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VOL. V. MANNING. ('L,1i\IN)(1\ ('UN;TV. S. ('., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27 89 o5 THE RACE QUESTION. A STRIKING VIEW BY A REPRESEN TATiVE COLORED SOUTHERNER. Whn the Colored Man Should Do for lit. Oiwn A dvancements.--The Need of Better educational Opportunities. vitlh a Little i.C%of Political Agitation. To the Editor of the World: While the situation at the South may not be al .-ether such as we would wish, there is o:tthing in it that could possibly justify retaliatory measures advised by a :theri.g of colored preachers at Wash bg:on, D. C., on October 20th. There e always two sides to a question, and um-:il the colored race learns by bard and i experience where their true interests Sie there will.be unneecssary local trouble and disturbances in every Southern State between the two races, and no power under the sun can by force prevent it. The situation down here needs no so lution, for it is not a problem. There is nothing wrapped up in mystery, nor is there an unknown something to be found in order to solve the question of our present surroundings. The most igno rant, as well as the most intelligent, un derstand the situation perfectly, and each elenient seems determined to pursue its own line of policy as the surest means of keeping up a disturbed condition of affairs in these States. There are three distinct causes of ir ritation and disturbance at the South. These arc political, social .and moral, and the first is a greater source of evil, than all the others combined. There can be no satisfactory adjustment, no per manent peace between the races at the South, until the negro abandons politics and bids farewell to political glory in these States. A persistent effort on the part of the negro to attain that which he never can attain will inevitably lead to a conflict the horrors of which are unimaginable. It is a foregone conclusion that the col ored element can never be ome a ruling class in any of these South n States, no matter how much they may predominate in numbers in white communities. Every political leader of the race knows this to be an undeniable fact. It is this relent. less persistency on the part of the one race to be, and the relentless persistency on the part of the other to prevent it from being-and prevent it they will at all cost-that causes all the trouble. Iti is no use to deny these facts; it would rather be wise if we would recognize them in time to avert the evils that must follow every futile attempt in that direc tion. Is is unreasonable for the people of the North to expect that of the people of the South which they themselves do not ac cord the negro. I say it is unreasonable for any people to expect the wealth, in telligence and refinement of a community to yield passive obedience and become submissive to the domination of its ig norant and more illiterate class, and so long as there is a persistency in this di rection, encouraged by unprincipled poli icians for sinister motives, so long will ere be serious conflicts between the o elements. I repeat again as my hon nviction that the negre must abandon olitics for a time and strip himself of 11 delusive and visionary ideas of politi al honor and perferment in these States and turn his attention to those industri al pursuits that mark the prosperity and progressiveness of every otner race around him. There is no prejudice hele against the negro in pursuing his own substan tial happiness in any legitimate calling. There is no avenue or industry shut against him in the South. There is no desire on the part of the people to keep him down, but they have rather, in every astance, shown a sympathy and feeling that onght to be commended. Those fanatical leaders pretended preachers and politicians up Northhrho are trying to incite a conflict between the races by advising retaliatory measures against outrages in the South are of all men the greatest enemies of the colored race. For the few crumbs that fall from the administration table they seem to be wil ling to damn the whole negro race. It is one thing to sit up North and howl for blood and attempt to incite crime and murder. but it is quite another thing to egine down here and inaugurate the proceedings they advise. Whatever may be the disadvantages under which the negroes labor in these Southern States they are brought about by natural causes, and can never, po, never, be remedied by force. These dis advantages, so often spoken of. are in fact more imaginary tilan real. I would venture to say there are fifty advantages in favor of the race becoming prosperous and happy where there is one to their detriment. Outside of polities disadvan tage does the colored man labor under in these States? I defy any man to show me a single unreasonable disadvantage he is subjiected to throughout the broad extent of thi3 Southern land that any other people would not be subjected to who keeps themselves poor and depen dent upon a more progressive and; thrifty race. Show me a honest, upright, indus trious. colored man in any Southern comn muni.ty and I will show you a man who has no complaints to make as to his treatmerit in that commnunity. No colored man can say truthfully that he is preven ted and debarred from entering into any legitimate business that a white may en gage in, on account of his race or color. On the contrary, thousands are assisted and encouraged in every honest calling they have ever put their hands to. The field is before them, and in common they have the same chances and oppor tunities. through frugality, patient in dstry and economy, to become prosper ous and happy that their white neigh bors have. In all the Southern States there has been every effort made for the colored man's improvemerat and advancement to a higher plane of citizenship. Public schools are open in every school district in every county for him and his chil dren's benefit, the expense of which is borne by another race without a murmur. The whitest freely eive to all religrious and charitable undertakings; public charity is never denied to any one deserving it. No colored person is absolutely excluded .from .any place of amusement if he or tey desire to attend and occupy the places assigned them. On ev.ery street raiway in every Southern city the col ored man is freely admitted without any objections. Railroad