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VOL. III. MANNING, CLARENDON COUNTY, S. C., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 1888. NO,13 ABOUT AGRICULTURAL STATIONS SOME ACCOUNT OF THEIR ESTAB LISHMENT AND PROGRESS. The Address of Dr. J. M. McBryde. Presi dent of the South Carolina College, be fore the 'armer' Club of Orangeburg. (From Lhe News and Courier.) Dr. J. M. McBryde, president of the South Carolina College, was introduced as the orator of the day. He delivered a most carefully prepared speech, full of practical information for farmers. The first part of this address was on the sub- 1 ject of ensilage, and he told the farmers how to construct their silos and what to plant to make ensilage. He also' told them of the value of ensilage as a winter food for cattle. This part of the speech was of a most practical nature and full of valuable facts. - ] After exhausting the subject of ensi lage Dr. McBryde took up the subject of experimental stations and gave them a thorough treatment. He said: The xe ent station is of modern origin. Inmy study of ancient Roman husbandry, I stumbled upon the follow ing passage in Palladius, a Latin author of the fourth century, which would seem to show, however, that its germ existed in the distant past. He writes: "Accord- : ing the Greeks, the Egyptians experi mentally determine beforehand the value , of every variety of seed in this way. 4 They cultivate a small portion of a well tilled mellow field, and dividing it up , into plats, sow on these all kinds of < ranor leguminous seeds. During the dog days, which occur at Rome about 1 the muddle of July, they ascertain which [ plants are destroyed and which are left' - uninjured by the reigning constellation. They avoid the former but procure the ! latter, because the arid star gives a fore- F shadowing of its noxious or beneficial , inftuence on each kind of crop in the coming year by its present destructive or salutary effects." It is usually stated that the experiment< etation, as we know it, was first estab-, lished at Meeckern, near Leipsic, in, 1851, with Emil Wolff as director. But before Lawes at Rothamstead, t d, had begun his celebrated series t of agricultural experiments and really f founded, at his on charge, a station < which has continued its work from that e -day to this and taken rank as the oldest 2 and best in the world. t Stations have since been established in c all the larger States of the German Em- t -ein Austro-Hungary, France, Great a 'tain, Russia, Ital, Spain, Denmark, a Norway, Sweden, Holland, Belgium and s the United States. Some of tnese sta tions cover the whole field of agricul- s taral experimentation, others exist for a r spial purpose. Some are charged with t control of fertilizers or seeds, some I are devoted exclusively to wine produc- v tion, some to brewing, some to dairy d products, some to forestry, some to olive a or silk culture, some to sugar production , and some to the manufacture of aloholic liquors. Some years ago the forty German sta tions then at work were classified as fol lows: Thirteen were engaged in re- a searches in animal physiology; twenty t in vegetable physiology; five were busied t chifly with studies in the chemistry and r physics of the soil; four made a specihl ty of grape culture and wine production, e and 4ve of questions in agricultural e technology. Besides the work above mentioned a control of the trade in fer- a tilizers, by analyses of wares bought and sold, was exercised by twenty-eight, of that in seeds by sixteen, and of that in fodder materials by thirteen stations. The great speialization of the work a here shown should be particularly noted. 3 The first experiment staties is .country was established by Connecticut 1 at Middletown, in connection with Wesleyan University, with Dr. Atwater j SB director, in 1875. Some years after-t wards it was tranusferred to New Haven and connected with the Sheffield Scien tific School at Yale and the directorship a 2given to Prof. S. W. Johnson-. THE SE00ND srAION masestablished by North Carolina. Now, there is one in eZ State in the Union1 and in several of e Territories. The a stations in several States were charged a bylaw with the control of fertilizers. a until recently more than one have con cerned themselves almost exclusively with analyses of fertilizes, feeding stuf i and chemical researches, and have had i no land for field experiments. In these, t therefore, the work was exclusively e scientific. In other States the sain were established in connection with the farm belonging to the Agricultural Cob Aege, and confined themselves to field C ezperiments, attempting little scientific C ~work. -A wide difference of opinion a prevailed at first in regard totherprop. C er organizatin and work. Some were C