The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, February 22, 1888, Image 1
VOL, III. MANNING, CLARENDON COUNTY, S. C., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 1888. NO, 26
TIMELY TOPICS FOR FARMERS.
HOW TO DO PAYING WORK AT THIS
SEASON.
Suggestions of Interest, from an Authori
tative Source.
(W. L. Jones in Southern Cultivator)
This is the beginning of the busy work
of preparing for the next crop, The
farm now demands all the eneigies of
the farmer who would lay a broad foun
dation for a successful year's work. It
is impossible to foresee what will be the
character of the seasons in the future.
We know that it will be either "wet" or
"dry," or "seasonable." It is well to
provide against either extreme as far as
- practicable. Only ordinary skill and
judgment on the part of the farmer are
required to make a reasonably fair crop
in a fairly seasonable year. But it does
require a high degree of skill, and a
judgmont that is based on experience
and study to discount, in advance, the
drawbacks and casualties that are possi
bilities and probabilities of the future.
It is often said that "a crop well planted
is half made;" but the land must be
properly prepared, securely protected
against stock, judiciously fertilized, etc.,
and the seed properly selected and
planted before it may be truly said that
the crop has been "well planted." Some
have said that a farmer ought to plant
.such an area in corn as will yield, under
the most adverse circumstances, a
sufficiency for home use. This is put
ting it rather too strong. Every farmer
of a dozen years experience knows that
seasons occur when it would have been
better to have planted no corn at all;
and probably he would not if he could
have foreseen the result.
The safer rule is to adjust relative
areas (in provision crops especially) with
reference to expected average seasons, so
that an abundance will be produced with
such seasons. It is well enough to pre
pare the land and space the plants as if
expecting a dry good year. Then if
good seasons proved nothing will have
been lost. and if a drouth occur at the
critical period the extra labor of prepa
ration and the wide spacing will tell
wonderfully in the final result. Let
every farmer consider what he wishes or
expects to secure by the labors of the
year. What are the most pressing and
indispensable wants among those that
may be on the farm? Obviously, food
comes first; clothing next, and so on.
The essential business of a farmer is to
make a living (meat and bread, lodging
and clothing) for himself and lamiiy.
In our judgment the man who makes
the production of cotton the main object
of efort, and who looks upon the grow
ing of food crops and other departments
of farm industry, as mere incidents or
unavoi4able drawbacks, makes a very
serious, radical mistake. Such mistakes
are frequent, and are frequently if not
generally the cause of failure. Such
mistakes are the cause of the present de
pression in Southern agriculture.
We should first produce what we need
most-what we must have-what we
consume, not what we do not need (or
need but little of) and what we cannot
consume. The farmer who plans,
pitches, prepares, plants and cultivates
with direct regard to supplying his fami
ly with food in such variety and of such
wholesome quality as may only be pro
duced under his own eye, will not be
likely to suffer for want of any reason
able comfort, necessary, or even modest
luxury that may be outside the limits of
actual home production. .The prudent
provision for "plenty of everything"
that such a farmer will make will gener
ally result in such a surplus of one or
more products of his labor as will pro
cure such other objects of desire, to say
nothing of the returns from the cotton
or other so-called "money crop."
We claim no originality in the fore
going "Thoughts," except possibly in
the manner of presenting some of them.
In the main they are substantially the
"old story." We would that by any
means we might impress upon Southern
farmers that the essential idea and aim
in farming-an object that is attainable
in no other pursuit on earth-should be
to supply the chief necessaries and many
of the luxuries of life directly from the
farm. The mechanic, the miner, the
mere laborer, the professional man, the
follower of every other cra.ft must ex
change the products of his labor for
money, and with the money purchase in
the maket the real objects of desire and
necessity. Not so with the true farmer,
in such aclimate and with such a teem
ing soil as ours.
sPEiG OATs.
