Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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XOL V. NMANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 8, 1890. NO. 43. TILE FARMERS' COLLE(;. PLAN OF THE WORK TO BE DONE AT FORT HILL. Chairman Simpson, of the Board o' Trus tees, and President Strode Gives Inter esting Account of the Work that :as been Done at the Clemson Colileze. FORT HILL, S. C.. 6opt. 29.-In a generally <h-scriptive and somewhat hastily prepared article of the 27th in stant I endeavored to give the readers of the News and Courier sonie account of the work that has bent-i done and is still to be accomplished at Fort i. 1; Inasmuch as the Clemson College, by! reason of its own inherent importance and that which political agitation has'i given it, now occupies a very promi nent place among the education:d insti tutions of the State, it may. be well to give an idea of the erection and prac tical operations of the College. t WHAT HAS BEEN DONE. As has heretofore been stated, the contractors have laid the loundations of three buildings, the chemical labor atory, the president's house and the secretary's dwelling,. all of which are I expected to be completed during the present year. A considerable force of hands, including fifty convicts, is em ep t ployed in getting out material for build ing other structures. which will be , more rapidly pushed forward next' s Spring. Considerable quantities of lum her and stone are already on the ground, and special at.tention is being devoted ' to securing brick, the ccatractors thus t far having ;ailed to meet requirements t in the grade of the article turned out. I CHAIRMAN SIMPSON'S VIEWS. t The intentions and purposes of the v board of trustees may be very clearly v perceived from the following expres- V sions of its chairman, Col. R. W. Simlp- e son, of Pendleton : a "The board of trustees," said Col. P Simpson,irl response to my question- t: ing. -have not yet determined all the L details connected with the College. 3 There will be, however, a main college s building, four dormitories which will b be detached, and- not more than two a stories high as a protection against fire, a mess hall, a laboratory, a mechanical o hall, an experimental station and a sufficient number of professors' houses. t "The professors' houses, I under stand, will be twelve in number, in cluding those of the president and sec- . retary of the faculty. t" "The laboratory, the experimental t station and two of the professors' If houses," continued Col. Simpson, "will t be completed this fall. The laboratory 0 will be erected with all the approved appliances belonging to such buildings. n The experimental station, and the work thereon, will also be put in opera- 1 tion before the 1st of January, and it el is the confident hope of the board that P the College, at least the freshman and 0 sophomore classes, will be opened next I fall, unless there should be some un- t< avoidable hindrance. p "The board has determined that in c] erecting these houses there shall be no money spent on them for ornaments, ti their purpose being to make them plain yet substantial buildings. The main y college building, however, If there is to P be any ornamentation, will be made the b most attractive of all the structures. 0 There will be a meeting of the board b on the second (lay of October next. at t which steps will be taken to ascertain h the cost of these buildings and to de- s termine upon their further course of b erection. r "There have been some drawbacks to 1 the carrying out of the work by the t failure of the board to get brick, but C the prospects now in that line are bet ter than they have been before and Ic there will be no trouble on that score when the spring opens." THE MONEY TO UN T HE COLLEGE. j "What financial encouragement will the College need and likely receive.?"'y 'This institution when completed the trustees think can be sustained and v supported by the funds applicable there- c to without levying any tax upon th<i people; for instance, it will get thea Hatch fund of $15,000, and if it shoulde get the amount recently appropriated t by Congress, which is 515,000, due on It the 1st of last June, and $16,000 due lt next June, the amount to lbe increased by $1,000 each year until the sum ' reaches $25,000, with one-half the ajgri- 1 cultural land scrip, $6,500, and the tag tax, varying from $25,000 to $40,000 ain-( nually, these fund.s will be sufficient toc ruu the whole work of the College, thes experimental station and the agricul-t tural department. THE COURsE OF STUDY. 1 "The curriculum, or course of study,C has not yet been determined upon,that I duty having been assigned to a com mittee, of which Mr. Strode is presi- t dent, but it is the intention of the trus tees to develop very largely the mech anical features of the College." THIE PREsIDENT. "'Why did you select a preshh-nt at this early s'tage of the work ?' "It was found necessary to ha~ve some -man at the head of this institution to plan out, direct and conceive the miany matters andI things that are n*eessa'ry for its ereet ion. No one memb~ter of the board of trustn.- wa;s situnatedI so as to accept such a position. They. there-1 fore, determinmd to elect a president 1 and putL him in charge, so that he ig ht r become familiar with the history of the institution from its infancy,that in t he1 erection and location of the building~s everything might be made when com: pleted into a harmonious whole, and I that these buildings might be made suited to the necessities of the course of study that shall be adopted. Ihav ipg these ideas in viewv, the board elect ed their president at once and have put him in charge. "So far Mr. Strode has proved to be everything that was expected of him. While possessed of very tine literary at tainments, he has shown himself to be eminently a practical man, and one thoroughly in sympathy with the great necessity now existing of affording technological education to the youth of our country. One of the most serious difficulties teboard encountered was t e selection of a faculty. To find men n aliied to teach the several depart- I ents was no great trouble, but to iind men not only competent to teach, but in harmony with the proposed course,j and men who had practical knowledste and the faculty of imparting that knowledge to pupils was a very grcat difliculty. In this the board hiopes to obtain from Mr. Strode such assistance as will enable them to make no ist ake when the time for the selection of the oificers comes." THE sELECTION OF A FACULTY. This selection of a faculty wvill be made next spring, and Mr. Strode is even