VOL. III. MANNING, CLARENDON COUNTY, S. C., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 1888. NO,13
ABOUT AGRICULTURAL STATIONS
SOME ACCOUNT OF THEIR ESTAB
LISHMENT AND PROGRESS.
The Address of Dr. J. M. McBryde. Presi
dent of the South Carolina College, be
fore the 'armer' Club of Orangeburg.
(From Lhe News and Courier.)
Dr. J. M. McBryde, president of the
South Carolina College, was introduced
as the orator of the day. He delivered a
most carefully prepared speech, full of
practical information for farmers. The
first part of this address was on the sub- 1
ject of ensilage, and he told the farmers
how to construct their silos and what to
plant to make ensilage. He also' told
them of the value of ensilage as a winter
food for cattle. This part of the speech
was of a most practical nature and full
of valuable facts. - ]
After exhausting the subject of ensi
lage Dr. McBryde took up the subject of
experimental stations and gave them a
thorough treatment. He said:
The xe ent station is of modern
origin. Inmy study of ancient Roman
husbandry, I stumbled upon the follow
ing passage in Palladius, a Latin author
of the fourth century, which would seem
to show, however, that its germ existed
in the distant past. He writes: "Accord- :
ing the Greeks, the Egyptians experi
mentally determine beforehand the value ,
of every variety of seed in this way. 4
They cultivate a small portion of a well
tilled mellow field, and dividing it up ,
into plats, sow on these all kinds of <
ranor leguminous seeds. During the
dog days, which occur at Rome about 1
the muddle of July, they ascertain which [
plants are destroyed and which are left'
- uninjured by the reigning constellation.
They avoid the former but procure the !
latter, because the arid star gives a fore- F
shadowing of its noxious or beneficial ,
inftuence on each kind of crop in the
coming year by its present destructive or
salutary effects."
It is usually stated that the experiment<
etation, as we know it, was first estab-,
lished at Meeckern, near Leipsic, in,
1851, with Emil Wolff as director. But
before Lawes at Rothamstead, t
d, had begun his celebrated series t
of agricultural experiments and really f
founded, at his on charge, a station <
which has continued its work from that e
-day to this and taken rank as the oldest 2
and best in the world. t
Stations have since been established in c
all the larger States of the German Em- t
-ein Austro-Hungary, France, Great a
'tain, Russia, Ital, Spain, Denmark, a
Norway, Sweden, Holland, Belgium and s
the United States. Some of tnese sta
tions cover the whole field of agricul- s
taral experimentation, others exist for a r
spial purpose. Some are charged with t
control of fertilizers or seeds, some I
are devoted exclusively to wine produc- v
tion, some to brewing, some to dairy d
products, some to forestry, some to olive a
or silk culture, some to sugar production ,
and some to the manufacture of aloholic
liquors.
Some years ago the forty German sta
tions then at work were classified as fol
lows: Thirteen were engaged in re- a
searches in animal physiology; twenty t
in vegetable physiology; five were busied t
chifly with studies in the chemistry and r
physics of the soil; four made a specihl
ty of grape culture and wine production, e
and 4ve of questions in agricultural e
technology. Besides the work above
mentioned a control of the trade in fer- a
tilizers, by analyses of wares bought and
sold, was exercised by twenty-eight, of
that in seeds by sixteen, and of that in
fodder materials by thirteen stations.
The great speialization of the work a
here shown should be particularly noted. 3
The first experiment staties is
.country was established by Connecticut 1
at Middletown, in connection with
Wesleyan University, with Dr. Atwater j
SB director, in 1875. Some years after-t
wards it was tranusferred to New Haven
and connected with the Sheffield Scien
tific School at Yale and the directorship a
2given to Prof. S. W. Johnson-.
