VOL. III. MANNING, CLARENDON COUNTY S. 0, WEDNESDAY, MAY 16, 1
THE GRUMBLER.
CIS YOUTH.
His cap was toofshick and his coat was too
thin
He couldn't be quiet, he hated a din;
He hated to write and he hated to read ;
He certainly was very much injured indeed !
He must study and toll, overwork he de
tested;
His parents were strict, and he never was
rested;
He knew he was wretched, as wretched
could be,
There was no one so wretchedly wretched
as he.
HIS MANHOOD.
His farm was too small and his taxes too big
He was selfish and lazy and cross as a pig;
His wife was too silly, his children too rude.
And just because he was nncommonly good !
He hadn't got money enough to spare ;
[e had nothing at all fit to eat or to wear ;
Be knew he was wretched, as wretched
could be,
There was no one so wretchedly wretched
as he.
HIS OLD AGE.
He finds he has sorrows more deep than his
fears;
He grumbles to think he has grumbled for
years;
He gumbles to think he has grumbled away
His eome and hischildren, his life's little day.
But alas 'tis too late I It is no use to say
That his eyes are too dim and his hair is too
He [o he is wretched, as wretched can be,
There is no one so wretchedly wretched
as he.
THE NEGRO IN THE CHURCH.
A Statement from Those Who Seceded
from the Episcopal Convention.
Meses. Edward McCrady, Jr., Chas.
Richardson Miles and W. C. Benet, rep
resenting those who took no part in the
Diocesan Convention of the Protestant
Episcopal Church in South Carolina, re
cently held at Anderson, have published
a statement of their position in the pres
ent aspect of the controversy.
The statement sets forth the wish of
the seceders for a settlement on the basis
arranged at the conference in Charleston
on the 21st March, believing that fach
settlement would have been generally
approved by clergy as well as laity.
The statement then recites the resolu
tions offered respectively by the Rev.
Ellison Capers and the Rev. A. T. Por
ter, and discusses them as follows:
Mr. Capers, being satisfied, as we are
assured, that the resolutions introduced
by him to carry out the agreement at the
conference in Charleston would be re
jected, withdrew them, and those of Dr.
,.?oter were adopted on Wednesday
afternoon.
On Wednesday night the Rev. Dr.
Pinckney, Rev. Mt. Capers and Rev.
Dr. Wilson communicated to the above
mentioned deputies, who were in attend
ane await' the action of the clergy,
and of the laymen co-operating with
them, the adoption of Dr. Porter's reso
lutions in substitution for those of Mr.
Ths gentlemen did not constitute a
committee of any body, nor was the
adoption of these resolutions communi
cated to us by any authority of those
acting as the Convention, nor did these
gentlemen urge or even request us to
attend or enter that body; but, on the
contrary, disclaimed any intention of
doing so, although they expressed a
hope that we might see our way clear to
- enter the Convention. No formal action
or resolution was adopted by the depa
- ties thus assembled, but after full coa-,
ference, the individuals present each an
nounced his decision that the resolutions
of Dr. Porter, which had been substi
tuted for those of the Charleston Con
C ference, were unsatisfactory and incon
sequential. The preamble, it was agreed,
was enough; the resolution im
'tent. organization had been
aeclared an absolute necessity; the
means of effecting it had not been pro
vvided.
Mr. E. A. Bell, delegate from Grace
C~bhurch, Anderson, considered himself
iinstructed by his parish to take his seat
sin the Convention, and the two delegates
frosa Trinity Columbia, Messrs. Des
portes ad Seblwhile holding that
the adoption of Dr. Porter's resolutions
did not justify our ging into that body
as a Convention, felt that they were ex
. peeted to do so to counteract the action
of their two colleagues of opposing views
the deputies whodatermined not to go
into that body to prepare and publish a
statement of the reasons which influ
- enced them.
fn doing this let ussay' we recognize
- -the retadvance of opinon which the
rsltions show. The separate and
-distinct organization of the colored race
-and their entire exclusion from the leg
islation of the Church, which has been
*hitherto urged as permissible, expedient
:and desirable, is now declared to be ab
solutely necessary to the well-being of
the Church in thie diocese. And this,
too, by those some of whom have hith
erto persistently opposed such separate
-organization as unchurchlike, uncatholic
- and even unchristian.
We gratefully recognize this advance,
*other it be due or not to the action as
wwells arguments of those whose views
*.w gesent, and we accept the declara
rtiei.ithe resolutions as sincere and as
duntended to be carried out in good faith.
-But at the same time we are constrained
to regard the rejection of the resolution
ofered by the Rev. Mr. Capers to in
struct the nommission to provide the
necessary changes in the constitution as
an indication of an unwillingness on the
part of the clergy to commit themselves
to the only action by which such separa
tion can be lawfully accomplished.
