The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, March 20, 1895, Image 1

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LOL. . MANNING S. C., WEDNESDAY, MARCH 13, 1895. NO. 33. GOV. EVANS TALKS. WHAT HE HAS TO SAY ABOUT THE CONVENTION MUDDLE. The Agreement Signed at the Recent Con ference--How lie Would Bring the Whites Together-The Mississippi Plan Advocated. CoLr-BIA. MarchS.-The following is an-interview had with Gov. Evans on the Constitutional Convention question as published in the State yes tei-day.- The Governor prefaced what he hid to say as follows: "I suppose you expected to find me married according to the plans of the press. Well, I am not. I am sorry to say, but I think that my case is not hopeless. I saw a great many attrac tive young ladies, but they were in the great many educational colleges of Philadelphia. New York, Brooklyn and Boston, fitting themselves in the art of domestic economy to become proper helpmeets of man. We have gained a great deal of information as to the Industrial School for Women. and I am sure will be enabled to save the State thousands of dollars in the proper launching of our college at pokHill. 'Was this the only object of your visit?" I asked. "No, I went to see the Commissioner of Internal Revenue in reference to the dispensary. There is a disposition, as you know, on the part of a few politi cal henchmen to prejudice the outside world to our law, and all manner of misrepresentations are made. Ifound the officers in Washington, however, very courteous, and after explaining tie'law and its operation, had no diii culty in arriving at a satisfactory ar rangement that will save us considera ble money and annoyance. Great in terest is being manifested in our dis pensary law, and it anams friends wherever it is understo. It will be adopted by all the States in a few years, mark the prediction." "Have you read the interviews of Senator Irby and Congressman Wil son?" I asked him. - "Yes, upon my return yesterday. I was greatly surprised at Senator Irby as we left him apparently in full ac cord with Senator Tillman and myself. I can't imagine what has come over me spirit of his.lream, and I feel sat isfied that he is resting under some mispprehension of facts. A public man is compelled to lend an ear to all designing Iagos as well as the true pa triot. The function of good judgment is to sift the true from the false and act accordingly. We are confronted in South Carolina by a condition that could hate been prevented if wise coun sel had been heeded fifteen years ago. but it was not done, and we must meet it today like men and patriots and stand aside the designing politi cinn., A Constitutional convention called in 1878 would have settled our affairs for fifty years. We were then a unit; today we are divided and a Constitution must be framed for white men to live under for possibly fifty years. No constitution, to use the words of Calhoun, can live that does m spring from the hearts of the peo ple. It is then essential in order to se .sure a fundamental law, satisfactory for' an interests and all our people that politics should not enter into its formation." "How is this to be accomplished-by -factional fio'hts, etc?" was asked.. "pertainYy not; the only way is first to'get our white people into a white man's primary and .pledge them to abide the result. This has been and -will continue to be the only salvation of white supremacyuntil the new Con stitution is framed. The next thing is to secure unity of mind among dele gates as to the matters that should be incorporated in the new Constitution. This accomplished, there should be no friction whatever as to the election of delegates and no distinction should be made as to factional differences. As to the matter of confidence in the Conser vatives, we have always realized that this is the stumbling block in the way of unity. Our. people very properly distrust a certain element in the Con servative ranks who have heretofore gone to the negro and should be kept there; once nigger always migger is the only way we can preserve our in stitutions. No such men should and will not be allowedto come to the con v-ention. There. are men, however, who can and should be trusted as dele gates from the Conservatives and who "re willing and solemnly pledge them selves to what we desire to put in the Constitution. When this is done can we ask for more? They have been tied to a political corpse and they are crigwho shall deliver us from the bdyof this death and we shall not be *deaf to thefr appeals. These men must cro before the people like the rest of us and advocate the demands of the peo - >le before the primaend if the peo j>1e see fit they will elect them: if not, they will stay at home and accept the results. Al1~ this talk about Senator Tillman and myself agreeing to di vide delegations is made upon a mis understrnding of the facts.. The con ference was bound to nothing excep1 as individual Democrats, and not as Reformers or Conservatives. We dis tinctly bad it understood that nothing but our individual opinnios were ex pressed and we would as Democrats go before the people in the primary election and advocate a non-partisar convention. We do not criticise othere for having different views; it is human. But after all, the people are the judges and they will be governed by wha: they believe to be right and proper fo: their own protection. Conventions an< caucuses in Columbia of disgruntlet politicians and would-be leaders. wh< are attemping to hoodwink the peopl< under the guise of patriotism and peac< will be repudiated as presumpuous den agogues. No convention can frame policy for the various counties of thi State. What is best for Charlestor may not be best for Aiken and the onl3 warv to accomplish anything is to le eac'h counaty act for itself ahd<let thos< who really want a convention of patri otic citizenis take the stump in thei respective counties and work for thi result. Any effort to forestall the peoC pie by convention wvill be promptly re pelled you may rest assured."' "Have you any objection to lettin the people know exactly what wa done at the conference with Senato Tillman and yourself?"' - Certainly not, especially as our mc -es have been questioned. Neithe Senator Tillman nor myself, nor an: ~mers of the conference will reced noa what