Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. VI. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 8 1890. NO. 24. TIE' GOLDEN RULE. THE CONFLICT BETWEEN LABOR AND CAPITAL Dr. Tal1age Characterizea the War t the Greatv-? the Worid as Ever "ece-A Rule 'That WV I Smooth Miany of the w% rinkics tht ot :ile. n unday morniug Dr. Talmage preachol-en "The Old Fight to be set tied," from the text: "Whatsover ye would that men should do you, do ve even so them." (Matt. vii.. 12.). FolltownUg is the sermon: Two hundred and fifty thousand lLborers in Hyde Park, London. and ie streets of America and European edies filled with processions of work men carrying banners, brings the ;iubject of labor and capital to the Iront. That all this was done in peace, and that as a result, in many places, arbitration has taken place, is a hopeful sign. The greatest war the world has ever seenis between capital and labor, The '.trife is not like that which in bik;ory is called the Thirty Years' r ar, for it Is a war of centunes, it is a wa-r of the tivo continents, it is a w.iar hemispherie, The middle classes in this country. upon v'hom the na tion has depended for holding tho balan (, power and for acting as mediators between the two extremes, are diminishing; and if things go on at the same ratio as they have for the i last twenty years been going on, iti will not be very long before there I will be no middle class in this country, but all will be very rich or very roor, princes or paupers, and the country will be ;given up to palaces and hovels. Tho antzgonistic forces have again and again closed in upon each other. YOU ma pooh-hooh it: you may say that this trouble. like an angry child, will cry itself to sleep; you may belit tle it by calling it Fourierism, or So cialisti, or St. Simonism. or Nihilism. orComiunismn, but that will not lun der the fact that it is the mightiest, tho darkest, the most terrific threat of this century. Most of the at- I itempts at paciication have been dead failures, and monopoly is more arro gant. and the trades unions more bitter. -Give us more wags, cry the employees. "You shall have loss," say the capitalists. "Compel us to fewer hours of toil in a day.", "You shall toil more hours," say the others. Then, under certain conditions. we will not work at all," saythese, "Then you shall starve," say those, and the workmen gradually using up that I which they had accumulated in better times, unless there be some radical change, we shall have soon in this euntry 3,000,000 hungry men and women. ,Now, 3,000.000 hungry peo ple can not be kept quiet. All the enactmentsof Legisltures and all the constabularies of the cities, and all the ai-my and navy in the United States cannot keep 3,000,000 Iugry pepe quiet. What then? Will this war between capital and labor be set tied by human wisdom! Never. The brow of the oae becomes more rigid, the fist of the other more clinched. I shall fir-st show you this morning how this controversy betweenmnonop ly and hard work cannot be stopped, and then I will show you bow this controversy will be settled. Futile remedies. In the first place there will come nopacification to this trouble through an outcry agamst rich men merely because they are rich. There is no laboring man on earth that would not be rich if he could be. Sometimes through a for tuate invention, or through some ac cident of prosperity, a man who had nothing comes to large estate, and we see him arrogant and supercilious, and taing people by the throat just as othor~ people took him by the throat. There is something very mean about hnman nature when it comes to the top. But it is no more a sin to be rich than it is asin to be poor. There are those who have gathered a greatestate through fraud, and then there are milionaires who have gathered their fortune through foresight in regard to changes in the markets, through brilliant business faculty, and every dollzar of their es tate is as honest as the dollar which the plumber gets for mending a pipe or the mason gets for building .a wall. There areo those who keep in pverty because of their own fault. ey might have been well off, but they smoked or chewedup their earn ings, or they lived beyond their means, while others on the same wages and on the same salaries went on to competency. I know a man who is all the time complaining of his pov erty and crying out againsut rich men. while he himself keeps two dogs, and chews and smokes, and is filled to the chin with whiskey and beer! Micawber said to David Copper-. perfield-"Copperfield, my boy, one pound income, twenty shillings and sixpence expenses; result, misery. But. Copperfield, my boy, one pound income, expenses nineteen shillings nd sixpence; result, happineas. And there are vast multitudes of people who are kept poor because they are the victims of their own in providence. It is no sin to be rich, and it no sin to be poor. I protest against this outcry which I hear ag.nst those who, through economy and self-denial and assiduity, have come to large fortune. This bom bardment of commercial success wil never stop this controversy between capital and labor. Neither will the contest be settled by cynical and unsympathetic treat mient of the laboring classes. There are those who speak of them as though they were cattle or draught horses. Their nerves are nothmng, their domestic comfort is nothing, their happiness is nothing. They have no more sympathy for them than a hound has for a hare, or a hawk for a hen, or a tiger for a calf. When Jean Veljean, the greatest hero of Victor Hugo's writings, after a liue ol sufering anid brave endurance, goes into incarcraLtion and death, they clap the book shut and say: "'Good for him:" They stamp