The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, November 21, 1894, Image 1

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VOL. X. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1894. NO. 17. WHY COTTON IS LOW. A SECOND ARTICLE FROM LAWRENCE YOUMANS. He RevIew% Past Monetary Conditions and Compares Themt With Prespent-Free Sil ver, He Thinks, is One Remedy for the Trouble. To the Editor of the State: In my previous article I conclusively demon strated that the great decliie in the price of cotton in 1819 was not due to over-production, but to financial changes which resulted in an enor mous contraction of the circulating medium and effected the price of all other commodities in the same ratio. I also demonstrated that the rise in price, from 1826 to 1836, was not at all due to diminished production. as the rapid advance took place in the face, as Professor Sumner says. "of increasing production, both here and in India, but was the result of large additions to the monev volume both here and in England. ~ The heavy de cline which began in 1837 and ended in 1848-prices falling from an aver age, in 1835, of 17 1-2 cents to 6 1-2 : cents in 1S48, was not due to overpro- : duction, but to a repetition of those s causes. which produced the decline : from 1819 to 1826-financial changes : which wrought a great contraction in < the volume of money. In 1829, Pres ident Jackson bezai his war on the - United States Bank and, defeating : every attempt to'renew its charter, terminated it by the downfall of the bank in 1836,when its charter expired. .In discussing his veto of the bill to re new this charter in 1832,the following predictions were made: Senator Clayton of Delaware, said, in a speech delivered July 11, 1832: "In less than four years the pecuniay distress, the commercial embarrass ments consequent upon the destruc tion of the United States Bank must < exceed anything which has ever been < known in our histor * ** bankrupt- ] cies and ruin, at the anticipation of I which the heart sickens-must follow i in the lono train of evils which are sredly fore us." 'el Webster said: (Works, vol. cre419.) "I hesitate not to say tas this veto travels to the West, it t t1 depreciate the value of every s property from the Atlantic States to the capital of Missouri its effects will be felt in the price of lands, the great and leading article of West- f ern property; in the price of crops, in the products of labor, in the repres sion of enterprise, and in embarrass ment to any kinds of business and Occupation." In anticipation of a vacum resulting i from the downfall of the United States I Bank, the local banks had been en- : couraged by the President to enlarge N their issues-these notes. of questiona ble validity, beginning to accumulate < in the government Treasury, whither i they had found their way, in purchase < of the public lands, the 'President in- I structed the Secretary of the Treasuy to issue the wel'2rvn-"specie'bircu- I lar," requiring all payment for public lands to be made in the precious met als. This circular, reviving the de mand for gold and silver, destroyed I most of the banks which had not gov ernment deposits at demand. Ie 1 subsequent demand for these deposits < in 1837, for distribution among the I States, as provided for by the act of< 1836, completed the ruin of the "peti banks." The sudden calling in of these deposits, which had been treat-] ed bythe banks as capital to be loan-i ed, began the panic of 1837, which fully verified the predictions of Sena tosCaton and Webster. In these pressing strats, the banks and business firms of America drew at - long time, on their houses of credit in: Europe, and, failing to meet these ob liga'ons, fell, and as they succumbed,i pled down with them nearly every< foreign house that dealt with the Uni ted States. So great was the runun' the Bank of Encrland that it tao ] sustain itself by 'loans effected with some difficulty from the Bank of2 France. The situation was thus pictured by Dobea, in his "Financial History i of Englnd" pages 322. 323: "A scene of bankrptcy ensued that beggars all 1 descriptions * ** A panic too'- place in England, in the course of which nearly all the houses engaged in the United States trade were swept away< * * * Immense bales of Americani paper securities. State stocks, canal< stocks, bank shares, railroad shares,1 etc, were sent to Europe, pledged for< what they would bring, and the pro ceeds remitted in gold and silver acrossi the Atlantic to pro p the tottering pa- 1 per issuing establishments of the va- 1 rious States * ** Such at least was< the condition of the coffers of the] Bank of England that she was re- I duced to beg the assistance from the < Bank of France; and the indirect aid < of that establishment alone saved her< from ruin." Alison, in dealing. with the same crisis in his history of Europe, vol. 3, 2ndseries, pao'es 314, 315and 316 says:< "Terror and 'istrust universally pre vailed; the machine of society, like s a huge mill turned by water, which< was suddenly frozen, came to a stand * ** A universal run took place upon 1 the banks, which being in a great de- I gree unprovided with cash, in conse- I quence of its having been drained away to the banks in the 'West, were a unable to meet the demand for specie I * ** Deprived of the wonted resource I of discounted bills to meet their en- I gagements. the greatest, as well as the smaliest houses, in all the commercial < cities became bankrupt. Two hun-t dred and fifty houses in New York stoppe payment in the first three< week-s of April; and in Boston, Phila delphia, Baltimore and the other cities on the coast, the devastation was not< less universal. Cotton fell from 14< cents per pound in 1835, to 7 1-2 cents, all other articles of export in a similar] proportion. Soon the distress spread like a pestilence through the various< ramifications of society. Public works, railwars, canals, were brought to a stand: the shipwright and builder dismissed their men: the manufactur er closed his doors: one sentiment per v-aded all classes-the anticipation of universal ruin and individual bggary.i * * Cotton, the great article of I commflOni export, had fallen in conse quence of the measures of government1 to 4 cents a pound, being not a third of what it had been three v-ears before, and that, although the la-st crop had been deficient rather- than the re verse." The prc of cotton which had aver-1 aged 17 