The committee appointed under the
resolutions adopted are not charged to
provide the changes in the constitution
bywhich only such action can be
deiieyand finally taken, but are
.charged wihthe duty of conferring with
c ertain congregations of colored persons
not in union with the Convention nor
hitherto in any manner officially
recognized, and to endeavor to obtain
their assent to the legislation requisite
-to carry into effect the separate organi
zation. The assent of those whose assent
is not necessary is made a condition
precedent of any action, and if such
.assent is obtainea no action is after all
- guaranteed to us. The refusal of such
assent-which refusal is already by somne
annonced in advance-renders the
cnheme of the resolutions adopted im
*The resolutions offered by Mr. Capers
in pursuance of the plan proposed by
the Charleston conference, and which
a we were present ready to catry out, pro
-vided for a revision of the constitution,
annsand rules of order so as to pre
vent the remrrence of the question as to
-~ o ..eta f the Convention,
which, though arising incidentally to the
great race quesion, having arisen, now
demands to be settled. These are
ignored under the resolutions adopted,
and are left to disturb the peace of the
Church at every meeting of the Conven
tion.
There are other objections, obvious
and serious, to the resolutions adopted,
as for example the provision whereby to
the three clergymen selected by the
clergy the Bishop was added as ex-officio
chairman, thus securing a decided ma
jority for the clergy, and thereby alter
ing materially the character of the com
mission asu important tribunal to dis
cuss and decide upon the differences
which have arisen between the clergy
and the laity in this diocese.
In the opinion of all the depnties who
attended the lay conference, and, as we
are informed, of several of the clergy
and laity who attended the Convention,
the resolutions offered by Mr. Capers
were unequivocal, concise and complete,
and conferred powers upon the proposed
commission adequate to the fulfillment
of their difficult task; that, on the other 1
hand, Dr. Porter's resolutions were i
vague, indefinite, imperfect, the limited
powers of the committee being depend
ent upon a contingency. It is greatly
to be regretted that resolutions, evident
ly written in haste, crude and ill-digest- t
ed, should have been so hurriedly adopt
ed in lieu of resolutions which, we be- t
lieve, would have settled the differences i
between the clergy and the laity and
brought harmony and lasting peace into
this disquieted diocese. t
With these views of the scope and 1
effects of these resolutions, we deter
mined it was better for us to leave to
those who adopted them not only the
responsibility of carrying into effect 1
their declared purpose, but the credit <
and thanks to which they will be entitled s
should they succeed. t
And that the committee chosen may i
achieve success is our earnest wish; nor
shall we place any the least hindrance in i
their way, but bid them "God-speed." 1
THE BIRD WHIPPED THE DOG. i
A Terrific Combat on a Horse Car Between
a Crane and a Terrier.
There was a big time in a Ridge avenue t
car, Philadelphia, last Thursday night, <
in which a dog, a crane, the conductor, i
two men, three women, a broom and a 1
boy participated. William Jones, a
news agent on the Reading railroad, got
on the car at Twenty-fifth street in com- z
pany with a huge crane about three and s
one-half feet tall and with three stripes c
down its breast. The crane had a light t
dog chain attached to its right leg and
when Jones sat down he fastened the I
chain to a buttonhole of his coat. The t
crane stood up in the centre of the aisle
and went to sleep. r
At Twentieth street three women got r
on and awoke the bird with their laugh- I
ter. At Eighteenth street a small boy s
and a big brown terrier got on the car. I
The boy looked at the crane and I
laughed. Then he looked at the dog
and said: "Sic him, Cario." Jones I
quickly unfastened the chain which held c
the crane and said: "Shake him, Bis- r
marok2'
The dog made a rush for the bird and e
for about a minute nothing was seen but s
flying hair and two long skinny legs a
which flashed in the air like streaks of y
light. Then there was yell. The dog f
went fly and howling down the aisle fol- a
lowed by the bird shaking with rage and I
uttering a shrill piping noise, and drag
ging his owner, who held on to the a
chain. The conductor stopped the dog g
at the door, and as he came flying back, d
followed by the crane, the women jump- c
ed up on the seats, gathered up their e
skirts and screamed.
The driver stopped the car just as the
bird caught the dog at the rear door,
ad, making one snap at him, ripped
about six inches of hair from his back s
with its bill and sent him yelping into
the street. Then the crane shook itself
and made a desperate attack on a broomt
whih lay beside the seats. It shook thei
broom up and was beginning on the11
conductor when its owner lassoed it with t
a piece of clothesline and threw it on thelt
floor.1
By the time Green street was reached i
Bismarck was taking another standing
nap andimade no resistance when his!1
owner lifted him off the car. Jones
called the bird a "mountain crrne" and
said it was caught in the woods around
Willimaport. He has been keeping it j
chainedu in his back yard at T wenty
fifth and avenue, but it whipped
his dog so bdylast Saturday and gave,
him so much trouble on Sunday, when it
brokeoose and gave him achase of four
squares with a lasso before he caught it,
that he decided to return it to its moun-1
tain home. He was taking it to the4
depot for shipment when the fight oc
curred.
