Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. V11. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1891. (. SUB-TREASURY DEBATE. SENATOR BUTLER AND DR. STOKES MEET AT PROSPEf~lTY. NotIng New. F,,r or Agaisant tIh Meats ure. Presatttd-The Senator Finda No Place in Thr, Mate for a Third Party - Sun.mary or the Several Speechest 1'nosPERIY,S. C.,July 29.-The larg est crowd that Prosperity has ever known assemblitl today to hear the open joint debate on the sub-treasury between the two distinguished speak ers, the lon. M. C. Butler and Dr. J. Win Stokes. From early dawn until the time of debate t-very entrance to the town was thronged with interested vis iturs, and at 10 o'clock, the time ap pointed for the meeting to commence, qmlte fifteen hundred persons haa gath ered around the stand. Comfortable seats had been properly prepared for the ladies in front of the rostrum, and in spite of the threatening appearance of tue heavens a considerable number of the gentler sex were present. Every one was struck with the excellent be havior of the assemblage, for through out the entire meeting almost perfect quiet prevailed, except when the speak -rs were questioned and when applause was given to Gtn. Butler. The audience was doubtless an intel ligent one, and was out to hear the "truth developed" and to give chance for convictions. All of the speakers remarked especially concerning the above noted fact. A TRAP THAT DID NOT WORK. Notwithstanding a trap, similar to the one arranged for Governor Tillman at Sp--.rtanburg, had been prepared for Ne natur Butler, )et it can be safely said that the victory was decidedly his. He t eid the sympathy of his audience and his vij-ws were heartily received. Promptly at the time appointed the Rkev. %Ir. SzIgh, president of the New bt rry Alliance, who acted as chairman, alnouutced that the meeting would be opened with prayer by the Rev. J. B. '.1 iaywick. MR. SLIGH'S REmARKs. A iter these devotional exerciss the O harman, in his opening remarks, af it r I xpressing his gratification on see inx such a goodly number present, said: " I his larige assembly is a hopeful sign. It shows that the peoDle are awake to their interests. are beginning to think for themselves and have come in search of knowledge, lie hoped, to see and learn, not to censure or condemn. The debate will be on the sub-treasury plan. not the bill-that plan embracing the idea of flexible currency. I bespeak the very best attention and behavior. Let us remember that we are citizens capable of thus retlecting, with brains located in the head, not in the heels. Let us listen with the hope of improv ing our ideas. These speakers have a difference of opinion and have a right to that. opinion, so condemn them not. I know that the Alliance is searching for truth. We recognize that some t hing is wrong and seek a remedy, but if the remedy we ask will not help us out of it we will take another. All of us, therefore, are for the same purpose so treat all with the same respec I repeat again, that the people of the United States are beginning to think tor themselves. You are capable of doing the same, then exercise that sound judgment that characterizes us." DOUBLE TEAXING ON BUTLER. The programme for the day was then announced as follows: The first speech to be made by Dr. J. Wm Stokes, the next by the Hon. M. C. Butler, with the privilege given to the former to answer the Senator. After this a dinner of barbecued meats would be served, and the programme resumed promptly at 3, with a speech on the same plan by CoL '1 albert, superintendent of the Peniten tiary. Dr. StokEs, who was then intro duced, stepped forward and spoke as follows: DR. sTOKES'S FIRST SPEECH. Mr. i'resident, Brothers and Fellow citizens: I esteem it a high privilege to meet yoa on this occasion. As a na tive of South Carolina I am proud of her history. I believe also tuat all hon est men axe my brothers, and while pa triots are thinking for themselves and interested in the measure that is before us I will give the results that I have ar rive d at on this great economic ques tion. I cannt this large audience as a hopeful sign, andi certainly think it a hopeful sign, that the people are Ier ested in these problems. I rejoice to be at this meeting and to see this large crowd because the Alli ance has bee n reporte d as being opposed to a discussion of its measures. The only reply that I make to such imputa tions is that heretofore the debates were between two Alliance me-n and especially for Atlliance men, Since it is our issue and effects us most, we teem it our right to have it discussed. Now since its adoption by the State Alliance we determined to urge open discussion of this plan. The idea of secrecy was to eliminate any outside agency that n~ight prejudice the me beis of the Alliance. This gathering .is bor Newberry County and tne meeting was called bor this particul.ar discus sion. I put it to you, then, whether the Alliance is not in lavor of discus sion with the opposition when Gen. Butler is here for that purpose. It. wants free and full discusson and we abide by such discussion. Ilere Mr. Stokes read his letter of challenge to Senator Butler, which ap peared in the News and Courier to-day. Hie explained it was not his intenuion to speak, but that Mr. Livingston, of the Georgia Alliance, had accepted the invitation to meet Glen. Butler. Late last evening he received a message iromn Mr. Livingston telling hitu he could not meet Glen. Butler on account of physical inability. Hie continued, saying: I am glad to be here, and remember, fellow-Citizens, this is an intell. ctual contest of bramn w ith brain. We want to present the position 0of the Alliance pro and con. Let us gather withnimmds unprejudced to receive the truth. I ask tne Alliance especialiy to give close and practical attentlon to develope the truth, for we give the people of this section this opportunity 01f seeing the bottom of the matter. With these pre liminary remarks I shall proceed. The Alliance has announced as one of its demands the establishment of w~are houses in which non-perishabla products may be deposited and on which treasury notes be issued. [(wish your special attention here, for I will be able to present only a general sum First. I think nearly allthe financiers agree that there is an insuificiency of circulating medium even for ordinary business, and all economists agree that there is an important relation between this ciculating medium and price. I1 might cite to dozens of the greatest ec4)nomists. Calhoun was explicit. Stuart Mill, Clay, all were explicit on than point. But if 1lacked in authority I could appeal to your common sense and prve it as explicitly as they. if youi have a horse worth $250 and are forced by circumstances to sell, and if no one nas more than $150, of course, you can get no more, even if the horse