disposed to magnify the scientific fea- C -tures and der practice. These attached ' importance onl to the determinations t of the laboratory. Others, again, were' dipoedto sneer at science and its I methods, and to rely solely upon the t wractical results reached in the stall or C eld. In other words, it was the old ~ conflict between theory and practice- C the contending parties confounding t acience with theory, and appearing to f forget that there is, that there can be, no real conflict between the two. For I scienee and practice go hand in hand,' one npementing the other. Science ' shold lwas base its conclusions on ex- 8 mental evdncotherwise it degener- I stes into theory. And practice with no C scientific prncplsto rest on is too *often merlyempiricism-simple rule of a thumb. Inthe station theory should t always be subjected to the test of prac- a tice. Conclusions reached, or results a arrived at in the laboratory, where all e the conditions are under the control of I the investigator- should, if possible, be I vested or verified in Nature's laboratory, the field, where the conditions are al nost infinitely varied-and but little mbject to control It cannot be denied, however, that the golden mean here, as elsewhere, is most lifficult of attainment, that the tendency is to one extreme or the other, with con sequent action and reaction. In some juarters there is a growing opposition to to field work, or rather to the system of plat experimentation. Finding that the returns of similar or duplicate plats are often discordant, it is held that it is im possible to secure uniformity of soil ed that the differences observed must be ascribed to differences in the fertility >f the soil of the plats used. At some stations abroad this method of experi nenting has been, in consequence, bandoned. Dr. Sturtevant. while di rector of the New York station, strongly pposed it. But, in my opinion, such nasty action is unwise and opposedto all icientific precedent. Chemicalanalyses, when duplicated, differed at first just as widely-so did astronomical observa ions. But the chemist and the astron mer went to work to discover and cor eect errors, to perfect their methods, to maprove their apparatus and instra nents. More care was observed in their! work, more pains taken. And as the re mit, high value now attaches to their nethods. But they do not, even yet, rust to single tests or observations luplication is considered all important, md averages are chiefly dealt with. The sources of error in plat experi nentation are many and varied. Slight lifferences in the mechanical or chemical onditions of the plats used-in their ex yosure and situation, in the seed or fer ilizers, in the preparation and cultiva ion given, slight errors in weighing or neasuring, slight injuries from insects, storm, or accident, may affect the re uts. If small plats are used, the error, whatever may be its source, is largely nagnified when the calculations are nade per acre. An error of one pound n a one-twentieth acre plat thien be ome one of twenty pounds. It may be asked: "Why not use large plats? In acre plats an error of one pound would cot be multiplied at all." This is very rue, and much of the value attaching to he experiments of Lawes is due to the act that many of them have been made in acre plats. The chief objection to ach plats is their cost. Large areas are equired. And the larger the surface he more difficult does it become to so are uniformity of soil and exposure and o make the other conditions of the test gree. Ten tests would require ten ores, or, if duplicated, twenty. And to abject them to the same conditions, >ough, plant, till and gather all at thel ame time and in the same way, would equire means and resources far beyond he command of the experiment station. wes is an English land-holder of large ealth and larger liberality, and yet he Les not duplicate his tests. This I have lways considered the weak point in his rork. We must, therefore, fall back on mall plats and endeavor to make the aost of them. Greater care and accura y must be used, every possible source f error discovered and removed, and he amount of error incident to the sys em, and, therefore, irremediable, deter ained and allowed for. Every test must e duplicated, and, above all, must be ontinued for years. With such pre autions, Imake bold to assert that plat xperiments can be made to give valu ble results. In 1883 1 noted the differ ace between the two similar plats of even different tests. In every year ince, with greater care and accuracy, rid profiting by experience gained, the ifference has been steadily reduced. nd by repeating the same tests year ter year I have been able approximate to determine the probable error in oved and to make due allowance for it. tnd I cannot but hold