flow considerably barfened with correspondence from applicants for' these positions; but in thiis caIse, I amI informed, the oflice must seekt the muau, hat this man the ofhce. PRESIDENT sTRODE'S VIEwS. President Strode, with his fanuily, is now residing in the old Calhoun man sion, where I visited him and spent some time most pleasantly in discuss ing the proposed workings of the Col ley ith him. Ile will in a great ilsu:; tzre have cbarge of the selection of a faculty, the formation of a cur ricuilumu and other matters almost if not qute as important. The following interview had with im will give an insight into the opera tions of the institution that is to be, and will show that Mr. Strode has a Lhorough understanding of the matters upon which he speakes : "When i;ill the Clemson College be 1pened to the public?" "It is contemplated now to open its loors for agricultural students about a)ctober 1, 1IS1. A failure in many xays on the part of important contrac ors might disappoint present expecta ions. Already one failure of this sort' ias for awhile disturbed our calcula -ions. as the brick contractors lately bandoned their contract. We are waking every effort to prevent this ailure delaying the openirig of the -ollege on the day tirst appointed. To nake up for the lost time we will in rease the rate of manufacture of the )icks in the spring to a million P.' nouth and place them in the wall at he same rate. If sufficient buildings ire not ready for all it is contemplated o open the' College for the two lower lasses at least. By the year following he buildings of the mechanical depart ient will be gotten ready and the Col ege in its second year be opened to that lass of students. By the third or ourth year it may be hoped that there viii ie materiul from the classes of revious years for the organization of he higher departments of the institu ion in all lines of engineering." "When will the faculty of the Col ge be elected and how will they be lected?" "A chemist In-chief will be elected ery soon, as he has to take charge of he laboratory for the experiment sta ion which is now in course of erection. [is assistants will be elected as soon as re station is ready for them In its ork. The professors in the College ,ill be elected in May or June. They :ill be selected from the whole South en field of education as picked men re wanted for all the m:jre important ositions, men of experience and repu ition in their special lines. In the )wer positions, without high silaries, ung men of brilliant promise will be yught. In no case, perhaps, will men e appointed on solicited testimonialQ lone. In all cases effort.Q .vILl be made > supplement zmn testimonials by thers obt.ined in a different way." "What are the prospects of the insti ition so far as attendance of students concerned?" "Our expectation is that we will have fore students offering than we can tke for a few years. The public in rest has been so centred on the Col ge in various ways for several years iat the result is a wide advertisement its plans, etc." "What will be the conditions of ad ission ?" "These will not be hard. As the Col ge is intended primarily for the ben lit of the farming classes and the ublic schools in the country are not f a high grade generally, the College -ill have its own preparatory classes i > bridge the gap between the country ublic schools and the regular College asses." "Will scholarships be established in e College?" "This matter has not been discussed at. but undoubtedly wide and wise rovision will be made to secure for the enefit of the State the education of all r its marked talent that may appear in omes unprovided with wealth. But e expenses here will be very low any ow. The charge for board will be .mly its actual cost, and this cost will e ma:de as low as possible by using the sources of a farm of over eight hun red acres, and the labor of the students wamselves. Board at the College will ast no more than board at home." "'What will be the length of the >rses?" "These will vary from two years to) >ur or five years. according to the eeds and ambitions of the students. 'he will be arrangements here for a i ery thorough education in all but I urely literary lines. The State Uni ersity at Columbia will continue, of ourse, to offer all advantages that] uld be desired in the literary lines, nd these need nmot be introduced here1 zept in so far as they bear upon a horough English education and upon he opening of foreign scientific litera re to our students." "Are the interests of Clemson College id those of the University at Colum in liable to contlict ?" "Hundreds of students will come to ~lemson who would never have thought f entering iny college without the1 pecial advantages it will offer. On he other hand many must continue to nd in the State University advantages n other directions which we cannot fer in our curriculum. There will ardly be an opportunity even for a ~enerous riv~dry between the two. as heir fields wili lie~ so wideapart. Sons rom the same ft:nily will no doubt be et one to ColuiaiI~ and one to Clem on in some cases."I "Uow wil! the rmods coming from the lemson begii st he diushposed of ?" "Trhese wn1 4,- presetrved unrouched s:tn endownwint: rui of the College mless the Legislatumre orders other "WVhat aid wil be expected. of the egislat ore in: runnaing the College?" "ishe necesse.cyv tinnds for the build igs and theni a s n:de sumi to go with h:- Federal grant a:a~lly to keep the oe; in geot ri ng order. An muuoai :gt p:-uar i tion of $30,000 will seep Cami a in the rirst rank of the southerni srieuh aural colleges. No :olegc nur university of any sort, with in my knowledge in the South, would aave an equail anultZ revenue, without :outing tuition feers, if the State adds he above amount to the revenue from he bequest and from Federal aid. The whole amount for the buildings will not be chargeable upon the State treasury. During the two years that he College will be in course of erection~ over S66,000 from other sources could be used in buildings. TIhe use of con victs also ill ve'ry much lesson the demands upon the St ate treasury." "To the teamchinig of what special branches will the Colilege b~e dcycted11" "B the F'edend law the course must include ajgriculture, mechanic arts, military scec and tactics, and all arts andl scienoes pertaining to these. This covers a large field. In addition ull the branches of : good English edu cation woiuld be0 incl:uded as a neces Woulda insiructioni in these branches be given by books or by actual work, or --l' both. As far as possible the bed s:cion of t he College would no laii in hand with practical instrue t'mn in