The newly created chairs in the South4
Carolina University have been filled as
follows:
Veterinary medicine and veterenarian'
to the station, W. B. Niles; physiology<
and hygiene and microscopist and bac
teriologist to the station, B. M. Belton; i
botany and zoology and botanist and
entomologist to the station, George F.
Atkinson; agriculture and vice director
of the station, Milton Whitney; peda
gogics, E. E. Sheib; mathematics and
astronomy, E. W. Davis; Latin, J. S.'i
Murray, Jr.; moral philosophy and
chaplain, W. J. Flynn; English, F. C.
Woodward; assistant professor of analyt-1
ical chemistry and materia medica, R J.i
Davidson; instructor in modern lan-1
guages, J. J. McMahan; instructor in
drawing, W. G. Randall. (The electioni
of instructors in mathematics and book
keeping and shop arn machine work was
postponed until the June meeting.) In
structor in pharmacy, Silas J. D)uflie.
Dean of the college of agriculture and
mehanic arts, Prof. Sloan; of the col
lege of liberal arts and sciences, Prof.
Woodrow; of pharmacy, Prof. Burney;
of the normal school, Prof. Sheib; of
the law school, Prof. Pope.
The following nominations by the
President were confirmed: Secretary of
the Station, LI. . Withers; Assistant
Chemist of the Station, C. W. Simus;
Physicians of the Infirniary, Drs. Taylor
and Talley.
He (making a long call)-What a very
odd-looking clock! Is it an heirloom? She
(suppressing a yawn)-() no; it is a recent
purchase of papa's. He has a penchant for
such things. I was about to call your at
tntion ta it
A NEIW INDUSTRY.
Raising Whales as an Experiment In the
Great Salt Lake.
Intelligent newspaper readers have not
forgotten the inauguration fifteen years
ago by Mr. James Wickham, a scientific
English gentlemen, of the whale industry
in the Great Salt Lake. As considerable
time was required for the development
:f the experiment, the subject has passed
:mt of the public mind, but it has by no
neans been forgotten by naturalists or
sapitalista interested in the whale
ishery. The whale is the largest and
probably the longest lived animal. They
nave been known to grow to 100 feet in
*ength and live to the age of 400 years.
[t is a mammlal, or, in other words,
suckles its young The project of Mr.
Whickham was greatly assisted by this
act, for the difficulty that would attend
he obtaining of whale eggs in the deep
aeas is at once apparent. It was only
iecessary to obtain a pair of whales in
)rder to begin the propagation of
mimals under domestication. The sou
tern or Australian whale was selected as
est suited to the climate of the Great
Salt Lake. The greater part of two
rears was occupied off the coasts of
Lustralia by a vessel sent especially for
he purpose in continued efforts to cap
nre the young whales without injury.
Che feat, however, was acomplished, and
he beasts, each about thirty-five feet
ong, were shipped to San Francisco in
.873 in tanks built expressly for them.
fifty tanks of sea water accompanied
heir overland shipment to insure plenti
'ul supplies of the natural element.
Mr. Wickham came from London in
yerson to superintend the "planting" of
us leviathan pets. He selected a small
>ay near the mouth of Bear River,
onnected with the main water by a
hallow straight half amile wide. Across
his strait he built a wire fence, and
nside the pen so formed he turned the
vhales loose. After a few minutes of
nactivity they disported themselves in a
ively manner, spouting water as in mid
>cean, but as if taking in by instinct or
tention the cramped character of their
ew home, they suddenly made a bee
ine for deep water, and shot through
he wire fence as if it had been made of
breads. In twenty minutes they were
>t of sight, and the chagrined Mr.
ickham stood gazing helplessly at the
>ig salt water.
If Great Salt Lake were in Asia it
rould be called a sea. It is seventy-five
iles long and from thirty to forty wide,
o it is easy to perceive how readily the
rhales could vanish from sight. Thorgh
he enterprising owner was, of course,
lisappointed and doubtful of results, he
ft an agent behind him to look after
us floating property.
Six months later Mr. Wickham's rep
esentative came upon the whales fifty
iles from the bay where they- had bro
:en away, and from that time to the pre
ent they have been abserved at intervals
>y him and the watermen who ply the
ike sporting and playing.
Within the last few days, however, Mr.
Vickham cabled directions to make a
areful inspection and report develop
rents, and the agent followed the whales
or five successive days and nights, dis
overering that the origanal pair are now
ixty feet in length, and are followed
bout by a school of several hundred
-oung, varying in length from three to
itaen feet. The scheme is a surprising
nd complete success, and Mr. Wickham
as earned the thanks of mankind.
Catching whales in Great Salt Lake
nd following that business off the dan
erous Greenland coast are two quite
ifferent things. The enormous value
f the new industry can be better appre
iated by remembering that a single
rhale produces twenty tons of pure oil.