we believe to be best fo 4)-lr people. Here is the agreement you may publish it: Columbia, S. C., Feb. 18, 1895. " We the undersigned, citizens, c Soth rolina. desiringe a restoratio1 of peace an d harmony, and to prevent a bitter factional ight for control of the Constitutional convention witi its inevitable appeal to the negro, after a careful consideration of the condi tions and conflicting interests of all our people, bind ourselves to advocate before the White Democrats of the State the following scheme: "First. That each county, acting for itself, as to the question of election by primary or otherwise as deemed best by the county Democratic execu tive committee, siall as near as possi ble give each faction equal representa tion in the whole convention. "Second. That the managers and clerks of such primary election be equally divided between the factions and that all persons participating im the same, take a pledge to abide the re suit and supnort the nominee of the general election. Or where the nomi nation is made otherwise than by the primary, both factions in such county are pleaged in like manner to support such nominees. Third. That it is understood that the following principles or basic condi tions shall govern the election of dele gates to which both sides are pledged: "(a.) No white man to be disfran chised except for crime. '(b.) Such qualification of the suf frage as will guarantee white supre macv. (-e.) Constitution of principles and not dealing with legislation- but leav ing to the Legislature full control of the free schools and requiring the Legislature to liberally support them. "(d.) The Constitution. when ad opted, not to be submitted back to the people. "B. R. Tilhman, "Jos. V. Barnwell. "Jio. T. Sloan. Jr. 4J. C. Hemphill. "Geo. S. Iower. '"Jno. Gary Evans, "IraB. Jones, "W. C. McGowan, "C. M. Efird. "Altamont 'Moses." I will say, however. that we had not intended publishing thi> without consent of all parties to the agreement acquiescing, but I am sure there .vill be no objection as our enemies have stated that there was more behind. "What plan do you ui-opose for qualification of suffrage? "The Mississippi plan or something better, and I am opposed to any dele gate vho will not pledge himself to vote for the Mississippi plan in case no better is offered the people. We mioht as well be frank and speak out to e people, for it must come sooner or later. This plan can be so modi fied as to save every white man and at the same time preserve white supre mlacy.") "Wchat were your impresion to na tional politics!" "W'ell I-am satisfied that the next Vice President will come from the South no matter what party is suc cessful. The figbt in '96 will be be tween gold and silver, and geographi cal Lines will govern instead of party lines. The South and West will ine vitabit come together and fight for free silver or they are doomed. "Who was spoken of most promi nently to lead the combination " "Senator Tillman, and if he were not from the South and the State which led Secession, he would certain lv be selected. I am sattisfied when the revolt comes he will be the central figure. I would talk to you and openi your eves on this subject, but I must go to o~ther business." Remarkable Experience of a Steamer. NoRFOLK, Va., March 9.-A special from Newport News to the Landmark says: "After being out forty-three ays, the steamship Istrian came up to heir pier this morning at S o'clock with ,200 tons of cargo from Liverpool. Capt. Creamer gave your correspond nt the following history of his long voyae: 'We left Liver-pool at mid night on the 24th day of January and had very severe weather coming down the channel, being obliged to carry our pilot Waterford Island, as it was impossible to land him at the Liver pool pilot station on account of the heavy weather. The storm continued till the 27th, when we had it fair till February 2nd, when we again encoun tered a heavy gale from the northwest lasting nearly three weeks, becoming so severe at times that my ship was obliged to stop and we were at the mercy of the sea. We were then 600 miles from Bernmda, on February 10,. for whichi point we were making, as there were only about eighty-five tons of coal on board, and we were burn ingthirty-five tons a day. Up to the 20th, we experienced the most severe ales and storm was indiscribable. or five days we had no fire at all. If we had kept up steam during this weather and had tried to make Ber muda, we would never have gotten into port. On the night of the 22nd we were agaiin comipelled to stop, let tino our fires g'o out agamn. At mid nig~it on the 023nd th~e ship started again. The wind became in our favor. set available sail and put every man to work breaking up between decks, bulkheads, cargo, battling, spars. hatches and any available wood. On the morning of the 26th we reached Beruda with the last stick of wood burnt and could not possibly have gone ten miles further. Considering the very severe weather the Istrian en countered during the voyage, and the fact of her having to stop dur-ing the worst of it, and not being undIer coni trol, proves her to be a staunch and seaworthy vessel. notwithstandinug what has been published to the con trary. Her cargo is in good condition, and yoc can see she is none the worse for wear. Her engines are good, and the chief engineer is worthy of praise for the mann'-r in which he hiandled her." tA singular Accident. CINCINNATI. MIarch 8.