Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. X. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 16 189 NO. 25. GOLD AM) SIMER. AVERY ABLE AND EARNEST PLEA FOR A BIMETALIC STANDARD. Col. L W. Youmans Gives the Free Silver Side-An Able amd Very Interesting Ex position of the Questio:-e Sutre and Read It. To the Editor of The State: In mv last article I proved from the record that by calling for three inter national conferences to rehabilitate silvei, and by her own declarationsas voiced by her several delegations in these conferences, that the United Steies admitted that the denial of free mintage of -silver had cut off one-half of the money supply: that this sup pression of .one-half of the intrinsic money 6f. the State would produce a ru inous contraction; which would lower wages, depress the price of all the pro ducts of labor and by doubling the burdens of-all debts, taxes and fixed charges, .verwhehning debtors, stag nate trade and. paralvze industry. This position of t'he United States was pretty well confirmed by the Euro pean delegates to these conferences. It seemed-to be.admitted on all sides that the -gold standaiid was enhancing the value-of money. depressing the price os.all products of labor and sac rificing t'e:agiculture of gold stand ardiations to the competition of sil vei a~ndard countries. These were noik"assertioni, they wereothe dec larationsbof the delegaites both from the United State and from the great trading nations of Europe. I gave the references forthese quotations. search and see, you will find them there:you will findthem a matter of record. ut -_tAred in the plainest language. and ' sophistry cannot gloss it over. "A wrong to civilization and to the hopes of mankind." "The demoralization of silver means the retirement of not only nearly half the world's coin cir culation, but of more than half of its convertible paper issues. It means to double the weights of existing obliga tions and to compress the world 's ac tivities into half their existing scope. It'means to consign the nineteenth centui-y to a paupers grave, and to lay the heavy hand of paralysis on the cradle of the twentieth. Just here the question may be very pertinently askedsuch being the case, why did not the European delegates accede to the proposition of the United States for an iternational agreement for the free and unlimited coinage of silver? The ans- er is very obvious and plain, the debtor and producing classes, who bear the burdens of the gold standard in Europe have very little voice in their czovernments;these nations are ruled ost entirely by wealth, rank and privilege; an ele ment composed almost. entirely of the creditor and income classses; whose interestris to depress wages, lower the price of commodities, and by cheapen-. ing almost everything except money, without any effort on their part,vastly augment their fortunes. In consider proposition that the drop in ' has made the silver dollar fifty per cent fiat, and intrinsically worth only fifty cents; we are first l'ed to in quire what is a dollar and what are its uses. A similar question has often been-asked in England in regard to theeound sterlin. Sir Robert Peel, after-alludi' tothe fact that both Mr. Ice eand Sir Isaac Newton, with all 6f.-feir abilities, had failed to answer it; said "thathe could by no possible effort of intellect, conceive it to be anything, but a certain determinate weight of gold metal. In commenting on this defir.ition of Sir Robert Peel, Sir Archibald Allison remarked: "Perhaps if his valuble life had been spared, and he had seen the ounce of gold selling in Australia at ?3 to ?3.10s instead of ?3.17s, 10 1-2 the mint price, he would have modi fled his opinion that "a pound is an abstract measure of value just as the yard or foot is of length." I think Sir Archibald's definition has been generally accepted as cori ect; and our dollar, which is our unit of value, is therefore an abstract meas iure of value, as the yard or foot is of length. The functioni of the money unit is to measure value and facilitate exchanges-as ninety per cent. of our exchanges are made on time the dol lar becomes not only an abstract measure of present value, but a record of past obligations, a standard for de ferred payments. Common equity, therefore requires that its measurement should be stable. and to ensure the preservation of this party of messurement, its volume should be kept proportioned to the volume of commodities, to be ex changed. We are by no means witnessing the first interference with the volume of money to dtsturb property values: thought this combined actton of the bankers of the Northeast and Western Europe, to strike down silver and double their holdings, is the first at tempt to interfere with the natural law of supply from the mines. This campaigning of the banks to bleed the general public is nothing new. The public has suffered before from that "dangerous antagonist rela tion between those who hold or com mand the currency and the rest of the community," as Mr. Calhoun has told us. Their old trick of inflating and contracting the currency, selling at the highest point of circulating and buying at the lowest was very fully ela~borated by Mr. Calhoun in his speech in the United States Senate March 21, 1S34. (See works. vol. 2, pages 347 and 34S.) Old Tomn Benton. in a speech in 1834 (see Benton's "Thirty Years in the United States Senate~" volume 1, page 430.) said: "The philosophic Voltaire, a century ago, from his retreat ini Ferny, gav-e a lively description of this operation. by which he was made-a winner with out the trouble of playing, 'I have a friend.' said. he, 'who is a director in the Bank 'of France, who writes to me p'hen they are going to make mcifey plenty, and make stocks rise. and then I give orders to my brokers to sell: and he writes to me when they are going to make money scarce. and make stocks fall, and then I write to my broker to buy: and thus at a hundred leagues from Paris and with out moving from my chair. I make money.'" Again, see <Prof. Bolles' "Financial History of the United States from 1861 to 1885,' page 363;) what was developed on this line by a Congressional investigating comnaut tee; where a director of the Tenth National Bank of New Yor'k wa~s made to confess that he alone had called in over $4,000,000 to produ~ce a stringency to