Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. X. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 6% 1895. NO. 28. TOBACCO CULTURE. rTREATISE ON RASINGTHE WEED BY MR. F. M. ROGERR, JR. Reproduced In The State For the Public's 'Benefit-How to Plant. Raise, Cure and Sell Tobacco in This State. . COLrIBIA, S. C.; Feb. 1. -In view of the growing interest in tobacco cul ture in Sbuth Carolina, The State for the benefit of its readers and the pub lic generi4lv. printed yesterday, with the permission-of Mr. Rogers. o -Flor ence, S. C., his valuable treatise-n the culture of the weed in this section. - PREPARING PLANr BEI. *.Se lect a spot with southern or eas tminexposure, neither very shady nor tod:~siff End-cold. Locale nearza stream 6f Water-'nd it this cannot be coniven iently ddiie..dig a well near by so that an ample supply of water can be had when the time arrives to force the CgIvth of the young plants. The place tenchosen, if origmal growth, pro -eed to cut off even with the roiid .allushes and:weeds. After removing -all heavv rubbish- take ' weeding hoes 'as"id clean away trash, taking care to scrape off mould well without disturb ing the upper surface too much. Lay poles the size of a mai?:s arm three feet apatt across the'entir surface: The poles are used to keep the burning ma terialog the oroud and give it good ventilation. Place the wood (w-ich should be cut about eight feet) across. the poles, the entire length of the bed, about three feet wide and - tv o high. Then set fire to this the whole way, getting it to- burn uniformlNas soon as ble.-When the ground is burned ciently- hic11 generally requires an hour or -:hbuiand a quarter), with hoes fastededon lono- poles pull the burning mss hbout t&ee feet,:but be sure not te-m6dy beyond land already burned,put-oeizore wood to start the fire to bui-ningafresh. Keep the tire uniform the' ntire length, so-that the ground wM~nmtabe burned too little in some placs aid too much ..in others. At the eiid of an hour, more or less, as necessary, , move as before, again placing on freshwood, and so continue ti the 'etire.-surfce is burned over. Rake off the coals andashes, and with grbbing hoes dig it up, first across. -Xmfe Vay and thenthe other being care tU a tto turn up the under ~ soil too nia'h. Rake and pull up with .the hazids all idots. etc. Dig it up once uore!-. this time removing all . coarse inattr. Spread on-a liberlsupply of owihouse nianure; very fine stable free from grassseed, or dead otton' seed-the latter at the rate of 150 bushels per acre. Chop this in ,Vellaid akesurfaceprfectl smooth and fine by'repted rakings. Dig trenches across the bed 5 or 6 feet apart and 4 inches deep to take onallsdrface water. The ground. is now ready to-re ceive the seed. For every -hundred square yards of plant lands, take one tablespoon full of seed and mix thor 'Oughlv with 4 quarts dry ashes or fer filizer. Divide this quantity in equal A acing aside one'portion. Mark the d. off with a-hoe handle in beds :ibout three feet wide, then take one ,uiz't of seed ind sow over the entire nark the opposite way and sow as bsfor'e-with balance of seed. The idea wsowing in Opposite directions is to Zo& . regtlarity. Mairesurface firm y.treadino- with te ~feet'orby use of .htyroller. This completes all work f> the plant bed for the present. The seed in this latitude commence tocome up the first of March. Upon their first ap race it is better to cover -them with4 light cloth that is made special -ly~frthe and can be proaured rotm1[sss 'ilam M.Bird &Co., Cfdrleston. I wish to impress on tobacco farmers the-necessity'of sowingseed early, not Mter :than the last of January-the -sponerput in the better. There is no tiihebetter than December.- Plants are tougher and live better. For our average lands the varieties 'of tobacco known 'as Hester and Long - Leaf Gooch have proven best suited to this .section.. For.evaery acre sow 50 sregards of pla'ntlind. COVERING PLANT BEll. Bord1er the bed~ with-i x 12 p lank, set abotit 2 iniches in the ground, or if - lymber is not convenient, straight logs .10 incnes through placed around the edlgeflill answer every purpose. Drive .jegs firily into the ground in thd wa ter furrows every 8 feet. Let the ,g - show.-.10 inches above ground, N ail 'dreised slats 1 x 1+ across the top of these pegs joining them closely togeth er at every, other peg, and fasten firm ly to the plank or logs on the outside. Afterpianit -bed cloth has been sewed together of proper size, spread over and arodud the edge, fold lathes a bout 4 -feet long into the cloth and nail to bor der. This cover is very necessary in 'drder~ to have pfants in time. . It forces their growths and keeps them safe from cold and frost. 'Be on the lookout for _insects. They sometimes attack the young ;plants and completely destroy them if care is not taken to prvent their ravages. A mixture of 21 bushels sand, i bushel plaster and j pound Paiis Green will' effectually destroy 'them. It znust be thoroughly mixed -stirred at least one hour. Apply -erly~in the morning while the dew is on the plants, and dust, sufliciently to show plainly. Remove the cloth about 7 or 8 days 'befor setting, in order to toughen the young plants. Cover can easily be replaced at night, when there is dangei- of frosts . Endeavor to have a plentiful ind ehirly supply of plants. as on this largely depends a successful crop of tobacco. SELECTION CF TOnACCO LANDS. For the successful growth of tobacco, dif~nt characters of soil should be selected,-according to the climate and seetion. Experience has proven that through'out the pine belt of this State. (th'e Southern half of the State) select lands-that would be considered a little stiff, wvith gray top soil, fine and flow ery, pourous yellow clay subsoil, with good red clay beneath. ~This character of 'soil will succeed best in average years, with perhaps less manure than lighter lands. There are some, how ever, who plant sandy lands and by heavy manuring gather fine crops. For the northern half ofrthe- State, where all the land is inclined to be stiff and close, I would advise selecting ridges, well drained naturally, an2 where the original growth was chin quepin and hickory. Tobacco can be grown successfully after