camnpanies, from he PotomiSc to the Rio Grande, have ied in every possible way to satisfy the .o conflicting elements by placing first scoacbes upon their lines for the ial accommlodatiop of these two dia classes1 giving each the same advan f time, &c., but because there is:'a mistnctiani made in this arrange ment, and because the colored man, it. seems, is not allowed to sit where he is annoyed and looked upon with contempt, he is restless, peevish, and sometimes mourns, and is very unhappy. It is this restlessness and discontent ment and a longing desire to force that which he never can force, from which springs all the social trouble between these two elements at the South. Let the colored man turn from all of his imagin ary social happiness of mingling with another race of people, who show in every a conceivable wy that they do not wish his company and get to work earnestly in acquiring the more permanent and sub stantial things of life, and the great t problem is at once solved. The colored people want new teachers down here teachers and leaders who will point out and instruct them in the way of peace, prosperity and happiness; teachers who will disabuse their minds of this political vanity, farce and humbug that are fast leading them blindfolded into an indo lent shiftlessness, the result of which is now being manifested by every criminal D court's record. And now, in the name j of humanity, I ask those who are stand ing at a convenient distance to desist from their diabolical attempt to incite a defenceless people to undertake their own destrcction. John T. Shuften. Orlando, Fla., V An English Opinion. The Londou Spectator, October 26, has an article on the relations of the "Whites and Blacks in America," based on statements by the New York corres pondent of the Manchester Examiner, showing that not oniy are "Southern ! outrages" perpetrated on the negro, but that in the Northern and Western States equal social rights are denied the blacks {f by the whitess. The Fred Douglass in-' cident connected with the navy is given a as an example of the feeling of the coun ty. Boston retail dealers are instanced as having refused to employ colored as- b sintants in their shops; Christian asso ciations and congregations as refusing negroes membership; President Harrison as having dismissed black servants from se the White House; Chicago laborers as j opposing the employment of negroes, rT and New York Irishmen as boycotting , them. The Spectator says in this con nection: "The gentlemen from Cork it will brook no interference or competition tl on the part of the 'nigger.' Many in stances are cited in the Western States where negroes have been denied the or dinary privileges of every-day life in t< restaurants and shops and hotels." And re the articles go on to cite evidences of an f intention to expel and exterminate - the race. A Georgia Senator is quoted as si having said: "There is no room in this at country for the negro and the Yankee. T care not what - course the courts ma; tl take. But when the white man strikes ra for home and fireside I am with him." st Gen. Sherman is quoted as having ex pressed himself ar. a Cincinnati meeting re of the G. A. R. as "prepared to admit fa the disfranchisement of the negro, pro vided that the congressional representa tion of the South was reduced in propor tion to the number of colored persons de prived of the vote." p On these statements the Spectator says: ra "Though at first sight the expresions of fir such opinions by Northerners may seem an incomprehensible, we trust that the En- si glishmen will not run away with the no tion that the Northern advocates of dis- re enfranchisement mnst necessarily be go- be ing back from their old principles. In a the first place, it must be remembered on that the Northerners did not fight to give tc the blacks the vote, but to save the b4 Union and put an end to slavery, sana cl with it the domination of a slave ownmng g< slave-breeding slave-driving aristocracy.' si If the abolitionists had been allowed to bi free the blacks by peaceful means, they tt would almost certainly, as in the case of h: the Indians and Chinease, have refused bi the them franchise. The result of the e1 conferring of the full citizenship on the pi blacks has shown that this policy would y: have been the true one. In the South- it erm States the negroes have, as a rule been practically deprived of all political as power and are the mere tools in the n< ands of the whites." The Spectator con- fr ludes tnat the whole question bristles Tl with difficulties, but expresses confidence w that the trouble will be weathered because be the people of the United States are En- of gishmen and do not suCCumb to any political troubles however great. In justice to the American people, the Spec tatorsays that while outrages and lynch- of ings of negroes are abominable and not se to be condoned, "we must not forget at that in many parts of the South no white te woman can go out alone without a re- of volver." Tbe Spectator concludes the Si article as follows: "Unquestionably a th portion of tbe negroes of the Gulf States th are still licentious savages, not yet eman- re cipated from the hi eous abominations oi of the Obeah, nor from the persistent h4 inclination towards evil always existing tt in uncivilized mankind. If we lived it within sight, as it were, of a population It whose grandparents were Guinea svages, t' we should find it no easy task to think p and act calmly and justly in regard to re the negroes." w riat Daizell Saymlis Say -'n ramused to see how the able b4 edito el xplain the rece.nt Republican se disasters and leave Hamlet out of the d~ play. Why, bless their fool souls, the soldiers made the Republican party ! They did it, they did it all. It is all there is, ever will or can be of the Re- A pubican party. When they fight with it, victory perches on its banner, always. When they stand off, are indifferent, or d in opposition, it goes down in defeat as : this year. That is the whole of it, They were mad as wet hens over the Tan ner business. They sullted in their tents. They defeated us. The soldiers -did it g all! It was a rebuke to the administra- s tion for turning out. Tanner and rever sing his liberal policy. This was the b soldier way of resenting it. The Presi- g dent sees it clearly now. And it was not half so emphatic as it will be next year, , the boys get $2 and $4 pensions, and reratings and increase are stopped. Put that down, and remember I predicted it a I predicted all this last summer. I will ti tell you how I knew-the boys all told me so. I was not guessing. I was re- e peating a fact. I knew how they felt, and I knew their power in politics-cas ting over 5,000,000 votes as they and their households do. Whosoever of- t fends them had better be in torment. t Yours, Private Daizell. "Cald well, 0., Nov. 8. "P. S.