VOL. X. __MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1894. ___NO. 19.
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLI
BOTH HOUSES ORGANIZE AND PRC
CEED TO BUSINESS.
Electing Officers and Drawing for Seat
Speaker Jones Re-elected- Dr. Pope Prr
sents a Petition--A Number of Bll]
Introduced.
CoLwmBIA. S. C., NoV. 2.-Bot:
Houses of the General Assembly nie
in annual session yesterday at nooi
and proceeded to organize. In th
Senate, after prayer, the organizatio1
of the body wasbegun by calling th
roll of the okf members. The ne
members were then called up, rangei
in a semi-circle in front of the Presi
dent's desk and sworn in. Senato
John R. Harrison, of Greenville, wa
elected as president pro tem.
The election of clerk of the Senat
to succeed Dr. Sampson Pope wa
then in order. -Senator Mayfiel
nominated Gen. R. R. Hemphill. Sen
ator Byrd Mr. R. M. McCown, aii
Senator Efird Mr. J. A. Sligh. Thl
vote on the first ballot was as follows
For Hemphill-Barnweli, Barton
Brice, Buist, Dennis, Fuller, Mayfield
Miller. McCalla. McDaniel, Morris, Ra
gin, Sanders, Turner, Wilson-15.
For McCown-Brown, Byrd, "Der
ham, Finley, Harrison. Kirkland
Stackhouse, Verdier, Williams-9.
ForSligh-Douglass, DuBose, Efird
Jordan, Mauldin, Moses. Mower
O'Dell, Sloan, Stribling, Watson-11
On the second ballot these changei
from McCown to Hemphill: Brown
Finley, Verdier and Williams, whici
with the vote of Senator Walker, whi
came in after the first ballot. gaV
Lim 20 votes. These chanced froir
MJcCown to Sligh; Byrd. Derham
Harrison, Kirkland and Stackhouse
giving him 16. The distinguished ed
itor of the Abbeville Medium was ac
cordingly declared elected clerk, an<
came forward to take the oath of office
For the position of sergeant-at arms
J. C, Elliot, incumbent, and J. E
Smith were nominated. The vote ws
Elliot. 29; Smith, 8.
For reading clerk. W. H. Stewart
R L. Gunter and N. K. Perry wer<
nominated. It was proposed thai
each candidate be given a trial a
reading. This was done and after.
wards a vote taken, which resulted il
Stewart receiving 28 and Gunter anc
Perry 4 each. The body showed 2
proper discrimination.
The President of the Senate was au
thorized to make the same numberani
character of appointments as at th
sessions of 1892 and 1893.
The same rules which governed th<
Senate at the last session were adopt
ed.
President Timmerman announce<
the following appointments:
Journal clerk, Jesse T. Gantt; door
keepr, Thomas Whittle; assistant, J
R. oyles; bill clerk, E. A. Perry
door-keeper in gallery, Marion Dorn
assistant, S. M. Scott; pages, Ed L
McDaniel and Caldwell Smith; posta
clerk, E. 0. Jenkins.
The committee which waited ox
Governor Tilman returned and in
formed the Senate that the Governo
would communicate with the Senat<
to-day.
The Senate was ready toadjourn un
til today, but Senator Mower hac
something to say before it quit busi
ness. He arose and introduced a peti
tion signed by Dr. Sampson Pope.
This petition sets forth that the re
cent election for Governor was an ille
gal and fraudulent one and in viola
tion of the Constitutions of this Stat4
and of the United States.
The petition next charges manager
of the election with all kinds of frauds
even to taking Pope ballots out o:
boxes and substituting Evans ballot:
in their places. Supervisors of regis
tration are also charged with fraud
and the indictment includes might:
near everybody in the State excep
those who voted for Pope.
John L. M. Irby, Governor Tiliman
Senator John Gary Evans~ and th
County Democratic Executive Comn
miittees, are charged with being partie
to frauds. Governor Tillmnan i
charged with backing up the allege<
frauds by the use of- officers of th,
law.
Dr. Pope most solemnly declare:
that had it not been for these fraud
he would have gotten there like El
and would have been the next Gover
nor. Dr. Pope says he stands read:
to p rove these frauds.
Accomanyig the petition was
concurrent 1~esolution that Dr. Pop<
-be heard before each body of the Gen
eral Assemibly and that he have powe:
to summon witnesses to prove his alle
gations; that pending said contests th<
returns for Governor shall not b<
opened and tabluated.
The petition and the concurren
resolution will go to the Committee or
Privilege and Elections whein it is ap
pointed.
THE HOUSE OP.GANIZED.
The first business in the House afte:
the members had been sworn in an<
had sioned the roll was the election o
a Spealer. Hon. Ira B. Jones of Lan
caster was nominnated for re-election
No one else was nominated and Mr
Jones received every vote cast. In ac
cepting the position Mr. Jones made
rrraceful and appropriate speh to th<
IIouse. He thanked the boy for th<
honor and said that the gratitude h<
felt was intensified by the fact that th<
election was so unanimous and hearty
He thought from what he could see o
the body over which he was to presid
that the State was in honorable an
patriotic hands.
"The first businessbeforethe House,
sai Speker Jones, "is the election o
The nominees for this poition wer'
Gen. J. W. Gray, incumbent, and Mr
GeogeR. Koester editorof the Colum
bia eostr. General Gray was nomi
nated %yRepresentaie Watson o
Anderson.
Mr. Koester was xtominated by Rep
resentative McLaurixn of Marion.
The vote resulted 110 to 11 in favo:
of General Gray and he was declare<
electe&3~
For Sergeant-at-Arms, the presen
incumbent, Mr. Stansell, was opr~ose<
by Messrs. McCarley and Bullock
T'he vote resulted: Stansell 90, Bullocd
30, McCarley 14.
At this point a messenger was an
nounced from the honorable Senate
This messenger was Clerk Hemphill
who stated to the House that the Sen
ate was organganized and ready foi
ousmness.
The House proceeded with its elec
tions. RaigCler Withers, 2
most efficient ofcer, was re-electec
without opposition.
For Chaplain of thd House two bal
lots were necessary before Rev. L. T
Carroll was elected. ~The nominee
weeRev. E A. Wingnrd Re. .T. H.
