Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. VI. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 2S, 1890. NO.9 THE COMING UMPAIGN. A CONTEST PROPOSED WITHIN THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY. An Address to the Democrats of South Carolina. Issued by Order ot the Execu tive Committee of the Farmers' Associa tion of South Carolina. To the Democracy of South Carolina: For four years the Democratic party in the State has been deeply agitated, and efforts have been made at the prima ries and conventions to secure retrench ment and reform, and a recognition of the needs and rights of the masses. The irst farmers' convention met in April, 1880. Another in ilovember of the same year perfected a permanent organization under the name of the "Farmers' Asso ciation of South Carolina." This asso ciation, representing the reform element in the party, has held two annual sessions since, and at each of these four conven tions, largely attended by representa tive farmers from nearly all the Coun ties, the demands of the people for greater economy in the government, greater efficiency in its officials and a fuller recognition of the necessity for chieaper and more practical education, fhave been pressed upon the attention of our legislators. In each of the two last Democratic State Conventions the "farmers' move ment" has had a large followina, and we only failed of controlling the convention of 1888 by a small vote-less than twenty-five-and that, too, in the face of the active opposition of nearly every trained politician in this State. We claim that We have always had a majority of the people on our side, and have only failed by reason of the superior political tactics of our oppononts and our lack of organization. In proof of this we point to .ebbeville and Chester, .the only Coun ties except Charleston which had not al ready appointed delegates to the State convention before the campaign meet ings two years ago at which Governor Richardson spoke. Both of those Coun ties, after hearing the Governor defend his policy and thaqof his faction repudiat ed him and it, and he received only two votes from them. The executive committee of the Farm ers' Association did not deem it worth while to hold any convention last No vember, but we have watched closely every move of the enemies of economy the eaemies of agricultural education, t the enemies of true Jeffersonian Democ racy-and we think the time has come to show the people what it is they need and how to accomplish their desires. We will draw up the indictment against those who have been and are still gov nering our State, because it is at once the 1 cause and justification of the course we intend to pursue. NO REA. TEPUBLIcAN GOVERNMENT. South Carolina has never had a real it- spublican government. Since the iyz of the 'lords proprietors' it has been N aristocracy under the forms of de ocracy, and whenever a champion of e people has attempted to show them heir rights, and advocated those rights, an aristocratic oligarchy has bought him with an office, or failing in that, turned loose the good gates of misrepresentation and slander in order to destroy his in Quence.-..c The peculiar situation now existing in the State, requiring the united efforts of every true white maa to preserve white supremacy and our very civilization even,t has intensified and tended to makeper manent the conditions which existed before the war. Fear of a division among us and consequent return of negroa rule has kept the people quiet and they have submitted to many grievances im posed by the ruling faction because theya dreaded to risk such a division._ The "farmers' movement" has been hampered and retarded in its work by this condition of the public mind, but we have shown our fealty to race by submitting to the edicts of the party, and we intend as heretofore to make our fight inside the party lines, feeling as sured that truth and justice must finally prevail. The results of the agitation thus far are altogether encouraging. Inch by inch and step by step true democracy-the rule of the people-has won its way. We have carried all the outposts. Only two strongholds remain. to be taken, and with the issues fairly made up and put plainly to the people we have no fear of the result. The 1 House of Representatives has been car-1 -ied twice and at last held after a des perate struggle. The advocates of reform and economy are no longer sneered at as "Three-for-a quarter statesmen." They psas measures of economy which four years ago would have excited only derision, and with the farmers' movement to strengthen their backbone have withstood the cajolery, threats and impotent rage of the "ring bosses." The Senate is now the main reliance of the enemies of retrenchment and reform, who oppose giving the peo ple their rights. The Senate is the stronghold of "existing institutions," aid the main dependence of those who are antagonistic to all progress. As we captured the House we can capture the Senate; but we must control the Dem ocratic State Convention before we c-an hope to make economy popular in Co lumbia, or be assured of no more pocket vetoes. The General Assembly is large ly influenced by the ideas and policy of the State officers, and we must elect those before we can say the farmers' movement has accomplished its mission. It is true that we have wrenched from the aristocratic coterie who were edu cated at and sought to monopolize every. thing for the South Carolina College, the right to control the laud scrip and and Hatch fund and a part of the privi lege tax on fertilizers for one 'rear, and we have $40,000 with which to com mence building a separate agricoltural college where the sons of poor farmers can get a practical education at small expense. But we dare not relax our effort or rely upon the loud professions of our opponents as to their willingness new to build and equip this agricultural school Senator McMaster, a trustee of the South Carolina College, gave voice to the sentiments and wishes wbich are prevalent at the University and Military Academy when he "hoped to see the in fernal Clemson College sink out of sight next year." They all want to 9ink the "infernal" agricultural college out of sight, and if its friends do not rally once more to its support it will either be de stroyed or starved, so that it cannot do the great work it is expected to accom piish, All the cry about "existing in situtions" which