-A\ most pecu liar homicide occurred in front of -James M1artin's residence in this city. Hermann Wessling, a varnisher in a furniture factory, was on his way -to work. wheni, without warning, ea pistol ball entered his chest. passed through his heart, and he fell uncon - scious before M1r. MIartini's home. The - story of the shooting. as told by MIrs. 31artin, is that she was muaking up their folding bed in the lower front roo)m, s and took the revolver from under the pillow and placed it on the mantel. .Just as she did sa she heard a pistol - shot, but did not know it was the one r she was handling. Hecr husband rushed in from the hack room to ask~ e about it and they foural it was thzeir r pistol, and also found the hole where :the bail went through the wall. The police question the accuracy of the Istory of the shiooting, though there f is nothing to show anything but acci , i de o aa te victim is concerned GREEN M UANRING. L A VERY INTERESTING ARTICLE ON 1 THE SUBJECT Which Should be Read Attentively by Every Farmer--The Result, of Experi ments at Several Agricultural St ations. We hear in all directions that the I farmers will not use fertilizer this I year. We know very well that they vill change their niinds when the planting season arrives.for it has been I demonstrated that fertilizing is abso- J lutely necessary to our soil; but I E woufd advise our farmers to plant less - land, and fertilize freely, for it pays: t plow up the surplus land and put in I about five hundred pounds marl to the I acre: sow these lands in leguminous f plants for green manuring and for t feeding. This would put the lands in I fine condition for raising a crop the i next season, without other fertilizer. The U. S. Department of Agriculture says, green manuring or plowing un der green crops raised for that purpose f is one of the oldest means of improv- 1 ing the fertility of the soil. It was ad- r vocated by Roman writers more than 0 two thousand years agoand from that r time until now it has formed a most I important resource of the farmer, es- V pecially where the supply of barnyard f manure is isuflicient. Its advantages r are many. The more striking are, I that it furnishes the surface soil with i a supply of the fertilizing materials i needed by crops, increases the humus, 1 and improves the physical qualities and the tilth of the soil. As a humus- 1 former.green manuring stands next to I barnyard manure. Bymeans of green manuring. land t which is practically barren may be f brought up to a state of fertility where it will produce prolitable crops. As a single instance of this, may be t mentioned the experiments carried on by the Michigan Experiment Station on the Jackpine Plains of that State. In 188, experiments were undertaken on the light, sandy, almost barren soils of these plains. Green manures t were used mainly, supplemented by c cheap fertilizers. In three years mark- t ed improvement was evident, not only in the physical character of the soil, but also in the increased yields of the i various crops. Again, green manuring may be used to take the place oc more expensive I fertilizers and manures on soils al- I ready under cultivation. It is in this latter use that it finds its widest appli- r cation. - There has been much speculation as 1 to the manner in which the crops t commonly used for green manurig i could gatier such large quantities of 3 fertilizing materials. Ih will be re- e membered, that the principal fertiliz- i ing ingredients required by plants are I nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. r These are each and all more or less. e essential to the healthy growth of c crops. Consequently they are applied t to the soil in the form of commercial fertilizers and other manures. In at- I tempting to explain how the fertility of the soil is maintained by green ma nuring, it has been said, that plants I with longroot -like clovers, feed deep down in the soil or subsoil on materi- e als beyond the reach of surface feed- i ing plants: and that when the tops of s these plants die down and are mixed. s with the surface soil, they enrich it A much the same as an a.pcation of r barnard manures. Thi' is undoubt-c edly true, but it fails to explain how such large quantities of materials can be obtained, especially when clover is grown continuously for a number of I ears. The question hias finally been 1 solved by one of the most interestings and important discoveries yet made in agricultural science. It has been found I tiat certain plants can feed upon the nitrogen in the atmosphere and storet it up in their tissues as they grow.I They take their phosphoric acid and potash from the soil, but they obtain their nitrogen very largely from the 1 air. Hence they draw from the air a t material necessary to the g1:owth of crops, which in the form of commer- I cial fertilizers, as nitrate of soda, am-1 monum sulphate, dried blood, etc., is paid for at the i-ate of 15 to 20 cents a 1 pound. The air we breathe is about four fifths nitrogen and one-fifth oxygen. I We use the oxygen in breathing but< discard the nitrogen. It has been re- < garded merely as a material for dilut- < ng the oxygen, which would other wise be too strong for our use. All I attempts to economically render this nitrogen of the air available for plant 1 food, by chemical means, have been < unsuccessful. Recently it has beeni discovered that the so-called leg-umi- ( nous plants-clover, peas, beans, lu- < pines, vetches, etc., can take up this nitrogen of the air and can grow with-1 out being manured with nitrogen if1 manured with phosphoric acid. and( p~otash. The manner in which this< nitrogen assimilation takes place has been carefully and patiently studied by scientists, and although the details are not fully understood, the prinmary cause has been found. It is believedl that plants are enabled to get this ni trogen through the activity of the low er forms of liffe, bacteria or microbes, which can only be seen whith the aid of a powerful microscope. These or ganisms live in the soil and ar-e to be found where leguminous plants have been grown. They produce, or cause the plants to produce, little nobules, or tubercules, on the roots. It is through these tubercules that the ~lant gets its atmfosphleiei nitrogen. The air enteis the soil by the nlumler ous pores or openings mi it, whlich are p)roduced by plowing, cultivating and working the soil, by decay of rootlets, by earthworms, etc. By just what hsiological priocess tile nitrogen as sinulationls takes place is a question still in dispute among scientists. It is suficient for practical purposes to know that nitrogen is taken up from the air by the growing plant, dir-ectly or indirecetly, anid that tnis nitrogencf assiulation takes place as a result of the life of bacteria. It is a peculiar fact that fe-w, if any, root tuber-cules ar formed wvheni leguminous plants are nmanur-ed with nlitrogeni: the planits must tirst hlunger for niitrogen! befor-e the tubercules are formeai, and the presence of tubercules indicattes that the plants are taking nitrogenl fr-om the air. Now,. curious as it may seem., there appears to be different forums of bacte ria for different kindri of plants. Hence it sometimes becomes necessary to provide crops with tile necessary b)actria be-fore they can use the nitro ee of the air. This is donie b y a pply ing-a light dressing of soil ini which the kind of phets it is wished to grow have been previously grown. This is called inoculation. It is sometinesj necessary in growing a crop. Onl a piece land or e- tirst tinme in several ears. Suppose. for instance, that >eas which had 'een sown on land nanured with phosphates and potash >ut without nitrogen failed to grow uxuriantly. If the other conditions vere favorable, the influence would >e that bacteria of the right kind vould be lacking in the soil, and a ight dressing of soil in which peas ad previously been successfully ,rown might be applied. Such treat nent as this has been repeatedly tried rith success on a large scale. These discoveries throw a new light >i green manuring and on the plants lest adapted for green manuring. 