Tillinghast and Rev. L. T. Carroll.
The first ballot resulted: Tillinghast
32, Carroll 37, Wingard 30. The see
-ond ballot resulted: Tillinghast 25.
Carroll 68, NWingard 30.
Speaker Jones made the following
appointments at the sane ine stating
that the remaider of the positions
would befilled to-day: Assistant Clerk,
S. W. Vance: Journal Clerk. W. W.
Rice: Bill Clerk. T. C. Hamer: Keeper
of the Speaker's Room. Jiames W.
Gary: Doorkeepers. J. R. Witherspoon
Peter Sanders, Hugh W. Toylor.
The usual connittee was appointed
to wait upon the Governor and it re
turned with a message that he would
communicate with the House to-day.
The House had more fun than a
little drawing for seats after it had
finished its other work. Under the
rules the names of the counties are put
in a hat. A slip is drawn out. The
county whose name is on it has first
choice at seats: the secon count v s;econd
choice: the third county has tIird and
so on. The members pick their seats
and always take what they think are
the best.
York County won the first choice in
the drawing, Clarendon secured second
and Kershaw third. The members of
these counties all picked good seats
near to and on the centre aisle and
about mid war up the aisle. Charles
ton was near the last and the Barnwel I
delegation got last choice. They had
to take seats wherever any were left
and are a badly divided lot of men.
ASHES AND TWISTED IRON.
All that Remains of the Wrecked s. C. and
Ga. Train.
COLUMBIA, S. C.. Dec. 1.-The State
yesterday morning gaveall the details
possible concerning the terible acci
dent which befell the night fast nil
train on the South Carolinia and Geor
gia road, while en route from Charles
ton to this city. just about a mile be
low Kin-ville, a station about thirty
miles below Columbia. But the half
was not told. All that now reniais
of the handsome train, which was fly
iig along the track about 9:45 o'dlock
on Thanksgiving night, is a little pile
of ashes and some twisted steel and
iron. The wreck. strange as it may
seem, entails a loss of 75,G00 oil the
railroad company. There was one
coach on the train-the first class car
-which was worth A.20.00. being the
finest that the company possessed. It
seems a perfect miracle that not a sin
gle life should have been lost, when
the circumstances are considered. The
I ugliest featureof the whole affair is
that the wreck was the result of a deli
berate attempt on the part of some
fiend to throw the train down an em
bankment at the most dangerous spot
on the road, for the accident was due
to an open switch, and it was soon dis
covered that the switch had not only
been thrown open, but had been
wedged so that it would remain open.
The place where the accident occur
red was just where the "Y" turns off
from the main line leading to the
Camden branch. Just at this point is
the highest embankment on the line
of the road. The train, in charge of
Conductor Speisigger and Engineer.
Heap. was speeding along here at the
rate of thirty miles an hour, there be
ing a good load of passengers aboard
the first-class car. The engineer is a
very careful man. The engine hit the
open switch and flew the track. It ran
along the cross ties about 25 yards.
and then keeled over. rolling down
the enbankment and turning complete
ly over. The engineer ducked is
head down close to his seat and
stuck to his box. That was ,all that
saved his life, for the comminationl
mail and express coach came down on
the engie, the express end crusing
truhthe top of the cab and resting
aginst the firebox, while the rest was
high in the air. The combination bag
gage and second-class coach rain half
way down, but rested against a tele
graph pole and stopped. TIhe first-class
coach was derailed and the air breakes
falling suddenly by the severance of
the pipes, the lives of the passengers
were thereby saved. Those in the first
class car sprang to tihe door to see
flames issuing from the cars down the
embankmnent and spreading with r'e
markombte activity. They had caughlt
frmtefirebox and the overturned
stoves. All sought. immediately for
the injured. All breathed easier wHen
thley found that tihe enigineer had
crawled out, with but a few scratches
through a hole in his cab, that Express
Messenger J. M. Collins w~as all right,
and that all theother occupants of tile
forward cars had escaped unhurt. Tihe
express messenger- went back into the
burning car and pulled out his safe
and what bundles he could. Tile rest
was all destroyed. All thle baggage
and effects of thle passengers were
saved. All of the contents of the mail
car were saved. In a very few mo
ments the flames hlad spread over all
the cars and it w~as but a very little
while before tihe entire train was de
stroyed.
The passengers walked about a mile
uptoth station at Kingville. Tihe
special train, whlich left here about
1 1:45 arrived, and taking them aboalrd,
came on back to the city, reaching
here at 3 a. m. There was real thanks
giving expressed by every one ab~oard
-the ill-fated train that no onle hlad
been injured in the terrible accident
of Thanksgiving night.-State.
The Bicycle Girl's~ Costumie.
The sensational *World newspaper
ispbihng many columns of letters
dailbfr nd againlst the use of bicv
'ces byvwomen. "Is bicycling immod
est ?'" Is the question d'ebated. Some
of the critics declare that they could
notpossibly fall in love with a girli on
a wheel-s'he looks too masculine by
far. Others says thlat young mnh
teach young girls to ride and hlug
them, unlder the pretense that they arie
merely keeping them from fallhng off
-which is just awful, of course. Oth
ers are shocked at the sight of "'bloom
er" flirting up and downI tile avenues.
although the e nothing improper
in the bathing suits worn at tile sea
shore. Now there is no denving that
the "bloomer," costume in t'he eyes of
a Christian is the very ugliest a girl
can wear. The prettiest -girl in the
world with a cap) on her hlead, heri
trousers stuffed in her boots, a-s it wer'e
and working away on the pedals of aI
bicyle for dear life looks like a fool.
But that costume is not immodest and,
besides, very few womfen hlere w~ear it.
Most of them wear long skirts. sit upl
straight on their wheels andl move
along the roads with a grace and dig
nit which puts to shlame the frog-like
gyrations of the mlale riders.
In some portions of Texas it does not
ay to have the cotton picked and it is
eng allowed to fall out on tile ground:
and in some portions of Oregon, fields
of wheat, containing hundred of acres
-ar tnnharvested.
HIS LAST MESSAGE.
GOV. TILLMAN ADDRESSES THE LEG
ISLATURE THE LAST TIME.