must remain inviolate ~shows that the ring- the South Carolina University, Citadel, Agricultural B.,.au, Columbia Club, Greenfield building ring intend in the future, as in the past, to get all they can and keep all they get. These pets of the aristocracy and its nurseries are only hoping that the people will again sink into their accus tomed apathy. The University was given an increased appropriation, and there is no thought of transferring it to Fort Hill, although the land scrip fund which is sent there was expressly donat ed for the purpose of mechanical as well as agricultural education, and so with the experimental statione. The Hatch fund is given to the Clemson College, but the stations are left at Columbia and Spartanburg, under the control of the South Carolina College. Is it not plain that these people intend to yield obedience to the law only when they are made to do it? The Farmers' Associa tion demands that the laud scrip and Hatchfundsand the fertilizer tax shall first be consolidated and used for the build and maintenance of a class industrial school, with Experiment Stations attached, for farmers and mechanics. We hold that the experimental work, the educational work and the inspection and analysis of fertilizers can all be more efficiently and economically carried on under one board, mostly at one place, and much of it by the same corps of men who teach. We have never and do not now want any increase of taxes to ac complish these ends. But our opponents having seized the opportunity afforded by our agitation to double the income of the South Carolina C llege and call it a university, and in addition obtaired the Hatch fund of $15,000, donated for Ex periment Stations, cry out: "Take our Clemson College! We will give you $98,000 or $198,000 if you want it raised by taxation, but don't touch existing in stitutions." They have built with our bricks, but say we must not take them, but that we can build if we make others. C Was there ever such impudence? t THE DOIXGS OF THE RING. I They seized first the land scrip fund. t Then they misappropriated the Hatch 0 fund. They increamed the taxes $65,000 c a year to equip and maintain the dif c ferent departments of the grand univer o ;iLy. They voted $60,000 in one lup a without even a division to rebuild, re pair and equip the Citadel Academy, and r hen say to taxpaying farmers: Leave j yur existing institutions alone. Let the f igricultural bureau with its board-who ire our chosen sons, every man of them c yelonging to or aspiring to belong to our n ristocratic ring -let this bureau wasta a p 0,000 a year more-leave our Experi. neat Stations at Darlington, Columbia ix Lnd Spartanburg alone. We expect to b :ontrol votes with them and they must iot be touched. Put your hands in your >ockets and pay for your Clemson College p f you will have it, and we will vote the S :axes. tl An analysis of the vote in the House and h senate which defeated the consolidation r< >f all our agricultural work shows that p he board and Department of Agriculture v, re sustained by the fertilizer manufac- S urers, the phosphate miners and the S Iniversity and Citadel. If a farmer T !oted for its continuance it is because he a] elt aat the South Carolina University p, ould lose something by its aolition. c, he support of the fertilizer companies w s easy to understand. This bureau has ai een their best friend. Year after year tI e have been told by Commissioner tI utler that the guanos inspected were oi >elow the guarantees, but nobody has ti >en punished. In fact there is no ade- - uate punishment for selling fraudulent at uanos in this State. The bill prepared t: y the committee of the Farmers' A.sso- is iation for the reorganization of the ca ~oard of Agriculture would have secured m ur farmers against swindling fertiliser 5, ealers, but it was amended to death by w he lawyers in the Senate, who are attor- ta teys for the phosphate miners and fer- m ilizer companies; and the men who were lected on the board over the nominees f the farmers' convention were ehosen t ot because they are more loyal to the ci gricultural interests, or better fitted for e he position,.but because they are friends f the Uaiversity and belong or are sub- t ervient to our aristocracy-"so called" i -and the phosphate miners are too well ,c atisfied with the system of collecting h< he State royalty to permit a change if g hey can help it. How wonderfully per- g ect oridefective is this system is shown e >y the fact that during the ten years ni nder the same officials not a single in- t itment has been brought against any si ne for attempting to swindle the State ut of its dues. No wonder Chaarleston' s in love with the Agricultural Bureau nd cannot bear to see that "existing b, natitution" disturbed. The recent proposal to sell the State's ti nterest in the phosphate beds is fortu- n iate, because thereby,the attention of lc ,axpayers is attracted to this most im- h >ortant matter. The Farmers' Associa- 1c ion proposed in 1886 to increase the tl oyalty as a means of lowering taxes, p, md we believe this can be safely done a ;o the extent of $100,000. d A legislative committee was nppointed ai o "investigate" and report on the sub- c: ject. This was only done to give time- p waiting ten months until the market had t1 been manipulated. etc. This committee ii proceeded to show how well it had been n hosen "not to do it." There was no n onest effort made to get at the real facts as to the profits of the business and v its ability to stand an increase of roy t alty ; and after it had been "wined and b dined," and brought into a suitable t frame of miind that committee came to d Columbia and actually proposed to give 1 the six largest companies a monopoly for e a less annual rental than the State was t then receiving. Only one Senator, to r whom all honor is dne, dissented from ( this outrageous proposal What was the a result? Of course the General Assemblyc did not act favorably upon it, but all thought of an increase of royalty was also abandoned, and this was whatthe corpo ration attorneys, who were there in thei interest of their clients and not of their( constituents, had been working for. "The goose that lays the golden egg" was not killed--"existing institutions" were not disturbed. Phosphate rock, which had been manipulated down to $8 40 per ton, advanced in two months after the Legislature adjourned to $6.00 and has since ruled between $5.50 and $7.50 per ton. The-golden eggs are still being laid, but niot in the State's nest whether some of them have not gone into pockets which they ought not, is an open question. Now, we want to warn the people that the charter of ti~e Coo saw company-obtained by bribery, it is said, of a Radica! Legislature-expires in 1891. This company, which has grown fabulously rich, claims to have a perpetual contract, with- exclusive right to mine in Coosaw River, and pay only one dollar per ton for the privi lege. The next Legislature must act on this question, and the next Attorney General may have to test these claims in court. The whole question of phus phate management or mismanagement must be settled. Can the taxpayers afford to allow any but true meu to go to the Senat~e, or elect a corporation lawyer as Attoneyr General? Shall the politi TALMAGE*S PILGR1mAG. The Noted Divine Tell of Iis Trip to the Holy Land. PARIS, Jan. 21.