is* worth more. While there is no exact ratio i et the gener21 truth is establish ed. If a commodity is worth so inuch w ith the circulating melium and you cut the wedium, you of course cut the price. Second. Not ouly does the currency not bear a proper relation to this gener al business, but it lacks a featurp which the Alliance was the frst to promulgate, that is elasticity. I might show, by a process of reason ing, the hold of it. In the fall of the year when accumulated labor for a year is thrown on the mar ket, even it the money is not manipulated, there will be a relative contraction at that time be cause the logical effect is what all poliLi cal economists call a depression or price. The fact creates, then an abnormal condition and by way of parentnesis that condition is not due solely to the relative i-Alux of products, but to the few who control the money. Col Robert Chisolm. formerly of Charleston, has made the alarming statement that there were six cornora tions and ten men who can lock up in one day one billion of dollars. This condition, due to lack of tlexiblity, oper ates against all classes of people, and you are mistaken when you think it is for the sole interest of the farmer we are working, for the question Is as broad as the country. All business men are eramped by that condition of affairs. But it is especially - hurtful to the farmer, for he must labor twelve months before he can produce anything. The commercial men know the condi tion and, therefore, have an opportu nity of getting their money out of the way, so the farmer must sell on a fall ing market. While speaking about the abnormal condition I will answer the arguments against the measure. It does not give the farmer special privileges, but if it did they would be rather in the line of evening up. There are three, and only three, classes of producers, mining, manufacturing and agriculture, but two are not producers in a strict sense, mining and manufacturing. But an agriculturalist when he goes into his ield and works nina months, using soil, sunshine and rain, is a producer, and he only. There are two ways of even ing tip unequal things, subtract from the larger and add to the smaller, there is an equality. Men who own United States bonds have the special privilege of depositing with the Government, and it issues currency on this deposit. But we dare not take away that priv ilege, because there is not enough cur rency. Then add some privileges to the farmer. Some argue it would hurt the miners and manufacturers, but they are always protected, they can put their products on the market every day, but not the farmer. So this is to place the farmer equal to the other two produc ers, and he is entitled to it provided he can give as solid a basis for issuing currency. Here he gave the plan of Mr. S. M. Stone in the Forum, who says he ad mits the necessity of elasticty, but does not admit the Alliance plan. He offers an original plan; proposses a bank of is sue to issue currency on products. I have this objection: The same men will control the currency as now, but I claim Mr. Stone as aconvert to the Alli ance plan of elasticity. Hence we con clude that currency is insufficient and lacks flexibility. Throughout the speech Mr. Stokes quoted Mr. Stone and Mr. Calhoun on the necessity of flexibility. He said the farmers' plan meets the condition, but that if not obtained he will accept a better system than the ware house system. le adds that it is to be supplied by two ways, the issue of fiat money or the national bank issue, and there's no hope of increasing from those sources, because in case of fiat money a man can call for his gold or silver and take it away from circulation. In this case the same man's notes control bonds, gold and silver. There is no increase here, because the entire output of goldi and silver annually about $60,000,000. and all is not used as money. But sup pose all were tused. The increase would not be one dollar per capita. The Alli ance demands five hundred dollars per capita, and it would take forty years to make the proper increase. There is no help from national banks, for it is aecon stant spring of currency, and its power is unwarrrted and a dangerous usurpa-. tion, f or by l aw by t! e 1st of September $51,000,00,, will retire, so neither of the two can give the necessary increase. How car you get it ? I can see only the lands and products as a salvation. He said that on a State bond issuie we would have the same trouble that we contended against during the war. The notes %ere good only in the State that issued them. I know that the notes of South Caroina (lid pass in New York or Liverpool. But it was because South Carolina shipped cotton. Silver, gold and national banik notes are good as far as (they go. Now, if all these can get value for their deposits, why in the name or common sense cannot the far mer dleposit his product and get money on it ? THlEHON. M. C BUTLER. Senator Butler then spoke as follows: Mr. President. Ladies and Gentle men: All the people in this country are awakening to an interest in public affairs. Agitation never alarms me. I welcome the idea that all people are aking a profoun I interest in them. Subjects when argued honestly and fairly can be de-ciae-d correctly. I want truth and light. Why, fellow-citizens, we n I accepted this invitation I ex pected to hear uaanswerable argu ments, and I yield to him in the main all that he has said, except what he chooses to describe as the sub-treasury plan. I may differ in a few details. I do not believe in his argtumen~ts that dexibility of currency establishes the ratio of currency and price. The great law of suppl)y and demand settles this question. I apply supply and demand to money as well as to products. It is claimed by the opposition to free coin age that 90 per cent of the business is done by checks. Such an argument is deceptive, for a man who gives a check must have a bank account You can't uay railroad fare with a check. Taxes bannot be paid with a check. So the argument is miisleading. There is but one billion five hundred million dollars of money bor the transaction or the people's business, about $22 per capita. I my~ self asked in the Senate chamber bow much of that was in the United States treastiry, and how would that re duce the circulation? One Senator calculated six hundred million, my es timate, about S16 per capita. I agree with you, my friena, that there is some thing wrong. An important thing with physicians is to find out what is the matter with a patient, to diagnose the case. A doctor may treat one case when he ought to treat another. We can only judge in general by symptoms. So, when you find out what is the mat ter, it is easy to apply the remedy. The Alliance is treating the wrong organ. I do not announce that all are fools who favor the sub-treasury, and we all cannot think 