their feet with indignation anid say just the opposite of Save the working classes." They have all their symnpathies with Shy. lock, and not Antonio and Portia. They are plutocrats and their felng are infernal. They are filled with 1r. -.ritation and irascibility on this sub et. rro stnn this awful imnbroglic Metween eaflit:l anud lbor they will lift not so much as the tip end of the little finger. Neither will there be any pacifica tion of this angry controversy through violence. God never blessed murder. Blow up tomorrow the country seats on the banks of he Hudson, and all the fh:e houses on Madison square and Brooklyn heights and Brooklyn hill and Ritienhouse square and Beacon street. and all the bricks and timber and stone will just f:dl back on th e bare head o, American labor. The worst enemies of the working elasses in the United states and Ireland are their demented co-adju tors. -A. few years ago sssination -the assassination of Lord Frederiek Cavendish and Mr. Burke in Phenix park, Dublin. Ireland. in the attempt to avenge tie wrongs of Ireland only turned away from that afilicted people millions of sy1pathizers. The attempt to blow up thehouse of com mous, in London, had only this effeet: to throw out of employment tells of thousands of innocent Irish people in England. In this country the torch put to the fctories that have discharged hands for good or bad reason: obstructions on the rail-track in front of midnight express trains because the offenders do not like the president of the com ptny; strikes on shipboard the hour they were going to .ail; orin printing offices the hour the paper was to go to press. or in mines the day the coal was to be delivered, or on house scaffoldings so the builder fails in keeping his contrat-all these are only a hard blow on the head of Amer-iceZl labor, and cripple its arms. and lame its eet,. and pierce its heart. As a result of one of our great Akmerican strikes you tind that the operatives lost 400,.000 worth of ges, and have had poorer wages ever since. Traps sprung suddenly upon employers, and violence. never took one knot out of the knuckles of toil, or puj ono farthing of wages into a Callous naim. Barharism will never cure the wrongs of civilization. Iark that: If this controversy between Capital and Labor cannot be settled by human wisdom, it is time for us to look somewhere else for relief, and it points from my text roseate and jubi lant, and puts one hand on the broad el,>th shoulder of Capital, and puts the other hand of the homespun covered shoulder of Toil, and says. with a voice that will grandly and gloriously setile this, and settle every thing,. "Whatsoever ye would that men hould do to yon. do yo even so to them" The owner of an iron mill, having taken a dose of my text before leav ing home in the morning, will go intQ his foundry, and. passing into what is called the puddling room, he will see a man there strippcd to the waist, and besweated and exhausted with the labor and the toil, and he ill say to hin: "Why, it seems to be very hot in here. You look very much exhausted. I hear your child is sick with scarlet fever. If you want your wages a little earlier this week so as to pay the nurse and get the medicine just come into my office any time." After awhile, crash goes the money market, and there is no more demand for the articles manufactured in that iron mill, and the owner; does not know what to do. He says. "Shall I stop the nmQ or shall I run it on bal-time, or'shall I cut Clown the en's wagesb?" He walk~s the floor of his counting-room" all day, hardly knowing what to do. Towards ever. ing he calls all the laborers together. They stand all around, some with arms akimbo, some with folded arms, wondering what the boss is going to do now.- The manufacturer says: "Men, business is bad; I don't make $20 where I used to make one hun re. Somehow there is no demand now for what we manufacture, or but. verylittle demaud. You see, I am at vast expense, and I have called you together this afternoon to see what you would advise. Idon'tyrant to shut up the, mill becaus'e that wou~ld force you out of work and you have always been very faithful. and I like you, and you seem to like me, and the barns must be looked after, and your wife will after awhile want a new dress. I don't know what to do." There is a dead halt for a minute or two, and then one of the workmen steps out from the ranks of his fel lows, and says: "Boss, you have been very good to us, and when you pros pered we prospered, and now you arein a tight place, and I am sorry, anI we have got to sympathize' with you. I don't know how the others feel, but I propose that we take off 20 per cent. from our wages, and that when the times get good yon will re member us and raise them again.' The workman looks around to his comrades, and says: "Boys, what do you say to this? All in favor of my proposition will say ay.' "Ay: ay! ay!" shout two hundred voces. But the mill-owner,getting in some new machinery, exposes himself very much, and takes cold, and it settles into pneumonia, and he dies. In the proession to the tomb are all the workmen, tears r'oling down their cheeks, and off upon the ground, but an hour before the procession gets to the cemetery the wives and the chil dren of those workmen are at the grave waiting for the arrival of the funeral pageant. The minister of religion may have delivered an elo quent eulogium before they .started from the house, but the most impres sive things are sai l that day by the working-classes standing around the tomb. That night in all t cabins of the working people '-ders. 