-Rev. T. De Witt Talmage, of the Brooklyn Tabernacle, has quite recovered from the attack of influenza which seized him here and isin excellent health and spirits. When I called on him the American Min. ister's carriage was waiting to convey the clergyman's family to the Bois de Boulonge. He was entertained at dinner on Wednesday night by White law Reid. "I am in Paris," said Mr. Talmage, "for the first time since 1885, but nev er before during this winter was Paris so charming, and I regret that I must sail on the Aurania on the 25th to re sume my duties. "I have returned from the most en joyable trip of my life. I have been all over the Holy Land and into parts of Italy, Rome. for instance, which I had not seen before, although I have been abroad many times. Every place in Palestine has had great inter est for me. Just before I reached Bethlehem and Jerusalem I could not sleep. I was as excited as a boy, for it was the realization of a life dream. "At Jericho I met an American, whose name I have forgotten, who asked me to baptize him in the River Jordan. So one fine Sunday morningj rhen the sun shone gloriously brighr,' , we assembled together on the banks of the great river. I was chd in the a white robes of an Arab shiek. -A small crowd of interested people s stood about me, some of whom were e Americans, who sang together "On f Jordan's stormy banks I stand," which my daughter had copi ed from a hymn book. After this the h emersion was performed and we dis- V banded. "My trip was replete with Biblical interest. I feel doubly repa:s for it. Every book in the Bible seemed to speak more forcibly and I could trace al1 the impor'ant places in Bible his- a tory in every journey made." Our Small Collees. I Mr. Bryce, in his "American Com- S nonwealth," says an excellent word for f( ur hundreds of small colleges. Some I f our own people are inclined to sneer al t these humble places of learning, and t1 commend that they be abolished, b iallowed up by the greot universities, r-C tc. ti Mr. Bryce says they get hold of a multi- y ude of poor men who covld never go to u ne of the great universities at a distance to rom their home. They thus fill the in ,untry with a learning, not of the oi ighest, to be sure, but still higher than at he public schools. They strike often- te imes the spark in the breast of the sn >ountry youth that kindles in later times at >o such a love of scientific pursuits and TI riginal investigation that the youth be- ta >omes one of the famous men of his day. so ur great men in all fields are nearly v ways those who were born and grown til 1 the country, near to the heart of na- fu ure. It is these strong, ambitious youths that the country college reaches w tarticularly. Ex-President Andrew D. to Vhite speaks in high commendation of b3 be small colleges, calling them feeders ti f the universities. What though they at re not so sumptuously endowed, and te ave not stately, high saliried profes- od ors? In the true love oi learning, in in he simple, unconscious dignity of genu- c e manhood, in the kindly sympathy sa ith his students and nearuess to them sh e country college professor is often to te superior of his brother in the uni- th versity. The strong pinioned human a -mpathy that draws near to the weak, so e erring, the poor, the unhappy, and at :ars them up and at length sends them di o the world as men in their turn is th etter than the ability to write a whole to ~reek play and put in the accents con- at etly. We have in the United States si w'341 colleges, mostly small ones. b' og may they esve! 0f an Eneine's nemarkaul Rtecord. i A Philadelphia inventor named la unes Reagan claims to have run un y gine contInuously for one week th rer the Philadelphia Division of the mn cadng Railroad without changing e be fire in the furnace, and that noth- hi g of the kind was ever attempted or :complisaed before- Tne invention, tis believed, will revomutionize the ld time methods used in firing loco' otives if the raIlroad comgames b dopt it, and inventor Reagan s per- t rmancee are the talk of every engt- c teer on the road-. By using a patent af aking grate the unheard-of record a a-as made of running a locomotive w rawing heavy freight trains for 136 . ours, inc'udin g long stops on the " :ad., which the enginer dread on ecunt of tbe way th eir fires clog, it s fen requiring thirty-five or forty min-W ates to rernew them in order to pro ~eed. Mr. Reagan stuck to the engine troughout the week of experiment, carcely sleeping. All the food he got I as what the engineers gave him and a sw oysters secured duriug a short stop . n Philadelphia. "The mageitude o the undertaking," says Mr. Reagant was such that every one doubted the ability to make one trip. The quality it of the coal was even below the ordima- P y used by the road. The test was . ade as severe as possible, and the a victory is more signal on that account. I eaides the fast gain in time there is a qually as much saved in fuel. Afler Lhe first fire was lIt I did not burn at piece of wood as big a match stick, ~ and it usually takes one-quarter of a e ord to start the furnace after the fire t begins to clog and a cleaning out be omes necessary." 