the shape of actual work in field -WVii the College be likely materially to i::erease inmterest in, or elevate the poulaIr est iaton of, agriculturatl and mecanical u? is? "Th:t s'.uid he the natural result. heovwho would come from the il athoe wh~ere he has labored wih no initelligtace' scarcely as to cass :d results iromn a scentille oint of view, would return with every faculty quickened and a new intelli genee~whimch would clothe all the old det2ils of work with a vived scientilic interest. le would bear new force for himself and his State. As to mechan ical pursuits, our Southern people have been strangers mostly as to contact with machinery. New enterprises are slowly organized with us which have to do with manufacturing from the general ignorance as to mechanical ap plications in the fields of industry. When thousands of our boys who have received instruction in scientific work shops have become men the industrial impetus will be widely felt throughout the State. Our industrial dependence upon other States and countries will disappear with the growth of Southern familiarity with the mechanical ap pliances of this era of an industrial civilization." THE GENESIS OF TIIE COLLEGE. It will not be uninteresting perhaps to the readers of The News and Courier to learn how the idea of establishing an Agricultural College at Fort Hill originated. From the several records of one sort and another accessible it is evident that Mrs. Anna Clemson, wife of Thomas G. Clemson and daughter of John C. Calhoun, was the person who onceived this object. Under her in tluence Mr. Clemson and other gentle men at Pendleton began as early as 1866 trying to arouse the people of the tate to the necessity of an institution :f the character which is now to be stablished. Various efforts were made nlong that line until in August, 1874. Mrs. Clern son herself invited to her house a com mittee of gentlemen, as follows: M1ajor Ben Sloan, the Rev. H-. H. Cornish, Col. J. W. Livingstone. Mr. A. N. Alexan Jer, the Rev. H. W. McLees, Dr. John H. Maxwell and Mr. J. W. Crawford, who. at her suggestion, issued an ad Iress to the people of the State of South Carolina, dated August 9, 1874, having as the end in view the establish Lnt of a scientific college at Fort Hill, which would prepare the youth of the State to become intelligent workers in he material development of the State. At this time Mrs. Clemson proposed to lonate forty acres of the Fort Hill land ,o the needs of the institution. This effort having proved a failure, mnd their only two children, John Cal ioun Clemson and Mrs. Floride Lee, both having died, Mr. and Mrs. Clemson made wills of their separate property o eaeb cther, promising each other at ,ae same time that whichever survived ould carry out their joint purpose and lonate their combined property to the State for the purpose of erecting an ag icultural college; and it was a part of his arrangement. Mrs. Clemson own ng the land, which was valued at 810, )00, and Mr. Clemson the money, that a egacy of $10,000, the worth of the land was -to be given to their granddaughter. 'loride Isabel Lee. rhis amount, how ver was increased in the will to 815, )00, Miss Lee having got one-fourth of he Fort Hill place, valued at S5,000, in ddition thereto, and being entitled to ;he Boisseau trust fund, amounting to little over $5,000, making in all $25, )00, besides the silver plate, appraised t $1,800, and the family pictures. Mr. Clemson therefore in making his ill as he did was but faithfully carry ng out a solemn promise made to his rife, who died not long after these ,ills were made. To show the inter st that Mrs. Clemson took in this idea, when she was telling one of her friends what had been done that friend sug rested that perhaps she and her hus )and had not been as mindful or their randdaughter as they might have been drs. Clemson replied: "We have care ally considered the future of our randdaughter and what we have done we considered best for all parties." fON C. CALHOUN THE REAL FOUNDER. It is a fact also well known that M.rs. Clemson obtained her idea of the stablishment of such a school from ier father, John C. Calhoun, who al vays took a great interest in the ed uca ion of the young men of the country. hus we see that from 1866 to the death >f Mr. Clemson in 188. the one great >urpose of his life was the establish nent of an agricultural and scientitic ~chool at Fort Hill for the benefit of he youth of the State. Mrs. Clemson ierself selected the location of the Col ege and the main building will be ~rected on the exact spot which she >ointed out. To show the reverence in which, ort Hill is held by the people of this md adjoining State, I will mention he fact that the register which all vis tors are required to sign h as upon it >ver 3,000 names of persons from vari us quarters who have visited Fort Eill during the last t wo years. People :ome from all sections, and there is iardly a day during the summer that ;here are not numerous visitors, some ;imes as many as twvo hundred and fift L day. J. 1). CAMPBELL.. The Barrundia Killing. WASHINGTON,Sept. 24.-In the H ouse to-day Hill, of Illinois, from the Corn nittee on Foreign Affairs, reported a resolution calling on the President for nfornmation relative to the killing of General Barrundia. McCreary, of Kentucky, strenuously advocated the resolution. The killing :f General Barrundia by the Guatemal an authorities on the United States ressel "Ocapulco" had attractced wide attention both here and abroad. P'ublic indignation had increased as the facts of the killing became known anmd pub lie sentiment diemanded that the.re should be a thorough investigation of the killing of a ma~n on an American vessel andl uder the Ilag of the United States. There was no lawv which per mitted Mlinister Mizner to adlvise or suggest to the captain of the "Ocapul co" that it was his duty to give up his passenger. When the minister did that he violated precedent and law. The deck of an American vessel was terri tory of the United States. He (Mc Creary) had offered his resolution, be cause lie believed that the United States minister had not done his duty, and that the officers of the United States war vessels had not done their duty. Americans owed it to themselves and to their ilag to investigate the matter. Where was our boasted American policy. Hlitt said that he believed every memi-' ber e~f the H ouse was in accord in re gard to the propriety of adopting the resolution. He wished to know all the facts in reference to thc matter, and lhe was advised that the State D~epairtment would send the information prom ptly. He instanced the case of Gomez, a poll. tical fugitive on the same line of steam ers, whom the government of Nicar auga attempted to arrest. The captain, by consular advice, had refused to de liver him up. Secretary Bayard had sent a dispatch stating that it had been the plain duty of the captain to deliver Gomez to the local anthorities. The resolution wvas adopted. Colorado Farmers Starving. D)mxym Col., Sept. :30.