depress the price of cer tain property of which he was desir ous. Alexnder Hamilton thoroughly coiprellendled the supreic necessity of a stable measurement of the value of property by the imoney unit. In his report on the establishment of the mint, M ay 5, 1791. he said: "There is scarcely any point in the ecovoiny of national atfairs of greater moment than the uniformn preservation of the intrinsic value of the money unit. On this the security and steady value of property especially depend." It was evidentIv'Hanjilton's idea that the money unit should maintain a uni form measurement of commodities. that upon the preservation of this general parity of ratio in values de pended the security and steady value of property. Mark. noW, the security and steady value of property he re garded as of the gieatest moment in the economy of national affairs. In seeking, therefore, to discover the metallic unit which is honeest and just, we must ascertain whether the commodity value of the gold and sil ver unit has most steadilv maintained this parity of value: which of the two as an abstract measure of value, as the vard or the foot is of length.meas ures the same in the units of com modities now as it did in 1873 before silver was denied free mintage. On making this examination we find that whereas the bullion value of the sil ver dollar measures one hundred niuits in commodities, when both met als were accorded free mintage in 1S73. and still imieasures the same one hundred units in commodities now, having maintained a uniform parity of price and exchanges With the volume of commodities, the bullion in the gold unit, which in 1873 measured only ninetv-seven units in conimodi ties, now measurcs over two hundred. The bullion value of the silver unit mezared three feet in commodities in 1813 and measures the same three feet nov, having maintained. as. an ab stract measure of values. the same regularitv and unitormity of imeasure ment that the vard or foot des in length. The bullion value of the gold unit, however, which measured le s thal thle feet in commodities in now metsau'res siX feet. What would a farmer think, who, having borrowed of a manufactuter on his prospective crop of wool a hun dred vards of cloth, when the wool had lieen delivered and turned into cloth, the manufacturer should come forward with a rod in his hand six feet long, declaring that it was the only honest vardstick, either here or in Europe, and that both principal and premium must be measured by it; the farmer would thiuk it the most aston ishing proposition he ever heard-yet this is a correct picture of the gold standard: and more than this, the six feet gold yardstick is still growing longer: gold is continualy anticipating in value. It has been well said "No man has bought who did not know he would have to sell to as hrunken market."No man has planted who did not know that the standard which measured the cost of his seed and his labor would by no means be accepted to measure tfie value of his crop. The producers are all in the condition of the farmer who borrowed cloth of the manufact urei-; they got into debt when the gold unit measured three feet in pro perty and are now called upon to set tle, "when it measured six.feet in pro perity. To men of my avocation the situa tion is worse than serious; they bor rowed money, most of them when two bales of cotton would pay $100, now it takes five bales. We can only note the increasing aug mentation of the value of the gold un it, by a corresponding reduction in the price of property. Our cotton is only worth half price, and as far as our land and stock, thiere is scarcely any market at all. The gold standard ever anticipating in value, is neither reliable or honest, cotantly taking more than we pro mised in the contract; it violates the equity of every bargain, where pay ment is deferred, robbing the debtor for the creditor and income classes. while it reduces thme debtor and produc ing classes to adject poverty: it is rap idly dividing society into two classes -the very rich and the very poor rapidly concentrating the wealth of the country in the hands of the great masses of the people. a condition of affairs under which republican govern ment cannot'long exist. We have r ached that critical situation, which has marked the decline and downfall of all the great republics of the past. The gold standard has given us a two hundred cents dollar, driven the white money metal from the civilized nations of the West to the Pagan na tions of the East; cirippling the indus tries of the former and stimulating the enterprises of the latter. It acts like a bount'- on the exports of the East agrainst~which it is most difficult. for Western agriculture to compete: and acting like a tariff on the exports of the West, it shuts the Eastern mar kets to our finished product, stimulat ing Eastern manufacture and curtail ing the demand also for our raw mate rial, It has fultilled the predictioni of British statesmen, that it would event ually prove the ruin of the cotton and wheat indstries of the States. The Nor thwest is now feeding its wheat to horses and hogs, and we are told that in the Southwvest the farmer is thresh ing dlown the cotton ini his fields. The cotton and wheat belts, bankrupted andruined, are una~ble to pay interest on the mortgages that cover their farms and homesteads: they have no surplus whatever with which to pur chase tihe manufactured articles of the Northwest: the manufigeturer, unable to sel, has to discharge his operatives, and left without wages, they in turn are unable to consume, hence web hold glutted marke:s and no one able to buy, thle invariable concomitant of a shiiikmg value of money. Invest ient a ad enterprise are about to ab andon the tield, on a falling market they nieet with nothing but loss. The cptains of industry, who organize aid emp~loy laboi, have no faith in the conditions resaltinig from the gold .staidard. They have realized that enterprises hi'ch p~romhise profit at their iniception ar-e chaingedl into loss and disaster by falling values, before realization can take place. Hence, labor- is admitted to idleness, without means and without employment. It does not require a prophet, a phi losopher or a statesiman to foretell the inevitaule and invairiable result :Uver whelminug financial embarrassment, want and distress. underi-iined