almost any crop. but like all other crops, most satisfactory results are ob taihed or rested lands, and 1 would. therefore, advise all farmers who ex pectto make tobacco culture a business, to select two sections of 'land rotate every year. . . Where land that has beerr planted in some other crop is to be set in tobacco, it is very assential that woods mould be nuedin abundance. It causes the plant to yellow well on the hill and gives the leaf when cured a smooth. silky texture. Do not usecoarse.rough stutt. Compost with 20 bushels cotton seed or 2,00 pounds acid phosphate for every acre, or both: with good oak leaf mould with a little straw does not mat ter. Have the top of the ground raked up. Rouli manure under the tobacco plant causes it to button low, and is apt to grow coarse when topped. Make a calculation for fifteen two-horse loads for every acre. Haul, say thirty-five loads of mould to each compost pile. Make heaps as early as possible. PREPARATION OF LAND. The following should be done with turning plows, covering all the vege tation as much as possible. The first breaking should be done in December or early in January. The winter freezes will be very beneficial, and it will be found to pulverize nicely when plowed again in the spring. Any method of preparing tobacco land for planting will suffice, provided it is thoroughly done. If rested, it should be broken in early winter, in order that all the veaetable matter be well decomposed. U)n land of ordi nary fertility, lay off the rows 3- feet I inches apart, and before the middle of March throw it up in beds of four furrows with a turn plow. Reverse once more'before planting. MANURES. For land of average fertility use five or six loads of stable manure, 25 bush els of cotton seed, 600 pounds of acid, 350 pounds of cotton seed meal, and 50 pounds sulphate of potash or same pro portion of any standard tobacco fertil izer to every acre. Land that has been planted ir. to bacco or any other crop for a year or more successively. should be prepared as stated, and the same manures used, except that plenty of well rotted woods surface should be used to supply hu mus in the soil. TRANSPLANTING. If the land is to be planted by hand. make "pats" by striking the center of the bed tirmly with the back of a hoe 2 feet 10 inches apart. If the land is poor, it might be well to give more distance: if ingood state of cultivation the distance given is about correct. In every instance, the richer the land or higher the manuring, the closer the planting should be. to avoid coarse ness. Planting should commence on the firstseason, about April 10. Let a girl or boy go ahead of the planter Eropping two rows at a time.one plant on each hill. The setter follows and straddliner the row with a peg or nar row paddle about eight inches long, makes the hole, inserts the plant and should press the dirt firmly, not hard,. to the roots. It is not, however, always advisable to wait for rain: when the plants are large enough. they should be set and watered artificially. When this is ne cessary, the following plans have been fouid most economical: Carry water to'the field in barrels, placing them convenient distancesapart:send a hand ahead: and punch holes in every hill with a pole about eight feet long and sharpened at one end: follow with buckets of water and dippers, and put one pint of water in each hill. Where a transplanter is used for set ting plants the preparation is the same, except that the beds are made firm by passino a heavy roller over them.This transpYanter is a remarkable machine and of great value to the tobacco plan ter. It is arranged to water out and set the young plants in time of drought. Make an effort to have plants large enough to begin setting by Sth. or 10th of April. If the spring is dry, water plant beds regularly every evening to force the growth, use one quart ammoniated fertilizer to every 100 square yards every evening for a week, then stop with fertilizer for a week, but contir.ue watering if weather remains dry. The tobacco plant should not be less than six meches high when set. Endeavor to be through plantino by May 5. Early tobacco mnvariably succeeds best. CULTIvATION. The cultivation of tobacco is similar to that of corn, except that the dirt should always be worked towards the plant-never from it. Keep it clear of weeds and grass and work the grund when needed. Plow with a -l t sweep the first time. When the crop reaches the height of twelve or fourteen inches I have found the turn plow to do very effective work, and especially if the season is likely to be wet. Usually three hoeings and four powings will suffice. In each succes sive working with the sweep, turn the wings higher each time, so as to have a good bed when your tobacco is laid by. Commence to cultivate soon as plants have taken root well. woRMING. The horn and bud worm usually makes its first appearance on the full moon in May. Great care should be taken to pick them off twice every week. Have the work thoroughly done, or great damage will be done to the leaf. TOPPING. This is the most important stage of the work. Every plant shouild be top ped according to the strength and vi tality of its growth. Some plants will bear sixteen leaves, perhaps the next not more than eight. Leave just what will mature proper-ly. Make . a calculation for the top leaves to attain at least eighteen inches in length when matured. Good judgment is what is needed here. SrCKERING. Suckers will make their appearance a few days after the plant is topped. These should be taken off once every week at least-oftener, if they grow rapidly. GATHERING AND) CURINGi TOBACCO. Take the leaves from the stalk as they ripen, and place thenm carefully ina light baskets. Carry them to the barn and string the leaves, according to the methods you have adopted. I will here state that the Snowv stick is without question the best contrivance on which to hang the leaves for cur ing. within my knowledge: while many ways have been resorted to. none have ever been so satisfactoryv in result. Place fromi threce to five leaves on each point. morne or less, according to the size of the tobacco, but niever crowd it. Each leaf must be properly spaced. To make a successful cure you must have good