-The soldiers are watching. t They will double this defeat next year t unless that surplus is shoveled out per t contract."f -Henry Hill an aged planter near C Grey Court, Laurens county, was fa, 5 tally stabbed while endeavoring to e quiet a number of negroes who were t fighting among themselves en his farm t after having become intoxicated by c whiskey obtained from an illicit still in the neighborhood. The ne groes also set upon and beat two 1. white constables who were sent to 1 quell the disturbance. One of the 9 coantables is fatally hurt 1 FIlE ALLIANCE AND THE KNIGHTS Gigantic Confederation of Labor 'ropo ed at Atlanta. ATLANTA, Ga., Nov. 19.-The com nittee on law resumed its report imme liately after the convention was called to rder and continued until the hour ar ived when Col. L. J. Livingston, Presi lent of the Farmers Alliance, was to be eceived. A committee was appointed o escort the representative of the far ners to the hall and when they returned bey had with them besiecs Colonel Liv ogston, Judge Henderson, commission r of Agriculture, R. E. Gray, Editor of he National Economist and Darry Brown ditor of the Georgia Farmer. Colonel .ivingston was received with immense pplause. He said that other work had revented his studying the object of the [nights of Labor, but he felt sure that rhen the convention met at St. Louis, )ecember 3rd, a confederation would be ormed and he also felt sure that it would e equally beneficent to both orders. In laster Work-man Powderly's reply, he banked God for the day, and said: 'When toe farmers and mechanics hould stand side by side, and work for be same object had always been the ream of his life." The entire meeting ras most enthusiastic, and every mention f the confederation of the two orders ras met with thundering applause. Ten Good Things to Know. 1. That salt will curdle new milk; ence in preparing milk porridge, gra ies, etc., the salt should not be added ntil the dish is prepared. 2. That clear boiling water will re love tea stains and many fruit stains. our the water through the stain, and )us prevent its spreading over the bric. 3. That ripe tomatoes will remove ink ud other stains from white cloth; also -om the hands. 4. That a tablespoonful of turpentine oiled with white clothes will aid the hitening process. 5. That boiled starch is much im roved by the addition of a little sperm, aIt or gum arabic dissolved. 6. That beeswax and salt will make asty flat-irons as clean and smooth as lass. Tie a lump of wax in a rag and sep it for that- purpose. When the ons are hot, rub them first with a rag. fen scour with a paper or cloth sprinkled ith salt. 7. That blue ointment and, kerosene ixed in equal proportions and applied the bedsteads is an unfailing bedbug medy, as a coat of whitewash is lor; alts of a log house. 8. That kerosene will soften boots or oes that have been hardened by water, d render them as pliable as new. 9. That kerosene will make tin teaket s as bright as new. Saturate a woolen g and rub with it. It will also remove; ains from varnished furniture. 10. That cool rain water and soda will move machine grease from washable brics. -The Sanitarian. Out of Debt at Last. Greenville News. Thebest indication of the South's pros rity is the fact that her farmers are pidly gaining a state of independence om indebtedness and are more cheerful id light-hearted this year than any year ace the war. A well known merchant said to a News porter yesterday: "I wish you had en at my store a few nights ago when joung man to whom Iiave sold goods credit for over five years walked in my store, paid for what he had ught the last year and said with a cerfulness that really made me feel od, 'I am out debt for the first time ace the war. I have just sold seven les of cotton. What I realized from at clears me of everything, and at me I have nine more bales that will ng enough for me to pay cash for erything Iuse next year. I expect to t sev ten ants on my place next ar asif anything is bought on credit will be for them and not for myself. The young man is thirty-four years of e and with the future before him it is t to be wondered at that he felt like a se man and an independent American. ie merchant told the reporter that he is glad to say that such things were coming frequent, and it was a sure sign the South's advancement. The Beaufort School L.-nds. The annual report of the commissioner internal revenue, referring to the bool farms in Beaufort County, S. C., ites that the Act of March 2, 1889, ex aded the time for the redamption of school farms owned by the United ates, by virtue of proceedings under e direct tax laws, for one year from e passage of the Act. There have been leased up to the present time to the iginal owners of these lands or their irs at law,.devisees or grantees under e provisions of the Act of March 3, 87 as amended by the Act of March 2, 89, 2, 439 61-100 acres, included in enty-one different releases. The amount1 id to redeem these lands, including the fund of surplus proceds already paid, is $796 17. After the expiration of1 e time allowed for redemption it will1 the duty of the commissioner to 11, at public auction, the lands no re ~emed. THE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL. Bloodless Revolution, !Domn Pedro Sails A way to Europ< The State department has received spatches confirming the press reports the revolution in Brazil. It was oodless on account of the junction the army and navy, and all provin sbut one, Bahia, are favorable to e new Republic, with Gen. de Fon ca as President. Emperor Dom edro was warned to leave Rio in 121 ours, which he did, and the new >vernment agrees to continue the mperor's revenue in Europe. This eaceful revolution removes the last Lonarchy from the western hemis here. Dom Pedro accepted his fate if he had expected it for some me. A similar republican revolution is cpected