Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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COUNTY GOVERN ME NT. [CONTINCED FROM PAGE ONE. MR. PARROTT. Mr. Parrot then made an impassion ed speech on the subject-agamst suh a proposition as this. He s ke for some time and was frequent v inter runted by "Uncle George" Tillman. & . D. Tillman-Haven't vou the 500-mile limit already adopted? What more do you want? Do you want the earth? Mr. Parrott-I don't want any part of Edgefield. (Laughter and applause.) Mr. G. D. Tilman-Take my hat. GARY AND TILLMAN. -Mr. Gary then tackled the Edgefield delegation. He said they talked of unholy alliances. Said he: "Who has set the example of unholy alliances? B. R. Tillman of Edgefield." Senator Tillman had introduced the Mart Ga ry county scheme into the conven tion. Tillman wouldn't deny that. Mr. George Tillman-We are going to make two more counties out of Edgefield yet. Mr. Klugh wanted to call the con vention's attention to some history bearing on this matter. A hundred years ago the State found that it had to divide up its territory for the con venience of the peopie. The division was about the same as it is now. Are we to make shoestrinig counties. and say they are for the interests of the people, and for their convenience? The geographical centre was most universally regarded as the centre. Mr. Klugh moved to table the amendment,but withdrew the motion. Ex-Governor Sheppard said he had kept quiet on this questioa, but for a statement of Mr. Gary. He had voted for the protection of old counties all the way through, but he could not follow them on this 10-mile limit. Mr. McCalla said there were some there who wished to measure others patriotism by their own yard sticks. He had started to say that the appeals to prejudice were mean and low, but he would not. He said they must put on the 10-mile limit. Senator Tillman then rose to a ques tion of personal privilege, and one of the liveliest and most interesting pass ages at arms during the convention followed. He said when a man was hard hit it was time for him to re spond. Yesterday he had spoken of an unholy union between the oppo nents of the new county idea and the ultra advocates to bring about a result. He spoke about it as a "damnable alli ance in the heat of debate. He with drew the words almost immediately. He had used them more in fun than otherwise and had so stated. Now, when he was struck by a friend with an imputation of dishonor, it was time to speak out. Mr. Gary had stated in effect that he had entered into some dishonorable compact with the advo cates of McCormick, Greenwood and Salida counties against Abbeville. That was what he said, wasn't it? Mr. Gary rose and stated that what he said was that Mr. Tillman, as one of the representatives of Saluda coun ty, had held a conference with the rep resentatives of these counties and fixed the lines, selecting what portions of Abbeville they would slice away. If that was not true the gentleman had been most wofully slandered. Senator Tillman explained that the men interested in these counties had looked upon him as their public ser vant. They came to him as such and he advised with them. Mr. Gary-All I have to say is that .you denounced what we did and you did as much yourself. Mr. Talbert-I rise to a point of or der. The boys should sit down, get cool and behave themselves. (Laugh ter.) Senator Tillman-That is out of -place here. In the first place we are not boys, but men, and neither Mr. Talbert nor anybody else has any right to interfere. My honesty and honor -have been impunged and I repel it. Thegentleman pitches a rock squarely into my teeth and an untruth. I repel it. I have endeavored all along here todo -the honorable, high-toned thing and Leannot allow such things. Mr. Gary-I stated what the 'gentle man did. He used unparliamentary langugeyesterday TIllman-Didn't I withdraw it? Gary-I never heard the withdraw al. He says that he has been struck by a friend and with an untruth. This is unparliamentary language. Again,~ this is a parliamentary body we must allrespect. AlllIhave to say is that if heouses such language to me outside this hall I will repel it as gentlemen usually do. IRBY AGAIN. Senator Irby then arose again and renewed his inquiry as to the where abouts of a rule to permit the closing of the doors while a vote wos being taken. He said: "I for one won't al low this doorkeeper to keep me out of this hall." SEVEN MILES KILLED. The vote on the motion to table Mr. G. D. Tillman's amendment to make the matter read seven miles,instead of ten, was then taken and resulted in rejection of the amendment by the following vote. Yeas 74, nays 67. Mr. Talbert moved to amend by striking out "10"' and inserting "S" miles. The amendment was adopted by a vote of 71 to 70. The convention then adjourned. EXPLANATIONS. When the convention assembled this morning, explanations, mutually satisfactory, were made by Messrs. F. B. Gary and B. R. Tillman. as to cer tain seemingly offensive remarks in yesterday's debate. Mr. Cooper, of Colleton, made some remaks which he thought necessary for the vindication of the people o~f those sections of Colleton that were re ferred to in the speech of his colleague Mr. Behre. Mr. Cooper paid a high tribute to those people. Mr. Behre explained that he had no reference to those people whom Mr. Cooper had thus properly eulogized. SECTIONS FIVE AND SIX were then ado pted as follows: Sec. 5. In the forma'ion of new counties no old county shall be cut within eight miles of its county seat. Sec. 6. All new counties hereafter formed shall bear a just apportion ment of the valid indebtedness of the old county or counties from which they have been formed. SECTION TWO AGAIN. Sec. 2 which had been passed over was recurred to,having teen pren'ous ly amended considerably, and Senator Tillman offered the following substi tute for the section as amended: Sec. 2. If two-thirds of the qualified electorsvoting in such election within each of the several parts of all coun ties proposed to be formed into a new county, shall separately vote "yes upon such geustions, then the general assembly shall establkh such new county at the next session: Provided. all precedent conditions prescribed by this article have been complied with. If any of the parts of old counties thus voting shall refuse to enter the pro posed new county, such part shall not be incorporated therein, and such new county shall not be formed unless it otherwise conform to the requirements of this article. An election upon the question of forming the same proposed new county shall not be ordered of tener than once in four years. Mr. Meae otfered an amendment which provided that in elections for new counties where indebtedness was concerned, women should be allowed to vote. Mr. Meares said he did not wish to be classed as a crank. He simply wished to provide against a contingen cy. If the convention did not give the women general enfranchisement, he wanted this special provision for the protection of their property rights. He withdrew it at the suggestion of some of his friends. Senator Tillman stated that without this substitute they would permit one township to be cut ot here and there and the result would be that they would be left about in patches. The Tillman substitute was then adopted. sEcTION SEVEN. Senator Tillman then offered an amendment to the article to be known as section 7. looking to the protection of townships. Mr. Patterson could see no merit or relief in it for anybody. Senator Tillnipu stated that it might help ow son!