ventilation. When the barnl has been filled, start the heat at about 05 or 100 degrees. Watch the leaf closelv, follow it with all the heat it will bear without tueking the tails of the leaf, till the tobceo becomes a uniform greenish yellon,. not solid vellow, for in the latter case it would be impjossible to cure clear in color. Now comes the critical period. advrance the heat from two to three and a half degrees an hour, accordine to the ap the heat too slow causes the leaf to as sume a dingy, brown appearance. To advance the heat too fast causes it to redden or splotch. No directions, no matter how minute, will suit everyI barn, because no two are exactly alike, or will respond to heat in the same manner. It is only by experi ence that we learn to cure successful ly. Advance the heat as directed till 120 deorees are reached, where re main tIree hours; proceed as before to 130, where remain till the leaf in the two lower tiers are killed, then raise the heat two and a half degrees an hour to 135 and remain till leaf in upper tiers is cured. Then advance five degrees every hour to 145 or 150. where remain until the sap is all out of the stems and they snap like glass. Remember to kill the stem at lowest temperature possible, never go beyond 150, and as much below this as possi ble. To go beyond the temperature indicated, you detract from weight, damage the general quality of theleaf in its texture, and drive out the oil it should contain. We hear of the flavor that high heat gives. My observation in this particular has been loss of weight from 15 to 20 per cent. damage to the quality of the leaf and many barns destroyed by fire. Always ex amine the barn carefully on the wind ward side and see that stems are all dry before stopping the fire. CONSTRUCTION OF CURING BARNS. There are two kinds of barns used for curing tobacco. one constructed of poles and the other an ordinary fram ed building. The log barn is notched up in the usual manner of log cabins, close built, fifteen feet high from the ground to the plate and can be made either 16x1G or 18x20.with single roof. The cracks between the logs are filled in with lime, mortar or clay, and made as near air tight as possible. Door in one end should b- left four feet wide. Shed over the door end, under which to string the tobacco leaves and keep it out of the sun. Also a narrow shed on furnace end to protect the fire in rainy weather. This completes the outside work. The tier poles on inside on which the sticks of tobacco are placed should be made of sawed scant ling 3x4. The brackets into which the poles are fastened are 2x6. Stoff nail ed uprightly, firmly against the sides of the building, four feet apart in the clear and into which notches cut 4x4 inches. The tier poles let into these. The notches are cut eighteen inches apart. The bottom row of tier poles should be seven and a half feet from the ground. As will be seen from this, barns eighteen feet high would be five tiers higi in the body, with room left for two short ones in the roof. The frame building referred to is. of course, a neater and better building, but more expensive. It is weather boarded outside, ceiled inside and walls filled in with saw dust, with sheds back and front as before des cribed and built eighteen feet high. The inside fixtures are just the same. The furnace in which the fire is built that generates the heat for'drying the leaf, in the small barns are placed in the centre of one end. In the large barns, two furnaces are better and are built twent-two inches from the sides, extending eight or nine feet in side. Flues are placed in these furna ces twelve inches in diamter, which conducts the heat through the build ing. and which is increased or less ened according to the fire in them. PACKING. After leaf is cured out, allow it to hang in the barn, with door open a day and nioht. It will become pliant and can be'landled without breaking. Take the leaves from the sticks and carry in baskets to pack house. .Pack in bulks, turning the end of 'stems out and lapping tails together..: Two or three thousand pounds can be safely put in these bulks, and if put down in safe order will keep well and improve in appearance. ASSORTING. The number of grades vary accord ing to the quality of the tobacco. In average tobacco there will be one grade lungs two of cutters and three of wrapper. If tobacco is heavy, lugs will run light, and perhaps one grade of cutters will have to be made. ,The leaf is assorted according to its -color, body, size and texture. The lugs and cutters are tied in bundles of eight and ten leaves each. Wrappers five or six. Never handle your tobacco if in dry order, and always offer it for sale in pliant, suple condition, if you exnect it to bring its value-at the saine time, never allow it to get too soft as it will mould and rot in a short time. Flo: "ze, S. C., Jan. 24, 1895. P. S.-in regard to burning plant beds, I have found, since writing this book, that by using cora stalks for the purpose great labor and expense can be saved. The best plan is to pile them over the plant bedabout three or four feet deep and set on fire, and. if they are dry, the work will be quick lv andl thorouighly done. Do not put on stalks till just'before ready to burn. in event of getting wet through would not do well. Later experiment has also shown that in preperation of berl. a inew ground plow, or if that is not obtain able, an ordinary turn plow with the wing taken off, will do much more thorough work than with grub hoes. by going over the ground three or four times. Then pulverize throughly with any good smioothiing harrow and lastly with a hand rake. This mode ef preparation is much better and far less expensive than the old fashioned way now in practice in North Caro lina and V irginia. F. M. Ro(4ER .I, r. Honors to the Governor. BEAUFORT, Jan. 2.-Governor Ev ans and party were right royally en tertained yesterday at a dinner given in his honor at the naval station by Commandant Rockwell and staff. A salute was fired and appropriate cere monies performed. ln the evening the party were entertaincd on board one of the large steamships nowv lying at the docks at Port Royal .