BEAUTY'S BATH.
ecrets of a Canadian Beauty's Splendid
Complexion.
A famous Canadian beauty who boasts
at she has never applied a particle of
ny cosmetic to her face, yet can keep
ter freshness and briincy during a
iresome Washington season, gives as
be secret of her good complexion the
act that her bathing is regular, method
al and judicious; that she never washes
Ler face during the day, but cares for it
horoughily at the stated times. On re
urning from a walk or drives she wipes
very particle of dust from her face with
soft chamois leather and takes particu
ar pains not to sit too near a fire or in a
traft after exercise.
Another point upon which she dwells
rery carefully is the arrangement of her
ressing room. There is nothing over
uxurious to the eye in the simple, well
rentilated and anadornedroom. Miss
uderstands thoroughly the advantage
>f not bathing in her sleeping apartment
aid having her sponges, towels, etc., as
ell aired as though they were articles
>f dress. Her tub is cleansed thoroughly
beh day, the water used is always as
resh as possible and theshelf containing
he articles used in her toilet is in a well
rentilated high part of the wall, and
mly a small quantity of any article is
sept at a time, since almost anything
;oo long corked loses its best qualities,
ven distilled water absorbing some
erms of unpleasantness if retained too
ong. The sponges in this room, three
n number, are hung from a projecting
,trip of wood. They are never exposed
;o the sun by way of sw.eetening them,
ccording to the erroneous notion of so
nany people, and they are never left in
he water after use, except about once in
,wo weeks, when they are soaked in a
asin of fresh water, to which a lump of
soda has been added for purposes of
~horough cleansing.
Now let us see what are the toilet artir
les in this famous beauty's dressing
room: Distilled water, rose water, glyce
ine, cold cream, vaselinie, eau-de
ologne, a lotion for which we will pres
mtly give the receipt, orris root and
lamphor. We have enumerated only
hose whi::h Mademoiselle uses for her
bathing or with distinct reference to her
kin after or before washing. Now let
as see how these are employed. On
rising she takes a quick cold bath, using
the flesh brush application immediately
afterwards. Five minutes' moderate use
o the dumb-bells follow this, after which
Miss - quickly completes her toilette,
breakfats and remains quits indolently
still for fifteen minutes. Then there
comes a brisk walk. What the routine
of her day isto beis the result of cir
cumstances, but to those so situated that
they cannot govern their time, let us say
that the moning ablutione aamina anad
walk need only occupy one hour and
will by methodical use lengthen the
healthy hour of life tenfold.
During the day Miss - washes her
hands frequently in tepid distilled water,
to which some of the rese water is added;
and before drying them applies very
quickly and yet thoroughly some glyce
rine, taking care however to completely
wash it off after it has done its work of
lubrication, since otherwise it would
make the hands sallow and the skin over
tender.
We might, with advantage, go on to
detail this charming young person's aim.
pie and wholesome customs of the day
for preserving her strength, good spirits
and good looks, but must keep to our
one especial point at present. Before
dressing for dinner or- evening en
gagement, sponge No. 2-that of the
morning being left on its line-is em
ployed with tepid water to bathe quickly
the neck and arms, but nothing is done
which could possibly promote a chill.
Returning to her dressing room, the
night bath is taken with which glycerine
and rose water are mingled, and the
ablution is followed by a gentle friction,
the face, after being thoroughly washed
-especially about the roots of the hair
is subjected to a rapid and soft rubbing,
after which a sponge soaked in very hot
water is quickly passed over it for the
purpose of reopening the thoroughly
cleansed pores.
Now remember what these pores mean
to the whole system as well as to the
complexion itself, so in applying any
unguent be careful what you deposit into
these swift canals. Miss - , whose
skin has a tendency to over dryness,
rubs it softly, lightly, but very firmly
with a pure cold cream. Where there is
too much natural oil it is best to have
the face free from any greasing. A care
ful examination is then made by Miss
to discover the existence of acne pune
tata, those distressing little black marks,
often more disfiguring than pimples. A
variety of remedies and means of eradi
cation are to be suggested, but results
are not always gratifying. We knew a
charming American girl who passed
three months at a German sanitarium
for the purpose of removing these tor
menting little spots from her face and
without any especially good results. A
system of exercise and bathing and the
use of the lotion whose formula I give
was suggested with absolute satisfaction.
Generally speaking these marks arise
from an accumulation of solid matter in
the pores. This must be forced out in
some way and it stands to reason that
after ejecting it forcibly by means of
pressure there must be applied some
thing soothing to the skin. Warm soap
and water is excellent and sometimes a
little diluted lemon juice proves satisfac
tory. But the lotion most conducive to
an absolute cure and which prevents
their re-formation is the following:
Jordan almonds (blanched), one
ounce.
Bitter almonds (blanched), two to
three drachms.
Distilled water, half a pint.