- renote corners in get tino nearer to a court house. Sec. 7. The general assembly shall have the power to alter county lines at any time: provided, that before any existin, county line is altered the question shall be first submitted to the qualified voters of the territory and given to another and shall have received two-thirds of the votes cast; provided, further, that the change shall not reduce the county from which the territory is taken below the limits prescribed i'n sections 3 and 4 of this article. Senator Tillinan accepted this. Mr. J. L. Glenn said that there was no provision in that for. the liability for the indebtedness of such a town ship. Senator Tillman remarked that this could be easily fixed. Ir. McGowan said this was a very serious matter as to the debt of such a township. It would be ditlicult to fix any amount and at the sametime keep clear of the restrictions already im posed. He moved to table the substi tute. Mr. W. J. Montgomery thought this matter was directed at the town ship in the upper portion of Marion countv. Mr. Rogers stated that in talking with Mr. Montgomery he had merely used this township as a practical illus tration. Mr. Montgomery then discussed the matter at some length. He wanted to know which of the counties, the old or the new, would have to bear the in debtedness. Dr. Smith of Barnwell thought the drift of all the speeches made in this new county matter was towards spec ial legislation more than anything else. Mr. J. L. Glenn offered the follow ingamendment to Mr. Rogers' amend ment: Add at the end of section 7 the words "provided that the proper pro portion of the existine county indebt edness of the section so transferred shall be assumed by the county to which the territory is so transferred." Mr. Klugh called attention to what had been done after the previous night's unparalleled fight and said there was a danger of the convention efeating section five's provisions. Mr. Rogers accepted Mr. Glenn's roposition. Mr. Wilson called for the motion to able. Mr. Rogers then rose toa question of ersonal privilege. He said the sen tleman from Marion (Mr. WV. J. Mont omery) had informed him that he was offended at his statement that here was one little 'ownship in Marion nrepresented here. He had not eant it iti that light at all. The ayes and noes were ordered on he motion to table Mr. Rogers' mndment as amended tby Mr. Glenn, nd the vote resulted as follows: Yeas 53, nays 84. Mr.~Breazeale then offered the fol owing substitute for section 7: Any township or part of a town ship may be taken from one county and added to another in the same way s provided for creating new counties and subject to the same conditions mposed in this article. The convention voted this down. Mr. McKagen offered an amendment o strike out the proviso offered by Mr. Glenn and insert instead the fol owing: "Provided, That any township seced ing from a county should be held lia ble for its just proportion of any past ndebtedness of the county seceded from, and such proportion of indebt edness shall be collected by county se eded fronm." Mr. Glenn said that when a town ship went into another county the rule that should obtain was in his proviso. Mr. McKagen's amendment was ta bled. AN AMENDMENT. Mr. Gary offered a slight amend ent, which, after some discussion, was adopted. Section 7 was then adopted as a whole, consisting of the section as offered by Mr. Rodgers. the Glenn pro viso, apnd the Gary amendment. SECTION EIGHT. Mr. McGowan then offered the fol lowing as section 8 of the article: Sec. 8. No county seat shall be re oved except by a vote of two-thirds of the qualitied electors of said county in an election held for that purpose; but such election shall not be held in ny county oftener than once in five years. Heexplained the necessity for this, stating that new county schemers might get the county seat changed so as to avoid the eight mile limitation. Mr. Clayton objected. This would allow every court house crowd to con trol the matter. The section was adopted. SECTION NINE. Mr. Bellinger off'ered the following, to be known as section 9, which was adoted: etion 9. Each county shall consti tute one election district. SECTION TEN. Section 6 of the majority report was adopted as section 10, as follows: Sec. 10. The general assembly may provide for the consolidation of two or more existing counties, if a majority >f the qualified electors of such coun ties, voting at an election iield for tuhat purpose, shall vote separately therefor, but such elections shall not be held oftener than once in four years in the same counties. Section 7 was offered as section 11, as follows: Sec. 11. Each county shall elect a sheriff, a clerk of the court and a cor oner, whose resp~ective terms of ollice shall be four years, and whose powers and duties shall be defined by law: provided, the sheriff shall not be eli gible to re-election until the expiration of four years. Mr. Henderson moved to strike out the proviso. He wanted the matter left to the people; it was not a matter for the convention. After some debate the section was tabled. as was also the followving: Se. 12. A chaingang shall be es tabhshed in every- county in this State. Provided, That this section shall not ~revent two or more counties from consolidating their respective chain To'wNSHIP ~VERNMIENT. Inao Tilluzan nake where thr-re was to be found any law about the formation of the present townships or any formation about them. He had looked everywhere. He supposed the negroes had the present lines drawn. Mr. Johnstone spoke on the same line. Senator Till man's question had been propounded when section 9 of the ma jority report being proposed, section 13 was called up in tihis shape: Section 13. Each of the several town ships of