Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL I. .- - MANNING.,S. C., ________ 18.. OCTOBERO.12. SOME I18$TORY OF '76. GE.N. FARLEY REPRODUCESASPEECH OF GEN. GARY. It W:is Delivered in Edgetield in ISS and Ircites the Iuportaut Part of Butler and Gary in NomiDating Hampton. The debate on Saluda county in the Co(i.stitutional convention has called fqrth a letter from General Farley to t-. iress, containing a warm tribute to Lis friend Gen. "Mart' Gary, and the following which is printed as per tiut-t to the discussion vn that ccca bioll.I GFERAL GARY is 1S76. It is well known that General Gary was an uncompromising "Straightout Democrat," not in the sense in which it is used now, but as opposed to all compromise with the Republicans, or fusion with the negroes. both of which were attempted and failed in this State prior to and just after the success of 1876. Wben General Gary returned to Edgefield, lie entered the practice of law and declined all con itection with the efforts being made on the compromise line up to 1S76. He was remarkably successful in his prac tice, and soon became one of the most distinguished, as well as successful lawyers in the State, in both civil and crininal courts, and ere long he had accumulated a fortune sufficient with his practice to make him an indepen dent man. Earry in 1876 (salesday in January) he made a speech to the peo ple of Edgefield, in which he took the ground that all of the failures to re deem the State and break up radical rule had been due to the fact that we had not appealed to the white man as a white man; that he would respond to no other call with enthusiasm; and that nothing but a straightout white man's ticket run on the iississippi plan of campaign could redeem the State. In this he was soon joined by General Butler, and the two worked harmoniously together for this com mon end until the close of the success ful campaign and Hampton was inau gurated. These two, ably aided and seconded by Hon. George D. Tillman, Col Wyatt Aiken, James Lipscomp, Y. J. Pope, Cothran and others, so vigorously prosecuted the straightout campaign that Chamberlain was real ly driven from the political field be fore the final decision of the State con vention, to nominate a straight ticket with Hampton at its head, on the 15th day of August, 1876. If any one doubts, at this late day, that Gen. M. W. Gary conceived and inaugurated the straightout movement of 1876, by which the State was redeemed from radical rule, let them read the follow ing speech from Genera' Gary deliv ered two years afterwards, on August 12, at the "Love Feast" at Edgefield when they were celebrating the great victory won by Gary and Butler over Chamberlain and Mackey on the same day in 1876. Let the general speak for himself and remember that this is evidence bevond dispute, as it was de Alivered in the presence of Generals Hampton, Butler and Hagood, and others of the State ticket, and pub lished without exceptions from anyone but General Hagood, to whom Gener al Gary readily yielded what he considered an immaterial point, as to the use of the word "the," instead of "our plans in Charleston." It settles conclusively the claim made by his life long friend, George D). Tilhman, that South Carolina owed more to Mart Gary for the redemption of the State than she did to any other (sin gle) man. GARY'S SPEECH. "Ladies and Fellow Citizens: I had not anticipated speing, since I ex pected the time to be consumed by our invited guests, but a large number of them have not put in an appearance. I came here to be a looker-on and a listener today. I had the honor to be an actor on the 12th of August, 1876, the anniversary of which day we c~le brate. The events of that day have just become historical. Judge Mackey has just told you that it was the turn ing point in the civilization of this State. I have listened with pleasure to the words of wisdom that have been uttered by our chief magistrate, Gov ernor Hampton. It is with pleasure that we welcome him again to Edge field. I have also been charmed with the far-reaching statesmanship dis played in the witty and eloquent s-peech of Judge Mac'iey. General Moise has just p aid a high tribute to ite leaders of Edgefield, and uttered passionate and patriotic sentiments on the chosen line of the Democracy of the State, and we all have never lis tened as we have listened today to our eloquent friend and former citizen, Attorney General Youmans. The al J esion of General Moise that Edgefieldi ,-~ ,wed her deliverance to the manhood < her sons, and that this manho'd was inspiration of her fair daughters, is. true. It was our love for them that i;nsipred her brave sons (clad in their ud shirts, the handiwork of our Leautiful women) to strike the blow that made us a free people again. THE KEYN~OTE OF EDGEFIELD) POLICY. "It has been asserted again and r .ain that the success achieved by Edgefield has been the result of 'the >hot of accident or the dart of chance.' Never was there a greater mistake. yhe Straightout plan of campaign was t he result of long study, deep thought :ud frequent counsels. Not a single miove was made without due caution and deliberation. As far back as 1874 I announced in a speech that I made in the taxpayers' convention that in my humble judgment the mistake that our leaders were making was in considering the difference between the negro and white man a difference of politics instead of a difference in point af fact of race; that whenever the Cau casian united upon this issue the negro head to go to the wall, as the Ruler of i be Universe had made the white race the dominant race of all the races. In 1s76 this same idea was incorporated in the State Democratic platform. It was reiterated in the platform of 1878, in the following language. 