morals, disintegrate society and~ produce revo lutioin. John Adams said: " No des perately indebted people can long en dure a r-egular, sober- gover-nment. Silver having steadily maintained its ratio of execiange with commodities. and by uniformly preserving it-s parity with property values siaxce 1873, has shown itself to be honest andI reliable In 1S73, the silver unit measured 100 cents in property values and today it exchanges for the same :mount of property; therefore, as the dollar is an abstract measure of value, like thc yard or the foot of length. aiways measuring the same, ai?t as Hanilton said it was of the utriost importance to security and steadily value of pro perty that this unifor-nity of measure ment should be maintained. I think, Mr. Edit;.r, that the impar tial reader will Vrgree with me that the silver unit is the honest unitof measur ing property xalues, and is therefore a one hundred cents dollar; and that the gold dollar, which has flagrantly violated the parity of exchange upon which the steadily value of all proper ty and its security depends that has not only doubled in its measurement of property, but is still continually augmenting in value, is unreliable and dishonest. It is a robber, taking two for one, and volating the equity of every contract where deferred pay ments are to be made. As a money unit it is dishonest and a two hundred cent dollar. Moutesquiew, in his celebrated work, "Spirit of Laws," says: That, when a people have not the use of money, they are sldom acquainted with any other injustice than that which springs from violence, and the weak, by unit ing, defend themselves from its effects: they have nothing there but political regulations. But., when money is es tablished, they are subjuct to that injustice which proceeds from craft. an injustice that may be exercised a thousand ways." If there is l single honest reader of ordinary intelligence, who has not been colivinced by reading the series of articres which I have written: that the demonetization of silver was a de liberate scheme on the part of the great money intereast of the Northeast and Western Europe. controlling over thirty billoio dollars of credit, to mazke money scarce and double the value of these holdings; and t'hat the gold unit was the tool selected to work this gigantic robbery: and in accomplishing it, has double'd its value and become a dis honest unit, and a two hundred cent dollar, then it seems to me Mr. Editor, that facts and arguments cannot con Vince. In my next article. I propose to dis cuss the wisdom of maintaining the Same money standards as the great trading nations of Europe, an aband enment of which, your correspondent, "More Than One, seems to think would unsettle our exchanges: and you would regard as a disaster. L. W. Yo0A NS. Fairfax, S. C., Jan. 3, 1S95. ROASTING CLEVELANDP Congress Sibley, of Pennsy'vania, is the Roaster. WASHINGTON, Jan. 8.-In consider ing the currency bill in the House yesterday Mr. Sibley, Democrat, of Pennsylvania, opened the debate with a sensational speech in opposition to the bill. He spoke of the passage of the bill to repeal the purchasing clause of the Sherman law and its failure to improve the financial and commercial conditions, despite the assurances to the contrary of its advocates, and ex pressed his belief that the pending bill would likewise prove a failure. Re ferring to the published reports that the executive department of the gov ernment, in the person of the Secre tary of the Treasury, was using its power to influence votes in favor of the bill, Mr. Sibley said: "Mr. Chair man if I have read the Constitution of the United States correctly it de ines the powers and duties of the Chief Executive and the powers and duties of the membership of the House, and I tell you that if ever a rebuke was needed to one who has trampled down the prerogatives of the pople it is to that man who has us his influence, or attempted to use it, to create in himself the sole1 -overning power of this nation. It Ras come to a time when to be the government of this people requires something more than a combination of brains, belly and brass." (Sensa tion and applause.) Mr. Sibley continued, at some length, to assail the Administration for its attitude toward and action upon financial measures. The repeal of the purchasing clause of the Sherman law, he asserted had been secured by the use of improper influences by the ad ministration, and that if the padlocks were taken off the mouths of the Representatives four out of five would confirm his statements. The question of the length of time he was to speak having been reached, Mr. Sibley said that every agent of the big Gold Trust had spoken all he had to say. When pressed by Mr. Outhwaite to tell who put a paalock on his (Sib lev's) lips he said: "Let me tell the gntleman that Iam not talking today to men who believe in going to hel in a handcart instead of to heaven supported by truth. Let me tell him also that I am not addressimi men who believe more in a bobtail flush than a contrite heart." Recurring to tho action of the Ad ministration, Mr. Sibley said that paraphrasing Junius, it could be said that the merits of an Administration might be judged by the condition of the people. " Look uploni the condi tion of the people of this country," he said, "and you can tell the merits of your administration." Mr. ~Sibley declared that by the standards or the fathers he belie'ved he was a Denmo crat; he reverred Jefferson and Jack son and wxorshipped at their shrine. But if he was to be carried in a c-on veyance labelled,' 'Democracy,"- guid ed by an obstinate driver over an un knowvn road, with precipices and chasms yawning on all sides, he was going to jump out; and he was not particular about where he lit. (Laugh ter.) M1 r. Pence,Populist.Of Colorado. asked unanimous consent that Mr-. Sibley be permitted to conclude his remarks: but Mr. Outhwaite objected. Mr. Sibley's thrust at the President seemed to be enjoyed by quite a num ber of Representatives, and when he concluded there was a round of ap plause. Whilo he wvas speaking Sen ators Cameron, Republican, of Phila delphia, and Stewart, Populist, of Nevada, camne into the House and re mained to hear him. THE Savaiinah News says the year 1894 will be remembered in the South as a year of five cent cotton: in the West as a year of fifty cent wheat: in Florida for the destruction of the orange crop and of orange trees b~y the cold weattier; and throughout the whole country for the adoption of the Wilson tariff. It was not a year of prosperity. It was a year in which the people hoped for better times and in which the times steadily grew DOOMED TO IEFEAT. SUCH IS THE FATE AWAITING THE CURRENCY BILL. Nat ional Bank and Free Silver Influiences Combine A;ainst the Mea.sure and Win the Fight-Some Duemocrats in Bad cmltpany. . WASHINGTON. Jan. 9.