The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, December 02, 1891, Image 1

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- 1~ P -. VOL.~~~~#2 A NIN--I T. ;Y that prov:s'n b made o vr a re-asses meat o: la!nd next year. In t his counec tion I wold urg thc nece'ssty of change in -he county governrnuiits anu the; mode o: assessing r roperty. COUNTY GOVERNMENTS. The oftice of county commilssione should be abo'ished, and in place of it: aovernruent by townships substituted Three inteIzigent men iu each township elected by the voters thereof. should b entrus ted w:th the management ot th roads and bridges, schools, and assess ment of nronerty in the same. Th chairmen ot these locat boards shoul, eoietituic a county board to manage th count, finances, atrdit accounts and or der exvenditures. The salaies. if any paid these town'hlp commissioners, o s.4ectmen, can be determined by th voters or fixed by law. The Constitu tion can be changed to abolish the offic of county schbool commissioner, and thes changes will 3nevitably resuls in a grea saving to each county, while there wil he a corresponding increase in efilciency Property will be assessed at its rea value, and millions now hidden will b made to pay their share of taxes. Thi county board should also constitute th county board of equal zation, instead c being appointed as at present by th auditor. In this connection I suggest the pr priety of requillm all notes, etc., to stamped by the ,ounty anditor an placed on tax books to make them col lectible by aw. Make the note shave or lender pay taxes as well as the lan owner whose property stands in h name, while he perhaps owes as muc as it~ is worth. Equity would requi that a man deduct his debts from hi property and pay tax on the remaindei This is impraticable. but it is better thm property shall be trebly taxed, bot A btor and creditor oaym, than th the debtor must pay double, as he j obliged to do, and the creditor pay not ing, as is too often done. )EFAULTERS. The mvestigations by different office daring the year have brought to ligl the fact that the "ieipient rottenness charged last year as existing in the zol ernmenL was not a myth. A sbortag 'of $5,52S was discovered in tho office c the Adj utant and Inspector General, 'like dencit of e930 in the account of tb Clerk of the Penitentiary, and the Cool troller General has found sbortages sti uastiled in the treasurers' offices Charleston, Sumter and U nion aggrega Ing $9.60S. That officer says in his r( port that there had been a good deal < money made good of which no mentio is maae, and that in neariy every cour ty irregularities and errors existed, tb amounts aggregatig upwards of $20,00( which he collected and turned into tt treasury. These are the fruits of s examination of the books for one ye only. What would be unearthed if tt investigations were carried back sever years, is left to conjecture. THE ASYLUM. At your last session a special con mittee was appointed to investigate tt - th iD tin Tis commi fei~ean a a l par, snu; Zm taking voluntary testimony from son of the employces of the institution, a< journed without completing its wori They found, as I afterward learned, thi one of the ismates had been allowed t retain a pistol in his possession, ani otherreprehensible irregularities. Shor ly afterward this same patient made murderous assault on one of the atter dants, and the matter being cadledt my attentiOn I immediately summone the committee to come back and cor elude its labors. T wo of the member Dr. Strait, Senator fronm Lancaster, at Dr. Goodwin, member of the Hcus from Greenville, responded; and as am, under the Constitution, charge with the appointment of all officers an employees of the imstitution, I wer with the committee and we made thorough and searching investigatic into its management. A stenographe was employed, who took down all irr portant testimony, a part of which wi be printed for your information to a< company the report of the committe< We found that there had been very la discipline and negligence, attributabi to the superintendent, Dr. P. E. Griffli and after giving that gentleman an o1 portunity to disprove the charges mad against him, which he refused to accep1 he was removed and the institutio placed temporarily in charge o? Di Thompson. The correspondence in th case is on file in the executive ofiice fc the inspection of any member of tb General Assembly who desires to rea it. My insight into the condition at workns of the institution and know ee of its wants was largely increase by this personal investigation, gnd I ca reiterae, with contidence, the opiniot and advice given in my inaugural at dress as to changes in its mianagemen1 The present superindendent, Dr.J W. Baoeack, an accomplished at thoroughly educated specialist, who Wa appointed in JulY last, and assumed cor trol on Atugus: 15, has made some su gestins in which I heartily concur,i reference to the admission of patient and to other matters connected with tb institution. There are now 738 inmate n the asylum. TIIE PENITENTIARY. The report of the board of directo; ~nd supermtendant shows this institt ion to be in a healthy condition. TI number of convicts tis y ear is 793,a ompared with 791 last year. Atter ion has been paid to the sanitary cond ion ad the proper dieting~ of the prisor r, the goo.1 results of which are show in the decrease in the death rate, whic fcts are v.rv cra.tifying. The financia cnition is as follow,: Total am ount receindi.$ . 61,38.5 Total amount pad out... 5,019 (ash baance t'ail out .. .. .. 8443. Due by contractours......... .30.0 Cotton uinsoki.............. 15,000.i Total aswe-.... .... .. .. S2,736A This result, which is not satisfactors i in no wise attributable to the presez ma tnaement, '7hti has accomplishe all that was poss~ble considering the a( vrse conditious under which the inst! tution. has labored the whole year When thie present managemecnt assume cntrol it found coni~racts existing wit te canal trustees aun the owners of th lrms workted on shares, which the were oblied. to tuldil. Experienice soo: showed thait the compeusa tion allowe fr the work on the canal was barel eough to pay for the maintenance an. garding of the prisoners engaged in it nd ltough a little advane. in th rtes was obtained, the work has yielde, -ry little or no protit. The farming operadiens, owingr to ex temely unfavorable seasons and the los prce of cotton, have also left a ver: sall margin. The canal is completed and it is safe to say that it. has cosr, th State of South Carolina not less tha $30,00. This amount she has pre TH E GO3VEM S MSSAGE TILLMAN GiVES AN ACCOUNT OF HIS ST EWARD3-"P. Th. Cenditlan in wlbe o *u*d the Affnirs of the State--- Wh-at he'has Done to inmproved Corn--Eis Advis in ie gard to Needed