The acreage sown in fall oats is much
lessthanusual. The freezing out of a large
portion of the crop of 1886 by the hard
freezes in January, 1887, haa a most dis
couraging effect, which was augmented
by the unfavorably dry weather which
p revailed in some parts of the country
during the sowing season. The oat crop,
however, is too valuable and in the long
run too reliable to be given up. Spring
sowing costs little more than the seed,
even if the crop fails from drouth; and a
good breadth-eight or ten acres at least
to each plow run-should be put in.
In our judgment-founded upon experi
ence and .observation-oats sown in
February are much less liable to injury
by freezing than if sown in January.
Sowing in the "old twelve days" smacks
more of superstition and sentiment than
sound reason. Our hardest weather i-s
usually from December 25 to February
1, and it isnot often that oats sown in
February are killed by freezing. The
soil for spring oats, if not already fertile,
should be well manured and deeply and
closely plowed-the latter to guard
against drouth as much as possible. If
the land be cross plowed so as to leave.
the furrows partly open, the seed may be;
sown broadcast and harrowed in with
good results. Cotton seed, or the meal
alone, or in compost with acid phosphate
and potash, makes an excellent fertilizer
for oats. The crop requires rather more
ammonia and pota]than the percentage
usually found in cor arcial ammoniat
ed phosphates.
Undoubtedly the Burt oat is the safest
for spring sowing, as it will mature in
100 to.120 days when sown in February
or March, according to latitude. Sow
plenty of seed; the later the sowing the
ile ahnnl4 he the seeding- Allow
for yield of twenty fold is a pretty safe
general rule, unless the unexpected yield
or capacity of the land is small, in which
case the seeding should be somewhat
heavier than this rule would indicate,
and vice versa.
INTENSIvE FARMING.
In last month's "Thoughts" we prom
ised more on the subject of intensive
farming "after awhile." It was then
suggested "that as a principle it does
not pay the best to manure a few acres
very heavily and leave the main expense of
the farm with little or no manure." To
state the proposition affirmatively we
mean to say that as a general practice it
pays better to distribute manures some
what uniformly and impartially over the
entire area to be cultivated than to fer
tilize a few acres very highly and the
remainder very lightly. A ton of any
good fertilizer will yield a better per
cent, on the cost if distributed equally
over a field of twenty acres than if one
half the ton be concentrated on two
acres and the remaining half distributed
among the remaining eighteen acres.
These hints are more particularly appli
cable where concentrated fertilizers are
used, which cost comparatively little to
distribute.
Good fertilizers, judiciously applied,
should be considered as an investment
rather than an expense. An increase of
the area in cultivation involves increased
expense of labor, supplies, implements,
etc., but an increase in the quantity of
fertilizers need not involve any material
additional expense, and while we have
premised that a uniform distribution
gives better results on the whole. the
correct conclusion is to reduce areas and
fertilize both liberally and uniformly the
entire crop cultivated.
There are thousands, yea hundreds of
thousands of acres annually cultivated
in the South that do not yield one cent
of profit, but on the contrary, entail a
positive and real loss. The remedy is
either to throw such acres out of culti
vation, or cultivate them in a different
way. The most available and immediate
remedy is to throw such land out of cul
tivation and confine our efforts to
smaller areas, with less expense of labor,
stock, etc., and increase the investment
in fertilizers.
There are many farms yielding a
scanty living for all concerned, where it
would-be wise to sell one-half the mules,
one-half the plows and other imple
ments, one-half the land (or let it rest),
aispense with half the labor, and invest
the money saved in fertilizers, improved
stock and improved implements, and
such appliances as may be needed to re
duce loss and waste. The farmer who
confines his best efforts and skill to a
small portion of his farm and still con
tinues the whole area in cultivation has
practically only reduced area without
reducing expenses.
STOCE AND GRASS.
We have often touched upon the im
portance of stock-breeding and fattening
and grass culture. Now is the time to
sow grass seeds of most kinds, if not
sown last fail, or if the fall sowing failed
from any cause. It is useless to attempt
grass culture on poorly stricken and
poorly prepared soils. Bermuda may be
excepted in this remark,. as it will grow
on almost any soil. March, however, is
a better time to set a Bermuda pasture.