.k Report that Will be Read With Interest
l)y all, Whether Conservative or Till
iniite-What the Governor Kas to Say
About Pnblie Matters.
GENTLE:4EN OF THE GENERAL As
SEXILY: I herewith present to your
honoriable bodies this my fourth and
last Annual Message. Since my in
duction into office four years ago, the
atdministriation of the executive De
panrtmnt has been beset with difficul
ties. Complex problems have forced
themselves forward for solution; re
forms of a radical nature have been
accomplished; abuses of long stand
in- have been corrected, or attempted
to be corrected, and the natural result
has been that the period from March,
1S90, to 1895 has been one of intense
political activity, and will mark an
epoch in our ainals to which the fu
ture historian of the State must devote
more than a passing glance. During
this time there has been no perfunct
or' perforiance of routine otficial du
ties in the Executive office. The irre
roible' conflict between capital and
Inlabor-between the cor rations and
mloney on the one hand, and the peo
ple on the other--which is fast mar
shaling the American people into op
pi)Ong )oAitical armies, has been
vaged here in South Carolina with
relentless fury. But, thank God,
Machiavelian cunning and unscrupu
lous political methods have been met
by honest patriotism and unflinching
regard for duty. The people have sus
tained our ettorts to make reform
mean something, and the victory has
been with the State administration in
every essential particular. The cor
pora'tions have been forced to bow to
the rule of right and justice. The law
less have been taught that a statute of
the State cannot with impunity be an
nulled by a mob. Equalitv of 'burden,
with eqaity of benetit ana equality of
opportumty, is now more nearly a
rule than at any other period in our
recent history; and the march of
rogress, while over rough roads has
een steady. The people of the ?tate
govern: the majority rules, and the
advance in education, in temperance,
in all that goes to make up a higher,
better civihzation and a more prosper
ous. happy people, is marked. No un
prejudiced man can deny it. No
truthful man who will deaf with facts
will deny it.
The representatives of the once priv
ileged classes will protest most vehe
mently. The newspapers owned or
subsidized by the liquor dealers will
continue to' howl and gnash their
teeth in rage that the godless traffic is
being slowiy but surely taken from
their patrons and confined within rea
sonable and lawful bounds. But the
great mass of plain, business working
men and farmers know that what I
state is true.
I cannot expatiate or go into details,
but a brief recapitulation of the things
which have been acoomplished by the
Reform movement in South Carolina
can best show the truth of what I as
sert. They are:
1st. The erection and endownment
of Clemson College.
2d. The overthrow of the Coosaw
mnonoplv.
3d. The just and equitable assess
ment of taxes on railroads and other
corporatioins, and the victory in the
Courts compelling them to pay.
4th. The passage of the Dispensary
law and the destruction of the bar
rooms.
5th. Refunding of the State debt,
which saves $78,000 a yeai in interest.
6th. The establishment of the Win
throp Normal and Industrial College
for Women.
7th. Election of the Railroad Com
missioners by the people, and allow
ing them to fix passenger and freight
rates.
8th. The inauguration of the Pri
mxar'v system of p)arty nominations
for all offices in the gift of the people.
The last is not a function of govern
ment, and belonigs rather to party
management; but by and through it.
aind the battle fought to obtain it, all
the i-est have come. By those who
have foug-ht us so doggedly it will be
charged thiat the uimty of the white
iace has been destroyed, the Demo
cratic party riven asunder, and the
kindly feeling of our people for each
other i-eplaced by factional bitterness
and strife.
Be it so. The blame rests with those
who, 'while claiming to represent the
masses, were enti-enchied in our high
places as the tools of corporations,
and advocates of special privileges for
the few and political slavery and fi
nancial servitude for the many. Per
ish the Democratic party of both the
State and Nation, if Democracy does
not mean the greatest good to the
greatest number, and the rule of the
majority. Let white unity go if the
b)ond~ which binds us is not that of
brethren with equal rights, but links
aristocratic privilege and the claim of
inheritance by- divine right, to a ser
vile surrender of the rights of free
men. The National Democracy be
trayed the p~eople and broke all of its
pledges. It ha~s been given a deserved
chastisement, if not a death stroke, by
the voters. But the State Democracy,
although stabbed in the back by white
men calling themselves "our best peo
ple" and the only "true Democrats,"
has triumphed over Bourbonism and
treachery. The presence in these halls
of an increased number of Reformers
show that the people are content with
the Government as it has been admin
istered, and intend to continue the
poiey I have pursued. Freedom and
tyranny cannot revolve in the same
orbit in an elective government, un
less the tyrant is on top. The position
having been inverted by the election
of 1890. placing the free people on top
and the tyrants below, the natural Re
publicans among our white people
the believers in special privileges and
class legislation-have sloughed off
into a party of their own and have,
gone to thie negroes at last. They
have not b~eeni content, however, to
go in decent silence and vote as they
pleased. But remembering the possi
b~ilities of the election machinery of
their own contrivance, and how they
had cheated in elections in the past,
they have raised one general cho
rue'of "Fraud:" "Fraud: all over the
State: aiid this without producing any
reputable witnesses to prove a single
allegation, and in face of the fact that
no miotive for fraud is shown, and the
vote the slightest on record.
It is a disgraceful spectacle that
South Carolinians willI so slander
their own State; but political malice
a great deal of noise in the public h
prints. The Courts are open to them, a
the law provides for contests before t
the County Canvassers and State e
Board. But they have not dared at- t
tack the legality of the election before c
either tribunal, except at a few pre- b
cincts wlich could not change the re- )
sult. They simply charge fraud over v
anonymous signatures, or through the e
mouths of brazen tools bought to do t
the dirty work of slander. ai
This cry of fraud, under the circum- tl
stances, can only emanate from hearts E
reeking with fiendish malice and en- <
vy, or it is paid for by the whiskey s
ring, which organized the bolt and a
furnished the campaign fund. The G
vote was very light, because the Peo- ai
pe were not aroused and did not
ow of the intended couP) d'etat of s
the allied Republicans and independ- h:
ents; but when it is remembered that b:
the same managers who returned Ev- ti
ans' majorities returned large adverse a,
votes against the Constitutional Con- ci
vention, which was specially linked t'
to his candidacy, it can be seen how re
unreasonable and false is the accusa- tl
tion of ballot box stuffing and false ul
counting. If there had ben any cou- <
certed or organized purpose to cheat h
among the managers, these contra
dictor - votes would not have been re
turne. I assert that the election was c
as fair and marked by as few irregu
larities as any ever held in the State
since the reconstruction period.
