The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, November 28, 1894, Image 1

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VOL. X. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1894. THE PRESIDENTS REPORT. MANY FACTS ABOUT AFFAIRS AT CLEMSON COLLEGE. Preilent Craighead's Intelligent and Val uable Report-A Bird's Eye View of the Work at the Best Agricultural College in the Sonth. COLUMIA. S. C., Nov. 21.-Presi dent Craighead, of Clemson College, in his annual report says that 635 stu dents have been enrolled during the past year and they are about equally divided between the two leading de partments of Agriculture and Me chanic Arts. 1President Craighead covers fully the work in the college and on the grounds. - The newspapers have already covered at different times a great deal of what is contain ed in the report, but the following are parts which will be of interest: "At the beginning of the session the Board authorized the President to take steps to fatten and slaughter beef for the mess hall, instead of purchasing it by contract as in the previous year. Accordingly a slaughter-house was built about a mile to the rear of the dormitory and pens made for both hogs and cattle. By thisarrangement nearly $1,000 dollars has' been saved the college, as the actual cost of beef has ceen but 4 14 cents per pound net. against 57 cents of last year, and as nearly 100 hogs have been fattened with slops from the kitchen. "The Horticultural Department, un der the efficient management of your painstaking horticulturist. Mr. J. P. C. DuPre, has made unmistakable prog ress. He has kept the mess hall sup plied with choice vegetables, and has, in addition to this put up for the use of the students during the winter 7,000 three-pound cans of tomatoes, okra, corn and beans. The canning factory, more fully equipped at a cost of $150, has proved to be a profitable investment, as well as a valuable ob ject lesson for the horticultural stu dents, who do most of the canning. "During the year a house for stor ing winter vegetables has been built on the horticultural grounds, the green house improved and enlarged. and the valuable collection of flowers belonging' to Mr. DuPre purchased for the colle. The g-ardens have been indeed alaboratory * for the large num ber of students who have worked with Mr. DuPre. For a fuli account of the work done in this department and of its needs for the coming year, you are referred to the excellent report made by the horticulturist." President Craighead says electric lights have been put in th'e laundry. station building, hospital, mechanical hall and in most of- the professors' houses without cost to the college. Professor Craighead recommends that German, and French -be made op tional in the junior and senior year, -and says that "no man can keep abreast of the progress in agriculiure, cs, electricity, or, in fact, in any epartment of science. who is unable to read German and French periodic als. Without a knowledge of French and German. those of our students who wish to become professors of ag riculture, experiment station workers, of agricultural papers, will d their equipment incomplete. "To prevent too much crowdino in esenior year, where some freeom choice of studies should, I think, be te;- the services of another in stutor will be needed. He should teach either physioligy and veterinary surgery, mineralogy and greology, or some other branc~h included in the curriculum for which no instructor has been employed." About $900 has been spent on a li brary and it is kept open four hours under care of a cadet librarian. Pres ident Craighead says that at least $5,000 more is needed for books. There is also a reaeing room, supplied with leading periodicals and daily newspapers. STUDENT LABOR. An important problem is that of student abor, Discussing it Presia dent Oraig~head says: The student labor problem is, I think, gradually solving itself. The professors in the Academic depart ment have cheerfully consented, whenever called upon to superintend squads. As will be remembered. the mnagement and direction of studet labor was left largely in the hands of the president. Subsequent exprience will no doubt modify and perfect our p,an, but I am mnore firmly convinced as the way opens up, that all students should be required to perform a cer tain amount of purely educational la bor for which they should receive no pay whatever. Practical work in the chemical, physical, botantcal, biolog ical and entomological laboratories is educational labor, required of all stu dents taking these courses, and should --evidently receive no compensation whatever. hi like manner, students tasking courses in agriculture and hor ticulture should be reuired to do a certain amount of work-, such as pro fessors may deem necessary to a com pletion of their courses on the farm and gardens, nature's own laborato ries. So also should mechanical stu dents be required to do a certain amount of purely educational work in the foundry, the wood shops, and the machine shops, for which it would be folly to expet any remuneration. It is clear alothat mathematical stu dents should be required to do much practical work in survevino, levelino and the like. All work of this kinai is not only practical, but educational in the -highest sense. To abandon this in our scheme of studies is to turn out theorists and dav-dreanmers, whose heads are cramnme4 with useless stuff wvhich their hands can never turn to practical use. A certain amount then of real practical labor, such as the board and professors in charge consid er recessary, should, I thik, be ex acted of all our students, and for which they should receive no moe... Here comipulsory labor should end. In addition to this, there will always be an indefinite amount of really pro ductive labor, not necessarily educa tional, which students who need the money can and should do. In no other possible way can a liberal and practical education be put within the reach of the masses. I have received during the year hundreds of letters from parents w~rting me that but