1-2 cents in 1835, declined to] 101 1-2 cents in 1838 and to 6 1-2 cents in 1848. The decline firom 10 1-2 centsi ini 1838, to 6 1-2 cents in 1848, took place on an ahnost stationary volume ] )f production, averaging about two nillion bales per annumin. In 1849, on i crop four hundred thousand hales arger than any previously raised the )rice rose to 8 1-2 cents and continued o rise until it reached 12 1-2 cents, vlich price it held with slight varia ions for the next ten years, in the ace of an Increasing production that loubled itself in 1S59 and 1860. It is lie causes that produced this rise and ;ustained it for the next teii years, in le face of an increasing voluie, that oon doubled itself, which I now pro pose to consider. As the crises with which I have so ar dealt resulted. principally, from -hanges in the paper circulation. I lave not hitherto alluded to the more iiiperceptible influences .)f the volume )f the precious metals. But as they ,vill hereafter become the most impor ant factors in guessing the price of otton. I deem it necessary now to re race my steps, and consider their ef ect upon prices. Adam Smith. "Wealth of Nations." age 193. says,: "From the high or ow money price of goods in general, Pr of corn'in particular. we can infer mly that the mines which at that ime happened to supply the commer ial workt with gol aiid silver were 'ertile or barren. That is, the out put rom the mines governed the supply, Lnd the supply regulated the price. Ir. Jevons tells us that from 17S9 to 809 gold fell 46 per cent. This de line in its purchasing power was aused by a large augmentation of its olume, by an increased production rom the mines. But in 180S Bona arte invaded Spain and as the moth r country was overrun, the Spanish Uierican colonies, from whence this ncrease had been desired, began to ssert their independence. The con equent turmoil and unsafety of in estment banished capital fron the nining industry and the output being iminished by lne half, gold rose rap dly in value. speaking of this dearth of the pre ious metais aggrivated by the paper ontraction of 1819, R. H1. Patterson in iis "New Golden Age," volume 2. >age 211, says: "Perhaps the most mipressive testimony to the strange videspread distress which then lay ike a night-mare upon Europe. or in leed upon the whole civilized world, s that borne contemporaneously by he calm-minded philosophic historian ismondi, who wrote as follows in .827, of what lie justly called this great European calamity:' 'A ery of listmss is raised from all the manu acturing towns of the Old World. nd all the fields of the New World e-echo it. Everywhere commerce is truck with the same languor; every -here it encounters the sanie difficul y of selling * * * this period of dis ress went on. lightening merely for >assing moments, until suddenly in 848, the apprehension of Sismondi vas suddenly realized.' All society vas shaken to its foundations; gov rnments were overthrown by a wild nipulse. a grasping after some better >rder of things: and wars and revolu ions rolled over Europe, from the saltic to the Adriatic, and from the av of Biscav to the Euxine." t was of this epochI 1848, that Mr. ihepperson spoke in his interview ith the New York Tribune, repub ished a few days ago in the News and Courier, when he said: "In Octo er. 1848, under the influences of politi al disturbances on the contiment. and inancial panic in England, the price >f middlincr upland cotton, in Liver >ool, was forced to 3 3-8 pence. That vas the lowest quotation in the Liver ool market until now, when the price s down to 3 3-32 pence." This low price in 1848, as we have een, was not due to overproduction, or its volume had remained nearly tationary for the ten preceding years -it took place, however, after a forty ears dearth of the precious metals which had reduced the price of com nodities, cotton included, to nearly >e-third of their fornier value. Professor W. S. Jevons, in his 'Money and Mechanism of Exchange." >age35says: "From 1809 to 1849 It gold) rose again in the extraordinary atio of 100 to 245 or by 145 per cent, -doing what ?-rendering government snuities and all fixed payment ex ending over this period almost two .nd a hlf times as valuable as they were in 1809.'' Cotton is now lower by 5-32 of a >enny than it was it 1848. Why is it o low? From the same cause that re Luced the price in 1848-a dearth of he money metals. How was this earth occasioned? By discarding sil -er from the mints, and thus cuttino >ff one-half, or over, of the natural upply from the mines. Why was his lone? To make the dollar unit wice as valuable and to double the alue of all credits. How does this ouble the value of the money unit? t reduces by one-half the metallic asis of money and proportionately ontrols its volume, and as did the ontraction occasioned by the panics >f 1819 and 1837, reduces by one-half he value of all commodities. Whom does this benefit? All those ho live upon the labor of others-the reditor and income classes. Those ho receive salaries and annuities, nd whose charges are fixed by law or ustom. How does it benefit them? It ena es them to command twice as much abor and twice as much commodities or the same money. Whom does it injure? All debtors aid producers. How? By doubling he urdens of all debts, taxes and xed charges and diminishing by one ialf their power to pay them-a condi ion of affairs which al1lstandard writ rs agree does more injury to a coun ry than war. famine. or pestilence. Is h'e low price of cotton due to this state >f afairs? The comparative shrink ge in the volume of money and con equent depression of the price of all ommodities affects cotton to a great xtent, but there are other factors hich contribute to its alarming de ression. What are they? Cotton and iheat, without any correspondinig in rease of production. hav-e fallen lower n price than most other agricultural >roducts. *We have to expect a large urplus and compete with silver stand .rd countries for the markets of Wes ern Eur'ope. Silver having maintained ts purchasing and debt-paving power n tese countries. is worth as miuch or all domiestic purnoses as it was in 873, consequently t'hese silver couni ries can get just as mnuch;~ for their heat and cotton as they could twenty -ears ago, while we have to) sell for hout one-third. This bonus on their xports has proveni just what was pre icted by British statesmen years ago. hat the demnonetizat ion 01 