But I cannot refrain from congrat
ulating the people upon the opportu- c
nity now offered, after long, weary in
years of waiting and struggle, to put h
our beloved State beyond the reach of tl
ignorance and vice in controlling elec
tions. fa
The Constitutional Convention has sc
been called by popular vote, though o,
by a small majority. It will be your P:
dity to provide for the election of del- ni
egates to it, and to appropriate a sum tl:
of money for defraying its expenses. ec
This is an additional achievement, by b<
and through the Reform movement, C
which will have more to do with the c<
future weal and woe of our common- rw
wealth than any or all the rest I have m
heretofore enunmerated. It is a fitting te
capstone to the triumphal arch which F
the common people have erected to G
liberty, progress and Anglo-Saxon S,
civilization since 1890. , %V
There is one aspect of the conven- b
tion expenses to which I would direct u:
your attention: The per diem of its bi
members should be not more than oi
two dollars per day and one railroad oi
mileage to and from Columbia. If the
people are wise, they will select, for tv
the difficult and delicate task of fram- w
ing a new Constitution, the very wis- g4
ect, purest and best men we have, and c
pay them only enough to defray act- bi
ual expenses. In the very nature of ki
thing, the Constitution to be framed c(
will larely the work of a few lead- vi
ers, and the main business of the
-reat majority of the delegates will 01
eto discuss, and reject or adopt, the h
suggestions thus presented. This will it
be a work of considerable length, but U
it will be done much sooner and bet- w
ter, and the work will be pressed to
conelunion at much less cost to the nm
taxpayers, if every delegate is made h4
to contribute his time free of cost to ti
the State. Any man who is not will- fi
ing to attend to this patriotic work at di
actual cost to himself is unworthy to e(
sit in the body. '%V
If this suggestion is followed, there it
will be no temptation to prolong the it
session. Every one will work to get a:
through as soon as possible. S1
It is not desirable that the work tI
should be hurried, but it is altogether b
necessary to have it cost as little as sI
possible. a:
THE DISPENSARY LAW.
I have mentioned the Dispensary
law as one of the measures which will
signalize the Reform administration. a:
I speak advisedly when I say .that noh
new and untried experiment in legis- d
lation has ever gained so many friends tc
in so short a time and taken such deep 01
root in the popular heart. The law ti
has come to stay, and it will depend c(
on its enforcement and administration al
whether it shall spread to other States ~
or not. It is the one question of great- tc
est public interest at this time, and I ?
shall necessarily devote much space ir
toit. ni
The liquor dealers have resisted its ai
enforcement and tried to evade it by fi
every device that cunning and gr-eell tI
can suggest; and they have had as ac
tive sympathizers a 'large proportion 0
of the people and police of nearly all
the cities and towns in the State. ol
There have been some notable and e
praiseworthy exceptions, and I take a
pleasure in mentioning Abbeville. d(
Chester, Edgefield and Ofrangeburg as
affording no aid or comfort to the il- n~
licit sellers of liquor, except during fI
the time when the law was suspended tI
by the action of the Supreme Court. A
The statute, as amended by the last "
Legislature, has proven veiry .satisfac- c(
tory as a means of stopping the illicit al
traffic, but there are some defect-s tI
which I shall point out later on, and If
recommended changes to correct them. Ii
As soon as the General Assembly t(
adjourned aind the new D~ispensary C
Act went into effect, I set about act- hL
ively to enforce it to the letter. De- gi
tectives were employed to obtain evi- hb
dence, the constabulary was increased a:
by adding picked men to the force, 01
and a vigorous crusade begun to drive l
the "blind tigers" from the State. If G
it had not been for the animosities en- s
gendered by politics, and the determni- u
nation of political partisans to sustain di
the liquor dealers in every way possi- ei
ble, it is not likely that the tragedy a
which followed would have ever oc
curred. Some of the newspapers be- f~
gan early in January to educate the a1
public mind to resistance to the search
ing of private dwellings; and men G
were taught to believe that this was
an invasion of their liberties to which s
they should not submit. It is needless Ii
to show the fallacy of this contention, T
becauseit is readify seen that if a man tI
may turn his private dwelling Et a Ic
den from which he can sell liqju r, r 01
a depot from which to supply it, uth
out the right to search and seize it
under warrant, the law would be a
nullity. ci
There is every evidence going to p
show that there was a preconcerted
arrangement or conspiracy, with ram- h<
ifications in many counties, to precip- to
itate a conflict with the constabl es,and a:
by butchering them intimidate others e~
from carrying out the law. The pur- fu:
pose of those directing the conspiracy a:
was, to inflame the public mind to of
such an extent that the militia could Se
not be relied upon to assist the civil gr
authorities, and thus to bring the law w'
and State Government into contempt. lv
The place selected to precipitate the ti
conflict was Darlington. One of the1 ar
constables stationed~ at this point re-1c
ported the bold and open violation of of
the law and asked for assistance. or
Three picked men were sent him the co
st week in March. When these four
tempted to execute search warrants.
icy were hooted, jeered at and treat
I with every indignity, and forced
retire from the streets to prevent a
niflict. I telegraphed Chief Consta
e Gaillard. in Charleston. to go to
arlington with all available nien,
hich he did, carrying with him
iough men to make his force in all
rent -two. Some few of these were
-med with Winchesters, but most of
em had only their private side arms.
c called on the Sheriff to assist in q
rving )rocesses, and used every pos
ble precaution to prevent a conflict I
ith the citizens; and the Attorney
eneral was sent to the spot to advise 0
id direct his movements.