'hev have fami l prayer, the widow 'cxd and the orphanage in the mans >nare remuen bered. No glaring 10pa~,lation look over the iron fence of the cemetery; but, hovering over the' scene, the Ibenediction of God and .nan is cons ing for the fulfillment of the Christ like injunction.,"Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.' "Oh." says somie mn here. -that is all Utopian~that is ap)ocryphlal~that is impossible." No. I eut o.ut of a pa* per this: "One of the pleasantest incidents recorded in a long time i reported from Sheffield, England. The - age o th mn in the n-on works at Shelfield are regilated by a board of arbitration, by whose decis ions both masters and men are bound. For some time past the iron and steel trade has been extremely un profitable. and the employers cannot. without much loss. pay the wages fixed by the board, which neither employers nor employed have the power to chango. To avoid this difi culty. the workmen in ono of the larg est steel work:; in Sheffield hit upon a device as rare as i was generous. They offered to work for ir m lioyers one week without any ;V1y whatever. How much better that plau is than a strike would be." Pat You go with ine and I will show you--not so far off as Sheffield, En gland - factories, baking -houses, store-houses ald costly enterprises where this Christ-like injunction of my text is fully k ept, and you could no inore get the employer to practice an injustice upon his mcin, or the men to conspire against the employer, than you could get your right hand and your left hand, your right eye xti your left eye, your right ear andi your left ear, into physiologival an tagonism, Now, where is this to be gin? In our homes. in our .11S on our farms-not waiting for other peo ple to do their duty. Is there a di vergence now between the parlor and the kitchen? Then there is something wrong, either in the parlor or in the kit'hen, perhaps in ~both. Are the clerks in your stores irate against the firm? Then there is something wrong, either behind the counter, or in the pri-vat. office or perhaps both. The great want of of the world to day is the fulfillment of this Christ like injunction, that which Ho pro mulgated in His sermon Olivetic. --h,"' says some wiseacre, "talk as you will. the law of demand and sap ply will regulate these things until the end of time." No, it will not un less God dies and the batteries of the judgment day are spiked, and Pluto and Proserpine. king and queen of the infernal regons, take full posses sion of this wo;:ld. Do you know who Supply and Demand are? They have gone into partnership, and they ropo;e to swindle this earth, and i are swindling it. Tou aro drowning. Supply and Demand stand on the shore, one on one side, and the other on the other side of the hfe-boat, and they cry out to you, "Now you pany us what we ask you for getting you to thqo shore, or go to the botton." If you can borrow $5,000 you can keep from failing in business. Sim ply and Demand say. "Now, you pay us exorbitant usury, or you go into bankruptcy:" This robber firm of Supply and Demand say to you: "The crops are short. We bought t7 all the wheat. and it is in our bin. Now, you pay our price or starve' That is your maznicent law of sup plv and'demand. Supply and Demand own the larg est mill on earth, and all the rivers roll over their wheel, and into their hopper they put all the men, women and children they can shovel -ut of the centuriesand the blood and the bones redden the valley while the mill grinds. That diabolical law of supply and iemand will yet have to stand aside, and instead thereof will come the lawv of love, the law of co operation, the law of kindness, the law of sympathy. and the law of Christ. I was reading some time ago, in regard to charge that had been made in England against Lambeth Palace, that it was exclusive; and that charge demonstrated the sublime fact that to the grounds of that wealthy estate 20 p)oor families had free passes, and forty croquet companises, and on the half-day holidays 4,000 poor peo ple recline on the grass, walk through the paths, and sit under the trees. That is Gospel-gospel on the wing, gospel out of doors worth just as much as in doors. That time is oing to come. 'That is only ahint of what is going to be. The time is going to come when, if you have anything in your house worth looking at-pictures, pieces of sculpture-you are going to invite me to come and see it; you are going to invite my friends to come and see it, and you will say. "See what I have been blessed with: God has given me this, and, so far as enjoying it. it is yours also." That is gos pel. And now I have two words, one to capitalists and the other to laboring men. To capitalists. Be your own ex ecutors. Make investments for eter nity. Do not be like some capitalists I know who walk around among their employees with a supercilious air, or drive up to the factory in a manner which seems to indicate they are the autocrats of the universe with the sun and the moon in their vest pockets, chiefly anxiouswhen they go among their laboring men not to be touched by the greasy or smirched hand and have their broadcloth in jure-d. Be a Christian employer. Remember, those who are under your charge arc bone of your bone and flesh of your flesh, that Jesus Christ died for them and that they are immortal. Divide up your es tates or portions with them, for the relief of the workld, before you leave it. Do not go out of the world like that man who died eight or ten years ago, leaving in his will 820,000,000, yet giving how much for the Church of God? How much for the~ allevia tion of human suffering? He gave some money a little while before he died. That was well; but in all this will of 582.0,,00, how much? One million? No. 