'dike. We can have a tolerance of opinion, which is the safest way of settling a question. It is not a legitimate argument to say because you oppose me I am a fool. I have brought an official copy of the bill as tabulated. Mr. Stokes: We are discussing the plan not the bill. Butler: Y ou say that we must dis cuss the plan, not the bill. How can I et the plan without the bill. T dis cuss something tangible, not a Iloating vapor. (Produces bill.) I cannot con scientiously support the hill. There is not a man in this audience who has not intuitive principles of home rule and1 self-government. Every man has this. No man would submit to his private affairs being troubled. Communities, municipalities, counties are governed by it. No cottnty would tolerate a dis turbance of its affairs by outside agencies. A step further, this applies to the State as well. The Federal Gov ernmient is supreme, but it cannot. dare not, dictate to a state Government.. This bill then is opoosed to this princi ple. This advocates the perpetuity of paternal government. He first diicussed the ware house system. Every county must be able to deposit productions to a value not less than 00,000. Every county would not get a ware house. Newberry, your own county, could not get in. H1orry, Pickens, Barnwell, Beaufort, George town and Lexington would not be on the list. I like to meet a fair man like Mr. Stokes, and I have the thing he de mands-a remedy also. Senator Butler then read the bill through. In the section where it pro vides for a manager to take cbarge of the sub-treasury he commented as fol lows: Do you know %ho would be chosen in the present state of affairs? A Ie publican would be selected as manager. I know Edgefield's man. A mulatto would probably govern tyrannically your sub-treasury here. Voice: Go ahead, General. In Section 5 it gives the manager the right to grade products-he alone the final arbiter. What chance would a poor man or a rich man either have un der such circumstances? The grade of cotton and corn would come down to nothing. Where would you be with 80 per cent of your products' value in your pocket? Talk to me about flexibility of cur rency. When do we want money most? Is it not in the spring? According to this the money shall go back to the treasury at the very time it is most needed. In Section 11 it is provided that $50,000,000 be appropriated to carry out the provisions of the Act. Is it for building ware houses? Some say that the Government should issue money directly to the people. But the Consti tution is in the way. Money cannot be issued unless by appropriation by Con gress, and that provision was put there by the wisdom and sagacity of the farmers to protect the people against dishonest officers; to protect them against just what this bill wants. The sub-treasury bill would not stand ten minutes under the Supreme Court. State Senator Keitt: Was the New Orleans Exposition appropriation made in this way? Senator Butler: It was appropriated by the general welfare clause or the blanket clause of the Constitution. Congress has a definite specifie power and can appropriate for any national affair. There have been, however, ap propriations especially for suffering humanity's beneit, for cases of distress. The Secretary of War cannot lend a tent or a gun, the Secretary of the Navy must hold his peace unless authorized by Congress. Yet this bill wants to lend money direct to the people. This same objection of the uncer tainty of the amount of the appropria tion is against the force bill. Not withstanding Mr. Stokes's statement to the contrary, Mr. Calhoun never con templated lending money direct to the people. The treasury is not a bank, but is for managing the Government disbursements. I want to borrow money froin you at 2 per cent. We have losses and all such losses wiul be made up by taxation. Yet this is what you wish. Mr. Stokes: It does not give special privileges to farmers. Taere's the fault. It ought to. We have among us three classes of men: First, the man who neither bor rows nor loans money; second, he who lends money and lives on the interest, (and he has a right to do this;) third, the borrowing class. .Now, don't call a man who lends money a rascal, for it is his right. Class three can be sub divided as follows: First, one who bor rows anid returns what he borrows; second, one who borrows and by un fortunate circumstances cannot pay is debt; third, one who borrows at any price, and never intends to pay it back. This last class is the one who wants to borrow at 2 per cent. Seven per cent is the standard of interest and 2 per cent is entirely too low. [Cheers.] State Senator Keitt: General, do na tional banks borrow from the Govern mext ati1 per cent? Senator Butler explain-: No, nstion al banks place their money in the treas ury for the notes they circulate. The 1 per cent is only a tax. The gentleman urged his question again, claiming a desire to be accurate, and the Senator explained again, going into details. Yet the gentleman's per ception was very obtuse. Gen. Butler: I can give a man facts, but I cannot furnish him understand lng. I atu opposed to national banks, but not as Mr. Stokes. They are the outgrowth of the war. They were es tablished to put down the war. [Here a history of national tanks was given.] s a man any less partriotic because Lhe owns a national bank stock ? I don't oppose national banks because they are thieves. You put money in them to make money out of them. National banks do not want currency. State banks want it. I am opposed to the present system because a national bank puts a sword and a purse in the same hand and gives the executives of the Government complete control. Senator Butler took issue with Mr. Stokes as to the reason of the disap pearence of money out of the treasury. The money was stolen. Ask the billion dollar congress where it went. Now for my reniedy. First. Have a reduction of the tariff from 57 to 60 per cent ad volorem to something like 40 per cent. I could not make any amendment to the bill. for I never saw it after it got in Con gress. It laid in the pigeon holes of the agricultural department. No one came to me for an amendment. I believe in inserting the Mills bill. Hie spoke of the reduction of prices. in which connection he said: Prices are reduced not by the tariff but by la bor-saving machines. Second, I believe in the reduction of expenses of the Government. Instead of expending $1,000,000,000 cut it down one-half. Thiru, I believe in absolute unlimited free coinage of silver. Fourth. Repeal the 10 per cent Act against State banks. X oti can't get money from national banks, because it is not there. The money is scarce be cause the currency goes thack tothe can tres of business and the people can't get it out. Let us put the power out of Wall street by each State issuing its own currency. The only