The conspirators had armed them- J
Ives with improved weapons. and
id called in reinforcements fron the 1
trkeepers and their hangers-on from
e neighboring towns of Florence '
id Sumter. A. mass meeting of the
tizens of three places was held in C
e Court House at Darlington, an-d
solutions were pasc denouncing 2
e searching of private residences.
ider whatever circumstances. as an 3
t of tyranny, to be resisted at all
7ards. 3
On Thursday, the 29th. I received
telligence of such a trieatening
aracter that I wired Capt. Thomas.
the local military company, to keep l
s men under arms and o10k himself
.bject to the orders of the Sheriff.
a very little while I received advi
s thata mob had broken into the ar
ory of the Darlington Guards. and
d taken their guns; and fearing that C
e local company could not be relied
)on, I ordered the Sumter Light In- 0
ntry to proceed to Darlington as
on as possible by special train. This C
der was promptly obeyed, the coi
ny reachingg tliere thursday eve- 5
ng. The state of excitement among
e citizens was intense, and I expect- J
I every moment that a conflict would
brou~-ht on: but I insisted that the
bief &onstable and Sheriff should 4
mplete the service of all search war
nts. I was on my way to attend a I
eeting of the Cleinson~College Trus
es when these telegrams were sent. h
riday morning early, the Attorney
eneral advising it, I ordered the I
imter company home. I have al
avs regretted doing this. because I I
4leve tlat, had they remained there
itil the constables had left, the fire- C
ands who were spurring the citizens
i to resistance, and trying to bring o
i a riot. would have failed.
With the conflict at the depot be- I
een the citizens and the constables
ho had finished their work and had r
)ne to take the train and were fol- i
wed by the citizens, and the riot t
-ou rht on in which two citizens were a
11 and two wounded, and one t
nstable killed and two wounded. one
,rv seriously-every one is familiar. a
T'he whiskey rebelion had broken c
it in full fury; and for twenty-four d
)urs men held their breaths.not only 4
. this State but throughout the whole S
nited States, for it appeared that we S
ere or. the verge of civil war.
Fearing trouble, I had cut short a
y visit t- Clemson and hurried t
me Frida'v. I had scarcely reached i:
e Executive Mansion when, at ,
e o'clock P. M., I received a
spatch announcing the terrible trag
L. And then the conspiracy,
hich had its orgin in the false teach
gof the newspapers, began to unfold
elf. Dispatche s flew thick and fast. e
id into every town and oamlet in the s
ate, reached by a telegraph wire. 1
te news was flashed that the Constai- x
.e had provoked the conflict and
ot down the citizens in cold blood, t
id were being pursued by two hund
d armed men to be lynched when z
.ught.
To me there was but one course open.
id that was to restore order- and u.
re the .Jaw obeyed. I imme- a
ately provided a special traini ta
leave Columbia for the sceneC
the disturbance, and orderedn
e three companies in this city, the e
>m pany at Sumter and the company S
Manning. to get ready. The orders y
re extended to General Farley and a
Colonel Wilie Jones, and theyr
re urged to hurry. The conspirators t
this city which seems to have im- d
ediately become headquarters, setr
tivelv to work to seduce the soldiers
om their allenrice, and to prevent
em from obeying. the order. A largea
ob gathered in front of thme armorya
the only company. the Governor's y
uards, which really attempted to
>ey the order. Inflammatory speech-t
ere made byv leading citizens. Alls
annerof inceudiarvtalik was indulg
lin. Threats to burn the Sta te Dis
~niary were madle, and there were e
any who, listening to thme threats p
eely spoken, were even alar'med for -
.e safety of the Governor iimiself. e
t 9 o'ckl>ck I was informed by Colonel e
>es that the men would not, or
uld not, obey the order, and shortly a
terwards I received a telegram from e
e Captain of the Sumter Light In- i
ntry, stating that his c'ompaniy ladt
keise refused togo. iIt is but just i
say here that the next morning e
pt. iPhelps reported that his company c
id returned to their senses, and would a~
to Darlington. They were not sent. 1
it kept at home to preserve the peace, b
id did good service in guarding sonie
the Constables and protecting the s
ispensary.) I immnediately ordered i
eneral Farley to proceed with the s
ecial tri-n to Char-leston, picking s
the Manning conipany as he wvent k
>w, and telegraphed General Hugu- t
tn to order the Fourth Brigade under n
is. About half-past 2 o'clock Sat- b
day morning I received an unsatis- s
cto~ry reply from that officer, and e
at day the following: e
"CHIARLESTON, S. C., March 31. 1894. f;
ov. B. R. Tilhnan, Columbia, S. C. ti
"No company in this command will 3
stain the Constabulary in their met- i
>ls of enforcing the Dispeiisar-v law. r
his bi'igade will uphold and defend a
e honor of the State, but will not. ti
d( itself to foment civil war among a
ir own brethmrini.
" Brigadier-General." a
This will show~ the temper- and insol- n
ie of the political war-riors who comn- f<
sed the city companies.p
I had been endeavoring for nine t,
urs to get some of our boasted mnilitia tl
move to the point of disturbance el
md restore the peace; and to their S
erlasting disgrace be it said, for thet c
st time in their history, thme oldest si
d( most noted military organizations ti
the State refused to obey order. eC
turday morning, as sooins the telo- w
aph oflices were opened, dis.patchles ri
yre sent to the Captains o near- 51
every accessible company mi g
e State. ordering their men unider n
ns. and to await orders. Six other mi
npnies refused to obey,. or their ci
icers irefused to extenedI the di
der, but the ofiicers of my ir
mnis renanidcd promptly. n<
special trai is were arraned
or oin the varsous lines of road leadin
o Colnnbia. ai(l anid all of the men
rest of the Santee and Wateree Rivers
vere ordered to rendezvous at Coluin
ia at the ear!ist iomijeit possible. As
n iatter of record and a just recogni
i0on of their patriotic respoise to the
all o" duty, I give the names of the
everal coiniaids. with the names of
heir camI o i diii_n, oflicers:
''iANIZED MILITIA.
3aniiing Guarls. Capt. W. C. Davis.
otlicers anidi men.
Morgani Rites. Capt. W. S. .li]chell.
o fIEliCerS an1d 11'ell.
Maxwe ll Guards. Capt. F. S. Evans.
0 olicers and enic.
Gordon Light Dragoons. Capt. H.
. Hrve . 21 oiiicers and- nici).
Edgxefield Light Dragoons. Capt. J.
. orker. 13 OflicerS :1nd men.
Darlington Guards. Capt. H. T.
iompsoii. :7ofieers an(I men.