this State, with names and boundaries as now established by law, shall constitute a body politic, but this shall not prevent the legislature from organizing other townships. Mr. Johnstone said he proposed to offer an amendment that the legisla tu'e shall not be allowed to form new townships nor change the boundaries of those iow existing. Mr. George D. Tillman stated that this section gave him an opportunity he had long been waiting. He was glad to see that they were now about to begin an era of zood govern ment. He proceeded to present his views on the township government system in a masterly manner, com iaduing the closest attention of the members of the convention, and evi dently making a great impression upon them. He said he hated tUe rad ical rag of a Constitution the negroes had given this State in 1868, and had never made up his mind to read it clear through, but they must do the radical rag the justice to say that it had accomplished two great things the inauguration of the common school education. This was one important and invaluable item, But there was another, and he regarded it as a far more important feature than education This was the idea of township govern ment. crudely incorporated. 'Would to God he had the power to plant the acorns even of township government in this State. They knew nothing about township government. Let a man call in his neighbors to help him and see the result. Better officers were secured. Each township should govern itself with a legislature of its own, etc. Each township should be a little sovreignty of its own. He proposed to let each township govern itself. le wanted three, five or seven township directors elected. These were to look after the roads, and all other matters in each township. The people would then have local self-govern ment. Good government started with the individual; then extended to the town ship and so on up. Our present system starts with the capitol and spreads to the county court houses where it dies. New England has the best government in the world as a result of this system. It was the expression of the people's voice tnat was obtained by such a scheme. This was a fine system of one man power that they had now. If the people of a township did not know who to make their registration officers and managers of election, in the name of Heaven who did? Mr. Jones asked him to express him self on the matter of relative cost and how it would operate in sparsely set tled agricultural districts before he took his seat. Mr. Jones stated that he was in favor of the system. Mr. Tillman said that the people would look to securing the cheapest form of government. But this they left entirely to the legislature. In 1868 there was a law passed to divide the State into townships and the Republi ans paid for the work. He believed the lines were laid off and could be found on the mars in the clerk's office in each county. He would like to see any board of township directors attempt to impose t ax the people didnt want. As to the population's density there was no dif ference. Many Northern townships had no more population than we have. All these considerations could be easily adjusted. Was it right to have the governor to appoint three partisan commissioners f election and 10 partisan managers f elections? Do you call that self overnment? Well, we have submitt ed to it, it seems. You seem to be un ble to get along without this mono polistic one man power. Let's try to adopt township system of county gov ernment. He said he would close as he had begun. deploring' his inability to do justice to this vitally important subject. Taxes would be paid pro rata. ne township would not be freed from the obligations to other in the county. Mr. Johnstone wanted to know if this system was anything more than town government applied to a county ommunty. Mr. Tillmnan said a township govern ment did for a whole section what the town council of a town did for a town, and a great deal more. Mr. E. J. Kennedy was in favor of it, but he wanted to ask a few ques tions. At this juncture the hour for the re ess arrived, and the convention ad journed until S p. m. IN MEMoRIAM. Before adjournment the Conven tion considered the resolutions offered by Mr. W. D. Evans on the death of Mr. R. H. Hodges, late a member from Marlboro. Eulogies were deliv ered by Messrs. WV. D. Evans. Ellerbee. Burns, Rogers, and B. R. Tillman. The resolutions were unanimously adopted by a rising vote. NIGHT SESSION. The entire night session was con sumed in discussing the matter of township government. No vote was taken on any branch of the subject. A SUBSTITUTE. This morning the Convention again, with great promptness, resumed con sideration of the township matter. The pending question was on section 13, offered by Mr. Buist, as follows: "Each of the townships of the State,. with names and boundaries as now or hereafter established by the general assembly, shall be a body politic and corporate, and the general assembly shall provide a uniform system of local overnment for the same, and require each township to contribute its propor tional part of the proper expenses of an eflicient county and State govern ment." Dr. Stokes made a brief but earnest speech in opposition to this provision. ie thought the proposed scheme "rad ical and revolutionary." Speeches were also made by Messrs. Wharton, McMahan, G. D. and B. R. Tilman, Jones and Wigg.' Mr. Connor, on Mr. G. D. Tillman's side, said this measure was simply go ing back to their old moorings-to re sume township government. He wanted to go back to general Demo cratic principles. County commis sioners and county governments had nothing to do with it. After further debate Senator Till man rose and said that he had denied that he signed the anti-emigration act. In looking over the record, lie found that lie had signed it. He had done Iso as nearly all governors do without looking at it. I desire now to apolo gize to this State for having signed this bill. 14:aughter.) Miller-Would you sign an act to repeal it. Tillman-I would. Mr. W. D. Evans rose to a question of privilege, lie m'id: "I was the au thor of the bill aiad I wish to apologize to the people ot South Carolina for haing introduced this bill. The debate was closed by Mr. Geo. i. Tillmnan. Mr. Otts, amendment was then The substitute offered by Mr. Buist was also killed. The substitute offered by Mr. Barton was then adopted as follows: Section 11. Each of the several townships of this State, with names and boundaries as now established by law, shall constitute a body politic and corporate, but this shall not prevent the general assembly from organizing other townships or changing the