in Portugal. Good News for Newberry. In the Lutheran Synod at Wilming >n, N. C., the report on the location of a proposed TLjbeological Seminary was resented by Dr. Brown. Two proposi ons were submitted-one for its loca on at Newberry, South Carolina. bys Lie South Carolina Synod and another y the Southwestern Virginia Synod voring Salem, Va. The provisional ffer of the South Carolina Synod was ccepted. The Rev. W. E. Hubbert was leeted chairman of the board of educa ion and Dr. W. S. Bowman chairman of be committee to nominate a board of irectors. -Jim Young, colored, was killed t Prosperity on Tuesday by becom ag entangled in the shafting of Mr. .A; Boland's cotton gin. Death was muatananotB BIBLE STATISTICS Interesting Facts Gleaned From the Old A and New Textamenst. After the bishops' translation of 1568 1589, nothing further in that line waI a' complishcd until 1609-1610, when tha Roman Catholics brought out the Dna.) L Bible, so called because it was printed at n a city of that name. A year later, in a 1611, the English press issued the King i James revision. The translation of 1611 has remained n the standard up even to this day, not- o withstanding the recent revision. the t: merit of which rests almost wholly on li the fact that "hell" was changed to e "hades." The Bible of to-day (Old Testament) contains 39 books. 929 chapters, 23,214 e verses, 592,439 words and 2,833,100 let- t< ters. t The New Testament has 27 l ok r70 f, chapters, 7,967 verses, 132,253 wo ds o and 933,380 letters. t I speaking of the Bible it is generally lE understood that we mean the two books, the Old and the New Testament, which, taken collectively, have 66 books, 1,199 , chapters, 31,173 verses, 773,692 words o and 3,566,480 letters. o The word Lord, or its equivalent, Je- si hovab, occurs 7,698 times in the Old , Testament; or, to be more exact, the cl word Lord occurs 1,853 times, and the 5s word Jehovah 5.845 times. t1 The Apocrypha (rejected by the Coun- 01 cil of 4ice as uninspired, but sometimes 5t bound with the inspired portions) con- n tains 14 books ,183 chapters, 15,081 ver ses and 153,184 words. b; The shortest chapter in the Bible, and at which is also the middle chapter, is st Psalm 117. The middle verse is Psal m c xviii,S. d The shortest verse in the Old Testa ment I Chronicles i, 25; shortest it New T'estament is John xi, 35. The ninth verse of the eighth chapter of Esther is the longest verse in the en tc tire ;work. b The word "and" occurs 35,543 times - in the Old Testament and the word "re- t verend" but once.. t Most commentators, in fact all that t the writer has ever consulted, say that' the word "girl" is to be found but once between the first chapter of Genesis and the last chapter of Malichi-in the third verse of the third chapter of Joel. This, however, is a mistake, which can be proven by turning to the fifth verse of the eighth chapter of Zachariah. cc Four verses of the 107th Psalm-the se Ste, 15th 21st an-i 31st-are exactly B alike, and the 30th chapter of Isaiah to and the 19th chapter of II Kings are be like. The above curious facts in regard to Ci the number of chapters. verses, words at and letters in the Holy Book were trscer- fiC tained by the Prince of Granada, heir to ac the Spanish Throne, who was for thirty- at three years a prisoner in the Palace of Skulls, Madrid, with no companion ex- m cept his Bible, which he faithfully be perused and dissected for the, benefit o m more fortunate humanity. vi After a great deal of laborious re- ch search I am enabled to give the follow- ca ing explanations of obscure Bible pt terms: fr The cubit, according to Sir Isaac New- I ton, was 20,625 English inches. A finger's breadth was 1 inch. it A span was 8 inches. A sheckel of silver was about 49 cents dc of our United States money. ag A shekel of gold was $8.09. to The talent of gold was $13,809. in The talent of silver was $516,32. wl The mite was about a licents. CC The gerham 1 cent. m The farthing 3 cents. In The weights and measures of. the same hc ood old days were: all The nehpa contained 7 gallons and 5 wl ints.b The homer 75 gallons and 5 pints. co The omer 6 pints. d The bath was the same as the nepha. ha he hin was 1 gallon and 2 pints. The Of rkin 7 pints and the cups 3 pints. it There are nine books and -one psalm pe entioned in the Bible which are now co lst to'the world. th The book of Jasher, mentioned in 50s oshua x, 12, and II Samuel i, 18. The book of Iddo, the Seer, to which eference is made twice in II Chronicles in ix, 29 and xii. 15. The prophesies of Ahijah. See II Pr bronicles x, 29, T The book of Nathan, thn Prophet. See s above. Book of Shemaiah, mentioned in II c'lt bronicies xii, 15. w Book of Jehu. See II Chronicles fet t, 34. eli Solomon's five books on naturnl history. qu ee II Kings iv, 31-35. to The Prophecy of Enoch. Sa asi ude, 14. wC The book of the wars of the Lord. Seu of ~iumbers xxi, 14. The psalm mentioneji th: 2 several places but not found in thy\ bs ible is the 151st. ICO There are many other curious facts in|Sti egard to the Bib~le that would interest Sta be reader, space forbids -fruther refer- lis ace to them here. Enough has been jou taid to convince anyone of an inquiring jCu urn of mind that the old Bible is not IwC be dryest book in the world after all. -John Wright in St. Louis Repun- its Slow One Allianco Office Works . a From the Cotton Plant: Since the Alliance Cotton office was Ot pened in Greenville, we have been fre- t uently asked as to how it is working, ad questions have come from both mer c:hats and farmers, who desire to know t whether or not the plan of selling cotton dopted by the Greeuville Alliance s yielding any real benefits to the far ers. On Tuesday morning last we paid an visit to the office for the purpose of in- tr uiring into the matter, when the facts s given below were ascertained, and which are submitted without comment, s they speak more eloquently for the lan than words from us could do. Read hese statements carefully: s On the 28th of Octobor, cotton was tb uoted-in Liverp-ool at 5te; in New N ork at 10jcents, and in Greenville at h to 9tcents, onlyfancy cotton command- fr ng 9tc. . tI On the 29th of October the Alli- PC ace cotton office was opened for busi. M ess. h. On the 13th of November cotton st was quoted in Liverpool at 5j, in New b; ork at 10tc., and in Greenville at 9t u o 9j.f It