-ewsiani Courier. THlE Charleston Sun says there seems to have been very little blood shed in the desperate duel recently fought in Edgefield by Messrs. Bar nard B. Evans and James H. Tillmian. but reams of paper and rivers of ink are being exhausted to give the pub lic an idea how the battle wa~s fought and why the combatants didn't kill each other."~ Twelve Lives Lost. LONDON, Jan. 25.-The British stea mer Escurial, from Cardiff for Fiume, has been wrecked off Port Reath. The ship went to pieces and only seven out THE FORTUNATA FUSS. THE ITALIAN CONSUL AT NEW YORK TAKES IT UP. He Writes a Pretty Sharp Letter to Gov ernor Evans and the Latter Replies at Length--The Correspondence. COLUMBIA. S. C.. Jan. 31.-The un fortunate "Fortunata. the Italian bark which was searched by the con stables in Charleston harbor, concern ing which proceeding considerable has already been said in The State and ev ery other newspaper. is still a 'casus belli," insofar as wars of words are concerned. The incidentis growing a little more interesting just -now, and it may get more interesting still before it is all over. The Italian Consul General sta tioned at the port of New York has now taken up the matter, and below will be found some interesting corres pondence between himself and South Carolina's new Governor. THE CONSUL'S C'MPLAIT. The following is a copy of the letter which Governor Evans has received from the Consul General: New York, Jan. 26, 1:95. To His Excellency. the Governor of South Carolina. Columbia. S. C.: Sir: I have bean informed by Mr. Castellano. the Italiani consular agent. that in two separate instances the po lice of Charleston has. even.in spite of his protests. entered the Italian ship "Fortunata" nowv lying at that port. As a ieason for sach proceeding it was given out that the captain was sus Pected of either having actually sold or of wanting to sell the wine which he kept on board. as lie had a right to do, to the peopleof the place. If sui has been the case. although proeed ings of that kind areany thing but con sistent with the rights which the trea ties and international laws secure to foreign shipping in a friendly harbor. I would not appeal to your excellency. I am willing not to claim treaty rights when that might be considered as a protection to people who break the laws of a country where they are ad mitted to trade. But that the accusation brought aainst Capt. Espito was absolutely roundless it had been proved by the examinations which the customs had made of the -ery limited quantity of wine which lie kept on board, by the sealing of the casks, etc. The second visit then of the police had no possi ble ground of justification, and seems to have had no other object but that of making sure that the captain and crew of the vessel were observing themselves prohibition laws to which they are certainly not -bound to sub mit. -Even with a good reason. such visit nhiist be objected to, as it was made without asking the consent of the consular authority, in the absence of the captain, and in spite of the pro test of the officer who was in charge of the vessel. I have the honor to request that your excellency will investigate the case and inform ie by whose order these steps were taken and on what ground. If things are as I have been informed, your excellency .will'no doubt issue in structions that such proceedings of the police be not repeated ag-ai. I have the honor to be. sir. Your obedient servant, G. BRaI1Ta, Consul General of Italy. GOVERNOR EVANS' REPLY. . The following is the reply of Gover nor Evans to this rather sharp letter from the Italian Consul General: Executive Chamber. Columbia, S. C., Jan. 29. 1895. G. Branita, Senor. Consul General of Italy, New York City: Sir: I have the honor to acknowl edge the receipt of your letter, of the 25th inst., in which you ask for infor mation in reference to the search by the constables, or "police,' as .you call them, of the Italian ship "Fortunata," lying at..the port of Charleston in this State. Youi have been misinformed as to the. number of searches made by the constables as only one instead of two, was made. These proceedings were had under my orders and under a warrant of a judicial officer of this State upon information therein stated, to the effect that the captain or other officer of said ship were engaged in selling wines or liquors kept on board to citizens of this State. which, of course, as you are doubtless informed. is entirely contrary to our laws and cannot be allowed. The constables before making search, by way of coutr tesy only, .asked for the approval of your consul at the port of Charleston and the same was ref used. The cnn stables did not go on b)oard, but wired me for further instructions. They were instructed to proceed at once to search ,the vessel. regardless of .the consul, who, as I understand the lawv. had exceeded his authority in attempt ing to prevent a search of tihe vessel. The const-ibles boarded. the vessel. searched it thoroughly anad finuding n6thing contrabaud, made no fur-ther: attempt at seizure or ai5rest of any of the re(w. The Assistant Attornw-ey eera of the State was ordered to Cha.rleston to thoroughly investigate the matter, an d his report has been lhaced before uii. I am satisfk-d in my own mind tbat the re w of theC "Fortutnata"' have been dealing in illicit -liquor i-aOlie. Lut the evidence to suppor~t this comies f-om personis of such c-haracter as~ iould not warrant me in asking for a conition b'efore a jury of our co-Ot trvmen. ou state in your letter the captain was suspected either of having~ actual lv sold or wanting to .