LCi.taUo1. COLUBIA, S. C., Nov. 25 -The fol lowing Aynopsii oi Liov. Tillman's Mes sage wi give i goou iea of the dou ment and contl it3 most important features; Gentlemen of the GeDefal Assembly: Another year has come and gone, bringing the period for the representa tives of the Deople ta meet and perform their functions as a part of the govern ment; and, as required by the constitu tien: it Is a duty imposed upon the ex ecutivscto --give to the General Assem blv informaLoni of the condition of the State and recommend for their conoid eration such measures as he shall judge necessary or expedient." The reports ot the several heads of de partments and executive boards will fur nish full information and details con -ern ing all State institutions and the several departments of the State government. But I will briefly condenae such in forma tion as I deem most important, and which will aid your henorable body to grasp the general situation in the State and condition of its institutions. FINAXCES. The reports of the State Treasurer and Comptroller General are very full and ceraprehensive, and an examination of tem will give a clear unaerstanding of the State's fnances. The condition of the treasury is better than it was last year, but is far from being satisfactory. I will only give a brief summary, so that you can gather the general situa tion. RECEIPTS AND RXFENDITUTRES. Cash on hand Oct. 31, 1890.8 77,943.93 Beceipta, all sources....... 1,07,752.98 Total...................$1,151,696.91 Nxpendltures..............81,087.081.89 Ba~nmce Oct..31, 1891....... 64,615.0:z Total...................81,151,696 91 The following is a comparative state ment between 1890 and 1891, as to cash on hand: 1890. Cash balance Oct. 31, 1890... .$77,943.93 Outstanding warrants........ 41.802.82 Net cash balance........ 36,141.11 Borrowed money............ 50,500.00 Overdrawn on banks......... 22,800.00 Due by State Oct. 31, 1890..873,300.00 Less cash.................... 36,141.11 Leaving not debt Oct. 31, 1890 .....................$37,158.89 1891. Cash on hand Oct. 31,1891... .$64,615.02 Net balance...............850,364.19 Add Ulance paid for 1890.... 37,15889 GLDifference in favor of 1891..87,523 08 Here is a comparative statement ot liabilities or floating indebtedness, which may be called for any time: 1890. Cash liabilities, Oct.31, 1890..$489,197.33 Cash in treasury............ 77,94393 Net debtor.... ...... $ ..411,253.40 - 1891. Cash liabilities November 1,1891..............$ 428,232.83 Cash assets November 1, 1891-.................. 64,615.02 Net cash indebtedness.. 363,617.81 The following is an abstract of liabil ities other than cash. 1st November, 1891, (bond debt: Total liabilities Nov. 1,1891: Cash liabilities........$. 489,197.33 Liabilties,other than cash. 6,433,517.72 86,922,715.05 Cash assets, 1st November, 1890.................. 77,943.93 Net indebtedness, 1st No vem ber, 1890..........6,844,771.12 Total liabilIties, 1st No vember, 1891: Cash liabilities........8 428,232.83 Liabilities, otherthan cash. 6,406,606.00 * $6,834,838.83 Cash assets, 1st November, 1891.................. 64,61502 Net indebltedness, 1st No vember, 1891.........6,770,223.81 The act of December 22, 1886, creat ing the treasury reserve fund, set apart $272,121.33, and required "that said fand ahall be held by the Treasurer of of the State of South Carolina, to be used in payment of all interest duec upon the bvnded debt of the rstate and appro pr'ations made by the General Aseem bl--; JProvided, There be no other funds in the treasury applicable thereto. And when taxes are collected and paid into the State Treasury, the treasurer shall at once, from said collections, replace the amount of said reserve fuad which ha'-been used. * ** Said fun to be used and replaced as hereinbefore di reeted in each succeeding fiscal 'year." Now, these figures either represented cash or they did not;~ and. if the money was there, has been since spent, in excess of the receipts from taxation, it should appear. If the money can be honestly accounted ftr, it will be a source of sat istaction to know it. Therefore, I cor dially je in in the recommien 'ation that steps be taken to thoroughly investigate the~ whole matter. It is idale to continue to keep this "mythical" fund on the books of the treasury, and the act creat ing it should be repealed. As will be seen by the Comptroller General's report, there is an increase on the assessed value of property this year ever last of $17,660,218, and that ratlicer deserves commendation for the zealousI and unflinching manner in which he has endeavored to ferret i.ut tax dodgers and make theua share the L~rdene of support ing the governruent. The law provides that property shall be asesed at its "real market value." And, while this is difficult or accompishment, the comp troller and his subordnates are none the less bound by their oaths tocarr it out, as far asrpracicable. It cannot be done. in one year, or in five, and there is ne'ther sense nor law for the claim that it must b'e done "all in one year" or not at alfl. It is like requiring a child to walk before it erawls, or remain forever in the cradle. There is, and alwvays will be. great inequality in taxation. Much property 'rill always escape entirely; but when it can be shown that any one species of property is placed on the tax books at ita "selling value," we have gene a long way towards bringing It all! up to that standard. We have begun on' the railroads and banks. Justics de mands that w e go through the whole list, and I jain the Compntroller in 'akingo 3()L) 1. rse-pur'er duveloped ht te pezli tentiary; but we will hope that tte in a crease in property values, which are ex . pected to result trom the develowment of the water power, will in time reiv burse the State. There is one contract r for a year still to be fulfilled, the work a being or shares, but the directors have 1. deciued that in future they will only farm out the convicts for a net sum per e capita to contractors, and they will bend e all their energies, in farming to the de velopment of the State farm in Sumter e county, known as the DeSaussure place. d PHOSPHATE COMMISSION. In accordance with a provision of the act creatkiu the same, the Phospate Commission, of which the executive .s r ex-oftcio a member, was orlanized in e January last. and we made an extended and tho'rough investigation of the phos e pnate industry. The amount of eapital e invested in this business is very large, t and no conception or the Ingenuity dis l played in adapting means to eads and in everceming difliculties (at first glance seemingly insurmountable) can be ob e tained without a personal Inspection of s the works. e On the 1st of March in accordance >f with the instructions of the act creatiu e the commission, we