-A commit tee has arrived here and is engaged in soliciting aid for the drought stricken district in Eastern Araphoe County, in the neighborhood of the towns of liar risburg and Linden. The crops in that portion are a complete failure this year. In all there are at least one hun Ired families who depend upon thle Aid Society for this winter's supplies, and unless there is some aid from the outside the society cannot taike ca~re of them. ADVICE TO THE ALLIANUE. WORDS OF WISDOM FROM A VETE RAN NEWSPAPER MAN. Alliance Men Should Settle Down to their Uegular Work-The neneft of the or der-What has been Done and what is to be Done. The Alliance swept over the country like a great and far-reaching cyclone. In the agricultural States its influence was felt everywhere Many persons pre(licted that it would soon fail and that the farmers would become dis gusted with their own organization. It was also believed that, with their direct dealing with manufacturers and wholesale merchants, the current of trade would be turned aside and that confusion would reign in business cir cles. Those who were opposed to the Alliance predicted all sorts of disasters and failures. In fact, many of them hoped that the organization would soon come to naught and that the farmers would return to the old way of doing things. Instead of weakening, the organiza tion is growing stronger. They are learning in that school of experience to which all must go, if they amount to anything. Of course the Alliance, in its infancy, has made mistakes, just as the child blunders and stumbles and falls when learning to walk. Un worthy men have been admitte to meinbership and incapable men have been selected for office. Now and then men have been put at the head of Al liances, whose only aim and desire was self promotion. They either wanted to make money, or ride into office on the backs of the farmers. All this was to be expected. Notwithstanding these backsets, the Alliance is 5tronger and in better working condition to-day than 1 ever has been. After all the mistakes incident to a start and after passing through an ex citing political campaign, the Alliance should setle down to regular work. The organization is intended to bene it the farmers, without hurting any >ne else. Should they endeavor to iemedy all their evils by some grand egislature panacea, they will be in the ondition of the man who would apply t mustard plaster for all sorts of dis ases. The Alliance cannot afford to ide certain hobbies, although they are ecommended by some of their leaders. [f one wished to raise a building a few eet and devoted all his energy on one orner and left the others on the old oundations, he would not have a very omfortable house. So the Alliance would fail in its beneticial work, if it hould devote all its energies to some pecial improvement, or reform, and eave the others nndone. The work is eneral in its nature, broad as the oundation of society itself. The principal work up to this time as been the flght against the bagging rust and an effort to secure legislation, vhich will put farmers on an equal ooting with men of other professions n the business world. They have also >een working to secure cheaper sup plies and cheaper money, with a ten lency to get on a cash basis. In the ight against the bagging trust they .ave apparently done good work, for ite bagging is much cheaper than it was twelve months ago. 'They have lemonstated to the business world that hey can combine and stick together, ~nd that is a long step forward. The Alliance stores are furnishing cheaper supplies and bringing about a sharper competition in such goods as farmers ise. Heretofore farmers have been in the power of middlemen, for the single farmer could not accomplish much, even if he desired to kick. Now they re in condition to make known their wants. They do not propose to dictate to other professions, but they will maiatain their rights. The Alliance has much work yet to do. In fact they have begun at the wrong end of the job; or rather they have neglected the foundation stones and mudsills, while they har'e been building at the top. it would be well for them to review their work some what and take a ground start. This must be done In the Sub-Alliances. Iere are a few of the material wants of the farmers : The cash system; bet ter methods of farming; improved stock and implements; the better ap plication of manures; better buildings; diversified crops; raising supplies at home as far as possible, and getttng the best terms in buying and selling. Here are subjects enough to engage the attention of the Alliance lecturers all winter. The fact is any Sub-Alliance in the county might profitably discuss the nlecessary improvements in build ings for several meetings. The dwell ~ing house with all its surroundings, the statcles. barns. cotton houses, work shops and all would colme in for sug-1 gestions. Mlore imfportant than material imi provement :s the ed ucation of the far mers famaily. h~erein the Alliance should do its hest work. The field is a broad one, inicluding not only the work done in schools, but the information that has to be gained all through life. It is generally believed that farnmers are the easiest people fooled in tile world. Hence fruit tree venders, light ning rod mlen, travelling strangers, geerally, can cheat them out of their eyes. 'The farmers need a little busi ness training andl one of the most ap-. propriate subjects for a lecture or t wo would be "contracts with strangers." fhen the farmer and his family can learn much from the reading of books and papers. General informuation on a variety of suibjects is what the sons and: daughters of farmers need. They will (10 the reading if parents will furnish the books. Along with this general subject of education conmes house dec oration. flower gardens, proper styles of dress, good manners at home and abroad, and a high regard for the' rights of others. Ilcre is w ork enough for the Sub-Alliance this winter. Who will be the first lecturer to start out on this line, or a b'etter one y We would xke to have the reports of such for the Spartan.-Carolina Spartan. iedi at the Gambilng Table. FouT W\AYNE, Ind., Sept. 30.