Form into an emulsion by bruising
the almonds and adding eight ounces of
water. Strain it.
Dissolve fifteen grains of bichloride of
mercury in boiling water. Then mix the
two solutions.
Apply the lotion to the black spots or
acne by wetting a piece of- soft linen
with it, moistening the part of the face
affected and then wiping it off softly
with a clean cloth. Great care must be
taken in applying this lotion to any part
of the face where there is an opening of
the skin, such as results from a cut or
eruption. Should this be the case the
formula given above may be used with
ut the ingredient of bichloride of mer
ury.
Where there are small skin eruptions
or fever sores about the mouth Miss --
uses, daintily, a trifle of camphor, also
applied with a soft linen cloth.
Lucr C. LraLm.
MRS. CLEVELAND'S PONIES.
rho Touching Letter Received by the
President from a Southerner.
(From the Philadelphia North American.)
The President has so far relented from
his original determination as to buy for
his wife a pretty phaeton, with a seat
behind for the groom, and a pair of'
small brown horses for her exclusive use,
and thereby hangs a tale. A man in
Richmond wrote a pathetic letter to the
President not long ago, which, by some
inadvertence on the part of the wise
"private secretary," fell into his own
hands. In it the man went on to say
that he had married a young and beauti
ful girl three months before, and had
bought for her, with many fond antici
pations, a pair of horses. for which he
had searched the South over, and she
drove them for a few short weeks, and
then, on returning from a drive one
afternoon, died suddenly in his arms
from heart disease, He could not bear
to see these reminders of a happy past
any more, and Mrs. Cleveland was the
only woman into whose hands he was
wilLing to have them fall. He concluded
by saying that he was too poor to give
them to her, but he wanted her to have
these treasures of his pretty, dead wife.
The President, without having seen
the horses at all, telegraphed to have
them sent on, and in a letter following
inclosed a check for them. They came,
saw and conquered at once, as they are
pretty, gentle little animals, and smiling
peace reigns everywhere.
The Waste of steam Power.
In a paper recently read betore one of
the English associations of engineers the
writer asserted that, according to the
present methods of dealing with the
motive power of the steam engine, only
some 20 per cent. was made avallable,
80 per cent, of the energy developed in
the furnace being thrown away, and it is
quite common to realize no greater
efficiency than about 4 per cent, on the
gross or potential energ of the fuel.
In large factories that 'mt of the power
being concentrated in one or two great
machines, condensation can be taken
advantage of, and with water heaters
and other appliances double the above
figure can be realized; but in the best
engines, with all latest improvements
and elaborations, not more than 12k per
cent. has ever been realized, nor is it
possible to realizemore and even 121 per
cent. can only be obtained by the finest
of wire d 'wig and the best of coal.
How many hare eaten out in long
CHRxSANTHEMUM CULTURE.
Some Points About How to Grow and Graf
Them--What They Like.
The chrysanthemum is by no means i
modern plant, in so far at least as its in
troduction into Europe and thence tc
this country is concerned.
As far back as 1689 plants were seni
from China to Holland, the botanica
garden at that time of all Europe, The
Indian species were known about the
year 1699, and this variety was the fore
runner of all the small flowering kinds,
During the past five years not less that
ten thousand seedlings are reported
raised, out of which probably five hun
dred varieties have been selected for dis
tribution.
Standard, or tree chrysanthemums,
which have appeared at exhibitions this
year, have caused much comment re
garding their mode of propagation. Ii
was at first supposed that they were of
several years growth, but as a matter of
fact chrysanthemums are what are known
among botanists as strictly herbaceou
plants, dying each year after flowering
season, and succeeded every spring by s
new growth. This variety was, thrre
fore, rarely grown by extra and exper
attention in one season, but remarkable
as this innovation was, it was exceeded
by the experiment made by Mr. W.
Barr, of Orange county, N. Y., who
actually produced no less than eight va
rieties on each stem. These were grafted
in July, and the varieties to be trans
ferred were grown in pots and placed in
the stock so that the parts to be united
came together. A piece of bark was
taken off each, closely fitting together,
the junction was then bound and the
plants well watered. After a day or two
stock and scion were united, when the
plants in the pots were severed and
grew together as one, introducing a
novelty in plant growing never known
before.
There are some preferences which
chrysanthemums have, and which should
be closely looked after, if success is ex
pected to attend their cultivation by the
many amateurs, who, in view of the ex
pected display in the autumn, are de
voting their earnest attention to these
flowers.
They like to be planted in rich soil.
They want a plenty to eat and still more
to drink, being among the most thirsty
of plants. Sunshine they require at
least four or five hours each day and to
be well watered from August to Octo
ber, and finally to be separated and
divided each year. On the other hand,
care should be taken to avoid loose
planting in a poor soil or under the
shadow of trees or in the mud. Care
should be taken when they are about to
bloom to keep them out of a freezing
temperature.