-In the House today 'Mr. Outhwaite reported a reso lution from the committee on rules to govern the further consideration of the currency bill. It provides for the sub stitfition of the aniended bill proposed by 31r. Stringer. December 20 last. for tie pending bill. that it be considered under the five-minute rule. unless dis posed of..unail 4::-0 o'clock Friday and immediately after the e.xpiratiori of the morning hour on Saturday the vote on pending amelndiments and the p'assage of the bill shall be taken. Mr. Dingley l-elp.) of Ma iue. srgges ted to Mr. Uuthwaite that a modiiiea tion to be made ii the rule. solas to per mit the House first to consider seettons 9 and i) of the bill relating to State banks. for if, they were not to be reha bilitated the House might change the details coitained in the earlier sections This suggestion was reinforced by Mr. Walker dep.) of 3Massaclusetts. who said it was made in tle interest of ex ped-(itingz biusiness. MNr. Outi waite said the gentleman as sumed that the time was to be wasted. if it was not wasted. the sections named would le reached before the order ex pired.. Inquiries were nadte by esrs.. Ieltzhoover Dem. I of PeIIIsvivania, and Blau (1.i. of Missom-i, as to the sttus of t he anendmien t the form er proposed to oiler. authorizing the .A:le of 83t 0.000 (f bonds and the b ostitute, of which tle latter bad giv en nolice. providing for the free coin age of silver at the ratio (f 16 to 1. They were informed by .r. Outh waite that the resolution did not favor nor discriminafe against any amend ment or substitute: they would all st.and on- their merits and be subject to the rules of the House. Mr. Bland wanted Mr. Outhwaite to agree before lie would vote for the rule thet lie Gir. Bland) shouldhavean op portunity to offer his free coinage amendment and have it voted upon. If that were'done he should have no ob jection to the adoption of the resolu tion. 6therwise the probabilities were that he would never have an opportt nity to present his proposition. Mr. Outhwaite declined to enter into any arrangemncnt respecting the Bland substitute or any other amendment. In response to a question by 'Mr. Reed, Mr. Ouilhwaite said the object of the resolution wa to bring to a con elusion within a reasonable time, the considerotion of the currency bill which had been before the House now for nearly two weeks, already a suffi cient period of time. considering that the Congress -was now in the short session. The great appropriations re main to be acted upon-only one, and that -the'smallest, having yet passed the Senate and the committee on rules is being daily beseiged by the friends of the Nicaragua Canal bill, the Pacif ic Railroad refunding bill, and other vastly important measnres, for time for their consideration. The rule grants ample time for the consideration of the bill under the five minute rule. Mr. Reed said the situation seemed to him to be an unfortunate one, in that probably nothing would save the bill, and the House was discussing the best method of getting rid -of it. Air. Reed suggested to MIr. Outhwaite that be fore bringing the resolution to a vote of the House, he consent. to a modifi :ation of its terms so as .to permit a liscussion first upon the most impor tant part of the bill. After further brief remarks by Outh waite, Bland and Beltzhoover, the for mer demanded the previous question on the passage of the resolution. Mr. Bland: If the demand for the previous question is voted down, the resolution will be open to amendment ? Speaker Crisp: If the question is re [used. The vote upon Outhwaite's demand was ayes 92, noes 101. A vote by yeas and nays was demanded by MIr. Outh waite and taken, resulting as follows: Yeas-Democrats--Abbot. Alderson. Alexander. Allen, Bankhead, Barnes, Barwig, Breckner. Bell of Texas, Berry, Black, Boatner, Bower. Bretz, Br-ick ner, Brookshire, Cabiniss, Cadmus, Caminetti, Cannon of California. Ca ruth. Catchings, Causey, Chancy, Clarks of Alabama. Cobb of Alabama, Coombs, Cornish, Covert, Cox, Craw ford, Culberson, Davev, Denson, Dinis more. Dockerrv, Durborrow, English of California. Roes, Erdman, Fielder, Fithian, Gearv, Geissen hai ner, Good night, Grady,~ Gresham, 'Grillin of ichigan. Ifa-ll of M3innesota, Hall of issouri, Hammond, Hare, Harrison, Henderson of North Carolina. Hines, Holman, Hutcheson, Izlar. Kilgore, Kyle, Laphaim, Lester, Liv ingston,. Lock wood. Lynch, M1addox, M1allory. M1artin. MIcCr'eary, 31eCul loch, 31eDearmou. 31eGann, MIeCaig, 31cillin, M1erith. MIeyer, 3Montgome rv. MIoses, O'Neill o M1assachusetts, duthw aie, Page, Paschial, Patterson, Peas'on, Pend leto)n of Texas, P~endlhe ton of WXest Viirinia. Piggott, Rlich ad', Richardsonof Tennessee. iRit e' ie Robbins. RIusk. Russel i of Gerf Ryan, '-avers, Sc~hermecrhorn. i Kentucky. Straus. Swan~ln. Tialbott, Tate. Ta ior of Indiana, Tracey. Tuck e-, Turner of Georgia. Ty~le. WAarner, Washington. Weadoel.:, Wells. Wheel er of Alabama. Williaanis of Ilinois, Williams of 3Ii'Sissippi, Wilson of West Vir'gin ia, Wise, Wolv~erton, Woodwad-12).* Republlican-3I. C. Henry---124. N avs-Democrats: Ai ruold, lailey. Be-ltzioover, Bland, Br'yan, Cape hart. Clark of Mlissouri, Coffeen Conn,. Cooper of Texas. Dearmioud. Ednmunds. Ellis of Kentucky. Hlaines. Harris, Hatch, hooker of Mi31issssips Huinter. Ikirt, .Jonies. Latinmer. L ittfe 31agh'ner'. MIeEttri:-k. M1e~auin. Ic ae. 31Ioney, 3oore. 31Ior an. Neill. Og)den. Rical ardson of 3-lic'higan.~ Roiberit'son of L ,ouisiana. "Shell "'ibley ,Snodgraiss, Republicans-Adamsni' of P'ennsyl vaia. Aldrich, Avery Haker11iit of New Hamnpshiire, Barmitholdt.1 Bowers, Brod erick. Brom~ well, Brosimus Bundy . Can non1 of Illuiois. Chiecke-ring. C otlin, Copper of WAisconsin. Cousl~ins~ Curitins. o' Kansas. Curtis of New Yor-k, Dal zel, D~aniels. Dinmgle' D~olliver'. Doo0 little, D~rape-r. Ellis. of ( )rtegn. Giard nr, G3illett of New York. (illett of assachusetts, Grillini of Wisconsin. Grout, Growv, lHager. Hlainer. Hlarmer, Hartman, Hauge- n. Henderson of Iowa. Hepburn. Heri-mann, Hicks. llitt. Hop kins of Illinois. Hopkins o1 Pennsyl' fer. Lacey, Loud, Louden. Sla-er, M1nhon, McCall. 