-11 the uine ( 'hich h~e kept on board oud in ar enthesis. you state "as lie had~ th;; - rit to do to the people of thle plae-. . :ain sure you will nlot hold to suc a con elusion after r-eading onur statue upon the subject. wyhich I. herewith ei(nelose~ for your perusal and information. I iecognize the fact. as y ou state. that the crew of tihe "Fortnata" were not bond to observe themnselveslprohi tion laws on board the vemssel,. btt when it comes'2 to imaking~ of th-ir v-es sel a floating batrroo. where wines an liquors arc dispensed to the citiz ens of this State, or even where citi zens resort to drink under such ciru-n stances I shall not oniv arrest the ere w but would seize and codet theC vessel ais well. You further say in courletter "e'.en with a good reason. such a v-isit must be objected to. as it was miade withnout asking the conisent of the consular aui tiorit." etc., I canmnot conc-ur iin this opnin. I am satisfied that you will agree withme that such consenit is en tirely unnessairy under the circumn stances heretofore related. I have in structed the constables to search any and all vessels. susp~ected, upon reli known as the dispensary law of this State. Trusting that this will meet with your approval and satisfaction. I have the honor to remain, Your obedient servant, John Gary Evans, Governor. WHAT NEXT? It is not thought likely that the c respondence will end with the lette.s quoted above. It may go further and become more interesting yet. A Charlestonian, well up in ship ping matters, says the business of the port will be seriously injured. He says already the news of this search has gone forward and no shipmaster from Italy or France, cr any other wine-growing country, will bring their vessels into a port wiere such things are done. He says the men of the crews of these vessels of en save their daily allowances of wine and sell it on entering ports. To return to the "Fortunata. no liquor Laving been found aboard her, except that tearing the government stamps. she is now to be molested no morm and she is at this time making ready- to leave Charleston harbor. THE FEMALE COLLEGE. The ERecent Fire May Have Been a Dles. ing in Disguise. The following address t.6 the Metho dist people of ' the State, prepared at a 1 reeent meeting of the board of trustees of the Columbia: Female College was issued yesterday. The address has been issued in consequence of the re cent fire at the college. It might be atlded that the trustees are now pre pa-ing to repair the damage as rapidly as possible: . Columbia, S. C., Jan, 20, 1895. To the Owners and Patrons of the Columbia Female College: Acting for the executive committee of the Columbia Female College. I beg leave to set. forth the following facts: January 1S, our college building sustained considerable damage by fire. and by injuries-incident thereto. but this fiery ordeal has not been without its blessings and benefits. The fire occurred. in the daytime, and under good management there was no danger of loss of life, and but little danger of loss of the personal prolierty of our wards. - The president of the college and his worthy faculty proved themselves equal to the emergency. Under their wise, vigorou and courageous con duct of affairs, aangers and loses were -reduced to the minimum. Their ad ministrative ability manifested on this occasion gives an. increased sense of security for the future discharge of their duties and responsibilities. They have proved to all concerned that our interests are safe in -their hands. The young ladies acted commend ably. 'We are sure that'they deserved the encomiums pronounced upon them by those who witnessed their splendid behavior.. - The citizens of Columbia have vindi cated their claims to have the collcge in their midst. As soon as it was known that the fire alarm meant the burning of the Columbia Female Col lege their interest concentraed there. They came to rescure in large numbers not to stand idly by in mute sorrow. but to extend whatever aid might be needed there and to open their homes to the inmates of the college. In an almost incredibly short time every young lady was safely and pleasantly domiciled'in one of the best homes that the city could afford. They were urged to stay until the emergencies were all fully passed without limit as to ~'time. Well done for Columbia. They deserve and we hereby tender them our most hearty thanks for their great kindness and generosity. *The fire department did some of their best work in their line; it was through their efficiency that the fire did not make greater headway. Columbia might well be proud of its fire depart ment.-. - Arrangeme nts at the college were so promptly prefected that the girls were back in the-building and to work with the loss of but one-class day. The building must be and will be repaired immediately. The South Carolina-Conference areed that we should have $~2.000 this year for re pairs and for necessary enlargements. Our daughters, the girls of South Caralina. haye been exceedingly mod ist in asking for help in behalf of their education. You will pardon us for reminding you that they have asked for but little and have received less, which means that they had to assume a debt con tracte'd bya former generation for brick an'd mortar and building site, and the.had to pay all current expenses. repa~irs, insurance and incident d ex penses, but the time has come whuen somnething mustbe done for our girls. T ard j~ ustice should linger no longer ad .peferred claims should cease. T'he .Coh ni la Feraale College is e e ing out her charred and blistered * (ds pleading~ for hep Oh, we are \'tllg to bur it !te lire that con~sum Io'Cther's anid sisters unto helpful symn put hv withl us. ITh'e call for help forthe education of 4lur gils. as well as for our boys. cani w., longer be put aside as a fad. Other Chi'stiani communities nave regrarde d the cal w1"ith favor, and1( within the las fe yerscolleges for women have been hanmdsomeily equipped and amply endow"ed:I )iur coninnlon wearlthi. for civil anid lo'gical reasons. hmas reded the carll. wic sta1.tleent has bern verified by the etnsive p~.rertionsl now' going on a Rock Hill. S. C'.. in this behalf. Shall Christian people. professing pri'nciples which demanid ~tihe highest elevati on of hulmanity, any longer deny1 us aL hearingo- Do not wait for the commg~ of the- college agent. ' H cnniot be" ubiitis: mi the mean time our neceds are calling loudly for immediate help. We beg every prealch erof our church to urge this claim *no-n his congregation now. We as~k aur indiviual to help. if buat a little. W' ask~ cev chiarge to send up~ its 85. - to.- 10 l then all will be well. a essn ini disgue. Thea the pillar p ila ofhre un'to us in the long night F~orwvard alli contibutions to 11ev. MI. Dargan. Iidlicial agent. Colum~ibia S. C'. A. ,J. SToKES. Presidenit. LoNDON. Jian. 25.