'Five hundred thou sandt No. One hundred dollars? No. Two cents? No. One cent? No. These cities groaniingin anguish, nations crying out for the bread of everlasting life. A man in a will giv ing twenty millions of dollars and not one ccent to God: It is a disgrace to our civilization. To laboring men: I congratulate you on your prospects. I congr-atu late you on the fact that you are get ing your representatives at Albany, at Harrisburg, and at Wasliington. This will go on until you will have representatives at all the headq~uar t rs, and you will have full justice. Mark that. I congratulate you also on the opportunities for your chil dren. Your children are going to have vast opportunities. I congrat ulate you that you have to work and hat whe~n o r nead your chil dren will have to work. I congratu late you also on your opportunities of iuormation. Plato paid $1,:300 for two books. Jeromie ruined himself financially. by buying one volume of Origen. What vast oportuities for intelligence for yon and your cL dreu! A workinan oes0 along by the show window of some great pub I lishing house and he sCes a booI that costi , He say, "I wsh I cou'l have that iformation; wish I cu 'ld raise 45 for that (Stly and bealtiful book." - few O ths pass on and he gets ihe valne of that book for ni pampbh-t. There v.as nev er suci a day for the workiugvaen of America as the day that is coa Bat ho greatest friend of capital isis and toilers, anid the one wio will Yet bring them together in complete ac(Ord, wasi born on Christmas night while the eurtains of heaven swung, stirred by the wings angelic. O'wnier of ail things-all the continents, all worlds, and all the islands of light. Capitalisis of immensity, crossing over to our condition. Coming into our world, not by gate of palace. but by door of banl. Spending His first night amid the shepherds. Gather ing aftrward arcand Him the fisher men to be his chief attendants. With adze, and saw., and chisel. and axe, urd in a carpen -r shop showing himself brother with the tradesmen. Owncr of all thiigs, and yet on a hillock back of Jerusalemone day re signed everything for others, keep ing noL so much -L a shekel to nay for His obloquies. BY charity buried ini the sub-bs of a city thaft bad cast Him out, Before the cross of suh a Oapitaist. and such a carpeuter. all men can af'ord to shake iands and worship. Here is the every -man's Christ. None so high, but IRe is higher. None so poor, but. he was poorer. At His feet the hostile ex tremes will renounce their animosi ties. and couaitenailces which have glowed with prejudice and revengC of centuries shall brighten with the smile of heaven as h0e commands: *Whatsoever ye wouild that men should do to you do ye even so to ELCTRIC DEATH LEGAL. Decisin of the Supreme Oourt li Kemm le. Is Came -The Lower Oeurt s ustalsed. XAIUrNOTOX., D. C., May 23.-The Supreme Court of the United States today denied the application for a writ of error in the case of Kemmler. under sentence of death by electrici ty; opinion by Chief Justice Fuller. The opinion first recites the pro eedings in the lower courts leading up to the bringing of the case to this court. The court says that it is urg ed in Kemmler's behalf that the fourteenth amendment is a prohibi tion on the State of the imposition of cutl and unusual punishment, this being included in the term "due pro cess of law." The origin of the phrase, "cruel and unusual punish ment," the court says, was the En glish a't of settlemen. of 168 and meant that barbarous methods of punishment should not be inflicted. It meant that a man should not be sentencedl to death by torture, but did not me' n the death penalty it self was cruel. The court of appeals, the opinion says, held that the puish me-nt inflicted on Kemmler was unu sual but there was no evidence to show that it was cruel. The Legis lature of New York had the facts bearing upon this question and the court must presume that the Legis lature fixed a punishment it thought lesscruel than the formermode. .That decision, the court says, was not against any special privilege set up by the prisoner and was so plainly right that the court would not be justified in overruling it. The four teenth tsmendment did not materially change the whole theory of the gov ernmient. Citizene still remaia citi zens both of the State and of the United States. The only change is that the amendment furnishes an adak~ tional guarantee against eneroach ment by the State upon the funda mental rights of the citizens of the United States, are, indeed, protected by them. Those are privileges aris ing out of the essential nature and character of the National Govern ment. The court quotes the opinion in the Hurtado case on the meaning of the phrase "due proe:za of law The change in the form of death was in the legitimate sphere of the legit imate power of the State. The Leg islature of the State of New York determined that it did not inflict ceru el and unusual punishment and its courts have sustained that determi nation. This court cannot see that the prisoner has been deprived of due process of law. In order to reverse the judgment this court should be compelled to hold that the Court of Appeals had committed an error so gross at to deprive the prisoner of his constitutional rights. The cotnrt has no hesitancy in saying it cannot do this A Modern Fablo. There was ones a Long Headed Man. who invented a Household Utensil of such general Utility that instead of giving it a name, setting foirth an Intelligible Idea of its Char acter, he called it simply a Good Thing. So P'roud was he of his Good Thing that he would not make its Existence known in the Press. "If People will not come in and ask for the Good Thing," lie would say. - don't Propose to go to the Trouble of Telling Them about It. If Peo ple don't Know It when they see it, they must suffer the Consequencs of their Blindness - When a Mort gage was Foreclosed on him a Little Later, the Successf'ul Bidder Adver tised the Good Thing in Several Pa pers, and he had Dinicuilty in Em ploying a Sunficient number of mnen to Fill the Red Wagons tnlat Baicked Up at his Door. The Moral of this Fable is in the Possession of our Ad vertising Agent, who will D)iselose it in all its Variegated Beauty to all in* quirers on receipt of Stamp for Re turn Postage.