will be seen that the price in Liver- St pool was the same on both days for bi which both days are given, and it will to be seen also that while New York de. m :ined one-iourth of a cent, Greenville in dvanced one-fourth, showing one-half 0t cent difference in price per pound, or $2.50 per bale of 500 pounds in favor of the Alliauce office. There will doubtless b-e some men who A will contend that we are claiming en- Di tirely too much for the influence of the E lliance office on the market in this city, C but the figures given above speak for E themselves, and if anybody can disprove v the claim made they are invited to do eo o. Sa DID TEXAS BREAK FAITH? LStrong Open Letter to President I)on nIdson. Cotton Plant. Ion. M. L. Doualdson, Greenville, S. C.: DEAR SIR: Having read an article euil "An Unjust Charge" in the last umber of the Cotton Plant, which was reply to certain strictures upon Col. Sen. Terrell, by the Cheraw Reporter, nd fully agreeing with said reply, and ot wishing to reflect upon Col. Terrell r the National Cotton Committee, I bink it timely to throw a little more ght upon the whole matter, and let the ensure rest where it belongs. Early in October, seeing the receipts the Gulf States, and in Texas, espe ally, were as large as usual, and that, )o, in the face of the instructions from oe National Cotton Committee, with the tt that Texas alone produced nearly ne-fourth the cottou crop, and by vir te ot- her age, experience and former -adership in the Alliance movement, be ettitig our confidence, many of our irmers became dissatisfied, feeling they ere unfairly dealt with, because we in ur county, and from all we could see ver our State, felt bound to obey the in :ructions of the committee. Some ithdrew from the order rather than hold )tton while other States sold. To sat fy myself and brethren of the facts of te case, I at once wrote you in your 'icial capacity the facts, and asked for formation. You replied "you could at think there could be any studied du licity on the part of our Gulf States rethren, for purpose of gaining undue Ivantage of more loyal brethren," and ated you had forwarded my letter to ol. R. J. Sledge for a reply. In a few sys I received the following letter: MAaon, TRAVIS Co., TEXAS, ( October 2Sth, 1889. i r. Charles Crosland: DEAR SIR AND BROTHER: Your letter Brother M. L. Donaldson was referred r him to Col. R. J. Sledge, and by him me for an answer. The request came my people too late for them to accept this year, as they had already made eir arrangements, and could not alter em. So we did not act on the request the Cotton Committee. Yours fraternally, Jons D. FIELDS, President State Alliance. Now, sir, this letter needs but little mment. Any intelligent farmer can e and read between the lines. While rother Fields may have been powerless control his people, we feel we have en overreached by the Texas brethren. First-Is the action of the Cotton immittee a. request simply, or id it in ruction from an organization sworn to elity to each other, and bound by the tion of its own State delegates in cre ing such a committee? Second-I know not what arrange ents the brother referred to, except it those to make the crop. These we all ade, and no honest man wished them slated. The Cotton Committee strictly arged that all maturing obligations be ,elled by sale of cotton. But did this eclude a whole State and organization >m coming into line where they could? trow not. Better late than .never. ell, Brother Donaldson, I only deemed fair to give these facts to the State. While we feel hurt, we are not cast iwn. We will pick our flints and try ain; but we say now (I do not assume speak for the State), we in this county tend to see to it another year that en the request comes again from the tton Committee that Texas toes the rk before we hold our cotton again. spite of these facts, many are still 'Iding cotton, and we believe eventu y will be well paid for it, though thout thanks from Texas. Had it not en for the strong statistical position of tton, the action of Texas might have ne us much harm, and now as we e th~e credit of holding large blocks cotton as an organization. I now think in order and only justie to us to dis I this illusion from the minds of the mmercial world, and call attention to e oficial declaration of Texas, where much cotton is made. Yours fraternally, CHAs. CRosLAND. Bennettsville, S. 0., Oct. 8th, 1889. esident Stackhouse's Rinaing Words. the Members of the Alliance in South Carolina: BRETHEN: We are approaching the >se of the second year of the jute trust er. The trust is crippled, but not de ited. It is organizing anew so as to ide State laws against trusts, and the estion now is: ':What are we going do about it?" Will we now submit, c pardon and plead for mercy, or will at once arrange for the manufacture enough standard cotton bagging, on best terms possible, to cover every le of Alliance cotton in the State, and -operating with our brethren in other ates, the entire crop of the cotton tes next year, and in doing so estab h a new manufacturing industry-all r own-defeat the jute trust, and se re from the cotton exchanges of the >rld an honest tare regulation? Let each sub-Alliance in the State, at next regular meeting, express its eierence and have its secretary report me its action. I shall be thankful for y information or suggestions bearing the question. If we are to continue and succeed in is fight we should lose no time. We pe to hear from every sub-Aiiiance in State bnfore the first day of Decem r, so that our position may be known fore the meeting of our national orga rsation. We hope soon to have our State busi ss exchange in condition to make con its for us. Fraternally, E. T. STAcKHIOUTSE, President S. C. F. A. Cotton Stalk Bagging. The Baltimore Manufacturers' Record ys: Mr. J. M. Forshee, secretary of e Chamber of Ind.stry of Wilmington, .. was in Macon, Ga., recently, -ex biting samples of half-inch roye made om cotton stalks fibre. According to e Telegraph, he also had a sample of 2 und bagging made from the same fibre. r. Forshee announces that machines sve been invented for stripping the alk and mauufacturing the fibre into igging, and that "the cost of the man actured article will not be more than ur cents persyard. One acre of cotton alks will furnish fibre enough to make igging enough to bale five bales of cot *n, and