0 The successef the Allnace Atlanta Journal.C The farmers are deriving great ~ benefit from the Alliance. It has saved them in Georgia alone $200,000 in a single year on the purchase of fertili zers. It has lowered the cost of almost every article they use, food, clothing, farm implements wagons, buggiesI nd even the few luxuries that Geor gia farmers have been able to enjoy. It has taught the farmers the use of the most powerful weapon in the struggles of peace or war-co-opera tion. Divided, they were the easy prey of the monopolists and trusts; but united in a phalanx 4,000,000 strong, with one wing resting on the shores of Maine, the other on the Pacific coast, the farmers have become a power. They are rtbe people, and they naust rule. The membership is steadily in creasing, and its field of usefulness steadily broadening, -Our reports from the South Carolina Alliance are par tienlarly encouraging. The order is making rapid progress in that State, and has, as the Georgia Alliance, a settled policy of uplifting the people and protecting them from the designs of the monopolies and trusts: The Alliance has a good work before it. It has accomplished much, but it has much more to accomplish. Forta nately for the people, it has the epar age and the ability to wage war suc mesnfull and to fulfill its missd. cians choose him, or shall we, casting about amng the amony honorable, patri otic lawyers of the State, make the selec tion ourselves? EAILROAD LEISLATION. The Legislature which has just ad jou:-ned has other sins to answer for, or rather the Senate must be held respon sible The people demanded that the Railroad Commissioners should have something to do besides draw their sa!a ries and spend them. We want protec tion against the greed of the gigantic corporations owned at the North, which regard South Carolina as a lemon to be squeezed, and care nothing for the wel fare of our towns, our State or our pV.J pIe. The railroad laws of 18-made the commission a power to defend the people against imposition. The same legislature which enacted it having been bamboozleed or debauched, at the very next session left it only as a sinecure with fat salaries and no power. We have just seen the disgraceful farce re peated. The law was vastly improved at the sesaion of 1888, but after a year, wbich has shown the weakness and un itness of the present incumbents, for hey have done very little, the Senate >eremptorily refused to make any :hanges. The Railroad Commissioners low in office have been "tamed" so to peak, by the railroads, and men who iave not been so long under their wing night have done somnething in the inter -st of the people, but that same Senate, rhich has again and again thwarted the eople, which refuses to reduce salaries, rhich fought the Clemson College and ielded at last to necessity only, which s the stronghold of aristocracy with its ld, extravagant, non-progressive, im aacticable ideas, which in a word is minuioated by Charleston's rich politi ians-that Senate resolved to mantain his "existing institution," too, statu uo. Of all the taxes we pay, the pensions > Confederate veterans are submitted to iost willingly, and we regret that we annot increase the pittance they re ive. But the continuance of men in ice as political pensioners, after their ility or willingness to serve the people gone-when the interests, and even ghts of the people are thereby sacri ced-this pandering to sentiment-this .voritism-is a crrime, nothing more ad nothing less. Rotation in office is a irdinal Demnocratic principle, aid the eglect to practice it is the cause of any ills we suffer. We cannot elaborate the other counts this indictment. We -an only point riefly to the toismanagement of the enitentiary, which is a burden on the xpayers, even while engaged in io blic works which might benefit the ate. To the wrong committed against e people of many Counties (strong >ds of Democracy) by the failure to apportion representation according to >pulation, whereby Charleton has five tes in the House and ten votes in the ate Convention, which chooses our a :ate officers, to which it is not entitled. I > the zeal and extravagance of this t istocratic oligarchy, whose sins we are 3 inting out, in promising higher edu- I tion for every cless except farmers, ' he it neglects the free schools, which t c the only chance for an education to a Lousands of poor children whose fa ers bore the brunt in the struggle for 1 r redemption In 1876. To the con aued recurrence of horrible lynchings t which we can but attribute to bad laws I Ad their inefficient administration. To 1 e impotence of justice to punish crim- t als who have money. To the failure to + 1 a constitutional convent~ion that we y have an organic law framed by uth Carolinians and suited to our ints, thereby lessening the burden of 1 ation and giving us better govern-i nt. DEMAND FOR A CHANCB. 4 Fellow Democrats, do not all these igs cry out for a change? Is it not 1 portune, when there is no national ~etion, for the common people who re ~emed the State from Radical rule to e charge of it i Can we afford to ave it longer in the hands of these who, dded to ante-bellum patriotism and nor, are running it in the interest of a w families and for the benefit of a sel h ring of politicians. As real Demo ats and white men, those who here re worpledge to make the fgtisd e Democratic party and abide the re lt, we call upon every true CarolInian, all classes and callings, to help us rify and reform the Democratic party, d give us a government of the people. te people, and for the people. If control the State Democratic Conven n a Legislature in sympathy will turally follow ; failing to do this we risk sing all we have gained, and have no e of any change for the better. The gic of events and past experience show tat we must nominate candidates and t them in the field early, so that the asses will understand what they must to bring about the change we so de re. Such course will cause an active ~nass, wide discussion of the issues resented, and the people thus learning e truth can show whether they are favor of the farmers' movement or ot, by electing or rejecting ourrnomi We therefore issue this call for a con ntion of those Democrats who sympa ize with our views and purposes, as erein set forth, to meet In Columbia, in e House of Representatives, on Thur. a, the 27th day of March proximo, at o'clock in., to nominate a ticket for very State office, from Governor down, > be put in the field for ratification or jection by the next Democratic State ~ovention, and we pledge curselves to >ide the result, whether that is for us e against us. Each County will send as many dele ates as it sends to the State Conven ion, and we suggest that a mass meet aor convention be called in