Greenville Guards. Capt. W. P.
oivers. 14 ofiicers and men.
Butler Guards, Capt. J. A. Mooney.
0 oflicers and men.
Dibble Light Dragoons. Capt. B. H.
hss. 31 oflicers aid men.
Salley Rifles. Capt. T. C. Steadman,
2 offIicers aud'imen.
Edgefield Hussars. Capt. S. '". Mays.
2 ollicers and men.
Palmetto Rifles. Capt. A. W. Oak
v. Iso'icers and men.
'Lampton Guards. Capt. J. 0. West
eld. 24 otlicers aid menH.
Sn l Ri.Cat. W. B:, ll
-Iees nd men,.
For't Motte Guard. Capt. R. 31.
laffy, 14 oflicers and men.
Ab!erville Riles. J. L. Perrin. 26
tiecrs and nicii.
Richardson Guards. Capt. F. II.
'ook. 31 officers and ien.
Edgefield Rifles. Capt. R. S. Ander
an. 29 oflicers and men.
First Regiment Calary, Col. W.
Causey, 43 otlicersand men.
VOLUNTEERS.
Tillman Guards. Capt. N. N. Hayden
7 officers and men.
Jacksville Voluenteers. Capt. T. J.
)uckett. 33 officersand men.
Hemphill Rifles. Capt. R. R. Hemp
ill, 7 otliicers and men.
Mountville Volunteers. Capt. B. H.
asley, 47 officers and men.
Gary Evans Volunteers, Capt Nathan
orter. 12 officers and men.
Abbeville Volunteers. Capt. R. E.
ox. 10 officers and men.
Edisto Guards. Capt. J. C. Wise. .33
flicers and men.
Laurens Volunteers, Capt. W. C.
rby, 4G officers and meni.
It is gratifying to not, the fact that
any of the officers and men compos
ng these commands were opposed to
he Dispensary law. but they did not
llow political prejudice to seduce
hem from the discharge of their duty.
The first company reached Columbia
,t 4 o'clock Saturday evenin: others
ame in during the night, and by Sun
.ay evening 19 companies, numbering
75 men, had reachedthe city. .ly
turday I had telegraphed to the
heritfs of Florence and Darlington
ounties to swear in a posse Comitat us
nd find the Constables. and afford
hem protection. The Sheriff of Darl
gton telegraphed me that
te was powerless. and that
othing but troops coald keep
he peace and restore order. Dur
ng Friday night a mob had broken
ato and destroyed or stolen over half
he stock in the Dispensary at Flor
nce belonging to the State. and a
imilar mob, or some of the same, had
oted the Dispensary at Tinmmons
ille.
Feeling that tihe emergency was such
hat I could afford to take no chances,
ndknowing the ugly temper of citi
ens of this city. wuo piassions were
eing lashed into f ary by the utterances
f Tile State newspapeCr. I had on Sat
.rdav telegranhed several of thle most
ccSbible Counities, calling for volun
ers among the citizens to conme to
olumbia aind( sutpport the~ Governi
ent in its ef forts to restore peace and
nforce respect for the law. Dur'ing
aturday night and Sunday these
olunteers, vi-ho had left their business
.t a mloment's notice. to hurry~ to the
endezvous. came pouring inl on every
rain: whiile notices by wire of hun
reads, and even thousands. whlo were
ead' to resp)ond. werse. eeived by
loday mlorning. I had to counter
lan thei ordlers MIonday morlnmg,
nd decliene any furtherassistance btt
bot three hiid~red came ini during
unidary and Sundaiy night. All of
he troops andi' voilnters. as5 fast as
her eached the cit\y were miarchled in
ide the Penitentiar'r walls and placed
nder. the stirtest dliscilpline. Gen. ER.
. Richbourg, who had been given
ommiiiimd. and wh~o deserves great
*rase forii his promplt action :1nd( sol
irel heaimrthroghot the trying
~isi:sdid all that was possible for thiri
omfort. Col. W. A. Neal. the eflicient
iperitenident oif the Penitentiary
nd Cmnumnissa-ry-eneral on my staff.
xertedl imseif to the utmost to furn
hi food and shelter. It was a ihppy
ioughit putttinlg tihe imn ini the Pen
:eitiarv. as therebyv they kept isolat
d. and eon tlict between them and the
itires prevented. And but for the
pl)iaces for cooking which the Pen
tentiarv afflorde'd, it is ditlicult to see
ow the menC~ could have been fed
Sunday morning the news from the
ene of the disturbance was still of
be most disquieting natture. The Conl
tables were said to) be surrouudled:
oe of them were saidl to have been
illed, anid it was reported that it-was
be ixed purpose of the Darlington
ob to ivnlch all. of them: while armed
odies of citizens from14lorence and
unter were rep)ortedl guarding
very road to prevent thleir
scape. General Farley,. having
iled :o get any tr'oops ill Charles
in, dismissed Captain Davis of the
fanninig comipany. ~whohadiii succeededh
: getting together only nine of his
1en,. and1 p)roVceded to Darhington
lone under~ my orders. lie reported
iings quiet in the town. but gave no0
count of tihe Constables.
Saturday morning. realhizIig that I
ad to deal with a dangerous sittuation,.
nd being resolved to iuphold tile dig
itv of the State Goverunient and en
>~ce obedhiecei to tihe las;. I issued a
rolaation, which I had telegraphed
i ad bul~etinied at every station in
1 Conties of Darlinlgtoni and Flor
ic, decl aring thlese Counties in a
tate of insurrection and ordering all
xlril-mindd persons and un~lawful as
mblges to disperse-inl effect p)utting
eim tundher martial lawv. Saturday
eing. finding that special trains1
ere hbeing used1 by the
oters to and from points ini the ini
irrect ~iior' district, and thiat the tele
-ahi wire- were kept hot with sdi
ainer o'f in fianmniatory reports. keep
g the publie mind ini an langry ex
ed state. which thireatened to pro
ice conflict Letw.een citizens of ditfer
g politica.l vaiews at other p)oints, I
)thid il auth.oie of the Coast.