boun daries of those alreadv established, and the general assembly may provide such system of township government as they shall think proper. Sectiou 2 was then taken up and passed thus: Section 2. If two-thirds of the quali fied electors voting at such election shall vote "yes" upon such question, then the general assembly at the next session shall establish such new coun ty: Provided: No section of a county proposed to be dismembered shall be thus cut off without consent by a two thirds vote of those voters in such sec tion, and no county shall be formed without complying with all the condi tions imposed in this article. An elec tion upon the question of forming the same proposed new county shall not be held oftener than once in four years. SECTION TWELVE was added as follows: Until changed by the general assem bly, as allowed by this Constitution, the boundaries of the several counties shall remain as now established, ex cept that the boundaries of the county of Edgefield shall undergo such changes as are made necessary by the formation of a new county from a portion of Edgefield, to be known as Saluda. the boundaries of which are set forth in a Constitutional ordinance. Mr. G. D. Tillman then offered, as section 13, a provision for separate township organization, with a regular set of officers. etc. Tire amendment was tabled. Mr. Barton's amendment was then amended by adding thereto the words, "and may make special provision for municipal government and for the protection of chartered rights and the powers of municipalities." The article was then adopted as a whole. THE SUFFRAGE SCHEME. THE CONVENTION TAKES UP THIS IMPORTANT MATTER. The Committee Submits Some Amend ments-A Conference of Democratic Delegates-Senator Irby's Plan--The Debate Begun. COLUMBIA, S. C., October 23. Special: The committee on suffrage, of whicti Senator Tillman is chairman, yesterday reported to the Convention several amendments to the article on the right of suffrage. The sections amended now read thus: Section 1. All elections by the peo ple shall be by ballot and the elections shall never be held or the ballots counted in secret. Sec. 2. Every qualified elector shall be eligible to any office to be voted for, unless disqualified by age as pre scribed in this Constitution. But no person shall hold two offlees of honor or profit at the same time except in the militia and notaries public. Sec. 3. Every male citizen of this State and of the United States. 21 years of age and upwards, not labor ng under the disabilities named in this Constitution. and possessing the qualifications required by it, shall be a legal elector. Sec. 4. The qualifications for suf frage shall be as follows: (a.) Residence in the State foi- two years, in the county one year, ix the election district in which the edtor offers to vote four months, and the payment of any poll tax due six months before any election: Provid ed, however. That ministers in charge of an organized church and teachers of public schools shall be en titled to vote after six month's resi dence in the State, if otherwise quali fied. (b) Registration, which shall pro vide for the enrollment of every elect or once in 10 years. (c.) The person applying for regis tration must be able to read and write any section of this Constitution after January 1, 1895, or show that he owns and pays taxes on $300 worth of prop erty in this State. Provided. That at the first registration under this Constitution and up to January 1st. 198, all male persons of voting age who can read a clause in this Consti tution or understand and explain it when read to them by the registration officer shall be entitled to register and become electors. A separate record of all persons thus registered, sworn to by the registration officer, shall be filed, one copy with the clerk of court and one in the office of the secretary of state, on or before February 1st. 198, and such persons shall remain during life qualified electors, unless disqualified by the other provisions of this article. The certificate of the clerk of court or secretary, of state shall be suflicient evidence to estab lish the right of said citizens to regis tration and the franchise under the limitations herein imposed. Sec. 12. Electors in municipal elec tions possess all the qualifications herein prescribed, and the general as sembly shall provide for a special reg istration of voters for each municipal election; provided, the governor shall appoint municipal registration offi ers. Sec. 13. At any special election in incorporated cities and towns of this State for the purpose of bonding the same, all resident owners of property in said cities and towns of the as sessed value of two hundred dollars, who are qualified elector under this Constitution, shall alone be entitled to vote. At such election the voter shall produce a receipt for all taxes, county, State and municipal, for the previous year as evidence of his right to be registered and vote. The conference assembled last night ae 7:30 and from that hour until with in a half hour of midnight it remain ed in session, listening to only five speeches on the suffrage problem. When the conference assembled there were many outsiders in the hall. After some preliminary talk Con gressman Talbert was placed in the chair and Mr. Wharton was asked to act as secretary, while Mr. Fitch was asked to act as reading clerk. There was a debate about who should be excluded from tire hall. Finally a resolution was adopted to exclude everybody save the members of the convention who were Demo crats. This of course included news paper men, representatives of several papers being- on the Iloor at the time. benator Tililman wan ted a special committee appointed to give out a re port of the proceedings. The main speeches of the evening were made by Tillman and Irby. Tire other speakers were Messrs. Bryan and Fiarrow of Charleston and Mr. Parrott. Senator Irby came to the front with a suffrage plan following up his inter view, ami It is said talked to tire con vention in a very impressive manner. From outside one could see that he was speaking in a very determined way. - He offered the following amend mnt to the arte a pronpnnned by Sen ator Tillman's committee: "Strike out subdivisions "c" and "d" and insert the following: "The person applying for registra tion must be able to understand any section of this Constitution when read to him, and give a reasonable interpretation thereof, must sustain a good moral character, and must have paid all taxes due by him up to time of his application for registration." Senator Irby spoke at length, at tacking the subdivisions he proposed to strike out and contrasting