-The fishing~ boat Tweed, owned at Dunbar anid manned by a crew from that place. wvent dlown puring the recent storm and her crew of sevn were dreowned. A TERRIBLE DISASTER. THE WRECK OF THE ELBE IN THE ENGLISH CHANNEL. Only Twenty-one Survivors Out of Three Hundred and Eighty Persons on Board the Steamship--Collided with an Un known Steamer. 1 Lo-NoN. Feb. 2.-The North Ger man Lloyd steamship Elbe, bound from Bremen for New York. was sunk in a collision with a small steamer fif Lv miles off Lowestoft early Wednes day morning. She carried 3S0 sc uls. Only twenty-one survivors have been landed. but a few others may be a:loat in one of the ship's small boats. At 10 o'clock that evening the number of lives lost was given out as 350. The survivors of the wreck were landed at Lowestoft by the fis-hing smack Wild Flower at 5:40 o'clock Wed nes day evening. They are: Stollberg, third officer: Neussel. first eng'ir.eer: Weser, paymaster: Schultheiss, Linkmeyer and Sitting. assistant pay masters; Furst. chief stoker; Viobe, teward: Wenning. Singer and Sei bert, sailors: Dreson and 'Batko. ordi rar seamen: Deharde. German pilot; -reenham. English pilot: Hoffrman, Lucen. chlegel, and Vevera. of Cleeland. Ohio, saloon passengers: Bolthen, a steerage passenger, and Miss Anna Buecker. Hoffman's home is in Nebraska. His wi:e and bov went down witb the ship. All of them were in a pitable condition. The passengers were but half clothed. Tieir few garments were frozen stilf: theirhair was coated with ice and anxiety and effort had exhausted them so completely that ther had to be helped ashore. The of iceers and sailors were fully dressed, but their clothes had been drenched and frozen and they had been almost paralyzed with cold and fatigue. They had been ashore three hours before they had recovered sufficiently to tell the story of the wreck. THE STORY OF THE WRECK. Their accounts agree-upon the fol lowing points: The Elbe'left Bremen on Tuesday afternoon. The few hours of the voyage before the disaster were uneventful. At 4 o'clock Wednesday . morning the wind was blowing very hard. and a tremendous sea was run niug. The morning was unusually dark. Numerous lights were seen in all directions, showing thit many ves sels were nearby. The captain. there fore. ordered that rockets should be sent up at regular intervals to wara the craft to keep out of the Elbe's course. It was near to 6 o'clock and the Elbe was some fifty miles off Lowestoft, east of Suffolk. when the lookout man sighted a steamer of about 1.500 tns approaching. le gave the word and as a precaution the number of rockets was doubled and they were sent up at short intervals. The warn ing was without effect. The steamer came on with unchecked speed and before the Elbe could change her course or reduce her speed noticeably there was the terrible crash of the coT lision. The Elbe was hit abaft her en gine room. When the small steamer wrenched away an enormous hole was left in the Elbe's side. The water poured through and downinto the en gine room in a cataraeL The room filled almost instantly. The engines were still and the big hull began to stl.A PANIC IN THE STEERAGa. The passenewers were in bed. The bitter cold ana rough sea had prevent any early rising, and none except the officers and creiv on duty ,was on deck when the ship was struck-. The shock and crash roused everybody. The steerage was in a panic in a moment and men. women and children, half dressed or in their night clothes, came crowding up the companionways. They had heard tihe sound of the rush ing water as the other steamer backed off and had felt the Elbe lurch and settle. They had grasped the fact that it was then life or death with them. aind almost to a man had suc cumbed to their terror. They clung together in groups, facing the cold and storm, and ioried aloud for help or prayed on their knees for deliver ace. The officers and crew were calm. For a few moments they went among the terror stricken groups trying to quiet them andl encouraging themn to hope that thie vessel miight be saved. It was soon1 apparent, however, that the.Elbe was settling .teadily. The o)ilicer-s were convinced that she was about to founder and gave orders to ower the boats. Iu a short time three boats were got alongside. but the seas were breaking over- the steamer with gieat force and tihe first. boat was wamped before anybody could get into it. The other two boats, lowered at about the same time, wer?e filled quickly with members of the crew and1( some passengers. but tile nlumber wa small as the boats held only t wenty persons each. T.he. boat carry ing the twenty-one prsons~.' who were lamded at Lowestoft, put1 o1f insch hia'te fromi the sinking become of thet other- boat. Thei sumv .er believe. howeA that she got a way saly They sa y:i t they- t44ssed aotinl the ueavy se-as for- several hous beftr t hey .sighted tile Wild no 10. ThI e little smlac: bore down emnIti-im -t once and took them aboard. T hey were exhausted from excitemenit and'exposure Sever-al of thecm were in a state of collapse. and had to be carIied and diragge-d from one boat to the other. Miss A nna Baeeker. the only woman in thle party. wais lPostratedi as5 sOon as they go-~t clear- of the E-l;.e. She lay in the b)ottom~ of theC boat for five hiour-s wi th~e seas breakinmg o:-:r her :and the x.ater that had been sippedC1 half covriniig her body. Although her ohsical strenigthi wasi go ne she show .d'true pluick and did not uttera word of c-omp:haint. and( r.