If these suggestions are followed it is
within the power of any one to have a
garden full of these graceful and pretty
flowers, whose advent marks the close of
summer and who linger with us until the
old winds from the North warns them
of the approaching winter.
CHICAGO'S BIG TELESCOPE.
The Plans Adopted for Erecting the Dear
born Observatory at Evanston.
(From the Chicago Herald.)
A joint committee represenating the
Chicago Astronomical Society and the
Northweston University was busy at
Evanston all Saturday after-Loon exami
ning plans and proposed locations on
which to erect the Dearborn Observatory,
in which is to be placed the big telescope
formerly located at the Chicago Univer
sity. The society was represenated by
Dr. H. A. Johnson, Professor Mixed, J.
Young Scammon. Professor Hough, Pro.
fessor Colbert being absent, while the
committee for the university was Presi
dent Cnmmings. J. B, Hobbs. Orring
ton Lunt, Professor R. D. Sheppard and
Dr. Bonbright. After examing the
different sites the committee agreed to
ocate the observatory at a point on the
bluffs about four hundred feet north of
the Swedish Seminary, and about mid
way between Chicago avenue and the
lake. The observatory will be about two
hundred and fifty feet from the beach,
experiments made by Professor Hough
having demonstrated that the waves
make no impression at that distance, even
in the severest storms. The plans sub
mitted by Cobb & Frost were adopted
as a whole, the details of the construct
ion being left to a committee consisting
of President Cummings, J. B. Hobbs, J.
Y. Scammon and Professor Elias Colbert.
Mr. Hobbs has donated the sum of
$25,000, and at least that amount will be
spent on the observatory building. The
only matter of detail left undecided was
as to whether a Warner & Swazey dome,
costing $8,500, or a Breeder dome, at
$4,500, should be erected.
The former domc weighs 23,000
pounds, and is gaate to move under
a pressure of onl 35 pounds. The plan
as adopted provide for a building 79x65
feet, facing to the west. The dome room
is 34 feet in diameter on the inside. In
the center of this is the central pier on
which the telescope is placed, with a
diameter of 15 feet at the base and 10
feet at the top, and entirely disconnected
from the exterior walls and the floors.
The pier will be 30 feet above the grade,
as compared with 66 feet in the old struc
ture. The observer will be placed 27
feet above the ground, and the top of
the dome will be about 45 feet, the tele
scope rising 14 feet 10 inches above the
floor. The old capstones will be used
in the new observatory. The meridian
circle room will have a southern expo
sure, as is necessary, and its inside
dimensions will be 25x38 feet. Here
will be placed the instruments for furnish
ing true time to the city. Professor
Hough is now doing this work by tele
graph from a tempoary building on the
campus. There will also be a library
230 feet inside and a room of similar
dimensions over it, in addition to five
large working rooms. It will take at
least six months after the contracts are
let to finish the dome, which will be cf
iron and steel, but the work will be
pushed forward as rapidly as possible.
The telescope is one of the largest in the
world, and by the end of November Chi
cago will have an observatory worthy oi
the big refractor. The name of Dear
born Observatory will be retained.
You may make homes enchantingly
beautiful, hang them with pictures, have
them clean, airy and convenient, but if the
stomach is fed with sour bread or burned
meats it will raise such rebellion that the
eyes wil see no beauty anywhere.
ENGRAVING A "'REENBACK."
ABrief Explanation of the Various Process- I
es by Which the Work is Done.
(From the Philadelphia Times.)
So vague is the general idea as to how a
a bank note is made that we propose to n
explain briefly the various processes it t
goes through before it is issued as a part t.
of the "money of the realm," saying, by a
way of introduction, that this country n
leads the world in bank-note engraving. t
Unfortunately, the first consideration in p
making a bank note is to prevent bad o
men from making a counterfeit of it, and e
therefore all the notes of a certain de-11
nomination or value must be exact dupli- S
cates of each other. If they were engra- h
ved by hand this would not be the case; S
and. another thing, hand engraving is b
more easily counterfeited than the work I
done by the processes which we are u
going to describe.
Every note is printed from a steel a
plate, in the preperation of which many t1
persons take part. If you will look at e
a five-dollar "greenback" you will see a fl
pict ire in the centre; a small portrait. ti
called a vignette, on the left, and in each a
of the upper corners a network of fine g
lines with a dark ground, one of them I
containing the letter V and the other the aJ
figue 5. These four parts are made on a
separate plates. To make a vignette it is b
necessary first to make a large drawing o
on paper with great care, and a daguer- b
reotype is then taken of the drawing the c
exact size of the engraving desired. S
The daguerreotype is then given to the tt
engraver. who uses a steel point to mark
on it all the outlines of t.e picture. The til
plate is inked and a print taken from it. 01
While the ink is still enp the print is
laid face down on a steel plate, which sa
has been softened by heating it red hot .