danger in yous plan is that when the collapse comes it injures the poor man, not the rich. My first Senatorial act was the introduc tion of a bill to repeal the 10 per cent tax on the issue of State banks. Mr. Calhoun's idea was to put the matter back in the hands of the people. Mr. Calhoun favored the sub-treasury as we have now in Chicago, New Orleans, etc, to ssune currency for the benefit of the people. but not to give it to1 them I ahis was for convenience. Tle! sub-!reasur ies are only branches of the Federal treasury. The peop'e cannot get the money except they have surething to sell for It. Another step I wou'd take to che set tlement of the "unevenuess" is this: Put ten acres of cottou to the mule for three years. Let farmiers do tbi- and they will have the world at their ftet. They would be then the nost prosper ous people on the globe. As for not be ing able to put thir products on the ruarket at any titne is all stuff. There is not an acre of ground in Newberry that cannot make something to sell every month of the year. I am opposed to only t wo planks in the Alliance platforin. The sub-treas ury bill is unwise, and the worst thing for the larmers. I am also opposed to Governmental control or operation of all railroads, for the following reason: The more you can divert the interest of the people from the Government the better off will :he masses be. Voice: How about the Third Party, Ueneral? Butler: We have no room for the Third Party. There can only be two parties. Tue old Democratic though Duffeted stands still. Voice: What has the Democratic par ty uone for the Soutn in the last thirty live years? Butler: If you are so far in the back woods as not to know wvhat that party has done for the South you are a poor sinnner and "ought to be born again." You would be an excellent Third Par ty leader. Senator Butler then eulogized most stirringly the Democratic party. It has held its own under the direction of the wi*st statesman, Jefferson; held its owo against Revolutionist and Anarch ists. When I hear talk of a Third Par ty I am overwhelmed with pain The Democratic party has stood Ike a stone wall against aUl aggressors and for that alone, if it had nothing ,else, should be lauded to the skies, It repressnts home rule and self government. Party after party has risen in the ruins or older parties, while tue Democratic party alone has stood the blood of wars and the heat of political activity. It stands with the very doctrines ot the Alliance except the two I have opposed above. I believe with 140 majority in the House, with the present Senate. and with the chances favorable of -electing the next President, if it fails to tiring relief then I shall talk about the Third Party, but not with such signs of success. Wherever a farmer makes all he needs does his business on business princi ples, he will not ,vant money at 2 per cent. MR. STOKE S nE1LY was only a recital of argumeats used in his first speech. In several he simply stated that be disagreed with the hon orable Senator. His reply was limited to thirty minutes, but a downpour forced him to conclude earlier. The time of each speaker was at first placed to one hour and a half, but such a clamor arose when Senator Butler be gan to take his seat at the end of the time that it was prolonged. Later in the day Col. Talbert made a speech, which was not a discusson of the sub-treasury, but a general Alli ance talk. Bayond this it would have been a violation of agreement. His address was interrupted by rain. All the speakers deserte I Prosperity this evening. Senator Butler goes im mediately to Washington. Dr. J. W. Stokes was called to Greenville. Col. Talbert returned to his duties in Co lumbia.-News and Courier. Surrenders Its Charter. WEDGEFIELD, i. C., July 27.-At the regular meeting of the Wedgefield Sub Alliance Saturday afternoon it was un animously resolved to disband and re turn the charter. Theui reasons for taking this step are not secret, and a prominent member of the Alliance said: "The entry of the Alliance into poli tics having ~seemingly destroyed all in terest in the prime objects of the organ ization, and the recent actions ol the county and State Alliances having shown that all who will not follow the behests of coat-tail politicians and swal low the visionary sub-treasury bill in toto are to be held no longer loyal Aili ancemen or worthy of cousideration in the councils of the order, the Wed gelield Sub-Alliance is much displeased at this prostitution of the organization, which is still worthy of great vener at ion in its true conception, and has decided that rather than be compelled to give up their manhood and the inalienable right to think and vote as the members choose, they will leave the organization to the fate which is yawning to receive it, if its pre-sent policy and leaders are fol lowed." ____ ___ Cheering to the Farme~rs. The weekly weather and crok buille tin of the South Carolina weather ser vice, in co-operation with the United States Signal Service, for the past week was issued Saturday afternoon and it is as follows, giving much encouragement to the farmers in the various sections of the State. The total rainfall was about the nor mal and well distributed, and was bene tiial to the growing crops, particularly in those sections where the drouth had prevailed for some time. Temperature and sunsnine have been about an aver age amount and have been of material benenit to crops. From one end of the State to the :ther comes the cheering news that there has been a marked improvement of the condition of the c >tton :-rop over that of the previous week. The dry and cool weather had somewhat cazeckeud not only the growth of the plant. but had prevented it from taking on fruit By the recent showers the plant has re overed its lost condition and a decided toprovement is noticedl. Mlost of the rop is clean and was just in condition to be benetited by the rains. The great est drawback to the crop is the inferior stands which will necessarily reduce the yield. The corn has suffered less than cotton from the effects of tne drouth. The crop an bottom lands was never better, but is youug. An average crop may be ex pected and the y ield will be munch larger than last year's. The rice crop while ini lair condition1 hMs suffered in some sections from routh, but as rain have fallen in those sections where most needed. tne pros pects are much brighter than they were t the last report. From the Limb of aTree. t F'RANKLIN, Ky., July 25-A few ays ago a negro named Job Granger ad a diliiculty with a white mani by the ameof Witt. IIe drew a knife on Witt, and i-an him into his house. Last night a niob took the negro out and swungz 1 im to a limb of a tree. Ie was found anging this morniag, his feet dangling 1 n mid-air and his neck broken. The Sot where he was hung is just across he Tennessee line,;and is the same limb I rom which [Ricks and Taylor were anged by a mob several years ago. A M1urderous Soiler. BERLIN, ,July :4.