'McDowell, 3eikle john. Morse, Northway. Perkins. Phil lips, Pickler, Powers.Quigg. Bandall. Ray. Reed, Redburn, Robinson of Pennsylvania, Russell of Connecticut, Scranton, Smith. Stone, Charles W. Stone, W. A. Storer, Strong, Thomas, Updegraff, Van Voorhis of New York, Van Voorhis of Ohio, Wadsworth, Walker, Wanger, Waugh, White, Wilson of Ohio, Woomer and Wright -S2.. Populists-Baker of Kansas, Bell of Colorado. Boen, Davis. Kem, Pence and Simpson-7. Total. 430. Th'e result of the vote, which was re ceived as being the practical defeat of the bill, was received in silence. Immediately after the announce ment of the vote 31r. Outhwaite said: Mr. Speaker I withdraw the resolution. The House then turned its attention to the consideration of appropriatiou bills, and before adjouanment at 4:45. it had disposed of two, the diplomatic and consular and postoflice. The for mer carries a total of $1.565.118, and the latter S9,442.952. The ehief incident of interest of the ofternoon was the ringing speech of Mr. Hitt (Rep.) of Illinois, upon the necessity of locating United States consuls at Ezeroum and Harpoot. Ar. menia. They were ordered to be es tablished without a dissenting vote. The House committee on pablic buildings and grounds today ordered a fayorable renort on the bill of Mr. Alexander of North Carolsnagranting to the city of Charlotte for use as a public park such parts of the United States mint property- in that city as mray hi unecessar for the parpose for which it was purchased. A "VERY (RAvE FINANCIAL SITUATION. Immediately after the defeat of the currency bill in the House today 3r. Voorhees. chairman of the Senate corn mittee on finance, called the Demo cratic memberstogether. The consul tation lasted for half an hour with the result that 'Mr. Voorhees will call a special meeting of the committee for tomorrow afternoon at 2 o'clock. This meeting is for the purpose, as Mr. Mrhes puts it, of conference, con siItion and such action as may be thought best and agreed upon and is called in view of the "very grave fi nancial situation." Im portant Resolutions. .JACKSON, 31SS., Jan. 10.-When the Cotton Growers' Protictive Asso ciation convened this morning, the first thing done was to adopt tie re port of the committee on resolutions, the salient part of which is as fol lows: The gravity of the conditions con fronting the cotton growers is recog nized. To what extent this may be traced to financial leglature is useless to discuss. The overprodaction of cot ton is recognized ,as one of the chief evils. This -must be corrected or uni versal bankruptcy will follow. Self-interest must impel the grower to change. Every farmer is appealed to not to plant so.much cotton, a de creage of not less thandwenty-five per cent. is recoimended;~fifty per cent. would be better. The farmer should be made self-sus taining by planting peas, corn. potat toes, oats, etc., and raising, plenty of meat. The tide of immigration turned this way will change methods. Farm ers are lurged to form county organ izations all over the South to carry out these resolutions. Cold storage houses are recommended wherever practicable. The committee promises better times and higher prices for cot ton if its recommendation are observ ed. All papers in the South ar-e re quested to deep the committee's report standing. The committee on organization and by-laws submitted a long repot, of whlichi the following is a s;ynopsis: No one shall be a member who is not a legitimate grower. The associa tion is formed for one year and the xecutive committee is given power to continue it longer, if good results. The agr-eement to be sent to all coun ties in the cotton growing States for signatur-es is not to be binding till signed by three-fourths of the cotton acreage in S0 per cent. of the cotton growing counties, said fact to be de termined by the national committee. Each memnber binds himself to pay 2 cents for each acre of cotton planted in 1894, half to be retained in the counties, the balence to be paid into the treasury of the national commit tee for general purposes. The county organizations5are to be formed on the first MIonday of MIarch, 195. The national executive committee shall be composed of the national pres ident. who is ex-oflicio chairman, and each State is entitled to one member for -every 100.-000 bales of cotton raised in 1890, as shown by the United States census. All State organizations shall meet at the States capitals on thethird Mon day on M1arch. 1895, and the national conmittee at New Orleans the first 3onnay of April, 195, which shall ascertain whether the agreement is signed by the r-equisite number to make the same binding. The- presid ents are chargedl with the duty of see ing the agr-eemnents properly distri bu~t Ied for signatures. j ellieved to becKit Klux. ATLANnA, JIan. 10.-Five of the tost known citizens of M1urray county hav~ been indicated by the United states surv here for murder and con simrac. 'The men indicated are John dmondson, Tom Wright. and ex Uniat states deputy marshal: WV. A. Hani- 'eorge Terry and Mcerrill Woou'. ese par-ties ar-e all believed to be n.. " of the Ku Klux band. Judge JM gogulson ont0y ace~s of lii. s n3urycut and is one. 1,eading c-itizens of his set 'the State. He gave a M,0u7i. '1 went back homie. EdmnondsoU,&ad to be the leader of the band. . e and Hannah caime to Atlanta and gave themselves up. D~eputy marshals are 'iiutnting for the otiiers. Starving and Striking. HIAu.iVx. N. S..- Jan. 10.-The mii uers at spring Hill coal mines str-uck this miorninig. Only meagre infor-ma tion has beeni received here as yet. but it appeCars the trouble has been comn ing between the miners and the main agers for some time over whether- the work should be done in one long shift or two short ones. Neither side would rie way, and the strike resulted. The feeiig is that the men, although they have grievances, should not have struck at a time when work in their line is so dull. 