Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE MANN4ING TIMESm Malmi33z{n, mo. C~ LOUIS APPELT, Editor. Wednesday, May 22, 1S95. A White Primary. Governor Evans has determined not to call the Legislature together in extra session on account of the peculiar conditions which now con front us by the decision of Judge Goff in the registration cases. Be fore the State Executive Committee met after reading the Governor's ad dress ' e were inclined to think the Governor had allowed his indigna tion to get away with his calmer judgment and that after a few days he would call an extra session to remedy the devilment done by those who were bought and paid for with our enemy's gold to disrupt the gov ernment of the white man in this State. But, after reading the rea sons for his refusal, we are satisfied that the Governor is right and the calling of the Legislature can do no possible good. Besides a heavy out lay for the necessary expenses of con vening the Legislature it would give our enemies just what they want an opportunity to get another United States Judge to set aside what might be done by the Legislature. It is not a matter of law or right with these judicial autocrats ; it is a matter of party advantage and might. They have the power to en join the State and, whether right or wrong, just or unjust, they will issue injunctions, and we can not help our selves. Therefore, it is useless to "kick against the pricks" and, as our fingers are in the lion's mouth, the easiest way is the best way to get them out. The Constitutional convention has been called, and there is no use mincing words about it-the white men of this State must control it. We favor, for the sake of peace, the making of such concessions without a sacrifice of principle as will bring about unity in our ranks. We want all t ie white men and every interest represented in that convention, but there is ore thing certain: If peace is to be secured by the lines laid down by the Columbia State (as ex pressed in some of its recent editori als), then we say, To the dogs with such peace. If we, the majority of the white vote of t? e State, m ,t bend the kree to men -ho thre: ten us with the negro if R e do not accede to their terms, t'ien let us make a fight and accept any resalt. It would be far more preferable to be forced to give up the ship by weight of num bers than to be mode abject asses of by allowing ourselves to be bulldozed with the threats of certain white men hell-bent on destruction. The Democratic Exe .1 ive Commit tee has ordered a primary election to be held between white men and, rec ognizing that there are two contend ing factious within the Democratic party, they he ve arranged that both factions be equally represented at the polls. What better plan would the people have to select their dele gates ? Is there a plan more fair ? It is with an absolute fair election that every peace-lo."ing man will be satis fled, and to insure a fair election the committee wisely fixed things so that neither faction can be charged with cheating. The committee went fur ther and recommended that factional differences be'laid aside, which was another step in the right direction; yet there are some who are so thor oughly bent on destruction that they say the committee did well "as far as -it.. goes," but they did not go far enough. In the name of common sense, what will satisfy such people ? Do they want the committee to issue an edict reading all men out of the party who will not support in the primary such men as Gonzales, Garlington, Pope, Doug'lass, Brayton, Melton, Johnston and D)argan ? The Democratic Exec utive Committee, composed of both factions, acted wisely at its last ses sion, and every white man in the State, be he Conservative or Re former, should go to work and carry out in good faith what the committee has recommended. There are no factional issues at stake in the Constit ational Conven tion, and we see no reason why white men should not be able to make a satisfactory selection of delegates among themselves without appealing to the negro. There is one strange thing about this business. We hear men deprecate an appeal to the negro when in conversation with those opposed to such a course, yet at the same time by their silence they encourage those who are threatening such an appeal. We size up the situation thus: There are men who have not discov e -ed "where they are at," and, Mi c wber-like, are waitin fo'- some e-'thing to turn up. They k. ow that the negroes have a large majority, pnd if led by white men may be suc cessful. Then, again, they know that the election machinery is in the hands of white men who will make a desperate struggle before relinquish igtheir ho'd u n it. Now, these waitng-or-ome ' -totur-uppa triots are not anxious to array them selves against the malcontents that have already sold themselves to the enemy, but by a judicious silence they propose to keep in with all the poiical elements. It w'll not work. The people are watching, and they know who to trust. They will not care to take stock in fence-straddlers nor the class of political cattle who think the present state of affairs "very.un fortunate," but wil! not do or say anything in public to repudiate the cond ict of some of their political as .sociates who are now threatening a large majority of white men with an appeal to the negro unless their unreaso-nable demands are acceded to. There will be a determined effort made to capture the Constitutional Convention, in order to prevent from being accomplished that which the1 white men in this State realize as their only salvation--the restriction of suffrage. The suffrage must be restricted by some constitutional means, or through the machinations of hired traitors and antagonistic judges we will soon be at the mercy of the black race and their newly bought allies. Let us, without regard to factions, rally to the flag with "White Man's Supremacy" written upon it, and from now until the convention has finished its labors, let us stand to gether. Any white man who will organize the negro against his own race should be frowned upon and treated as an enemy to his State; it matters not what his record has been in the past. He is a traitor, and