'We have charged and convicted the Republican party with arraying race against race.' Recognizing this as the funda mental difference between the whites and blacks, we have ever been opposed to fusion or coalition with the Repub lican party, and such has been the key note of the Edgefield policy. It has not been a policy founded upon force and fraud, or a 'shotgun' policy, as has slanderously been asserted against us by those who have been in fa vor of a fusion policy. It is a policy based upon the history of the Islands of St. Domingo, Hayti and Mauritius, upon the instincts of human nature and correct political philosophy. But I am glad to annunce to you that in addition to the Z pprokai and adhe sion eiven to the Edgefield or Straight out poliev by most of the distinguish ed speakers who have preceded me, the recent State Democratic conven tion, by its unquaiifid and unan imous adoption of the resolation introduced by the Hon. George Lamb Buist, the leading Democrat of Charlcston, in which it was announced -that the uni tv and integrity of the Democratic party is of paramount importance to the success of our cause and the wel fare of our people in the ensuing elec tion, and we repudiate all fusion or coalition with the Republican party,' has, I trust, given an effectual quietus to the fusion and coalition policy, and has irsdicated the Straighout policy and the wisdom of the Democracy of Edgefield. Her banner is still proud ly waving in the van of the Demo cracy of this State. "As today has become a sort of poli tical love-feast, I will tell you some of the secret history connected with the Straightoutmovement. I went to the Centennial celebration at Charleston on the 28th of June, 1876. to nominate Gen. Butler for governor. He had been informally announced in several newspapers and desired to decline the nomination, in order that we might agree upon some one else. I put his nomination in the Journal of Com merce. When I started home I met on the cars Gen. Hampton, Gen. Ker shaw and Gen. Hagood. I had a short conversation with Gen. Hampton, in which I soon discovered that he was in sympathy with the movement Gen. Butler and myself were trying to in augurate. He to told me that he did not expect to return to Mississippi. I then said to him that I:intended to try and have him (Hampton) nominated for governor on the Straightout ticket; that with Butler and mybelf on his flanks we could win this battle as we had won others in the war. He replied that he was poor, had come back to get the odds and ends of his former es tate together; that he did not desire to run for the office, but that he had made so many sacrifices for Scuth Carolina that if lie was the choice of the convention he would run. I was delighted at his acceptance, for I be lieved that he could harmonize all of the di:Ferences of the Demorcatic par - tv. The contest was between Kersha w and Conner for fusion and Butler and myself for the Straighout Democracy. Governor Hampton had commanded Butler, Conner and myself. We en tered the war as captains under him as colonel in the Hampton Legion. He came out of the war a lieutenant gen eral and continued to rank all of us. I did not believe that Kershaw and Con ner and Butler and myself could have agreed upon any one man, but I be lieved that we all would rally under Hamnpton. After this conversation, Gov.-Hampton and myself joined Gen. Kershaw and Gen. Hagood. I an nounced to them that Gen. Hampton had consented, if nominated, to run on the Straightout ticket for governor. Gen. Kershaw replied: ",Well, if the general is nominated I will fall into line and support him. I always obey orders from headquarters - At Branch ville Gen. Kershaw and Gen. Hamp ton parted with Gen. Hazood and my self, they going on the Columbia road and we on the Augusta road. After dinner Gen. Hagood and myself were on the same seat. He said: "Gary, you are an extraordinary man. This is another one of your off-hand moves, or sudden inspirations, if you please, that has knocked up in a nmm ute all our plans in Charleston to run Chamberlain for governor, with a mixed tickent.' I replied that it was no off-hand move in regard to the Straihtout ticket; that Butler and myself and other men of Edgefield and the State had deliberately and mature ly considered the plan to run a Straight out ticket, but that I had suddenly concluded to run Gen. Hampton for overnor, and that we would elect im. when I returned to Edgefield I related this incident to Gen. Butler, and he approved of it, and said that, in his declination, he would nominate Hampton. I thought it was just the thing, and he accordingly did so. CHADIBERLAIN IN~ EDGEFIELD. "Before any nomination was made for governor either by the radical par ty or the Democratic party, Governor Chamberlain had begun to canvas the State. He spoke in Charleston, in Beaufort and in several other places. On the 12th of August he came to Edgeield. What was done that day had been deliberately planned in the county executive committee Butler and myself, Sheppard and Abney had been selected as the speakers on our side. Our instructions were to lift the veil from the Prophet of Khorassan, D. H. Chamberlain, and expose his deformi ties in such a manner that the ignor ant negro could see them. We did not intend to puncture with a polished stileto, but to hack him with a kitchen caseknife. I ascended to the platform first. General Butler had not arrived. He was superintending the rear of the column of two thousand men, clad in red shirts and mounted on horseback. So soon as I met Governor Chamber lain I introduced myself to him, and I caught his eye and he winced under the gaze of the 'Bald Eagle of Edge field.' I felt that the victory was won. He turned pale and 'acked. There w as no fight in him on that day. You all remember that when he fin ished his speech he tried to slip off, an d I threatened to send a file of men after him and bring him back if he did not -return to the stand, as 1 wished him es pecially to hear what I had to say. I spoke to him in rude and rough lan guage in order that the rude and rough negro might understand it, and that was my objective point. This was what killed the spirit of the negro, to see the governor of the State and the chosen reader of their party abused in such unmeasured terms. They would not stay to hear the speaking over, but leftin great disgust. He after wards spoke at New berry, where he received similar treatment by Colonel Lipscomb, Colonol Aiken and others; alsoat Abbeville, when again Colonels Aiken and Cothran poured hot shot into him. He again spoke at Midway, Barwell county, and was there con fronted by the lHon. G. D. Tillman, who also gaye himx such~ a severe tongue lashing that he never spoke again during the campaign. " The State conventioni mret on the 15th and we there met opposition to apton's nominuation-. The fusion - ists in the convention. led