-Puck. -The Rev. Sam Small, of Atlanta, has definitelyannounced hispm-pose to be a candidate for the Legislature in THE COST OF THE RUNNING OF OUR STATE GOVERNMENT 'Mr. Flui- i. (;raydon ws how L:h Cent of the Annual sta1 Ta1 x fevy is spCnt. To the Editor of The News and Courier: The cadi for it convntion isued by-, thll execiv coI iteo the Farmers' Association has a great deal to say about the necessity for economy. retrinchielint and re form in th ; administration of our State Govermuent. The demand for economy and retrenchment presup poses the exsteince of extravagance and wastefuhness. The demand for reform presupposes the existence of corruption, or at best management. As the latter charge seems to have been virtually abandoned, as that count in the "indictment" of the ex ecutive committee of the Farmers' Association seems to have been nol prossed, let as consider the former. ABSOLUTE ECONOMY. Some weeks ago I wrote an article for The News and Courier in which an effort was made to show that this State has. relatively to the other States of the Union, an cenonieal government. Let us see. i' it is not positively economical, if it is possible to reduce taxation so that the reduc tion will be felt appreciably. The school tax is lixedby the Constitution at not less than two mills. The e perience of fourteen years has shown that in Abbevilke county (which is taken for (onvcnrerce) an annual levy of at least three mills is required for ordinary county purposes. In some counties a higher rate is necessary. Very few; have a lower. The State le for this year is five and one-fourti mills. About two and three-fourths 1ills of this levy are reouired to pay Lhe interest on the State debt. These thrr itemts. school tax, ordinary county purposes Mad indcest on State debt, reiuiring (in i Is countv) a levy of about seven and three-fourths mills, may be called fr.ed charges, in which no reduction is possible maless the State debt can be refunded at a lower rate of inter -st. All the other expenses of the State Government are paid out of the remaining two andone-half mills levy ma the phosphate royalkty and if any reduction can be made it maust be made here. What are those cxpenses? A.EGISLATIVE DEPArTIMNT. b)out N0000-about ;38 000 for sal a-ies, and the balance for pinting and other purposes. We do not sup pose any well-informed ma ,n thnks the salaries here are too high. Those who have been nembers of the Leg slature inow that it involves~ a sacri fice of money as well as of time. ExECUTIVE DEPAIM:T3DNT, about 5.000, about 83,00 for sal aies and the bahlmee for other pur poses. The bill which passed the House at the last session proposed to ieduce the Governor's salacy 8500. =a the salaries of some State officers. and their clerks $-00 cach. I have nt the bill befure mc. but. accordin o m rcollction of it, it would havJe ecf-ted a re'auction in this depart nent of only $3.000) to 84, 000. The ost ardent economists did not ant to go farther. TIrE JUDIcIAL DErART3MENT uder existing law requires about 565,000 per annum. A bill passed the ouse at the last session reducing the salaries of the Judges .300 each, or 95,500 mn all. Many think this re uction ought to have been made. I onfess I am not one of the number. Before the war twelve or thirteen Jdges, with aggregate salaries ofI $8,000 or 839,000, attended to the business of a litigating population of 275000. Now eleven Judges, with ggregate salaries of 8;39.000, attend to the b)usiness of a litigating popula tion of over a million. They have nearly twice as much work to do and their expenses are heavier. EN~u. ANi) enI~irlrrAm.E INSTITUTlONs. The next item is penal and charit able institutions. including the Peni tentiary, the Lunatic Asylum and the Asylum for the Deaf. Dumnb and~ Blind, to which may be added for con venience the Catawba Indian~s. These require for this year an appropriation of 8133,.325. The Penitentiary sup ports its own officers, and no redae tion in the others is possible. so far as anyone has~ shown. The next is the health department. Some contend that this department is useless. That is a question of policy. The ap~propriation, $i13.000, is certainly not excessive. The next iis the tax department. The appropriationl for this is 8254 00. 22900, for salaries of auditors. and $2.500l for printing for auditors and treasurers. The salaries of the audi tors are low enough, anid the p)rinting is absolutely nees~say. oosT oF flIIHR LE(eATIoN. The next is the appropriation for edcatonal institutions. including the South Carolina College 842.000, the Citadel1820.400, Claiin College $5, 000, the Winthrop Traiing Sehool s5,4U,0. and the Clemson College .$13,000, total 81580 Some persons are opposed to any appropriations for hiher ducation. It may be taken to be he ettedpolicy of the State. how ever, that these institutions shall be mantind Ifte are1, to be m taned it is hard to see hov. it can be done on less money, unless it be in the case of the South CarolinL Col geeral head of miscllan ons. T he for this yea 'r 6177.9CA0.('. T wo items. he State Hiouse and pensionus, amount to 8111200 Then there are expenl es of railroad commission. 87-00: expenses ineidenit to election'.