for our lalbor feature they would be com pelled. because of the pressure in money matters, to withdraw theirsons. It is safe to say that only by making use of opportunities here afforded for~ remunerative labor have at least one half of our students been able to con tinue at college. To undertake to fur .nish free to all young men seeking it such an education as is offered here wou innoverih the State and send out a horde of young men taught to d rely upon the bounty and generosity t] of the conunonwealth. Against the co iusidioiis approach of this form of pa- n ternalism. which strikes at the very r] foundation of strong, sturdy. many tx independence, our college is pledged, t< by the very charter of its existence, to 1 p'erpetual warfare. It is the duty of tE the State to put the opportuities of e] an education within the reach of all 6 her children. It is the duty of the in- ti dividual. in obedience to God Al- ci mighty's first great law, to seize those i< opportuIities by hard, unreniitting lz u After studying the question in all its ti >hases, I would recommend to the r1 ard that all agricultural students be o: permitted to work forty hours, and ti only forty hours, per month, at not b, moi-e than S cents an hour for cood, p honest labor. Exceptions should be 1 made in cases where the nature of the tz work, such as milking, may require fi deviation from this rule, but for all s< such additional labor I would recom- ti mend that only 4 cents per hour be n paid. At the Mississippi College, me- b chanical students -are not paid at all. t Here I recommend that they be paid tl accordng to the monetary value of a their work. We have paid out for a students laboring the last seven months ti $7,403.04. I have dwelt at length upon the d problem of student labor, for upon its successful solution depends the weal or woe of Clemson College. Labor, labor of the hand as well as of the ( head, labor in the shops as well as in the fields, is expected and demanded of all who enter here. The digrity of manual labor is the foundation stone upon which our educational edifice is raised, and must be maintained or the ' whole structure tumbles to the ground. a To put young men in the way of main taining themselves in honest indepen dence, to send out real providers, men who earn the bread they eat and the clothin- where-with they are clothed, this is t71e mission of ourState College. Ours is the duty of teaching the youth of South Carolina the quaint old truth t that for those who do not work there are three other things to do: to beg. to steal, to starve. Of the youths who t leave these halls let it be asked in the language of Ruskin: "Can they plow? ti Can they plant at the right time, or build wiith a steady hand? Is the ef fort of their lives to be chaste, knight Iv, faithful. holy in thought, lovely i'n word and deed - I trust that in the comin- years we may be able to re- n plv: "Iued it is with some, nay. F with many. and the strength of South p Carolina is in them." a QUESTION OF EXPENSES. 0 The experince of the past yearleads 0 us to believe that expenses may, dur- e ing the-coming year, be considerably NI reduced, and, while the probabilities e are that we shall have more students applyine for entrance than we can ac cominotiate, I think it but justice to P the classes for whom the scnool was established that expenses be reduced to the minimum. I therefore recom- ] mend for adoption the following sum mary of expenses for the school year: First teri. two and one-half months: Two uniforms $28.40 board $15; medi- tA cal fee $1.25; washing $1.25; incidental s fee 50c;total $46.40. For each term following the first: Board $15; washing $1.25; medical fee $1.25: incidental fee 50c.: total $18. a Hence, expenses for ten months, in- c cluding board, washing, fuel, lights, medical attendance and uniforms; will I be $100.40. r A poor boy may by work, cut down this amount to about $70. a AGRICULTURAL WORK. a Professor W. L. McGee, associate o instruetor of agriculture and superin- j tendent of farm, reports that the acre- ( age of crops grown on the farm this year will aggregate about as follows: t Sixty acres in oats; 180 acres in corn; t1 thirty-five acres in corn for silage; ten a acresin sweet potatoes; fifteen acres in c peas; eig'ht acres in sorghum forsilage and soiling purposes; eight acres inb cotton for experiments; five acres in o re; five actes in Bermuda sod. 'The oat land was all planted to peas ~ for hay or to corn for silage. The corn c was all sown in peas at the last plow- n ng. t The crops harvested so far are as fol- 1 lows: One thousand and two hundred *, bushels of oats: thirty tons of hay; 350 .y tons silage: 125 bushels peas, 5,000 ( bushels corn; 6,700 pounds of fodder. 1 Cotton and sweet potatoes not yet c harvested. The expenditures of the department ~ are as follows: For fertilizers $621.18; e for seeds $248.56; for tools, reparis, s tilling. etc, $331.75: for wages-farm foreman $263.75; foriabor $1,507.51. t The energies of the farm for the e next few years must of necessity be C devoted to a building up of the farm- f ino~ lands, terracinig and ditching the e upands,.- and ditching and draining t the bottoms. This cannot be neglect- i ed. for it is most profitable to cultivate c those lands which have been improved t to the highest degree. Student laborhas been utilized as far f as possible at milking, attending cattl e work oni barns, work on campus. im- e provement of grounds. etc. Their , work on the farm hasbeen devoted al- a most entirely to hand labor, as the r limited time which they work, on ac- a count of recitations and other duties, t makes it impracticable to have them handle teams and nmachinery. -Such work is performed by students only when it is necessary in an educational way. Student labor, peerniarily con sidered, unprofitable, but from an edu-3 cational pomt of view, and as an assist-i ance to deserving boys of limited means, it is invaluable. THE MECHANIC ARTS. S. Tompkins, professor of nmechani cal engineering. says: "I would recommend that agricultu- I rl students take shop work eightt hours per week throughout the Fresh-s man year, instead of taking two hoursa per week throughout the four years. and that this wor~k be devoted to wood '] work two-thirds of thle time. aind black- ' smith work one-third of the time. a With a freshman class of say 200 this would give the equivalent ot 13.3 men to wood work for the entire session. "One instructor cannot wvell handle I over twenty men in a class. This ( would make six or seven classes, each I working eight hours per wveek, mak- t ing a total of at least forty-eight hours I per week of instruction to be given, I which I consider wholly beyond the 1 power of any one man to do properly. 