each tounty to elect delegates on salesday in ,Iarch. By order of the executive committee f the Farmers' Association of South ~aroina, G. W. SHELL, Pres't, and ex-officio Ch'm. A Sad Experience in Arkasas. ~sevlle Citisen. A sa~d case, nee iing immediate as istance, has come to our notice of two young men, one eighteen, the other wenty, who reached town last even ing in a most destitute condition, hay ng walked from Arktnsas to this point,being twenty-one days on the road from Memphis here. One of them had during that time a severe case of pneumonia from which he is just recovering. It seems they left their home in Wayne county, N. C. some time ago with their parents and two younger sisters and a small broth er for Arkansaa. Soon after their ar rival, their parents died, leaving them without resources. Some friends sent the younger children home and the brothers started to walk the long dis tance; being unable to raise the money in any way to defray their expen ses. It is propesed to iaise an amount sufficien opa their.way tn Raleigh' OLD TIME DOCTORS WHO BLED THIEIR PATIENTS TO CURE THE1. And the Modern i)octors Who Bleed Their Patlents' Pockers and Ronetimov Kill Tihem--Arp's teiniscences. There is an aw'ful mystery about these doe:ors. They know 5o much that com mon people don't know. When I was a child I hai profound reverence for them. Our family doctor was a three hundred-pounder, and was gruff and sbrt in his speech, and not very fond of cnildren. And yet he seemed to have a great many hid out somewhere, and was alwaysgiving them away. When ver a new child came into the family >r the neighborhood it was said that the ioctor brought it. I used to wonder hpbere be kept them. I asked my moth r once, and she said. "in Heaven may e," and Ais increased my veneration. )ur big, fat doctor had a shop-we idn't call it an office-and I used to )eep in at the door sometimes and look t his little bottles on the shelves. I ras sent there once for some licorice oct and some cinnamon bark. There ras a mysterious box standing up in the rner, a long narrow box about big bu-gb to hold an old-fashioned clock grandfather's clok-and the door was pea a little and I saw an' awful thing 2 there, a skeleton suspended from a rew in the skull. There were dark avernous holes for the eyes, and a hole >r the vose, and there were jaws with eth in them and they looked fierce and aliious. I had a little primer at 0n o, and it had pictures in it. One as a picture of a skeleton with a scythe 1 his Land and I had learned the 4 es: "Time cuts down all, t Both great and'small." s d I thought I had discovered where uis old rascal was kept hid. He was that box. It was a log time before recovered from those childish super itions. One time I had a long spell of ver,. and that old doctor bled me till fainted, and he wouldn't let me have y water, and when I got delirious I iought that he had that skeleton on his iek, and I was to be cut down with a :ytho blade. lie bled me several N mes-five little ,scars are on my arm t. Bleeding was a big thing then. ark Harding says his arm.s are just *ttooed with scars. I reckon they bled ore in Mark's day than in mine, for the der a man is the more scars he has; d Mark says he has got forty. I can 1 how ola a man is by his scars. Mark t ys that "bleeding was a good thing h d ought not to have been abolished. at tbe3e modern doctors are always d Iking about blood poison, blood poi- M o. Well, if the blood is poisoned, ti y not take it out? Bleed a man un- b he can hardly wag, and let new blood m that is not poisoned." But we lived-blood or no blood ter or no water-doctors or no doc rs. The Baptists lived and the Pres terians hved, for they say that Bap ts don't dic until their time comes, d predestination saves the Presby rians; but it isa wonder that any Meth ists were ever raised in these phleboto r days. We never had any medicine a cept castor oil and calomel, and epsom ts and jalap, and number six and t cep saffron tea, and some jawbreaking b >th pullers that were made just like t ese crowbar books that you turn over P Log wiith at a sawmill. There were a e patent medicines, like paregoric t: d Bateman's drops, and Godfroy's cor al and opedeldock that were kept in 0 0 noble science has made progress, d d I like it because it offers such a chance for a fool. We've got a y studying medicine, and are hopefula him-of course we are. His mother inks he will be a great surgeon, for he the seventh' son, and when lie was a t i our peacock got his leg broke, and was about to kill him to put the poor P ing out of misery, but Ralph beggod e to give the bird to him; and he madeu e splints out-of a big cane and fixed ri n up in a awing, and he got well; and r other time he sewed up a bad cut on VS .e of our mules; and he just loved to k out splinters or get a cinder out of b ur eye, and so we consented to his it ing a doctor, and he is attending lec es in Atlanta, and the other day I lied to see him at the college. It was i kind of recess when I got there. I is introduced to Dr. Ken drick, and hea as mighty kind and said they were at about to per form on a clinik, and vited me in. I thought that it was ne kind of electric machine, but hen I got in the room there were 125 iung doctors sitting all around on tiers seats ihat got higher and higher so i at all of them could look down on the te circular pit at the bottom--a little t< t about ten feet across and looped e e it was built to fight chickens in. I ard that the boys did fight chickens r ere, on the sly, sometimses. The clinik t as a revolving table that had a cot on and was placed in the middle of the t. Dr. Kendrick went in first and I e llowed along with a sick white man id two sick darkies. All of a sudden Le young doctors commenced cheering dso 1 took a cheer and sat dowi. I iat know wrhether they were cheering ue professor or the sick men. 1 rose for ard and took another cheer and they ered again. The professor then in oduced me to the audience and I came 1 a perpendicular attitude, and they eered again and again and I took my hoeer. After this little episode was ver the professor aked one of the arkies what was the matter with him d he said he didn't havt breath enough -he was short of breath, he couldn't walk ten steps and his heart went like kittle drum. So the professor thump : on him and put his ear to his left reast and began to ask the young doc or's questions about diseases of the eart, and they seemed