that our tests, as made, showing the continued an ierority of one variety of cotton for our successive years, have value as well interest. Pot experiments have been ecommended by some as substitutes for eld tests. One method should rather ipplement the other. Plants grown in igmid solutions, or in specially prepared oils in the laboratory or green-house, re subjected to iunnatural conditions, nd the results of such tests, when not hecked or verified by others in the field, an be of little immediate value to the armer. And yet in time they will bear mit. All these methods should be used ogether; all are valuable as means to a ommon end-the advancement of agri alture. And now, perhaps, you can better un testanid the considerations which have ontrolled us in the organization of our tation. In some States the stations re ently established under the provisions * the Hateh Act devote the larger part f their resources to purely scientific rork. We have held that, mn our sec ion at least, many important questions ifecting agricultural practice-the best odes of tillage, systems of rotation and be varieties of seeds, the improvement breeds of cattle, &c.-questions which an only be settled in the stall or field emand and should receive our atten ion. We have, therefore, divided thef cnds at the command of the station 15,000 from .he Hatch fund and $5,000 rom the bureau of agriculture-ir-to tr-o qual parts, one to be devoted to il rork and the other to scientific investi tion. The two lines of work will be mde to supplement-to check~, correct, r verify-each other. The organization adopted one man gement, with a centrally located scien-! ic stafl, and three farms-one at the1 me centre as thme staff, where the field nd stall tests requiring the greatest are and most expensive appliances can e carried on under the eye of the direc o and his assistants, and the other two in different agricultural belts of the , State-as one which combines economy of money and labor with great variety of < work and a wide field of operations. By a far the largest portion of its work has < already been assigned the station by1 State and Federal legislation. The Act of Assembly in 1886, from ] which it derives a part of its funds, pre scribes: "The object shall be determine . the capacity of new plants for acclima- ; tion, the manurial value of fertilizers< and composts; testing the purity and i vitality of seeds; examining weeds, ] grasses and other p!ants; investigating the growth, requirements and compara- 1 tive value of different crops; studying the economic production of milk and butter, and of conducting such other tests, investigations and experiments in ) the field as may bear upon questions 1 connected with the science or practice of agriculture. ! The United States law known as the "Hatch Act" is still more explicit, for in Section 2 it provides: "That it shall be the object and duty of said experiment stations to conduct original researches or verify experiments on the physiology of plants and animals; the diseases to which they are severally subject, with the remedies for the same; the chemical composition of useful plants at their different stages of growth; the compara- ' tive advantages of cropping as pursued under a varying series of crops; the I capacity of new plants and and trees for acclimation; the analyses of soils and water; the chemical composition of manures, natural and artificial, with the experiments designated to test their com parative effects on crops of different kinds; the adaptation and value of grasses and forage plants; the composi tion and digestibility of the different kinds of food for domestic animals; the scientific and economic questions in volved in the production of butter and cheese; and such other researches or ex- s periments bearing directly on the agri cultural industry of .the United States as may in each case be deemed advisable, having due regard to the varying condi tions and needs of the respective States and Territories." Herein is mapped out an enormous amount of work of the most varied kind, work which requires field tests without end and analyses by the thousand, and calls for a large corps of trained specialists and practical agri culturalists. We propose to meet these demands to a the best of our ability. The FIELD WORK AND TESTS o C will be carried on at our three farms. At the upper or Piedmont farm the cereals and grasses, stock-raising, fruit culture, &c., will receive a large share of the attention. At the central farm field n experiments in the acclimation of plants, and stall tests of the digestibility of food will be made. Such tests require a large amount of chemical research. The food and water allowed the animals and the t excrements must be analyzed, the form- d er repeatedly and the latter