3 --If w-e adhleredl to the present plan, z I estimate that the number of hours a per week will be practically the same s as before, and still require two instruc- I tors.- to All the professors make reports of 3 their work and recomimendations for a the future of the college. The hospit- t< al physician. Dr. A. M. Rledfearn, also s makes a report. He says that 384 1 uring thr year. Classified by diseases te cases were: Typhoid ?ever, 10; )ntinued fever, 16; bilious fever, 68: talarial fever, 53; acute articular ieumatism, 14; pneumonia, 5; dysen ,ry. 30; diarrhoa, 26; mumpls: 4: >nsilitis, 20: ph itis, 8: orchitis, ; bronchitis, 7: ly-mphanagitis. 2; en ritis, 8; eellulitis, 1; erysipelas, 5: >iclidymitis, 1; abess, 8: cramp colic, ; acute indigestion, 6; malarial hama tria, 1; suppression of urine, 3: mls ilar rheumatism. 4; astlima, 1: bil iusness, 9; vertigo, 1; brachycordi. 1; ryngitis, 1; appendicitis. 2; chroeic leer 1; torticallis, 1; double abcess of te middle ear, 3; carbuncle, 2; hemor ioids, 1; otorrhoea, 6; minor surgical ?erations, 11; amputations, 1; frac res, 2: dislocation, 1; cholera mor as, 6: lumbago, 1: anemia, 4; pur ara, 1; conjunctivitis, 1; neuralgia, ;spraiis, 2; eczema, 2; making a to 1 of 362. The twenty-two unclassi ed cases were treated during my ab :ence on acount of sickness. Besides Lese, I have treated a rather large umber of throat, nose; -and ear trou les among the students. I have not ,bulated these cases for the reasons iat they were not hospital patients. ad also because this is special work ad not usually done by general practi oners of medicine. The cost of maintaining the hospital aring the year was $2,114.19. TOBACCO AND SILK CULTURE. The Board of Control of the experi ental station makes an interesting port. Among other things it says: "The question of tobacco curing -as very fully discussed. Letters werc dressed last winter to a number of ie leading growers, intimating our -illingness to render the industry any sistance suggested. The tenor of the( plies received led us to forego any ng in that line for the present. "Anticipating favorable action by ongress on the bill now pending >cating a number of silk growing ex arimental stations, we have taken roper steps to present our claims and ave filed an application for the loca on of one of them at our college. "Data and information as to sugar ets are being gathered preparatory > thorough trials in different sections E the State, not only as to adaptabili r of soil and climate to yield per acre. at to their per cent. of saccliarinc Latter." CHEESE MAKING. In Sepetemberexperiments incheese -aking were begun at the college. rom 4,155.25 pounds of milk, 476.25 ounds of green cheese were made, an merage of 1,72 pounds of milk, about ne gallon being required to make e pound of cheese. In makingsomE Eperiments are being carried on of -hich reports willbe made later. Ar periment is now under way to deter une how one may make a few cheese )r his own use without expensive ap aratus. RODDEY'S PLAN ENDORSED. at Few Dissenting Votes in the Cottor Convention. ATLANTA, Ga., Nov. 21.-An inpor nt meeting of cotton growers repre mting several States occurred in At tnta today. They were called here to consider n lan recently suggested by J. T. Rod ey, a cotton broker of New York, fol :mtrolling the price of cotton. The meeting was presided over by [ector D. La.ne, Commissioner of Ag iculture of Alabama. After' some discussion, the plan an anounced by Mr. Roddey was, on mo m, recommended, Chairman Lan( nd one or two other dissenting. A omnmittee was ip~nted consisting o: .Roddey, H. S. i'cob of Soutl: arolina'and J. E. unnally of Geor a, to call county and State conven ons for the election of delegates t< ae interestate convention toe hli ta time and place agreed upon by the ommittee. Mr. Roddey's plan, as orplained by im, is to form a combination of th< otton growers with a capital of $50, 00,000 or $100,000,000. Each cottor roducer is to contribute one bal- ou f every five made to the trust. Esti iating the crop at 8,000,000 baies his plan would stock the trust witl ,600,000 bales, the withdrawal o: rhich from the market, it is urged nill appreciate the price 25 per cent )ne -eneral office is proposed witi ranch offices and warehouses at al otton receiving points. 'The gins ir very county are to be listed and. i ossible, controlled so as to know th zact production and to regulate th upply of cotton. In regard to the maagement o he company, it is to have one genera r head office, say in New York or Nev' )rleans, with two general director: rm each cotton growing State; hay< ne office in each State with one direc or from each county in that State ant ave sub-offices in all the principa ities and towns in the different State: o control the local cotton, all to b< ontrolled by the general or head of be; have either a special insuranc< ompany organized or the presen ompanies brought to a low rate; le ompany wharehouse receipts be issue< rith insurance policies and if the far ar needs money, let the company ad -ance him five-eights or two-thirds o he value of his warehouse receipts. Eighteen Entomed. Steubenville, 0., Nov. 20.