facturer wants to get the last dollar
possible.
Now, we find in the employ of the
manutacturers two of the ablest ofli
cers of the United States Navy that I
have ever met. I hope we have a great
(any if them. I have not met a great
many like them, but I doubt it. The
government has educated those men at
its own expense. It has had them in
its employ until the time has come un
der the law when they could be re
tired or when they were forcibly re
tired, and they go upon handsome pay.
They go into retirement not as beggars
as the Senator from Delaware (Mr.
Gray) says, but their pay is such that
they can live comfortably if they had
nothing else.
Mr. Gray: It is $75 a month.
Mr. Tillman: Is that all? I think
the Senator is mistaken.
Mr. Gray: They are nct retired on
the longevity plan.
Mr. Tillman: They are retired for
disability.
Mr. Tillman:.Of course I do not say
that a man can live handsomely on
$75 a month in this community. I
have discovered the contrary. But
here are men who hold the right for
the balance of their lives to draw on
the Treasury for so much money.
That is, they come and draw their pay
on the retired list. They certainly
owe the government some obligation
and if they were not in a semi-capaci
ty at least in the employ of the gov
ernment, with the right of the govern
ment to call on them, they would be
under no moral obligation
Mr. Gray: That is right.
Mr. Tillman: The Senator acknowl
edlge that they are under a moral ob
ligation to the government of some
kind. Let us see to what extent it
goes. They are now in the employ of
enemies of the government, men who,
I said, are trying to get all they can
out of the government They are
using the skill which the government
has furnished the min educating them;
they. are using the technical knowl
edge in the management and construc
tion of ships wbich tiey received
from the government in helping the
enemies of the government to cheat
the government or to rob it. If that
is not a position in which no honora
ble man would like to be placed, I ask
the Senator from Delaware just to tell
me what sort of a position it is?
Mr. Gray: As the Senator from
Bouth Carolina puts the question, I
will agree with him- entirely, and that
is the trouble all through this debate.
You put the question in such guise as
j~ts-your own argument. But'that
oes not-suit the facts. That is what
Ehave been trying to show..,JI will
gree wi~th the Senator perfegtly, that
in:theg ay he puts it he is right; but
let me ssk the Senator if I iri not tres
passing' on his patience-d
fir. Tr11man: Certainly not.
r Ghay: This is a matter of some
importanca,-.perha8ps. He says that he
has in the course of the performance
#his duty as a member of the Coin
ittee *on N~aval' Affairs 'discovered
hat the con ractors and the govern
ent are etittes. -
Mr. Tillmnan: I have. -
Mr. Gray: Are.-.hey enemies after
th-e contract is made. in the same sense
hat thaey were before?.
d[r. tllman: Ofcourse they. are,
briis'reason -
Mr. G'ray: Not if they ae hionora
ble men.
Mr. Tillman: Wait a moment.- We
re tryiug~to discuss what is an honor
ble man,.. Suppose the .contractors
iscover tliat they have au armor plate
which he cost-:themn-seve:ral thousand
ollars ta' manufacture.- the plates
weighing 30 or 40 tons, in which there
are some dlaws and defegts, and the
fficer of the government, who is re
~eiving government pay, knows that
:he plate is not. an honest one under
he contract, could he come a'nd tell us
o? Would he not lose his employ
~ent with the company if he did?
Mr. Hale: Let me ask the Sena'or
?rom South Carolina a question
Mr. Tillman: Certainly.
Mr. Hale: Did the investigation by
he comritte-e disclose a single case
where a naval officer in such employ
sad ever disclosed any defects to the
rovernmnt?
Mr. Tilhwan: :Does the Senator mean
tretired oflicer?
Mr. Haleh Kretired officer.
Mr. Tdiman: We never have heard
f one of them hinting that there was
uything wrong with~ the manuracture.
f armor plate or that the government
d ever been cheated in the slightest
partile. Let us put it in this way:
3upp.,e- instead of sayini that the
maniaturers are enemiehs, which, of
ourse, is a little stretch of the imagi
nation
Mr. Gray: Say they are antagonists.
Mr. Tillman: Say they were Brimsh
>r Spanish people. against whom we.
just now have a kind of aversion.
Mr. Gra,: Say they are antagonisti.