by Generals Conner and Hlagood and others, wanted Chamiberlain nonminated, or no nomination for governor. General Kennedy, Colonel Rion and others thought GJen. Hlampton was too ultra a Democrat and had been too conspicu ous a soldier in the war, that Gover nor Tilden desired a more moderate man. Colonel Caigle of Washington. THE EMBASSADOR OF TILDEN. "He was there for a more moderate man than Hampton. In a discussion with him, I had occasion to say to him that we all were for Tilden and Hendricks. but we denied their right and questioned the taste of their at tempting to dictate who should be our candidate for governor; that we be lieved in the doctrine of self govern ment and intended to exercise it; that General Hampton had been elected governor -,when not a candidate against Governor Orr; that Orr had been declared elected, but Hampton had been elected; Governor Orr told me this fact himself; and that such popularity as that I intended to try and avail ourselves of in the coming race. General Hampton was morti fied at the opposition and spoke to But ler and myself of withdrawing from the race. Pelton was telegraphed to in order to reach Mr. Tilden's views, and he telegraphed that Gen. John D. Kennedy was in possession of them. Butler and those acting with him de termined to place the name of Hamp ton before the convention, and he was unanimously nominated. Edgefield declined to run for any nomination on the State ticket. It was generally un derstood that the State offices would be egually divided between the fusion and btraightout members. It was so done. Butler moved to reorganize the executive committee, to reduce the number to seven, and to have them appointed by the president of the con vention and nominees for the State offices. It resulted in putting on five of the seven fusionists-the Straght outs were outwitted. The whole thing was intended to eliminate the fusionists from the executive commit tee. "Governor Hampton began the campaign at Anderson on the 2nd of September, but during his entire cam paign he did not encounter Chamber lain or any of his political associates. He had a walk overthe track. Chame berlain had been whipped out here on the 12th of August, and never could i-ally after his defeat at Newberry, Ableville and Midway. When the election was over and I went to Co lumnbia on Saturday to the State executive committee rooms. I was was received with a perfect ovation of thanks for what Edgefield had done, Governor Hampton said that but for our tremendous niajority the action of the rest of the State would not have availed anything; that Edoefield had saved the State. I modestly replied that we had done our level best; that we had a great many obstacles to over come, amongst them seven companies of United States troops were quartered all over the county and that the bay onet guarded the ballot box in viola tion of the laws of congress and the Constitution at almost every precinct. "It was well known amongst the members of the general assembly. and especially by the Democratic State senators that I have always favored a nomination of Hampton for gover nor; that he was to the State a politi cal necessity. Although I honestly dif fered with him as to the policy of the 2 mill constitutional tax for education, on the bond question, the university bill, the usury bill and other bills touching the policy of the State, I now say to him that Edgefield accepts what he has so well said, 'we can honestly differ and still be friends.' Such, sir, is the reciprocal sentiment of the entire Democracy of Edgefield. "And in conclusion, I would state that Edgefield in the future will imni tate the example of Cortez when he landed in Mexico, when he burnt his ship after him. We, in the language of the State platform 'turn from the settled and final past to the great liv ing and momentous issues of the pres ent and the future.' We did our part in the election of Hampton in 1876, and by a strong and united effort we intend to elect him and the entire State ticket in 1878." Course of Cotton. NEW YORK, Oct. 10.-This was a field day in the cot ton market. Liv erpool showed decided weakness and January after opening at 9.07 and ad ancing to 9.12 began to weaken in sympathy with the decline abroad. anuary declined to 8.99 and then ral lied to 9.06. This was just before noon. When the bureau report was announced, making the average con dition of the crop 65.1 as against 82.7 at this time last year, there was a wild rush to sell and it seemed hard to get a bid. In a moment January was sell ing at 8.88. A little later it sold at S.5 This was the lowest of the day. There was absolutely no justification in the bureau figures for this startling break. The report-was the worst Oc tober showing in recent years and was about as bad as was expected. But the market was loaded with long cotton and it was honey-combed with orders to sell if the bureau figures were over 65. Many orders were also to sell after the bureau announcemen~t whether prices were higher or lower, and still more to sell in case of a de cline. The accumulation of these or ders precipitated a mass of cotton upon the market in a moment and buyers seeing the state of things held off so as to get in as low as they could, but when the selling orders had been exe uted a quick recovery followed.- Jan uary rallied fully 20 points from the lowest, selling up to 9.05. Then those who had bought at the bottom has tened to take profits and the selling caused another decline. January re acting to S8.98. The close was barely steady with January at 8.96 and 8.97. The feeling this afternoon as to the course of prices is very much mixed. Our own opinion is that cotton sooner or later will bring higher prices than any we have vet seen this season. Riordan & Co. Plague in the W ater. KuLAuIzoo, Mich., Oct. 6.-News has reached here that James Guilford, who formerly lived at Prairie Ronde and who now resides in Hamilton county. Neb., has met with a terri ble misfortune. He was summoned homie from California to find his two sons, grandson and wife dead, Guii ford himself was taken sick soon after reaching that place. Investigation showed a number of dead rats in the wel" the water of which the family was in the habit of drinking. Ground Under Wheels. MONTGOMERY, Oct. 10.