- An cx losion occurred at noon today in th< ilanche Coal Works near Colliers Vest Va. Eighteen men were at worl the mine and it is not thought an3 f them escaped either death or injury ~even dead bodies had been taken ou p to 3:40 p. m. John Donnelly. o: ~teubenville. and a man named Welcl ae been identified. Donnelly was lown out of tie mine by the force o he explosion. This mine blew ul veral years ago, and a large numbe: ere killed. The balance of the miinen ire believed to be suffocated to deathl 'he coroner of Brooke county. Wes 7irgina, went to the scene of the dis ster this afternoon. Kiiled at a Crossing. PILA&DEPHIA, Nov. 20.-A south ound accommodation train on th< 'hestnut Hill branch of the Philadel hia and Reading railroad, ran into wo-horse carriage containing Johr orace Meacham, ac-cd, 70 years an< ts wife and Mrs. Harriet Smyth a 0:35 o'clock this morning at the Eas: Vashington Iane crossing in Ger aantown. Mr. Meacham was killed a was also Patrick Lacy, aged 51 ears, watchman at the crossing, whc ad seized the horses and endeavorec: back them from the track. Mrs. feacham received a fractured skul: nd died shortly afterward in German wn. Hospital. Mrs. Smyth wan ightly ingured. Both horses weru led outriht and the vehicle win PRISONERS IN THE PEN. INTERESTING STATISTICS ON CRIME IN SOUTH CAROLINA. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the St.atC P'nlitentiary-The General Con dition of tle Prison-Other Facts of Note. CoIxrmiA. S. C., Nov. 21.-The an nual report of the superintendent of the State penitentiary to tLe General Assembly. just issued; makes intprest ing reading. It presents an array of facts bearing on crime in South Caro lina which atfords an interesting study. Superintendent Neal says: "On the 31st of October, 1893, there were confined in the State penitenti ary and convicts camp 1,033 prisoners. Received from county courts during the year, 669; recaptured, 36: total 1, 738. Lost by expiration of sentence. 535: by Dardon, 50: by escape., 36 by death 51: killed attempting to escape, 1: killed accidentally. 2: transferred to theasylum, 1; total lost, 676: leav ing this day in confinement, 1.062: making an increase of ~29 over last year. "We have made during the year many improvements, having now a perfect system of water works and sewerage: no better to be found any where. "We had the misfortune to lose by fire the hosiery mill on the 25th of April, which had just been enlarged and improved at a cost of $4.000. I am glad to report that the hosiery mill has been rebuilt double the size of the old one, and substantial and conveu ient. at a cost of $15,000. The im proveeniets inside of the yard have been upwards of $30.000. Feeling the necessity of more land, to use the convalescing and cripple, and such labor as we could not hire out or send out on farms, we rented 175 acres of land for three years near the yard. We planted 100 acres in cotton, 50 in corn and 25 in potatoes. &c., - from which we have made at the low price of farm produce, about $4,000 worth, which was almost a clear profit. I am glad to report that the crops this year are all good. with few exceptions, altogether a good average. At the best estimate which is possible for me to make at this date, I would say that we have on hand and to be gathered, 850 bales of cotton, 10.000 bushelsb'f' corn. 8,000 bushels of oats, 3,000 bush els of peas. 360 bushels of wheat, and at the low or present p rices of farm products we will be able to pay the $7,000 now due on the DeSaussure farm, and all other outstanding in debtedness of the institution and to have on hand at least $10,000 in cash to begin the next year's operations. "We have purchased during the Year seven head of mules and horses ind have now on hand sixteen head, all in good condition and most of then young and valuable. We will have 150 head of fine pork hogs to kill this winter, and also have on band thirty head of milch cows. "I would especially call your atten tion to the fact that this institution has been heavily drained during the past fiscal year by Clemson College and the Girls' Industrial School at Rock Hill and the South Carolina lunatic as-lum, as follows: Clemson College, cash...... 1,937.03 Labor, clothing, etc. . 5,412.22 Girls' Industrial School, cash 1,372.S0 Labor, clothing. etc.......12,948.00 South Carolina lunatic asylum 1,17.050 Total.................2,850.33 "Soo will see that this institu tion has been taxed during the year by these institutions to the amount of $22,850.33 besides furnishing four or five convicts and one guard to the State house the 'entire year free of charge, as required by law. I would especially call your attention to the small death rate and list of escapes, both of which have been remarkably small this yea?; the recapture of pris oners for thme year has been equal to the escapes. I feel sure that under thme finid water closet and sewerage system which we now have, our death rate will be much smaller in the fu ture than in the past. In reference to the food, clothing and sanitary condi tion~ of the institution, I would refer vou' to thme report of our eflicient phy sician, Dr. ID. S. Pope. It gives nme much pleasure to commend the faith ful service of our chaplain, Rev. A. P. Norris, and for the spiritual condition -of the prisoners would calt Tour at tention to his report. I woul~d beg to thank the board of directors, officers and o'uards for their kind treatment. whi& I have at all times received at their hands: our relations and busi ness transactions have beene most pleasant during the entire year. For the business transactions of the office I would ca11 your attention to the full and complete report of our competent clerk of board and bookkoeper, R. E. Burris." The report of the board of directors of the same institution shows that the actual and estimated profits of the in stitution for the past yea'r were $27. 302. 55. COxvICTS IN RISoN. The following is the report of Capt. Eber C. Allen, as to the total niumber of prisoners: Prisoners in confIinement,0c tober 31, 1893...... 1,033 Received under sentence from that (late andl recaptured. ..75 1,7:38 From which deduct Discharged by expiration of sentenice.............. 535 - Discharged by' pardon... 50 - Escaped.............. :36 - Died....................'51 -- Killed trying to escape...... 