There is absolutely no reason why
Southern farmers-Cotton farmers
should not raise all' the horses and
mules needed for any and all purposes.
We recently attended a colt show in
Jefferson county, which demonstrated,
if proof were needed, that Georgia can
produce not only mules, but horses of
the finest type and quality. Sumter and
[andolph and other counties in south
est Georgia are stirred up on the ques
ion of stock-raising. Habit is all that
s against us, and habit can be changed
and reformed. We ought at least to
roduce all our horses and mules, enougl
utter to supply every dining table in'
he country three times a day, beef and
nutton to fully supplement the home
nade bacon supply and furnish the
markets of all the cities and towns. If
he farmers of the South will only sup
ply the home demand for all these ani
mal products they will have solved the
roblem, how to make the farm pay.
What a Liberal Education Mleans.
E. J. Lowell in the January Atlantic
says: A liberal education, which term is
ften vaguely used, can be completed at
the age of 22 years, and should inolude
raining and positive knowledge. The
athor says:
If either element be neglected in the
ndergraduate course it is unlikely that
the deficiency will ever be made good.
The years immediately following gradu
ation are devoted, in the vast majority
of instances, to learning a profession or
a business, and these interests should be
shared with no others except by way of
recreation. If, therefore, a young man
begins the work of his life while still
:eficient in mental training his mind
will be trained by that work only in
those parts which are actively used in
the business or profession which he has
taken up. If he begins active life ill
provided with positive knowledge of
facts he is likely to learn only those
facts which are useful in his branch of
active life. In this way he becomes one
ided and narrow-minded; efficient, per
aps, and useful, but not liberally edu
ated, and probably less useful and
efficient than if he were so. For it is.
the province of a liberal education to
widen the mind, to make it turn more
readily to new subjects of interest, to
make it understand the ideas of others.
The man who is liberally educated should
possess more varied pleasures, a sounder
j-dgment, more sympathy with his fel
low beings, a higher ideal of life and of
its duties, than are held by other men.
No education which is simply intellectual
can give all these, but a proper intel
lctual education may assist a young
man in acquiring them.
Truly this is an age of progress. Well
made pants from all woolen goods for
only $3 to your own measure! Scientific
blanks, 25 samples of cloth and a liner.
tape measure are sent to any address for
6 cents in stamps by the N. Y. Standard
Pants Co., of 66 University Place, N. Y.
City. Goods sent by mail. This firm
is doing an enormous business from
Maine to California. You will actually
be surprised at the result, if you will
writethem. *
A dead bat.The mnffled drum's.
JACKSON'S DEATH WOUND.
How Old Stonewall Met His Death on the
Field of Chancellorsville.
(By John Esten Cooke.)
On fire with his great design, Jackson
then rode forward in front of the troops
toward Chancellorsville, and here and
then the bullet struck him which was to
terminate his career.
Jackson had ridden forward on the
turnpike to reconnoitre and ascertain, if
possible, in spite of the darkness of the
night, the position of the Federal lines.
The moon shone, but it was struggling
with a bank of clouds, and afforded but
a dim light. From the.gloomy thickets
on each side of the turnpike, looking
more weird and sombre in the half light,
came the melancholy notes of the whip
poorwill. 'I think there must have been
ten thousand,' said General Stuart after
wards. Such was the scene and aid
which the events which now are about
to be narrated took place.