silver would >rove the ruin of the wheat and cotton dustries of America, and the salva ion of those in silver countries. Whenu cottoni touched bottom in THE DEATH OF PARKER. N4 ORANGEBURG COUNTY INCIDENT OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. ow a Band of Tores Was Dispersed and Its Leader Killed by a Band of Patriots Under Command of Captain Rumph-A Daring Deed. The following interesting story of e Revolutionary War was printed the Southern Cabinet in 1840: After the seige and fall of Charles n in the year 1760. and the shameful olation of the articles of treaty by e British oilicers, the war in South irolina became essentially of a parti n character. The StiL wa-s over mi, but not subdued. Bold spirits ose everywhere to assert their >erties, ana they werefrmguently and stantaneously crushed by a powerful d unsparingfoe, andno recollection )w survives of themselves or their eds;-but not all of them thus per ted. One fearful contest tradition is preserved, which I will endeavor record:-a struggle of man with his low man-a pursuit,- a pistol shot id a death. Captain Jacob Rumphi, (known after e Revolution, better perhaps, as eneral Rumph,) of Orangeburg dis ict. was the commander of a trobp of .valrv, raised in his neighborhood to otett themselves and their families, ho lost no occasion of aiding their iends or annoying their enemies. iey are all gone :-history has not corded their names; but few bolder irits struck for liberty in that event I war. Captain Rumphi was a man prodigious size and strength. of eat courageaid coolness in the hour dainger. and though of a harsh and qperious disposition, no one was tter titted for the command of the rdv and intrepid men who compos his corps: They were usually dis rsed at their ordinary avocations on eir farms. but they united at a mo eiit's warning from their leader. Not long after Charleston was taken - the British. Capt. Rumph was re ring with two of his wagons, which (A been sent into Charleston with oduce. in charge of a Dutchman med fHouselighter: and while slowly lingr in comipany with his wagons on 41nali, but strong horse, his mind comily brooding over the oppressed d ahuosthopelesscondition of South rolina. he had reached a large pond. what is now called the old road. out seven miles below the village of -angeburg. when he was suddenly sed by the approach. of three men horse back, whom he instantly re riized as his most deadly foes. they re well mounted and armed like musel f, with sword and pistoL Wlen the horsemen had reached the posite side of the road to Captain niph, they halted for a moment and id have approached him nearer; t he. placing himself in the best sture of defence he could, called out them: "Gentleman, stand off-I wish to ye niothing to do with you." The Tories, for such they were. sur ved him for an instant; and after a ort conference with each other, to qpt. Rumph's great relief, rode on, U soon disappeared at the next turn the road. Rumph, though he saw with no little tisfaction, that the Tories had passed 1, yet was too well acquainted with em to suppose for a moment that he is to get off so easily. He knew very Al that the short respite they had us given him was only, that with an creased force he mighit become their ey with less danger to themselves. e rightly conjectured, that the three to had passed him on the road, were ly scouts sent to apprehend him if tarmed, and who, if he had incau >usly suffered thenm to approach him. >uldl have shot him down while off s guard. Casting his eyes about a moment, r means of escape from his wily foes c danger of his situation became ful apparent. The three troopers he iew belonged to the corps of the nguinary Cunningham, a part of Lich, lhe was certain, was in the ighborhood, under the command of eC of his subaltern officers: and Capt. imph, after carefully surveying his uation, became fully conscious of his tremie danger of failing into the nds of his merciless foes. He was ounted upon a strong but slow horse d the thought of escape on horse ck was abandoned by him without sitation. He was armed with a sty cut and thrust sword and a ace of pistols: but it would have en madness, lhe well knew, to think exposing liimself to such odds as he is sure would be brought against m. There was no time to be lost. is only chance of escape at once 1shed across his mind, and he imme itely set about executing it. He de his horse up to the poiid already entioned, and tied him fast to a e. lie then took off the greater rt of his clothes and left them near s horse, to induce the suspicion that had concealed himself in that pond. But that was very far from his real tention. He walked in the wa:er ar the margin of the pond, until he d gained the side opposite to which had tethered his horse, and choos Swith some caution the place at 'ich lie could best leave it. lie set off a rap~id rate through the pine woods e homne, a distance of some sixteen iles. in the mean time, the three troopers 10~ as Capt. Rumiph truly supposed, i-e a piarty dletached to seize h im if 'r coutld. retiiurned to thieir- main dy,. cnsistinig of abo~ut twenty men der the commjnand of Lieutenant rker, anid reporctted thme sitiuationl in ichi they had left Capt. Rumph. th out loss of time the whole party. o!Y to overtaken him. Upon their rival ait the ponid. they found' that wagoncs ha~d proceeded but little stance from thie spot whuich they oc pied when the thren Tories passaed mi. anmd Capt. lIuunnph's horse alnd >hes wereC ini the samno situation ini ich they had bsen left, bcy him. The iclic parLty rode up to the wagon. and reel inuiriied of poor Hfous-lighuter, 10 wasi' pile with terror,' where urnphi was H-le pointe-d to the pond. d theyc-' rode upi to) the place where :-hics wast'vied, and whren they saw se.lothes andu othier signs of Rlumph's ring taken to thle pond, they suir umde(d it oni every side, and (is >utinig they entered it swordl in ud, and searched cevery place where coul p( jossibly hav-e bceen concealed. .t their search was frutitless. uiiph was far on his way towards ime, before those who were so eager thirstinig for his blood could satisfy mnselvyes that lie was not there. skted bw tim me.