took possession of Coosaw river and issued licenses to mine itherein to three companies. Two of e these entered the river, but were en d joined in t-e United States court by I- Judge Sinionton. He took advantage of r the fact that the Phosphate Comnis d sioners were t reated as individuals rather s than as State ofticers, although he knew h they were State officers, to. grant the in e junction. .s As the public prints have given full accounts of all subsequent litigation and t the present t tatus of the Coosaw case, h I shall not mention it further than to t say that while there has been a decrease s in the revenue consequent upon the i- stoppage of the Coosaw Company of $52,63G.60, we feel that the State is to be congratlutated apon the present sta S tus, as there is every reason to expect it that the United States Sup:eme Court " will sustain the view already expressed r- in the decision of Chief Justice Fuller :e and the suit beiterminated early next )I rear. a The price of phospnate rock con e tin ues high, and as soon as work can be - resumed in Coosaw river tnere will be I an increase in the income of the dtate )f from royalty more than sufliciei, to re t- coup us for the little loss we have sui .- tained in maintaining the right of the )f 6tate to coatrol ner uwn property. It a would be wise, in my opinion, to give the Commison the power to impobe a e graduated royalty to correspond with tae prices of roc, and also to permit It to fix the royalty on rock in streams e other than Cuosaw at a less rate than Sfor that river. Some of the rock is op r low grade, and some of the deposits are A very hara, making mining ditficult. l Therefore, a fixed royalty for every locality percludes prodtable mining 1it many streams it cuicessiOns are not . made to the miners. It would also be e better when Coosaw river is opened to e apportion that territory among the t- - ---a - nor."ut aanlying Ior- a license an require uem to mine over tLe whole ailotted territory. We nave - found, by the report of Inspector Jones, C. tnat under the managetnt of the t Bureau of Agriculture, Commissioner ;o Butler and Atr. 1 0che, tne uillereni Ld companies, nutabty tae Coosaw, have t- Deen paying less royalty than the law a requires, by reason of not making due I- allowanee for the moisture expelled in :o drying the rock. Ho0w much of this, if d any, can ue recovered will have to be . determined by tihe courts, if the .Attor ney General snal deei it wise to enter suit. The loss to tne State thus dis dcovered has amounted to 8132,351.61 since mining operations were neg un, . and $86,373.59~ Since the establishment d of the 'Agricultural DLepartmeint in d 0 The differencee, 6.45 per cent., be it tween the amiount or moisture actually a expelled and that which the companies n have allowed, amounts for this oscal ir year to more than S11,000, and as the - present officialS cannot be held respon 11 sible for any guasi agreements or nieg -lect on the part of tnelr predecessors, payment of this sum will be demanded, and,if necessary ,enforced in the courts. while we will in future require payment on the trasis of 81.10 per son for dried Bfo leaving this subject I desire to emention the importance of some steps ' being takan to prevent the damage now n resulting to the State's interests in the - Ashley, Stone and Edisto rivers by the e dumping of the debris or tailings into r those streams from the works of the .o land miners. Some time ago I ad *d dressed a communication to Capt. F. d V. .Abtbot, U. S. Engineers, at Charles .ton, asking for information as to the d filling up of these streams by reason of nthis debris being emptied therein. He Sreplied that he had reported to the sauthorities at Washington in regard to Ashlev river, but knew nothing of ob - struction to the otner streams men I tioned, and informed me that Congress, d last December, had passed an act pro 5 hibiting the dumping of such material i- into navigable streams. The State's -. interest is to prevent her phosphate n beds from being buried so that they *s cannot be protitably minedi, and the e United States seeks to preserve the s navigability of rivers. But for fear the United States authorities may not press the matter, I call it to your attension. EDUCATIONAL AND COLLEGES. s The Governor says: "Our free ~schools are not in a satisfactory condi ee tion, and never will be until the pres s ent unwieldly, irregularly shaped dis t- tricts are subdivided, and small, com i- pact ones substituted, in which shall be - permanently located one school house n for each race. This is the basis upon h which local taxation supplementoig ii the two-mill tax can erect a school~ system that will accomplIsh the ends -d'esired, and until it is done, little or no .~progress will be made except in the to wns and thickly populated sections of the country. I would urge you not to ?adjourn again till you take up this matter and perfect the law. In speakIng of the South Carolina SCollege the Governor says: I cannot refrain from expressing regret that 3o0 much money has been wasted in the t ipast three years for the salaries of pro d fessors and tutors who had no pupils, . .to the neglect of the buildings and [.. library. There is dilapidation every where aboeut the institulion, and a 'weful lack of modern books in the d library. It is to be hoped the General Assembly will act liberally, so as to put e the buildmngs in repair and supply the Y more pressing needs of the librairy. In a this connection I would direct your at d tention to the feasibilitylaad dlesirabili y ty of lighting all the State institutions d jin the city, the state house, the asylum, ;,the South Carolina College, the execu e tive mansion and the penitentiary, d from one plant, located either on tue canal or at the asylum. I have during the year visited the rCitadel Acadeasy, Claflin College and the Cedar Springs institute. All of these institutions are in good conditIon, and, so far as I could see, aamirably 0 conducted. The Citadel has recently a had the burnt wIng rebuilt, and has~ .been put in thorough repair through handome and usei.ui library. ie Ctdar Spring-' 1nsziutt is a ce.-it L the State. It las Iuh anI atmoSher' of love and kinau.-ss about it t;hat i: does one good to see it. its ana' ment reflects great ere i on the bo:ad of commissioners and tne z-alous s permiteadent. 