Line Railroad and of thetelegrah com
panies that I took possession of th
telegraph lines and railroad, forbad
the transmission of any messages ex
cept those on business, and ordere<
that no trains should be furnished ex
cept to the State. The telegraph pec
ple objected, the Postal Telegrapl
Company reluctantly yielding obedi
ence: but the Western Union Com
pany had to be served with an injue
tion by Judge Watts, and afterward
I took forcible possession by means o
the military. The railroad authoritie
consented 'cheerfully to comply wit
the ternis of the order, and much credi
is due this line. as well as all others ih
the State, for the hearty co-operatioz
which ther rendered the State Govern
iment in m'oving the nilita and volun
teers.
for evening, having arrange<
for transportation and provided tents
and commissary stores. I ordered Gen
eral Richbourg to take all the uniform
ed companies then in the city excep
two-the Edzetield Rifles and th
Newberrv Rifles-to Darlington bi
special train, which he did, reachin
there at 10 o'clock Sunday night.
cannot go into details of the militar
operations, or rather the occupation c
Darlington and of Florence, durin
the live succeeding days. By Monda
night all of the Constables had bee;
heard from and were safe. This re
lieved my own and the public suspens
very much: and after keeping th
troops at the two points until the Cor
oner's inquest had been held. whici
the constables attended in order t<
testify, and having had a conferenc
with .ome of the leading citizens o
the town of Darlington, from whon
satisfactory assurances were received
the comm'anding General advised m
that peace and' order were restored
and the troops were ordered home, bx
ing brought to Columbia before the;
were dismissed. They were dismisse
on April 7th, having been paid off ii
full. The volunteers and other com
panies which had reached the city a
ter the departure of the troops fo
Darlington on Sunday evening had pre
viously been vaid off, and returned t
their homes on Tuesday. -The tota
cost for transportation, subsistence an<
compensation of the troops for the en
tire affair, including interest till Jan
uary 1st on the money, which I boi
rowed from the Carolina Nationa
Bank, will be $13,898.75. The vouch
ers and all the papers are in the hand
of the Comptroller-General, and prov
sion will have to be made in the nex
Appropriation Bill to pay this sum, t
relieve me and the gentlemen who er
dorsed my personal obligation, whic]
was given for the money.
A strenuous effort has been made b;
the newspapers which represent th
anti-Dispensary element to show ths
there was no need for the expenditur
of this money, and that there was n,
need of sendina the troops to Darling
ton at all. Falsehoods have bee
published without number, and ever
manner of fatuous or specious argu
ment has been used to bolster up th
position. But I do not hesitate to sa
that it is the best spent money tha
has every gone through ny-bx" a
Governor; and the demonstratio:
which was made that South Caroliu
had a Governor who had the wil
while lie had the moral and physics
backing of enough lovers of law an
order, to repress lawlessness and er
force respect and obedience to the lav
has been and willbe worth to the Stat
a thousand times what it cost. RM
member that the officers of the State
bearing the commission of the Chie
Magistrate and in the discharge
their duty, had been attacked seemmng
ly by premeditation. They were b
ing hunted like wild beasts, after th
conflict, for the purpose of lyching.
jury of the County has since declare
that the two principals who were ir
dicted for murder were not guilty
thus showing that the charges tht
they had provoked the riot an,
wantonly shot dlown the citizen
ar~e false. The State's propert;
in the two Dispensaries had bee>
destroyed or stolen. A large numbe
of the crack militia companies of th
State-men who were wont to cove
themselves with glory every Fourt]
of July-had point blank refusedt
obey orders. What was the spectacl
we presented abroad? What woul
have been the effect had I found n
militia to go to Darlington, or, havin
found them. had failed to send ther
there? Wouldnot the lawless whis
key element have felt ilth&it ltd tri
uniphe~d? Would not the moXb ha
felt emboldened to attack the Constal
ulary elsewhere or have murdere,
thenm in cold blood! How would th
Constables have ha~d the opportunit
to attend the inquiest? How coul<
they have gone to trial in the Count
without danger of be'ing murdered?
But I will not waste further time il
arguing~ the wisdom and necessity o
my action. The people have sustaine<
me~ in this. as they have in all my ef
forts for the States welfare, and Ica:
afford to leave the news papers and th<
men belonging to the militia, whon
they encouraged to disgrace thenm
selves, and whom they have sinc
tried to vindicate, to a mutual adm:
ration. The newspapers must admir
the devotion to duty, the disciplin
and the moral courage of the troops~
The troops cannot help having a higl
appreciation of the patriotism. wisi
counsel and good sense of the editor:
If our bonds are at a lprenmium an<
capital not afraid to seek investmnen
in South Carolina, it is not because th<
militia of Charleston. Columbia an<
other towns refused to obey the order:
of the Governor; but because the mi
itia of Spartanburg, Greenville, Edge
field and other counties responded a
a momient's notice to the call of th<
State. It is because the sturdy farm
ers, mechanics, clerks, merchants
men of every cailing-dropped every
thing and hastened to the Capital t<
sustain the Government they ha<
chosen, and to uphold the law thei:
representatives had enacted.
As soon as thiings had quieted down
orders were issued disarming all th<
companies which had disobeyed or
ders. The Lee Light Infantry. o:
Chester, whose Captain had done al
lie could to get his company to go. was
reorganized, as were the Edisto Rifles.
f O~rangeburg, and the Manning
uards. The Newberry Rifles having
been guilty of insulting the Corm
nander-in-Chijef, while under arms.
as dismissed from the service of the
State in disgrace.
To show the temper of the people
and their abhorrence of mob violence
md1( resistance to lawX. in less than
hirty days arfter the riot, over one
mndrI~ed~ nww comp1Ianies were organ
.:ed, seve'ral of themi from the volun
eers -,. no came at my call and tender.
d( their services to the State, accomr
anyi~inr the offer of services always
ith the remark: "We pledge our
THE FERTILIZER BUSINESS.
173,695 1-2 TONS SOLD DURING THE
PAST YEAR
By the Companies Operating in South
- Carolina- Interesting Statement Showing
What Each Company Did, and the State's
S Revenue.
f
s COLUMBIA. S. C.. Nov. 24.-The fol
I lowing statement, showing the amount
t of privilege tax on fertilizer tags, col
I lected for the past year, is interesting
Iin many ways. Besides showing the
revenue derived by the State govern
ment from the sale of the tags. it
shows also the exact amount of fer
tilizers purchased and used by the
South Carolina farmers during the
t year. It further shows the compara
tive business done by the several
companies operating in South Caroli
na under the laws bearing on the sub,
ject of fertilizers. The statement is as;
follows:
Abbeville C.S. Oil and Fert.