1 -- Killed accidentally ..... 23 - Transferred to the asylum. .. 1 676 Leaving in confiminemt, Oc tober 31, 189............--1,062 Mfales. white ...... ........ 91 - Females, white............ 1 - 3Males, colored............. 929 - - Females. colored..........41 1.062 Of the above nuimber re ceived. there were aoles, white.............. 63 - Females, white............. 1 - 3Males, colored............. 79 - Females, colored..........26 - 669 The number of convicts received from each county' wa~s as follows: Abbeville, 20;~Aiiderson, 14; Aiken, 20: Beaufort, 20; Barnwell, 28: Berke ley, :36;Chiarleston, 71; Chesterfield 16; Chester. 23; Clarendon, 16: Colleton, 22: Darlington, 11; Edgefield, 20:; Fair field. 9; Florence, 18; Greenville, 29; 10; Kershaw, 7; Lancaster, 12; Lau rens, 14; Lexington, 5; Marion, 29; Mlarlboro, 16; N'ewberr - 9; Oconee, 17; Orangeburg, 20; Piclens, 8; Rich land, 28: Spartanburg. 24; Sumter, 32: Union, 3: Williamsburg, 21; York,22. Thirty-six prisoners escaped during he year nd the same number were recaptured. The terms of the 669 prisoners re -eived during the year were as fol lows: Life. 17; twenty years, 2; fifteen years, 5; thirteen years, 1; twelve years, 2: eleven years, 2; ten years, 24; eight years, 3; seven years, 12; six vlears, 6; ive years, 55; four years, 18; three years and six months, 2; three vears and three months, 2; three years, 15; two years and six months, 8; two vears and four months, 2; two years, (6; one year and nine months, 2; twenty months, 2; eighteen months, 34; fifteen months, 15; fourteen months, 2; one year, 181; eleven months, 1; ten months, 4; nine months, 23: eight months,. 6; seven months, 3; six months, 70; five months, six; four months, 14; thr-e mnonths, 13: two months, 5. OCCTPATION OF CONVICTS. The following was the occupation >f the convicts prior to their convic Lion: Farm hands, 376; laborers, 154; ooks, 27; waiters, 21; wagoners, 12; arpenters, 8; butlers, 5; railroad ands. 4; blacksmiths, 5; butcher, 1; bricklayers, 5; seamstresses. 3; paint rs. 3; plumber, 1; porter, 1; trampS, 1: drayman, 1; printer, 1; millwright, 1; teamsters, 2; hostlers, 9; barber, 1; tinners, 2; washerwomen, 3; shingle maker, 1; gunsmith, 1: housemaids, 3; ilversmith, 1; lawyers, 2; barkeeper, 1; shoemakers, 2; firemen, 4; horse trainer, 1; collar-maker. 1; factory ands, 2. The nativity of the prisoners was as rollows: South Carolina, 593; North Carolina, 42; Georgia, 19; Ne w York, 2; Virginia, 5; Texas, 2; Alabama, 3; G-ermany, 1; Arkansas, 1; Illinois, 1. The ages of the prisoners was as fol lows: Lnder 20 years, 206; from 20 to 30 years, 320; from 30 to 40 years, SO: from 40 to 50 years, 35; over 50 years, 28. RELIGION AND HEAI.TH. Chaplain Norris says services are hield every Sunday at 11 o'clock in the chapel and lectures are delivered every Tuesday and Friday in the hos pital. Twenty-nine convicts have professed onversion during the past year and -their general deportment gives evi dence of their sincerity." Of the health of the7prison Dr. D. S. Pope, the physician, says that lie treated 1,170 cases during the year. He says that the sanitary condition of the institution has been greatly im proved and that the death rate is low - er than it was last year. Dr. Pope, adds: 'Consumption adds largely to our death rate, and it being a pretty wel established fact that it is an infectious disease capable of being conveyed by inhalation of pulverized sputa c6ntain ing the germs of the disease the great est care should be taken to lessen the danger from this source as far as pos sible,for it is being constantly brought into the prison from the jails. Much hias 3ecndone during the past year in this direction, and if the plans which you have in contemplation for the prison building and different places of work are carried out, I feel assured that great good will be accomplished. This is a disease best treated by pre vention, especially in prison." The Military Academy. COLU~MBIA, S. C., Nov. 23.-The re port of the Board of Visitors of the Military Academy shows that the in come of the school for the past year has been, the State appropriation for beneficiaries $20,000, and $21, 470.47 has been derived from pay cadets maintained at their own cost. The expenses per cadet has been, as here tofore, $300. The Board of Visitors ask that in addition to the usual appropriation of $20,000 by, the Leg'slature, the Acade my be reimbure $2,560 expended on repairs on account of the fire and cy lone. This amount was paid out of the Academy fund. The Board also asks that the Legislature appropriate $750 for current repairs and $88 for insurance for the next three years. The Superintendent of the Academy Col. Asbury Coward, reports as to the enrollment in the institution: After the graduation of the lare class of 1893-94, at Yorkville, S. d, on the 29th of June last, there re mained upon the roll of the Academy 34 beneficiary and 51 pay cadets. Total...................... 85 Casualties: By honorable discharge.......4 P By permit to retire..........2 P B' dismissal................1 B -~ -- -7 7S There were, however, present at the opening of'the current academic year, 70 old cadets, 33 beneficiary and 45 pav-. b~uring the month of Octobor there were admitted on your warrants 35 beneficiary and 32 paylrecruits, thus making the present enrollment 6$ beneficiary and 77 pay, or a total of 145 cadets. Of the new cadets one, J. C. Minus of Colleton County, was as signed to the Second class; all the others were assigned to the Fourth Class. The academic classification of ea dets it as follows: First Class ...... . 21 members Second Class........... 23 members Third Class........... 33 members Fourth Class..........6$ mnenmbers 145 Big Treasure Unearthed. KNOM!LE, Tenn., Nov. 21.