--At Mount Meigs, near this place today the fast train from Atlanta to Montgomery struck and instantly killed Miss Mat tie Murdock. In company with others, Miss Murdock was waiting for a train. The fast train does not stop at that station, andl as it approached three women attempted to cross the track. The bumpers of the engine struck Miss Murdock throwing her under the wheels, and she was ground to death THRILLING DAYS. SOME ROMANTIC REMINISCENCES RECALLED BY OLD SETTr-ERS. Crime of Fourteen Years Ago Dicussed by an Eye-Witness--A Marshal Who Had Too Much Faith in Moral Persuasion. KANSAS CITY Oct. 10.-One of the oldest settlers of Kansas, John D. Lan caster, who arrived here yesterday to spend carnival week 'in Kansas City, tellsmany interesting reminis cences of border life in that State. He resides on a farm in the southwes tern corner of the Sunflower State, near Caldwell, where in earl , days outlaws committed bloody deeds, murdering people as if life amounted to nothing and robbing them right and left. They cared nothing for the law and they had less respect for wo men. In a few words. they were hu man devils, bold and daring and des perate in their undertakings. The wilds of Indian Territory were their place of refuge. and far into the coun try, every nook and corner of which they knew as well as a bird knows its nest, they were safe from attacks and possible capture. Many were the ex peditior.s of officers of the law that were totally annihilated by these band its and many a brave life went out in battles with the desperadoes. Mr. Lancaster recounts many of these ex ploits with a vividness that is startling, and he also tells of a famous trial for murder that will be held late this fall at Caldwell at which all old-timers of the border who have escaped death at the hands of adversaries or the hang man will be in attendance, either as witnesses or spectators. And inereby hangs a record of killings that has few equals in western history. Mr. Lan caster told the story vividly last even ing. "Jim Talbot was the dashing king of Kansas and Indian Territory outlaws in 18Si," said he, -'a handsome fellow, tall, and fearless as a lion. Talbot was married about this time to the most beautiful girl in the southwest, and evervone said that surely he would settle down. But he had one enemy in the town whom he had sworn to kill. The then mayor of Caldwell, Mike Meagher, had killed a stage dri ver, Sir Powell, while marshal of Wichita several years before. Talbot. and Powell had been chums from ear ly boyhood and Talbot swore to have Meagher's life for his friend's. "One day City Marshal Tow Wilson locked up several of Talbot's gang at Caldwell, and the latter sent word to the mayor that they must be released. Meagher told the Marshal of Talbot's demand and ordered Wilson to stand pat.' This the marshal did. Hearing of this. Talbot said: "If my boys are not out of jail to morrow morning, I'll burn down the town and shoot Mike Meagher through and through till he'll look like the top of a pepper-box.' "It did not take long for Talbot's warning to spread. Everybody- knew he was a man of his word, a hard fighter and a dead shot. That night the town was in a turmoil, and prepara tions for the battle of the next day were hastily made. Weapons that had not been used for years were cleaned and new cartridges were sub stituted for the old ones. It was about 9 o'clock when the trouble began. Mike Meagher retreated to a right angle behind his saloon, and, while the cowboys were careering widly through the streets, shooting at every thing in sight, and the citizens were returning the fire from the housestops, Talbot deliberately walked down the alley until he caught sight of Meagher. Then began a battle royal of which I was an eyes-witness. Meagher was a dead shot, but for once he missed his aim. The cowboy kincr was more fortunate. He raised liis revolver deliberately and pulled the trigger. There was a flash, followed by a re port, and the bullet sent Mayor Mea gher's soul into eternity. He 'bit the dust' with a bullet through his heart. "After killing the mnayor Talbot ral lied his men with a wild cry and soon the desperate cavalcade dashed out of the city across the country and south into the Territory, followed by a posse of enraged citizens. During the fight in the city and in the prairie sixteen people were killed. Although a large reward was offered for Talbot he es caped, and shortly afterward his pret ty wife also disappeared, and as years rolled on the tragedy was almost for gotten. "At the time the mayor was killed Mike Meagher had a brother, John, a killer, a miner and a man with the per sistency of a bull dog. He was prospect ing in the mountain of Colorado when the fight took place and when he heard of it he swore he would have revenge. For twelve years John roam ed the WVest with a picture of Jim Tal bot in his pocket and murder in his heart. A year ago the Kansas author ities, through Jim Meagher's agency, located Talbot in California. He had a wide reputation there as a daring de tective, and was known as J ames Tal bot Sherman, his real name. He was a good officer and had a host of friends. His wife and family were highly re spcted in the comimunity. Sheriff Woodcock,of Sumner county,Kansas, and Captain Bill Lee, a reformed cow boy, now in the Salvation Army bar racks of Kansas, who had known Tal bot intimately, wen t out to California to get the man accused of murder. He was taken to Wellington for trial. The jury disagreed, rand now he is to be tried' again. Were it not for the hounding of John Meazher lhe would go free, so many years have elapsed since the tragedy,but the twin brother of the mayor of Caldwell swears that Talbot shall either swing for the kill ing or he will shoot him oin sight if lie is released. "Many other murders grew out of this killing. George Flair, a hand some, kidgloved 'killer,' became nma shal about the time of these troubles. He was an impoverished gambler with a college education. FlaWY married Mary Dear-se~the wealthiest girl in the county. His name became a terror on the border that he was asked to resign the marshalship. He declined, and with storms of wrath he swore lie would runi the town on his own hook. That settled it. One dark nifrht ag-ents of the conspirators riddled 'laff with bullets. His pretty wife hired detect ives to hunt down the slayers of her