should be so branded. Lockhart, Tex., Oct. 15, 1889. Messrs. Paris Medicine Co., Paris, Tenn.: Dear Sirs: Ship us as soon as possible 2 gross. Grove's Tasteless Chill Tonic. My customers want Grove's Tasteless Chill Tonic and will not have any other. In our experience of over twenty years in the drug business we never sold any medicine which gave such universal satisfaction. Yours re spectfully, . J. S. BnoWNE d Co. No cure, no pay. Sold by Loryea, the nmaunis share of that night-April 8-in rebuilding some bridges that had been burned where the road ran through a swamp, crossing a stream some sixteen times within a mile. "You ask me to relate what I may re member of the fight at Dingle's mill. "On the afternoon of the 9th, as we were approaching-as I recollect it-a timbered swamp, across which was built a causeway, our advance guard was fired upon from a battery that bad been erected on the oppo site side of the swamp and commanding the causeway and the road. "Our battery was soon gotten in position to the right of the road, which was an open field, and returned the fire, while Colonel Carmichael with his own regiment, the One Hundred and Fifty~-seventh New York and a part of the Fifty-Sixth New York ef fected a crossing through the swamp and captured the guns. Several of our men were wounded and perhaps killed. And of the Confederates I recollect seeing a few dead lying near the battery. I remember see ing one lying dead, cut nearly in two by a cannon ball, and was told by some one afterward that he was a Presbyterian min ister living at or near Sumter (Lieutenant McQueen, son of the Rev. D. McQueen). "I think that all the Confederates en gaged were raw militia, and while the action was that of brave meen, their inex perience and the well-disciplined force they had to conterd with, made the contest altogether unequal. "I can give you a little personal incident of that fight. I was sitting on my horse just over a rising knoll in the road from the causeway watching the firing, when a ball from one of the guns of the Confed erate battery that could be plainly seen on account of its partially spent condition and our being directly in its line, struck the ground, ricochetted, and came directly toward me, when Major Webster of the Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry called out to me 'dodge,' when I leaned over my horse, just escapiog the blow that would in all probability have pievented me from writing this letter. The ball was picked up about two hundred yards from us. "It was only a short march to Sumter, where we arrived about dark. Tiere the round-house was burned and several loco motives destroyed, but I am sorry to say that the destruction of property did not and with that. "Notwithstanding that guards were care fully posted, nearly all the stores in the town were badly ransacked during the night. I know it was the impression at the time--and I think correct-that but for the feeling and excitement growing out of the unfortunate stand made by the militia it Dingle's ril', most of whom were sup posed to live in Sumter,'private property would not have been mulested. But such was war. "At Sumter I was invited and accepted an invitation to stay at a house, as I now remember, not far from the round-house, where there were two ladies, one of whom had a husband in the Confederate army. I accepted a similar invitation from some Jewish ladies in Camden, South Carolina, who lived in a house fronting on the pub lic square. At both places I was treated nicely and still remember the good meals at a table and clean beds to sleep in things that were luxuries then. "As I had command of the engineer de partment I was permitted to do pretty much as I pleased while in camp. Hence these pleasant irregularities. "I have quite a curiosity to see your ac ount of the raid, and trust that will do rur boys full justice. I knew most of the ficers in the command and believe that they were gentlemen even in the midst of war, but of course there were always some to be found in every command of whom this could not be said. "More than twenty-one years have passed since the war closed. Much friction was necessarily engendered through new ivil relations of the people of the South, and some problems remain to be solved, but prosperity is rapidly reaching through her hills and valleys, and a common na onality is becoming a living reality. No one has kindlier feelings toward her people and a greater pride in her pros perity tban the lieutenant of engineers, who took an bumble part in Potter's raid. "aow sorely afflicted have many of your people been by the earthquake ? But there .s one consolation in the fact that the sym athy and relief so freely bestowed by the ~eople from all sections of the country ~trengthens the bond of our common na ionality. "Of course I hav~e a distinct recollection f the circumstances of being at ex-Gov rnor Manning's mansion, but I can not remember entering it with the other officers, so your question I can not answer. "I distinctly recall 'the flag of truce' son after leaving the grounds. There was reat joy among the soldiers on its receipt, .hich was shown by loud cheering and ring of muskets for some time. "Before that we had seen scarcely any rbite men, but from that time on the road ides were lined with them. I remember f thinking that they did not look very >leasant or appear very communicative, out thought that it was quite natural under :he circumstances. "I think that most of the negroes who ollowed in our wake Ion that raid went to Jharleston and Beaufort and other places n the coast. "I am very anxious to read your 'Recol ections of Potter's Raid.' So just as soon is you can please send them to mue. So, gain thanking you for the high esteem in hich you have held me for so many years or the little act of kindness that I wvas by ~ortunate circumstanees enabled to do you nd .yours, I remain most kindly yours. "HinarsoN L. WATERM1AN." My friend Waterman received what ho xpressed such a great desire to read, and iaid "we all shall read them most carefully nd then will give you our opinions of hem." Repeated letters to him since their re ~eption have never brought a reply. I can >nly surmise that his feelings were hurt and he was mortified at the treatment I re eived after he bid us good-bye from some >f his fellow-officers. It would have been very pleasant c aiie ; have kept up a correspondenace, but in tall I never could have done too much for HOW'S TIHlS! We offer One H~undred~ Dollars Reward 'or any case of Catarrhu that cannot be cured >y Hall's Catarrh C'tre. F. J. CHENEY e CO., Props., Toledo, 0. We the undernigned have known F. J. Theney for the I tst 15 years, and be:ieve .im erfectly I onorable in all business ransactions and financially able to carry >ut any obligation made by their firm. ~est & Truax, Wholesale Druggists, To ledo. 0. Walding, Kinnan & Marvin, Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, 0. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internally, icting directly upon the blood and mucous urfaces of the system. Price 75c. per hot :le. Sold by all Druggists. Testimonials Governor Evains Shows Manhood. Democrats of South Carolina: In one of my letters to the Democrats of the Sixth Congressional District, before whom I ap peared as a candidate for Congress last year, I remarked that our registration law was constitutional. Of course, I meant that it was constitutional by precedent, as are all of the registration laws of the other States of our Union. No qualification is allowed at all by the United S'ates Constitution. Precedent may operate against both con stitutions and laws until they are set aside by our higher courts. Judge Goff's decision therefore, in my opinion, operates as much against Mlassachusetts, M1ississippi and other registration States as it does against South Caroline. As he puts his decision upon federal grounds entirely, of course it is obliged t> fall upon all the States alike. Is it just to apply constitutional law to one State, and leave the others in the full enjoyment of precedential law ? Such a d - cision is obliged to be a discrimination far more dangerous than that against ignor ance and in favor of intelligence. Do not those States north of Mason's and Dixon's line en'joy "state rights" to tbe fulle t extent? What federal judge would dare to enforce .Judge Goff~s decision in New York or Pennsylvania? If South Carolina is in our union of States, why is she not as munch entitled to the full enjoy ment of "State right" us any of our Yankee States? Because she and the other South ern States have been forced into submis sion by Northern and foreign troops, are they to be stamped under foot and spit up Recollections of Potter's Raid. BY REV. W. W. MOOD. All hope of ever finding Lieutenant Waterman, who had befriended us in our parsonage during the memorable raid of Potter's army on the 8th of April, 1865, had been abandoned, yet I continually thought of him and longed to be brought into com munication with him. It was, perhaps, the last of July, 1886, that I once more read over-even more carefully than before-all the replies I had received concerning him. Upon reading that of the Dean of Har vard University, dated May 22, 1886, I saw one more clew, as I hoped, of finding him, and, at the risk of annoying the dean, I determined to make this one more effort to find my friend, and in writing I begged him to bear with me, but that I could not find H. L. Waterman in Vacaville, Cal., or any one who knew anything of him ; but there was a "Richard" Waterman, who had graduated in law at Cambridge, that he was a lieutenant in the Union army, and asked if he might not have made a mis take in giving me "H. L." instead of "Richard" Waterman. I asked him to re ply. The reply came, and is as follows : "South Dartmouth, Mass., "August 8, 1886. "Reverend and Dear Sir: Yours of July 23 has just arrived. To-day I received a letter from H. L. Waterman. He was a lieutenant in the First New York Volunteer Engineers, and is noa- vice president and general manager of the Ottumwa and Kirkville Railroad Company and Wapello Coal Company. His address is Ottumwa, Iowa. "Please consider this confidential, as Mr. Waterman might think I was using my information improperly. Truly yours, "W. C. CEmipaP, Dean." I leave my readers to imagine the joy this letter gave me, and yet I feared. I re joiced with trembling. I was not long in preparing a letter and mailing it. In fact, I used the very same letter I had written twenty-one years be fore, only adding a postscript and altering the date. lie replied in great kindness, though under restraint. This was evident : Twenty-one years was a long time to remember an occurence that to him was an incident in that unfortunate struggle, "but to you, Mr. Mood," he wrote, "it was different, and whether it was a favor or injury, would not soon be forgotten. "I remember distinctly being in Man ning, in Sumter, and in Camden, and re call many occasions on which I was able to render favors-though only trifles in them selves and for which I am entitled to no special credit, as they were simply acts of humanity. "If you are not mistaken in the person, and it Teems to me you cannot be from all the circumstances you relate, please tell me just what occurred there, the time, and all the circumstances connected with it. "I can not lightly consider so kind a letter as the one just received from you. Please&tell me how you obtained my ad dress. "I remember calling at some one's house where there were several ladies and having a very pleasant talk and an indistinct recollection which becomes more and more vivid as I think of it, of an occurrence as suggested-or rather related-in your letter." This letter gave me food for thought, and I was now tolerably sure that I had my hand at last on my long-lost friend. I now wrote more fully to him and gave him several circumstances in their minutia which I hoped he'd recall and leave no shadow of a doubt upon the minds of either of us. He was not long in replying, and his letter reads as follows : "Ottumwa and Kirkville Railway Company, "Kirkville, Iowa, Sept. 4. 