and and letting it cool slowly. It is then a
put in a press and an exact copy of the t1
outline is thus made on the steel plate. n:
This the engraver finishes with his til
graver, a tool with a three-cornered point,
which cuts a clean line without leaving a h
rough edge. g
Now, this plate is used for making h
other plates- it is never used to print S
from. It must be mac very hard, and h
this is done by heating it and cooling it o:
quickly. A little roller of softened steel q
is then rolled over it by a powerful ma- ix
chine until its surface has been forced
into all the lines cutinto the plate. The h
outlines of the vignette are thus transfer- C<
red to the roller in raised lines, and after n
the roller is hardened it is used to roll
over plates of softened steel and thus h<
make in them sunken lines exactly like at
those in the plate originally engraved. w
The centre picture is engraved and ri
transferred to a roller like the vignette, in
but the network in the upper corners B
and also on the back of the note, is made y
by the lathe. This machine costs $5,000,
a price that puts it beyond the reach of
counterfeiters, and its work is so perfect
that it cannot be imitated by band The C
lathe engraves the network on softened
steel,[and the figure in the middle of it is
then engraved by hand. It is now hard
ened and transferred to a roller like the w
others. a
The plate from which the notes are to ri
be printed is of softened steel and large w
enough to print four notes at once. b
Four engravings of the notes must, si
therefore, be madeon it, an this is done ei
by rolling the hardened steel rollers con- ti
taining the raised pictures over it in their ci
appropriate places until the pictures are fi
pressed into its surface. The fine letter- B
ing around the border of the note is T
transferred in the same way, but the other C
letteringisputon by hand. This process as
saves a great deal of time and it secures cs
absolute uniformity in the four engrav at
ings on the plate. ti
The black parts of the note are priaited a
first, and when the ink is dry the green fc
back is printed, to be followed by the ii
red stamps and numbers. It is then GI
signed and issued. For greater security, a
one part of the note is engraved and i
printed at one place and another part at p
another place, when it is sent to Wash- at
ington to be finishedl and signed- be
But even after all this care and all be
these safeguards, many skilfully-executed
counterfeits have been made and issued, b<
some of them so good as to deceive the ii
most expert judges of money. I
af
A Mysterious Murder.
DRIanGTaoN, May 9.-On Tuesday tt
night, May 8, Mr. Joe James, an old bi
man about 635 years of age, was assasi- It
nated in a most cowarnly manner. He pi
has been boarding with Mr. H. H. w
Howell, near Cypress, about twenty tc
miles from Darlington. Last night he at
had just finished supper and was going of
through the back piazza to his room, pl
when he was fired upon by some one at
who must have been quite near. The al
whole load, together with the wadding pi
of the gun, was found in the body of or
the unfortunate man. He was shot in d
the right side.
It is thought that the villain who did si
the shooting had his gu resting on the to
railing. As soon as the report of the w
gun was heard those who were at the tla
supper table rushed out and found the w
old man lying ou the floor. He had si
called out when first shot, but when they ft
reached him and asked who had shot a
him, he could not answer, but died in a Iif
few moments. ta~
This is the fourth attempt to kill this fe
old man. Each time the party whom he
accused has been brought to trial. Two
have been acquitted, and one has just ii
finished a term in the penitentiary. On ii
two of the occasions mentioned he was o:
fired upon while on the piazza after se
dark; and once while riding adding along w
the road a negro rose up from a flitch te
where he had concealed and fired upon ii
hinm. When killed the old man had a ti
large amount of money on his person, o:
about $3,000, but so bold an assassina- h<
tion could not have been for the purpose fc
of robbery. cl
c<
A Newv Soup.
Take eight large potatoes and three g,
oions; cut them in small pieces and boil 0:
them in a pint of water until soft. Pass 'y
them through a fine colander. Have ci
ready two quarts of skimmed milk; boil e
it; add a very little powdered mace and tl
one piece of loaf sugar, a pinch of os
cayenne and salt and the puree of pota- ]3
toes. When all boils together, thicken
the soup with two tablespoonfuls of
potato flour or ordinary flour. Before pi
pouring the soup into the tureen, place fa
in the latter a tablespoonful of butter.
Fy some crutons in good beef dripping su
and sere them with the soup, but on a bi
aepnate dihala-Madge"in Truth. n
LOVERS OF THE HORSE.
ilatinguished Congressmen Who Attend
the Races at Washington.
Wes umooN, May 8.-Horse ranes
rem to have a great attractionfor states
ien, and the dry tariffdebate of the pat
wo weeks has given them an opportuni
to gratify their desires. In fact on
number of afternoons a quorum of
tembers could be found on the race
rack, while the halls of Congres were
ractically deserted. Our statesmen not
aly go to the track for the purpose of
Doying the races, but to place their
hard-earned" money on their favorites.
ome few have won, the majoiy
ave lost, and lost h y. Georgia and
oath Carolina are both somewhat be
md, and, indeed, the Kentuky..am&,a
few York statesmen are the only ones
ho have been winners.