1 think tih. Genera As ,mbly can contidently grant ai. t.h ,uoney askea by thes! gntim1n h.1 the assurance Ltnt it wi- b- use.jd ciously. The Governor speaks of Cmn College and the industirial Scnoo for Women, but as extracts from his re marks on the forraer has ady been published in these columnus it I no necessary to repubiish tht-mu. uf the school fr women he recommends that an act be passed providiug for the fOuU dation and future liberal support al State Industrial and Normal College for Women, conditioned upon the ae ceptance and fulfilment of so:ne one of the offers recently rade by d(fferent1 cities and towns. The Governor thinks that after the Clemson cohege shall have gotten well under way and equip-' ped, in four or five years at most, there will be enough money now going to that school to run it and also this girls' school without taxation. THE CRIMINAL LAW. The Governor comments at length on the criminal law. le says: Contin uances are granted upon the slightest pretext. Appeals are taken upon no pretext at all sonetimes, and crime, when backed by money appears to over ride or break through the meshes of the law with such impunity, that it is no wonder that our citizeus have ai, timua forgotten themselves and takea thc law into their own hands. I give as in- I stances of justice long held st bay, thte I Turner and Senn cases in Spartanburg, the James case in Darlington, and th Jones case ia Edgedield. One remaiy which I desire to suggtst is. that the juries, which I have every reason to believe now are sometimes taiupiEe with or "fixed" beiorehand, shal be drawn in open court for the next , eI after the judge in person shall havo ex amined the boxes and seen that e;ery thing is correct. In the prosecution u; criminal cases the soliciter is alwoysati a disadvantage. Ile is often contront ed by the ablest lawyers at tne bar rho; live in the county and are acquainted with witnesses, jurors, etc. Bit th-se difficulties are frequently orercomne aril verdicts obtained in spite of tleni. he main reason why so many crias go "unwhipt of justice" is tha'. the caseo are not properly prepared for the soelici tor by the trial justices or coroner. It the office of coroner were dignile. ad the salary or tees made commensurate so as to make it a desirable oflice; if ii were filled by a com!eteit lawyer, whose duty it should be to invcstigate all deaths caused by violence, collect evidence, prepare the cas", and ac-t as assistant prosecutor in his county, we would have many a man convictea wbo now goes scot free. Then, if tria; justices were required to attend court and help the solicitor in cases where they have held a preliminary exaaa tion, it would add largcly to the list of convictions. Another abuse is, .hat in stead of a prisoner under sentence, and in whose case appeal has beeri taken, being required to be brought into court at the next term for reseatence, thu.; maintenance, the sentence siould Lc executed as soon as tie Supremie Cor shall have dismissed the appeal. Th-i there should be strict aud mandatry legislation prohibiting a judge 1rom continuing a case that had beeu oRto continued, except under extraordinary circumstances. Another is to make it obligatory upon the Supreme Court to disbar any attorney who takes an ap peal on frivolous grounds. It has come to the pass that an appeal is almost a matter of course, and a stay of proced ings follows. LiquORt LICENsES. I desire to direct your attention to a question of great importance, wia which the welfare of society and the economical administration of the gov ernment are closely connected. It is the matter of licensing the sale of liquor. Without entering into any discussion of the prohibition question, I will call your attention to a gross inequality and in justice to a part of our citizens, entailed by the present system. Section 1733 of the General Statutes read: "No license for the sale of intoxicating liquor shall' be granted by any municipal authority in any city, town or village in this btate, except upon the payment by the per son applying for the same to the treas urer of the county in which said city or town is situated the sum of $100 in ad dition to the license charged by such city, town or village, for the use of said county, to be applied to the ordinary expenses of the county." It will be seen that, by this provision of law, only a small proportion of the tax derived from th~e sal- of ligaor goes to the general fund. Now,w whie I d4 not belheve I hat it is practicable, or errui desirable, to attempt the~ absolutet pro' hibition of the sale of' lignor in t i State, no sensible man wzil deny b a one-half or three-fourths of tibe crimesi committed in the State, are traeai-e directly to the drinking of whi:-key.-i order to punish the-se crihe5, the to. chinery ot the law is set in? mrotio. The courts are supported by general taxation, and lar-gely L.y the ceu:g:r; people, and yet the State permits ma: n~icpal corporations to maintain or 'i cnse what many men~f regard as a ni sanes and breeders of crimez, whiLe two thirds or three-fourths of the moneyae cruing therefromn is retained by the cor porations. The anorualous con.:ition is presented the". off a community ai lowing itself to be unjustly taxe-d asa whole for the suppression of a criw produced by the action of a part-thr tax being largely for local bene11:, whil the abuse is general. The p'eope m th country not only pay tribute to ibs who sell liquor,-by means of whIih the towns are beautifiedi and adrned but they pay tax for the suppre~:on of crime produced1 by the mamtzearnce of these barrooms. It is unjust and tn equal, and ought to be stopped. Itr fore strongly r-comend~ that ali muni cipal corporatlons be prohibited fromu levying any license at all, a 1i : tax derivable from the sa.. of w shall go into the State -an d cour-t.- tre urie, leaving the~ matt er of xla p as at present; arnd it any municpa - poration desires to liceii h- eo liquor, let it der~ive n aph ba'n' from it. Trnere aLr-, as r.m nor. betwen 700 Tri 800 b rrooms m ' State. Ihow many municipi?s vwould relinquish the sal of u'quorthed rived no money bendi-' fro.n it, I ca not even guess. W h't dcreas may fi low the enactment of such a ,w i 'qually unknown. With ' hi zh'ia iu~fposed Oin eachJ dlae l the - Lrui either at wholesale or reil,- .and. f this fund going to support stt ni county igovereo-ts, iL appar to' me we would have a large incr-ase of re enue, as well as a large decrease in crime, with a correwondl og decras court expences, and coniquen: red~-' ton of taxes. OTnnan MA'rTLn In reference to removals from o'uic the Governor says: In moy iministrai tion of the executive oflice I havre foundQ things in a very muddled and un'satis factory conaition as regards the yo wers and duties of the governor in thue mat ter of removal. Ile then brieily outline, t - o *s> i ate gura usem-iby. cs s t lhe 'importencu ot legislation no The Greneral Asseimbly haveI [;ni -e ween t wo evils: giving more meto te Governor, wh:ch power iwbe abused as againsp a few men, or prrit:ng tiungs to reimaiii ans they are, .. ie vary or the public at large, and rd;inhlg discon'ftenlt Laid a demor4liz et conditort of the palic service. If iven authoorirty to correct these evils. 