1886. "Address all letters to Ottumwa, Iowa. "My Dear Mr. Mood : After reading your letter, in which you describe the almost 'nceasing efforts made to discover my whereabouts-having only my family name to guide you-I should be exceedingly un feeling not to highly prize such evidences of gratitude for the small favor I was able] to bestow upon you and yours over twenty one years ago. . "This incident, like many others with which I was connected during the last raid of the civil war, had almost entirely faded from my memory. To you such an inci dent-as is amply evidenced by your acts was not so easily forgotten. You had seen none of the horrors of the war, and the in vasion of your quiet town by armed men while you were sick-thus increasing your anxiety for the safety of your family would lastingly engrave upon your memory all the occurrences of the hour. "I knew no one in your town, never ex pected to see it or any inhabitant thereof again, and this 'Manning, South Carolina,' was to me but one of the passing views in the closing scenes of the panorama of the war. "That I had the' opportunity and dispo sition, as it were, to cast 'a crumb upon the waters,' affords me-when I behold the returns-pleasing sensations, I assure you. You ask me several questions, and among others 'if I am a religious man.' In the ordinary meaning of the term I am not. I am happily married and have a son who was born March 6, 1808. He is with us and has a position in our office. "For several years after the war I fol lowed my profession, civil engineering most of the time in railway construction in this State. "During the four years ending March, 1884, I was mayor of the city of Ottumwa. I have occupied my present position as vice president and general manager of the Ottumwa and Kirkville Ililway Company and WVapello Coal Company a little over two years. My name is Harrison L. The L. stands for Lyman, which was my father's name, who died forty years ago this month. He lies buried in the place of my birth, Cray don, New Hampshire. I visited the place last June while East, and you may be sure that I recalled many sad recollections of long years ago. "I inclosA photographs of my wife Alice and of my son Philip and of myself. I hardly think you will see anything natural in mine, as I have changed a good deal during the many years since I saw you. At 46 I have no gray hairs and use no glasses. They are first-class cabinet-size pictures. I look at them, and his manly, kindly face placed in my album. "My wife has read all your letters and takes great interest in all the events and occurrences related by you. I should ever so much like to see you and yours, and if I ever go South, which I may do, I shall surely hunt you up. He received the photograph of the three of us. "My folks are Methodists, my wife being amember of that denomination, and I was of course familiar with all the rules and economy governing the support and changes of the ministry of the Methodist church, and that very likely may have led you to infer what you did. "I think your recollection of small cir cumstances and events remarkable. "As I now remember, it was late in the afternoon of April 8, 1865, that we reached your town. '-After camping, as I happened to do. so near your dwelling, I made the call upon 'you that you mention. What induced me to call upon you I do not now distinctly recollect,' but remember of bearing you spoken of as being at home sick and think that some one expressed the belief 'that you were only feigning sickness.' I thus took it upon myself, without any particular authority to make inquiries and investi gations and became satisfied that you were really in the condition claimed and, not desiring to see an innocent and sick person disturbed, much less harmed, induced me to take the steps I did. I traink that in telling you that you were going to be airested-while it was true-it was threatened mainly for the purpose of satisfying myself of your real condition by noting how you received it.I "The other call that I made that evening I can not now fully describe. There were three or four of us officers, and the call was made merely out of curiosity. We had only few minutes of plesant conversation, and I remember asking the ladies where the men of the town were. They gave us, as we expected, some evasive answer that they were not far away, or something of the kind. I can not locate the house, but think it was upon the opposite side of the town from yours. "If I iremember corecly I spent a good by ignorance, while the other States are allowed to make use of their intelligence? Has party spirit arrived at such an unjust' course of action? How can our United States Congress and our State Legislatures be graced and guided by wisdom if ig norance is to take a hand in such high place,' I tell you the wisdom of the South has ever been equal to that of the North, either upon the field or in the balls of our Amer ican Congress. The great Washington was a Southern man, as well as Jefferson, Cal houn and other inimitable Southern lights. A great "hew and cry" is raised against Governor Evans because he had the man hood to say and write what the Governor of New York would do under such circum stances as now surround him and his State. Does not every flippant Yankee news paper which has assailed him know that it is his duty to talk and write with the same freedom of thought as that of any other Governor? Why not? Are we of the South slaves ? When Ptesident Andrew Jackson and ..obert Y. Hayne issued their opposition proclamations would a federal judge have' then dared to interfere with our State af fair,? Di l not South Carolina, through her gre.it Calhoun, win a decided tariff victory in favor of the poor consumer? Did Mr. Calhoun not silence the great Webster in :he Senate chamber? On that occasion Mr. Calhoun defended the rights of every State wh"n he advocated that of South Carolina. The men who write or speak disparagingly of our great Calhoun are not worthy to be Cnl:ed American citizens. Your fellow e'itizen, Joux L. EASTEULING. Fort Hill, Clarendon County, S. C., May is, 1895. Pulmonary cousumption, in its early stages, may be checked by the use of Ayer's Cherry Pectoral. It stops the dis tressing cough, soothes irritation of the throat and lungs, and induces much needed repose. Hundreds have testified to the remarkable virtues of this prepara tion. ELKINS'S "SOLID SOUTH" PLAN. The Senator-Elect Wants a Southerner for Tice-President, and Prefers Judge Goff. NEw YoRK, May 18.