1ey recommend it more highly than ver before as a soil renovator and cheap means of maintaining the fer ilitv of a soil. They show that while >ot leguminous an;l non-leguminous >lants enrich the soil. alike in humus orming materials, in proportion to he size of the crop, they differ in res ect to the source of their nitrogenous naterials. While non-leguminous >lants derive their nitrogen supply al nost exclusivelv from the soil, legu hinous plants nnay take theirs largely rom the air. Consequently, if spurry, >uckwheat, mustard, etc., (non-legu inous plants.) are grown on the soil .id the crop plowed in, the soil is not tiaterially enriched in nitrogen; the >rocess is simply returning to the soil .11 the nitrogen which the crop took rom it. But since leguminous plants nav derive the larger portion of their itrogen from without the soil-that s, from the air-their use for green anuring actually enriches the soil n nitrogenous matter. It will thus be seen that by green anuring with leguminous crops it is >ossible to manure the soil with nitro en from the air, a free and inexhaus ible source, and thus avoid buying ertilizers containing much nitrogen. 'his greatly lessens the expense for on nuercial fertilizers, for nitrogen is he most expensive element the farm r has to buy. As stated above, it osts from 15 to 20 cents per pound, hile potash and phosphoric acid cost nlv 5 to 7 cents, or less. Although rains, grasses,corn, cotton,root crops, obacco, etc., cannot use the nitrogen f the air, green manuring enables hem to beneIit by it indirectly. Among the leguminous plants more ommonly used for green manuring n this country and in Europe, are the owpea. alfalfa. clovers, melilotus. erradella, lupines. vetch and horse can. Some of these are described be ow. The cowpea is widely used as a green aanure in the Southern States. Ac oeding to the North Carolina Exper ment btation. "the cowpea being a ender annual, should alwavs be sown n the Spring. It- will give a good -ield sown as late as July 1, but the arlier it is sown after danger of frost passed the heavier the yield. The >ea is usually sown broadciast at the ate of two baushels per acre and plow d or harrowed in. The cowpea is not ffected by heat, and is less sensitive o drought than any of the clovers." Experiment have shown that cow >cas respond readily to applications of otash and phosphates, and are able to erive their nitrogen from the air. nasmuch as cowpeas are large gather rs of nitrogen and also secure consid rable amount of potash and phospt ic acid through their extensive root vstem, which reaches down to the ibsoil, they have a high fertilizing olue. How to get the greatest bene t from the fertilizing constituents of oweas5 is one of the problems on hich the experiment stations are iorking. If the cowpeas are plowed inder in the fall and the ground left iare until Spring, a large share of the itrogen will be leached away. By owing wheat or rye after the cowpeas .re plowed under p>art of this loss may e avoided. If the vines are cut and .lowed to lie on the ground during he winter the nitrogen is rapidly lost. n an experiment at the station in Al bama it was found that vines gather in October had from 1.43 to 2.62 >er cent. of nitrogen, .while if left on he ground until January, they had nly about 0.70 per cent. i. e., they ost two-thirds of their most fertilizing ngredient. Experiments at the Louisiana Sta ion show that one acre of cowpeas -ielding 3,937.38 pounds of organic natter, turned under, gave to the soil 4.96 pounds of nitrogen,20.39 pounds >phospori acid and 110.56 pounds >potas,ofwhich at least 8.34 pounds >f nitroonen, 4.43 pounds of phosphoric eid an'd 18.1 pounds of potash were urnished by the roots. Analysis made t the Southi Carolina Station show hat cowpea hay contains 1.42 per cent. >f potashi, 0.39 per cent. of phosphoric cid and 2.71 per cent, of nitrogen. iowpea roots contained 1.19 per cent. >f potash, 0.28 per cent. of phosphoric teidl and 0.94 per cent. of nitrogen; he root and stubble two months after he crop was harvested, contained ).83 per cent. of potash, 0.26 per cent. >f phosphoric acid and 1.35 per cent. >f itrogen. Experiments from else vhere showed that the vines from a riven area weinhed six~ times as much (s the roots and were Si times as val .iable for manure. Cowpeas and melilotus have given rood results as green manure on the anebreak lands of Alabama. Before he land was sowed in mnelilotus and ~owpeas. it was not considered worth ultivatmg. The season (1890) it pro luced as line a crop as the best lands >f the station highly fertilized. Green manuring on medium rich soils has much less to recommend han on sandy soils. Although the ~reeni manuring of light sandy soils w-ithi lupines is often of very great ad antage in enriching the soil in hu mus. this advantane does not hold -ood in the case of Tetter soils. There $re other plants better adapted than lupiies to serve as fallow~ crops onl hese better soils. Serradella does well, but as a rule is not to be recommiended for a principal crop. and when sown with rye, giving a good y-ield, it is of ten chocked out as to amount to very little. But where it can be grown to udvantage as a first crop on better oils, it inust be fed to be utilized to the fullest extent as nointed out above. Peas and v-etc-h are especially adapt ed for fallow crops and can be recomi mended for green manuring. But as the are also good fodder plants, all that has been said Tbove regarding iis subject appl ies to thenm with equal force. 