1 - i do it fearlesy. If it is thought e*., to irust to juries drawn by the mn who are to be tiitd, I arn conteat, attention has been calied to he m a the people can utderstand tire t b.lame rests. 1' the matter of thle Charleston Su pervi.iior case the Governor argues at som.e length against the decision of Judge Waliace in the Cantwell case. lie concludes that there was a grave doubt as to whether his construction of the law wNs wrong, and he believes the Executive should be given the ben of the doubt. lie says: I am aware tat in tl:as commenting on a judge's action I may be accused of committing the very offence with which I am charg ing Judge Wallace, viz: an Invasion or tne domain of a co-ordinate depart ment cf the government. The General Assembly enacts laws, the judges con strue them, and the governor executes. To say that a governor should not criti cise a judge, even on the Supreme bench, when the rights and powers of his office are at issue, is absurd. Judges are but men, ani they are neither infalliable nr I;mmaculate. For the Executive atd Legislative Departments to sub mit.. in sitvish silence to unreasonable deolos would be a betrayal of the ;:.s reposed in thein by the people. A.e Governor in spealing of rail o ssay: Owing to a difference of oi be-ceween the Legislature and th. 1 xe-ti. v - at the last session, the - rara aw failed and it was too late to ma'nd t' ict so that I could consci er ions'y approve it. I may be allowed to t rress the hope that the differences ow!!vionwhich then existed will be amie.-bl*y adjusted ani a proprr bill passed. There are some points in the pr:oised law to which I aesire to direct ai *entio and coinmeud to your earnest meraioni'iU. One is a DroTisiUIn pre y i og the- consolidation of competing ls * The absorption by lease ->r oth e ias gone on until virtually :here are oiy four railroad systemis in th. State. As fast as new lines are cons .ueed, they are bought up or leaked y the older corporationtS, and Marv couniii ities in the State which are .agring under a heavy debt con to aid in the buiiding of compet i -1ines .:re without the benelit of cometition. le recommends that as es,.ne"ts on railroads be made by the ltairod Commission, as in the nature of things they would know more about it t anbody else. There has been an incr ase during the year in the valu tion of railroads of about '8.000,000, which will make the increase in the ':.i i v. hieb will have to be paid by th fl 10OU00. Governor strongly urges a State exani 'zt tie World's Fair. lie says no' to iaske one would be a crime ourselves. With Clemson Col epe nuterials an appropriation of $15, Ar. oplemieinted by voluntary coutri -u:s a most respectable exhibit .-e m11e. Not to b, *reented v ii C be an act of parsinoiy that hi caose us t) bIush. ilt- urges the a ointUient of a c mmission to take ch-rge of the matter. Tlie Governor states that a bill has ben .repared appointing a comnils sic;er who shall obtain necsary infor ration about direct taxes in the arch ives of Washington, who shall act as the State's agent in payinent of claims. The amount to be paid is 822,000J. Th'e Governor recommends that the "bac district" shall be abolished. "It was ever seen before and ehould never be s-en again." "We have no reason o dread the return of negro rule in the Su'e andt there is no reason wny our Cogressionai districts snouldl net be arranged in reasonably compact shape." The Governor recommends that the Coanty Boards of Medical Examiners be abolished and says: I do not think any person should be allowed to prac tice medicine who has not taken at least a three years' course, and who can not stand an examinattion before a copeent becard (of physicians. A cunty board is chiectionable because in a srnall area it might be accused of rejecting applicants from jealousy or a desire to cut off competition. This ob etion could not hold against a State board, and I therefore recommend the re-enactment of the old law with such rnodifications as will prevent abuses or tyr-mrical rejections. 'la the report of the Adjutant and Inspector Genera], he suggests that a smal fund be piovidedl for the publi e o ainaphlet form, of the rolls o sul. comupanie3 and regiments as ::enot co.mplete. The purp~ose is that :'st muay be distributed in the terri wr erm which the men were enlisted, s* tha't th-- survivors may hive some ':: lob guided by in supplying the :-n "-ames. It should be a matter oj Stat pride, arnd of justiee to the d'd and livmg alike, that everything r--dbe b)e done to put on record in t-he a--biyes of the goverunent at least te ::amie of every man who wore the tvay I therefore urge con~sideration of Ah (jltant Genierais zecomnmenda ion. lle is a zealous and ellicient ofi er, and, being a gallant Contederate r.>dier himself, will use every reason Uie effort to finish this necesry work. Eht Governor refers feelingly to the dec~:h of Chief Janstice simpson. OoNCL I31N. la conclusioni, I beg to remind you ttat the preeot Gleneral Assembly and the nresenit State administration were net~e on a platform of reform, anid tuat the peopnIe are confidently looking to us to redeem our p~edges. Many of :ia reforms conltemplated~ have been em..unmatedi or are in a process of con s'zonmtion; but iner' are other ques ion. ? f . vitanporrmace which I nope wilrcieyour careful considleratio)n. Th' prse i dplorable cand'ition or mpeole, which I have more tha~n nece allded tc, caused by the poor lei. of our stapie crop andl itsi low p:-.m eit oligntory upon you to -::t ofif every possible itemi of expendi r.-not absolu'tely nras'sary; for it is -s.'e, and altogvethier oronuable, that here w~l be,. a consier(be aiit by :.sn 'f inability of the people to pay r ta~xes. I ilto -subali ate salarims emi of fes in esenty "mers, pu '1'e' feesM into th-- treasury, and' ing~ a redlucth ofc salaries ali along he litr to a figure correaponiding with .*ncreased purchasing power of moe and the deereased ability of the .~ o pay, see-ms abs'lutely neces tyuTe aing may be ittie, but Sav- reached the poiL, where even -'ndl econo~my is of material import I l'g upon your patriotism and 'om, andi assuring you ot my cor im c-ooperation, I invoke the bleassinig M God ont your labors. . R. ILLMAN, Goveraor. Emw Too Lon. N r w O'Rr K, .Nov. 19.-G. henry Strat n. one of a dozen men who bean the1 .a tin contest in the Fourteenth streeti Tseum andA who lasted longer than all1 :e others, and who was taken to Belie rie Hospital on Tuesday inl an exhaust d conditioni, died this morning. An L ttopy wil be heldJ to determine the1 DR. TALMAGE IN AITENS. WONDERS OF THE ACROPOLIS AND ITS SUGGESTIONS. The Mairkot Where the Athenlaus Daily Met to Hear or Toil Some New Thing St. Paul on MIars il--& City Wholly Given to Idolatry. BROOKLYN, Nov. 22.