-According to Senator-elect Stephen B. Elkins, of West Virginia, who is now at the Wal dorf hotel, the republican party will have a great opportunity in the coming presidential campaign to make big in roads into the democracy of the south. Mr. Elkin's idea is to secure a thor oughly national organization of the re publican party instead of having as heretofore the North against the South. To secure this he would select a south ern republican as as vice-presidential candidate and thus recognize the gal lant figh that republicans in that sec tion are now making. Judge Goff, of West Virginia, is his preference for the place, Mr. Elkin says. The silver question, he declares, will adjust itself. He is in favor of the gov ernment establishing a parity between gold and silver at a ratio of 16 to 1 or 20 to 1, or whatever it deems proper, and then maintaining that parity. Mr. Elkin does not think a straight gold man will be selected as the candi date of the republican party next cam paign, but that a compromise candidate will be chosen. He did not, he avers, come to New York to meet ex-Presi dent Harrison, and he does not think that Mr. Harrison is giving the presi diential nomination a single thought, although if he saw clearly that he was wanted the ex-president would no doubt listen to the call of his party. TRADE CONDITIONS LOOK UP. Bradstreets Report, for the Week Just Ended, Encouraging. N~w YORK, May 18.-Bradstreets to day says: General trade conditions throughout the country continue quite farvorable. Activity in speculative and investment circles has ex ceeded that in merchandise lines, but gias made in the latter have in nearly all instances been retained. Woolen goods manufacturers, even with or ders for several months to come, are not ans tIcipating wants, as prices for wool at the si teior are above a parity with quotations at the seaboard, and lower prices are looked for. Heaviest transactions continue in Australians. The weath,. has retarded shearing. Rhode Island woolen.manufacturers say the demand is largely for the cheaper grades. Among the more favorable features of the situation are ank clearinirs, the aggregate for the week be ing $1l.610( 0&0 or three per cent more thanr last week, when the total was the heaviest since the second week of June, 1893. The entire region from Boston to Kansas City, Omaha, and South Falls, S. D., and south to the Gulf. reports damage to early vegeta bles and fruit from the late severe cold weath er. It has also checked sales of the seasonable fabrics. ___________ NO TRUTH IN THE STORY. Secretary Lamont Not to Give Way to Mr. Outhwaite, of Ohio. WAsEINGTON, May 17.-There Is the best authority for saying that there Is no probability in the story that comes from Columbus, Ohio,that ex-Represe - tative Jos. H. Outhwaite, of Ohio, w'f succeed Colonel Lamont as secretary of war Mr. O'uthwaite is now in Europe, but 14~ excpected to return to this coun try July 1. It Is said positively at the war department that Secretary Lamont will serve out his full term unless some thing unforeseen prevents. Secretary Lamnont answered a question as to the truth of the report with a smile, and nothing more. His friends say for him that he will certainly stay where he Is throughout the administration. TENNESSEE'S CENTENNIAL. an Enthuslastic Meeting on the Project In Nashvlme. NAsuvitLR, May 20. - There was a neeting at the chamber of commerce Saturday night of representative bust cess men to decide the fate of the cen tennial expositon. It was the most en husiastic meeting yet held on the sub lect, and it was unanimously determin d that the exposition must be held. It was stated that the question was not whether the exposition would be held, bt whether it would be held at Nash ille or Memphis or Chattanooga. The .nanimnous decision was to have the exposition in Nashville, even If David on county had to put up all the build ings without any help. VIRGINIA PRODUCE DAMAGED. Did Dominion Truck Farmers snffered on Account of Cold Rains. NORFOLK, Va., May 18.-The truck farmers of this section have suffered very seriously on account of col'd rains. Reports to the Virginian from all sec tions of the state is to the effect that pptatoes, cabbage, peas etc., have been damaged possibly twenty-five per cent and in certain sections the loss will reach forty per cent. The fruit erop has also been seriously Injured. The loss cannot be estimated. It is impos sible to estimate the loss in dollar.; and cents. ________ Moblle's Delegation to Memphis. MoBILE, Ala., May 21.-At the large ly attended mass meeting held last night, twenty-five delegates were se lected to represent Mobile at thie sound money convention in Memphis. Savannah Cigarette Factory Burned. SAVANNAH, Ga., May 21.-The Este nil cigarette factory, in this city, was destoyed by fire yesterday. The loss is estimated at $200,000. Maximo Gomes Joined by ruerto Principe TAIImA, Fla.. May 21.-Private ad vices received here from Cuba state that Maximo Gomez has invaded Puer to Principe and that the entire prov nc ha risen to join him. Gov. Turney Cals the Extra Session. NASHVILLE, May IS.-Gov. Turney yesterday afternoon issued a formal proclamation for the extra session of the legislature, to convene Monday, May 27. The matters mentioned in the call for consideration are the appropri ation bill, the revenue bill, the peni tentiary bill, a bill to require voters to register less often, a bill creating levee districts in West Tennessee, and a bill to regulate state banks. The Strike Will Not Succeed. BLUEFIELDS, W. Va., May 20.-It has been definitely settled that operations will be resumed in four of the largest West Virginia mines tomorrow. Mili tia are in readiness, but Governor MeCor'- a will not let them move until strikers actually attack the works. If these operations go along successfully the strike cannot suoceed. Endorse the Sound Money Convention' WILMINGTON, N. C., May 18.-At a meeting of the produce exchange of this city held yesterday resolutions were adopted unanimously indorsing the Memphis "sound money' conven tion. WORK( E CORT Teet of the Decision in the Income Tax Case. WHY THE MEASURE YET DEATH BLOW Chief Justice Fuller, Who is Classed as Against the Law, in a Long But Interesting Decision-Case Fully Subjected to Review. WASINGToN, May 21.