1. GreenI mnluring impro)ves the physical properties of the soil by mnak ing thle soil more p~orous and adding to its supply of humus. It brings up~ the doirmanit plant food from deep' down in the soil and deposits it near the surface, where it can be used by plants feed iear the surface. 2. Green manuring with buckwheat. hungarian grass anid otheir non-legu mi nous plants. adds practically noth ing to the soil which was not there matter which decays and goes to form humus. 3. Green manuring with clovers, peas, beans, lupines, etc., (leguminous crops,) actually enrich the soil in ni trogen drawn from the air. These plants can grow with very little soil nitrogen. They store up the nitrogen of the air as they. grow, and when plowed under give it up to the soil and to future crops. It is the cheapest means of manuring the soil with ni trogen. 4. But animals as well as plants re quire nitrogen for food. By feeding the crops of clover, cowpea, etc., only about one-fourth of the fertilizing ma terials of the crop is lost if the manure is properly cared for. As the nitrogen of the air is tim cheapest source of ni trogen for plants, so it is the cheapest source of protein (nitrogen) for ani mals. The leguminous crop is best utilized when it is fed out on the farm and the manure saved and applied to i the soil. The greatest profit is thus - secured and nearly the same fertility < is maintained as in green manuring. I 5. For renovating worked or barren 1 soils, and for maintaining the fertility, where the barnvard manure is not 1 properly cared for, green manuring I with such leguminous crops as cow pea,clovers and lupines is recommend- < ed. A dressing of potash and phos- 1 phates will usually be sufficient for I the green manuring crop. 6. The practiee of green manuring on medium and better classes of soils is irrational and wasteful. The farm- 1 er should mend his system so that the barnyard manure will be as well cared for as any other farm product. Loss from surface washing, leaching, fer mentation and decav should be guard ed against. Then the feeding of rich er food will mean richer manure and better and cheaper crops. 7. The system of soiling or feeding green crops in the barn in place of pasturage, enables a large number of animals to be kept on a given area of 1 land and the manure to be more com pletely saved. For this purpose legu- 1 minous crops are extremely valuable. S. Hay from leguminous crops is t about twice as rich in protein as hay i from grasses. In the one case, this protein (nitrogen) is obtained very largelv from the atmosphere: in the other, it is all drawn from the fertility of the soil. Leguminous crops yield larger crops of hay to the acre than 1 grasses. Hence the productiion of food materials on an acre, especially pro tein, is several times larger with legu minous crops. 9. If allowed to ripen, the seed of the cowpea and soja bean furnishes 1 an extremely rich concentrated feed, which can be ground and fed in place of expensive commercial feed. The straw remaining may be fed as coarse fodder, for it is richer than ordinary hay. 10. Grow more leguminous crops. They furnish the cheapest food for stock and the cheapest manure for the 1 soil. They do this because they obtain from the air a substance necessary for plants and animals alike, which costs in the form of fertilizers and feeding stuffs from 15 to 25 cents a pound. A Strange Recovery. LANDRUM, S. C., March 7.-A re markable case of restored speech and hearing was related to The Herald's correspondent the other day. Abel Willis. aged seventy-six years, who lives with his son-in-law, MIr. E. C. Fain, agent of the Southern railway at Campobello, was stricken with pa ralysis M1arch 4th, 1883, twelve years ago, in Haywood county, N. C. He became deaf and speechless, and has neither heard nor spoken a word since then, until the morning of Feb ruary 22d last. During all those years he has inot heard thunder. On Wed nesday evening, February 21st, 3Mr. Willis was sick with a severe pain in his head. - His little grandson, Arthur F. Fain, slept in the same room that night, that he might wait upon him. Thursday morning about day break Arthur was awakened by the old man callino- himand asking him to get him a drinic of water. Arthur says it was the first time he has ever heard his grandfather speak a word, and it frightened him. He ran into liis moth er's room and told her that grand-pa had surely spoken to him, asking him for a drink of water. MIrs. Fain was not dipsosed to believe her son, yet his manner was so earnest that she decid ed to go into her father's room and see him. Her father spoke to her imme diately but stated that lie could not hear. He knew he was talking from the jar of his vocal organs, but he could not hear the sound of his own voice, much less the spoken words of others. The pain in his head continued for two days. during which time he felt re peated sensations of a popping in his hcad and ears. On the night of the second day he heard, for the first time, the clock 'strike ten, since which time his hearing has been improving until on Saturday, when he declared lie could hear and talk as well as ever. Arthur told me that when his grand father first began talking, lie was as awk ward as a little child just learning to talk. Last Friday MIr. Willis's two sons. Carle and C.'P., came down from Hay woodi county, to see their father. hav ing heard of his miraculous recovery of hearing and speech. It was a joy ouis meeting indeed. The old gentle man has decided to go back to Hay wood county with his son next week. This is no nianufactured fake nor over drawn statement of facts. but tihe nar ration of a truth stronger tha~n fiction. The People's Money. \\ASHIINGTON, MIarch 6.-Congress adjourned at noon _yesterday. 130th branches have been mi continuous ses sioni since Saturday. night and (lay. All the great appropriiationi bills were in the hands of the president at day light this morniing. The grand total oft appropriations. subject to sonme few changes. is found to be 8497.994.tit4. This is divided among the bills as fol lowvs: Agricultural............ 3, 3 375 Army.................. 23.252,;8 Diplomatiec.............. 1. 