-u of thm nrey to-day, I have been informed by those who remember it that the very same opinion of over-production was enter tained. At this time of general depres- A sion and business stagnation, when the cause of mankind seened very much as it does now, almost hopeless. what was it that gave relief-a cotton trust, or a curtaihnent of production as recommended by Broker Roddey? No. sir. The only remedy that will give any relief now-an expansion of the currency, a well distributed circu lation, sufficiently commensurate with the increase of poulation and the ex- t pansion of enterprise and industry. il In 1848 gold was discovered in large quanties in California, and, in 1851, in large quaities in Australia; the an nual increase of the money volume vi was almost immediately doubled, tre- tl bled and nearly quardrupled. The C bonds of debt and taxes were relaxed sti and soon wore 'ff under the prodigi- ri ous stimulus of renovated industry ai and general prosperity. This decade, lil from 1850 to 1860, is sfill referred to as in the most prosperous in our natien's ai history-the national wealth doubled n< itself and 36 per cent. over during d< these ten years. The crop of cotton. is amounting to 2,423.000 bales of '47 and h: '48 and thought to be an over supply tc as it sold for an average of 6 1-2 cents. fe was more than doubled, in 1859, and ai brought about 12 cents. Patterson in his "Golden Age." Vol ti II. page 22, says: "So the long distress G quickly came to an end. and there tr after was well nigh as much forgotten ct as if it had never existed. More s the pi pity : For it is by a stud'y of that time w that we may best learn to avoid, at no f distant date, a recurrence of the sune 'I evil anti-industrial and anti-comnier- re cial influence * * The gold mines for sl: a while made Euroupe young again." fu Said the historian Alisoin, Vol. 1V.. of 2nd series, page 31S: -The annual gi supply of gold and silver for the use of of the globe was by these discoveries in suddenly increased from an average Ix of ten niillion pounds, to one of thirty- h five million pounds. * * * That ed which for five and twenty years had p( been awaiting a currency commensur- tl ate to the increased numbers and trans- m actions of the civilized world, was now supplied by the beneficient hand of bi nature. The era of a contracted cur- tu rency. and consequent low >rices and h general misery, interrupted by pasmi p) gleams of prosperity was at an (end1. i Prices rapidly rose: wages advaniced ii ri4 a similar proportion, exports and un- a ports e:normously increased. wihile g] crime and misery as rapidly diminish- a I ed."IC, In my third and last article. I shall oi attempt to trace the subtile influence al that mnanipulated the money vohnie 0h afterthe waranditsetfects upon prices. ro particularly the price of cotton. I o think I shall show that all these catch en words. "honest money," "sound mion- w1 ev" and "full value money," partake Iii very much of the nature of the cry of "catch thief." and are ingeniously )uIt 61 forth by the thinking few to hoodwimk R the unihinking many: anl veil the w, gigantic robbery and dishonestv of the bt gold standard, which is working the p degradation and industrial ruin of our to people. Its effects, not wo sud den as the panics of 1819 and 1837, but witha h: progress as steady as the movement of the hand oi the dial plate, in compar- VC ison with the expansion of industry sli and the increase of population. is pro- C: ducino- a constant and pitiless contrac- ai tion tlat is every day adding to the of purchasing power of the money nint and reducing the p rice of all the pr'o- sa ducts of labor. Taking two dollars for or the creditor when only one should be th~ p aid by the debtor-it is furnishing a w; harvest for greedy capital and graspmng w< brokerage that is running our homes thi and pauperizino the great masses of ini our citizens; anti has nearly reduced pm us to the Jews in the time of Nehemnai- HI al, the Athenians before the advent of w: Solon and of the Romans after the o1 first Gallic invasion.m This money power seems to control ti< legislation and, to a great extent, to w exercise a commanding influence over hi the press. To us the language of Sal lust, "Pecuniam omnibus modis vex- fo ant." (They have troubled money ini th~ every way) and as was said by Juven- ly al, "are <devouring the people to the ki verv bones." L. W. Youmans. sa NAITX, S. C., Nov. 7, 1894. w: . Bonds will be Issuned. or WASHINGTON, Nov. 13.-There is no longer any doubt that an issue of s1 bondshas been definitely decided upon. e-3 and it can be stated on good authority ht that a circular asking for bids will be mn issued during the present week. prob- am ably by Thursday. It is fully realized be that the gold reserve has now reached h< a point where it could be complletelv tr whiped out by a few heavy shipments, bi and it is thought to be the part of wis- b( dom not to wait until the gold in the of treasury is practically exhausted be- w fore making an effort to recoup it. hi Wednesdar last Mr. Carlisle. after H several consultations with the presi- i dent, wrote to Presidenit Stewart, of di the U'nited States Loan and Trust com.. ro pany of New York, reciting the law il as to anm issue of bonds, and asking his ti' opinion as to which class of bonds M. could be placed at this time to the ni greatest advantage to the gover'ninent. hi The result of this correspondence was - that the president and Mr. Carlisle de- m" cided to make the forthcoming issue m the same in amount and rate, and, in h nearly all other important particulars, he( the same as the February issue. TIhem circular is now being prepared. amnd W indications point to an official an- at nounceiment at once. - Judge Killed. NASHViLLE, Tenn.. Nov. 14.