-The United States supreme court yesterday decid ed the income tax to be unconstitution al, the court dividing as follows: Against the law-Chief Justice Ful ler, Justices Field, Gray, Brewer and Shiras. For the law-Justicos Harlan, Brown, Jackson and White. When the justices took their seats, it was observed that the chief justice had an unusually large bundle of manu script in his hands, but nothing was thought of this, as a score or more of opinions were expected. But imme diately there was a sensation, for ignoring an almost wholly unbroken rule, which reserves -he announcement of opinions by the chief justice to the ast, Justice Fuller plunged at once in to the income tax cases. He read his opinion in full, occupying about one hour's time, and spoke with an earnest ness that manifested the depth of the feeling expressed in the opening sen tences of the opinion. In delivering the opinion on the income tax case Chief Justice Fuller said: Whenever this court is required to pass upon the validity of an act of congress as tested by the fundamental law enacted by the people, the duty imposed demands in its discharge the ltmost deliberation and care, and invokes the deepest sense of responsibility. And this is especially so when the question involves the exercise of a great governmental power, and brings into consideration as vitally affected by the decision, that complex system of govern ment so sagaciously framed to secure and per petuate an indestructable union, composed of indestructable states. We have t'erefore an anxious desire to omit nothing which might in any degree tend to elucidate the question sub mitted, and aided by further able arguments embodying the fruits of elaborate research, carefully re-examined these cases, with the re sult, that, while our former conclusions remain unohanged, their scope must be enlarged by the acceptance of their logical consequence The very nature of the constitution, as ob served by Chief Justice Marshall, in one of his greatest judgments, 'requires that only its great outlines should be marked, its import sant objects designated, and th4 minor ingre dients which compose those objects he de duced from the nature of the objects them selves.' In considering this question, then, we must never forget that it is a constitution that we are exposing. Classes of Federal Taxation. As heretofore stated, the constitution di vided federal taxation into two classes, the class of direct taxes, and the class of duties, imposts and excises, and prescribed two rules which qualified the grant of power to esch alass. The power to lay direct taxes appor tioned among the several states in proportion to their representation In the popular branch of congresi, a representation based on popula tion as ascertained by the census, was plenary sand absolute; but to lay direct taxes without apportionment was forbidden. The power to lay duties. imposts and excises was subject to the qualification that the imposition must be uniform throughout the United States. Our previous decision was confined to the sonsideraion of the validity of the tax on the ncome from real estate, and on the income from municipal bonds. The question thus limited was whether such taxation was direct or not, In the mesning of the constitution; [and the court went no farther, as to the tax on the ncome from real estate, than to hold that it fell within the same class as the source whence the inoome was derived, that is, that a tax upon the reality and a tax upon the receipts therefrom were alike direct; while as to the in some f:-om municipal bonds, that could not be taxed because of wapt of power to tax the source, and no reference was made to the a gre of the tax as being direct or Indirect. We are now permitted to broaden the field of inquiry, and to determine to which of the two great classes a tax upon a persons's en tire income, whether derived from rents, or products, or otherwise, of real estate, or from bends, stocks. or other forms of personal prop erty, belongs; and we are unable to conclude hat the enforced subtraction from the yield of all the owners' real or personal property, In the manner prescribed, is so diffierent from a tax upon the property itself, that it is not a direct, but an indirect tax, in the meaning or the constitution, MeanIng of the Constitution. We know of no reason for holding otherwise than that the words 'direct taxes' on the one hand, and 'duties. imports and excises,' on the other, were used in the constitution in their natural and obvious sense; nor, in ar riving at what those terms embrace, do we eroeve any ground for enlarging them be yond, or narrowing them within their natural and obvious import as the time the constitu tion was framed and ratified, and, passing from the text, we regard the conclusion reach ed as ineviseble, when the -circumstances which surrounded the convention and control led ts action and the views of those who framed and those who adopted the constitu tion are considered. We do not care to retravel ground already traversed but some observations may be added. The chief justice then reviewed the history of the struggles in the con stitutional convention as to the power to be granted the government in the matter of laying taxes: the views of early coxstitutional writers and ex pounders; and the early decisions of the court, and continued: The constitut~on prohibits any direot tax, unless in proportion to numbers as ascertained by the census; and in the light of the circum stances to which we have referred, it is not an evasion of that prohibition to hold that a gen eral unapportioned tax imposed upon all1prop erty owners as a body for or in respect of their property is not direct, in the meaning of the constitution, but confined to the income there from. Whatever the speculative view of political economists or revenue reforms may be. can it be properly held that the constition, taken in its plain and obvious sense, and with due regard to the eircamstanee attending the formation of the government, authorizes a general unapportioned tax on the products of far an th r ofal s s ithod with no possible