-The game at .lhn llarmon's rooms came to a sudden stop yesterday. The dealer's face paled and the man in the lookout nearly fell off his high chair. A corpse sat with them at the table. A dead han'd was outstretched over the green cloth. Kip Carmen, a well-known citi zen and a former foremnan of the Pitts ury, Fort WXayne and Chicago Rail way shops, had entered the room a moment before and had seated himself at the table when heart disease, caulsed by the exertion of climbing the long stairs, suddenly ended his life, lie had been in poor health. THE NEXT HOUSE. Some Conjectures as to its Political Com plexion. WASIUNGToN, Oct. 1.-What aboui the political complexion of the nex1 House? This is the question all Democrats are asking now, but one which few of thein can answer. Up to a few weeks agc every Democrat felt certain that the Democrats-would win the next House by at least twenty-five majority. How ever when Chairman Flower of the Democratic Congressional Committee stated yesterday that not one single dollar except the 810,000 which he sub scribed out of his own pocket has been subscribed to the Democratie fund, and that the result of the election was very doubtful, there was some consternation in the Democratic ranks. The Demo cratic members would not stand an assessment, and with the exception of Mr. Flower, not one has subscribed a dollar to the fund. Nor have any out siders subscribed a dollar. Indeed the Democratic committee has never had adything but Mr. Flower's .10,000, and there seem to be no prospects of get ting any more. On the other hand, the Republican manufacturers have come up manfully and the Republican Congressional com mittee has a well-filled barrel of mo.aey at their headquarters awaiting to be spent in the close districts, where it will be used on the blocks-of-live system. Somehow the Democrats of the coun try seem to have lost all the interest in politics, while the Republicans are leav ing no stones.un'urned in their efforts to carry the next House. As a matter of fact the Democrats should carry the next House by thirty majority, but if no efforts are made ;he party cannot hope for success. Already their are certain Democrats who are kicking about Mr. Flower's manage ment of the campaign, but they are do ing nothing but kicking and are chronic kickers. Mr. Flower has gone down into his own pocket deep, while the kickers and other Democrats not only refuse to subscribe, but refuse to at tempt to raise any money. Mr. Flower is working as best he can without money, and is hopeful, but if the other Democrats persistently refuse to sub scribe or even work for the party, then there can be no success. While the couatry !Q undoubtedly Democratic, if the Democratic party refuses to even send out campaign documents or spend a dollar of money, then the Republicans will again control the next House, and we shall hav- two more years of Tom Reed's rule. However, Chairman Flower will at tempt to raise some money on the out side of Congress, and with thatexpects to carry the Democratic party to victory. It would never do for the Democrats to lose the next Hlouse. The Force Bill Will Be Passed, WASHINGTON. October 1.-In the course of an interview on the work of the session with a Star reporter to-day Senator Edmunds was asked if the Re publicans would pass the Federal elec tion bill next session. "Will we pass the Federal election bill next session ?" repeated the Vermont Senator. "Yes, it should have been, and could have been, passed this session. More than that, it would have beea had there not been an agreement (to which I was not a party) between some of my Republican brethren and the Democratic Senators. It may be that the rules of the Senate will need to be amended before the bill can pass, but I am of opuion that we ave rules enough. Parliamentary prac ice long approved provides that when here is an evident intention on the part f the mmnor-ity to wilfully obstruct legis ation. it Is perfectly legitimate and only ight that thle majority assert its power and come to a conclusion. That is my elief. There are those of my own par y who disagree with me, and it may be hat new rules will be broughlt forth to meet and defeat the captious minority pposition. I am willing suchl rule be dopted, it it is absolutely necessary. Rule or no rule, the Federal election bill ill become law before the adjournment f the 51st Congress." The Farmers Capture Georgia. ATLANTA, Oct. 1.-The election held n Georgia to day was for Governor, State officers and members of the As sembly, and two amendments to the State Constitution. W. J. Northen was lected Governor without opposition. Also R. A. Hlardeman, Treasurer; W. A. Wright, Comptroller General; R. T. esbitt, Commissioner of Agriculture mnd Phil Cook, Secretary of State. All f these arc nominees of the State Dcnmo ratic Convention. One of the amendments to the Con stitution voted on authorizes the Legis ature to pension indigent widows of the onfederate veterans, disabled or killed n .1e service, provided such widows ave remained unmarried. Tile other amendment changes the ethod of readIng bills in the Legislature y requirIng that the second reading shall be by caption only. As it now stands all bills are required to be read in full three times in both houses. The State Legislature will be over wheniingly of the Farmer's Alliance, joint vote in bothl houses being more han two-thir-ds alliance. Tile Legisla tre will elect a United State Senator to succeed Joseph E. Brown. Brayton Protests. COLUMBIA, S. C., Sept. 27.-Ex-Col ector and ex-State Chairman Ellery M1. Brayton, one of two Republican andidates for Congress ini the Seventh istrict, has prepared a statement of his case for thle National Republican Con zressional committec andl has tonight furnished a copy of the same to the press. ie claims his nomination to be legal and binding on the party and recites at length the facts concerning the con ressional convention wvhich met at Lmn colvill Aug. 12. adjourning twice on account of disorder and linially resulting in the nomination of T. E. Miller. colo, red,. by one factiou and Brayton by the other. ______ Murdered for "Telling Papa." WH~EELING, W. Va., Sept. 30-Rich woods, Nicholas County, was the scene to-day of a sad tragedly, in whichl Geo. Hinkle. aged 7 years, a son of Allie Ijinkie, a farmer, shot and killed his five-year-old sister. The boy, who seems to have been the p)ossessor of a vicous disposition, had climbed up and taken his faithier's gun from the rack on te wall, when his sister said to him: "PI'l tell papa on you." This infuriatedl the boy, whlo levelled the gun at his sis~ ter andlfired, the bullet striking thle girl in the forehead and killing her instantly. He had previously threatened to shoot his sister for telling on him. Killed Before is~ Wife. BInM1NonAM, A LA., Sept. 27.