-Chan- W] cellor Andrew Allison of this city' was w< shot and killed in the corridors of the th~ count y court house here ?mt 1 o'clock 1w this alternoon by Geor'ge Wh itwvorth , urii (e-clerk and master of the Davidson~ P: County Chancery Court. Whxitworth Iiw then attempted to commit suicide and XX inflicted what will prob~ale pr'ov' a se* fatal wound on himself. WhIit worth a was appointed to his olice by .Jude th Allison and served one term. At thec de expiration of that term a few days e~C since Judge Allison appointed his son, th ranville Allison, to succeed Whg~ ch worth. It was this fact that instigated wl the murder. ,Iudge Allison wa r i' eeted to his oflie of C'hance'llor' in lie August last. lie was as man of about \' fifty years of age and a menmber of an old and prominent family. A Queer Snleide'. li: NoRw10Hmr Conn., Nov. l4.i--ary'h Neilson, 25 y-ears old, of Phiiladelphi in, ro while dining with a party of friends im in this city,- in response to a toast, ha laughngly' drank a glass of carbolic lhe awthsuicidal iintent, and died It soon afteriwards. Not one of the par i- 1n ty suspected that the liquid was poison hc until its fatal result was seen. G rief lv at the death of her husband led to theo th which they were so confident they had in their sp, while one part scoured the neig iboring woods in search of Capt. Ruxnph, the other part of the wagons. and after taking such of the horses as could be serviceable to them, they stripped the wagons of every thing they could carrry away, anc burnt them to ashes with the remain ing part of their freight. They wor ried poor Houselighter until he was ready to die with fear, and left him. Capt. Rumphi reached home about sun-setwith the determination to give his pursuers chance of a fight with less odds on one side; and he immediately set about collecting the scattered mem bers of his corps. This was soon ac Comprlished-and they, about twenty five in number, were rady to set off in pursoit of. the Tories by day-light the next morning. This party had proceeded for several hours on their way, and had nearly reached the spot where the wagons of their leader had been burned the day before, and which was the scene of his perilous*escape. when they were in formed That the Tories, not far below, were feedingtheirhorses near the road and were wholly unprepared, for an attack. The patriots were extremely anxious to be led to the charge. Just before their eyes werethe evidences of the wantbn destruction of property by the Tories, and their memories could readily suply numberless instances of their 'horrid. barbarity, rapine, and murder. They proceeded at a quicken ed pace alng the road, and soon their enemies appeared in the' situation in which they had been described, with their horses carelessly feeding with their saddles on, their bridle-bits out of their mouths, and their riders 1 ing about in groups or sleeping apart from from the rest on the ground. No sur prise could have been more complete. The Tories discovered their opponents at the distance of three or four hun dred-yards, and at once prepared for fight. They soon caught their horses bridled,them, and in and instant were mountedand flying in every direction. "Save who can, was the only word. Capt. Rumph andhis Troopersdashed down u, n them, and as the Tories scattered' every one for himself, the patriots were obliged to single out and pursue, as they were nearly equal in number, almost every one his man. Various were the results of that fight and pursuit. It was the fortune of Lieutenant Parker, the officer in command of the Tories, to be singled outby Licutenant Wannamaker, of Capt. Rumph's troop. Wannamaker was a man of singularboldness and true devil-may care sort of spirt. He was a fine horse man, and on this occasion was uncom moulv well mounted. In this respect, however, -he was not eniorto Par ker; for after a-ohae :Amarly two miles, Waim!dar har 'ned but little if any upon Parker- t. unfor tunately for the latter, aftr keeping well ahead for thatdistancerand while looking bWck to see if the enemy was gaining upon him, his horse - carried him Tiunder a stooping tree, which struck- him a vioitat blow upon the liff shoul der as he rode under it and knocked him nearly off, and in his struggle to recover himself his saddle turn and got under the belly of his horse. In that situation he rode for some dis tance at an evident disadvantage, and Wannamaker begnto gain upon him. Parker's horse, however, broke the girth, and the saddle fell, so that Par er was again for a while able to keep Wannamaker at a safe distance. But it soon became apparent, to Parker's great dismay, that has hose's wind was failing from being ridden without a saddle. In vain he whippe and spur red his jaded horse. Vannamaker was shortening the distance between them at every leap. Parker beheld him nearly within pistol shot; and, frightened beyond measure, he took off his hat and beat his horse on the sides with it to accelerate his speed. It succeeded for a moment, but the fagged horse had done his utmost. 'W annamaker was just behind and called out to him with presented pistol. "Parker. halt! or I will kill you." Parker heeded not, but continued with renewed violence his blows with his hat. Wannamaker approached nearer and called to him again; but still he rode on. Wannamaker called to him again, the third time, and of fered him quarter; but the unhappy man knew that he had no right to ex pect that mercy which he had never given, halted not "Halt, Parker," says Wannamaker "I have told you the last time." Parker rode on. Wannamaker fear ing something might occur to incline the chances against him, approached the doomed man within half a horses length and fired. Parker rode erect for a moment: but his hold soon re laxed-he fell backwards on his horse -rolled heavily off, and expired. J. says He Can Restore Life. SYRACUSE, N. Y., Nov. 13.-Dr. P. J. Gibbons, of this city, this afternoon forwarded to Governor Flower an ap plication for permission to try his the ory of the resuscitation of human be ings "killed" by electricity, on Charles F. Wilson. who is to be electrocuted at Auburn State prison for the murder of Detective Harvey, of this city. Dr. Gibbons said to me: ".X bave been present at the autopsies of elec. trocuted murderers, and have care fully studied the reports of autopsies of this character made by other scien itfic men. We find no pathological change, no.change in the blood, and no destruction of any vital organs or tissues which we would have in death. and could determine cause of death in the autopsy. I have always con tend~ed that execution by electricity is painless, and that it renders the subject instantly- unconscious. but very ofteni does not prodluce deat. -I assert that the condition produced is suspendeld animation, excepting when the electrocuted one be physically we'ak. having heart disease. aneurism,. or1 somel( other similar affection. in whic kh ease the diseased parts are fre qjuently ruptmured by the shock. '-iv initention is to discover sonme means of saving the lives of those ac cidentalhly shocKked. I will have every thing in readiness aind will ope(rate upon the body as soon as the surgeon pr~oounces death. We will apply pr'ompltly a current of electricity to keep up body heat and body electrici tr. My me-thods and~ appar'atuis arec smple. The latter consists of two bellows so arranged that they enter the one tube. The distal( lid of the tube we insert through the neck, as in k-acheotomiy. WVhen we depress the handles one bellows inflatesthe lungs. and wh'len we elevate the handles the othier exhausts the lungs, and on the next dlepr!ession drives the air into space. This-operation is continued. I would not be discouraged till ut least FOREST FIRES- . A Colorado Town Destroyed-Large Lost of Lives and Property. BOULDER, Col., Nov. 15.