means of escape from pay ment, as belonging to a totally different class from that which includes the property from whence the income proceeds. There can be but one answer, unless the con stitutionlal restriction is to be treated as utterly illusory and futile and the object of its framers defeated. We f1nd that it is Impossible to hold that a fundamental requisition, deemed so important as to be enforced by two provisions, one affrm ative and one negative, can be refined away by forced distinctions between that which gives value to property and the property itself. Income From Capital in Personality. Nor can we perceive any ground why the sme reasoning does net apply to capital in personalty held for the purpose of income or ordinarily yielding income, and to the income therefrom. All the real estate of the country, and all its invested personal property, are open to the direct operation of the taxing power if constitution. The constitution docs not say that no direct tax shall be laid by ppor tion ment on any other proper: , thnx land. cn the contrary. it forbids . una-. rti-md dire:t taxes; and we kno. a: we.rr"ut Ir excep . Ing personal property ic' h' power, or any reason wi:: an :: toned d rect tax cannot be laid :.nd als . Gallatin said in his repor: when :ertary ,f the treasury in 1.12. "upon the sa(a opeets of taxation on which the direct taxe 1 ek l un der the authority of the state are laid and assessed." The stre:s of the argument is thrown, hon: ever, on the a,;e -ticr that an income tax is not a property tax at all: that it :s not a real estate tax. or a crop tax, or a iend :x: that it is an assessment upon the axpa' -r en acenunt of his money-spend:n.- p '--- - a"" " , s revenue for the year pre...:. toLn.a.. : that rents received. crops t:rvested. in:re-t collected. have !oC: ::1 comtetio" v:!th thc:r origin, and ulthour'h once ..t taxa- e, have b come transmuted In their new forai i:.o t.::a ble subject matter: 1.1 etLr words. that in come Is taxable irren'''v e o' the so-rce from whence it is cerised. If it were the fact that the:' had been no income law, such as this, nt the t':-. :h;:t the constitution was froni-d.l ,dopted. it would not be of controlling impcr.ne. A direct tax cannot be taken out of the *o-stittaticenl rule because the particular tax did not c::1st at the time the rule was presenibed. As Chieff Ju tice Marshall s aid in the Darthmouth college case 'It is not enouyh to :ay that this partic ular case was not in th mini of the conven tion when the article was franed, nor of the American people when it was adopted. It is necessary to go further. and to say that, had this particular case been s.-grted the lan e would have been so varied as to exclude tion. The case being wn - wS rule, must be within i:s -ation likewise, unless there be somet:::.; I : the literal con struction so obviously absntr. or mischievous. or repugnant to the general s:;irit of the In strument as to justify thoe w-ho expound the constitution in making it an exception.' Apportionment Upon iwsr.'s of Census. Beinx direct and therefore to be laid by ap portionment. is there any real ditliculty In do ing so ? Cannot congres. if the necessity exist of raising thirty, forty or arc' other number of million dollars for the support of the govern ment in addition to the r':- from duties. imposts and excies. app- rt P-n the quotia of each state upon the b:si c': the census, and thus advise it of the payment which must be made. sad proceed to assess that amount on all the real and personal prope::ty or the income of all personal property or the income of all persons in state. and coliect the samce If the state does not in the meantime assume and pay its quotia and col.:ct the amount accord ing to its own systemn :.n- its own way ? In conveniences might p-;i ny attend the levy of of an income tax but t'is .pordouable is hardly dented. alt. i. is a:-<-:tc-t tat it would operate so L.-: ..: : le andesic ale. We aro not here concerl .i:b the question whether an ineco t :- eax not desirable, nor whether such a ta:: ena le the gov ernment to dimiish tr - : ennsump:ion and duties on imports an:! to cr:er upun wnat may be believed to be a reform of its :Iscal and com mercial system. Questions of that eharacter belong to the controversies of political parties and cannot be settled by judicial decision. in these cases our provinec is to determine whether this income tax on the revenue from property does or does not bceloa! to the class of direct taxes. If it does. it is. beinr unappor tlened, in violation of the constitution, and we must so declare. Differences have often occurred in this court -differences exist now-but there has never been a time in Its history when there has been a difference of opinion as to its duty to an nounce its deliborate conclusions unaffected by considerations not pertaining to the case ii hand. Figures !sepresenting Property Vaines. According to the census. the true valuation of real and personal property in the United States in 1500 was 805.037.001,197, of which real estate with improvmeu:ts thereon made up $39,544, 4.333. Of course from the latter must be deducted In applying these sections, all un productive property and all property whose net yield does not exceed $4.000. but even with such deductions it is evident that the income from realty forms a vital part of the scheme for taxation embodied therein. If that be stricken out, and also the Income from all in vested personal property, bonds, stocks, in vestments of all kinds, It is obvious that by far the largest part of the anticipated revenue would be eliminated, and this would- leave the burden of the tax to be borne by professions, trades, employments, or vocations, and In that way what was intended as a tax en capital would remain In substance a tax on occupa tion and labor. We cannot believe that such was the Intention of congress. We do not mean to say that an act laying by apportion ment a direct tax on all reel estate and person al property, or the Income thereof, might not also lay excise taxes on business, privileges, employments and vocatIons. But this is not such an act and the scheme must be considered as a whole. Being i valid as to the recter part, and fallingy as' e tax would, If any part were held valid. In a diretion which could n-ot have been contemplst'd except in connection with the taxation consIdered as an entirety, we are constrained to conclude that sections 27 to 37, inclusive, of the act, which becamec a law without the signature of the president on Au gust 28, 1894, are wholly inoperative and void. The Decision Summed Up. Our conclusions may, therefore, be summed up as follows: 1. We adhere to the opintion already an nounced that the taxes on real estate be In distutably direct taxes, taxes on the rents or Income of real estate arc equally dIrect takes. 