-W. W Lampkin, engineer at the Morris build ing, and John Mabin.a carpenter, enlga ged in a dispute en an East Lake dum my line train to-night. The train was crowded with people and Mabin's wifc and child were with him. The quarrel resulted in Lampkin drawing a knife jnd killingw Mabin then and there. A GIANT MASTODON. The Skeleton of an Enormous Animal Found In Canada. OTTAWA, Oct. 2.-The skeleton of a great mastodon found in Higate, forty miles west of St. Thomas, is on exhibi tion at that town. The area of the grave where the monster's bones were found Is 35x21 feet. The bones were scattered over it, one joint fitting into the other in a bed of gray marl about six feet be low the surface. Over the marl is a thick layer of black, loamy soil, resem bling in composition and quality the lands that skirt a moss peat. The following are some of the bone measurements: Hind leas, from the thigh to the knee joint, 47 inches; cir cumference, 35 inches; two foreleg bones -the humerus-from the shoulder blade to the knees jeint, 3 feet 4 inches in lenath and 3 feet 4 inches in circumfer ence. The atlas joint. upon which the head is set, has a breadth of 18 inches. The shoulder blade measures 3 feet 2 inches by 2 feet 1 ihch in the widest part. The longest rib-and nearly all the ribs hi been found-is 51 inches long and has a circumfernce of 10 inches. The lower jaw. the inferior maxilliary bone, which is in a splendid state of preserva tion, measures 6 feet round from the one condyle process to the other, and the width of the jaw is 2. inches. One of the tasal bones. which is toler ably well preserved, is 2 feet 1 inches long, and the olfactory channel is 11 in ches by 3. The joints of the vertebroe are like the hoofs of a draughtlhorse, and the channel of the spinal column would form a bed for a three-inch water pipe. The length of the animal, gauged by the measurement of the bones already found, and allowing for those that have not yet been discovered, is, from the point of the nostril to the root of the tail, about 22 feet. This is greater than that of the celebrated mastodon giganticus discov cred near Newburg. N. Y., in ths Sum mer of 1845. and the skeleton as a whole is larger and more complete than any that has been found in Kentucky, Ohio, Missouri, California or Oregon, where the remains have been in greater abun dance.-New York Star. FOOLS ARE PLENTY YET. Merchants Held as Witnesses Against a Green Goods Man. TRENTON, Sept. 24,-John H. Bush, a no torious green goods man and an alleged member of the Palmer anag of New York, who has had his headquar ters in this city for the past six months, was arrested by Detective Pilger early this morning while in the act of plucking $600 from two willing victims. Detec tives Pilger and Lealiy have been shadow ing and working with Bush for several months past, and it is believed they have sufficient evidence to send him to prison for a long term. Bush was held by Justice Matheson to await the action of the United States authorities on charges of fraudulently using the United States mails and with intent to defraud the United States government. He may also have to answer charges preferred by his Victimes. The victims of to-day are typlceal Suotherners and came here from Marion County, S, C., with $600 to purchase $10,000 worth of the alleged counterfeit money. When arraigned they gave their names as John D. Bethea and William B. Atkinson. They were held as wit nesses. They are merchants, and when they received the circular from Bush stating that he was making $2, $5 and $10 bills from plates that had been stolen from the Treasury Department at Washiugton some tima ago, and that they could not be detected even by gov ernment experts, they were eager to see one of the bills. The green goods men sent them a $2 bill with instructions to take it to their local bank. "It is such a aood counterfeit that even the banks wvill accept it," they wrote. The victims obeyed the instructions and, of course, as the $2 was genuine it was changed by the bank cashier without a ques tion. Both victims say they were wealthy before the war and that they do not think it wrsong for them to buy counter feit noney as the government ruined them. The National Issue. In the course of a speech at Atchinson, Kan., the H~on Charles Robinson, the Democra~ic candidate for Governor, said: "The principal national issue or the campaign ought to be,and doubtless will be, the tariff. There are other reforms to be considered in the interest of the people, and I shall take them up earnest ly and in their place, but the question of the tariff must remain the great issue. The oppressive taxation system now in effect is a burden on the pe ,ple, and it must be removed. It is unjust, and help is called for. A measure about to become a law makes this burden even greater in the WVest, and as a Western man and one interested in my fellows in the West, I think the importance of the tariff ques tion paramount." There is no question that in saying this Governor Robinson voiced the sentiment of the people of his State, and, ideed, of the entire West. Phosphate Magnates. ('HARLESTON,~Oct. 2.-Quite a flutter was caused in tile phosphate market here to-day by the mysterious visit of a party of foreign capitalists. The par ty consisted of C. Iloyer Miller and E. Packard of London, K. Weengard of Iamburg, W. S. Cooper of London, James Gurdyrn of Aberdeen, with 0. Meyer of Nova Scotia and E. A. Corde ray of Florida. They got here early in the morning, went up to the Charleston Mining Company's works in the suburbs, took a run over the phosphate fields and left for Beau fort at 3 p. mn., leaving instructions for their mail to be forwarded to Tampa, Fla. Miller and Cooper are members of the well known Canadian phosphate firm of Cooper, Miller & Co. of London and Montreal. The general impression here is that the rumors that have been circulated for some weeks of thme intention of an English syndicate to buy up all the phosphate territory and mills in this State and Florida are true, and that the present party are prospectors. The phosphate men here are reticent on the subject and say they don't know any thing about it.-CoambiaRegister. No secrecy About This Wedding. GosHIEN, Ind.. Sept. 28.-The big gest w edding ever held in northern Indiana came off Thursday at 2 o'clock, and was witnessed by overl10,000 peo plc. IHiram M. Milsenberger, a pros perous young farmer ot this county, wed ded Miss Nora M. Coulter, the ceremony taking place on time race track in front of the grand stand at the Elkhart county fi.Tehappy couple were the re ipicnts of presents valued at over $400, donated for the Occasion by Goshen merchants. ADJOURNMENT AT LAST. End of the First session of the Fifty-Farm Congress. WASHINGTON, October 1.