-The cungrega tion at the Tabernacle, led b~y cornet an" orgzan, sang this morning with great power Uhe hymn of isaac Watts, beuain aing: Our God, our help in ages past, Our hope foryears to come. The sermon, which was on the Acro polis, is the sixth of the series Dr. Tal mage is preaching on the subjects sug gested by his tour in Bible lands. His text was taken from Acts xvii. 16. "While P.'aul waited for them at Atheus his spirit was stirred in him. when he saw the city wholly given to idolatry." It seemed as it morning would never come. We had arrived after dark in Athens, Greece, and the night was sleep less with expectation, and my watch slowly announced to me one and two and three and four o'clock; and at the first ray of dawn I called our party to look out of the window upon that city to which Paul said he was a debtor, and to which the whole earth is debtor for Greek architecture, Greek sculpture, Greek poetry. Greek eloquen:e, Greek prowess and Greek history. 1h-at morninm in Athens wesauntered forth armed with most generous and lovely letters from the president of the United states and his secretary of state, and during all our stay in tbat city those letters caused every door and every gate and every temple and every palace to swing open belore us. The mightiest eographical name on carth today is America. But this morning we pass through where stoad the A:.ora, the ancient market place. the local.ty where philo ophers used to meat their discipiez, walking while they talked, and where Paul, the Christian logician, flung many a proud Stoie and got the laugh on many an impertinent Episureas. The market place was the center of social and politi cal lile, and it was the place where peo ple went to tell and hear the news. The market place was a spa e three hundred and fifty yards long and two hundred and fifty wide, and it was given ut to gossip and merchandise. and louning and philesophizing. All this you need to know in order to understand the Bible when it says of Paul, "There i ore disputed he in the market daily with them that met him." You see it was the best place to get an audiedee, and it .a man feels himself called to preach he wants people to preach to. But before we make our chief visits of today we must take a turn at the Stadium. It is a little way out, but go we must. The Stadium was the place where the foot races occurred. Paul had been out there no doubt, for he frequently uses the scenes oL that place as 1iiures when he tells us, "Let us run the race that is set before us," and again. --hey doitto obtain acor ruptible garland, but we an incorrupti ble." The marble and the gilding bave been removed, but the high ,mounds agaist which the seats were piled are still there. The Stadium is six hundred and eighty feet long, one hundred and thirty feet wide, and held frty thousand spectators. There is today the very tunnel through which the defeated racer departed from the Stadium and from the hisses of the people, and there are the stairs up which the victor went to the top of the hill to be crowned with the laurel. In this place contests with wild beasts sometimes wook place,3and while Had rian, the emperor, sat on yonder height one thousand beasts where slain ia one celebration. But it was chiefly for foot racing, and so I pro posed to my friend that day while we were in the Stadium that we try which of us could run the sooner from end to end of tbis historical grund, and so at the word given by the lookers on we started side by side but beore I got through I found out what Paul meant when he compares the spiritual race with the race in this very Stadium, as he says, "Lay aside every weight" My heavy overcoat and my friend's freedom from such minmbrance showed the advantage in any kind of a race of "laying aside every weight." We come now to the Acropols. It is a rock about two miles in circumfer ence at the base and a thousand feet in circumference at the top and three hun dred feet high. On it has teen crowded more elaborate archituecture and sculp ture than in any other place under the whole heavens. Origir-ally a fortress, afterward a conaregation of temples anid statues and pillars, their ruins an en chantent from which no observer ever breaks away. No~wonder that Aristides thougt it the center of all things Greece, the cester of the world, Attica, the center of Gree.,a; Athens. the center of Attica, and the Acropelis, the center of Athens. Earthquakes have shaken it. Verres plundered it. Lord Elgin, the English embassador at Constantinople, got permission of the sultan to remove from the Acropol.is fl-I len pieces of the bu:!ding, but he took~ from the building to England the lnest statues, removing them at an expense of eight Lundred thovisand dollars. A storm over threw mnany of the statues of the Acropolis. Morosmni, the general, at tmped to remove from a podiment the sculntured car and horses of Victory. but the clumsy machinery dropped it ad all was lost. But the overshiadowing wonder of all divinities; eentaurs is battle; weaponry fron Marathon; chariot of night; char:ot ot the mornmng; h >rses of the sun, the fates, the furies; statue of-Jupiter holding in his right hand the thunderbolt; e:lver iooted chair In which Xerxes watched the battle of Salamis only a few miles Iire is the colossal statue of Minerva in fudi armior, eyesof gray colored stone igure of a S phiax on her head, gri fins by her side (which are lions with eagle's beak), spear in one hand, statue of liber-I ty in the other, a shield carved with bat tle scenes, and even the slippers seult tured naid tied on with thongs of goldl. Far ou it sea the sailors saw this sitatue t Minerva risiug high above all the temn d~es. glittering ia tl'e sun. Here are statues of equestrians, statue of a hou auss. and there are the Gra?ces, and you br a horse la bronze. 