-.G cnvets, .5,000: leaving a~ balanmc of 812,750.02, only about. -'')eo winch re. permfanenPt appropriati~ons. The State House appropri&to 101w~ill imsh the work unless the Legislature sees fit to complete the outsie The -ai. aries and expenses of th rairoad commission are paid by the railro'ds. It is plain that any re'ductio 1'under tis ihead is- imupracticabe 1 cANNOT BE FoCND. Where then is the great leakage we have hear so much of ? nowisanding all the talk about the ncssity for ccoiomyv anld re trencnuent where enn it be efeeted. unless by a reduction of less thai D10.000 in the salarie' of the Judges ant State officers. and about the 5muiuc lutiit in the appropriation foi the Sy't 11 Carolina College? Thi:; would e a saving of about 620,0 0. or one-ieventh of a mill. about four teeii cents to at iial paying taxes on, 61.000 worth of property. TI the appropriation for the militia 1.000. be discontinued the reduc of the three items would be only about one-fourth of a nai or twenty lve Cents to a man paying taxes on -1.000 worth of property. Dm TAE ' NOT POSSIBts is it true. then. that our peo)le are burdened. oppressed, ground down to the earth with unnecessary tasa tion? Is it possible to make a reduc tion that will be sensibly felt. unless n until the State debt can be rce funded at a lower rate of interest? The State Government is on trial before the people of the State. The "hipictment is prefe'rre-d against every deparwnent of it. Havingbeen a member of the committee on ways and means in the last House. and kznowing how earnestly and faithfully I labored to brin every appropriation down to the lowest point consistent with efllicincy in the administration of the Government. Ifeel it to be my duty to the other iiembers of the committee, as well as to myself, to llead not guilty to the charge pro ferred in the "indictment. EIs G. Gt:AY1XN. Abbeville, May 19, 1890. CARRIED UP !NTO A CLOUD. A Woman, Two Men and Horses swept Out of Sight by a Cyclni-. On the day following the terrible eyclone of May 4th in Haimihon ooui ty a man and a woman. seated in a two horse wagon. were going alonw the Hamilton and Goldthwaite road in the direction of Golidthwaitc. The off horse was gray. Following them was a man on horseback and a loost horse. Witnesses. whose veraeity can not be doubted. say that they saw the eyelone strike the parties and saw them carried high in the air, where they were swallowed up by the dark cloud and were not seen again. The mam on horseback was sitting oni his horse in the air when last seen The woman was taken from the wagon and was plainly seen in the air higher than the to'ps of the trees. One of the eye witnesses was a lady. who fainted at the sight. At the time the cyclone struck them these people -ere whipping their horses, evidenttly trying to run out of rlac of the storm. Tha identity of ine arties is tm1mown. They were seen passing along the Goldthwaite road. at Capt. John D. Afu1I's ranch. a short time before the cyclone. They were no doubt strang ers traveling through the country. A large number of men have been searching the surrounding country for theiz bodies. Nothing so far has been found except a bunch of wom an's hair. a lady's plush satchel, a pair of saddle bags with sheep shears in them. and a man's vest with blood on ii. Pieces of flesh have been picked up, but it is impossible to dis tinguish whether it is that of a human being or not. A wagon tongue, sup posed to belong to this wagon was found stove into tho ground somne distance away. The general impression is that the people, wagon and horses were all torn to atoms by the cyclone aya w'll never be found.-Dallas, Texas.News. Tomnahawked by Savages. SAx Fn.iscisco, May 19.-News was received here last night by the steamer Zealandia that in a great storm oii March 4th the schooner Eliza Mary was driven on the reefs at Mallicolo. in the New Hebrides. It was impossible to see anything through the blinding rain till just be fore the ship struck. There were on board at the time a crew of eighteen, two passengers. forty four reeits and fifteen returning laborers. mnak ing a total of seventy-nine men. The first boat which was lowered was manned by four white men and sev eral of the black crew. The boat was dashed to pieces while going on shore and the four white men drowned. Those who remained on boar~d the ship were saved. Several of the re cnits swam for the shore and were either drowned or killed aft( r landing. One boy had to fight his way from shore to the mission station distant ten miles. He, with twenty of his companions. went with somei natives to a village near the coast. They were given lood, b)ut while eating the savages se ' upon them and betgan loim ahawking thle e'astawalys. The boy ran and escaped. In all four white men andl forty-sevenx blacks were oull1an o Fght in Virgiuia. Niew Yont May 22.-Col. J. M.! Bailev. of Tiriahi held a consulta tion 'with John L. Suliva n this morning. The result of the confer eno was that Sullivan agrees to 1'ight Je Mciliffe for .$10.00 ) n July, and Jackson for $25,000 in August. Each battle will take plac in LuTir ginia under the auspices of the Ti giia Athletic Club. Scientifically Kiled Da:vss. Cot., May 22.