-Great excitment prevails in Union County, about twenty-five miles fronm this city, over the discovery in a Indian mound of about $48,00worth of gold bars and nuggets. About a week ago, a Cherokee woman named Anna McDonald, a granddaughter of Chief McIntosh. one of the famous chieftains of her tribe, appeared in the neighborhood with a map showing the purpoted location of a large amount of hidden treasure. She claimed that $500,000 had been buried there by her grandfather. Peo ~le were disposed to treat her as a crank at first, but finally the owner of the farm on which the treasure was located, agreed to open the mound for half of the treasure, if any was found. Three days ago workmen commenced excavating and early this morning found $16 of gold dust and nuggest in a jar. Later they unearthed and iron box containing $30, 000 worth of the precious metal. She claims that there is a great deal more to be unearthed. Over 2,000 peple gathered in the neighborhoXof the mound and fifty men armedl with Winchesters are g~ardin thetrasure spot to-nigrht. THE STATES FINANCES I THE'ANNUAL REPORT OF STATE TREASURER BATES. Figures Showing the Mana;;ement of the Financial Aliairs of the State Goveri ment During the PaLst Year-The Show Ing Made. CoLUMBIA. S. C.. Nov. 24.-The an nual report of State Treasurer W. T. C. Bates was issued vesterday. To all the people of South Carolhia'it is of interest. for it shows everything in connection with theIi management of the State government for the past vear..Jt is interesting to note that the State receivedi43,423.S8 from the sale of fertilized privilege tax tags during the year. the largest purchasers of tags being the Ashepoo Phosphate Co.. the Atlantic Phosphate Co.. the Edisto Phospate Co.. the Berkeley Phosphate Co., the Globe Phosphate Co.. the Greenville Fertilizer Co., and the Stone Phosphate Co. It is also noticeable that Ihe litiga tionexpenses of the AttorneyGeneral's office were this year $5.608.02. Itis noticed also that !4.955.07 is charged up withhaving been expended for the Governor's contingent fund. The general fiinancial. exhibit for the year is as follows: CASH RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDING OCT. 31. 1894. General taxes, 1892 and 1893 and back taxes.... ,932,138.20 State dispensary......... 463.911.19 Phosphate royalty... ..... 57,827.13 Privilege tax on fertilizers. 43.423.88 Direct tax interest received from United States. 17,919.92 Morrill fund received from United States .......... 20,000.00 Insurance license fees.... 10,600.00 Railroad assessnients for - Railroad Commissioner. 7.156.61. Fees office Secretary of State .................. 3.917.20 Commissioners' Sinking Fund................. 1500.00 Loans,Governor and State Treasurer under Act'93. 100.043.49 Other sources............ 2,662.55 Total .............. ..1.66 1.100.17 Cash balance Oct. 31, '93.. 2:7.728.55 $1,880,828.72 CASH EXPENDITURES. YEAR ENDING OCT. 31. 1894. Legislative expenses...... :37,402.18 Public printing .......... 31.461.03 Educationalcharitable.pe nal and sanitary institu tions and expenses...... 259.326.27 Clemson Agricultural Col lege................... 64,941.08 Interest on public debt and expenses.............. 269,755.56 Brown consols due July, '93, principal redeemed. 1A146.42 Deficiency stock redeemed 635.42 State dispensary ......... 485,580.30 Salaries Supreme Court, Circuit Judges,Solicitors State officers, County Auditors and Supervis oi-s,Public institutions. etc................... 149,317.70 Investments for sinking fund, for reduction, etc., of the Brown 4 1-2 per cents under Act 1892... 25,400.00 Cont ingent and Stationery and stamp funds. execu tive officers, Supreme Court and other ofiicers 9.541.18 Pensions.............. .. 52,169.70 Artificial limbs........... 5,016.50 Direct tax claimsAct 1884 and direct tax fund. 14,746.21 Refund taxes and overpay ments refunded County Treasurers........... 9,30S.08 Special funds.............5,676.10 Loans .................. 15, 153.52 On other accounts........ 25,995.2:3 Total ...............65572.48 Cash balance Oct. 31i, 1894. 203.256-24 $1,888,828.72 The following statement of the con dition of the treasury at the end of the fiscal y.ear is made: CASH L!ABILITIES, OCT. 31, 18S94. Interest due and not etaled. for, viz.: On consols, brown and green................ 11759.87 On blue 4 1-2 per cent. re demption deficiencies. 382.49 On new brown 4 1-2 per~ cents. redemption brown consols.............-1.94.76 On deficiency bonds and stock.................. 237.09 Total... ..... .......-$120.034.21 Dispensary, State......... 216.15 Sinking fund Commission ers................... 43,563.60 Sinking fund for reduction of the Brown 4 1-2 pcer cents. under the Act of 1892.................. 25,275.23 Direct tax fund.......... 13500.89 Direct tax fund interest. 17,919.92 Direct tax claims, Act '94. 7.202.79 Brown consols, due '9:3. outstanding....... 6,753.97 Deficiency stock, due '88, outstanding.............21.98 Morrill fund, balance .... S.. 52.70 Loans (interest tolbe added) 50.0001.00 Interest firom July 1, '9:3. to July 1, '94, on $266. 647.71 Brown 4 1-2 pci. cents. liable to be issued for principal and interest of old bonds.. ........ 1.999.15 Privilege tax on fertilizers. balance............. 5.7 Special accounts...... .. 13.6 Balances of appropriat ions undawn not included above................ 74.79. 13 Total cash liabilities. . . . $-402.215.IIS CASH AssETS OCT. 31.:1SO94. Genral account. ... ..... 64.3h.73 Conunissioners' siniki ng fund............---.--4:3.563.6 Sinking fund for reduction etc.. of Brown's 4 1-2 peri cents..............--. 275.23 Dispensary S. C... .......-21.1 60.15 Direct tax'fund......... 3508 Direct tax funid interetst... 17.919.92 Morrill fund.............'.152.70) R ~edemption brown con sols 7.112.4:3 Redemption deciciencey stock ...... ............ 303.23 Privilege tax on fertilizers 558.76 Special accounts...........1383.60 Total.................$203. 256.24 Net cash liabilities Oct. 31, 1894, say............ 18.95.54 LIABILITIES OTHER THAN CASHE o(T. 31. 1894. Brown 4 1-2 per cents. redemption brown coni 901l.................. $5.528.679.58 Blue 4 1-2 peri cents. re demption deficiencies. 40(0,0010.00 Agricultural College KNOWS HER VANTAGE. JAPAN IS NOT DISPOSED TO SURREN DER ANY OF IT. The Plucky Kingdom of the Eastern Seas is Very Much Obliged to Uncle Sam, but * Can Manage its Own Little Affair--Dun's Services Will be Allowed China. WASHINGTON, Nov. 21.