murderous husband. They also died with their boots on, very mysterious l. Meanwhile, Frank Hfunt, who had been Flat1"s deputy, became marshal. Nobody ever doubted that he had a and in the killing of his chief, and perhaps fired the fatal shot. "These stories found their way to the ears of Mary FlatF, the widow, and cert halls where she could meet Hunt. One night, at a ball, the marshall was sitting outside the hall at an open window. During the whiirl of a waltz someone, in passing the marshal', put a bullet through him. "He was killed instantly. After the funeral Bat Carr, another gambler, became marshall. Nobody ever in quired who killed Hunt, but every person seemed to think the widow did it, and when she killed Eunt she put a bad thing away. "Bat Carr was no mar to hold the marshalship. He was an easy going fellow and relied too much on moral suasion and not enough on Winches ters and sixshooters. He could not get a deputy to suit the occasion until one day a Texan named Harry Brown and a pof;.essional 'killer' came to town. Carr apiointed Brown his 0eputy, but soon Brown decided to run the town himself, so be run Carr out of town, and then Brown notifed the city coun cilmen that he intended to act as mar shall and run the town to suit himself. By this time everybody had discover ed the desperate character of the man and were afraid of him. He made Ben Wheeler his deputy, and together they terrorized the Southwest. They held up cattlemen on the streets and sys tematically robbed the gamblers. The women of the town had to pay tribute to the fun. Brown and Wheeler own ed Cald wvell. One day they rode away toward Cherokee strip, 'after horse thieves,' they said. On the way they were joined by two cowboys of the old Jime Talbot gang. and the four rode into Medicine Lodge the next morning about 9 o'clock and dis mounted in frontof the First National Bank. "The president and cashier refused to be robbed, so the outlaws killed them both, mounted their horses and made for the Cedar canyons, pursued by a posse under the command of a noted cattleman named Barney O'Con nor. They were captured an han ed by a mob at Medicine Lodge that night. Here's a Nut to Crack. I have found the following interes' ing problem in an old note book, writes Sir Walter Besant. I have no recollection at all of its origin. Per haps everybody knows it. Perhaps everybody does not. Those who ao not will find it, I think, unless they bring algebra to bear upon it, rather a tough nut to crack. Here it is. Once there were three riggers-their wickedness is a negligeable quantity it does not enter into the problem who robbed -an orchard, carried away the apples in a sack, laid them up in a barn for the night, and went to oed. One of them woke up before dawn, and, being distrustful o' his friends, thought he would make sure of his share at once. He therefore went to the barn, divided the apples into three equal heaps-there was one over, which he threw away-and carried off his share. Another nigger then woke up with the same uneasiness and the same resolution. He, too, divided the apples into three heaps-there was one over, which he threw away-took his share and carried it off. And then the third nigger woke up with the same emotions; he, too, divided the apples into three portions-there was one over, which he threw away-took his share, and departed. In the morning every one preserved silence over his doings of the night; they divided the apples which were left into three heaps-one was over, which they threw away-aad so each took his share. How many apples were there in the sack? There are many possible answers-a whole series of numbers but let us have the lowest number of apples possible. Senior wrang lers must be good enough not to an swer this question. Moralists, if they please, may narrate the subsequent his tory of these three niggers, apart from the problem of their apples. Pleasures at Home. The notion seems to be fixed in the minds of young people that amusement is a luxury to be enjoyed beyond our home. We are to pay for the opportu nity of sharing it at the theatre, opera, museum, etc. But every wise parent and every virtuous youth should en courage the idea that home is an am ple field for nearly every form of wholesome recreation and amusement. We may use it as a concert room, a lyceum, recitation saloon, or whatever else we may fancy; and the more the members of a family unite in efforts to improve and amuse each other, the less will they need or be disposed to seek recreation abroad, and the less will the youth of the family be ex posed to evil influences. A little tact in parents, aided by the abundant and cheap helps which may be found in the form of books, pictures music, etc., would furnish a variety of useful and entertaining exercises in the family, in which all might participate, and thus create an attachment which would be yielded to. It is because home is gloomy and dull, that young people spend their evenings away from it, and feel that they must do so if they would avoid moping away existence. And it is while they are in pursuit of enjoyment, out o1f sight .of parents, that they form habits an'd friends whlch entail lasting injury. Met a Horrible Death. SP.ARTA, Ga., Oct. 9.-Little Frank, the four year old boy of Mr. Tom R~oberts, a quiet, peaceable and indus trious farmer, who lives about one mile from town, met with a most hor rible and cruel death a few days since. The little fellow was sitting in a wagon which was being prepared to haul cot ton to the gin and his father had gone to the lot nearby to get the mules when two negro boys, brothers, aged respec tively 11 and 16 years, approached the wagon with a gourd, the handle of which was open in the end and in which was some diluted potash used for washing clothes, and they presented this death- dealing draught to the little fellow's lips with the statement that it was sweentened water, and when he opened his mouth thle3 tilted the gourd, pouring its contents like mol ten lead down his throat. The little fellow screamed and his father rain to him qui::kly and everything that could be done for the little felltow's relief was done but to no avail, his stomach be ing literally burned out. The parents have the sympathy of the whole coun ty in this terrible ailliction. A Policeman's Pistol. A TL ANT.1, Oc t. t.