-peatedly nirged her com anions not to mninid her, bult look after themse-lves. Htofmann's leg was hurt se-verely while he.was changirig hoats. Thle survivoris cannlot say too mutch in praise of tile Wild Flower's cr-ew, whtavel themi every p)ossible atten tion. Epo landing tile survvivor-s wee. takenI ill char11ge by- B. S. Briad ber,. the Germiian consul at Lowestoft, who senlt someli to the Sailors' Home and otheris to the Saufolk 1Hotel. Miss Bu-eke-r, who took passage only to Sotamzpton, will probably be able to go to London ini a day or two. CARtL HOF.MANN's sTORY. Car-l Hofmann, who came ashore in1 the Wild Flower. said in an interview " My home is in (Arand Island. Neb raska. I had my wife anid boy of 7 1 with me oni Elbe. I1 ama utterly hem and hardly dare hope that they lave been saved. I went abroad to risit relatives in Germany, and durin he last four months was accompaniea )y my wife and boy. We left Bremen 'or home on Tuesday. I was asleep n our state room when a noise like a unshot woke me. I jumped ut of tile bed and spoke to my wife vho had been aroused as suddenly. I Lsked her what she thouglht the rouble was, but she seemea to pay ittle attention to it. I was not greatly larmed, although I heard scuffling eet and hoarse shouts on deck. I iurried into a few of my clothes, how ver, and went to the upper deck. I aw only too clearly then what had iappened. I rushed below and helped ny wife and boy throw on a few lothes and we went on deck together. Che excitement and confusion cannot )c described. I never saw anything ike it; everybody seemed to have lost is head. The scene was distressing be rond anything else I ever saw. Men, romen and children were runing tbout madly, the women screaming vith terror and every max getting in he others' way. Thedarkness increas d the confusion and fright. Sudden .y I hear shrill, desparing cries from he women. There are no more boats:' then saw the men at the davits. I 1oticed that the ropes were frozen so lard or were tangled so badly that the ailors had to chop them frantically to ret the boats clear. The sailors were loing their best, however, and worked vith might and main. They finally rot out the aftquarter boat on the port id e. I could see that it was full of w ople, but the sailors could not lower t. Meanwhile the steamer was settling )erceptibly. I took my boy in my trms and got into the second boat. Iv wife was close behind whe:. some >ody shouted: All women and child -en go on the ship.' I believe the cap ain give the order. My wife started o run across the deck and that is the ast I saw of her. I clung to my boy, >ut some men seized us an dragged us )ut of the boat, and my place was aken by one of the crew. This boat ,ot clear of the steamer. Before the nen at the oars could get full com nand of her a big wave almost dashed 1er against the steamer's big f6remast, ,hich had gone by the board at the ime of the collision. It was almost niraculous that the boat was not ;wamped. Another boat was got out. [ took my boy into it and supposed hat he had remained by my side. but just as the boat was lowered, I found :hat he had disappeared. He had >een torn away in the rush and scram; )le -for places. I tried to get back, but the boat went down with a jump ind the moment we reached the water -he saillors pushed off." Miss Buecker says she was in bed when the collision occurred. When she reached the deck two of the life boats were being lowered She got nto one of them, but it was capsized. She was picked up by another lifeboat mnd five hours after was taken on board the Wild Flower. Fuerst, a stoker, said in aii inter iew: "I was in the boiler room at the time of the dollision. The water rushed on i gap in the side. It poured in at a tre mendous rate and soon extinguished the fires. Everbody in the boiler room knew that the vessel must founder. When reached the deck I saw the captain on the bridge, but did not see the pilots. I do not know where the pilots were." Seamen Singe -says that the Elbe was struck just aft the engine room, the stem of the other steamer crush in oin the second cabin. ' ird Officer Stollberg. says that he annot explain the colirsion, and that it is unlikely that any adequate ac eount can be obtained, as all the deck watch on duty at the time were rlrowned. The captain was on the bridge when the collision occurred, and Officer Stollberg heard him shout ing in a loud firm voice that the women and children were to be saved first. The-captain's voice reached a :onsderable distance. His order was repeated by the chief officer, and must have been heard by everybody aboard. Dficer Stollberg expressed the warm est gratitude to Skipper Wright and he crew of the Wild Flower. The roughness of the sea, he said, made the work of rescue extremely perilous. The fishermen gave the survivors the uise of everything aboard the smack and fed and clothed thenl. There is some hope that the nrissing boat has been rescued, inasmuch as there were several smacks in the vi einity of the collision. Probably some women and children got into the miss ing boat. The steamship comnpany hlas defer red until morning its decision as to sending the survivors to New York. In answer to a dispatch from the Uni ted Press, the North German Lloyd sent the official statement from Bre men tonig'ht. "Tile third officer of the Elbe re ports from Lowestoft that the vessel was struck on the port side in the way mail room by an unknown steamer, simkmlg in twenty minutes. Stormy weather: watch in order. Hope a second( boat which was lowered may be safe, as several fishing vessels and steamer are in the vicinity. Good liscipline; everything done that was possible to save life." The first official report received by :he owners was dated at Lowestoft and aid: "The mail steamship Elbe, which lft Bremerhaven yesterday for New York, sunk after being in collision at 3 this morning. A boat has landed twenty-two. No news of the remain ler." ~Then followed the statement iven above. These reports seem to prove that >nly two boats were lowered, despite lthe varying statements of passengers, some of whom said that as many as eight were cut loose. The boat carrying he survivors was tossed at the mercy >f thle waves in a bitter southeast wind unltil 11 o'clock. Meantime' ther sigh'ted several vessels, while thenm seves unseen. The scantiness of their lothing made their sufferings more utense. When they sighted the Wildl Flower frantic etfor'ts were mnade to attract her' attention. Sails, hirts andl underclothes were waved ometime before the fishing smack an wered their hail. The exact place of the collisionl is 'ortv-.seven miles southwe~st of the Elook lighit ship. Mr. Neusel, the first engineer, told l.aily News reporter that it was only hie position the vessel assumed when hie water miade its volume felt that >revented the launching of more oats. lDispatches from Germany say that 3remnen is in a state of consternation uid the whole country is excited by he news of the wreck. Tile passen ers came from all parts of the Em THE DO NOTHING SENATE. THE FINANCE COMMITTEE CANNOT AGREE ON ANY MEASURE. So Say Senators Vest and Sherman of that Committee-senator Vest Makes a Very Interesting Speech on the Financial Sit uation. WASHINGTON, D. C., Jan. 30.