as this is about five times as uch rs is needed the excess will be manuactruing rope and for various hr uses to which jute is now put." The Oldes Traveler. Captain C.hase, of the Spartaniburg & sheville line, recently had the oldest assener that ever came on his train e was Hiram King, of Henderson ounty, N. C., and took the train at endersonville to go to Georgia and isit relatives. Mr. King is- 97 years age. He was accompanied by a, anii~oi of 76. GENERAL NEWS ITEMS. Facts of Interest :to Lverybod,Gathered From Various Quarters. -The latest news from the new Re. public of Brazil indicates that its per manence is assured. -The appointment of Dr. V. P. Clayton, independent, as postmaster at Columbia, is "held up," by order of the Postmaster General, pending a better understanding with Senator Hampton. -The naval commission appointed to select the site for the navy yard on the Southern coast has submitted its report to the secretary of the navy, recommending the establishment of a dry dock, repair shops and supply depot at Port Royal. The commission recommends the establishment of a dry dock, a depot of naval supplies and a coaling station on Paris Island at the site of the present naval station. An estimate accompanying the report fixes the cost ofof a timber dry dock, similar to those now building for the Government, at $675,000, to be coma pleted in three years. -Miss Ada Tanner, of New York confidential clerk to the commission er of pensions, has resigned. Miss Tanner is the daughter of Ex-Commis sioner Tanner. She has been appoint ed private secretary to Uhited States Treasurer Huston. -The Postmaster General has di rected that the free delivery system be established at Asheville, N. C., Janu ary 1st next. -The dispatch from Toronto, Ont., stating that a colony of Virginians I from the Charlottesville section is pre paring to emigrate to Manitoba is er- t roneous. -A despatch to the New York cot- I ton exchange from Columbia states - that this year's estimated cotton crop i up to October 1st was 639,998 bales against 556,645 bales up to the same time last year. -President Harrison's message is completed. It will not be printed be fore its delivery to Congress, as has been the custom for many years past. c Fearing that it may be prematurely published President Harrison has de cided that only two or three type- f writer copies of itshall be made for the t press associations, and they are to be I made in the White House and not - given o' uantil it is known that the reading of it has begun at the Capi tol. C -The National Grange has adopted resolutions favoring the testing of seed in experimental stations before distri bution; also one favoring co-operation. A committee was appointed to present legislation to Congress. The Austra- s lian system of voting was approved. s -Mr. R. H Clarkson, a prominent teacher in this State, died at his home in Columbia on Wednesday. d -Emmons Blaine, who recently i, married, has rented a house in the f fashionable part of Baltimore. C -Watson C. Squiers has been elec- t ted Senator from Washington, receiv- a ing 76 votes. . t -D. J. Carter, editor of the Lancas- c ter Ledger, died at his home in Lan- e caster Tuesday morning at 9 o'clock. t -Mrs Cleveland's portrait is to be n placed in the Coi coran art gallery in r Washington. - -The new Chief Justice of the Su- e preme Court of North Dakota is only c 31 years old. He is Guy C. H. Col- . liss. a -A fund for the benefit of the fami-| C ly of the late Aich'ard A. Proctor, the i astronomer, has recently been started - in London by Grant Alien and others. -The Pan-American Congress reas sembled in Washingten on Wednes day evening. Secretary Blaine presi- k ded. -The report that the Hon. Jefier son Davis was dying is contradicted, but he is said to be in an extremely feeble condition. C SOMETHING NE W UNDER THE SUN a One Ilundred Thousand Dollarsa Yearfor the Privilege of Using Backs of Postage Samps for Advertising Purposes. Mr. W. J. Arkell, proprietor of Judge and Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspa per, recently conceived a brilliant idea. It occurred to him that he could afford to pay the gevernment of the United States $100,000 a year for the privileget of using the backs of postage stamps for advertising purposes. Having fortified himself as to the safety of the offer by, interviews with some of the best adver tisers in this and the old country he de decided to make the tender. Judge L'Amoreaux, of Ballston, the attorney of Mr. Arkell, proceeded to Wasington afonce and consulted the Postmaster General regarding the matter. The latter feared, however, y that the statutes would stand in the way a and prevent any such sale. He deelded s to examine into the matter and see whatc could be done, and assured Mr. Arkeli that he appreciated the enterprise and generosity which had suggested the e scheme. This morning, at Mr. Arkeui's office inf the Judge building, a conference wasa held, attended by Judge L'Amoreaux,t Assistant Corporation Counsel Sweetser,e Mr. Arnold of Arnold & Green, Mr. W.i J. Arkell, Senator Arkell and others.f Te attornoys, after a careful examina-( of the statutes, were inclined to believe that there was nothing in them to pro-( hibit the acceptance of the $100,000e offer. All the facts regarding the mat-r ter will be laid before Post Master Gen-t eral Wanamaker for his further conseid eration.t Mr. Arkell's idea is to print some one advertisement of a reputable house on a certain part of the stamps for a certain time, or on all during a limited periodt and follow this up by printing another period. Gone Straight With Hecnry George. The convention of Knights of Labor at Atlanta, went into Committee of the Whole on the land question. The fo> lowing resclution was adopted as the fourth plank of the declaration of prir, ciples of the Knights' "That land, in-. cludingr all natural sources of wealth, is the heritage of all the people and shouica not be subject to speculative traffic. CO cupancy and us shall be the only title it the possession of land. Taxes upon landJ should be ievied upon its full value for use, exclusive of improvements, and should be sufficient to make for the community all the unearned incre ment." After the committee had risen and the Assembly had adopted the resoluti't. Mr. Powderly and A. W. Wright, of the Executive Board, were appointeJ a committee to attend the National Fat mers' Alliance conventiou at St. Louis, -The Commercial Cable Company of New York has selected Charleston; as one terminus of the new telegraph line which is to extend from that city to Ha Ti and thence to the West Indies o nth America SOME SUGGESTIONS F;10 "" CO," PETENT ATiORTiY. What Work the (aoci Fa;rmr ...: .