575.u78 District of Columbia .......5.1.533 Fortifications............ 1.04.537 Indilan................. .76-94S Legislativ..............21. 00, (X) MIiitary Academy.........4.4,361 Pension.. .... ......... . 141.3S1.570 Postotlice.............. 9.545.997 Sundry civil...........1 i414-0 Urgent deficiency........2.357.:321 General deficiency....... - E 00.000O M1iscellaneous............. 50,0 Pem-annt.........113.073.956 A NEW PARTY. 3TATEMENT OF ITS PRINCIPLESj AND AIMS. ityled the B1metallic Party, the Leaning Is to Silver and State Bank Cu'rrency i Declared Against-McLaurn in It. WAsHINGTON. March 5.-The Ameri :an bimetallic party, through its exe mutive committee, has prepared a state nent of the issue on which the new. >arty will orgalize and with it for vard an address to the people of the Jaited States. Following is the state nent: The money question is now indis >utably the dominant issue in tile jrited States and will remain so until ;ettled and settled rightly. Other luestions, however important, must ,vait for this, which to a greater or less xtent, involves all others. The issue s between the gold standard. gold i )onds and bank currency on the one side, and the bimetallic standard, no >onds and government currency, on he other. First. On this issue, we declare )urselves to be unalterably opposed to ha single gold standard, and demand he immediate return to the Constitu ional standard of gold and silver, by he restoration by this government in lependently of any foreign power of he unrestricted coinage of both silver ud gold into standard money at the! -atio of 16 to 1. and upon terms of ex Let equality: the silver coin to be a 'ull legal tender, equally. with gold, 'or all debts and uses, public and pri ate. Second-We hold that the power to :ontrol and regulate a paper currency s inseperable from the power to coin noney: and hence that all currency ntended to circulate as money should >e issued, and its volume controlled )y the government only, and should )e legal tender. Third-We are unalterably opposed o the issue by the United States of nterest-bearingy bonds in time of peace. md demand tle payment of all coin )bligations of the United States, as )rovided by existing laws, in either old or silver coin, at the option of the overnment and not at the option of he creditor. On this issue, we appeal from the hictation of the money power to the ntelligence and patriotism of the .merican people. The address to the people cf the nited States, accompanying the state nent, is an argument upon the issue iet forth in the statement. In it ap >ears these paragraphs: "The purpose of this movement is ot to array section against section nor :lass against class; not to require any )ody to give up his convictions on oth r questions. or to sever his party rela ions for any other purpose than to inite in a common cause-the cause >f justice against injustice, and pros crity instead of adversity: of contin ed employment of labor instead of orced idleness of abundance and hap iness instead of want and misery. There can be no doubt, moreover. hat a returu to the; standard of gold ind glver will promote in the high st degree the business interests of tile ountry, while the continuance of the resent policy must necessarily be at ended by a further fall of prices. im eriiing the business enterprise still nore, and prolonging indefinitely the resent stagnant condition of trade md industry." The address is signed by the follow ng executive committee appointed by he bimetallic conference called to eet at Washington February 22, 896: A. J. Warner, president Ameri an Bimetallic League, chairman: John P. Jones of Nevada: William M. tewart of Nevada. J. L. McLaurin of South Carolina: Anson Wolcott of In liana: George G. Merrick of Colorado: Eenry Jones of Georgia: J. C. Green f California: Joseph Sheldon of Con aecticut; C. J. Hilyer of the District >f Columbia: Byron E. Shlear of Colo ado, and Mortimer Whitehead of New Tersey. This is followed by the suggestion of :he name of Jos. C. Sibley of Pennsyl rania, as the party's candidate for Presdent, and a request for corres pondence upon thlis subject to be ad ressed to Gen. A. Warner, chairman f the executive committee. American Bimetallic Party. Sun building, Washl tgton, D. C. A commlittee consisting of tile fob [owinlg named gentlemen: A. i. War er, president of American Bimetallie League. chairmain: Hon. Win. Stew rt, United States Senate: Henry Jones, of Georgia: H-on. Francis, G. Newlanls, of Nevada : Anson Wolcott. f Indiana: J. L. McLaurin. of South carolina; was appointed to select a'pro visional national committee to consist >one menmber fromn eachl State and rerritory and the District of Columbia. to take charge of thlismlovement in tile everal States and Territories. A slick Rascal. - ALCoLsn, March 6.-Lookout who you cash drafts for. There is a stranger i this nleighborhlood whlo is work-ing a widing game and lhe may catch yon if you are not on your- guard. lie has been playing his thieving tr-ick suc essfully in Thomuson, W\arrenton and* Tennille, and he may be ill Augusta low waiting anm opportunity to catch other careless per-sonls by his conitden tal rogulish schemela. Every bank in the city vesterday receivedi tile follow ing lotie: 31acoa. Ga.. M1arch 2. 1S%.-The~ banks of Georgia are hereby warned to be: on the lookout for Samuel Siterne. a J1ewish dIrummier, who h as been to Thoson. W\arrenlton1 and Teninille. eldeavoing to defrau~ttd the baniks of these towns. He hlas letters naailed to di terent banks fr-om Atla11ta. piurport ing~ to comie Irom 31. Rose &c Co.. ak mg sai ban~ks to cashl drafts for M~r. Sten to theC amounit of8S5. and enclow inlg his sign!aturle. Dont calsh driafts forany stri'angers wvithmout gocd local endorsmen~it. Notify mie by wir'e if ot catch iml. L. P. Ilu:man, Secretary G~eoria Bianker-s' Association. Now vou are adcmoniihed, so don't e so gr'een as to let thisslick oily ton ud rascal come here anld catchm you f r an?. y >85 by~ leaving you to :denitiy him or en-iorse his bogus (rafP. If you are approached b'- anyl such suspicous person detain hl~bim log enogh to senid for- an ollicr ad have il arrested. If lie is cauh it will be the saving of ma:ny dollars to thme country merchants who aire likely to be traplped by traveling sha pr. ,w semls to know how to gamI~ thme on? dence of strangers and w'ork. themf for $8.3 everyx time tiey phlry to his THEY WANT PEACE. The Abbeville Democrats Agree to Come Together. ABBEVILLE, S. C., March 8.