to know right nart. One said the heart had two cats to the bar, and another said the cart had two oracles and two ventrilo 1uists, and another said the reason the larkey was short of breath was because e didn't have enough of it, and another aid the valvus were out of order, and nother thought that the clavicles of the bernum were contracted, but a knowing oung man said there was not enough uxygen in his blood. I noticed that r'en a young man hesitsted and got hings mixed, the professor was very ind and helped him along just like ~r. Waddell used to help us boys along n Latin when we were in college. Quidam is a pronoun, is it not Mr. Tones" "Yes, sir." "Well, quidem is what? an adverb, is it not?" "Yes, sir; res, sir. Quidam is an pronoun and juidem is an adverb." "Correct, Mr. ones." And Mr. Jones thought he had done rionders until his report camne out and he was put down 46 in Latin. "Well what is the remedy for that," said the] prfesr. If his blood lacks oxygen hoW can oxygen be supplied? "(ive Mlm a tonic, sir," said a young man with a bad cold, an iron doni,;." Then the I hook-keeper wrote a prescription. Good gracious, thought I, has that darkey got to eat a whole donic. A donic is a lump of irox as big as a wa ter pail. But maybe he is not to eat it, but is to handle it. Maybe he is to dig in the mines. It does make a man Ftrong to dig up drnics in the mines. It is like swinging a pair of dumbbells to get strong. But our boy told me afterwards that it was not a donic but I a tonic. I wish that I knew as much i about the human frame as Dr. Ken drick knows, He put a little glass quill in the other darkey's mouth, and when he took it out and looked at it, he told the young doctors all about his r disease and how it came and what c must be done for him; and then he a began on the white man and asked t him what was the matter, and the 9 man pulled up the leg or his pants a and showed an awful case of big leg, and the Dr. said something about an elephant, and told him that he had P come the wrong day, and belonged to Dr. Westmoreland's clinik. Poor fel- s low, thought I, you are gone up. Dr. i Westmoreland will cut that leg off in ten minutes and smile. Next I was invited into the dissecting room. Tes, Iwas invited, and the big fat,1t black janitor who steals all the stiffs 3pened the door, but I didn't go in. [ saw enough, and one whiff of the adoriferous atmosphere satisfied me, ] nd I departed those coasts. The oung doctors laughed at me tumul- w uously. There were ten tables in bi here, and a cadaver on every table, nd some of them were split in two, l Lnd some dismembered, and there k' vere arms and legs hanging about on he walls and from some all the erves had been taken out like a bun- Ot le of string, and from some all the 01 nuscles had been taken out. And here were backbones, and haslets, and T] pare ribs, just like you see at a hog tilling time. And all this is to teach he doctors anatomy, and it is all right, nd if a man has any genius at all it At loes look like he ought to know how ' o treat a disease, and what to do for th very wound that humanity is liable cii o. Those 125 doctors seem to be in de arnest, and some of them will make ca heir mark. Our boy came home the ther day and had a darkey's ear ret rrapped up In his pocket, and wanted se< o tell his mother all about its anato- laI y. For a minute she didn't under- lot tad what it was, and asked him in W mazement if he had got to chewing Ca bacco. He said, "Why no; this is ot tobacco, this is a darkey's ear. She Cx ose forward and then backward and ca, ras more indignant than when I had liv at mole in the sugar dish. Ralph rid ad to leave the room and hide out sh: e ear, and she wouldn't let him eat gri inner until he had washed his hands ' ith lye soap and cologne two or three en mes. But still she is proud of that po: y, and tells how he used to speak a >eech, and say: "Friends, Romans, m )untrymen; lend me your ears." "Lit- ha< e did I think," said she, "that he pih -ould some day go about cutting them to tr from dead negroes." bit BILL ARP. . ViE A New Era Agriculture. blf There are hints that a revolution is thi bout to come in agriculture through 1e discovery that the free nitrogen of we 1e atmosphere is absorbed and "tixed" y the soil itself under suitable condi- an ons. Plants need phosphoric acid, las tash and nitroven. The first two ed ce in reach, but tlie third has been r8, upposed to be elusive. It has been hi e general teaching that the nitrogen lar the atmosphere plays no part in lit egetation. Now M. Berthelot and far thers affirm that it does. They have wI emonstrated, they say, that the free wvl itrogena of the atmosphere is "fixed" 10. ad made available as a fertilizer 'by di e co-operation of mineral matter and sel living organisms in the soil." The thi ct explains, it is said, why it is "(1) Su iat spade husbandry is much more cit: roductive than plowing; (2) that laud kn n be enriched by simply plowing fox der its own product, and (3) that immer following, with frequent stir- I I ng, actually enriches the soil." Pul- wI erization of the soil Increases, it thi sems, its capacity to absorb nitrogen. so( he method of centrifugal tillage now so< eing developed in the West supplies, nia is claimed, an ideal modus operandi cr< >r the new fertilization. It pulverizes olt ie soil and aerates it in the manipu- fox tion, and then confines a mass of air an its midst for the slower process of mi bsorption and digestion by earth and ha lants.-Baltimore Sun, dr _____pe: - - the Raw Oystern Self-Digestive. he; "Forthergill on Indigestion," in me eaking of the oyster being esten hab. Co ually and by reference in the raw or ncocked state says: "It is interesting kdow that there is a sound physi- wc logical reason at the bottom of this tal reference. The fawn-colored mass tel rhich constitutes the dainty of the oys- Cs er is its liver, and this is little less than go mass of glycogen assoelated with the lycogen, but withheld from actual .su ontact with it during life, is its an ropriate digestive ferment-the heps- a ic diastace. The mere crushmng be- .lex ween the teeth brings these two bodies :wI ogether, and the glycogen is at once th igested, without other help, by its own iastace. The oyster in the uncooked tate, are mercly warmed, is, in fact, elf-digestive. But :oe advantage of t his provision is wholly lost by cooking, or the heat employed immediately de troys the associated ferment, and a :ooked oyster has to be digested like ny other food, by the eater's own di-T estive powers.