THE SE00ND srAION
masestablished by North Carolina. Now,
there is one in eZ State in the Union1
and in several of e Territories. The a
stations in several States were charged a
bylaw with the control of fertilizers. a
until recently more than one have con
cerned themselves almost exclusively
with analyses of fertilizes, feeding stuf i
and chemical researches, and have had i
no land for field experiments. In these, t
therefore, the work was exclusively e
scientific. In other States the sain
were established in connection with the
farm belonging to the Agricultural Cob
Aege, and confined themselves to field C
ezperiments, attempting little scientific C
~work. -A wide difference of opinion a
prevailed at first in regard totherprop. C
er organizatin and work. Some were C
disposed to magnify the scientific fea- C
-tures and der practice. These attached '
importance onl to the determinations t
of the laboratory. Others, again, were'
dipoedto sneer at science and its I
methods, and to rely solely upon the t
wractical results reached in the stall or C
eld. In other words, it was the old ~
conflict between theory and practice- C
the contending parties confounding t
acience with theory, and appearing to f
forget that there is, that there can be, no
real conflict between the two. For I
scienee and practice go hand in hand,'
one npementing the other. Science '
shold lwas base its conclusions on ex- 8
mental evdncotherwise it degener- I
stes into theory. And practice with no C
scientific prncplsto rest on is too
*often merlyempiricism-simple rule of a
thumb. Inthe station theory should t
always be subjected to the test of prac- a
tice. Conclusions reached, or results a
arrived at in the laboratory, where all e
the conditions are under the control of I
the investigator- should, if possible, be I
vested or verified in Nature's laboratory,
the field, where the conditions are al
nost infinitely varied-and but little
mbject to control
It cannot be denied, however, that the
golden mean here, as elsewhere, is most
lifficult of attainment, that the tendency
is to one extreme or the other, with con
sequent action and reaction. In some
juarters there is a growing opposition to
to field work, or rather to the system of
plat experimentation. Finding that the
returns of similar or duplicate plats are
often discordant, it is held that it is im
possible to secure uniformity of soil
ed that the differences observed must
be ascribed to differences in the fertility
>f the soil of the plats used. At some
stations abroad this method of experi
nenting has been, in consequence,
bandoned. Dr. Sturtevant. while di
rector of the New York station, strongly
pposed it. But, in my opinion, such
nasty action is unwise and opposedto all
icientific precedent. Chemicalanalyses,
when duplicated, differed at first just as
widely-so did astronomical observa
ions. But the chemist and the astron
mer went to work to discover and cor
eect errors, to perfect their methods, to
maprove their apparatus and instra
nents. More care was observed in their!
work, more pains taken. And as the re
mit, high value now attaches to their
nethods. But they do not, even yet,
rust to single tests or observations
luplication is considered all important,
md averages are chiefly dealt with.
The sources of error in plat experi
nentation are many and varied. Slight
lifferences in the mechanical or chemical
onditions of the plats used-in their ex
yosure and situation, in the seed or fer
ilizers, in the preparation and cultiva
ion given, slight errors in weighing or
neasuring, slight injuries from insects,
storm, or accident, may affect the re
uts. If small plats are used, the error,
whatever may be its source, is largely
nagnified when the calculations are
nade per acre. An error of one pound
n a one-twentieth acre plat thien be
ome one of twenty pounds. It may be
asked: "Why not use large plats? In
acre plats an error of one pound would
cot be multiplied at all." This is very
rue, and much of the value attaching to
he experiments of Lawes is due to the
act that many of them have been made
in acre plats. The chief objection to
ach plats is their cost. Large areas are
equired. And the larger the surface
he more difficult does it become to so
are uniformity of soil and exposure and
o make the other conditions of the test
gree. Ten tests would require ten
ores, or, if duplicated, twenty. And to
abject them to the same conditions,
>ough, plant, till and gather all at thel
ame time and in the same way, would
equire means and resources far beyond
he command of the experiment station.
wes is an English land-holder of large
ealth and larger liberality, and yet he
Les not duplicate his tests. This I have
lways considered the weak point in his
rork.
We must, therefore, fall back on
mall plats and endeavor to make the
aost of them. Greater care and accura
y must be used, every possible source
f error discovered and removed, and
he amount of error incident to the sys
em, and, therefore, irremediable, deter
ained and allowed for. Every test must
e duplicated, and, above all, must be
ontinued for years. With such pre
autions, Imake bold to assert that plat
xperiments can be made to give valu
ble results. In 1883 1 noted the differ
ace between the two similar plats of
even different tests. In every year
ince, with greater care and accuracy,
rid profiting by experience gained, the
ifference has been steadily reduced.
nd by repeating the same tests year
ter year I have been able approximate
to determine the probable error in
oved and to make due allowance for it.
tnd I cannot but hold that our tests,
as made, showing the continued an
ierority of one variety of cotton for
our successive years, have value as well
interest. Pot experiments have been
ecommended by some as substitutes for
eld tests. One method should rather
ipplement the other. Plants grown in
igmid solutions, or in specially prepared
oils in the laboratory or green-house,
re subjected to iunnatural conditions,
nd the results of such tests, when not
hecked or verified by others in the field,
an be of little immediate value to the
armer. And yet in time they will bear
mit. All these methods should be used
ogether; all are valuable as means to a
ommon end-the advancement of agri
alture.