-J. K Tin eent, ninjg broker. died~ her ys terdav. after sensational experiences wih 'Christian Scientists;. of which seet hi s wife is a member. Whiile~ su!:zrng from Bright's disease, two montnhs ago. Tincent was attended by two l ong p)hysician1s, who pro noniced his, disease incurable. Then Mr. Tient dirove them~ out of the ho,~ use n forbade their return. The in~valids mother even was fo::ced out of her lodgiugs in the same house be0 (eisse she protested. Every evening paers were recited, and, despite the'sufferings of the patient, no medi ne was admnistered. When the te 'ick lmn was proppecd against a window and forced to say hie was being~ tel 1 ll right. -Ar, )fashionbe visiting~ card in Berlin is, an rca importation. I~t is' a a ofhe silver poplu., which keeps its color when dried and can be easily written upon It delights fashionable Berlin under the name of 'E,,i P~who'w'isitno card.' jWONDEIRFVL TEACINDG BLIND, DEAF AND DUMB, BUT TAUCHT TO SPEAK. A Southern GIr1'% Patience mr.d Dewrinaim tion Work a Miracio-The Faculty of Articulate speech Acquired Through the Sense i' of Feeiing. Nevr York Hferaid. Helen Reller, a deaf, dumb a. blind girl from Tuscumbia, n whose remarkable mental develop ment in the face of tremendous handicaps imposed on her by.nature has been the theme of much delight ed comment, has within the last six weeks been taught to speak intelligi bly. This is the only authenticated case of the kind that has ever been known in the world. The quiciness with which Helen has always imbib ed knowledge seemed a little less than a miracle. In one year she ac quired a vocabulary of 1,500 words, the average vocabulary being from 1.200 to 1.400 words. even of those who cannot see. Her great efforts to make herself understood and her disoouragecmnt at failure convinced her relatives that a tremendous in tellectual force must be locked up within her. for which an outlet must be fomd or the child would die. Her family consultedl with Mr. Anog nos of the Perkins Institution for the Blind, and lie sent to t.em as a teach er for the child Miss Anna 3f. Sulli van, who has continued her teacher and constant companion ever since. Helen has now aco uired a knowledge of French, Gernan, Latin and Greek, and her English vocabulary has in creased until she is mistress of three thousand words. She is also pas sionately fond of music and danc in. LEAR1NING SOUND BY TOUCh. A reporter called upon Miss Sulli 'van and succeeded in overcoming that lady's modesty sufficiently to obtain some information regarding the astonishing development of her little charge. "Helen." said Miss Sullivan, "has known for a long time that other peo. ple spoke, and has been very eager to learn to talk herself. For instance, she tried to say 'mamma' and 'papa,' accenting the first syllable. She had tried this by placing her hand on my t'hroat and lips, getting the motion of them and duplicating it. She be gan to make sounds, but they were quite unpleasant, and did not really constitute talk. I concluded to take her to Miss Sarah Fullcr, who is principal of the Horace Mann school. Miss Fuller .began.- imnediately to teach her. Of course shtcould not understand Miss Fuller. and I have acted as interpreter. Her sense of touch is very acute. so I would spell the words out to her on her hands with myhands, and she would follow my directions. For instance I would say to ' er in that a-. 'Miss Fuller wants ;ou to put youI ' togue in the roof of your mouth,' and she woul do so. At her first lesson Miss Fuller gave her the same words, 'mamma' and 'papa', which she had been trying to say, teaching her to place the accent on the last two syllables, or in other words, showing her the length of the syllable. F'IRsT sTEPs13 A DIFFICULT ROAD. "You see that in those two words the child acquired the sound of M, P and A, and when she got those sounds of course she could say a great many other words containing that combination of letters. In that same lesson she was given the words 'is' and 'it,' which gave her the sound of short I, S and T. and with that combination she coul make any word with that comb'.nation of let ter s. The more words she learned the greater fluency she acouired." Helen. who will be ten years old next July, has visited Miss Fuller but eleven times. yet she has now a com mand of language rare in a child of twelve. She has not the slightest perception of light or sound. being totally deaf and blind. But the acuteness of her remaining senses. andi especially that of touch and feel ing genex'ally, has been brought to perfecion by constant exercise. 'While the reporter was talking Heen came bounding into the room. l'hysqilly and mentally she is no way behind the childr'en of he! years. She 1s wonderfully pretty and has a veryv intclhgzent face. Notwithstand' i"' the rapidity of her physical devel opment her framec is iltly proportion ed, he stature erect, her features symmetricaLl and her lgiure wonder fully gra ceful. Her tones are, to be sure. 'a trife guttural and there is a slight pausie between each word, but the tone is not especial ly disagreea be an~d the enunciation is sutlicient lv distinct to enable one to under standl wha she is saying. "I am going to learn to make my voice sweet. I am going home in June ." Helen said to the reporter. "I shall talk to my dear' little sister and ray pare'nti. and miy brothers and all. Thecsc sentences seemed very pa thetic. but their pathos was relieved by the expression of delight that plaiyed over the mobile countenance of the girl as she anticipated the great pleasure which her acqirei mient of anew faculty would cast io that .Southern home. 1Her teacher savs that the bright..st thing about her is that she judges so quickly what a word must sound like. She is tire less in her search for information and her hunger for kncwledge is insa tiato. A Fortune 'nd1er a Mattrces. On going to bed at thu Palaes Ho tlU late on Monday night A. D. West field, a wealthy resident of New York pheed 818.000 in bills under the matres of his bed, and when he arose Tuesday mornng. shortly be fore the diepartuire of the overland rainf by the Southern route, he for iot his money in the hiaste of his prep I rat ions for leaving. IReaching the I ferry, he