Mr. Tillman: Say these mnanu~fa'
urers were somebody else, an actual
emy, and that these naval oflicers
were in1.heir employ while-receiving
>ur pay. Does the Senator think it <
would be right for the oilicers, while
hey are on our retired list, to go into
he employment of the enemyv. .4
Mr. Gray: I agree with the Senator 1
n that xnspect.
Mr. Tillman: I think we will get
he Senator~ down to a point where hie
will withdraw his objection and let ~i
e mmitteeamenlmeznitothrough. 1j
Mr. Gray: Go on and let us see.
Mr. Tillman: The Senator said a lit
tle while ago that we were acting only
for the government. We are appropri
ating money for both sides.
Mr. Gray: How?
Mr. Tillman: We are appropriating
to pay the retired officers in the employ
of our enemy.
Mr. Gray: We pay them whether
they are so employed or not.
Mr. Tillman: Very well. We want
them to get out of that, as a matter of
decency, as a matter of taste. We
want them to get into an employ in
which the government has no inter
est, in which their talents cannot be
used to cheat the government.
Mr. Gray: How can their talents
be used to cheat the government?
Mr. Tillman: These otlicers are
right here using their technical skill
in drawing up contracts for the com
pany, and they get every advantage
they can in drawing specifications for
the contractors.
Mr. Gray: Do they make contracts
for armor plates?
Mr. Tillnan: They are here as rep
resentatives of the contractors to draw
contracts between the government and
the factory.
Mr. Gray: I have asked once or
twice whether anybody knows that
fact. I have not received any reply.
Mr. Chandler: The Secretary of the
Navy now meditates making a con
tract with these two concerns, who are
in combination and not competing
with each other, for $3,000,000 worth
of armor for the Kentucky and the
Kearsarge, and of course these two re
tired naval officers are giving their
employers their very best . service in
every direction to get the highest price
for that armor.
Mr. Gray: The question I asked was
whether the officers were acting for
their concerns in making contracts;
whether they were the hand or mind
that made the contract?
Mr. Tillman: We do not pretend
know who is coming forward as the
outative bidder. We suppose the
Bethlehem works and the Carnegie
Iron Works, the only two concerns in
this country that can manufacture
armor plate, will be the only bidders.
We prrsent the spectacle, I may say,
as we are entering on the question of
armor plate, although it is not the
right time, because we have not got
to that quettion, of putting our hands
in the hand cuffs of these two compa
nies. They have formed a trust, and
to the best of my knowledge and be
lief, I am ready to take oath to it, they
propose to rob this government be
cause you have on the statute books a
law requiring us to use only American
armor. Therefore we are in the posi
tion of giving -o a monopoly the right
to charge the United States $600 a ton
for armor which they have sold to the
Russian government for $300.
Mr. Gray: Why do you not repeal
the law?
Mr. Tillman: Very well; I am ready
to go with you to repeal it. I am will
ing to give pi eference to the Ameri
can industry; I want to have armor
plate for American vessels made in
the United States, but I am unwilling
to see monopolies grow rich by put
ting their hands into the pockets of
the United States and taking out as
much as they want.
Mr. Gray: Let us get back to these
officers.
Mr. Tillman: These officers are in
an unfortunate position. Perhaps
they do not realize it, and I am per
haps unfortunate that I can not see
the matter as the Senator from Dela
ware does. He thinks it is honorable
arid in good taste for men who are in
the employ of the government to go
into the employ of our enemies
Mr. Gray: I agree with the Sena
tor abo-ut enemies.
Mr. Tillman: If the armor-plate
manufacturers who have been trying
to get the last dollar from the govern
ment are not enemies, whaat are they?
Mr. Gray: We ought not to have
anything to do with them.
Mr. Tillman: How?
M~r. Gray: By not making any con
tracts with them. If they are enemies
in the sense in which the Senator from
South Carolina asserts they are then I
say that it is the duty of the Navy
Department, it is the duty of Congress
to cut short all connection between us
and them.
Mr. Tillman: That is begging the
guestion. We must have armor made
smewhere. We either have to re
peal the law by which we are forced
o buy American armor-and I have
deard that all the armor-plate manu
acturers of the world are now form
inig a tru~st :to rob the government of
the world
Mr, Gray: Very likely.
Mr.'Tillmant: The only thing we
aan do would be to have an armor
establishment of our own, and take
hese skilled people whom we have
educated and put them their, and put
~he material there, and make our own
rmor.