-Last week a call was issued in our weekly papers, inviting all Democrats who are in favor of effecting a reconcilia tion of the factions to assemble here on Tuesday in mass meeting, to con sult as to the best means to promote that object, and to consider the pro priety of sending three delegates to Columbia to attend the conference suggested by the "Forty." Quite a number of Conservatives and Reform ers attended the meeting, and if its ac tion can be taken as an indication of publec sentiment, Abbeville county vill send a strong, non-partisan -dele gation to the Constitutional conven tion. The following resolutions were offered by Mr. W. A. Lanter, ex-coun t; commissioner. Resolved, That it is the sense of this meeting that in our efforts to bring about peace and harmony between the opposing factions of the Democratic Sarty, it is our duty to look after Ab ville county alone. 2. That in our efforts to bring about such harmony we will not be bound by the concessions made by Senator Tillman and Governor Evans; nor do we think it advisable to delegate to what is commonly known as "The Forty" the authority to make conces sions for us. 3. That it is the sense of this meeting that the representation from Abbeville county to the coming Constitutional convention should be based upon the numerical strength of the respective faction: or that the Reformers should have four delegates and the Conserva tives two delegates. 4. That we as white people- stand ready to work for such adjustment, to the end that white supremacy may be perpetuated. On motion of Mr. R. E. Hill, Pro bate Judge, the above resolutions were laid on the table. Mr. Hill then of fered the following preamble and res olutions. Wheress. We, Democrats of Abbe ville county. assembled in mass meet ing, in accordance with the sugges tions of the executive committee of what is known as "The Committee of Forty," hailing with joy the many ev idences coming .from all sections of the State of a growing desire for a res toration of that unity of purpose, which, up to within the last few years, characterized the Democracy of South Carolina, desire to put ourselves on record as being in full accord with this fraternal feeling. Therefore, be it Resolved, first. That it is the sense of this meeting that the continued manifestations on the part of a few irreconcilables in this State of that spirit of antagonism and discord which has seperated the white people of South Carolina in the recent past into two hostile political camps, is nuwise, un patriotic and greatly to be deprecated. 2. That it is the duty of each and every son of South Carolina who has the interest of his country at heart to lend 1is energy and influence toward healing that unhappy breach which has too long separated us as a people. 3. That while we do not desire to outline any particular course of action for the guidance of our fellow-Demo crats of the State in the manner of the selection of delegates to the Constitu tional convention which has been de termined upon, we will, however, ven ture to suggest that as that convention is to meet for the purpose of adopting a Constitution which will be the fun damental law of our State, under which we must all live, and to which, in a large measure, we must look for the protection of our civil and pliti cal lights-it should be broad, liberal, catholic in spirit and free from any thing savoring of the partisan. 4. That in order that this may be most effectually accomplished the best, wisest and most patriotic of our citi zens, without any .special regard to any particular faction of the Demo cratic party with which they may have attilliated in the past, should be select ed as deleg-ates to said convention. After a discussion participated in by Messrs. J. T. Robertson, the chairman of the meeting, R. E. Hill, J. M. Major, I. A. Kellar, D. H. Magill, W.W. Bradley, W. A. Lanier, J. C. Moore, R. R. Hemphill and Frank B. Gary, Reformers, and WV. C. McGowan, Hugh Wilson and Ellis G. Grayden, Conservatives, the resolutions of Mr. Hill were adopted by a large majority. Messrs. Gary. Hemphill, Magill, Moore and Lanier evidently did not desire r-econciliation and unity, but on the contrary it seemed that they- want ed to raise the red flag and sfampede the meeting. If this was their purpose they signally failed. So far as I can learn,. from conver sation with leading Ileformers all over the county, who are not office-holders, the sentiment of this county is in favor of sending to the convention a strong delegation of conservative men divid ed equally between the factions. The following delegates were elected to attend the conference in Columbia oin March 27: Col. J. T. Robertson and Hon. Isaac H. McCalla, Reform el-s. and lHon. J. C. Maxwell. Conser vative. These gentlemen will proba bly- all attend the conference. D~anced Like school Boys. NEW YoRK. March 6.-As the hands of the big clock of the New York stock excihange pointed to the noon hour vester dav there occured on the loor- a scene'but seldom witnessed there. Old and staid broke -s danced like school boys and gave vent to blood( curding ~yeils. Somne clasped hanlds, their- faces wreathed in smiles. Others ble w shrill w' histles with which ther had evidently come provided. The younger br-okers threw their hats high in Ilhe air, or in some cases, other fellows huts. " The fifty-third con gress IS dlead." was the cry. It told the storv. Tile brokers were celebrat iniga g'reat and joyous event, each in his own way. As it died away the celebration ended. although it was ftully flive minutes before regular busi ness. which had been suspended dur ing the demonstration. was in swing as before. Coming Rlack Home. ATL xNT 'i.March S.-A special to the Co:situtlin from San Antonio. Tex. say that tw~enlty-fie nlegroepase tih'o' -h there . walking~ back to thieir 4 ~I hdme i n G;eorg~ia and Alabama. uTe'i'grues wVere mem'ibes of a large par-t of(i lmigr'an1ts who left Georgia wl'.