-The State Department has received a cable reply from Japan through Minister Dun at Tokio to the United States' suggestion of m.ediation. The Japanese Legation here has also received from the For eign office in Japan a cable stating that a reply has been made and giving its terms. Both cables were received here Sunday afternoon. The cable to Secretary Gresham is accompan ied by unusual dignity and formality in having -the imperial sanction of his Majesty, the' Emperor of Japan. It is rarely that the Emperor speaks in diplomatic negotiations. so that his action in this case is evidence of Japan's desire to express its appreciation of the course of the United Ssates. The message is in two parts, the first oiving, the imperial expression of good will and saying that the suc cess of- the Japanese arms had been such that China should approach Ja pan directly. The second part ismore directly from Minister Dun and ex presses the view of the Japanese For eign Office that as China has no Minis ter at Tokio to submit a direct propo sition it could be made by China through Minister Dun. The cable to Minister Kurino is substantially the same as the foregoing. The replies were decided on at a spe cial meeting of the Japanese Cabinet on Saturday, and were sent from To kio Saturday night but the transmis sion delayea them until Sunday. The tone of the reply and the ex pression of imperial good will give s much satisfaction to the officials here, r and now that the facts are known no e further reserve is maintained as to the terms of the ne-otiaiions which have hitherto been :withheld. It appeais that at the outset Secretary Gresham s consulted Minister Kurino, as there was no desire to take action which would be otherwise than agreeable to Japan. At a conferencs between the Secretary and the Minister, at which Secretary Carlisle was present, the entire purpose of this country was made clear. This was before Mr. Gres ham had sent the message to Japan suggestino Amercan mediation. It was clear that President Cleveland had no desire to medidate the trouble, but on the contrary felt that the exercise of the good offices of the United States znight entail a sersous burden and re sp ibility, and possibly excite ulti d mate by one partyor the other. 11Under +h e nces no action would be taken feltit would create an awkward s ular stress was laid on the fact Japan would be entirely free to act as t e saw fit, that there was no pressure to have her accept American media tion and that the entire proceeding was due to the belief that this country was in a position to render a service to both belligerents. These sentiments were cordially re ciprocated by Minister Kurino so that .rGresham had the co-operation of the Japanese Minister before the mes Ssage was transmitted-to Japanthrongh. Minister Dun. Since then the Minms ter has further co-operated with the Secretary and the kindly reply, with the imperial sanction is the result. A new and important situation is now presented by Japan's proposition that China make adirect offer through e This makes Mr. Dun the interesting scentre of negotiations from this time Sforward, unless the United States ashould decline to allow him to act as the direct representative of China in Ssubmitting' an offer. This is not an Sticipated, hiowever. -It is said that the eusual course would be for the State Department to notify Mr. Dun, and also Minister Denby at Pekin, that Sthey were at liberty to transmit from. China to Japan such direct pae over tures as the foj-mer desire to make. It would then he for China to formu elate its offer to Minister Deb.He in turn would transmit it to Minste -, Dun as China's direct offer and not as an intermediary offer through the -t United States. The state Department . undoubtedly would h a apprised of the h action of Messrs. I .nby and Dun, but would not be the channel of their s communication, as it is the basis of s5 Japan's new proposition that the offer -come direct from China- and not through the mediation of the United States. The reply of Japan is so con e ciliatory and receptive that it is point .ed outtiiat. Dun's skill as a diplomat ~t has sccpe for conspicuous service in o0 terminating the war. 'The action of the European powers ton the new phase of the question is now awaitedwith much interest. Ja 1pan's suggestio~n that Minister Dun w~ill be an acceptable medium of com 11munication from China in effect elim Sinates Great Britain, France and the d other powers from ueing factors in the d niegotiations. It is believed, however, from ofiicial information received s here that Russia, Italy and Germany .will certainly look with favor on Clhi .na's dealing through Minister Dun. d The same sources indicate that Austria e~ probably will give her adherence. a~s her membership in the Triple Alh 1ance makes her foreign policy similar d to that of Germany and Italy. The 1position of Germany has been so close t, ly anlalagous to that of the United o States thait it has been a question of Sdoubt withlin the last few days whethl n er GermIany igiht not be substituted nfor the United States in the offer of Sjmeditatiog. As ther-e is to be no me .diation. Germllany's position still re mains favorable to an adjustment .alon,<r the line~s suggested by Japan. It alW has already notified t'he allied poder that she cannot conseut to for eible intervention, which is equivalent .to a dleclaration in favor of a peacea ble settlement, such as would come through China's offer to Minister Dun. -It can also be stated positively that Great Britain has favored the reecnt . offer of mediation by the United t States on the g'rounds that it is pre . sumed it would- save China from utter t destruction and thus preserve the Brit . ish trade with China. Under these s circumstances it is believed by' officials ,and diplomats who are familiar with all the correspondence that the Euro pean powers cannot with propriety 'interfere with auy offer which China wishes to make directly through Unit .. ......... .. ..... U5),:)00.U Agricultural College stock. Claflin College. 