And now, perhaps, you can better un
testanid the considerations which have
ontrolled us in the organization of our
tation. In some States the stations re
ently established under the provisions
* the Hateh Act devote the larger part
f their resources to purely scientific
rork. We have held that, mn our sec
ion at least, many important questions
ifecting agricultural practice-the best
odes of tillage, systems of rotation and
be varieties of seeds, the improvement
breeds of cattle, &c.-questions which
an only be settled in the stall or field
emand and should receive our atten
ion. We have, therefore, divided thef
cnds at the command of the station
15,000 from .he Hatch fund and $5,000
rom the bureau of agriculture-ir-to tr-o
qual parts, one to be devoted to il
rork and the other to scientific investi
tion. The two lines of work will be
mde to supplement-to check~, correct,
r verify-each other.
The organization adopted one man
gement, with a centrally located scien-!
ic stafl, and three farms-one at the1
me centre as thme staff, where the field
nd stall tests requiring the greatest
are and most expensive appliances can
e carried on under the eye of the direc
o and his assistants, and the other two
in different agricultural belts of the ,
State-as one which combines economy
of money and labor with great variety of <
work and a wide field of operations. By a
far the largest portion of its work has <
already been assigned the station by1
State and Federal legislation.
The Act of Assembly in 1886, from ]
which it derives a part of its funds, pre
scribes: "The object shall be determine .
the capacity of new plants for acclima- ;
tion, the manurial value of fertilizers<
and composts; testing the purity and i
vitality of seeds; examining weeds, ]
grasses and other p!ants; investigating
the growth, requirements and compara- 1
tive value of different crops; studying
the economic production of milk and
butter, and of conducting such other
tests, investigations and experiments in )
the field as may bear upon questions 1
connected with the science or practice of
agriculture. !
The United States law known as the
"Hatch Act" is still more explicit, for in
Section 2 it provides: "That it shall be
the object and duty of said experiment
stations to conduct original researches
or verify experiments on the physiology
of plants and animals; the diseases to
which they are severally subject, with
the remedies for the same; the chemical
composition of useful plants at their
different stages of growth; the compara- '
tive advantages of cropping as pursued
under a varying series of crops; the I
capacity of new plants and and trees for
acclimation; the analyses of soils and
water; the chemical composition of
manures, natural and artificial, with the
experiments designated to test their com
parative effects on crops of different
kinds; the adaptation and value of
grasses and forage plants; the composi
tion and digestibility of the different
kinds of food for domestic animals; the
scientific and economic questions in
volved in the production of butter and
cheese; and such other researches or ex- s
periments bearing directly on the agri
cultural industry of .the United States as
may in each case be deemed advisable,
having due regard to the varying condi
tions and needs of the respective States
and Territories." Herein is mapped out
an enormous amount of work of the
most varied kind, work which requires
field tests without end and analyses by
the thousand, and calls for a large corps
of trained specialists and practical agri
culturalists.
We propose to meet these demands to a
the best of our ability. The
FIELD WORK AND TESTS o
C
will be carried on at our three farms.
At the upper or Piedmont farm the
cereals and grasses, stock-raising, fruit
culture, &c., will receive a large share of
the attention. At the central farm field n
experiments in the acclimation of plants,
and stall tests of the digestibility of food
will be made. Such tests require a large
amount of chemical research. The food
and water allowed the animals and the t
excrements must be analyzed, the form- d
er repeatedly and the latter daily.