Jackson had advanced with some mem
bers of his staff, about a mile from
Chancellorsville, and had reached a
point nearly opposite an old dismantled
house in the woods near the road, when
he reined in his horse, and remaining
perfectly quiet and motionless, listened
intently for any indications of a move
ment in the Federal lines. They were
scarcely two hundred yards in front of
him, and seeing the danger to which he
exposed himself one of his staff officers
said, 'General, don't you think this is
the wrong place for you?' He replied
quickly, almost impatiently, 'the danger
is all over! the enemy is routed-go back
and tell A. P. Hill to press on!' The
officer obeyed, but had scarcely disap
peared when a sudden volley was fired
from the Confederate Infantry in Jack
son's rear, and on the right of the road
-evidently directed upon him and his
escort. The origin of this fire has never
been discovered, and after Jackson's
death there was little disposition to in
vestigate an occurrence which otcasioned
bitter distress to all who by any possi
bility could have taken part in it. It is
probable, however, that some movement
of the Federal skirmishers had provoked
the fire; if this is an error, the troops
fired deliberately upon Jackson and his
party, under the impression that they
were a body of Federal cavalry recon
noitering.
Whatever may have been the origin of
this volley, it came, and many of the
staff and escort were shot, and fell from
their horses. Jackson wheeled to the
left and galloped into the woods to get
out of range of the bullets; but he had
not gone twenty steps beyond the edge
of the turnpike, in the thicket, when one
of brigades drawn up within thirty yards
of him fired a volley in their turn, kneel
ing on the right knee, as the flash of the
guns showed, as though prepared to
'guard against cavalry.' By this fire
Jackson was wounded in three places.
He received one ball in his left arm, two
inches below the shoulder-joint, shatter
ing the bone and severing the chief arte
ry; a second passed through the same
arm between the elbow and the wrist,
making its exit through the palm of the
hand; and a third ball entered the palm
of his right hand, about the middle, and
passing through, broke two of the bones.
Here, Captain Wilbourn, of his staff,
succeeded in catching the reins and
checking the animal, who was almost
frantic from terror, at the moment when,
from loss of blood and exhausion, Jack
son was about to fall from the saddle.
He was then borne to the field hos- I
pital at Wilderness, some five miles dis
tant.
Here he lay throughout the next day,
Sunday, listening to the thunder of the
artillery and the long roll of the mus
ketry from Chancellorsville, where
Stuart, who had succeeded him in com
mand, was pressing General Hooker
back toward the Rappahannock. His
soul must have thrilled at that sound,
long so familiar, but he could take no
part in the conflict. Lying faint and
pale, in a tent in rear of the 'Wilderness'
Tavern,' he seemed to be perfectly re
signed, and submitted to the painful
probing of his wound with soldierly pa
tience. It was obviously necessary to
amputate the arm, and one of his sur
geons asked, 'If we find the amputation
necessary, General, shall it be done at
once?' to which he replied with alacrity,
'Yes, certainly, Dr. McGuire, do for me
whatever you think right.' The arm was
then taken off, and he slept soundly
after the operation, and on waking, be
gan to converse about the battle. It was
about this time that we received the fol
iowing letter from General Lee: 'I have
just received your note informing me
that you were wounded. I cannot ex
press my regret at the occurrence. Could
I have directed events I should have
chosen for the good of the country to
have been disabled in your stead. I
congratulate you upon the victory which
is due to your skill and energy.'
The remaining details of Jackson's ill
ness and death are known. He was re
moved to Guiney's Depot, on the RZich
mond and Fredericksburg IRailroad,
where he gradually sank,, pneumonia
having attacked him. When told that
his men on Sunday had advanced upon
the enemy shouting 'Charge, and re
member Jacdson!' lhe exclaimed, 'It was
just like them! it was just like them!
They are a noble body of men. The
men who live through this war,' he
added, 'will be proud to say 'I was one
of the Stonewall Brigade' to their chil
dren.' Looking soon afterwards at the
stump of his arm, he said, 'Many people
would regard this as a great misfortune.
I regard it as one of the great blessings
of my life.' He subsequently said, 'I
consider these wounds a blessing; they
were given me for some good and wise
purpose, and I would not part with them
if I could.'
His wife was now with him, and when
she announced to- him weeping, his ap
proaching death, he replied with perfect
almness, 'Very good; very good; it is
all right.' These were nearly his .last
words. He soon afterwards became de
lirious, and was heard to mutter, 'Order
A. P~. Hill to prepare for action I-Pass
the infantry !-Tell Major Hawks to send
forward provisions for the men!' Then
his martial ardor disappeared, a smile
diffused itself over his pale features, and
he murmured: 'Let us cross over the
river and rest under the shade of the
trees!' It was the river of death he was
about to pass over; and soon after utter
ing these words he expired.