their ef fect with the effect of the substitute's provisions. He thought that his scheme would give a white majority greater than the other by 40,00( votes. Senator Tillman replied to him, de tailing at great length the meaning, scope and effect of the plan proposed by the committee. He went into the matter with the greatest pains and made a full explanation of the plan. Senator Irby stated that his plan would not permit of any discrimina tion between any class of men. Sen ator Tillman handled the proposed amendment very completly and there were several interesting passages be tween himself and Senator Irby. Mr. Farrow followed in an elabo rate speech on the subject of suffrage, pointing out many pitfalls that had to be guarded against. Then came Mr. J. P. Kennedy Bry an, who, it is said, made one of the finest arguments, viewing the matter in its relation to the United States Constitution, ever heard in the State. Mr. Parrott made the final speech of thle evening. No votes were taken at all on any matter Senator Irby finally withdrew his amendment to perfect it and present it to to the convention at the proper time in the proper shape. The conference thereupon adjourn ed sine die. IN THE CONVENTION. COLUMBIA, Oct. 25.-Special: As soon as the convention got through with the county government scheme, the special order-the article on suf frage-was taken up. The debate was opened by Miller of Beaufort, who made a long speech against the plans presented. Wigg of the same county followed on the same line. Whipper of Beaufort submitted a plan which would limit the suffrage so resident male adults able to read and write. Less Cotton, M1ore Money. The wisdom of reduced cotton acre age and increased provision crops is fully vindicated by the experience of the Southern farmers this year. A big corn crop and an increased meat crop provide full barns and smoke houses, while the short cotton crop makes the cotton that has been raised bring prices that are profitable to the farmer. He has raised at home nearly everything he needs in the way of pro visions, and he has the proceeds of his cotton to buy clothes furniture and the comforts of home. Taking 5 cents a pound as the average cost of produc tion, the New York Journal of Com merce estimates that the Southern farmers realized about $2 a bale profit on last year's crop, and adds: "What ever variations future developments make in the items used in this compu tation. it is nearly certain that the crop of the current year will bring in no less money than the huge crop of last year, and will probably bring in more; that it will cost more than $40, 000,000 less than the last cro~p, and that instead of barely covering the cost of production there will be a com fortable profit for the planters. The lesson to the South is to raise no more cotton than there is a good market for, and, incidentally, to raise its own corn and pork instead of buying them out of the proceeds of the cotton sales, a system which tempts each planter to raise more cotton in order to meet his bill at the factor's." Again, says the Augusta Chronicle, the advice of the newspapers has been proven wise, and though the farmers have for many years ridiculed"those fellows who farm in the newspapers," they are forced tc admit that had they taken ten years ago the advice of the newspapers and raised at home all the provision crops that were needed instead of buying from the West, the Southern farmers would have been more independent today. Circumstances of dire neces sity forced our farmers to do what .the newspapers have long been urgina them to do, and the result proves the wisdom of the editorial advice. Nowv, let the newspapers begin at once tc advise the Southern farmer against being carried away by the improved price of cotton, and induced to spoilil all by returning to the all cotton crop. A ten million bale crop this year would have continued five cents cotton and a ten million crop next year will re turn to it. Let discretion control the action of cotton planters. It is to a short crop they are due for better prices this year; let them not kill the goose that laid the golden egg by mak ing more cotton next year than the world needs. Good Advice. The Newberry Voice of the People advises the farmer not to let the little rise in the price of cotton deceive them into planning to cultivate noth ing but cotton next year. Our cotem porary very truly says no doubt the live at home policy pursued by the farmers this year has had not a little to do with making an improvement in the cotton market, and it should be followed more faithfully in the future than it ever was in the past. If the cotton growers will live at home and make cotton a surplus crop, they will very likely get a better price for their cotton next year than they have this -there should be concert of action. But if a selfish, greedy desire is allowed to take hold of them, and each man plants all of his lands in cotton under the silly impression that everybody else will cut down their acreage and he will make a good thing of it, three or four cents cotton and increased in debtedness will be the reward. The cotton crop is short, and it is within the vower of the farmers to keep it short. By keeping it short prices will be kept up. Ex-MAvoR Hugh Grant of News York takes exception to the newspa per reports that couple his name with those of different ladies in a matrimo nial alliance. He says that it is not legitimate newspaper enterprise, and he is right. The newspapers have yc right to couple the name of any young lady with that of Mr. Grant or any other man as engaged to be married without the permission of both the people most concerned. It is noi news but idle and perhaps malicious gossip. THlE Chattanooga News .Says "Once married, always married, i the South Carolina idea, Considering the charming character of the women of the Palmetto State. we are not sur p~rised that the law meets the appro bation of the men, but how would 1 be if the ladies themselves made the laws?' THlE latest thing in bloomers-a hi1 pocket and a pistol. Miss Dorothy Chestic while riding on the outskirts of NewYork on a bicycle was pursuet by a dog whereupon she drew a revol ver from her hip pocket and killed th< dog. This is the new womian with: enene. RACE COURSE EVLS. REV. DR. TALMAGE DISCUSSES THE SUBJECT OF TURF GAMBLING. The Christian and Common Sense View of Trials of Speci1 by the Hort--Sin Be gins With Betting--The Way to )rive a Horse. NEW YoRK, Oct. 20.-In his sermon for today, lev. Dr. Talmage discusses a topic which for months past has been a familiar one in the daily press -viz, "The Dissipations of the Race Course." His text was Job xxxix. 