Again, the experiments bearing upon
the economic production of milk, butter
:nd meat must be conducted on this
farm. And here must be grown the
plants to be analyzed at different stages y
of their growth. For all these materials
must be in easy reach of the laboratories
and should be gathered or collected by r
the analyst in person. At the lower
farm tests of forage plants for ensilage, .
of the sugar cane, sorghum, &c., will re
ceive special attention. . But all these p
will devote much time and labor to tests I
bearing upon the economic production 0
of our great rtaples, rotations, farm p
practice, &c. At each farm every test C
will be duplicated, and as many of the 0
will be carried on simultaneously at all
three, there will be a checking and veri- 0
ying of the work which will give to the 0
resulte great value and weight. And
this repetition will enable us also to de
termnine the effects of differences in cli- c
mate or soil upon the same kind of plant
or fertilizer. Our field tests, carried on
at such widely separated and representa- 1
tive points, will have interest for the
farmer of every section of the State.
Field experiments confined to one lo-e
eality give valuable information only to
the farmers occupying soil exactly simi
ar to that of the station. To remedy
this, many stations have been compelled
to make arrangements for having their
field tests carried on at several points,
scometimes leaving their direction to un
trained and irresponsible men. '
I may add that we have 256 plats laid1
off for experiments with cotton at Co
lumbia, and 200 at each of the other two n
farms. We have provided 140 for corn
at each of the three. At Columbia theseb
field tests will be supplemented by pot '
experiments in the green house. The 12
ife history of the cotton plant will be 31
carefully studied, its germination, rootg
system, growth, fruitification, &c. Im
proved farm machinery will be tested at '
all three farms. As I have already ex
plained, one-half of our income, or $10,
000, has been set apart for field work. a
The other hal will be required to meet s'
the cost of scientific investigations. It t
must be explained, however, that underI
this head will be included the cost of the s
publication and distribution of the
monthly bulletins and annual reportU
postage,stationery, chemicals, apparatus, ~
gas, fuel, traveling expenses, &-c. as well
as salaries of the staff. The scientifti
work will be done by the following:~
ficers:
The director will have general super- e
vision of the station, managing its busi- t
ness affairs, conducting its correspond
mece, planning or suggesting the experi
cienta or investigations,preparing the Ia
bulletins and rep~orts, &o. It is our a
desire to make the station a bureau oX a
information for the farmers of the State.!
Correspondence will be invited and|
questions relating to agricultural sub-| a
jects promptly answered. The vice di- |
retnr will .have enecial charge of the I b
experiments relating to animalhusbandry
the economic production of milk, butter,
,heese, meat, &c. He will also, with the
tseistance of the chemist, make stall tests
>f the digestibility of different foods.
these require the closest attention and
lirect personal supervision, and it is
doped that a thoroughly trained special
a.t will be secured for the work. The
hemist, with two assistants, will make
dl the analyses required. These will in
;lude the analyses of the fertilizers used
n our field tests, of all kinds of farm
roducts, .of plants at their different
stages of growth, of waters, of compost
mnd other kinds of manures, of dairy
products, &c. . Analyses of articles for
warded to the station will be made with
>ut charge whenever they promise results
possessing interest for the farming pub
ic.
An officer has been provided for the
analyses of the soils. When
THE APPLICATION OF CHEMISTRY
,o agriculture was made by Liebig much
vas expected of the chemical analysis of
soil, but the fulfillment fell far short
if the promise, and the method of soil
avestigation was for a time abandoned.
:t is now held that the chemical analysis
)f a soil, standing alone, is worth com
>aratively little. To be of value it must
>e taken in connection with the mechan
cal analysis, which gives the physical
roperties of the soil-its relations to
teat, moisture, &c. Such work requires
pecial appliances and training. The
)rofessor selected has studied for years
a the laboratory of the greatest authori
y on this subject in this country. The
ame olicer will make examinations of
.11 connercial seeds sold in our market
-determining their purity and vitality
nd will have charge of the meteorologi
al observations and investigations. He
vill also carry on work in micro-pho
ography. Photography now plays an
portant part in every department of
cience. It is specially valuable in
icroscopic investigations. By its aid
he merest speck on the field of the
icroscope can be fixed on paper and
tudied at leisure. The botanist and
ntomologist will study plants and in
ects common to our section, will carry
,n experiments in vegetable physiology,
ill investigate the fungoid diseases of
plants, and will determine and name any
>lant or insect sent to the station for ex
mination. The veterinarian will give
is special attention to animal diseases
nd the remedies for the same.