-If there had been any lingering ho that the Finance Committee of the enate would be able to agree upon some measure of financial relief at the pres ent session such hope was definitely dispelled in the course of the discussion which broke out immediately after the reading of the journal today. One of the leading Democratic mem bers of that committee, Mr. Vest, of Missouri, in presenting the resolutions of the St. Louis merchants exchan favoring legislation on the lmes of - e President's recent message took a firm stand against any such legislation and expressed the opinion that the Mer chants exchange had not given pro r consideration to the subject and 'd not represent the intelligent opinion of a majority of the people of Missouri. He said that he would never vote to issue one bond for the purpose of se curing gold, in order that the country might remain on a single gold stand ard. He replied to a question as to whetherthe Finance Committee would agree upon a plan, that there was not the slightest possibility of its doing so. A leading Republican of the same committee-Mr. Sherman, of Ohio expressed the same opinion, saying that the Committee on Finance was utterly helpless to deal with the ques tion, and that the best thing the Sen ate could do would be to dischargethe committee from its further examina tion, take up the matter itself and give the necessary relief to the country. After the subject was dropped the Sen ate proceeded to consideration of exe cutive business, and having ratified the Japenese treaty, adjourned at 4;05 p. m. The financial debate was precipitated upon the Senate at the very opening of the session. After present the telegram and resolutions from the St. Louis Merchants exchange, Mr. Vest said: Mr. President:eI have very great re spect for the St. Louis Merchants ex change, and for the opinions and wishes of the gentlemen who consti tute that body. But I am unable to meet their views in reoad to the re commendations in tie President's . message. I do not think that the Mer chants exchange of St. Louis represent the intelligent opinion of a majority of the People of Missouri. i do not think that its members have given proper consideration to the legitimate. effect of the recommendations which his Excellency has made to Congress. I do not believe that a majority of the people of Missouri, or of the people of the United States,favor the retirement .of $500,000,000 of non-interestbearing treasurv notes and the substitution in placeoftheim Oir- sy lL o not believe that they propose to re tire these notes by substituting a gold obligation, ru for fifty years, with interest in go d payable every year to the amountof $500,000,000 and with an aggreoate amount of interest at the end of Aity years of $750,000, 000 in gold. It is a selfish suggestion that the principal or a large part of it is to be paid by posterity. The obliga tions on this Senate in regard to pos terity are as binding as they are in reference to the present generation. We legislate not for ourselves alone, but for those to eome after us, and it might just as well be said that we can ignore the autonomnyof the govern ment as to future ages and leave to our descendants -problems to be solved which might throw the country in all sorts of difficulties, (such as the Presi dent suggests), that we must look alone to the present and let the future take care of itself. "Mr. President, with great respect to the St. Louis Merchants exchange, I deny their faculty, as sooth-sayers in regard to finances. This same Mer chants exchange telegraphed me to vote for the unconditional repeal of the purchasing clause of the Sherman act and said that its repeal would bring prosperity to the country and that sunshine would again illuminate the laud. That repeal took place, un conditionally, and what was the re sult? So far from bringing prosperity it brought additional adversity; and the prophecy made by the self-consti tuted financiers, turned out to be a mere illusion-'the baseless fabric of a vision.' '"Mr. President, the Congress is now being assailed because it will not put this country permanently on a gold basis, and will not perpetuate the na tional banks as banks of circulation. The President of the United States has issued a proclamation of war against the silver issue of the country and he seeks now (I do not speak of iiis mo tives, but of the results,) to make the United States, who do not believe in a single gold standard, accessory to the destruction of silver, and to the perpet uation of the system to which he is de voted. Tt is possible that intelligent men believe that the President has not the power to secure all the gold that is necessary for the Treasury of the United States even on his own theory in regard to the finances. The Secre tary of the Treasury openly avows (and the President repeats) that they need no more money to meet the cur rent expenditures of the Government. There is (to use their own language) 'a comfortable balance of $63,000,000 in the Treasury.' They openly avow that they want wold to maintain the single gold stan~dard, and for no other purpose, and yet the impression is made on the country that unless Con g-ress gives additional legislation, power is takeni away from the execu tive, and the country will be involved in common ruin. "Mr. President. under the resump~. tion act (so called) the President of the Unite~d States has the power to issue 4 1-2 per cent. bonds 0:- 4 per cent bonds. the latter to run tbirty years. These bonds can be made the basis of national bank circulation, and the President, therefore, has in his hands today, all the power necessary to se cure all the gold he may thik neces sary to put in the Treasury of the country. Every intelligent man knows that a 4 per cent loan running thirty years would be the ideal bond for the national banks; every one knows that the national banks are in terested once for all in the single gold standard, and in the perpetuation of their power for the issue of circulation. The Presideut of the United States wishes to force us to be an accessory to COTInUEr ON PAGE FOt'R