95,900. Clemson College perpet ual fund stock........ .5S.539.3! Green consols outstanding. $326,236.54 Less estimated invalidity... 295,359.20 - 30.877.3. Bonds and stock (princi pal with interest to July 1, 1893) liable to be issued for old bonds and stock not included above................ 266.647.71 Total............ 6.476.544.04 The "general remarks" of the Treas urer are as follows. "It will be seen that under the au. thoritv of t ie act of 189.3 a further loan of mIonev was effected by his Excel lency the governor and myself during the year just closed. The loan anZ overdrafts reported last year have beer 4,idated. but a note for$50,000, witl interest, will become due January next. "In fulfillmentof the contract mad< by act of 1S92 with the holders of th< new brown 4 per cents, issued for re demption of the brown consols. the phosplaterovalty received from Janu ary 1. 1894, las been placed to th< credit of the sinking fund for the re duction of the said bonds and stock tc the amoniit of s56.373.73, of which th amount of $25.400 has been invested in securitiesas required by the act bi the commissionsrs charged with th4 performance of that duty. "For the disposal of the amount re ceived from the United States govern ient (17.919.72) on account of thi direct tax interest, some legislatioi may be required." PLANT LESS COTTON. Some Data Upon Which to Base Judgnen Given.. MONTGOMERY. ALA., Nov. 21.-Con missioner Lane of Alabama has issue< his address to the cotton growers o the South, which was authorized .b: the late meeting of cotton grower held in Montgomery. He says: Thi convention was called by myself fo the purpose of considering and devis ing means through which Southeri cotton growers might protect them selves from the many unfair device used to depress the values of ou chief staple. The most prominent on being ficticious reports fabricated i1 the main cotton markets sent out b cotton exchanges and emanating fror the minds of men who make a prect rious living as the bears on the cottoi market." He then quoteslargel v from printe estimates sent out by interested pat ties as to the size of the present cro] and shows by Egmres that it will no amount to anvthinr -.e what i claimed. He shows by th llowin; statement the benefits to be. - from the producers coming togethe and acting in harmony. Consequen upon the enormous crop produced i the season of 1891-92. a cotton conver tion was held in Memphis, under th auspices of the Mississippi Vallev Col ton Growers Association, and its rt sults as was the result of the receui convention at Montgomery, were en inently satisfactory to all engaged i: it. Tle express purpose of this meel ing was to take action towards the r duction of the cotton acreagd. Hoi well it succeeded in its effort the his tory of cotton crops will show. A d4 crease in acreage followed the ensuin season of 1892-93 3,456,439 acres, a a::reage that is larger than is plante in any one State with the exception c Texas. Pursuant to the Memphis co1 ton convention, cotton advanced ses enteen points in three days. Pursuar to the Montgomery meeting, cotto values advanced twenty-seven pointa 'Whether these two occurrences wer coinciderntal or whether they wer caused directly or indirectly by thes farmners in convention assembledi for the country to judge-but to m; raind, it is a practical demonstratio: of a fact that thne vibrations of the co ton mark-et are as sensitive and ri sponsive to the touch of a conventio of practical farmers as they are to th manipulation of metropolitan fakiri The dominating questions confrontin the farmers is, tirst to refute the in quitous reports being sent out by i scrupulous per'sonis, and bearing dow present prices, and secondly to co-al erate in an endeavor to again decreas the acreage by planting the same an producing more "home consumption crops. Over-production encourag< and fosters manipulation-and should be the effort of every intel] gent and patriotic citizen of thne Sout to enlist all the instrumentahlti available to-resist this current that: insiduously day by day drifting into the vortex of poverty and aest tution, and I respectfully solicit ti help of the press and the kind co-o] eration of all thoso interested in tli material wellfare of the South f< their assistancc in the accomlihshme] of this "consummation so devoutly 1 be wished." That the presen~t low prices of cc ton are abnormal is plain to all thinl ing men, and certainly so if the we accepted rule of political economis apply-" the cost of production of a article is a fair standard of its v-alue. The total visible supply in the worn is 222.205 bales less than in 1893 an 605.414 less than in 189)2. The currency and tariff questior are virtually settled and all the ind cat ions at present point to a speedy r turn of the general pro~sperity au cotton prices mnust naturally rul We~ are of thec opinion that after a this matter' cain only be accomplishe bi. inde'penndenit individual actio1 stimunilated by intelligent argumen and I shall undertake to prove that 1 a gr'eat extent. it is the over-produetic of cotton in excess of its consumpjtio that is causing the fallingoff in valut until it has reached that point whic makes it less than cain posibly beC pr< (luced by the South~ern planters. He concludedl his address by saying "The convention at Montgomery at journed to meet at .Jackson, Miss.. o the second WVedntesday in JIanuar.' 195whnen and where we will endeai or to go inito a permamenit orgamlZi tion under the name of thne Souther Cottoni Grower's Protective Assoein tion . 'The various governors of the South een ::tates will be requested to appoin fou r del egates from each Con gression ol District and three from the State a large. The Counissioners of Agr: culur'e were elected vice president for their respective States. I urg up on all farmers and others interest ed in this movement to attend th< meeting at Jackson as it is a questiat of the gravest importance to the corn