The microscopist and bacteriologist
ill perhaps be the most valuable officer
onnected with the station. Bacteriology,
science developed within the last twen
y years, promises to db much for the
dvancement of agriculture. As re
iarked under the preceding. head, the
art played by bacteria in all kinds of
armention is now fully recognized.
'hey are known to produce malignant
ypes of disease-diphtheria, fevers, con
amption, &c. Anthrax, which ravages
ae sheep folds of France, the silk worm
isease, the blight which destroys our
ear trees, and numerous other ills of
lant and animal life are now laid at the
oor of these wonderful little organisms.
,y studying their life history Pasteur
ras able to save the silk industry of
'rance, to inoculate against the anthrax,
ad greatly to improve the methods in
se in French breweries. We have al
eady noticed the practical application
lade of the teachings of the new science
1 the process of ensilage; but its
romise is greater in another department
f agriculture-the theory and practice
f soil fertilization. Nitrogen, so indis
ensible to the plants, is the most costly
nstituent of fertilizers, and the dream
f the agricultural investigator has been
2e discovery of a cheap and easy method
f rendering available the inert nitrogen
f the air. This would indeed prove the
hilosopher's Stone, to convert dead
Latter into golden haivests. The dis
avery would revolutionize the agricul
aral world.
Every one knows the important part
layed by nitric acid in the nutrition of
getables. It is the opinion of many
at it is only in this form that nitrngen
aters the plant. Hence the process of
utrification has been closely studied.
'he old theories of iebig and others
ave given way before the discoveries of
chloesing, Muntz and Warrington, who
sem to have established that nutrifica
on (the formation of nitric acid in the
il) is the work of a living organism,
ne of the irresponsible bacteria. In I
bher words it is considered a kind of
irmentation. Of the application of this I
ew theory so careful and cautious a
ienist as Stores remarks: "The proba
ilities are that the mere discovery of
hat appears to be the true theory of I
trification, viz., the ferment theory, I
Lst now alluded to, will ultimately I
teatly increase the production of food.
ot only will farmers soon learn to make
mposts, and to ap~ply manure in aI
~ore rational manner than was possible
efore, but they will take pains to foster
2d protect the ferment germs, and to
> them, as it were, and to cultivate.
aem in fit placcs."
In closing, I will only say that the
ation has already entered upon its
ok. Hundreds of field tests are now
tprogress, many analyses of fertilizers,
ods and seeds have been made, and a
ulletin is in press and wilh be dis
-buted next week. Lists of farmers
ve been secured from every county in
e State. Two thousand five hundred
pies will be issued.
. believe, with our organization and 1
e co-operation of the farmers of the
tate, we can do much to advance its
ricultural interests. I ask that your*
soiation will give us your confidence
ad support.
Rcesolutions Adopted.
The address occupied about an hour,
2d at its close Dr. Mcflryde retired.:
he Association then proceeded withj
sinness The following preamble and
resolutions were offered by the executive
committee:
We, the farmers of Orangeburg coun
ty, in convention assembled, believing
that the introduction of a more progres
sive and economical mode of farming is
the only remedy for the depression of the
agricultural interests of our State; and
convinced that the same can only be re
alized by the education of our youth in
the science of agriculture, and the ex
perience of the past having demonstrated
that quch knowledge bannot be acquired
in an institution devoted to mixed litera
ry and agricultural courses; therefore,
be it resolved.
1. That we reiterate our convi'ction
that a separate agricultural and mechan
ical college is imperatively demanded in
our State, and we pledge ourselves to a
continuance of the most earnest efforts
to establish the same.
2. That we regard the recommenda
tion of the board of trustees of the South
Carolina University for the enlargement
of the annex as an acknowledgment of
the correctness of the charge of in
efficiency of that adjunct of the institu
tion, and we refer to their report of nine
students taking an agricultural course
out of an attendance of 165 as confirma
tory of our opinion.
3. That the action of the Legislature
in enlarging the annex and increasing
the appropriation therefor was a useless
expenditure, and we dredict for the new
school a repetition-of the ignoble failure
of the old.
The resolutions were thoroughly dis
cussed.
An able essay on the subject of sup
porting a separate agricultural institu
tion was read by Dr. W. T. C. Bates.
The resolutions were adopted seriatim,
there being only one dissenting vote.
mad were ordered to be published in the
county papers.
A resolution was offered and unani
mously adopted, thanking Dr. McBryde
for his able, scholarly aid chaste ad
dress.