-t This Season. I':tha :':0: t':' to Ilimaci f. From the :euticrn; : ac:". This month should wit:ce up of the cotton harvest that opens in November sh ble, be picked before the Ers: ...v c' December. Cotton now : a e field will only deteriorate :n rapidly underth ir uc e . !:l.-.. t.lc r:ld and wind, but the wori i will be very sio" and d0isage:.!.'.I" the close of the month. 'i- r few jobs necessary to be seriousiy interfere wit ti .1r . f ousing the remnanut of the c : . SOWING M I.T 1\D OATS. In the northern nortion of the cooa >elt the wheat crou has been: in. I hose por'tions of t'ha middle'he ax.. )ld rule of "J.ark uights in .o" he time to sow has had rorr time immemorial. We rifer t. his rule partly to give fccCi.: . remark that we do not believe : ter i: 'sowing in the moon" or in b;, rv rned byits phases in pcrirming yf he operations of the farm and : . )ur own rule for :owingr w:" i: t" ommcnce about the time vte: rs evere frost usu:sily occurs, which is enerally-in the region iat riefrred to - ibout the first week ii Novm:r. I ias perhaps beu noted by ha'bitua! rd rs of the Cultivator that the writer of hese "Thoughts" dcc not inzi-. tha very farmer should sow wheat. =t de ends on circumstances .:wich ar g rally beyond control, chief unor 3 available land cspecially adote t vheat. The doctrine that meer hould produce everything he rvu*iir' as its reasonable as well as is out imitations. A farmer in Ohio s 0 utely prevented from growing cto .d sugar cane, and yet he mus: have otton shirts, sheets and maybe mattres. es for his bed, sugar for his coffee and yrup for his hasty pudding (.) Su a armer in Georgia or Alabrna would be e unwise to persist in sowing wheati tis best choice of upland ^ ould only :ield it at a ccst of eight doiars per bar el .of flour, when he can buy a better rticle, laid down at his door, fur sit lollars. The same argument applies Pith equal force to many other article; o: rdinary consumption, But many far ers in the "hill country" of the cotton egion can and ought to r.ise h. own heat, in connection vith other rain. A high and dry hill top or 1il ide, with a a good clay s b.. t : roper soil for wheat. Ii : oe t t r allow cotton, or peas, with het, bough corn land, if not toe foul, N ill o. Rich virgin, or naturally rich soi! not requisite; it is better to enrich by ertilizers. Wheat requires a large p r entageof nitrogen, and the land l;uld hergfor - wi tlj an mor ted fertilizer. This fact is e .. rated in the generally goo; r t_ o. otton seed as a fertilizer. more conomical to use the cotton : d mcal ban the whole cocton t. Ut - ionia (nitrogen) is not the ony element equired by wheat; it must have pnt-su d phosphoric acid also. For the av rage worn soil of the middle region a ompost of meal, acid phosphate and ainit in the following proportions will ive satisfaction: otton seed meal.... ... ..00 pound::I id phosphate........1 1000 poucnds aint........... .........200 pound.' Total.... ........... 4000 pounds'~ On fresh. granitic soils posibl the ainit may be dispensed with unls ery heavy applicatuon be made.iFremu 00 to .500 pounds per acre of te *.:>s rould bee amoderate dose, an imu: ive a a yield of ten to treire budce uf heat. On clean cotton !arm agooa lose plowing with turning scoters, or good turning plow, to be foowd by barrow if necessary, will put th la~ good condition :o receive th seed. oak the seed in a bluestone solation of ne pound of the sait to flee galou of rater. Sow the wheat, and immditt 7 the fertilizer, and harrow in seth. fpracticable a goed rolling,~ af t r owing, will be labor well e:-:'ned pecially if the soil is of a loose, opeu exture, or if it ou cloddy. It is now too late tosow cats wi aa easonable probabili:v of~- 've'n from rinter-killing, except inthe ex 1reme outh, where they may be sorwn at any ime during this month, selc.in th tnd from which a crop of cotton Lhas ust been harvested. FEEDINo .A D .''T T1I 0 Iogs intended for par~kers wl 'os ' rell on the way to fatnies. W\ hv Iways thought that po:.a mad. from weet potatoes is the sweetet ete: heapet that can be produced on a arm. Let the hogs have cx libera. sup ly of this esctulent evert' da, fecming nc a day on corn, or better, cra ree:, ad finishing cff with corn m:1m ed in clean troughs, as the col. w ,st nd hog-killing tm approace.e f elligent farmers need not to b: :en::a d that there is nocecononmy in -l ng food of the most fatteuirg c':- c er ro animals intended for the slughter. )ne may stint, to some extent. te' work ag animals on a -farm vitout'rs or tetriment to their working abilit,bu very pound of foo:1 wited from ailc~h ows and porkers inole .ls hat can never boe recovered. Tre air hould be to fatten a hogintehrt ine. To do this he sh..ol'bl:upie v'ith as much food as 1he i.1cnsu without wasting, three timnt dy inimal will eat more :: aawet han in mild, but fatten les j bct mee nuch larger portiou of the foo a o umed in keeping up the nam 1 t is burned away in the ln - ['he firt solid cotld spell int No. .en , uther South, in Deemberso he signal for killing, and the !1 . hould be in the smioke hisebyl irst of Janttary, excep)t one~ or tv' he "feast of fat things' :senia vhile longer. B~ut a h':g sh~oul no1b >utchered until fully fa:.orts1 .:;a te continues to fatten. It isbetter to eed even in cold weather than to kll when only half fat. The same remarks appy wi' smia Frce to the fattening of tee,, exe h hat owingto the great eae c: e hese may be kept dry, con ami com fortable, feeding ' ma be - prpel c tined even in the codet weather. 