thought of it. returned to theu hotel in a flustered state. and act A BLOODY AFFRAY. Murdor and '.bbery at Ashley Junotion Near Charleston. The Newsaud Courier of the 21st contains the following account of a fracas in the store of Fritz Hotting ger. near Ashley.Junction: At 9 o'clock there were in the store Mr. Fritz Hottinger, his clerk, Mr. Muller and a colored boy, all of these being behind the coun ter. Besides these three there were a few customers, as is the fashion, lounging about and waiting until the close of the store. Suddenly, when things were in this condition, two colored men appeared in the light outside the door inside the fence which encloses the store. One of the men had his rifle raised and the other a shot gun. Mr. Hottinger was standing nearly opposite the door, and it is a wonder he was not riddled with bullets. Both negroes began firing. Thesmoke of the guns, together with the blaze of the pow der and the suddenness of the attack, had the effect of paralyzing all the energies of those in the store. Those who were not behind the counter broke and ran, most of them into the back part of the store and others es deavoring to make their escape through the windows. It was a case of save who can. Five shots were fired, the double barrel gun going off twice and the Winchester being fired three times. Mr. Hotiinger fell at almost the first fire. He was struck in the shoulder. The two robbers and murderers then rushed into the store, counting correctly on the utter demoralization of everything and everybody inside. One of them, the man with the Win chester rifle, sprang over the counter and seized the till which he rifled of about one hundred dollars. While this was being done the clerk and the negro boy began to realize the des perate situation. The clerk undaunt ed made for Mr. Hottinger's gun, but the boy being nearer sized it and got ready to fire. But so quickly was everything done that the two desperadoes had left the store and were going off up the State road, in the angle of which and the railway the store is situated. The colored boy with the gun came out and fired, and the retreating rob bers returned the fire. In this last melee a colored man named Marcus Jenkins was killed. He was on the platform near the Berkeley phos phate mills and was shotthroughthe head. The likelihood is that the ne gro with the Winchester rifle fired while running backwards and the ball took a wide range to the west, hitting the man Jenkins as stated. Besides Jenkins there was near on the platform of the Berkeley mills a colored man named Thomas Williams. He was also hit by a ball on the rightieg-~ - - ~ CAPT. TILLMAN MUST ANSWER ol. Butler's 1Eccent Letter Caanotbe Pas ed by in Slience. To the Editor of the News and Courier: I have just been shown .by a friend Commissioner Butler's open letter to Capt. B. R. Tillmnan, pub lished in the News and Courier in re ply to charges made by him in his Anderson speech. I am free to con fess that I have been a warm sup porter and an ardent admirer of Capt. Tillman, because I believed him to be a sincere and true friend of the farmer, and that when he uttered the charges of "rottenness, corruption,' etc., etc., against the State offeers that he had indubitable proof, how ever much we might regret it, and that they would be sustained. But since reading Commissioner Butler's calm and dignified reply, and which seems to me so truthful, that I am convinced that Capt. Tiliman must bring forth positive proof to sustain the charges made not only against the commnissoner, but against the -- other State officers, or he will and must go to the wall. Mere accusation will not do, if the charges are not sustained by positive and undeniable proof. I don't be lieve that the honorable people of South Carolina will elevate by their votes any man to rule over them who will deliberately make false charges to the injury of the gentlemen who have been placed in the highest off ces within the gift of the people men who have served their .country so well, both in peace and war. The true men of South Carolina will not permit any man to go into the high and distinguished office of Governor over the bodies of men who have been attempted to be dragged downby false and unsustained charges. Capt. Timan must reply to Commissioner Butler's letter of denial with proof, or he will and must go down to pos terity "unwept, unhonored and un sung." He cannot, he dare not, try to escape by remaining silent, and if he fails every true son of this State will use every honorable effort to de feat Lim, and will defeat him. W. W. WIrsos. A Certain M~an. .6 preacher. who had great "libel ty," was preaching from a part of the thirtieth verse of the tenth chap ter of Luke-"Amertain man went down to Jericho, and fell among thieves?- He opened his discourse thus: "My brethren, th'e Bible is a very wonderful book. It says so much in a word. Now, there is very little said about the character of this mian that fell amncng ti. s thieves; but I kow just what sort ot a man h was. And, first he was a sober man; secondly. he was a punctual man; thirdly, he was an industrious man; and. fourthily, he was a married man. And I learn all this about the man from one single word that the Bible says about him; it says ho was a cer tain man. Now, we all know that there is no certainty in a drumkard, there is no certainty in a man who is not punctual to his engagements, no certaitv in an idle loafer, and there is not one of these bachelors in forty that you can trust." -A pretty incident accompanied Ithe shower of rice at a recent wed dinir. As the departing couple were showered with rice, a flock of city Isparrows swooped down and covered tepemnt, and before they flew