-W . M. Hudson, a policeman, tired at a negro thief to night and shot two men who were on their way home from their day's work. One of the victims, James Decatur, a negro shoemaker, is dead. J. M. Deal. a white tailor, is at the Grady hospital in a dangerous condition. The bullet struck him first in the face, passed around his head and entered Decatur's: temple. IRBY ON THE WAR PATH CLAIMS TO BE FIGHTING FOR THE POOR WHITE MEN. The Suffrage Plan as Reported lBitter]2 Attacked and Its Alleged Eifect of Dis franchising Whites Pointed Out--Wai Between the Senators. COLUMBIA, S. C.,; Oct. 10.-Senator Irby has given an interview to thll Piedmont Headlight, which Will be published in that paper today. Sen tor Irby strongly attacks Senator Till man's suffrage plan as reported. Hiere is the interesting interview as it w appear in The Headlight: We visited Senator irby at his honf in Laurens last week and interviewed him about the work of the Constitu tional convention and also got h pinion in regard to the suffrage plat proposed by Senator Tillman, an which has been made public withir the last few days. We believe that il the report of Senator Tillman's com mittee was carried out that it would mean the disfranchisement of thous. inds of poor and illiterate white vote n South Carolina, and vindicate the position of The Headlight in its oppo 5ition to the calling of a constitutional :onvention. We found Senator Irby in fine spieV' its, and as usual he vas surrounded by his friends. There is no denying he fact that the people of Laurens onor and love Senator Irby, and they ire clinched to him with hooks of teel. We asked the Senator about the work of the convention. "I have had but little to say tha lar," remarked Senator Irby, "as only preliminary work was being mapped :ut, and the settlement of few ques ions of any great importance brought before that body. Of course there were plenty of speakers on hand. arWd [ did not desire to fatigue the patience :f the members. I have careful'y watched the deliberations, however, letermined that whenever the rights mnd interests of my people were ira perilled that I would be heard from in ao uncertain terms." "Senator," we asked, "what do you think of the recommendation of Sena or Tillman's committee on the rigt >f suifrageI" "I look upon that report as a poli;i mal monstrosity-one of the most dan erous schemes ever concocted in the brain of man, and when the conven ion reconvenes I shall fight it and vote against it if I have not another member upon the floor at my back. Why the more I stuly that report, tae stronger my opposition and the great r the danger I see in it. But let rae ake that report up section, by section and analyze it for you, and [ do hope that The Headlight will gc ;o work without delay and arouse the white voters of our State as to the dan rer that threatens both the poor and illiterate white man, as also the poli :al supremacy of the Anglo-Saxon race in our State. "The first three sections of that :e port are but a reiteration of the old Law and to which no objection can be rged. But after that the plot begin ;o thicken, and the further you go the more damnable and outrageous it be :omes. First, let me take the quali fi :ations ior suffrage, as follows: "The person applying for regist'-a :ion must be abl'e to read and write my section of this Constitution, 01 ust show that he owns and pays :axes on $300 worth of property in this tate; provided, that at the first regis tration under this Constitution and up to Jan. 1, 1898, all male persons of -oting age who can read a clause in his Constitution or understand and explain it when read to them by the registration officer, shall be entitled tc register and become electors, a separ te record of all illiterate persons thus registered, sworn to by the registered flicer shall be filed, one copy with the lerk of court and one in the oflice of secretary of State, on or before Jan. 1, 898, and such persons shall remain through life qualified electors. unless isqualified by the provisions of sec tion 6 of this article. The certificate f the clerk of court or secretary of state shall be sufficient evidence tc establish the right of said class of citi ens to regatration and the franchise. "Now, let us analyze this section md see what it means: In the first place here is a sweeping clause posi ively disfranchising every white man n South Carolina who is not able ~oth to read and write or owns and ~ays taxes upon $300 worth of proper y in our State. This language is too lain to be misunderstood. It is a otal disfranchisement of the poor and lliterate white men as well as the ne o laboring under the same political isabilities. "But there is a tail to this suf frage lite that holds good until January 1, [98, which permits the registration fficer, if he sees proper and fit to do o, to grant a pardon to such voters as 1e may see fit and proper, subject to iis amnesty-for the heimous crime of eing poor and illiterte--and-.th >mbe rid jo~pna political equality 1th the educated negro and who lias tecumulated property. But even this :roviso is coupled with a provision so gominous and degrading that a >roiud-spirited Anglo-Saxon voter vould sooner lose his right of suifratge he.n to accept such political charity. Iere is what Senator Tillman's report ays: "A separate record of all illit ~rate persons thus registered, sworn to > the registration officer, shall be iled, one copy with the clerk of court, >ne with the secretary of State, etc." :n other words, for a poor, uneducate:1 nan to vote after this law passes. a a.pable and barefaced fraud must be :ommitted and then the name o'f the eneticiary of this pardon muist be led as a public record. both at his ourt house and at the State capitol ini olumbia. It will be a public anid >erpetual document of reproach upon housands of honest family names in south Carolina and tihe descendants or generations to comue of these par loned voters will have thc fact thro wn their teeth that their ancestors bec ng poor and illiterate were permnittcd o vote in direct conhlict with tihe spirit f their State Constitution, through a ardon and special act of suffrage. "Why, no brave and proud-spirited hite man in the old palmetto State vould accept suffrage under any s ach :onditions and would sooner lose his -ight to vote and be shoved ott in tile ame