The character and career of the man
who thus passed from the arena of his
glory, ny tha prnnartyw of history.
RAISE TOUR OWN HOGS.
Capt. Peterkin Says that the Beet Meat i1
the World is Raised in South CaroUna.
(From the News and Courier.)
Capt. J. A. Peterkin, the well-knows
.planter from Orangeburg county, was ii
the city yesterday. He can always sa'
something that is interesting and in,
structive in regard to agricultural mat
ters.
In conversation with a representative
of the News and Courier yesterday,
Capt. Peterkin said that there was nc
doubt in his mind that as fine tobacco
can be raised in South Carolina as in any
other State in the Union. The soil and
climate and conditions of temperature
are all elements in favor of the crop in
this State, when it is cultivated with the
care that would ordinarily be bestowel
upon other crops.
Capt. Peterkin also said that there is
only one other place in the world, and
that is one of the farming districts of
England, where as fine meat can be pro
duced as in South Carolina. The hogs
that we raise here are slops, are just like
slop hogs that are grown anywhere else,
and there is no difference in the flavor
of the meat of corn-fed hogs in South
Carolina and of corn-fed hogs elsewhere.
But the ordinary farm-raised meat in
this State is superior to anything of the
kind produced anywhere else. Our hogs
here fatten on crabgrass; +hey are
grazers. and the food that they get
make their meat very sweet and of a
most captivating flavor. Our home
raised side meat always has a streak of
lean and a streak of fat, while the North
western meat is nothing but a mass of
fat.
The pity of it is that greater attention
is not paid to meat raising by the farm
ers of this State. In one of h. ecstacies
of souse Henry Grady recently exclaim
ed: "Why is it we cannot buy now the
sweet, old-fashioned country ham? Judge
Sambel Lumpkin lately sent to the
writer a half dozen from his private
smoke-house of the vintage of 1884, that
are simply poems in ashes. Any self
respecting pig would have died gladly to
have been so idealized. In these hams
you catch the flavor of the smoke of the
half-covered oak chips above which they
drifted with the seasons into perfection.
'nd the red gravy, clear, consistent,
flavorous; it is the gravy you used to find
on your mother's table when you came
home from a long day's hunt in the De
cember wind. I would rather have a
smoke-house with its loamy floor, its
darkened rafters, its redpepper pods, its
festoons of sausage odorous of sage and
a hundred such hams suspended between
earth and roof, like small Mahomets,
than a cellar of dust-begrimed bottles of
Madeira of '23."
Capt. Peterkin raises his own meat.
He thinks that smoke rather spoils its
flavor, and believes in curing it after
another fashion, which makes it sweet
and tender the whole yearround. What
Capt Peterkin succeeds in doing on his
model farm in Orangeburg can likewise
be done on every other well-conducted
farm in this State. When the time comes
that every farmer raises his own meat
and provisions, then will South Carolina
indeed be independent of Western
smoke-houses and Chicago stock pens.
WAR ON THE TRUSTS.
Congre~sman Rayner's Fierce Attack on
the Monopolies.
(From the Philadelphia Times.)
Representative Rayner, of Maryland,
in an argument recently before the com
mittee on manufactures on his anti-trust
monopoly bill, gave a very interesting
and incisive presentation of this sys
ematic robbery of the people. After
howing that the bill is constitutional
uder the power to regulate commerce,
will von delay," said he, "a report
pon this bill one moment longer, in
iew of everything that you kntow upon
hese infamous combinations to bankrupt
rivate enterprise, to depredate upon
he business interest and to plunder the
eople of this country? There is not a
ay that some iniquitous trust of this
ort is not springing to existence. What
o you want to investigate? You might
s well investigate as to whether larceny,
r highway robbery, or bribery is a
enefit or a detriment to the people.