daily. Again, the experiments bearing upon the economic production of milk, butter :nd meat must be conducted on this farm. And here must be grown the plants to be analyzed at different stages y of their growth. For all these materials must be in easy reach of the laboratories and should be gathered or collected by r the analyst in person. At the lower farm tests of forage plants for ensilage, . of the sugar cane, sorghum, &c., will re ceive special attention. . But all these p will devote much time and labor to tests I bearing upon the economic production 0 of our great rtaples, rotations, farm p practice, &c. At each farm every test C will be duplicated, and as many of the 0 will be carried on simultaneously at all three, there will be a checking and veri- 0 ying of the work which will give to the 0 resulte great value and weight. And this repetition will enable us also to de termnine the effects of differences in cli- c mate or soil upon the same kind of plant or fertilizer. Our field tests, carried on at such widely separated and representa- 1 tive points, will have interest for the farmer of every section of the State. Field experiments confined to one lo-e eality give valuable information only to the farmers occupying soil exactly simi ar to that of the station. To remedy this, many stations have been compelled to make arrangements for having their field tests carried on at several points, scometimes leaving their direction to un trained and irresponsible men. ' I may add that we have 256 plats laid1 off for experiments with cotton at Co lumbia, and 200 at each of the other two n farms. We have provided 140 for corn at each of the three. At Columbia theseb field tests will be supplemented by pot ' experiments in the green house. The 12 ife history of the cotton plant will be 31 carefully studied, its germination, rootg system, growth, fruitification, &c. Im proved farm machinery will be tested at ' all three farms. As I have already ex plained, one-half of our income, or $10, 000, has been set apart for field work. a The other hal will be required to meet s' the cost of scientific investigations. It t must be explained, however, that underI this head will be included the cost of the s publication and distribution of the monthly bulletins and annual reportU postage,stationery, chemicals, apparatus, ~ gas, fuel, traveling expenses, &-c. as well as salaries of the staff. The scientifti work will be done by the following:~ ficers: The director will have general super- e vision of the station, managing its busi- t ness affairs, conducting its correspond mece, planning or suggesting the experi cienta or investigations,preparing the Ia bulletins and rep~orts, &o. It is our a desire to make the station a bureau oX a information for the farmers of the State.! Correspondence will be invited and| questions relating to agricultural sub-| a jects promptly answered. The vice di- | retnr will .have enecial charge of the I b experiments relating to animalhusbandry the economic production of milk, butter, ,heese, meat, &c. He will also, with the tseistance of the chemist, make stall tests >f the digestibility of different foods. these require the closest attention and lirect personal supervision, and it is doped that a thoroughly trained special a.t will be secured for the work. The hemist, with two assistants, will make dl the analyses required. These will in ;lude the analyses of the fertilizers used n our field tests, of all kinds of farm roducts, .of plants at their different stages of growth, of waters, of compost mnd other kinds of manures, of dairy products, &c. . Analyses of articles for warded to the station will be made with >ut charge whenever they promise results possessing interest for the farming pub ic. An officer has been provided for the analyses of the soils. When THE APPLICATION OF CHEMISTRY ,o agriculture was made by Liebig much vas expected of the chemical analysis of soil, but the fulfillment fell far short if the promise, and the method of soil avestigation was for a time abandoned. :t is now held that the chemical analysis )f a soil, standing alone, is worth com >aratively little. To be of value it must >e taken in connection with the mechan cal analysis, which gives the physical roperties of the soil-its relations to teat, moisture, &c. Such work requires pecial appliances and training. The )rofessor selected has studied for years a the laboratory of the greatest authori y on this subject in this country. The ame olicer will make examinations of .11 connercial seeds sold in our market -determining their purity and vitality nd will have charge of the meteorologi al observations and investigations. He vill also carry on work in micro-pho ography. Photography now plays an portant part in every department of cience. It is