19, 21, 25: "Hast thou given the horse strength! Hast thou clothed his neck with thunder? He paweth in the val ley and rejoiceth; he goeth on to meet the armed men. le saith among the trumpets, ha. ha! and he sinelleth the battle afar off. the thunder of the cap tains, and the shouting." We have recently had long columns of intelligence from the race course and multitudes flocked to the watering places to witness equine conipetitior, and :here is lively discussion in a.l households about the right and wrong of such exhibitions of mettle and speed, and when there is a heresy abroad that the cultivation of a horse's fleetness is an iniquity instead of a commendable virtue-at such a time a sermon is demanded of every minister who would like to defend public mor als on the one hand and who is not willing to see an unrighteous abridg ment of innocent amusement on the other. In this discussion I shall fol low no sermonic precedent, but w:il give independently what I consider the Christian and common sense view of this potent, all absorbing and agi tating question of the turf - There needs to be a redistribution of coronets among the brute creation. For ages the lion has been called the king of beasts. I knock off its coronet and put the crown upon the horse, in every way nobler, whether in shape or spirit or sagacity or intelligence or aflfection or usefulness. He is semihu man, and knows how to reason on a small scale. The centaur of olden times. part horse and part man, seems to be a suggestion of the fact that the horse iQ something more than a beast. Job in my text sets forth his strength, his beauty, his ma jesty, the panting of his nostril, the pawing of his hoof and his enthusi asm for the battle. What Rose Bon heur did for the cattle and what Land seer did for the dog, Job with might ier pencil does for the horse. Eighty eight times does the Bible speak of him. He comes into every kingly procession and into every great occa sion and into every triumph. It is very evident that Job and David and Isaiah and Ezekiel and Jeremiah and John were fond of the horse. He comes into much of their imagery. A red horse-that meant war. . A black horse-that meant famine. A pale horse-that meant death. A white horse-that means victory. Good Mordecai mounts him while Haman holds the bit. The church's advance in the Bible is compareu to a company of horses of Pharaoh's chariot. Jeremiah cries out, "Hlow canst thou contend with horses?" Isa iah says, "The horse's hoofs shall be counted as flint." Miriam claps her cymbals and sings, "The horse and the rider hath he thrown into the sea." St. Johin describing Christ as coming forth from conquest to con quest represents him as seated on a white horse. In the parade of heaven the Bible makes us hear the clicking of hoofs on the golden pavement as it says, "The armies which were in heav en followed him on white horses." I should not wonder if the horse, so banged and bruised and beaten and outraged on earth, should have some other place whe-e his wrongs shall be righted. I do not assert it. but I say I should not be surprised if, after all, St. John's descriptions of the horses in heaven turned out not altogether to be figurative, but somewhat literal. As the bible makes a favorite of the horse, the patriarch, and the prophet, and the evangelist, and the apostle stroking his sleek hide and patting his rounded neck and tenderly lifting his exquisitely formed hoof and listening with a thrill to the champ of his bit, so all great natures in all ages have spoken of him in encomiastic terms. Virgil in his Georgics almost seems to plagarize from this description in the text, so much are the descriptions alike-the description~ of Virgil and the description of Job. Tne Duke of Wellington would not allow any one irreverently to touch his old war horse Copenhagen. on whom lie had ridden 15 hours without dismounting at Wa terloo, and when old Copenhagen died, his master ordered a military salute fired over his grave. John Howar~d showed that he did not exhaust all his sympathies in pitying the human race, for when sick he writes home, 'Has my old chaise become sick or spoiled F" There is hardly any passage of French literature more pathetic than the la mentation over the death of the war charger, Marchegay. Walter Scott has so much admiration for this di vinely honor creature of God that in "St. ~Roman's Well" he orders the girth slackened and the blanket thrown over the smoking flanks. Edmund Burke, walking in the park at Beacons field, musing over the past, throws his arms around the worn out horse of his dead son Richard, and weeps upon the horse's neck, the horse seemmin to sympathize in the memories. Row land Hill, the great English preachier, was caricatured because in his family prayers; he supplicated for the recov ery of a sick horse. but when the horse got well, contrary to all the prophecies of the farriers, the prayer did not seem quite so much of an absurdity. But what shall I say of the maltreat ment of this beautiful and1 wonderful creature of God If Thomas Chalm ers in his day felt called upon to preach a sermon against cruelty to an imals, how much more in this day is there a need of reprehensive discourse. All honor to the memory of Professor Bergh, the chief apostle for the brute creation, for the mercy he demanded and achieved for this king of beasts. A man who owned 4,000 horses, and some say 40,000, wrote in the Bible, "A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast." Sir Henry Lawrence s care of the horse was beautifully Christian. ie says: 'I expect we shall lose Conrad, though I have tak en so much care of him that lie may ome in cool. I always walk him the last four or five miles, and as I walk myself the first hour, it is only i he middle of the journey we get over te ground." The Ettrick Shep erd in his matchless "Ambrosial Nights" speaks of the mialtreatment of the horse as a practical blasphemy. I do not believe in the transmnigrationi of souls, but I cannot very severely denounce the idea, for when I see men who cut and bruise and whack arnd triike and imaul and outrage anid im slt the horse, that beautiful ser vant of the hunian race, who carries our burdens and pulis our p)lows and turns our thrashers and our' mills and runis for our doctors-when I see men thus beating and abusing and outragmng that creature, it seems5 to inc that it would be only fair that the doct'ine of tr rnsmigrationl of souls should prlove ttue and that for their punishmeut they sould pass over' into some poor, s erable brute and be beaten and whack ed and crue treated and frozen ant heated and overdriven-into an ever lasting stage horse, an