5The Persians easily and terribly as saulted the Aeropolis from this hilltop. Elere assembled the court to try crimi: lals. It was bek.t in the nighttime, so :hat the faces of heo judges could not >e seen, nor the faces of the lawyers who made the plea. and so, instead of a rial being one of emotion, it must iave been one of cool justice. But here was one occasion on this hill ynmor~a above all others. hi rnLetLriQ descrled by himself a1 contem'ptible, had by his sermcns rocked Atnens Witar commotion, and he was sumimoned either by wait of law or aearty invitationi to come upon that puipt, of rocK and give a speciioen of his theology. All the wise-acres uf Athens turined out and turned up to hear him. The more venerable of tneIn set in an amphitheater, the graite seats of whicu are 6tid visible, out tne other r;eople swarued on all sides or tn hiil and at the base of it to hear this man, whom some called a fanatic, and others called a madcap, and others a blasphemer, and others styled con temptuously .tlhis feilow." L!aul arrived in answer to the writ or invitation, and confronted them aud gave them the biggest dose tOat mur tals ever took. lie was so built that uothmg could scare him, add as for J pter and Athexia, the god and the AouLdeSs, whose images were in full sight, on the aojoinlig ili, he had not so much regard for tfen as ho Lad for the aut that was crawlng in the s:aJ under his feet. in that audience were the irst orators of the world, and they had voices like rlutes when they were pa::sive, and like trumpets when tuey were aroused, and I thing they laughed inl the sleeves of their gowns as this ina bignilticant look ag mau roie to spe-Ii. In that audience were SchohLasts, whu knew everything, or thought they did, and from tL e ena of the longest nair ou t.he top of their craniums to the end ol the nai on the longest toe, tney were stufled with nypercriticisl, and they leaned back witn a supercilious Jook to listen. As in 188J, I stoOd on that Zock: where Paul stood, and a sla of whicn I brought irow Athens by consent of the queen, thruugh Mr. Tricoupis, the prime minister, and had piaued in yon tier Lleworial Wail, I read the -nole story, Bible in hana. NY iat I have so far said in this dis cour::e was necessary in order that you may understand the boldues, the ueil ance, the holy recklessness, hen mag .uincca of P'aul's speeca. Tihe flrzi thunierbolt he launched at tWe opposite lihi-the Acropolis-that moment aI aglitter witn itiols and temples. li cries out, -od wno mi~de the world.' Vhy, they thought teat Prometheus maUi it, tat Mercury matde it, that Apollo inade it, that Poseidoni made it, tuat Eros made it, that Panarocui made it, taat Boreas made it, that it took al the gods of the Parthenon, yea, all the gods and goadesses of the Acropolis EC Lnake it, and nere stands a man with' out any eccleilasLiCal title, neither a D. D., nor even a revereii, ceciaring that the world was made by the Loid oi heaven and earth, and hence the infer ence that a!! the splendId covering ci the Acropolis, so near that the people tanaiug on the steps of the Parteao ould hear it, was a deceit, a faisehood a sham, a olasphemy. Look at the ,aces or his auditois; they are turning pale, and then red, aid men wrathiU fhere had been several earthquakes 1i that region, but that was the severesi shock tnese men had ever felt. Tne Persians had bombarded the Acropolis from the heigats of M1ar 11ill, but this Pauline Dotubardtuent was greater and more terriic. "What,' said nis hearers, "nave we ueen naujing with mnany yokes of oxen for centurie: these blocls iroU the quarriesvf Moutil Pentelicum, and have we had our area itects puttng up these structures of un pareilued spiendor, and have we lad the greatest of ali sculptors, Phidias with his men cniseling away at tnost wondrous pedieats and cauttting away at these friezes, and have we taxed the nation's resources to the utmost, noii to be told that those statues see notn ing, hear nothing, know nothing ?' On, Paul, stop .tor a moment and giva these startled and overwhelmed audi ors time to catch their breath! Maie a rhetorical pause! Take a looK arountc you at the interesting landscape, anic give your hearers time to recover! N e ne aices not make even a period, or 5t much as a colon or semicolon,.taut l?.un ces the second thunderbolt right atte' the first and in the same breath goe on to say, Giod"d welleth rio in templei made with hands." Oh, Paul! Is not deity more in the Parthenon, or more in th~e Erechtheium, or more in the temple of Zeus Olympius than in the open air, more than on the hill where we are sitting, more than on Mount Hynettus out yonder, frorn which the bees get their honey ? "No more"' re spond3 Paul, "ie dwelleth not in tem pies made with hands.". But surely the preacher on the pul pit of rock on Mars 11ill will stop now. His audience can endure no more. T wc thunderbolts are enough. No, in the same breath he launches the third thun derboit, which to them is more fiery more terrible, more demolishing than the others, as he cries out, "hath mad. of one blood all nations." Oh, P'au! you forget you are speaking to the proudest and most exclusive andience in the world. Do not say "of one blood.' You cannot mean that. H~ad Socrates and Plato and Demosthenes and Solon and Lycurgus and Draco and Sophocles and Euripides and iEschylus and Peri ces and Phidlas and Miltiades blood just like the Persians, like the Turks, like the Egyptians. like the common herd of humanity? "Tes," says Paul, "of one blood all nations." Surely that must be the ciosing para graph of the sermon. Is auditors must let up from the nervous strain. Paul has smashed the Aeropolis and smashed the national pride of the Greeks, and what more can he say? Those Grecian orators, standing on that place, always closed their addresses with something sablime and climac tic-a peroration-and Paul is going to give them a peroration which will ehpse in power and magesty all that has yet said. fleretofore he has hurl ed one thunderbolt at a time; now he wi close by hurling two at once. The little old man, under the power of his speech, has straightened himself up, and the stoop has gone out of his shoul ders, and he looks about three feet tall er than when lie began; and his eye, which were quiet, became two lames of fire; and his face, which was calm in tme introduction, now depicts a whirl wnl of emnotioni as he ties the two thunderbelts together with a cord of in consumable courage and hurls them at the crowd now standing or sitting aghast-the two thunderbolts of Resur rection and Last Judgment. Ills clos ing words were, "Because lhe hath ap pointed a day in which he will judge t~e wrld in righteousness by that mnn whom he hath ordained, whereof he hath given assurance unto all men in that he hath raised him from the dead." Remember thoce thoughts were' to them novel and provoca'tive; that Christ, t~e despised Nazarene, would come to te their judge, and they should have to et up out of their et mneteries to stand before him and take their eternal doom. Mightiest burst of elocutionary power *ver heard. The ancestors of some of those Greeks had heard Demosthenes ihis oratien on the crown, had heard achines in his speeches against Tim rchus and Ctesiphon. had heard P'lato in his great argu ment for imnmortality -;f the soul, had beard Socrates on his deathbed, suicidal cup of hemlock in hand, leave his hearers in emotion too gr-eat to bear; had int the theater of Dionysus at the foot of the Acropolis the ruins of its piled up amphitneater .nd the marble floor of it orchrestra i ,. --,) Sce ecd the tragedies rf i A sLis and Sophoeirs, but neither nadi Lne aacestors of these Grecians on Mars ""itu or themselves ever heard or w.itnezscd such tornadoes ofi moral power as tnat With which Paul new wheiwed nis hearers. At those two U.hougnts ol resurrection and judgment the audieae sprang to their feet. -Some moved tuey adjourn to some other day to near more on tne same theme, but o; lers woud have torn the sacred orator to pieces. The reca says: "6ome mocked." I suppose it uaus that they mimicked the solemmity of his voice; that they I took ofl his imopassioned gesticulations, aud they crid out: "Jew: Jew! Where did you study r::etoric? You ought to hear our ur.