specially valuable in icroscopic investigations. By its aid he merest speck on the field of the icroscope can be fixed on paper and tudied at leisure. The botanist and ntomologist will study plants and in ects common to our section, will carry ,n experiments in vegetable physiology, ill investigate the fungoid diseases of plants, and will determine and name any >lant or insect sent to the station for ex mination. The veterinarian will give is special attention to animal diseases nd the remedies for the same. The microscopist and bacteriologist ill perhaps be the most valuable officer onnected with the station. Bacteriology, science developed within the last twen y years, promises to db much for the dvancement of agriculture. As re iarked under the preceding. head, the art played by bacteria in all kinds of armention is now fully recognized. 'hey are known to produce malignant ypes of disease-diphtheria, fevers, con amption, &c. Anthrax, which ravages ae sheep folds of France, the silk worm isease, the blight which destroys our ear trees, and numerous other ills of lant and animal life are now laid at the oor of these wonderful little organisms. ,y studying their life history Pasteur ras able to save the silk industry of 'rance, to inoculate against the anthrax, ad greatly to improve the methods in se in French breweries. We have al eady noticed the practical application lade of the teachings of the new science 1 the process of ensilage; but its romise is greater in another department f agriculture-the theory and practice f soil fertilization. Nitrogen, so indis ensible to the plants, is the most costly nstituent of fertilizers, and the dream f the agricultural investigator has been 2e discovery of a cheap and easy method f rendering available the inert nitrogen f the air. This would indeed prove the hilosopher's Stone, to convert dead Latter into golden haivests. The dis avery would revolutionize the agricul aral world. Every one knows the important part layed by nitric acid in the nutrition of getables. It is the opinion of many at it is only in this form that nitrngen aters the plant. Hence the process of utrification has been closely studied. 'he old theories of iebig and others ave given way before the discoveries of chloesing, Muntz and Warrington, who sem to have established that nutrifica on (the formation of nitric acid in the il) is the work of a living organism, ne of the irresponsible bacteria. In I bher words it is considered a kind of irmentation. Of the application of this I ew theory so careful and cautious a ienist as Stores remarks: "The proba ilities are that the mere discovery of hat appears to be the true theory of I trification, viz., the ferment theory, I Lst now alluded to, will ultimately I teatly increase the production of food. ot only will farmers soon learn to make mposts, and to ap~ply manure in aI ~ore rational manner than was possible efore, but they will take pains to foster 2d protect the ferment germs, and to > them, as it were, and to cultivate. aem in fit placcs." In closing, I will only say that the ation has already entered upon its ok. Hundreds of field tests are now tprogress, many analyses of fertilizers, ods and seeds have been made, and a ulletin is in press and wilh be dis -buted next week. Lists of farmers ve been secured from every county in e State. Two thousand five hundred pies will be issued. . believe, with our organization and 1 e co-operation of the farmers of the tate, we can do much to advance its ricultural interests. I ask that your* soiation will give us your confidence ad support. Rcesolutions Adopted. The address occupied about an hour, 2d at its close Dr. Mcflryde retired.: he Association then proceeded withj sinness The following preamble and resolutions were offered by the executive committee: We, the farmers of Orangeburg coun ty, in convention assembled, believing that the introduction of a more progres sive and economical mode of farming is the only remedy for the depression of the agricultural interests of our State; and convinced that the same can only be re alized by the education of our youth in the science of agriculture, and the ex perience of the past having demonstrated that quch knowledge bannot be acquired in an institution devoted to mixed litera ry and agricultural courses; therefore, be it resolved. 1. That we reiterate our convi'ction that a separate agricultural and mechan ical college is imperatively demanded in our State, and we pledge ourselves to a continuance of the most earnest efforts to establish the same. 2. That we regard the recommenda tion of the board of trustees of the South Carolina University for the enlargement of the annex as an acknowledgment of the correctness of the charge of in efficiency of that adjunct of the institu tion, and we refer to their report of nine students taking an agricultural course out of an attendance of 165 as confirma tory of our opinion. 