-At Posen today a 1 runken soldier ran amuck through I he streets, sword in hand. and killed a< priest and a phy sician before he could TIIE GREAT DEBATE. TERRELL AN) TILLMAN HAVE IT HOT AND HEAVY. The Rules of the Alliance as Construed by 'reident Stokes Give the Sub-Treas ury Advocate the Advantage of Opening and Closing the Argmuient. SPARTANBURO, S. C., July 24.-Today the debate between Governor Tillman and Col. Terrell was the great point of interest, and, reportorial inquiry for the debate was strictly in secret. The Al liance people had put forth extra force to preserve that secrecy. Eveporters gathered on the balconies, in windows of the hotels, and in the shadows of the walls of the Opera House. It was all in vain. Al1 that could be gathered was a word here and there from the speakers. It was, or course, especially desired to hear what Governor TilImian ha:i to s-y. Alliance men got into the ball, but there were Non-Alliance men, in a crowd three feet thick and deep, who did not get into the hall. If there were any reporters in the ball they were very few in number and were r.ot known in that official capacity. Can vassers, who were Alliance men for the revenue of this meeting only, were pro jected into space. They knew nothirg, could get nothing, and have nothi-g that is either news or true. GOVERNOR TILLMAN APPEARS. About 9 A. M. Governor Tillman was driven down to the hotel from the resi dence of Adjt Gen Farley. At that time the Merchants' Hotel looby was crowded with business men and adven turers and voliticians. Among the lat ter were Gen Stackhouse, Capt Snell, Senator Evans, Capt Waddell, Col J. S. Browning, 1enator Donaldson, the Rev J. A. Sligh and a host of others. Gov ernor Tillman stepped into the lobby, and was met there by Col Terrell and President Stokes. There was a hearty greeting, and in a few minutes all the initiated were on the way in the rain to the Opera House. In front of the academy there ' as A GREAT JA31 of people, who, in turn, were halted at the gatts, and asked to give the pais word, just as it was at Edgefield some weeks ago. The capacity of the beeu tiful Opera IHouse is about six hundred, but if there was one there were one thousand people in the building when the fireworks begau. Governor Tillman, President Stokes ] and Col Terrell went on the stage through the crowd in the left side pas sage and were cheered every step of the way and were cheered again when they stepped on the stage. THE ORDER OF DEBATE was as given this morning in The N ews and Courier. Col Terrell, it being "a civil case," had the opening and reply. An arrangement was promptly made by giving Col Terrell half an hour to pen, then Governor Tillman an nour and a half, Col Terrell to close in an hour. Governor Tillman was also accorded the privilege of interrupting his oppo nent and getting categorical answers to his interrogatories. COL TERI'ELL was warmly received, and coming for ward he said that he deemed it a moral obligation to be here, but one that, aside Irom that consideration, gave him infinite pleasure. He had learned to know and appreciate the South Caroli na Alliance men and those who were I not only allied with him organically but in thought and principle. [Ap plause.] He had come not only to tea.ch as best he could, but to be taught, :ror mutual enlightenment was the spirit of the age. [Applause ] He was glad to ieet so skilful and able an opponent, but the audience should remember that: the meeting was for a single purpose to discuss before the Order (he would em phasize this expression) thte sub-treas ury bill in its essential features and itsi principles, and he knew that the discuas-1 sion on the other side would take no wider latitude. Going into the argumient he said that the sub-treasury was one of the demands ot the Alliance and ast such it should be respected. He ielt and~ knew that neither the Alliance nor any other popular organization could exist if it did not ask something that would benefit the whole people. Ilei held that the men of the St Louis Con-t vention were equal in brain and inliu-< ence to any delegates that ever attend ed a convention. 'That convention was 'omposed of men who in the end repre-1 sented the sub.Alliance and therefore the people. GOVERNMENT CONTR~OL OF TRtANsPORt TATION the third demand of the Alliance. He1 held that the constitutional right of the G~overnment could not be controverted, ind the Alliance '%as only asking thet Giovernment to carry out the law. lIe leld that the expenses of the railroads in lobbying, etc, uaust ne paid out of the people's pockets. IIe then alluded to tie demand tor financial reform, or, as xpressedn b~y the O)cala platform, the ibolition of national banks and the es5- t ablishment or sub-treasuries. TVline position of Col Terrell is here ~iven in his language as follows: t "We dleiman<I the abolition of nationxalt banks. By this the Alliance means banks of issue. We believe the Gov arnmie 1t alone has the right to miake money and in the national banking sys em the Government has delegated that< po wer to the banks, without restrictiont Ls to the amount they should keep m n irculation. With the latitude greatt .buses have grown up in connection with them, and thme circulation has been upanded to suit the money power to < ~he gieat. hurt of thme faruwers and labor-t :rs of the~ country. T1he property ofe muy country is at the mercy of those who can control its money, and believ nig tIs to be -o the Alliance rightly de- 1 flands the abolition of the national t janKs as banks of* issue.i COMING TO TIlE POiNT. ".seconid, We demand that the Glovernl- 1 rient shall establish sub treasuries ors leposit ories in the several States whicht hall loan money direct to the people at I Slow rate of interest, not to exceed 2 per cent per annum, ou imnperishable armn products and also upon real estate. with proper limitations up,>n the (luan-t ity of land and amount of money. In( his (demiand the Alliance intended to rovide for increasing the circulating nedium by advancing money on landa which they demand shall be increased I o $50 per capita.) In the advance one a~rm products the Intention was to givet o t.:ie circul stion that flexibility abso utely necessary to the welfare and pro- t etion of the farmers.v "Now let us first look at the necessityv >f an increase of the culation. I be- c ieve that I shall be able to prove to the p tatisfaction of any lair minded man t hat a very great crime has been comn- p uitted against the people by contrsc- e ion of our circulation. If you will ex- 11 mine statistics for the last t wenty-hive~ s ears you will find that they will prove s bree things: First. That the per ji apita volume of currency has been con- t tantly and materially