-A foresl fire which was started from a camp fire last evening has been raging all night and today North of the miming camp of Gold sill, a town of five hun dred inhabitants, fifteen miles from here. The timber is as dry as powder and a fierce wind carried'it over five miles of dense timber in a short time. Fifty people came into Boulder this afternoon in wagons from Gold Hill, mostly women and children. They report that the business men and min ers were carrying what goods and property they could into the mining tunnels and had abandoned hope of saving their stores and dwellings. - A courier arrived at Boulder at 1:30 p. m., reporting that all the buildings at Camp Talcott, a short distance from Gold Hill, were burned except the stamp mill and that the fire had reached the Western prtion of Gold Hill, burning the mill of the Prus sian mine. Several ranch houses were burned this morning,. two men named Eihler and Zaman being badly burned. At 3 p. m. the fire was spreading to ward the town of Copper Rock. The gravity of the case is fully appreciated here at Boulder and the utmost ex citement prevails. It is believed many small camps will be burned. The resi dents of Gold Hill who have not come to Boulder have assembled on the top of Horsefel Mountain and are watch ing the progress of the flames as they consume their former homes. The wind is blowing furiously and drives the fire before it in large sheets of flame. The property loss will amout to over $1,500,000. There will necessa rily be great destitution. Among the business houses at Gold Hill are the following: Frank Body, general merchandise and postoffice; Dr. Tro vilian, drug store; Johnson and Haw kins, general merchandise store; James Corvell, boots and shoes; Mrs. J. Murphy, hotel. SEEN FORTY MILES AWAY. DENVER. Col., Nov. 15.-At 3 o'clock a fierce wind and dust -storm struck the city from the North, filling the air so that it was impossible to see across the street for a long time. Many plate glass windows and awnings were de stroyed. The temperature fell 20 de grees in thirty minutes. Before the storm broke dense clouds of smoke could be plainly seen rolling up the mountains around Gold Hill forty miles distant. At 6 p. m. a wet snov began falling but it is probably to late to save Gold Hill from destruc tion. LOSs OF LIFE LARGE. MEMPHIs, Tenn., Nov. 15.-Reports from the forest districts in this vicini ty show that while the loss of proper ty is not great, considering the extent of the territory covered, the loss of life exceeds apprehensions. Within fifteen miles of Memphis three lives have been lost by fire in the past twc days, and there are rumors of a fear. ful burning in Xrkansas, where five lives were lost. The remains of five human beings were found, with the flesh and clothing all burned off, in St. Francis bottom, all within a quar ter of a mile of each other. There are fears that they are the remains of a party of hunters froni Texas that went into that country last week, but there is nothing to support this except the number of the bodies. Fatalities in this county are peu liary distressing. Fanny Wood, an age negress, had her dress ignited as she fled from a burning house,and she ran, surrounded by flames till she fell dead. Pitt Roy, a nine-year-old boy. ran into his father's house, which was afire, to save sorme property. Th( house collapsed and he was burned tc death before many spectators. The name of the third victim could not be ascertained. THE DESTRUCTION VERY GREAT. LONDON, Nov. 15.--As a result of the violent winds, heavy rains and overflowing rivers the inhabitants of some of the river side villas at Etor and Windsor are obliged to approach the doors of their houses in boats. U p wards of a-thousand persons in Bath are rendered homeless by the over flowino- of the Avon. Generally the rainfall continues, but the gales have subsided. LONDON, Nov. 15.-The British sip~ Culmere, Captain Read, last reported at Hamburg, October 1. from Iquiqui, foundered in yesterday's gale eighty miles off Spurnhead,Yorkshire. Twen ty-two persons were drowned, includ inn- the captain and his wife. Eight bolies were washed ashore at Worth ing this morning. It is believed that the British steamer Zande, last report ed at Hamburg, November 1, from Saffi, also was lost yesterday. Heavy floods are reported on the island of Cyprus. A dispatch from Liamsol says twenty-one persons were drown eand that the number of domestic animals destroyed is far into thous ands. A Curious Case. CINCINNATI Nov. 14.-A subpoena for the arrest of Col. Coit, who com manded the militia at Washington Court House during the iscent riot over the attempted lynching of two men, has been issued. The subpona cites that Col. Coit was wante as a witness at the trial. His friends have urn-ed him not to accept service on the su~poena, as they claim it is merely a ruse on the part of the authorities of Washington Court House to get him there and thcn place him in jail on the charge of murdler. They state that the feeling against him is so intense at the latter place that his life would be in jeopardy. . The members of the lo cal militia are greatly excited over the affair and some of the hot-headed ones advise that the militia go to Washing ton Cour-t House without uniform's, but with their muskets loaded and act as a body guard. It is stated that Col. Coit has'i telegraphed Governor Mc Kinley asking what he (Coit) shall do in the matter. The Governor is re piorted to have advised C'ol. Coit to go to Washington Court House in re sponse to the subpoena and that if lie finds that matters there are of such a character that his life is in daunger, the Governor will order out the miltia to protect him andl preserve order. Up to a late hour this afternoon Col. Coit had not decided whether or not lie would go. ____________ Sheriff Cook Lost. W~AsuINoTON COURTHOUsE, 0., Nov., 13.