Mr. Gray: These gentlemen wilt
se very glad if you will.
Mr. Tillman: Let it be cleirly and
listinctly understood that so far as
:his discussion and these individual
rentlemen are concerned, I have no
>ersonal feeling in the world.
Mr. Gray: I understand.
Mr. Tillman: I have no feeling
ibout it.
Mr. Gray: I understand.
Mr. Tillman: I never met them
rior to the time when they came be
ora the committee. I never heard
nything about it until they came
here. Then we discovered the posi
ion which they ocenpied toward the
covernnent and toward the people
,vho are furnishing the government
;ith armor.
It is a scaudal in my ol.inion. I
nay differ with the Senator from
D)daware as to what is gzood taste and
vhat is decent and what is honest, but
~till I believe we ought to require that
10 officers of this government, either
etive or retired, shall receive its pay
mad then go into an employ and use
he brains which he has had educated
t the expense of the government to
he disadvantaze of the government.
Mr. Gray: Before thle Senator from
southi Carolina sits down, I should
ike to ask hinm a question because
.his is the re-ai point in the case, lay
iig aside ak speculation about the
iones y of these men. Is it not to the
nterest of the United States govern
nent whenr it makes a contract with
m I' one of these concerns, to get the
>et possible skill in the performance
>f tne conitract?
Mr. Gray: How is the government
ujured if these otlicers poesss sup-:ri
>r skill and it is devoted to making
he best possible product?
Mr. Tilbauan: We do not say the
~overnmient is injured at all. We
re simnply trying to prevent that feel
n.g of svrong on the part of the tax-i
)ars that here ea men whom they
have educated and trained using the
skill and the education the govern
ment has given them in aid of men
who are not working for the govern
ment's interest. We want the skill
on our side and the honesty, too.
TROUBLE AMONG THE LLOYDS.
Claimants Against Them Can't Collect
Their Money For Losses.
The Columbia State, a few days
ago, published the following in refer
ence to the above insurance compan
ies: The fact was discovered yester
day that last week several attachmert
suits were begun against the Lloyds,
represented by Mr. W. S. Monteith
and an inspection of the court house
showed that papers had been filed in
the following cases and attachments
had been served? Mrs. L. B. Will
iams. .J. E. W. Haile, L. B. McLaurin
and J. S. Moore. Suit has also been
brou. ht by Izlax & Fairey of Orange
burg. Mr. W. S. Monteith was called
upon to explain, and he was very
unwilling to speak on the subject.
He stated, however, that towards the
close of the last month he was sum
moned to New York and there inform
ed that the South and North American
Lloyds, of which he has had the south
ern management, had decided to go
out of business and would at once re
organize, and he was directed to re
turn home and after a certain day to
write no more for them, but to send
in all the policies he nad and new pol
icies of the reorganized Lloyds would
be supplied. Mr. Monteith said that
if this had been done he could have
continued business without interrup
tion. The reorganization, however,
did not take place until about the Sth
or 9th inst., and then it was decided to
write all policies in New York on ap
plications to be sent in from this and
other points. Meantime several losses
had reached a period of maturity and
as Mr. Monteith had up to that time
paid all losses promptly, and as the
interruption above stated had stopped
his collections, he went back to ew
York to urge upon the underwriters
the importance of paying the losses
then mature and also to get them to re
sume business in a way to restore con
fidence: This he was unsuccessful in
doing, and the holders of mature loss
es on the policies have brought suit
and attached the business in his hands.
He says the reason of his unwilling
ness to speak is that he has hoped and
still hopes that the underwriters will
take steps at a very early date to set
tle these matters and go on actively.
He declares that they are all persons
of means and can be made to respond,
but he does not think that the suits
will be allowed to go to judgment.
Commenting on the above the Sum
ter Watchman and Southron says:
"The above article wilt be unwelcome
information to many citizens of this
county who hold policies of insurance
in the Lloyds. It is true that it will
not be a surprise to them, for they
have been prepared for some such in
formation bt the well founded runors
concerning the shaky condition of
the Lloyds that have been in circula
tion for a :nonth or longer. Th.e ru
mors have been condrmed in a very
tangible and unsatisfactory manner
by the failure of the Lloyds to pay
the half dozen or more losses that
they have had in this county within
the last three or four months. Settle
ment has been postponed and decayed
on one subterfuge or another from
time to time, and the policy holders
have been led to hope and to believe
that they would receive this money in
a short "time until recently. Within
the last ten days Mr. WV. S. Monteith,
the State agent of the Lloyds, has
written to the policy holders who have
sustained losses that they had best
place their claims in the hands of an
attorney and follow his advice, if they
wish to obtain anything, thus showing
that the Lloyds had no intention of
paying the losses except under com
pulsion of law.