lessened; second. y hat banb-ruptcies and lailures have g apidly multiplited in consequence; r bird,'that the national debt during this d eriod has increased instead of. being iminished." lie then dealt with the subjiect of the t: .on+ration of the currency and the Iv resultant failures and losses. Speaking of the plan of relief Col Terrell said that the subtreasury was introduced to give the people control of the circula tion and the power to prcvent discrim ination against the producer. Ile dis cussed at length the need for more money and defended cotton as good a basis as gold bullion, WE SHOULD SAY sO! This was the essential part of the arugment, and the speaker maintained it with great force. Col Terrell in his address necessarily went over a great deal of the ground covered in the ad dress of Col Polk, and which was given to-day in The News and Courier. GOVERNOR TILLMAN was received with great enthusiasi when lie arose to speak. Ile was evi dently in the house of Alliance men ard friends. Opening his speech be said: "I thank you for the cordiality with which I was recelve'a by you yesterday, and for the renewal of that feeling to day. At the outset I would call atten r ion to the charges that have been made inside and outside that I have been fighting the Alliance. I need not tell you that such charges are not true. [Applause.] "I am aware that the Alliance has been criticised and tnat I have been ap plauded and patted on the back oni the assumption that there was a personal ight between the Alliance and myself, but I tell you my friends that that en iorsement has been of no avail. [Ap plause.] It wa3 too transparent. [Ap plause.] If they have been urging me forward on the tiupposition that there was a war betwe ii me and my friends n the Alliance, thi% :.:.ve been mista ken." GOING FOR POLK AND STOKES. Governor Tillman said that at the >utset he was obliged to compla'n of he injustice of President P.Ak coming iere and taking a vote in the Alliance >n the subject matter of the debate of o-day. le desired also to know why President Polk had the right to elim inate five planks of the Ocala platform ind that such a furor was raised be 3ause he differed with his brethern on one single plank. [Applause.] I claim, aid Governor Tillman, that the action >f President Folk and of PrEsident tokes was nothing more or less than a asurpation of authority not granted by ,he constitution of the Alliance. TESTING THE OCALA PLATFORM. Governor fillman then took up the )eala platform and discussed it from ,he opening to the closing section. He laid great stress on the value and im portance of the free coinage of silver nd explained the robbery committed )y its demonetization. Ile then argued in favor of an income tax and the ab olute necessity of having Senators lected directly by the people so as to ;et rid of the power exercised by mil onaires who bought and sold the peo )le like cattle or hogs. He claimed that the sub-treasury bill iad come to the people downward from he St Louis meeting in a perfunctory ay, and that it had gone back to Ocala d had been endorsed in the same way, Rith the result and effects not under tood by the people, the source of author y. [Applause.] -'But I will not deny," he aid, "that the agitation has done great ooa in this broad country of ours, for t has called attention of the world to .he fact that the producing classes are rely oppressed, and are demanding, rying for relief. [Applause.] Governor Tillman then touched upon 1he currency question. I am, he said, m favor of a flexible currency, of a reater volume of currency; but I xintain that a flexible currency as en inciated by Col Terrell means an at empt to fix prices by legislation, to fix he price of commodities by statute. hat, my friends, is fallacy, because ;he price must be regulated by the in lexible law of supply and demand. FOLLYOF TlE COTTON sTORAGE DEA. Governor Tillman said that in case ~oton got dammed up in the ware iouses the consumers would k-now that t would have to come out in time and hat just as soon as the quantity was mown, which could not be concealed, he price would gravitate to its normal eve!. This illustration he introduced o show that an artificial means could iot evade or runcounter to an estab ished law in the commercial world. It ~as asserted, he said, that by spreading he supply over twelve months the fall n price would be prevented and that he evils of inconstant prices would be >bviat&. They had, however, forgot e tht by the terms of the bill by which the whole could be only held for welve months,one-twelfth of the crops nust be sold each month, and that there ~as absolutely nothing to prevent the peculator from havidg the stame chance s he holds under existing laws. He voulid have the same chance wvith the ub-treasurv as he now has with i~h eople. The Governor held to the posi ion that the sub-treasury bill was class egislation, or. as he put it to-day, "it is special privilege rather than a right."' admiP he said, that the Government ias blued money, but the right for uch action is based on the general We1 are clause of the Constitutinon, and not pon01 proseriptive or statutory right.1 t wzll not be de-nied thatL any scheme ny take for Its assmption of right he elastic general welfare clause of he Constitution, which from its very ame settles no specific right or prin iple. oOOD DEMOCRATIC D)OCTRLINE. I hold again, said Governor lilman n the next uranch of discussion, that .he sub treasury bill is fairly open to h charge of paternalism. It proposes concentrate the busmness of the peo le in the hands ->f a centralized power t Wasbington, and this is in absolute :ontIradiction of the principltelaid down y Jefferson taiat the Govei uent gov rs test that governs least. (Ap lause.] In othier words, that Luere hould be equal rightsa to all and special rivileges to none. ie would appeal, Le said, to tihe g ood s- nse and patriot sm of the people in the majority to aid n the obtamning of just and reasonable iws, instead ort the parisan favoritism ho a a by the Governmnent inthe main enace of national banks and nursingz ivate mnanuofacturing industries. [A p POLlK As A sOCIA LIsT. He characterized Cal. Polk's views on ie money quiestion, re-ferring~ to the overnmient lending muoney with the vowed intent of in juring o-her classes f business, as Socialism. It would mount in the end to a divisiou of the roperty o1 the p)eopler and produce a ondition in which the provident and he improvident would share alike. Governor Tillman repeated bere that he Alliance all agreed as to a greivous rong existirig, and that the dispute has only as to the remedy. ie pointed ut as causes of the burden on the peo le of the South the inequalities of the urdens laid on their shoulders as coin ared with the people of the North and lsewhere. ie showed that the mil onaire and the poor farmer were the