'Word from the col lieries last night was to the ell'ect that Ia settlemenit had been reached, but a hitch occurred this morning and the mn orfse to gro to work. A CONVENTION CALLED. A REPUBLICAN GATHERING FOR NEXT MONTH. A necorganization of the Remnants of the Radical Corpse-Organization Through. out the State to Fight for Delegates to the Constitutional Convention. COLUMBIA. S. C., Jan. 6.-The war cry of the Republicans against the constitutional convention has been sounded in a circular which is to be distributed from one end of the State to the other. It is published below. The fight on the life and death ques tion of white supremacy has practically begun. as was predicted by The Reg ister over a week ago. The Republicans are prepared to organize now and when the time comes for the eleetion of delegates to the convention the party will be better organized than it has been at any time since 1876. It is needless to warn white men what they will have to contend with if the Re publicans organize thoroughly. and if they are aided by the white element which kicked out of the Democratic traces last fall. As has been stated in The Register, the outlook is for a hard and furious fight to put men in the convention who will look after the in terests of the State as the majority of white men want them looked after. The circular. as will be seen, is sizined by ten white men and eleven colored.' Several colored ministers are among the signers. and the minis ters are appealed to to awaken the dor mant feelings of the colored voter and once more make him an active factor in the politics of the State. The breach which the Independents made is being taken advantage of. as every patriotic white man saw would be the case. If the constitutional convention should be controlled by Republicans there is no telling what would happen. Organization must be met by organiza tion and the democrats must be prepar ed to win when the election is held. The following is the circular which, it is suppossed, will arouse the Repub lican host: "Columbia, S. C.. January 4. 1894. "The approaching constitional con vention presents e situation- of the most vital concern. The projectors of the scheme to supplant the ;present Constitution have concealed their pur poses beyond the admission and boast that the elective franchise is to be so restricted and manipulated that a large proportion of the golored voters are to be disfranchised. The power of the convention is supreme. If the people do not risc in their might and elect delegates who will protect their estab lished rights and interests there is im minent danger that an intolerant and partisan spirit will dominate and an organic law be adopted which will re present the views, principles and schemes of a hostile and revengeful faction. "The call for action and -untiring effort to avert the fate which has been dcreedis loud and imperative. The lethargy and despair under which the people rest must be thrown off. No issue of equal importance has everbeen presented to the ciizensof the State and it is time means were adopted to arouse the voters and acqualnt them with the perilous situationi. "As now circumstanced Republicans are powerless. 'Where active and ef ficient organization is essential they are in the dilemma of having no hina ing and legal party organization, rowing out of the failmie to elect a state executive committee and county chairmen during thme past year as re quired by the rules of the p arty. "It is therefore felt and the occasion demands the assembling of a State conventioii as spedily as possible to be composed of the most intelligent, wise and representative men for the purpose of formulating plans for c.onducting this camnpai'gn and of organizing the party on a live, liberal, progressive basis, so that those who see in the success of the Republican party the best hope for the welfare of the people and the prosperity of the country may feel that in our party they wil'l find a welcome and chance for preferment. It should be understood the question of past narty affiliation is ignored and that all those who believe in the doct rine of protectionl and honest elections are entitled to an will be accorded fair and eqtual recognition. The unloosing of party ties in the State offers the chance'for tile Republican party to bgna career' of active uneful ness and secure the co-operation of all well wishers. Besides the usual registra tion days on the first Mondays in each month there have been ten extra regis tration dayspirovided This offers a great opportuinity and incentive and we be lieve the people can on this supreme occasion be ar'oused throughout the State. "Therefore we feel impelled and warranted by the overmnasterimg issue and our ciipled party condition to assume thme resp)onsibility of calling a State Rlepublican convention to meet t Columibia. S. C.. on Wednesday. 'ebuar'v (,189:;. at 12 mi., to take such a tioni is theC exigenc(y denmands. "Eaich .ounitV will be entitled to the same number of delegates and alter n'tes as it has mnem bers of the General Assembl, and where not othiei'wise rovided a mtass meeting to elect- dete ates should be held at the county seat n eah cunt onSatrday, Febuary --The ver'v life of sutfrage in this State is at stake and other' cherished rights and interests are imperilled. The time for organization is so short that thme ministers of the State must be aupealed to and depenided upon to bing to the knowledg.' of thme people the vital and transcendent i.sues that are involved ini the constitutional con vetioni schieme andm~ the necesity of sendingz as delegates the best obtain able men. "SigniediE. M. Brayton. W. B. Anderson. R. EL. Hart. E. H. Coit. . R. Wilson. .1. C. D~aniels. R. W. Memi miniiger. v. P. C'layton. F. ii. Gregory. Frank Nicholds. C. F. Hlolmies, L. D). Melton. 