Congreman Matson, of Indiana, who
as recently nominated for Governor of
eat State, is an enthusiastio horseman,
very afternoon occupies a place in the
ont ranks of the Congressional delega
on. Senators Blackburn and Bek,
ad, indeed, the entire Kentucky dele
ition, are there a'most every afternoon.
agalls has also been there two or three
ternoons, and the friendly drink he
ad Blackburn indulged in together has
Den the subject of much comment,
wing to the bitter hostility which exists
tween these two men iu the Senate
camber. It is said that while these two
enators were drinking together a Ken
icky horseman walked up and aid:
-'Are you two fellows friends? I
ought you were thirsting for each
bher's blood?"
"Yes," replied the Senator from Kan.
s; "Oh, yes, were are friends-here."
Mr. Grimes is probably more fond of
horse race than any other member of
ie Georgia delegation, although the
ajority of them have taken a turn on
ie track.
Mr. Perry, of South Carolina, loves a
>rse race as much as any man in Con
ress, and is often on the track. But
[r. Perry is not the only one of the
>uth Carolina delegation who loves a
>rse race, for both Senators and most
the Representatives have been fre
sent attendants upon the spring meet
tg of the National Jockey Club.
Mr. G. H. Kernaghan, of Augusta,
is his stable of fleet-footed flyers here,
nsisting of a half dozen splendid ani
als, among the number being Burh,
the fastest living." Mr. Kernaghan is,
wever, holding Burch for the Saratoga
akes. A couple of his two-year-olds
ere the only entries he made in the
kce, the balance of his stable not being
proper condition to run at present.
:e carried his stable over to Baltimore
3sterday.
RAINBOW SUPERSTITIONU.
arious Beliefs Entertained by .Various
People Concerning the BeauteousArch.
(From the Chicago Herald.)
The rainbow is frequently credited
ith great power for good or evil. It is
wide spread belief that it hides great
ches, or brings fortune or good luck
ith it. In Swabia it is said to rest on
wls of gold; in Hungary that cups of
Iver will be found where it touches the
irth or water, and the finder will divine
is future. It is quite likely that a shoe
at over it will fall on the other side
led with gold, as it is believed in
erne and among Swabian peasants,
he difficulty is to get it over. In
arinthia it is a hat. Czech tradition
.ys that if iron or other base metal be
at into the rainbow it will turn to gold,.
id similar things are recorded of it in
L TyroL In many parts of Germany
olden key, or atreasure, isasaid to be
und where the bow touches the earth;
Portugal a silver hen, and in modern
eece a curious Byzantine coin, called
Constantine coin. Any one finding
is will be endowed with marvelous
wer. In Norway it is said that arcup
d spoon, with a kind of gruel, will
~found where the bow rests. It is also
~lieved to bestow health.
Among the Letta if you can reach the
w and touch it you will have the heal
power. The water found beneath
Le arch will, it is believed, cure those
Iicted with demoniacy'. Old women
p this water in trenches dug in the
:und or in ahollow tree, but not in
Le house, where it will lose its force or
ing some disaster to the household.
is also said that flocks should not be
stured where the bow rets or they
11 fall sick. German peasants say the
uch of the bow will render plants odor.
~t. On the other hand, in some parts
France the rainbow is said to injure
nts on which it rests, to dry up vines
ad to ruin the harvest. In Bohemia,
o. it withers up the herbage, say the
~asants. In Ukraine you must not put
t your tongue at the rainbow or it will
un .ungarthere is a Vila or fairy
ting on tewater where the rainbow
rches it, and whosaever she sees first
ilidie. Esthoniansaythe bow is but
e scythe used by the thunder to chase
iked souls. In Austro-Hungary the
1k are not allowed to lie stretched at
1 length when the first bow of sprig
pears, for it is thought they would die
permitted to do so. Many ordinary
ts must not then be performed for
ar of evil consequences.
John Sherman is already wakening
his candidacy for the republican nom
tion for the presidency, and evidences
a rapidly decaying boom are to be
en on all sides. Sherman has already
tdrawn his "bar'l" and says that it is
be no longer on tap They were bleed
g the poor fellow to death, and he saw
t he would either have to call a halt,
that by the time the convention met
would have nothing left of his large
rAune. Several Ohio Republican
1bs have addressed the senator aking
ntributions, and instead of anteing up
he used to do, the senator responds
at his campaign expenses have out
own his means. The things may be true
not, but they are guaranteed by the
~ashington correspondent of the Cin
nati Enquirer who says he knows
at he is talking about, and is confident
t Sherman has seen the handwriting
the wall, and is now retreating before
ame.
Some men are good because goodness
ys best; and then, again, some are good
rnothing.
A worn-out society belle Is like old maple
ar. It has a certain kind of sweetness,
thas to be laid on the shelf when the
aw crop comes out.