\bam a few weeks ago for Mex~ COic . Tucy were under tile leader 1ip o)' 1 Te; Lg *Williams. a well' kn:own emigrtllin agent. The negroes sa ht 'AH tile others will leave as so'onl as they can. They became aarmned at tile peonage system of Mexico and fear-edf that they would be Ienlaved if they remained. COTTON IN THE SOUTH. FACTS AND SUGGESTIONS CONCERN ING THE SITUATION. What the Depression Is Due to, How to Remedy it and When to Proceed-The Question Discussed by One in Position. - WASHIXGTON, March 8.-The fol lowing is a copy of a letter xritten to cotton growers by Alfred B. Shepper son, editor of the Cotton Facts, and secretary of the sub-committee on cot ton of the senate committee on agri culture: Washington, D. C., March 2,1895. To the Cotton Growers of the South. I have no pecuniary interest what ever in the cotton market and it is well known to prominent merchants all over the country that I never have had any. As a close observer of all matters pertaining to cotton, I have thought it would not be deemed out of place to present to the cotton growers of the country some facts and sugges tions concerning the cotton situation. The price of middling cotton in New York is now 5 9-16 cents per pound against 7z cents on March 1st, 1894, while corn is now 45 cents per bushel in Chicago against 35 cents a year ago. The decline in cotton is over twenty-five per cent. while the advance in corn is thirty per cent. The New York quotations for cot ton and the Chicago quotations for corn, however, do not really present the economic aspect of the matter in its strongest light, as the cotton ow- - er does not receive the New :ork price for his cotton, but actually gets very much less, as freight to New York and all handling and selling charges and the cotton buyers profit have to be deducted so that the plant er, at present prices, only obtains about four cents per pound for mid dling cotton, and the crop will not average so high in quality as that grade. Neither does he get at the Chicago price the corn he has to buy,as freight and charges and usually a large profit are adde to the Chicago price, so that today the Southern farmer who buys corn instead of raising it, has to pay 65 or 70 cents per bustel for it. Corn is the most important cereal for the Soutk as its abundance and cheapness insure ample food for the farmers and their animals, while an insufficient supply and high price in volve the opposite results. The South ern cotton owers obtain a large pro portion of their grain and meat from other sections of the country. Con fronted now with a large shrinkage in the value of cotton coincident with a great appreciation in the value of corn, the situation seems to impera, tively demand of the cotton growers a reduction this spring of the acreage devoted to cotton and an increase giv en to food and forage crops. The present depression in cotton is due in great part to the very large stocks in European and American markets and the fear that the acreage in cotton will not be reduced this year. Notwithstanding the fact that - the spinners have bought much more cotton than last season, the stocks in European and American markets are four hundred thousand bales more than at this time last year. The price of cotton is at the lowest point since 1848, and a large crop this year would undoubtedly send it still lower. Evet y planter knows that p resent prices of cotton are much be low the average cost of production. In view of facts stated, I earnestly recommend as manifestly for the best interests of the cotton growers of the country, a very material curtailment of cotton acrae this spring and an increase in all food and forage crops and that greater attention be given to the raising of live stock and farm ani mals. Food crops of every description. should be raised on all Southern farms and cotton should be made a surplus or money crop. It is probable that a moderate crop this year will sell for actually more money than a large crop. Veyrespectfully, A Bank Robber Kinled. DES MoINF:sla., March 9.-The Adel State Bank at Adel, twenty miles west of here, was robbed at 9:10 Wednesday morning by two men who badly wounded Cashier S. Mi. Leach, serious ly wounded a customer named Baily, who was standing at the window when they entered. The cashier had just unlocked the safe and vault, and both Leach and Baily had their backs to the door when the robbers entered and opened fire. The desperadoes then en tered the vault 'id carried away the entire contents, supposed to be $15, 000, jumped into a boy at the door and drove west toward edfield. The entire country is aroused and in pur suit. The robbers were captured at O'Neal's Ford, on Raccoon river, five miles south of Adel. Being hotly pur sued, they left their bugo'y and one hid in a brushheap, the other took re fuge in John Killon's barn. The for mer was c uickly captured, and com pelled to set fire to the barn on which the crowd poured kerosene oil. The robber remained inside until his cloth ing, hair, and whiskers were blazino., then rushed out, shotgun in hanal. The mob yelled "throw up your hands." He refused, and a volley of a dozen guns riddled his body. And envelope in his pocket was addr'essed Landers Wilkers, Patterson, Madison county, Ia., which the other robber savs is his true name. Befor'e th~e mob was aware of it, the sheriff had the sec ond robber in his buggy and hurried him to jail. where he is locked up. The excitement is intense and the pri soner will probably be lynched before night. Both robbers wce'e plainly dressed, and are evidently amateurs. The second robber says his name is C. W. Crawford. Hec is nineteen y-ears old. He savs 'Wilkins forced hun to join in the ~robber'y by threatening to kill him on the spot unless he <aid. None of the citizens shot in Adel will die. serious Charges. SPRINGFIELD, Ill., March S.-Senator Johnson of Cook county created a sen sation Tuesday morning by offeriug a resolution charging the municipal and county authorities of Cook county with boodleism and calling for the appoint ment of a joint committee of the Senate and House to investigate. The resolu tion charges gross irregularities in the police department of Chicago, and. al leges that valuable franchises have been bartered and sold by the city council in disregard of all r~ights, that places on the a'rand jury have been be stowed to pay~political debts, and that the town assessors have persistently shifted the burden of taxation on the poor, while' the wealthy have purchased Iaopprtunities to dodge taxation.