3. That the action of the Legislature in enlarging the annex and increasing the appropriation therefor was a useless expenditure, and we dredict for the new school a repetition-of the ignoble failure of the old. The resolutions were thoroughly dis cussed. An able essay on the subject of sup porting a separate agricultural institu tion was read by Dr. W. T. C. Bates. The resolutions were adopted seriatim, there being only one dissenting vote. mad were ordered to be published in the county papers. A resolution was offered and unani mously adopted, thanking Dr. McBryde for his able, scholarly aid chaste ad dress. A SUNDAY BULL FIGHT. Ferrible Scenes-Eighteen People Burned to Death-A Genuine Pandemonium. CELATA, MExIco, April 5.-Sunday afternoon, about 5 o'clock, the bull ring here, while crowded with spectators, was ;et on fire by several prisoners who were witnessing the fight under guard. A panic seized the vast assemblage and a rightful loss of life resulted. Eighteen ives were lost by persons being burned to death, while others were so badly burned they will probably die. Two aundred others were more or less burned, 3ruised, trampled upon by the crowd and tossed by the maddened bulls, which I ascaped from the pens into the crowd. Many women and children jumped from ;he upper side of the ring, a distance of wenty to thirty feet, and were hurt, tome seriously. Among the dead are wo women, gored to death by the bulls Lud afterward burned, who have been aken from the ruins. The scenes were sickening ones. Many persons lost their reason from the mental shock. In the onfusion the prisoners, who had set the -ing on fire, made their escape. The best society of Gelaya was in at :endance. It was Easter Sunday, the eturn of the season of gayety after Lent. An unusual number of ladies and little ihildren were present and were sufferers. 1o man lost his life, the helpless little >nes and their mothers, who would not lesert their offspring, being the victims. The Summer Encampment. It has been definitely ascertained that he summer encampment of the State nilitary will be held in Greenville about le last week in July. Twenty-eight ompanies have already expressed to the d jutant-general their willingness to nter into the encampment. It is con idently expected that there will be at east thirty-five companies on the ground then the 'week begins. The Fourth 3rigade will be represented by a bat alion under the command of Maor B. I. Rutledge, Jr. The Sumter Guards, larolina Rifles and Irish Volunteers Lave already expressed their intention si attending. The entire control of the affairs of the ncampment has been given* by the lovernor and adjutant-general to Briga tir General Huguenin. General Hu -uenin will be escorted to Greenville by 1is entire staff. Arrangements are now ontemnplated by General Euguenin to) ave deputy officers appointed in Green-i ille to make preparations for the re-' eption of the troops upon their arrival. Iamp equipage, quartermaster's and ominary stores will be on hand when be encampment opens. General Hu vuenin engages to have everything in be best shape possible several days head of the encampment. One of! iharleston's excellent bands will be takenI a Greenville to make music for the oliers.-Charleston World. 'Il GAVE jJP TO DIE. Kxoxvnm, TENN., July 2, 1887. I have had catarrh of the head for six ears. I went to a noted doctor and he r ated mec for it, but could not cure me, e said. I was over fifty years old and I ave up to die. I haud a distressing ough; my eyes were swollen and I am onfident I could not have lived without' change. I sent and got one bottle of 'our B. B. B., used it, and felt better. Ihen I got four more, and thank God! Scured me. Use this any way you may rish for the good of sufferers. Mxs. MATILDA NICHOns. 27 Florida Street. After all, do strikes really interfere with :thor?' The bhr ksmiith acconiplishes -as uluch hard work as an~ybody, and~ yet he son the strike pretty much all the time. Vhen lhe isn't on the strike he is blowing. ust like the ordinary labor agitator. you A TERRIBLE "VARMINT." frow a Mysterious Animal is Playing Havoc in Anderson. A correspondent of the Anderson In telligencer writing from the vicinity of Deep Creek Grange Hall, says of a strange creature now creating a sensa tion there: Some time during Thursday, the 29th ult., at Mr. W. L. Davis's it killed and eat a pup, about two or three months old, and was seen by Mr. Davis, who describes it as looking very much like a dog. Thursday night it was seen by Mr. A. P. Quales at his hourse, and it appeared to want to pass through the door into the house, but was prevented by Mr. Quales shutting the door. He