8. H1. Nix. .1. W. Morris, GeCor'ge WV. Murray. Sinmeon Corley, .1. C. Hunter. F. M. Prickett. W. W. Rsell. T. A. ()wdomn. C. C. Johnson." TumE Greenville News says "the lat set rumliori fr'om Washington is that the p)resenit Congress willnot adopt a titancial systemi. offering any sub stantial relief, and that the President intends to call the new Congress in extra session ear'ly in Marchm. We would not besuiiised( to tind this sto ry verified by developments. No Con grss has ever sat which had bigger opportunities or' has done less than the present onie. The House has been a mob controlled by nobody and the Senate has been' a ring bossed by the trusts and ags nts of the trusts. No A PATRIOTIC LETTER. Colonel Thomas., of Colnnmbia, Pleads for White Unity. To the Editor of The State: The cir cular letter of a committee of Repub licans, calling for a convention of that party with the view of meeting the is sues of the Constitutional convention, suggests to my mind the duty of the hour on the part of the white people of South Carolina. It is not my purpose to review the State politics for the past four event ful years. What is known as the Re form movem'ent has developed princi ples and policies of government and phases of sentiment that have not commended themselves to my judg ment. But I have been far from con sidering it an unmixed evil. I have seen in it germs, which. rightly culti vated, would promote the good of the commonwealth. When the sober sec ond thought of the whole white people of the State shall assert itself, as I firmly believe it will, I cannot but be lieve that the resultant of the recent opposing forces will be the good of South Carolina. But letting, thte dead past bury its dead, what is the duty of the present and the suggestion of the future? We must extract trom the, legislation of the four years past all that is valuable, and promote for the advantage of the State all pending measures. The great impending. open measure is the call for a Constitutional onvention. Although admitting that the time for such a convention is in ome respects inopportune, yet I have favored the call for one weighty rea on. There is the imperious necessity that devolves upon us to put at once upon a granite base the question of white supremacy in South Carolina. rhere should be provision for such su premacy in the fundamental law of the State. I am for meeting this issue oldly before the whole country. Let it be understood that it is the purpose of the white race in this State, :onformably to the constitution of the United States which it is our duty and ur necessity to hold inviolate, to fix hite supremacy in our organic laws. How this is to be done is for the con vention, after grave deliberation and wise consultation, to devise. It is not For me or for any one citizen to antic ipate the solution of so great a ques Jion of statesmanship. But one thing is certain. If there was ever a time for the union of the white people of the State, now is the time. Let us meet this proposed Re publican organization by such a coun ter organization as will make a re united Democracy irresistable, and re legate forever to the rear the exponents f a party that would rear again its "miscreated front" in our old State. No greater work can address itself to the mission of statesmen than the Framing of a constitution for a free State. Hence it goes without saying that the approaching Constitutiona ,onvention calls for the purest, ablest -md-wisest men that a united Democ racy canfer. Let the selection be made regardless of-faction, and with thek rledgemenido'4he- 'isiple that minorities have rights which should be conceded and views which should be respected. I do not propose to enter now into details I am sug gesting what seems to me the dictate of patriotism for South Carolina. In South Carolina there are laws en acted and policies established which do iot command the approval of good pol.Btit is wise to accept the verict of the white majority and agree to trust to time for such modifictions as may be expected. For one, I have faith in the white people of my State. As one who has identified himself wholly with neither of the factions of the Democracy. I have the right to make my plea as I do here for a reunion of the Democracy of the State upon the basis of peace with honor as to the past and of concerred action for the future, so that South Carolina may attain the blessings of unity and prosper itv and make sure the foundations ofhiet staieship for all time. Under ordinar' ...rcumstances the writer would not rude his views upon the public. Bit as it is, it seems to him that at this juncture of our State affairs, when some people ma~v be contemplating an unhallowed allh ance, it is the duty of independent cit izenship that knows no ambition but the weal of the State to assert itself in the expression of matured views. I have undertaken only to foreshad ow a policy. I am willing for it to go for what it is intrinsically worth. JoHN P. THOMAS. Columbia, S. C., Jan. 7, 1895. Comparisons in Cotton. NEW ORLEANs, J~m. 10.-The cot ton statement just issued by the New Orleans Cotton Exchange shows: De liveries from the State of Texas for the four months of this season to De cember 31st. 2,268,457 bales against 1.497565 bales for the same time last season, making a net increase of 770, S61 bales. The deliveries at the Texas seaboard show an increase of 401,155 bales. The shipments via Cairo and St. Louis were 116,017 bales: to New Orleans 243,722 bales, and rail ship mets to Mexico 22,400) bales, while the sh ipments across the Mississippi river north of St. Lou is have decreased 12,53:3 bales. The deliveries from the State of Texas from and after January 1. last year 561,404 bales, the comnmer cl crop of Texas last year having been 2,059,040. The statement giving an analysis of the movement of cotton in sight di vides the cotton belt into three groups. viz: First-Texas and Indian Terri tory. Second-Other Gulf States, em bracing Arkansas, Louisiana. Mississ ippi and Tennessee: Third-Atlantic States, embracing North Carolina. Georgia and Florida. This analysis shows the crop for the first four months of the season to December 31. inclusive, as follows: Texas 2,355,322 bales, against 1,534,914 in 1893 and 1559,857 in 1892; other Gulf States. 