-The firs session of the 51st Congress is ended an< the infamous McKinley bill is now., law. It was signed to-day by the Speak er of the -louse. The Vice Presiden and the President within a singli hour. The closing scenes at the Capitol were about the same as usual, the only sen sational feature being the dismissal of the Republican post master of the House for malfeasance in office. It was a bit ter pill for the Wisconsin Republicans to see their friend Wheat turned out o office in disgrace for dishonesty. The committee appointed to investigate the charges against him was unanimous it recommending his immediate removal and. the House promptly endorsed the committee's findings. It was a rather mortifying rounding up of "the great history-making" session of which the Republicans boast so loudly. In spite of the Wheat episode good feeling prevailed in both houses through out the day, and at 6 o'clock this even ing, when the session ended, there were no traces of the recent parliamentary battle visible. Democrats and Repub licans mingled pleasantly and exchang ed the usual farewell greetings, having apparently forgotton for the moment the conflict over the force bill and the contested election cases. President Harrison revived the prac tice discarded by President Cleveland of spending the last day of the session at the Capitol with his Cabinet, and re mained in the President's room adjoin ing the Senate chamber until adjourn ment. Neither house transacted much new business, the time being consumed in gathering up the threads of the session and disposing of the formal resolutions necessary to the closing of Congress. "Private" John Allen, of Mississippi, took advantage of the crowded galleries and lack of official business to deliver one of his inimitable speeches, in which he burlesqued the Republican party and pointed out in a highly humorous style. He could not resist the temptation to call attention to some of the unbroken pledges of the majority. In passing he alluded to the recent attack upon Sena tor Quay by Congressman Kennedy, of Ohio, and created considerable amuse ment by taunting the Republicans with failing to deny the damaging charges made against their leader from Pennsyl vania. In spite of his fun and good humor he told some very plain truths, which were not relished by the Repub licans. . sIGNING THE TAIFF BILL. As President Harrison squared him self to affix his signature to the tariff bill Secretary Blame and Senator Al drich, who had been conversing on the sofa arose and stood against the table. Mr. M-cKinley was directly opposite the President and the rest of the gentlemen were grouped about the table. "Does your hand tremble?" inquired Secretary Blaine. "Not a bit," was the response of the President; "I shall be able to put a good signature." Looking up to McKinley the Presi dent asked, "Do you want the pen when I have finished?" The response of the author of the bill could not be distinguished. In a firm hand the President then wrote: "Ap proved October 1. 189r. Benjamin Harrison," saying as he "id so, "I will use plenty of ink.' When he had finish ed Private-Secretary Halford was about to dry the signature with a blotting pad, as had been done with the rest, but Mr. Blane stoppe hmwith the remark, "Let it dry, and the private secretary laid the bill aside without blotting. Having seen the Executive~ approval given to the bill Mr. McKinley moved toward the door followed by the others, while Representative Mason addressed the President: "Mr. President, I have Major McKinley's permission to ask you for the pen you have just used for one of my little folks." With a smile the pen-an ordinary steel Falcon in a plain edar holder-was handed to the Chica go Representative, and at 3,22 the scene at the signature of the tariff bill ended. -News and Courier. PLAIN TRUTHS PLAINLY SPOKEN. The Severe Speech of Charles J. Bona parte, of Baltimore. BosToN, October 2.-At a meeting of the National Civil Service Reform Lea gue to-day George William Curtis was elected president for the ensuing year. The treauserer's report showed a bal ance of 82,000 in the treasury. A paper by E. M. Shepard, of Brooklyn, on "Ex amination in character essential to com plete competition," was read. Charles J. Bonaparte, of Baltimore, president of the Maryland Leagpie, read a paper on the "Relation of civil service reform to other reform." He declared civil service reform to be necessary be fore other reforms could begin. He said: "To expect to get solutions of the tar iff, currency and pension problems from such men as make up the bulk of either house of Congress, or to deal wisely with the labor and lipuor questions through such men as make up our Legislatures and councils, is as irrational as to ex pect figs from thistles. A veritable Ser bonian bog of intrigue and gr~ple with these questions have any bu~ the high. est standard of honor. The standard of these politicians has been defended by one of their own number-a Senatoi who has declared the purification of politics to be an iridescent chimera and that the Golden Rule had no place in a political campaign. The same doctrirn is echoed by every unfaithful trustee dishonest trader, habitual swindler and thief. The profession of politics is un derstood by spoilsmen as essentially ar immoral profession like that of gamblei or confidence man. The politician may as well, so far as his self-respect or pub lic utility is affected, be owned by a riel man, rich corporation, Farmers' .Alli ance, Knights of Labor or Grand ArmI of the Republic. Hie is a bale of th< same goods, whatever be his trade mark To rid our country of these dangeroui and noxious counterfeit of statesmer and make room for the genuine article which we produced in good measur< one hundred years ago, we have only t< do away witli the incidents of pubh life which have arisen and made it n( it career for honorable men. When we have practically applied the prtnciple of civil service reform through our F ed ral States and municipal governmen we may hope for other reforms s< much desired." Miler's Bid for the Negro Vote. IW~sHIiNGTON, Sept. 29--Representa tive Miller of South Carolina to-day i troduced a bill appropriating S1,000,00 for the erection of a suitable home where disabled ex-slaves may be caret for. Hie also introduced a bill makini an appropriation of $250,000 for the erec tion of a monumont in some city, to b selected by a committee appointed fo that purpose, to commemicrate the valo and patriotism of the negro soldiers whi fough in the LDion army during th lte war A HUSBAND'S CRIME. t HE MURDERS HIS WIFE AND KILLS HIMSELF. A Helpless Woman Cruelly Shot-Her Little Crippled Son a Witness to the Frightful Deed-The Husband Rushes to the iver and Drowns Himself. LOUISVILLE, Sept. 25.