-The official plurality by which Sheriff Cook, Republican, upon whose request the militia where called out to protect a negro assailant from a mob, resulting in the shooting down of sev er-al persons, was defeated last Tuesday is 1,727. This isa Republican county, and gave large lulrahlties to the other PLANb Q1- It'HL eUULi%')1.> Stewart, of Nevada, Will Lead an Indepe dent Minority. WASHINGTON. Nov. 13.-Senat Stewart, of Nevada, the Populist up whose aid the Republicans count control the organization of the ne: senate, reiterates emphatically that I will aid neither of the old parties ui less. they, pledge themselves to fr< silver. "I don't care," he said, "which the old parties control the machinei of the senate. There is no advanta' to us to be gained by a combinatio with either the6 Republicans or tl Cleveland Democrats. We do n< care for the few paltry offices to 1 bestowed, and could not afford to sa< rifice our independence as a party ft them. So far as I am personally coi cerned, I do not -are whether the put me on any committee or wh: they do with me, as long as I am e] titled to my seat in the senate and ca oet into the chamber. In fact, le added, growing emphatic, "I ca raise more h-1 when entirely fre from such obligations than whe bound by them." The senator says he thinks the Poi ulists will be able to exercise a moi potent influence by keeping entire] a loof from the old parties; that it ish opinion that this is the policy whic will be pursued by the People's part in the senate, and that he will advis that this policy be pursued. B thinks there is no doubt that when til test comes Senator Jones will act i full harmony with the Populist sen; tors, and that if Governor Tillma should be chosen to succeed Senat< Butler he also would be found in tl Populist column, with the two sen, tors to be chosen from North Carolin: This would give the Populists eigl senators as against 42 Republicans an 38 Democrats after March 4. "The only ground." he said, in coi clusion, "on which I should be wil ing to unite with the Republicai would be on a platform pledging th: party to a free silver policy. I do n want any half way measure. such,, the coinage of American product. as should krow that whatever was pror ised would be nothing but a trap. do not propose to be caught with an; thing less than a compliance with oi complete demands." Senator Petfer. another of the Po ulists to whom the Republicans loc for aid. and of whom it has been ri mored that he would rejoin the R publican party, has just arrived fro, Kansas. He declined to discuss ti orgdnization of the Senate, but said the time should come when the Pop' lists should hold the balance of powi in the Senate he had no doubt "the would exercise that power consciei tiously and wisely." When asked if lie believed Gove nor Tillman would co-operate with tl Populists if he should be elected to tI Senate; Mr. Peffer replied that I could not say, as Governor Tillma had never outlined his intentions i that respect. He called attention 1 the fact that Mr. Irby, who was su posed to share the political views < Governor Tillman, had remained i the Democratic ranks. "Still," 1 added, "the time must soon con when all Democrats believing as Til man and Irby do, must ally ther selves openly with the Populist part; The Eastern Democrats are to all i tents and purposes Republicans ar Democrats of the Tillman-Irby strii cannot long remain in the same part oroganization with them." MIr. Peffer said that the Populis had polled 125,000 votes in Kansa against 105,000 in 1S90, and that the failed because they were not fust with the Democrats. He believes th about 2,000,000 Populist votes we polled in the country, and that b1 party's future is hopeful." How Cotton Seed May be Utilized. I wish to make a practical sugge tion that if promptly acted upon I those having hogs to fatten, will sa' thousandsof dollars tothe State withi the next sixty days. Contrary to pi vailing opinion,:cotton seed, if proper: mixed with other food, so as to mal a properly balanced ration, is ti cheapest hog food we possess and pe fectly safe. Thev are to be foundc every farm and are now being sold; one-half their value considered as stock food, as compared with the mai ket value of corn. There isan abuni ant crop of sweet potatoes, which cai neither be marketed nor preservedi advantage. Cotton seed and swe potatoes mixed in proportion of one< the former to three of the latter, ar boiled together will give a hog foc superior in every respect to corn at absolutely safe. To those not havir potatoes and useing corn as a sole fa tening ration, I would suggrest to mi cotton seed and corn bushel for bus' el and grind together or cock. Fe according to either menthood eve] bushel of cotton seed is worth to ti fanner as much as a half bushel< corn,or at the present pr'ice of corn cents per bushel, while their preser market price is less than half. Crit cisms of above suggestions will 1 cheerfully and scientifically discusse< "NELPER." The above suggestion comes fro' the Columbia State and we give iti our readers for what it is worth. would be advisable to try it carefull at first, until assured of its value.] true it is of great advatage to the farn ers. A Word for Apple,. Dr'. G. RI. Searles, of Brooklyn. 3 Y., thus d's)ourses on the apple: medicine: "The apple is such Con mon fruit, that very few pe::sons i familiar with its remnarkabi v eflicae ouis medicinal p~roperlties. EverybodI ought to know that the very be: tiling they can do is to eat apples ju: before retiring for the night. P~ersor uninitiated in the mysteries of t! fruit are liable to throw'up their hanm in horror at tile v~isions of dyspepsi which such a suggestion may sununmo up. hut no harm can come to) eveni delicate systeni by the entir ' of r'ip and1 juicy aplies just before goingt bed. The apple is an exce'll ut bru food, because it has more phosphmoi acidI in easily disgestibleshape than anr other vegectable kno)wn. It eXcitPs th, action of the liver. priomiotes so)un and healthy sleep. andU thioro4ughmly di~ infects the niouthi. Thie is niot all. Th applle agglutinates the s.urplu ac'ids the stomach. helps the kidne'y sere tionus and prevenits caleulus growths it obviates indigestion and~ is one (o the best preventives kuiowun of disease of the throat. Everybody should b familiar with suc'h knowledge, and hope you will help disseminate it. L addition. 