hey have never hesitated to buy Legis
atures and courts whenever the occa
ion required it and the opportunity
resented itself. I point to the history
f the Standard Oil Company and all the
ther trusts that are now following in
its track and emulating its example.
he wealth of this monopoly to-day is
ne hundred and fifty millions and still
growing. The profit last year was twen
y-five millions of dollars. It started
ith less thsn a million dollars. How
id it acquire the one hundred and for
y-nine millions? By a system of high
ay robbery and crime such as no
iviized country ought to tolerate. In
ivilual enterprise, honest competition,
ransportation lines, refineries and pipe
ines were all trampled to death under
its merciless march to aggrandizement.
"Look at the sugar trust to-day. Do
ou want to investigate that? Summon
the Havemeyers with their books. Ask
hem two questions; first, what was the
alue of their plant when they went into
the trust; second, what are the profits
hey are receiving out of it? Why, the
otal plant of all the refineries ofily
mounted to sixteen millions. To-day
it is sixty millious. And then when you
rc done with the Standard Company
ma the cotton seed oil trust and the
ugar trust, take up the rnbber trust,
with a capital of fifty millions of dollars,
ad then take up thc lead trust and the
inseed oil trust and the 3late trust, the
oil cloth, salt, steel and scores of other
rsts and combines orgaruzing daily
with all the speed they can in order to
nticipate any action of Congress in the
remises. The country is looking to Con
gress for relief. Rlealize the magnitude
of the subject and listen to the voice of a
uffering people resounding through the
omes and business centres of this coun
try and through the medium of an en
ightened press appealing to their repre
entatives to rescue themi from the
clutches of the most dangerous monopo
ies that have ever raised their forms
pon our soil. A majority of both
ouses of Congress are favorable to
action and are impatient to get the sub
ject,- in shape to give it prompt and
ffective concurrence."
It is s'aidI that v. asps remember their nests
ninety-six hours. Witen a boy gets near
wasr's nest he is apt to remember it for a
onr ,- time thau that.
MXR. BLAINE DECLINES.
He Does Not Want to be Presiden; but
Thinks His Party Will Win.
FLORENCE, ITALY, January 25.--7o B.
F. Jones, Chairman of the Republican
National Committee-Sir: I wish through
you to state to the members of the Re
publican party that my name will not be
presented to the National Convention,
called to assemble in Chicago in June
next for the nomination of candidates
for President and Vice President of the
United States.
I am constrained to this decision by
considerations entirely personal to my
self, of which you were advised more
than a year ago. But I can't make the
announcement without giving expres
sion to my deep sense of gratitude to
many thousands of my countrymen who
have sustained me so long and so cor
dially that their feeling has seemed to go
beyond ordinary political adherence of
fellow partisans, and to partake some
what of the nature of personal attach
ment. For this most generous loyalty
of friendship I can make no adequate re
turn, but I shall carry the memory of it
while life lasts.
Nor can I refrain from congratulating
the Republican party upon the cheering
prospects which distinguish the opening
of the national contest of 1888 as com
pared with that of 1884. In 1882 the
Republicen party throughout the Union
met with disastrous defeat. Ten States
that had supported Garfield and Arthur
in the election of 1880 were carried by
Democrats, either by majorities or plu
ralities. The Republican loss in North
ern elections, compared with the pre
ceding national election, exceeded half a
million votes, and the electoral votes of
the Union, divided on the basis of the
result of 1882, gave to the Democrats
over 300 electoral votes out of a total of
401. There was a partial reaction in
favor of the Republicans in the elections
of 1883, but the Democrats still had pos
session of seven Northern States, and on
the basis of the year's contest could
show more than 100 majority in the
electoral colleges of the whole country.