imultaneous and necessary product of uch laws. He thought that there was ist as much hope at present for getting he sub-treasury bill through as there as for the South being paid for ne roes or getting the Federal pensions educed. On the contrary, he saw a isposition to pension every bummer, hether or not he had ever heard the ;hiz of a bullet. In fact, he believed he timie was coming when the pensions 1'una be incrased tnom m0,00000. Governor Tillmn then paid his re spects to the Third Party. le read tabulated statements showing the elec. toral scrength of the Democratic and Republican parties of all the States. Ile took those States in wbich the farm erai were in the majority and said that if all ot them declared for a Third .Party they could not elect the President. The idea is, he said, for the Western and Southern farmer to control the country, but that would be impossible if they carried all the States in which the farmers have a majority. It should be remembered that, while there were 8,000,000 engaged in agriculture, there were I1.0.OO00 engaged in other occupa tions. They should remember that the Republican farmers in the North were particularly bitter, hostile and partisan as regards the South, and that the Democrats were for the most part from the cities. They should remem ber that the Democratic majority of 60,000 in the city of New York had been, and could be, discounted by the Republican farmers of New York State. They should remember that Kansas had given 80,000 majority for Harrison, and yet we are asked by them to turn our backs on the Democrats of Connecticut, New Jersey, New York and Indiana, and this too for the mere risk of elect ing a Democratic President by the Western vote. THE DANGER OF DIVISION. Governor Tillman showed that the sub-treasury bill could not be forced on the National Democratic Convention ard that the issues now could only have the result of dividing the National Democratic party, as it did in 1860 and give the Republicans a continued lease of power. I ask you, he said do you not realize that there are anxious poli ticians all over the United States, and right here, too, in South Carolina, who are fervently praying that we divide here to-day? Do you not know that the Haskell party watches our proceed ings and is hoping for and expecting a division, and so are the Republicans and all other opponents of the State iemocracy? ie would remind the Alliance that Senator Peffer, the ex ponent of the Kansas Alliance, had said that, of course, he would support the Alliance, but he would vote with the Republicans on other interests, and that Powderly, the chief of the other n ing of the industrial army, the Knights of Labor, coupled his support of the Alliance demands with the con dition that political equality should be accorded the negro. I maintain, he concluded In vigorous style and earnest manner, that division in South Carolina means the negro. TIE GOVERNoR's IDEAS ON THE CUl r.ENCY. Governor Tillman gave as his remedy for a tilexible currency the repeal of the 10 per cent tax on State banks and the estabhshment of banks to issue money bast on land and crops just as our credit is now based on loans and mort gages. He was in favor of the farmers establishing their own banks and print ing their own money instead of paying such rates of interest. He held that we might have a sub-treasury under State control, but a sub-treasury under oational control meant the perDetua tion in power of the party by which it was established. A TIMELY WARNING. He would warn his brethren that a division In the Democracy at this junc ti:n meant a continuance of the Re publicans in power and the possible enactment of the force bill. le would further say that a division between the Farmers' Movemert and the Alliance meant a return to power of the Ring, which they. with such a hard light, overthrew last fall. [Applause and cheers.] Governor Tillmnan closed by making an appeal for unity, harmony and charity, and the State. Resolutions of thanks were tendered Governor Tillman and Colonel Terrell for the information they had imparted by the discussion. A Work Shop. Every farmer has frequent--almost constant-need of a work shop. It may not be a seperate building; a place at one side of the carriage-room will answer. There should be a good sized bench with a vice at one end and a place for using the planes, of which there should be at least two kinds pro vided. A shaving bench, with a draw ing knife, is an essential feature of a well stocked work shop; and saws, chis els, bit-stocks, and bits, hatchet, tiles, scre w-drivers, wrenches, etc., should all be at hand. For work in metal, punches, cold-chisels, anvil, etc., are all needed. A soldering iron is important, and also a few needles and awls for doing the ne cessary mending of the harness. By those provided with a work shop or work room, many a rainy day may he turned to good account. A well-equip ped' work shop will do much to make the boys interested in the farm work, and tend strongly to keep them at home when they might be tempted to go to the villiage or elsewhere. De~mocracy and AIiance. ) NEW York, July 23.-JTust before Sam Small left town he haa a few th:ings to say on the politics of the south. "The Alliance brother," said Mr. Small, "is a horse, and galioping th:-ough the south with great energy.. The rank and file of the southern De mocracy are under the Alliance banner. They don't want a third party. The Democratic party is the party of the people. They are the people, and they have a few planks which they want to: see in the platform of the People's party. They control seven or eight southern states and, as Democrats, they will send delegates to the national convention who will, as Democrats, ask that the Alliance doctrine be considereJ. Geor-< gia has 84,000 Alliance Democrats. Ar- 4 kansas has 75,C00. Nearly all the farm- I ers in South Carolina are for the D~e-t mocracy and the Alliance. l'ATTE~isON. N. J1., July 2.-liawson ( Labar, aged 19, of Maple streer, was rawn through the rollers of a compres- I ng machine at the Ivanhoe paper millt this afternoon and crushed to death.l abar was an employee at the mill, aving commenced work there to-day.t When the horrible accident happenedc he was feeding the machine with paperc hulls. Accidentially lie fell on the re eiving boardis arm catching bet ween he rollers. In an instant his entire ody had passed through. A Warning. LONDON, July 25.-Capt. Armit, re-Ir ently an ollicer on the Chilian warshi p resident P'into- writes to the press varning E'nh:lishmen not to accept of-t fers made by Balmaceda's agents. lieI ays that he did three month< service n the Chilian navy undler Admiral atoreo, and that he was unable to get i ayment for his services, and that theg alors who asked for pay were put int rons. A Fosiy Fatal Fail. CHLAILESTON, S. C., .July 29.