The following is a list of those who
have claims against the Lloyds in
this county: R. F. Jackson, L. S.
Vinson, E. C. Nicholas. L. D. Jen
nings, R. C. Westberry, Dr. B. Mc
Lauchlin, J. S. Booth & Co., Mrs. S.
Keels, Hazelhurst and Sanders."
Uniform Bales.
From time to time there has been
complaint in the great cotton markets
of the world at the want of uniformi
ty in baling cotton. There has been
much talk of docking cotton not reg
ularly baled, and in some cases this
has been done. To avoid further
trouble the cotton exchanges have
taken the matter up. At a meeting
recently held in Augusta resolutions
were adopted recommending:
First, That producers , ginners and
packers use bagging weighing not
less than 2 nor more than 2t pounds
to the yard, the bagging to b3 woven
and calendered to allow for clear and
distinct marking.
Second, six ties to the bale of mate
i-al, weighing not less than 45 nor
more than 50 pounds to the bundle of
3J, 11 to 14 feet in length.
Third, Farmers and manufacturers
urged to conform to these recomnmen
dat ions
Fourth, That compressed bales have
shipside density 22i pounds per cubaie
foot and 8 bands, weighing an average
of 15 pounds per band.
Fifth, That sample hole patch be
used in compressment of bales.
Sixth, That railroads decline to re
ceive c 'mpressed cotton of 1l. 'r dea
sity than 22b pounds per cubic foot.
Seventh, That attempt to en force
arbitrar-y nenalhy of live pounds per
bale by Liverpool exchange w.iil only
retard every movement lookmgi to
correction of evils complained or.
Weyler Rtudely Warned.
IHaBnA, April 30.-A dynamite
bomb caused the explosion in the cap
ain general's palace yesterday, a-nd
not a gas engine as reported. The
-noise was tremendous, and caused in
tense excitement in the palace and vi
:inity. The general's otltices rushed
about, giving orders. Even Weyler
left the room greatly excited. Univ
one person was hurt slighitly Tn
others escaped miracululy T ne~
whole palace shook by th e forc of
the explosau. Clouds of dust blinued
all persons inside, and manylI 'law
windows wvere broken. The bo::ab des
troved the partition wall of thle orin
:ipal counting room and br-oke two
safes. The bomb was liaced in the
water- closet at the south~easL cor-r ut
he palace on ME reatderes and Ubispo1
treets. The occurrence is the general
~olie of c-)uversatlin. It is belieCedl
obe the work of laborers. The gov
snment says anarchists did it. The
police are making diligent search, b-ut
ijo arrest has been made yet. Strong
:easures, it is said, wvill be adopted to
'revent a repetition of smulr acts.
'his happened .a 11 a. m.
DISPENSARY FIGURES.
REPORT OF THE SPECIAL LEGISLA
TIVE INVESTIGATION COMMITTEE.
The Dispensary is Now Running on a Cash
Basis-Lots of Accrued Profits Tied Up
!n Stock-Clerk Scruggs Commended.
The special legislative committee
charged with the duty of examining
the books and financial transactions
of the State dispensary for the quarter
ending March 31, 1896, made a report
to the State Board of Control yester
day. The report is signed by but two
members, as the third, Hon. F. H.
Weston, was off on a wedding trip
when the investigation was made. The
report shows plenty of profit in the
way of accumulated paid for stock,
and the business is now being run on
a cash basis. The report is as follows:
To the State Board of Control:
We herewith submit our report of
our examination of the books and fi
nancial transactions of the State Dis
pensary for the quarter ending March
31, 1896. Mr. C. W. Garris, of this
committee, with representatives both
of the State Board and the State Com
missioner, took stock at the close of
the quarter. On the 20th day of April,
the committee assembled at the office
of the State Board of Control and af
ter a careful examination of the books
and vouchers of the State Commis
sioner, we find the following:
ASSETS.