eternal traveler on a towpath, or tied to an eternal winter, smitten with eternal epizoo tics! Oh, is it not a shame that the orute creation, which had first possession of our world should be so maltreated by the race that came in last--the fowl and the fish created on tile fifth day. the horse and the cattle created on the morning of tile sixth day. and the human race not created until the even ing of the sixth day? It ought to be that if any man overdrivcs a iorse, or feeds him when lie is hot, or reckless ly drives a nail into the quick of his hoof, or rowels him to see him prance. or sc shoes him that his fetlocks drop blood, or puts a collar on a raw neck. or unnecessarily cluthes his tongue with a twisted bit or cut off his hair until he has no defense against the cold, or unmercifully abbreviates the natural defense aoainst insectile an noyance-that such a man as that himself ought to be made to pull and let his horse ride: But not only do our humanity and our Christian principle and the dictates of God demand that we kindly treat the brute creation and especially the horse, but I go farther and say that whatever can be done for the develop ment of his fleetness and his strength and his majesty ought to be done. We need to study his anatomy and his adaptations. I am glad that large books hav-e been written to show how lie can be best managed and how his ailments can be cured and what his usefulness is and wlhat his capacities are. It would be a shame if in this age of the world, when the florist has turned the thin flower of the wood into a gorge ous rose and the pomologist has changed the acried and gr.arled fruit of the ancients into the very poetry of pear and peach and plum and grape and apple and the snarl ing cur of the orient has become the great mastiff, and the miserable creature of the ollen times barnyard has become the Devonshire, and the Alderney, and the Shorthorn, that theborse, grander than them all, should get no advant age from our science or our civilization or our Christianity. Groomed to the last point of soft brilliance, his flowing mane a billow of beauty, his arched neck in utmost rhythm of curve, let him be harnessed ingrecefu. trappings and then driven to the farthest goal of excellence and then fed at luxuri ant oat bins and blanketed in comfort able stall. The long tried and faithful servant of the human race deserves all kindness, all reward, all. succulent for age and soft letter and paradisaical pasture field. Those farms in Kci tucky and in different parts of the north, where the horse is trained to perfection in fleetness and in beauty and in majesty, are well set apart. Tltere is no more virtue in driving slow than in driving fast, any more than a freight train going|10 miles.the hotir is better than an express -rain going 50. There is a delusion abroad in the world that a thing must be necessarily good and Christian if it is slow and dull and plodding. There are very few good people who seem to imagine it is humbly pious to drive a spavined, galled, glandered, spring halted blind staggered jade. There is not so much viture in a Rosinante as in a Bucep halus. We want swifter horses and swifter men and swifter enterprises, and the church of God needs to get oti its jog trot. Quick tempests, quick lightnings, ouick streams; why no quick horses? In the ime of war the cavalary service does the most execu: tion, and as the battles of the worlc are probably not all past. our Chris tian patriotism demands that we be in terested in equinal velocity.. WE might as well have poorer guns in oum arsenals and clumsier ships in om navy yards than other nations, as tc have under our cavalry saddles and before our parks of artillery slower horses. Fronm the bat tle of Grenicus, where tile Persian horses drove the Nacedonian infantry into the .river, clear down to the horses on whici Philip Sheridan and Stonewall Jack son rode into the fray, this arm of th4 military service has been recognized. Hamilcar, Hannibal, Gustavus Adol phus, Marshal Ney. were cavalrymen. In this arm of the service, Charles Martel at the ba'tle of Poitiers bea1 back the Arab invasion. The Cartha ginian cavalry, with the loss of only 700 men, overthrew the Roman army with the loss of 70,000. In the samt way the Spanish chivalry drove bacd the~Moorish hordes. The best way tc keep peace in this country and in al countries is to be prepared for war and there is no success in such a con test unless there be plenty of ligh1 footed chargars. Our Christian patri otism and our instruction from thi Word of God demand that first of al. we kindly treat the horse, and ther after that.~that we develop his fleet ness, and his grandeur, and his majes ty, and his strength. But what shall I say of the etfort be ing made in this day on a large scalb to make this splendid creature of God, this divinely honored being, an imstru iment of atr~ocious evil? I make no in Idiscriminate assault against the turf. II believ in tile turf it' it can be con Iducted on r-ight principles and with nc 'etting. There is no more harm in of fering a prize for the swiftest race: than there is harm at an agricuitura fair in offering a prize to the farmei who has the best wheat, or to the frui grower who has the largest pear, or tc the machinist who presents the best corn thrasher, or in a school offering a prize of a copy of Shakespeare to th< best reader or in a household giving lump of suaar to -he best behavec youngster. T'rizes by. all means. Thai is the way God deveiops the race. Re wards for all kinds of well doing Heaven itself is called a prize, the prize of the high calling of God in Chris: Jesus. So what is right in one directiot is right in another direction. And with out the prizes the horse's fleetness anc beauty and strength will never be ful ly developed. If it cost 831,000 o: 83,000 or $10,000, and the result be ac hieved, it is cheap. But the sin be gins, where the betting begins. for that is gambling, or the effort t< get that for which you give n< equivalent, and -gambling, whe ther on a large scale or a small scale ought to be denouced of men asi will be accursed of G3od. If you hiavi won 50 cents or $5,000O as a wager, yot had better get rid of it. Get rid of, right away. Give it to some one wn< lost in a bet, or give it to some greal reformatory institution, or if you d< not like that.go down to the river anc pitch it oli the docks. You cannot af ford to keep it. It will burn a hole it your estate and you will lose all that perhaps 10,000) times mlore-perhap: you will lose all. Gambling blasts: 'an or it blasts his children. Gener ally both and all. What a spectacle when at Saratoga or at Long Branch or at Brightor Beach, or at Shieepshead Bay. th< horses start, and in a flash 85fl,(00 o: 1u0,0"0 change hands! Multitude: runel by losing the bet, others worst ruined by gaining the bet.ftor it a mat lose in a bet at a horse race lhe may bC disouragd and qu it, but if lhe win tha bet le is very apt to go strangnt on t< An intimate friend~a journalist,wh< in the line of his profession investigai ted this evil, tells me that there ar three ditlerent kinds of betting a hose r-aces. and they are about equal leprous, by "-auction pools," b: .m-.Irelc ,mutal' by what is calle. RYALW AKIt POWDER Absolutely Pure. A creami or tartar naing power d Highest of all in leavening strength.