But against the discouragement natur
ally following the adverse elections of
these two years the spirit of the Repub
lican party in the national contest of
1884 rose high, and the Republican
masses entered into the campaign with
such energy that the final result de
pended on the vote of a single State, and
that State was carried by the Democratic
party by a plurality so small that it rep
resented less than one-eleventh of one
per cent. of the entire vote. The change
of a single vote in every two thousand of
the total poll would have given the State
to the Republicans, though only two
years before the Democratic plurality
exceeded one hundred and nine-two
thousand.
The elections of 1886 and 1887 have
demonstrated the growing strength in
the Republican ranks. Seldom in our
political history has a party defea ed in a
national election rallied immediately
with such vigor as have the Republicans
since 1884. No comparison is possible
between the spirit of the party in 1882-83
and its spirit in 1886-87. The two
periods present simply a contrast-the
one of general depression, the other of
enthusiastic revival. Should the party
gain in the results of 1888 over those of
1886-87 in anything like the proportions
of gain of 1884 over 1882-83 it would
secure one of the most remarkable victo
ries of its entire existence. But victory
doesn't depend on so large a ratio of in
crease. The party has only to maintain
relatively its prestige of 1886 87 to give
to its national candidate every Northern
State but one, with far better prospects
of carrying that one than it has had for
the past six years.
Another feature of the political situa
ion should inspire the Republicans with
irresistible strength. The present Na
tional Administration was elected with,
f not upon, repeated assertions of .its
leading supporters in every protection
State that no issue on the tariff was in
olved. However earnestly the Repub
icans urged that question as one of con
rolling importance in the campaign,
they were met by Democratic leaders
and journals with persistent evasion, con
> ealment and denial. That resource the
President has fortunately removed. The
issue which Republicans maintained and
Democrats avoided in 1884 has been
prominently and specifically brought
forward by the Democratic President
and cannot be hidden out of sight in
888. The country is now in the enjoy
ment of an industrial system which in a
uarter of a century has assured a larger
ational growth, more rapid accumula
ion and broader distribution ef wealth
han were ever before known to history.
The American people will now be openly
and formally asked to decide whether
his system shall be recklessly abandon
d and anew trial be made made of an
ld experiment, which has uniformly
led to national embarrassment and wide
pread individual distress. On the re
ut of such an issue fairly presented to
he popular judgment there is no room
for doubt. One thing only is necessary
o assure success, complete harmony and
ordial co-operation on the part of all
Republicans; on the part both of those
who aspire to lead and of those who are
ager to follow. The duty is not one
erely of honorable devotion to the
arty whose record and whose aims are
like great, but it is one demna.aded by
he instinct of self-interest, and by the
still higher promptings of patriotism. A
loser observation of the conditions of
ife among older nations gives one a
nore intense desire that the American
eople shall make no mistake in choosing
policy which inspires labor with hope
ma crowns it with dignity, which gives
afety to capital and protects its increase,
which secures political power to every
itizen, comfort and culture to every
hme. To this end, not less earnestly
ad more directly as private citizen than
as public candidate, I shall devote my
self with the confident belief that the
dministration of the Government will be
estored to that party which has demon
trated the purpose and power to wield
t for the unity and honor of the Repub
ic and for the prosperity and progress
f the people.
I am, very sincerely yours,
JmErs G. BIA.
"Ya'as," said young Mr. Sissy, sucking
e head of his cane; "I'm an Angloma
iac, but only in a mild form, y' knaw."
"Yes," she responded, by way of keeping
p the conversation; "sort of an Anglo
uatic, as it were."
D. TALarGE ON VOTING.
He Thinks it Wouldn't. be Much Use for
Women to Vote--The Question of Taxtuz
a Woman's Property.
"I would like to'see all women vote,
and watch the result," said the Rev. Dr.
Talmage Sunday, in his sixth sermon to
the women of America. His subject was
t"Wifely Ambition, Good and Bad," and
a great crowd of people listened atten
tively to the discourse.