1next to the orange and th lemon, it is the best anditote for th thirst and craving of the person adl dicatedl to the alcohol or the opiun TilE UUTI IUA I. n WHAT MR. ALF. B. SHEPPERSON HAS >r TO SAY ABOUT IT. The Largest Crop Ever Made Was Nine Ct le Million Two Hundred Thousand Bales In I- 890-91-Half a Million Acres Less Plant .e ed this Year. ) CHARLESTON. S. C.. Nov. 14.-With 7 a view to finding out just how much e credit was to be given to the recently 11 published statement of the present cot eC ton crop of 10,000,000 bales, and- to >t put before its readers a trustworthy C and intelligent statement of the cotton situation at the present time, the ir Charleston News and Courier applied L- to Mr. Alfred B. Shepperson, of New v York, the well-known cotton statisti t cian, and author of that invaluable - trade medium of the cotton trade, Cot tol Facts, and received the following re ly: ne EW YORK, Nov. 8.-Cotton has de e clined again today, chiefly I under n stand, upon a crop estimate just is sued by ir. Neill of New Orleans,that - the crop will be over ten millions of 'c boiles. The crop is undoubtedly a Y large one, but I confess that I am un IS able to see any basis for such a large h estimate. The largest crop ever gTown F in this country was that whici was e planted in 1890. The vield of that e crop was probably 9,'200,000. The .e commercial crop of that season was 11 8,674,000 bales and the difference be X- tween this and the quantity which I n1 have given as the probable yield was >r marketed in the following season. ie There is no evidence whatever to prove that the acreage of the crop now . being marketed was any- larger than Lt that of the crop of 1890-91, nor is there d any evidence to my mind at least, th" ' the weather conditions have beei - more favorable this year than in 1890. 1- I am at a loss, therefore, to understand is to what cause or causes can be reason it ably attributed a yield so much in ex > cess of the monster crop of 1890. s The acreage in 1890 was about 20, I 500,000 acres, and I do not think any- - 1- one has claimed or will claim that it I was any more this year. The depart ment of agriculture has been makng tr since Feb. 1, a careful investigation of the cotton acreage and has em ployed a special agent for the purpose, k who has travelled throughout the - South. and has igv 'tited the mat - ter, as I am infl, .in the most U thorough manne? ible. The Act le ing Secretary 61 A iculture wrote if me on October 25, that th-e iresult of 1- the investigation was that the acreage r in LS93 was 19,525.000 acres. There Y has been but a small increase in acre '- age this year over 1893, the depart ment of agriculture calling the in - crease less than 1 per cent., so that the e acreage of the crop now comin' m is, e according to the department of agri le culture's estimate, about 19,650,000 n acres. n Let us assume that the department :0 has under-estimated it somewhat and P- that the acreao'e is as much as*!^0,00, )f 000 acres. THis, as you will see, is n 500,000 acres less than 1890, and yet Le we are asked to believe that upon an te acreage of 500,000 acres less than in l- 1890 a crop of a million bales more - has been grown. I am not prepared to accept such a conclusion, because 1- it is utterly repugnant to reason and d common sense. ie At these low prices,or anything like y them, the tendency will be to largely increased consumption of cotton ev ts erywhere, and there will evidently be s, upon the part of spinners a general y disposition to buy cotton greatly in lexcess of their wants for the season. it because at these prices they can well .e afford to carry in the mill warehouse is a large supply of cotton in the next season. There can be no question that unless the price advances very greatly by the s- time for planting the next crop that y the acreage devoted to cotton will be e reduced to an extent that it never has n been curtailed before, from one year e- to another. So great a reduction in y -acreage would cause beyond doubt an ce advance as g'reat and as rapid as the 1e(- decline has been. When preparations r- -were made for planting this crop mid in dling cotton was worth S cents in New it York, and should there be a g'reat re- - a duction of acreage this spring it will r- be very likely to go to 8 cents again soon after the next crop is planted, n and the world recognizes the fact be :o yond dispute that the acreage has 3t been, and consequently that the sup {ply of cotton will be greatly reduced. d ) sympathize deeply with the South ern people because of the great depres d sion which has overtaken their staple g crop, and from the manner in which t- cotton is being' rushed to market it X looks to me as if when the advance in I- cotton comes it will not benefit the rd planters because they will have sold Y all of their crop, and that the spinners Le and speculators alhne will reap the i benefit of the tardy. Ivance. Yours very truly, LtALFRED 5I. SHEPPERSON. eA Just Finding. l- Commei~s, 0., Nov 15.-Coroner Ed wards of Fayette County today re n' ported his findings in the inquests o upo thebodies of the persons who [t were killedl by the voller of the mili Ytia defending the court hiouse, where fthe rapist Dolby was confined. The SCoroner holds tile shooting to have b~een unjustifiable and holds Sheriff Cook and Colonel Coit, who were in command of the militia, responsible for the fatal results. Tile finding was not uniexpected. The Coroner is ani e uncle of one of the v ictims. So far as cain be learnied to-nighit nlo warrants ha d been issued for the arrest of the mnen but We lsh, the father of one of tthe victims, w'ill swear out the war ra.ntsto-morrow.~ Colonel Coit's frienids >r'otes t'against Iias beimg taken to \YLsh ingto.n Curt 1House without a tion. Gioernor Mc \inleCv re(fuses to dliscuss tb'ma fjti'r, but if it is made ~apparenit that the lives of the oflieers will be end (anrcered he will send a suf eiient force fori thiri pr2otectioni. The ~cling g.ainist coununity is growinlg eryVU' str'ong in ot.her parts of the State. C sen-ible Fanners. DA1~ LLAS. Nov. 14.-The planters here'c are determnined not to plant more than one-half of this year's acreag'e of cotton next season, as at the present -market price the cost of production is in excess of the selling price from 1 to 2 cents per pound. Every bale of this yeal's Texas cotton will be marketed within sixc weeks. The Old Story. ATLANTA. Ga., Nov. 15.-Three nie giro c'hildren wer'e burnelid to death - near Chipley. Ga., yetra.They Spar'eni t ad tihe house caught on tir