1,941,49 bales, against 1.532955 JM3 and 1,180O 949 in 1892: Atlantic States 2.575,71' against 2,308,233 in 1893. and 2.049.049 in 1892. The statement does not divide Texas and other Gulf States for 1891, the 9,350000 crop year, but it gives the folloing comparisons between this year and 1891: Texas and other Gulf States together, this year. 3,296,801 against :3,812.952 in 1891; Atlantic States, this rear. 2.575.716. against 2.633134 in ~1891. Excess compared with 1891 in Texas and other Gulf States 483.849 dcrease, compared with 1891 in Atlantic States 54,418. The differenice between tihe Texas crop, given above and Texas crop ini sight, onsists of the fact that the Texas crop embraces only cotton actually shipped eut of the State to December 31, whereas, that in sight includes also stocks at interior towns on December 31 in xnce of Septembrr 1. A REPUBLICAN SCHEME TO PERMANENTLY BREAK UP THE SOLID SOUTH. A Vice-President Candidate to be Taken From this Section and a Liberal PoUey Pursued in Reorganizing the Party. The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore Sun gives the follow ing as the Republican scheme in the South in the future: "It is regarded as more than prob ab e next Republican nomin n ice President will be taken from e South. The returns of the last election have given renewed hope to the Republican leaders of makmg serious inroads upon the Solid South. The policy of the party will be to fos ter whatever tendency exists in the South to cut away from the old Demo cratic alliances. To this end liberal appropriations for that section will be made by the next Republican House, and a policy of conciliation will be systematically pursued. There will be no meance of a force bill held out, but everything will be done which indicates a disposition to build up the material interests of the South. Republican leaders have' comato the conclusion that the South once more offers an inviviting field for them. If they can only make a half-dozen States in that section debatable ground, the prospects of the party for supremacy are immeasurably improved. "fter the bitter disappointment causd by the failure of the hopes and the ap tly well-laid plans based upon e reconstruction legisla tion. the South was by tacit consent given up to the Democrats. In all their bedrock calculations from 1680 down, the Republicans, while some times making nominal claims for the sake of effect, have really never taken the South into consideration. ,The history of last November has wrought a marvellous change. Next year, when. the State elections roll around, the Republicans will come up all over the South in compact and well-drilled or ganization. Then candidates will be selected with care, and the party lat forms will be artfully and s'A y constructed for home consumption. This is a matter which is engaging the earnest and constant attention here of the most trusted men at the head of Republican party affairs. "Local Republicans in the South have long lamented their inability to secure a patient hearing or arouse any interest in their cause when they come to Washington. This was not surprising, for, as a rule, they have not been of the type to inire t or confidence, and what ey to propose or suggest carried no insur ance of substantial results. The change in the situation has wrought changein purposeand stimulated hog for te future. The South will looked after as it never was before. The outlines of the improved plan of Republican campa'g ma be briefly sun d. local interests will be aroused, repW57 ble men only will be sought forto put on the tickets, and efforts steadily di rectedtostilland allaylocalprejudices and apprehensions. "The Democrats of the South must be up and doing if they wish to re ' the severe injuries inflicted upontem. this year. If the Republicans in the local elections next year in the South can hold on to whatte cap tured this year, they will be hap. If they succeed in doing better, te will be jubilant. In either event, or. in any event, it has been determmned* tmake a desperate and continunous struggle all along the line for South ern electoral votes in 1896. An im portant means undoubtedly for the accomplishment of this end will be the nomination of a Southernman for Vice President. The Southern horizon will be closely scanned for a Republi can star of thfe first magritude, and little, if any, doubt exists that he will be discovered. "It is not doubted he might be dis covered in Maryland, where there are so many Republicans of the highest character and ability, but Maryland will probably be eliminated from the range of choice, as being too far North. It seems to be accepted almost by com mon consent that in the distinctively Southern States a Republican of character and position is a rara avis. This. more or less, may have been the case'in the past. It is very doubtful whether the proposition is tenable now or has been in recent periods. "It has long been contended by the shrewdest politicians of both parties that the enormous preponderance of the party in the South would lessen inevitably with the diminishing signi ficance of the race question. Wheth er so or not, Republican policy 'will proceed on this fine. No distrust is felt as to the right man being found if. as now believed, party interest de, mands him when the moment for act ion arrives. It was affirmed with much confidence today that the names of eight or ten men could be mentioned each of whom would am ply meet all the requirements of the situation. More will come to the front in due time. These new moves on the political chessboard 7,iii add gat'iering interest to the preliminaries as well as the active operations of the next Pesiakatial campaign. in Editor in a Scrape. CHAI:T. )TTE. N. C., Jan. 10.-A spe cial to th2 Observer from Rutherford ton. N. C., savs that Editor D. J. Car ter, of the He~rald of that place, was arrested this morning, charged with throwing rocks last nmght through the windows of the otfice of the Ruther fordton Democrat. Witnesses who heard the crashing of the glass swore that they saw the prisoner and identi fied him as the offender. Carter testi fied that hie saw a man throwing rocks throwing rocks through the windows of the Democrat office and himself threw a rock at tbis man as ne fled and at this juncture the witnesses came upon01 him and he was too much excit ed to explainl. In default of bail in $300) Carter was committed to jail. Wins its suit. NEW YORK, Jan. 10.-A jnry in the United States Circuit Court, before Judge Lacombe to-day, rendered a verdict for the plaintiff for the full amount sued for, with interest from 1891, in thecase of the Exchange Bank of Yorkville S. C., against Hubbard, Price & Co., commission brokers, of this city. The amount of the judge ment -ith interest is over $10,000. The action was brought through the allegred breach of promise of the de fend'ants to accept two drafts on the bank for $7.400 and $750, drawn by Hope & Co. of Yorkville, S. C., dated respectively October 9 and October 10, 1 S113