A SUNDAY BULL FIGHT.
Ferrible Scenes-Eighteen People Burned
to Death-A Genuine Pandemonium.
CELATA, MExIco, April 5.-Sunday
afternoon, about 5 o'clock, the bull ring
here, while crowded with spectators, was
;et on fire by several prisoners who were
witnessing the fight under guard. A
panic seized the vast assemblage and a
rightful loss of life resulted. Eighteen
ives were lost by persons being burned
to death, while others were so badly
burned they will probably die. Two
aundred others were more or less burned,
3ruised, trampled upon by the crowd
and tossed by the maddened bulls, which I
ascaped from the pens into the crowd.
Many women and children jumped from
;he upper side of the ring, a distance of
wenty to thirty feet, and were hurt,
tome seriously. Among the dead are
wo women, gored to death by the bulls
Lud afterward burned, who have been
aken from the ruins. The scenes were
sickening ones. Many persons lost their
reason from the mental shock. In the
onfusion the prisoners, who had set the
-ing on fire, made their escape.
The best society of Gelaya was in at
:endance. It was Easter Sunday, the
eturn of the season of gayety after Lent.
An unusual number of ladies and little
ihildren were present and were sufferers.
1o man lost his life, the helpless little
>nes and their mothers, who would not
lesert their offspring, being the victims.
The Summer Encampment.
It has been definitely ascertained that
he summer encampment of the State
nilitary will be held in Greenville about
le last week in July. Twenty-eight
ompanies have already expressed to the
d jutant-general their willingness to
nter into the encampment. It is con
idently expected that there will be at
east thirty-five companies on the ground
then the 'week begins. The Fourth
3rigade will be represented by a bat
alion under the command of Maor B.
I. Rutledge, Jr. The Sumter Guards,
larolina Rifles and Irish Volunteers
Lave already expressed their intention
si attending.
The entire control of the affairs of the
ncampment has been given* by the
lovernor and adjutant-general to Briga
tir General Huguenin. General Hu
-uenin will be escorted to Greenville by
1is entire staff. Arrangements are now
ontemnplated by General Euguenin to)
ave deputy officers appointed in Green-i
ille to make preparations for the re-'
eption of the troops upon their arrival.
Iamp equipage, quartermaster's and
ominary stores will be on hand when
be encampment opens. General Hu
vuenin engages to have everything in
be best shape possible several days
head of the encampment. One of!
iharleston's excellent bands will be takenI
a Greenville to make music for the
oliers.-Charleston World.
'Il GAVE jJP TO DIE.
Kxoxvnm, TENN., July 2, 1887.
I have had catarrh of the head for six
ears. I went to a noted doctor and he
r ated mec for it, but could not cure me,
e said. I was over fifty years old and I
ave up to die. I haud a distressing
ough; my eyes were swollen and I am
onfident I could not have lived without'
change. I sent and got one bottle of
'our B. B. B., used it, and felt better.
Ihen I got four more, and thank God!
Scured me. Use this any way you may
rish for the good of sufferers.
Mxs. MATILDA NICHOns.
27 Florida Street.
After all, do strikes really interfere with
:thor?' The bhr ksmiith acconiplishes -as
uluch hard work as an~ybody, and~ yet he
son the strike pretty much all the time.
Vhen lhe isn't on the strike he is blowing.
ust like the ordinary labor agitator. you
A TERRIBLE "VARMINT."
frow a Mysterious Animal is Playing
Havoc in Anderson.
A correspondent of the Anderson In
telligencer writing from the vicinity of
Deep Creek Grange Hall, says of a
strange creature now creating a sensa
tion there:
Some time during Thursday, the 29th
ult., at Mr. W. L. Davis's it killed and
eat a pup, about two or three months
old, and was seen by Mr. Davis, who
describes it as looking very much like a
dog. Thursday night it was seen by
Mr. A. P. Quales at his hourse, and it
appeared to want to pass through the
door into the house, but was prevented
by Mr. Quales shutting the door. He
says it is a very pretty animal, and that
it has a dark colored body, erect ears
and a bushy tail. Mr. R. M. Quales
saw it in day time at some distance, and
describes it as above. During Thursday
night it visited the residence of W. B.