-Hiall's Journal 01 -Iealth.d it A Youthful Burglar. o CnRLOTTF, N. 0., Jan. 25.--Johnny * ittle. a lad tif teen years old, has been irrested at Beaver Dam, Union County harged with burglary, and the little e ellow (he is small for his age) confessed o having raided "a few houses," with 04 pistol and bowie-koife in hand. Won arrested, these two articles wore fondr on his person, as was also a bunch of false keys. Johncy had recently been on a visit to Stanly County, and while. there the residence and store of David ' Foren wan burglarized and some $200 in cash disappeared. Johuny confeszed that he made the raid. lHe ii now ini jail at Albenmarle. The lad is an orphana and on this account much sympathy is a expressed for himn, Ie comes fromn a r good family.r Fultal Sciler Explosion* c ScEANToN, Pa., Jan. 22.-The en gines and boiler houses of the Mount t Jesup Coal Company, were blown to s pieces this morning by the exrlosion ( of our of the boilers. Firemen Muz a le, of Aichibald, was instantly killed, t and several German laborers fatally injured. The buildings caught tire an ere totally destroyed.C i3LOU INTO ETERNIB THE TERRIBLE FATE OF FIVI RAILROAD LABORERS. A Cigarette C.rele:sur 1AZIeled EXPlOae, a .barue. Kills Five Menu and Woums 11 JDozenz Others-Terrifc Effects of the Fx. plemlon. CHARLOTTE, N. C., Jan., 23.-News s received here today of a fatal ex - )losion in Wilkes county, yesteray, n which five men were killed and a lozen wounded. A squad of raiiroad Lands were working on an extension ,f the Cape Fear & Yadkin Valley ailroad, in the lower portion of that ounty. They were preparing to i ake heavy blast, which was expected to ar up a big rock in a twenty foot ut. A tremendous ho!o had been riven in the rcek, and two kegs o.' ynamite had be-n p:acked into it. Ceorze HTeiidiy a laorer, was pre aring to adjust thie fuse, at the same :ne smoking a cigarette from whicoh s >ark accidentally dropped in and red off the powder. It was all donc an instant and no one had time to cape. The explosion roared like a zcn cannons and not only burst up e big rock but also tore up fifteeni et of the deep cut.. Five unfortunate workmen were ut whirling into the air, riding on rge pieces of the broken rock. ong the flying earth, a dozen others are knocked about and partially ried under the falling dirt. When the smoke of the blast cleared 'ay it was found that live had been led, as follows: George Hendly, .muel Culls, Thomas Emery, Joseph dls and Eugene Moore. Twelve ers were more or less wounded but ly three very seriously. 1EY MADE IT WARM FOR HIM. e Tonah Experience of a Claimant for (eorgIa Lauds. anta Journal. rhe Journal has already published a fact that Western men are lay ng im to large tracts of land in Cam a County, and had gone there to lo e their property. %r. Peck, one of the claimants, has urned from his jaunt. He es n by a Brunswick Times rawoerer 1 t night, and the old gentleman ws king exceedingly wan and pa 'en questioned about his trip tj 1 mden, Mr. Peck said: 'Oh, never let me hear the name of mien again. I feel as if I had es >ed a most horrible death and if I e to board the train tonight and e safely out of Southern Georgia I th feel exceedingly thankful and atli relieved." 'Why, did you have a tough experi e in Camden?" questioned the re *ter. Tough doesn't express it. Why n, if I had even intimated that I I come to claim my land those pec would have cut m'e up and fed :ne <_ the hogs. Yon do*'t know how er they feel against anybody who its the count-oithb even the;bade L of a claim. They have been trou d so much they suspect strangers first time they lay eyes on them." 'What did they do to you when you nt over." Vell, it was like thiis: Mr. Brown I I reached Camden about neon t Monday. In the meantime I shcw- E Mr. Brown my claims to about I 00 acres in the County, and I told t a I expected him to point out those ids and resurvey them. We took ner with a good old substantial mer, and induced him to go alon th us. Pretty soon he discove e( .at we were up to and the old :el r got too wrathy to see. He imme tely left us and carried the news to eral neighbore, andi in less time n an hour Mr. Brown and I were I -rounded by at le-.st a half dozen izens, and one otrihm: wanted to ow who I was and what I had come 'I gave him my name and told him ad merely come to find some land, ich I owned in the county, and t I intended to sell my claim as n as a survey could be made. No ner did I finish making this expla ~ion than the spokesman for the wd cried out: 'That's a brother to j tPrimrose, who came here about y years ago to cheat us out of house I home.' I insisted that they were stakenand that I intended them no rm. At that juncture the crowd1 w ofl to one side and held a whis- 1 ced consultation. Pretty soon y came back and told me it wasn't lthy for me in Camden and advised1 to take the nearest route out of the: unty limits. And you took their advice?" 'Well, I thought they meant every .rd of it, and I made haste to e the first boat for Brunswick. I 1 ou, it won't do to fool with these m~den County people. I wouldn' t back there for half the County.'' 'What became of Mr. Brown, the ~veor?" 'le was in jeopardy when I last v him. They thought he was in ~gue with me to defradd them, avd I idn't be at all surprised if he pays penalty with his neck." A Split in the W. C. T. U. PmLaDELFrmA January 24.-At last ere is a break in the ranks of the omen's Christian Temperance Union Pennsylvania, and the secodears have, ricd an independent organization. 1e split was determined upon at a con rence of the body today. The break is brought about by the frequent en rsement of the Prohibition party anc ;metods by a number of the members I the Women's Christian Temperance nion. Immediatelv after the devotional ex cies the President's address was read, hich began by stating that "differences opinion in methods of work and the : t manner of accomplishing prscticr1 SUITS have, duiring the last fewyears 1:. S Stsate, grown rapidly, and are now cospcuous that harmoniouls co-oper ion, among toose who have sincerely d conscientiously differed, is mac: :stly impossible. An actual separatio-1 ema to be a practical, wise neccssti; the labors of very many good wome e to be continued and used effectively ;ainst the common enemy." Mrs. Shepard presentnd the Secreta s report, which spoke in bitter terms p artisan miethods. It charged that e operations of the politicians were oncealed behind it. Mrs Weeks offered a resolution that cc meeting proceed to organize a non ctarian and rnonp)rtisan Wo'r ' :ristian Temperance~ Union. Ths s'-t reed to. A comnvr'.e rn constitu ion was appointed. --All the minit:e of the new Spanial mae are free traders. 