-The Courier Journal describes as follows the double crime of Frederick Gehm, who murder ed his wife and drowned himself: One of the most blood-curdling mur ders and suicides that ever occurred in this city was committed yesterday after noon between 5 and 6 o'clock, on' Tenth street, between Main and the river, in which Frederick Gehm, a young Ger man baker. shot and killed his wife and then took his own life by casting him self into the Ohio river. About 5:30 o'clock Gehm went down Main street to' the Enterprise tobacco warehouse and, entering the front door passed to the rear of the house. Several men were working in the building, but he paid no attention to any one, though he was slightly acqiaint-d with them. At the rear of the place is a pair of steps leading up to the third story of a tenement house facing on tenth street. At the foot of the stairs his little step son, Adolph, was playing. Without giving the child any notice, Gehm as cended the steps slowly until he reached the second floor, when he was seen by a colored man to put back his hand as if to - draw a pistol. Then with two or three bounds he reached the top floor, when a heavy sound. asof the falling of a large body, was distinctly heard by those below. This was instantly follow ed by the firing of a pistol three times. A half dozen solored men down stairs heard the shots, and thinking that some one had been hurt, rushed up the steps, but not in time to prevent Gehm from dashing down and out the front door. They at once gave pursuit, but the des perate man ran so rapidly that before they had reached the street he was al most to the Daisy trestle works on the bank of the river. As he passed under the bridge he was seen to raise the smoking weapon, which he still grasped firmly in his hand, and fire, apparently at his own head. The shot did not take effect. In another moment he had reached the canal. He looked wildly about him for a moment and then sprang head first into the water- Dur ing the excitement of the pursuit the shots that had been fired on the third floor were forgotton, but after the man had jumped into the river the men re turned to make an investigation. Several members of the tobacco Tirm in the rear of whose building the murder was committed, startedup the steirs fol lowed by a number of others. The sight that met their eyes froze theii blood with horror. Lying in the little kitchen just at the head of the steps was the body of Theresr Feige, Gehm's wife ly ing on her back in a pool of blood. - By her side was a water bucket which had dropped from her stiffening fingers, and from her white forehead blood was still oozing. When his pursuers reached the bank the man had gone under for the last time. The life savers were at once noti fied, and Captain Devan sent three men to the scene in a skiff. The search had hardly been in progress fifteen minutes before Ghem's body was caught in the grappling hooks and drawn to the sura face. The corps was lifted into the boat and taken to the bank, but it was decided to remove it 'to the'life saving station, at the foot of Third 'street, to - await the arrival of the Coroner, As the body was lifted out the water a two dollars bill fell from his pocket into the river. Crouched in one corner of the room between some old pots and kettles, was the little six-year-old crippled son of the woman, who lay stiffeming in her own blood. He seemed stupefied, and stared in a dazed way at the lifeless form of his murdered mother. Some of the men tried to attract his attention, but he seemed not to notice their presence. After allowing hin to sit in this position for a moment, some one approached him and caught his hand. Still gazing on his mother he uttered the first word he had yet spoken, and slowly said: "Papa has killed mamma." Tears sprung to the eyes of many and they left the room with a picture upon their memories that will always be re membered. The little fellow was turned over to the police, who took him to the Cen tral station, where he remained until a man who lived near the family on High street came and took him to his home. He is an unusually bright child, and he seemed to fully understand the situa tion. The couple had not lived happily. Gehmn had treated his -wife badly, and she had filed a suit for divorce, which was the immediate cause of the rash deed of the husband. Lawyer Tarred andl Feathered. I3AKESFIID, CAL., Oct. 2.-Early yes terday morning ten masked and armed men appeared at the door of the Court House and demanded the keysof the jailer. They said they wanted James Hlerrington, to whom they proposed to . give a lesson. They seized the jailer,. took his keys and put him under guard and then captured the sheriff also. Next they opened the jail and took Herrington from his cell. He resisted desperately and the men gagged him, put him in a wagon and conveyed him to a lonely place four or five blocks away, stripped him and applied a coat of tar and feathers. Hlerrmngton was then set at liberty and he disappeared. Herrington has been known in this neighborhood nearly three years as a pettifogging lawyer, whose principal business was the promotion of land contests, thereby obtaining money from the trouble he caused among the set tlers. lHe was in jail on a charge of perjury preferred against him by a set tier whom he engaged in a contest. He had been arrested the preceeding day andl was lodged in a cell only a few minutes before the arrival of Vigi lantes. Twenty Dead Bodies. WALtA WVALLA, WASr., Sept. 27. Through a aentlcman from Pendleton, news was r~ceived this morning of a railroad disaster at Wauconza, eight miles east of Shoshone. on the Oregon Short line, at 8 o'clock Friday morning. The station is the passing point for the Union Pacific fast mail trains. The eastbound train p)ulled into the station on time and side-tracked. A minute later the westbound train ran in. The Iswitch to thc main track was closed, and it ran ahead into the eastbound train and wrecking both engines. The infor Imant says the passenger cars were all smasheti. When he left twenty dead bodies had been taken out and it was thought that there were more in the Iwreelk. Fridav's trains were all aban doned. Passengers from all points- this side were delayed, as there was DO traim run out from Huntington that day.