-La test United States Government Food Ra port. Royal Baking Powder Company, tO( WalSt..N. Y "bookmaking"-all gambling,all bad. all rotten with iniquity. There is one word that needs to be written on the brow of every poolseller as he sits de ducting his 3 or 5 per cent and slyly "ringing up" more tickets than were sold on the winning horse-a word to be written also on the brow of every bookkeeper who at extra inducement scratches a horse off of the race and on the brow of every jockey whoslackens pace that, according to agreement, another may win and written over every judges' stand and written on every board of the surrounding fences. That word is "swindle:" Yet thousands bet. Lawyers bet. Judges of courts bet. Members of the legislature bet. Mem bers of congress bet. Professors of religion bet. Teachers and superinten dents of Sunday Schools, I am told, bet. Ladies bet, not directly, but through agents. Yesterday, and every day they bet, they gain, they lose, and this summer, w' ile the parasols swing and the hands clap and the huzza deafen, there will be a multitude of people cajoled and deceived and cheat ed, who will at the races go neck and neck, neck and neck to perdition. Cultivate the horse, by all means, drive him as fast as you desir,, provid ed you do not injure him or endanger yourself or others, butbe careful and do not harness the horse to the chariot of sin. Do not throw your jewels of morality under the flying hoof. Do not under the pretext of, improving the horse destroy a man. Do not have your name put down in the everincreas ir catalogue'of those who are ruined for both worlds by the dissipation of the American race course. They say that an honest race course isa "straight' track, and that a dishonest race course is a "crooked" track-that is the par lance abroad-but I tell you every race track surrounded by betting men and betting women and betting customs, is a straight track I mean straight down: Christ asked in one of his gos pels, 'Is not a man'better than a sheep?" I say yes, and he is better than all the steeds that with lathered flanks ever shot around the ring at a race course. That is a very poor job by which a man in order to get a horse to come out a full length ahead of some other racer so lames his own morals that he comes out a whole length behind in the race set before him. Do you not realize the fact that there is a mighty effort on all sides today to get money without earning it? That is tihe curse of all the cities; it is the curse of America-the effort to get money without earning it-and as other forms of stealing are not respect able, they go into these gambling practices. I preach this sermon on square old fashioned honesty. I have said nothing agairnst the horse, I have said nothing against the turf, I have said everything against their prostitution. Young men, you go into straightforward '*I Industries and you will have bet. ter livelihood, and you will have larger permanent success than you can ever get by a wager. but you get iri with some of the whisky, rum blotched crew wbich I see going down on the boulevards, though I never bet, I will risk this wager, 85,000,000 to nothing, you will be debauched and damned. Cultivate the horse, own him if you can afford to own him, test all the speed he has, if he have any speed in him, but be careful which way you drive. You cannot always tell what direction a man is driving in by the way his horses head. In my boyhood, we iode three miles every Sabbath morning to the country church. We were dra wn by two fine horses. My father drove. He knew them and they knew him. They were friends. Sometimes they loved to go rapidly, and he did not interfere with their happiness. He had all of us in the wagon with him. He drove to the country church. The fact is, that for 82 years he drove in the same direct ion, The -roan span that I speak ot was long ago unhitched, and the driver put up is whip in the wagon house never again to take it down, but in those good old times I learned some thing that I Lever forgot, that a man may admire a horse and love a horse and be proud of a horse and not al ways be willing to take the dust of the preceding vehicle, and yet be a Christ ian, an earnest Christian, a humble Christian, a conserated Christian. use ful until the last, so that at his death the church of God cries out as Elisha exclaimed when Elijih went up with galloping horses of tire, "My father, my father, the chariots of Isreal and the horsemen therof: A Louisvineo Sensation. LorISvILLE, Oct. 21.- A few hours after the filing of thme sensational breach of promise suit by Miss Maud Sturgeon against Dr. Samuel Wetherby yester day. the defendant appeared at thle county clerks oilice at Middleton and applied for a license to wed Miss Aileen Milliken. He was accompanied by her brother. The license was granted. but Miss Sturgeon succeeded in creating a scene and appealed to Miss Miliken's parents to delay the marriage pending an investigation. The marriage was postponed. Miss Sturgeon threatens to kill Dr. Wetherby if he weds Miss Miliken. BARNEY Barnatc, the man most talk ed about in London today, is not yet forty years of age. He is said to have made from $25,000.000 to $100,000,000 in South African speculation. .He has been a barber, a drummer, a ora ker's clerk and a messenger. Aso plunger his success has been pheno menal. Just how lie got started in Africa, the New York World says is not knownx, but he made a big fortune there, and is now adding to it in Lon dou. THE Augusta Chronicle thinks that the fact that Northern papers have begun to credit the Southern with be ing the most representative Ameri can, does not indicate a change in the Southerner, but in the Northern edi tor. SEnAui Urice, of Ohio. predit ha t the next ten years will be years of phenomenal prosper'ity for this country. We sincerely trust he may nrove a true prophet. Ex-GovERNoit Flower, who has beea a pretty good political guesser, says Ithat the Democrats this vear- will car