says it is a very pretty animal, and that it has a dark colored body, erect ears and a bushy tail. Mr. R. M. Quales saw it in day time at some distance, and describes it as above. During Thursday night it visited the residence of W. B. Martin, where it killed one pig and fear fully mangled another one larger than the one killed. We were shown the one that was torn, and found both ears torn off close to the head, and all the skin and flesh goce from the eyes to the end of the nose, except the very tip of the nose. We also were shown quite a num ber of the tracks made by the thing while after the pigs, and found them closely resembling a dog track. Don't think one person in a hundred could detect any difference. On Friday morn ing it was at Mr. S. C. George's, where it attacked a calf but did no damage. It was seen by Mr. Tom Rice while at Mr. George's. It has also been seen by Mr. W. A. McGill, Wm. Davis, B. B. Davis and Mrs. B. B. Barnet, so we are in forned. Mr. H. H. Gray informs us that during the wet weather five puppies on his plantation were eaten one night. and supposed to have been done by the same thing. It is generally supposed to be a wolf or something closely allied to the dog tribe -by its resemblance to a dog to such a marked degree. Mr. W. A. G. McWhorter adjourned his road hands Friday evening and a hunt was made for it, participated in by twenty five or thirty citizens, armed with guns, pistols, rocks and sticks, but the hunt was unsuccessful. Nearly everybody goes armed, and night travel is almost a thing of the past. A feeling of unrest pervades the community. A Pathetic Story, No death that has occurred in New York in years has been more pathetic than that of the blind newsdealer, Tom Donohue, which occurred last Saturday night-self-inflicted though it was. A good, honest workman, he lost his eyes nearly twenty years ago. To keep soul and body together he sold newsopers at a little stand at the corner of Fourth avenue and Thirty-second street. He could tell his newspapers by the feel, and the skill with which he made change wa, a marvel. When he felt sufficiently prosperous he wooed and won a 1 who had been blind from birth. Itheir affliction they were happy and as con tented, perhaps, as most people. A month ago the wife fell ill and was sent to the hospital. Blind Tom struggled on. He had saved about $300, which he hid in the stowe-pipe in his room in Fourth avenue. Last week the blikzard worried and depressed him. Then some body built a fire in his room when he was absent and the fortune in the stove-pipe vanished. Poor Tom, lonely, discour aged and aweary, took the strap which had so often served him in carrying his newspapers, tied is about his neck, and suspending himself to a transom passed out into the darkness beyond the land of sorrow. A stricken wife and a poor lit tle dog which used to lead him back and forth from his news stand are disconso late. Poor Tom!-New York World, Without Food for Thirty-nine Days. Mr. George Allen, who for many years has lived at Montmnorenci died on Sun day evening last at 8 o'clock from starva tion, havimg gone without a particle of food for thirty-seven days. We under stand he had been a great sufferer for a long time with a complaint of the stom ach and everything he ate gave him in tense pasin. He would take no medicine and taking a notion that he could starve the disease out, he commenced to fast taking nothing but water-and for thirty seven days nothing else entered his stomach. On the thirty-seventh day he became unconscious and his family coin mnenced to give him stimulants and food in very small quantities, but it was too [ate. He died two days later, or just thirty-nine days from thecommencement of the fast. Mr. Allen thought that by tasting 40 days he could starve out the :lisease, but he miscalculated on his powers of endurance. He was about 60 years of age; was an intelligent and well educated man and his neighbors speak in tLs highes-t terms of him a3 a friend and acighbor.-Aihen Journal. For the Floral Fair in Charleston, Which commences on Tuesday the 17th inst., special rates for board will be affeared at 2 Glebe S-reet, where first elass accommodations may be procured. Location within easy reach of all points of interest in the city. Street cars pasa the door. Remember the place-corner of Glebe and Wentworth Streets. Write and engage board. Address, Mas. E. E. SLor MISs S. S. EDWARDs, CRARLESTON, S. C. The health journals. and the doctors all igree that the best and most wholesome part of the ordinary country doughnuts is the hole. The larger the hole, they say, the better the doughnut. "Shall I pass you the butter, Mr. Chunk erson?" asked the new boarder. '"Thanks," replied the experienced boarder; "you may hiad it in this direction anr1 let it ome."