-Mr. E. . Kerrison, the widely known dry foods merchant of this city, was sud- - lenly takein with an attack of dizziness 1 while decending the front steps o1 his 1 esidence this morning, and fell, lie|I vas very seriously injured, and nec-ause l f his adlvanced age his friends are fear- I ail of the result. A TALE OF IIORROR. THE COLLISION BETWEEN THE FRENCH EXCURSION TRAINS. Fully !00 Persons Killed or Injured Many Slowly Roasted to Death and Others Drowned-Sickening Scenes. PAtS, -July 26.-A terrible railway accident occurred today near the vil liage of Saint Mande, in the department of the Seine. Two excursion trains colided, owing to some error on the part of the driver of one of the trains. Both were loaded with people for a holi day. The collisio- was followed by a scene of frightful confusion. Three carriages were utterly wrecked, and many persons were crushed and injur ed in the ruins. About fifty were res cued, more or less hurt. Owing to the greatness of the canfusion, the extent of the calamity is not.yet known. Later advices show that of the sixty injured in the coilision, forty are dead, includ ing two children mangled beyond rec ognition. Most of the bodies recover ed are without legs, through the seats being jammed together and cutting off their limbs. Twenty thousand people assembled at the scene, including many relatives of the injured and dead. 'the scenes were inst heartrending as the victims were extricated. The driver and fireman of the second train were burned alive. The station master, on whose oversight the blame is now placed, has, it is reported, gone mad and disap peared. PARIs, July 27.-A dispateh just re ceived from the scene of last night's fearful collision between excursion trains near Sainte Mande represents the accideut as having been of a more distressing character than at first ap peared. After the fearful crash the train caught fire, and those unfortun ates who were hopelessly wedged in the debris were slowly roasted. Many of the poor creatures were so placed that for many agonizing moments they were forced to look upon death remorseless ly burning its way to them. All that humanity could do to extricate them from a situation not to be described by language was done, but in most in stances to no avail. The awe-stricken multitude were forced to stand help lessly by and listen to the awful din made by the crackling flames, the fall ing iron work of the burning cars, and the shrieks. moans and prayers of the doomed. Occasionally a voice would raise itself above the tumult, supplicat ing the merciful to kill the unhappy speaker and put him out of pain. In a number of instances men and women were seen laughing. gibbering, and linging their arms wildly about. Fea; had dethroned their reasons. The engine of the rear train tele scoped the last three cars of the train ahead, and almost instantly the reser voir in which the gas was storea ex ploded with terrific force. The wreck age then caught fire. A half hour elapsed after the outbreak of the flames before the last iaint cry of agony was stilled in death. Fully two hundred perscns are known to have been killed or injured. It now appears that in additi:n to the other horrors of the collision, the death by drowning of many ot the imprisoned passengers is to be added, Forty min utes elaipsed before the pompiers were able to obtain water. When, however, they did so, they poured torrents upon the wreck, and seemed to be utterly un aware that they were drowning half of the people whom they were trying to rescue. An awful spectacle is presented at the town hall of Sainte Mande, where the charred and terribly disfigured odies of the dead lie in rows upon the ioor and upon tables. In some cases the remains are but little more than a heap of cinders. PAIIs, July 28.-The Marquis and Marchioness of Montferrat were among the victims of the8Sainte Mande disas ter. An artillery lieutenant climbed upon the burning railway carriage to rescue a young woman. Both the lieu enant and the young woman fell into the burning mass and were consumed. P~Am~s, July 27.-An oflicial state ment of the dead and wounded in the railway accident at Sainte Mande, Sun lay, places the number of dead at ?or ty-three and of injured 104. Death at a Railroad Crossing. E LM IRA. N. Y., July 27.-An accident )ccurred about 9 o'clock this evening >nl the Erie railroad crossing, near Eld ridge Park, in which four persons were tlled and t wo so seriously injured that :he doctors say they are likely to die at mny moment. The accident occured while the Rev. Wellington White was out driving with is wife and three children, Ihattie Hast igs, a daught er of a neighbor. and Susie cCarty, a nurse girl. A pproachinig the crossing of the rail rol, a freight train, which had been cut ln t wo t o allow vehicles to drive in the park, occupied the near track. Mr. White, believing that everything was lear, and not bing~ wvarned by the sig 2a1 man, drove between the halves of the freighnt train upon the other track just in time to be struck by Erie passen ;er train No. 24, from the West. MIr. White, his daugoter Lillian. aged nine, Ilattie IHastings. iiged nine, and Susie MIcCarty, aged nine, were instant ly killed. 3Mrs. White anld child two Fears old eacti recieil fractures of the sk ull and have been unconciouls since he accident. Planning the Ohio Campaign. Co Lt~iBU, 0 . July 23.-The Demo ~ratic State executive committee has xtended a formal invitation to Ex resident Cleveland to deliver not less han six speeches in behalf of C overnior ampbell during the coming camfpaign. ssranfce was given that the Ex-Pres dent would accept such an invitation. lovernor 111ill. (rn. Palmer. G overnors ek and hiloies, with Senators Voor ees. Vance. Vilas and other represen ative Democrats will be asked to give Ad to the campaign. JTames E. Neal, ho led Governor Campbell to victory wo years ago, was selected as chairman f the campaign comm iittee. The State ampaign will open about the 1st of etember. Piano" and Organs. N. W. T aUMe, 131 M1ain Street Co umtbiai, s. C., seils P'ianos anid Urgans, ~rect iromn factory. No agents' com nissi ons. The celebrated Chickermng ianio. MIathushek Piano, celebrated or its clearness of tone, lightness of ouch and lasting qualities. Mlason & lamlin Upright Piano. Sterling U p iht Pianos, from 8225 up. Mlason & ailini Organs surpassed by none. Ster ing Organs, 850 up. Every Instrument -uaranteed for six years. Fifteen days' ial, expenses both ways, if not satis ntov. Sold on instalments. After Sherm,,n'.4 .scaip. UI~mINraM, ALA., J uly 21.-Ilon. erry Simpsoa spoke here today to a -oodi ::dieie. Ie disclaimed being ere in the im~erest of any party, :ut ade a speecn against both old parties. e declared that John Sherman. father our tinancial'system, is the arch ene ay of the humani race, and the Alliance as detrmined tO defeat him in Ohio.