boat with the sea island ner~lo. le would then indeed be a politic'al xile in the State of his birth. lut the lonest name that he will bequeat b to is children and his chlildren's chxi tren would not be tiled among the ehves of South Carolina as are the lames of pardoned convicts. "IT am repnsnible m fo thecalling- of our Constitutional convention. I pledged the white voters of South Carolina that not one of them should lose his ballot on account of ignorance or poverty, and I shall sacredly keep this solemn covenant: and if it is broken by Senator Tillman and the convention, it will be with my denun ciation of the infamous plot ringing in the ears of the delegates. What brave and self-respecting white man desires his name handed down to future gen erations as being so poverty stricken and ignorant that a separate clause had to be engrafted into the Constitu tion of his State to enable him to vcte. But this pardon for illiteracy and pov erty is only temporary. Here is an cther clause in Senator Tillman's re port that even removes the pardoning power two years hence and requires a strict educational and property quali iication to become a voter. Read it carefullv and then tell me how this coincides with the pledge that B. R. Tilhnan made the people, that if they would call a Constitutional conven tion t nd trust him, that no white man should ne disfranchised: " 'Any person who shall apply for registration after January 1, 1898, if otherwite qualified, must be registered: provided. that he can both read and write any section of this Constitution, or can show that he owns and has paid taxes during the previous year on property in this State assessed at -300 or more.' " i anagers of election shall require of every elector offering to vote az any election, before allowing him to vote, proof.of the payment of all taxes, including poll tax assessed against him for the previous year.' "Let the convention adopt this re port, and after January 1, 1898, only two years hence, a voter must both read and write any section of the Con stitution or show that he owns and pays taxes on .300 worth of property. Even the right to pardon in this sec tion is denied. The blackest convict in the penitentiary can have his disa bilities removed by the governor, but the honest but poor and illiterate* white voter must remain disfran chised. "Now let me ask what will become of those thousands of poor white boys I.1 years of age now living in our State and whose parents are too poor to give them an caucation or endow them with * 300 worth of property. They are al ready e.inted on the side of the Re form movement, and while too young to vote, have thrown up their hands and cheered and worked for the elec tion, success of Tilman, myself and other Reform candidates. These youths are the coming voters who must up hold our Reform principles and con tinue our party in power. But they are struck down to a man with the most ignorant class of negroes and their right to a voice in the govern ment of their native State taken from them. "Let this law pass, giving educated and prosperity owing negroes the right to vote, but denying the poor unletter ed white man that high privilege, and yoi will see our ballot boxes saturated with blood. In two years' time you can't educate every white youth in South Carolina both to read and write, for the impoverished condition of thou sands of poor white farmers and labor ers will not permit them to spare the time of their sons to go to school. And then what is the result Their ballot is taken from them and they will have no more voice in the government of this State than the mule that they plow or dumb cattle that tread our highways. They must stand off and look on while the educated or proper ty owning negroes, living in our towns and cities, are helpling to rule and govern our State, and are making laws for those poor white men to live under. I"In 1861-'65, when those poor white men were being urged to the front, the question was never asked. c'ould a volunteer read or write, or did lie own $300 worth of property.- Neither were those conundrums propounded in 1876', when those poor and unlettered Demo cratic voters donned the red shirt and rescued the govcrnment of our State from the negro and Republican. And in 1890, wheni Tillmian was preaching political equality before the people, and pleading with those poor and un educated white men for their votes, he did not then ask did they have $:300 worth of property, or could they read the Constitution of their State under standingly. But no0w that neither his life-blood nor his vote are needed, lhe must be struck down-thrown aside like a sucked lemon or passed through a political inquisition. " I denounce that report of the right of suffrage committee, and of n hiich Senator Tillman is chairman, as nmon strous, and for our Reformers in the ccnventiontopass any such law would be the bassest treachery and the deep est dyed ingratitude. When that re port is brought before the convention I shsll tight it to the bitter end. I do not believe it will pass-I know that it should never pass. I pleded~ poor and uneducated - ' men of South Carolinah would potect them imrt i it t vt and protect tEn t'1 will: I will go down in defeat and humiliation withi th'em. "The right of suffrage is the highest privilege accorded a free born~' Ae?' can citzen, and no degramni' conci tions should be coupled with this right. "But it is claimed that such pr'ovis ons arc necesaary to preserve wie suremacy in South Carolina. Nowv I will prove to you. and to every intelli ent and thinking man that so far fromi the adoption of Senator Tillmau's report by the convention 'preserving white supremacy' that it will have a directly op~posite elfect, and make of the negro a political arbiter in our State anid rest in his hands the bal ance of row er. With a fresh right of franel t ac negro leadecrs will go t wok *'n' marshal t leaisi 50I.lY0 leal votes They1 c cl'im that thxere are 7:, U000 blacs in~South Ca roilua whocn read 'ad write, but there are udut edly 50.000f neg'roes who can vote' un der this~ proosd pr-ovision. T eCun seratves now~ have betweetn:'. Iand 41.00 voters. all of whom~ wil be qualified'fo suffrage iteRfr ranks there aire 'at leas 15'0 men who cannot read or write. Deprive them of their suitirage and~ te to fac tions are then nearly ~'j') eq a with the negro vote larger than' either one. This would give thec elec to"al vote of Sou'th Carlina. iided as' .' the whiltes are, to the Repuo 'licano 'anidat e for President. Let' e-iher factoieo ean out of the next Democratic primary, and with the assistanee of the negr the~ other would absolutely c'ontr'ol the politics of our State. White supremacy indeed. It means either negro sup~re macy or Conservative supremacy.I LCONTINt'ED ON P.WEF FO-R. IWONDER OF THE SOUTH. THE GREAT EXPOSITION IN AT LANTA. Magnificent Monument to that Stiring City--Plenty to See and Where to See It. The Visitor Not Robbed. ATLANTA, Oct. 10.