2. We are of opinion that tras en personal property or on the income of personal property are likewise direct taxes. 3. The tax Imposed by seetioa 27 and 37, in clusive. of the act of 1S894, so far its it falls on the Income of real cstate and of personal property, being a direct tax within the mean ing of the constitution and therefore unconsti tutional and void because not apportioned ac cording to representation, all those sctions constituting one entire scheme of taxation are necessarially Invalid. The decrees heretofore entered in this court will be vacated; the decrees below will be re versed, and the cases remanded with Instruc tions to grant the relief prayed. Separate opinions were ready by each of the dissenting justices, begin ning with ,Justice Hiarhn. Justice Jackson was the second to read his dis sent. Hie concluded at 2:30 p. in., and went immediately to his hotel feeling quite exhausted from his long stay in the court room. He left Washington yesterday afternron, presu naably for Philadelphia for further treatment by Dr. Pepper. Justice Jackson was followed by Jus tice Brown. Justice White read the last opinion in the case, stating nineteen diiferent points upon which he rested his adikr enee to the views hitherto expressed by him in opposition to the judgment of the court. In means so much more than. you imagine-serious and fatal diseases result from trifling ailments neglected. Don't play with Nature's greatest gift-health If you are feeling and generally cx hasenervous, B1W ~ have no appetite ad can't work, begin at once tak I ing themost relia ble strengthenimg E~lER mcdicine~vwhich is Brown's Iron Bit. ters. A few bot 4. comes from the B1 iey cirde-eit i________________pleasant to take. It Cures 4 Dyspepsia, Kidney naid Liver , Neuralgia, Trouble~s, Mlaaria, N~ervousl.,-h W~Gtonly e's c-c . .' a~'dc G iet on the geun -h cr be e Roes the Question of Froper. DIcyCIIQg Dress Dother You? 4 desre to help evey American womaito ride VV a bicycle. Therefore COLUMBIA BICY CLES are $1OO this year, and are lighter and better adapted to women's needs than ever. There are also light and attractive patterns for women's use in Hartford Bicycles at $80 and $60. **4444 Sc To help solve the problem of proper cycling costume, we have had prepared a set of six handsomely lithographed pa per dolls, showing designs by some of the world's most noted makers of women's gowns. The set Is beauti 31 ful and instructive. *44t Mailed to any adress, with a dainty little book . on BICYCLING FOR *OErN, for five. a-cent stamps.. Address PubIasing Department. Pope Mfg. Co., Hartford, Conn. To Farmers R 0 LORYEA and Mill Men! R We have on hand fifteen Corn Has just secured the agency for the Mills, sizes 20 and 30 inches diame- celebrated ter, made of Aesopus Stones, guaran teed to be of old quarry stock. We caunot afford to carry these Mills (gg, 6ppg8 Yfie-gadi Cgage8 over. They must be sold, and we are offering them at sacrifice prices to cash buyers. These are fresh and delicious and are Talbott and Waterton Egihc and ll sold at reasonable prices. DeLoach We have in stock Maple Cocoanut, Plantation Saw Mills. California Chips, Cocoa Caramels, I am General Agent in North and New Peanut, Cocoanut Sheaves .and It arolna fo H.in.Nth ad Coco Taffy, also, full line of other fine chine Company, manufacturers of -cnetoey Planers, Moulders, Re-Saws, IR. B. Loryea, and all other wood-working ma- The Druggist, chinery, and will sell at bottom fac tory prices. Successor to 3. G. Dinkins & Co. 2 30 rmr 3riCk N(adina ________________ on hand at Bargain Prices.W .L Do G A V. 0. BADHAM, CEN. ACT., $3S O COLUMBIA, S. C. 3FliAM(II W'H EN YOU COME sWOie~ TO TOWN CALL AT GALLOWAY'S' SHAVING SALOON Which is fitted up with an eye to the comfort of his customers. . . . . .e~pe etl HAIR-CUTTINGW.LDols$3& 4She IN ALL STYLES, mny S H AV IN G AND otcso he asyesdI. S HA MPOOING reemsalom-tm @ d Done with neatness and Po it zs~~~rte ae dispatch. Hort.,. .oss. Co A cordalL.notatio -!We o r a Fonttalngalsa ovtuers thtue aned I ins f a ac o th Geera Aseml rutonrbshofesaedequalysatsatr dealondial illvttatgetn tha0te clerkSouthe Courtl, rssblty.Yuwn h n P tpuat IoNd AConth rh WITHpTH E o IS eaurers toa aae and a allowinug persons coming of age since the last general election to register, and to at tend to any other business pertaining to myihtR nn oflicial duties. G. T. WORSHAM, hr snn ntewrdta supervisor Registration Clarendon Co. tutiadraltyowrkg P. 0. Address: Seloc, S. C. tsnesao ibeat np ens or a as many 3ietice. jipvmnsa h The taxpapers of Manning town- 1~7H 4 ship are hereby notified that a meet ing will be held in the court house in IbsAtmtcTnln obeld ik Manning, on Friday. May 24th, at 10 aehdofellctentirh o'clock a. mn., for the purpose of con-i;ewad(autdrngbehg4 sidering the establishment of ,nadjsal ~tstUi@Ulgr~Iat system of graded schools. A full WIE FR CRUA~ mfeetinug is desired.________ D. M. BRADHAM, EHlESWIIA IJCO W. H. YoUNG,K. XunI? JOSPH . RAJ. R.C.D SPROTTBW, ANIGS.V R NAEEW&HDOVIS, ATT)IIEYS.4 L~, iAuttISE oDoub8e8. A.. LEVI. theSmiuom. eBi ath ATTONEY T LAWSU TER FORT CUARLIN JsnF.Ri.W.C.D . .EBRWMANNING S. C.ABILE JOANN. ISN,.. Allorney and Counselor at Law, MANNING. S. C. JEl. McELVEEN,- 0 CIVIL ENGINEER AXD SURVEYOR,R - Uaving an experience of thirty seven years..E olr. his professional services to the peop.~S or (Ckrendon county. Sat isfaction guaran--E te.. P. O. KINGSTREE, S. C. - JR. J. FRANK GEIGER, ACE :-DA OD DENTIST, TRIGSLE LCS MANNING, S. C. 8~ Otclgos iekiesisr ni. annig-opnfoo 011c i M Hoelad azrs mc Wn n --ls ec