Merchandise in hands of county dis
pensers, State's profit added, $145,038,
20; less the State's unearned profit ad
ded at time of shipment, $41,453.77;
value of above merchandise at cost
price, $103,634.43.
Amount due by ex-Dispensers and
in process of settlement, $4,526.43.
Personal accounts due the State,$4,
408.06.
Cash balance in treasury, $3,921.22.
Teams and wagons, inventory, $1,
257.25.
Machinery and office fixtures, $2,
657.47.
Merchandise at State Dispensary,
$73,067.17.
Supplies at State Dispensary, $47,
741.54.
Total assets, $241,13L25.
LL RILITIES.
Personal accouats due by State, $4,
065.36.
Due the general fund of the State
from former earnings, $192,247.80.
Net accrued profit for present quar
ter, paid to the credit of the State
school fund, $44,299.32.
Of the net accrued profit for this
quarter ($44.299.32 as above) the
amount of $31;300 84 represents an
unearned profit on goods in the hands
of county dispensers on December 31,
1S95, additioaai with an increase in
valuation of goods in consequence of
an advance in prices of goods in the
month of January by order of the
Chairman of the State Board of Con
trol. The remainder, $12,998.48,is an
accrued profit on sales for this quar
ter.
PROFITS FOR QUARTER.
City of Columbia's 1-2 profit for
quarter ending October 31, withheld
by order of the State Board of Control,
$565.12. "
City of Columbia's 1-2 profit for the
quarter ending December 31, withheld
by order of the State Board of Con
trol, $1,000.
Gross profit on merchandise for
present quarter, $105,557.50.
Contraband seizures, $2,807.75.
Profits from beer dispensaries, $4,
754.06.
Discounts, abatements on whiskey
purchases, $5,207.22.
Total gross profits, $119,954.65.
LoSES.
Losses by fire, Florence dispensary,
Losses by fire, Bamberg dispensary,
$812.56.
Supplies used during the quarter,
$18,027.42.
Breakage and leakage, $182.95.
Insurance, $390.29.
Constabulary for the quarter, $15,
523.50.
Freight and express charges, $21,
048.79.
Bxpenses, statione .'y, printing, post
age, salaries, etc., $4,593.78.
Labor, $4,734.53.
Net profit on sales for the quarter
ending March 31, $54,452.25.
Total $119,954.65.
Of the net profit of $54,452.25 on
sales for this aguarter, the amount of
$12, 998,4S is an accrued profit; the re
mainder $41,453.27 is an unearned
profit on goods in the hands of coun
ty dispensers at the end of this quar
ter.
RECEIPTS.
Balance in Treasury on December
January receipts, $96,614.46; Feb
ruary receipts, $93,391.70; March re
ceipts. $113,630.65-receipts for the
quarter. $303,636.81.
Total to account for quarter $357,
743.81.
DISBURSE3MENTS.
January dis bursements, $116,685.79;
Febraary disbursements, $116.708.97;
March disbursements, $120,427.86
total disbursements for the quarter,
$353S.822 .62.
Balauce in State Treasury on March
:31, $3,921.22.
UJNE.ARNED PROFITS,
Unearned profits on goods in hands
o' county dispensers on December 31,
$25,471.85.
Advance in prices on above made
in January by order of the State
Board, $5, 72.99.l
Unearned profit on March 31, $31,
:300 S4.
Your committee beg leave to say
that they have taken every precaution
to do their work properly. They have
carefulv chtecked every voucher on
the books of original entry, and thence
the different postings to a general
ledge. fromn whence this statement is
made up A compuariscon of this with
formner re ports will show that the State
.lispensary is in a very healthy condi
Lion. OUr work was very much facili
ated by Mr. S. WV. Scruggs's comn
arehensive style of bookkeeping. We
ire iudeoted to him for courteous as
,istance also.
Respect fully submitted,
T. S. BRICE,
C. W. GARR.IS,
Committee.
Driven to Despair.
DEn, Col., April 30.-Robert
.amriJl, a prominent society man
> us city. ex mayor of Central City,
owsim poverished by yesterday's
ire at Cripple Creek, having his ex
ensive properties there uninsured,
tilled hi~sself this morning in a fit of
.lesso:denev by shooting himself
nr/>ugn thee heart. HisS wife subse
auentlv attempted self destruction.