-The man who thinks there is any degree of failure about the Cotton States and Interna tional exposition is ery far wrong. it is not "a great show for Atlanta." It is a great show for any city, and fol lowing hot upon the heels of the World's fair and brought to comple tion during the severest financial de pression,it would do credit to any city of five times Atlanta's population and wealth. As it is, it is a magnificent monument to the enterprise, patriot ism and determination of the citizens of Atlanta. This city reflects credit on the whole South. Let it never be re ferred to as a "Yankee town," for any section of country should be proud to possess a city that has, what might be termed in this instance, the auacity to inaugurate and the capability to complete successfully such a magnifi cent enterprise. For such it is. And there is no use ."waiting until everything is finished." Everything is not yet tinished, but there is more than enough to-entertain and instruct the larger majority of South Carolini ans until their pocketbooks have been exhausted. For those who have funds abundant, and to whom time is of lit tle consequence, nothing will be lost by delaying their visit for a few weeks, for one realizes that more at tractions are yet to be added by being brought to -see the workmen who are preparing places for those additions. But one cannot but wonder what new thing is to be shown, for the mind is already bewildered at the great variety of displays. What interests you? What do you wish to see? Come to the exposition and find it. Here is shown the best of all creation. The animal kingdom, the vegetable kingdom and the miner al kingdom have each been drawn up on to yield up its best treasures for the benefit of the Cotton States exposi tion. The following buildings on the ex position grounds are now complete: Administration building,240x50 feet, used principally for offices for the ad ministration staff. Auditorium, 200x135; seating capac ity 2,000; used for concerts, lectures, etc. Agricultural building, covers an area of 40,000 square feet, contining a most elaborate agricultural display; complete in every detail and hardly ever before equalled in extent. Machinery building, 486x100 feet; every manufacture of machine of note in the world is represen in this building by some machine of his make. In an adjoining building is the power plant from which is gotten the power to put all of the machinery in motion, so that it can be seen actully at work. Manufacturers and Liberal Arts building, 260x351, having 103,000 square feet of floor space. Electricity building, 262x80 feet. Transportation building, 433x117 feet. Fire building, 139x50 feet. Georgia Manufacturers building, 254x84 feet,in which is displayed only the works of Georga manufacturers. Model school buildg, designed to represent its name, and in it each day 25 children are taught in a "model" manrer by Miss Minnie Holman of the Peabody institute of Nashville, Tenn. Woman's building, one of the hand somest on the grounds, designed by a woman architect of Philadelphia, 150 x158 feet Plant Railway System building, in the shape of a pyrami-1, 100 feet square at base and 60 feet high. Georgia State build nag,in which are shown all of the vegetable and miner al products of Georgia. Negro building, 276x112 feet; it was erected entirely by negro labor,'and makes a very creditable display of the progress of the negro race in every department of life. United States'Government building, 140x80 feet~containing an exhibit well worth the while of all who have neve been through all of the governmental departments in Washington coming to see, if they saw nothing else. Minerals and Forestry building, 320 x80 feet, in which is a magnificent dis play of all of the minerals and wood to be found in the country. Fine Arts building, generally con ceded to be the handsomest building on the grounds. The total available ~ hanging wall space in this buildi* 30,000 square feet. Then there is th i ulig withitsg m Phtheatre and scores mgcs: the Japanese village, the Midway Plaisance, with r. thousand and one attractions, and scores of smaller buildings used for individual displa's. A' volum'e could be written on the exhibits in any one of the larger buildings, and an entire day could be spent with profit in any one of them a'nd an examination on the second day would reveal wonders missed on the lirst. Truly it is a great show; one worth coming many miles to see, and, in whicli ninny weeks could be spent with pleasure.-State. A South Carolina Convict. WILMIINGToN,N. C., Oct. 10.-A spec ial to The Star fronm Maxton, Robeson county, N. C. reports thatja negro as saulted and outraged two white women anid a colored girl Wednesday last a few miles from Maxton. He first as saulted the colored girl and went on to the farm of 3Mrs. i'aris, a widow. an~d learninig there were noinen on the prlemistes entered the kitchen, where he assauhted MIiss Paris and afterwards forud M1rs. Paris in the house and as saaherd her. The negrro made his es ca pe, but parties are in pursuit of him. He[ is suIpposed to be an escaped convict fromt South Carolina, named McKim moni w.ho recently stoleca team and a bole of cotton in the upper part of Robesou county. A Rtamrodl' Fatai Mission. 1 'eK HILL, Oct. 10-John Kidd, a well-to-do farmer living near here committed suicide today. He came home from' Yorkville fronm admtinster ing his father-in-law's estate, and call ing his wife, told her he was feeling badly and asked lher to put up his horse. lie iout his hat on her head, kissed her and said good-bye. When she came baok she found him lyingon the 11oor' dead. lie had placed the muz zle of a shot gun to his side and pushed