-o.urs speak! You had bet ter go b!ll to your business of tent makmg. Our Lycurgus knew more in a uunu.e thaa you wiu know in a month. 1Say, where e? you get that crooked oacK, and tUo-u weaa eyes from? HIa! ha: iou ry to teacn usGrecians! What nonseise you [alk about when you speawi of resurrection and judgment. _N o ir, little old man, climb down tne side of Mars 11ii and get out of sight as soon as possible." "Some mecaed." But thlat scene adjourned to the day of whicn tne sacred orator had spoken the day of resurrecuou and judgment. As ia AtheUs, that eyening in 1889, We chimbed doUn tI1e pile of slippery rockA, where all this nad occurred, on our way back to cur ioLel, I stood half way beLtween the Acropolis and Mars ia the gainerng shado xis of evestide, . eeuew Lo .rear those two nills in sub iute and awful converse. "I am chief ly of the past;" said the Acropolis. "I am emelly of the future," repided Mars !ii. Tnie Acropolis said: "Ay orators are dead. My lawgivers are dead. My poets are dead. My architects are deaa. My scuptors are dead. I am a monu mdeut or the dead past. I suali never, ,uever agalu hear a song sung. .wll never again see a column iifted.- I will never again behold a goddess crowned." - Mars Hill responded: "I too, have a history. I had on ty heights warriors who wili never again unsheAta the s word, and judges wno will never again utter a aooun and orators who will never again make a plea. ut my in tluence is to be more in the future han, it ever was in the p'at. Tne words that missionary, Paul, uttered thas exciting uay in tne nearing of the wisest m.eu and the populace on my rocky shoul ders have oLay uegun tneir majestic role; tWe Drotherhood of man, and the Christ of God. and the peroration of resurrection and last juogment with whCic the Tarsian orator ciosed his ser mon that day amid Ene mocaing crowd shall yet revolutionize the planet. On, AccOpolis! i have stood here long enough to witness that your gods are no gods at all. Your Boreas could not control the winas. Your Neptune could not manage tme sea. Your Apollo neve- evoaed a musical note. Yoar goA Ceres never grew . harvest. Your goddess of wisuom, Minerva, never anew the Greek alpnabet. Your Jupi. ter could not handle the lightnings. But the God whom I proclaimed on Wne day when Paul preached before the a4Lounded assemilage on my rough neights is the God ot music, the God of wisdom, the God of power, the God of love, the God of storms, the God of son shine, the God or tne land and the God of the sea, the God over all, blessed for ever."I Then the Acropolis spake and said, as though in self defense, "My Plato argued ior tne immortality of tne soul, and my Socrates praised virtue, and my Miitiades at Marathon drove back the Persian oppressors." "Yes," said Mars dill, "your Plato laboriously guessed at the imimortahlty of the soul, but my Paul, divinely inspired, declared it as a fact straight from G.od. Your Socrates praised virtue, but expirod as a suicide. .iour Mltiades was brave against earthly foe~s, yet died from a wound ignommnionsly gotten in after defeat. but my Paul challenged all earth and all hemi with this battle shout. "We wrestle not against flesh and biood, but against principalities, against powers against the rulers of tne darkness of this world, against spiritual wicked ness in high places, and then onth 29th of June, in the year 68, on the road to Ostia, after the sword of the headsman had given one keen stroke, took the crown of martyrdom." After a moment's silence by both hills the Acropls moaned out in the darkness. "Alas! Alas!" and Mars Hill responded, "Hosannah! Hosannah!" Then the voices of both hills became indistinct, and as I passed on and away in the twulight I seemed to hear only two sounds-a fragment of Pentelicon marble from the architrave of the Acropolis dropping down on the ruins of a shattered idol, and the other sound seemed to come from the rock en Mars Hill, from which we had just descend ed. But we were by this time so far oiY that the fragments of sentences were smal'er when dropping from Mars Hill than were the fragments of fallen marble on the Acropolis, and I could only' hear parts of disconnected sen tences wafted on the night air-"God who made the world"--'of one blood all uations"-"apipointed aday in which he will judge the world"-"raised from the dead." As that night in Athens I put my tired head ont my pillow, and the ex citing scenes of the day passed through my mind, I thought on the same sub ject on which, as a boy, I made my commencement speech in Niblo's thea ter on graduation day from the New York umiversity, viz, "Tihe moral effects of sculpture and architecture," but further than I could have thought in boyhood, I thought in Athens that night that the moral effects of architec ture and sculpture depend on what you do In great bailings after they are put up n pn the character of the men whoe frmsyou cut in the marble. Yea' I thought that night what struggles the martyrs went through in order that in ouir timne the Gospel might have fll swing; and I thought that nighti wh'at a brainy religlon It must be thait could absoro a hero lke him whom we have comiidered to-day, a man the superior of th e who'e human race, the inideis but pigm "ies or homuncnhi com pared with fli[; and I thought what a rapturous conid~eration it is that through the same grace that sived Paul, we shall confront this great apostle, and shall have the opportunity. amid the famiiliarisies of the skies, of asking h im what was the greatest oc casioni of all his life. He may say, "f he shipwreck of Melit." lHo may say, "The riot at E phesus." Hle may say, "My last walk out on the road te Ostia." But, I think he~ will say, "-The day I stood on Mars Hill1 addressing the indignant Areo pagites, and looking off upon the tower ing form of tihe goddess Minerva, and the majesty of the irthenon and all tne brillIant divinities of the Acropolis. That account in the Bible was true. Mv sulrit was stirred within me when I sasv the city~ wholly given up to idol Wanced to:Han: to Mmsic. A DIL Es.,. Texas,'Nov)f.0.-William HI. Frizzle was hanged here to-day for the murder of his wife in Comanche County last June. Two days ago he requested that the:Abilene Cornet Band. be permtterd to play at the hanmgingr