Co----..................$ 30 00
Acme Mfg. Co.. . -----------450 00
1 Adams, W. B..... ..... 1 25
- Adams, W. W.---..... 75
B Adams, T. K.............. 3 50
Allison & Anderson
- Allison & Addison.......... 275 00
AmericanFert. Co......- 50 00
> Anderson 0. and F. Co..... 212 50
B Armovr Packing Co........ 2 50
f Ash'poo Phos. Co.......... 2,387 50
I AsheyPhos. Co............ 965 00
, Atlantic Phos. Co........... 1,525 00
e Atlantic and Virginia Fert.
Co ....................... 75 00
Augusta Guano Co.........1 150 00
F Baldwin Fert Co........... 650 00
I Barnwell Oil Co............ 70 00
1 Berkeley Phos. Co.......... 1,687 00
- Bleckley and Fretwell...... 12 50
Bowker Fert Co........ 25 00
r Boykin, Carmer & Co ......85 75
Bradley Fert. Co........... 65 50
o Breeden, W. C., Mnager... 20 00
1 Calder Bros................ 175 00
i Charlotte O. and F. Co..... 250 00
Chesapeake Guano Co...... 195 50
Chicora Fert. Co........... 4,27 00
Columbia Phos. Co........ 1.625 00
1 Coleman, M. W., & Co..... 17 50
- Comer, Hull &Co .......... 38750
s Commercial Guano Co...... 75 00
L- Crosland, Charles........ 25 00
t Darlington Phos. Co........ f,325 00
: Davie & Whittle........... 475 00
L- Dillon C. S. O. Mill........ 179 00
1 Durham Fert. Co........... 175 00
Edgefield Oil Co............100 00
y Elberton Oil Mill........... 324.57
e Ellis, Charles.............. 25 00
t Edisto Phos. ...........2,650 00
e Etiwan Phos. Co............ 425 00
1 Fairfield O. and F. Co...... 65 00
Florence C. SO. M ...... 75 00
L Georgia ChemicalWorks.... 1,075 00
F Georgia C. O. Co .......... 100 00
Globe Phos. Co............. 1,125 00
e Greenville Fert. Co......... 2,925 50
7 Greenwcod Oil Mill.
s ~Imperial Fert. Co.......... 2.775 00
a Lee, Alf-red S............... 12 50
a Lipscomb, E. M., A Co 51 25
Marion Oil Mill 06......... 50 00
I McCall, C................87 50
Meares, Thomas D., Agent.. 100 00
i Mt. Airy Mfg. Co .......... 12 50
Nevassa Guano Co......... 625 00
e Newberry C. S. 0. M. and F.
Co...................... 125 00
Newton, H.H2.......... 6 38
SNewton, Smith......... 3 10
North Carolina C. O. Co. 83 75
Ober, G. &Sons, Co........ 22 500
eOil and Fert. Co., Laurens, 50
S. C................. 500
Old Dominion Guano Co... 100 00
OrageurgOi Mil......135 00
PowrsGibes Co.....912 50
Rasin Fertilizer Co........500 00
SRead Fertilizer Co......... 1,200 00
Reese. John S. & Co........ 112 50
s. Rice Bros................. 72 00
Roach, Wmi'., & Sons....... 225
r Rucker, P. J............... 5 00
e Sams, S.P. A............. . 546
r Savannah Guano Co........ 75 50
S. C. C. 0. Co., Greenville,
o S.C................... 100 00
e South Carolina C. 0. Co. 740 00
i Scott, G. WV., Mfg. Co......50 00
o Seneca 0. and Fert. Co... 5 00
Southern C. 0. Co.......... 737 50
SSoutler. Charles B...... 4 25
-. Stono Phosphate Co.......2,337 50
-Stokes. J. X............ 37
a. Sweet, R. N. ........... 30 00
e Thompson, R. S., Agent. 15 00
7 Tinsley, Jas. G., Co........125 00
j Travers, S. W.' &Co... 700 00
g- Togert, Allen Fert. Co.....101 25
Union 0. and Mfg. Co... 150 00
1 Wando Pert. Co........... 1,625 00
f Wateree 0. mill............ 72 50
i Wappoo Mills.............. 475 00
-Wilcox, Gibbes &bo0....... 525 00
1 Wilmington Compress &.
B Co. M'g.... ...... .....25 00
1 Zell Guano Co............. 25 00
STotal for fiscal year 1893-94. $43,423 88
B Diversified Farming Pays.
What intelligent culture and thrift
-will do on the farm is shown by the
i following statement, taken from The
B Wilmington, N. C., Star, of the pro
-duct of a one-horse farm, for which
i Col. M. McRea, of Robeson county,
' was awarded the premium at the Bor
der Exposition of the Carolinas, held
I at Maxton, Oct. 31st and Nov. 1st and
2d:
529 bushels corn at .80..$42S 00
- 52 bushels peas at .80........41 60
t 11j bushels wheat at 1.00..11 50
3 17j bushels rye at 1.25.......21 87
- SO bushels oats at .60.......48 00
- 6,000 pounds fodder at .80....48 00
- 6.00pounds pea vine hay at .50 30 00
3 15 bales cotton (7,500 lbs) at .05 375 00
1 450.bushels cotton seed at .15.. 67 50
e' 50 bushels potatoes at 40...20 00
900 pounds pork at .10.......90 00
Dairy and poultry.......... 50 00
S115 gallons wine at 1.00... 115 00
$1,341 47
EXPENSES.
Fertilizers..........$216 80
Labor in making and
gathering....... 313 50
Stock and feed ...... 80 00
610 30
Net profit...............$731 17
Here is a net profit of $731.17 as low
as the price of cotton is, on a one-horse
farm. The secret of the profit will be
found, outside o:i'thrifty management.
in the diversified3 crops, every one of
which added to tu~e increase and profit
of the worker. If lhe had confined
himself to cotton, says The Star. he
could have made no such satisfactory
exhibit as this, however hard he might
have worked or well he might have