Martin, where it killed one pig and fear
fully mangled another one larger than
the one killed. We were shown the one
that was torn, and found both ears torn
off close to the head, and all the skin
and flesh goce from the eyes to the end
of the nose, except the very tip of the
nose. We also were shown quite a num
ber of the tracks made by the thing
while after the pigs, and found them
closely resembling a dog track. Don't
think one person in a hundred could
detect any difference. On Friday morn
ing it was at Mr. S. C. George's, where
it attacked a calf but did no damage. It
was seen by Mr. Tom Rice while at Mr.
George's. It has also been seen by Mr.
W. A. McGill, Wm. Davis, B. B. Davis
and Mrs. B. B. Barnet, so we are in
forned. Mr. H. H. Gray informs us
that during the wet weather five puppies
on his plantation were eaten one night.
and supposed to have been done by the
same thing. It is generally supposed to
be a wolf or something closely allied to
the dog tribe -by its resemblance to a
dog to such a marked degree. Mr. W.
A. G. McWhorter adjourned his road
hands Friday evening and a hunt was
made for it, participated in by twenty
five or thirty citizens, armed with guns,
pistols, rocks and sticks, but the hunt
was unsuccessful. Nearly everybody
goes armed, and night travel is almost a
thing of the past. A feeling of unrest
pervades the community.
A Pathetic Story,
No death that has occurred in New
York in years has been more pathetic
than that of the blind newsdealer, Tom
Donohue, which occurred last Saturday
night-self-inflicted though it was. A
good, honest workman, he lost his eyes
nearly twenty years ago. To keep soul
and body together he sold newsopers at
a little stand at the corner of Fourth
avenue and Thirty-second street. He
could tell his newspapers by the feel,
and the skill with which he made change
wa, a marvel. When he felt sufficiently
prosperous he wooed and won a 1 who
had been blind from birth. Itheir
affliction they were happy and as con
tented, perhaps, as most people. A
month ago the wife fell ill and was sent
to the hospital. Blind Tom struggled
on. He had saved about $300, which he
hid in the stowe-pipe in his room in
Fourth avenue. Last week the blikzard
worried and depressed him. Then some
body built a fire in his room when he was
absent and the fortune in the stove-pipe
vanished. Poor Tom, lonely, discour
aged and aweary, took the strap which
had so often served him in carrying his
newspapers, tied is about his neck, and
suspending himself to a transom passed
out into the darkness beyond the land of
sorrow. A stricken wife and a poor lit
tle dog which used to lead him back and
forth from his news stand are disconso
late. Poor Tom!-New York World,
Without Food for Thirty-nine Days.
Mr. George Allen, who for many years
has lived at Montmnorenci died on Sun
day evening last at 8 o'clock from starva
tion, havimg gone without a particle of
food for thirty-seven days. We under
stand he had been a great sufferer for a
long time with a complaint of the stom
ach and everything he ate gave him in
tense pasin. He would take no medicine
and taking a notion that he could starve
the disease out, he commenced to fast
taking nothing but water-and for thirty
seven days nothing else entered his
stomach. On the thirty-seventh day he
became unconscious and his family coin
mnenced to give him stimulants and food
in very small quantities, but it was too
[ate. He died two days later, or just
thirty-nine days from thecommencement
of the fast. Mr. Allen thought that by
tasting 40 days he could starve out the
:lisease, but he miscalculated on his
powers of endurance. He was about 60
years of age; was an intelligent and well
educated man and his neighbors speak in
tLs highes-t terms of him a3 a friend and
acighbor.-Aihen Journal.
For the Floral Fair in Charleston,
Which commences on Tuesday the
17th inst., special rates for board will be
affeared at 2 Glebe S-reet, where first
elass accommodations may be procured.
Location within easy reach of all points
of interest in the city. Street cars pasa
the door. Remember the place-corner
of Glebe and Wentworth Streets. Write
and engage board. Address, Mas. E. E.
SLor MISs S. S. EDWARDs,
CRARLESTON, S. C.
The health journals. and the doctors all
igree that the best and most wholesome
part of the ordinary country doughnuts is
the hole. The larger the hole, they say,
the better the doughnut.
"Shall I pass you the butter, Mr. Chunk
erson?" asked the new boarder. '"Thanks,"
replied the experienced boarder; "you may
hiad it in this direction anr1 let it ome."