1ai1an ;-ever. whiske-y and Indolence lead to Sufferina. icn ithe N.:w Yt-rk Herald. The tir4 li:t'k hark Liberia has ar ived at Lhe Empire Stores, Brooklyn, afler an qxcellent passage of thirty- five a fror fLiberia, Africa. There are bc. bard some American colonists who I ae glad to return, and a cargo which inclu-les palm oil, coffee and hides, I z .; a. aortment of parrots, monkeys I -.,d ;naks. According to the ac Scu1- - Mate Matterson, of the bark, and othe-: on board the vessel the e11diao of the colony of American r -~g-ccs hich was estab:ished years ' z:: Li'hrria is lamentable. It ap p'-ars, in iiict, that the experiment of African c.olonies for colored people fiom the Uoited States has proved a farhuie. :dr. Matterson said: "There i. scarcely a single American negicom Liberia that is not longing to rcuarn to the United States, but with e e::cegns, they will never have -e wan to do so.YAs a rule all who c!n are having. The scheme isa mis ts a-. Tl'ey are all right so long as the Enagration Society feeds them, which it does for six months. During this time they sleep and eat and enjoy them srves, but when thrown on their own re-3ources Lheir condition is pitiable. They live on potato peelings, banana !ins-on anything, in fact-and their laziness is beyond description. "There is no currency in the coun try. There are all the forms of govern ment-President, Senate and so on but that is all. The fact 'is the negro will not work. All work is done by the coast natives, or Kroo men, who are hardy and industrious. TOO LAZY TO WOBK. "The country is fertile if it receives any care; the missionaries grow very fitir coffee, bananas and sweet potatoes, and rice and cassada grow freely if the ground is only scratched, but the American negroes won't scratch it. It rains for half the year in torrents, and theL the -heat sends up poisonous fever. owever, most of the whites who go here help the fever nobly ;by drink ng liquor, which is fatal when taken n excess. Mrs. Dr. Huebler is in the abin. Her husband, a missionary, lied there last October- Poor lady, ihe has had a hard time of It. She has >ern down t wi-e with the fever, and e. little P'irl has been ill with it too." I saw ;U- s. Iiuebler, a handsome, in ellectual :..i'ing lady, accompanied >y a litle jiden-haired girl about 7 , rs oid. Her pale face bore sad tes in.orn; !o her Liberian experierces. t.3. ie r said: *We belog to Springfield, Ohio. Ty husbnt d was a physician and a nisionary. He went to Liberia about w.> years aigo. and I joined him there s. year. My husband died of fever u Oetober, and my little girl and my el; have been il) nearly all the time, ni I am no 4 returning home to my ' What d. I think of the prospects >f h olhu- ? I think the colonists V aed 1 -e to return here if they :o - . They are too lazy to wor*; : '.e-myand intdepend 'n...Wx. I o thr x in to stand the climate any ".e ~ than the whites. I believe hegrote who settled in Basau, a lit Le w-ly in :he interior, have nearly all ied. HOW THE NATIVES LIVE. Mo.~andy David A. Day has a clo l and farm called the Muhlen serg 'ssi-. This .is about thirty. w.s n.esu the St. Paul's River, where or te eight ~or nine native children are ed and tacght. The Kroos are intel igent. TLey wear no clothes usually; iu' when they come to the mison h y must dio so as a necessary .condi-' ion. They are wonderfully sharp at >ar aisirg, and you cannot get an egg rem tiiem for less than two cents. '~ose tribes which live in the bush .ro diderex: from the Kroos. They eat '.be.nhey can get it, lie down and le9[', no matter where; wear no clothes 2..y bas e aay houses, and you ..id wonder what they want money 'r-but they do, just the same. "T.h'~re are 'no cattle of any kind, o- do I th iuh cattle would live there. he heat is itense after the fearful ni 23, and then comes the fever. Africa, oever, I believe, will be a great ontry' so-noe day, but the average rerican negro will not succeed there.. 'i. e are a few families, however, hat have done well." A Mrs. Massey and her son were on ~oad the vessel. They are returning o South Carolina. They have been hree years in Liberia and have had mogh of it. "Nearly all who are here would follow their example if hey only had the means," said Mrs. iebler, "but they never will." BOYs SEN'T HERE FOR EDUCATION. Four black-eyed and very dark-skin ied little natives of Africa were taken .o Castle Garden from the Liberia yes srday by Inspectors Whitlock and ichler. They were sent here en route to Nashville, Tenn., where fhey are to be educated by Eirs. Sharp, a Mehodist missionary, who has spent ome years among various African ribes. The boys were dressed in neat jack ets, flannel shirt, and knee breeches, woollen stockings and leather gaiters. T ares of ihemi wore wollen campaign et. p-s, en i .wo of which appeared the w'd. "H''rison and Morton." The tird wie" "Cleveland" cap. They cu'd all s~eak English, and Deema, ti eeldest 1n., 15 years old, who had b e a'm d Benjamin Payne at the 2i'i. a-i his father was chief of t e tri b' to v. hich he belonged. The o he:r n s were Frank Payne, 13 y '-ar-:*Giloer: Haven, 8, ad Harold X cod, I0 Lenjamin said they were n't reltai to one another, but repre s: uted th-''e :iferent tribes. He show e i 'ete 'from Mrs. Sharp addressed t rs. E. M. Dodge, No. 1,345 Bed ,r ae .Brooklen, who was tele -g hei- come to the Garden. She 'i see '....the boys a sent to Nash v oe. Tir baggage consists of two t: ur k . 0;hests, and two hand bags. Ibey egr ect to return to Africa when t Idr e tion is complete. :., can't se -roo Caref=l. i Ehea:i-larrison won't invite Reed and Ruai to the White House at the saatim . 'h y ray he's afraid the Prohibi t *r ald jump on him for having o.:mdg~~ Jerry at a White House re cptior." - -..A. re, is now current on what I rea- edas trustworthy authority, hat the Prince of Wales is to revisit uaic~'-a :.ext spring, accompanied by : ' Pro --s of Wales, and perhaps his .~ lle taken by advice of his hl e: s for the benetit of his health, x wi.ic~ude New York State and C d. The party will travel incog nto.