'a e havo often reminded our rear of the importance of pravoviing comfortab.e quarters for all live stock deing the winter. It is onecof the gre fa a our Sothem. farmir th:. we resume too far on our comparatirli mi- x'* . tr climate. It is not oncy a sih-me up'n the humanity, but a reproach to 1zin telligence of the farmer who makes no provision but an open shed for his mules, and a sunshiny fence corner for his cat lea durn elts n storms of win ise:. It dioes not cost as much, in the rug. to build comfortable barns and S,,i;:-s: t he proper care of provender ind ic._tock, as the value of the result in loss and waste of food, and the gen rl d .minished velue and capacity for labor in the absence of such build GRASS. in the lower part of our territory grass mdn:y be sown throughout this month, and we would rather prefer svming even now than - to wait until sprin;. We often have winters so mild thr.ough that grass would do well sown any time, even in December or Janu Tie farmer should remember that Decmbr is generally a bad month for farm work, not only on account of proba ie bad weather, but because the aver age laborer is already beginning to en oy the holidays in advance of their ac aul coming. There are but little over th'ree weeks of working time at the best, is December. it behooves every one then to wind up the old year's work and push forward everything that he desires to accompiish before Christmas. It is a hood time to pile up the store of cut rwoud and kindling under shelter ready co .'rent for use during the cold and cheerless days of winter. We have of ter written a word in beh.lf of the com fert of life an& children who cannot go ou- and cut a "turn of wood" to keep from freezing while waiting for "Sam" to get through "feeding." Let every farmer provide a good wood-house or dry shelter close to the dwelling, and fill wih fuel ready cut for stove and fire pl ace. TIE OUTLOOK. "its an ill wind that blows no good," is in the mind of many a farmer when he considers the history of the cotton market during the present fall. The "conaer' of the staple on the other side the .eoan has played into the hands of :armr very opportunely, and the prices have been better than for some years. No doubt the fight between cot ten bagging and jute has had its influ t:ce on the market, since it is known t:at the determined stand taken by' the farmers in their fight against the infa nmcus trust has contributed to strengthen the selling side of the market, by sug gesting to the buyer that a strong dispo sition to hold cotton for more satisfac tory prices is but one more step in the advaec2. Tue attitude of the Alliance is but a contest for principle, a strong and determined resistance to oppression and extortion, for while the amount act ually involved-the difference of two or bree cents in the yard of bagging-while it amounts t6 a large sum in the agjre arte, yet i: bears but a small Draportion to the total cost of producing the cotton crop. We greatly err if the farmers are :raining at a gnat" and yet are ready ' "swallow a camel" in this matter. Their position reminds us of the "stamp N,. riot" and the "Boston tea party," in which our forefathers apparently made a great ado over a very small matter, b the sequel illustrated how r a small fire kin' e co rc o o adult life we have never known the farmers of the South to occu py a more commanding position than that indicated by the general and intelli gent demand for the recognition of their right to a fair and just' distribution of the rewards of industry, and a voice and vote in shaping and cyntrolling the gen ral business of the country. It is a har inger of better days coming when the wealth producers of the country-of' whom the farmers constitute the great njority-.begin to awake from their etargy and to realize that the legisla ion, the so-called laws of trade, and the uiaess customs of the country,.ae o:u'g ego crystalized into a system that Iispenses very unequal benefits and ad atages, naving very little regard to the a ural rights of the toi'ing millions, but llng to overflowing the cofiers of the n ney kings and monopolists of the Lud. It: will be, indeed, a Herculean tk to clean out the Augean stables, but e trust that the peaceful revolution and eformation may gather strength and omentum with increased intelligence and univ'ersal co-operation, until the rich ;all cease to grow richer, and the poor morer. THlE FAR31ERS' CONGRESS. A Brier %tateuwnt of 1rs Most ImportantZ P'rocee'dings. Severl U attempts were made to involve te tariff in the proceedings of the Nati mal Farmers' Congress at Montgomery, Ma. buit a1' were defeated. A-n'Lng theC resolutions passed was one ahvoring a 'cheme for improving the Mis si rip and Missouri rivers, and for a c"~'al across Illinois, connecting the .iIpRIpi with Lake Michigan. CThcago was endorsed. over St. Louis-. h 'st or tlhe World's Fair. R. F. Kalb, of Alabama, was re-elect It was a~ccided to bold the next meet ~n Iowa, and the Seretary was au bor'd to determine between Sioux Ct t nd Des Moines. 'mo"'g the transactions of the body ";ee te followirng: A committee of one ''om ea~ch State was appointed to suggest t "'atior aLI flower. A resolution favor naarepeal of the tobacco tax was de e 'ed suio a resolutIon that the revenue rom~ the whiskey and tobacco tax should e srbuted among the States to relieve oca : tion; also a resolution favor uog b unties to growers. Resolutions wer present.ted favoring the protection ffarm products; the increase of duties c' mutton, sheep, and wool of all kinds, adclln on the farmers to assert their pu er by tLeir ballots if these are de DI)d oui An Errand etMercr. Is Ei:eSloan, relict of the late Wilia Sica, deccased, of the Centre 6: sctio, upper part of Laurens E utwsfound dead on the roadside .:: Siurday~ morning. The body was stii ar ad it is supposed she had i-x .:d Luta short while when found. lrso,.an Sloan, with whom she 1:esastat she took her breakfast abut seven o'clock and, although the mr ing was~ a very gloomy one, dark : ttmsrain falling in heavy show es e tred to visit0 a sick colored trtof he rs. She has had organic :ta of the heart a long while and it is sppoed she had a fatal attack when se ha d walked near one-fourth of a mile She appeares to have sought shel-. tr under a pine tree. The .$onthl Carolina Ranilwav. Recceiver Chamberlain has appoin tea L. V. Kennerly freight agent of he South Carolina Railroad vice C. D. Eateman. deceased. Mr. Kennerly s an old employee of the road. Mr. Wrd, the new manager has left the cit: for a tour of inspection over the rCe:d. There are now four suits for or*cloure pending in the United Sttes Court agaist the road, all of w: ich will be argued before Judge Bond at Columbia in December. There seems to be no doubt but that Mr. Chamberlain will be accepted as re ceiver by all the complainants.