"I do not know that it would change
anything for the better," continued the
preacher. '"Most wives and daughters
and sisters would vote as their husbands
and fathers and brothers voted. Nearly
all the families that I know are solidly
Republican or Democratic or Prohibi
tion. Those families all voting would
make more votes but no difference in the
result. Besides that, as now at the polls
men are bought up by the thousands,
women would be bought up by the thou
sands. The more voters the more op
portunity for corruption. We have
several million more voters now than are
for the public good.
"We are told that female suffrage
would correct two evils-the rum busi
ness and the insufficiency of woman's
wages. About the rum business I have
to say that multitudes of women drink,
and it is no unusual thing to see them in
the restaurants so overpowered with
wine and beer that they can hardly sit
up, while there are many so-called re
spectable restaurants where they can go
and take their champagne and hot toddy
all alone. Mighty temperance voters
those women would make! Besides that,
the wives of the rumsellers would have
to vote in the interest of their husbands'
business, or have a time the inverse of
felicitous. Besides that, millions of re
spectable and refined women in America
would probably not vote at all, because
they do not want to go to the polls, and,
on the other band, womanly roughs
would all go to the polls, and that might
make woman's vote on the wrong side.
There is not in my mind much prospect
of the expulsion of drunkenness by
female suffrage.
"As to woman's wages to be corrected
by woman's vote, I have not much faith
in that. Women are harder on women
than men are. Masculine employers are
mean enough in their treatment of women,
but if you want to hear beating down of
prices and wages in perfection listen how
some women treat washer women, and
dressmakers, and female servants. Mrs.
Shylock is more merciless than Mr. Shy
lock. Women, I fear, will never get
righteous wages through woman's vote,
and as to unfortunate womanhood, wo
men are far more cruel and unforgiving
than men are. After a woman has made
shipwreck of her character men genera -
ly drop her, but women do not so much
drop her as hurl her with the force of a
catapult clear out, and off, and down,
and under.
"I cannot see what right you have to
make a woman pay taxes on her proper
ty to help support city, State and nation
al government, and yet deny her the
opportunity of helping decide who shall
be Mayor, Governor or President.
"Is the wife's ambition the political
preferment of her husband? Then that
will probably direct him. What a God
forsaken realm is American politics those
best know who have dabbled in them.
After they have assessed a man who is a
candidate for office which he does not
get, or assessed him for some office at
tained, and he has been whirled round
and round and round and round among
the drinking, smoking, swearing crowd
who often get control of public aflairs,
all that is left of his self-respect or moral
stamina would find plenty of room on a
geometrical point which is said to have
either length, breadth or thickness.
Mfany a wife has not been satisfied till
er husband went into politics, but
would afterward have given all she pos
essed to get him out.
"Some of us could tell of what influ
mee upon us has been a wifely ambition
onsecrated to righteousness. As my
wife is out of town and will not shake
er head because I say it in public, I
will state that in my own professional
life I have often been called of God, as I
hought, to run into the very teeth of
ublic opinion, and all outsiders with
whom I advised told me I had better
ot; it would ruin me and my church,
ad at the same time I was receiving
ice little letters threatening me with
irk and pistol and poison if I persisted
n attacking certain evils of the day,
util the Commissioner of Police con
sidered it his duty to take his place in
ur Sabbath services with forty officers
scattered through the house for the pre
ervation of order. But in my home
here has always been one voice to say:
Go ahead and diverge not an inch from
the straight line. Who cares if only
od is on our side?' And though some
imes it seemed as if I was going out
gainst nine hundred iron chariots, I
ent ahead cheered by the domestic
oice: 'Up, for this is the day in which
the Lord hath delivered Sisera into thine
ands.''"
Remarkably Fre~e iromi Crhnei~.
The World asserts that "for a great
etropolitan city New York is remark
ably free from crime. When it is con
sidered that this city has a fioating pop
lation of fully 250,000 a day, who enter
ad leave by the different means of
travel, and that many an unknown thief
ay slip in and commit robberies and
get out, the wonder is how Inspector
yrnes keeps the crooked element so
well in hand. But thieves will seek the
society of crooked people as a rule and
thiough his system no new or old thief
can move about town twenty-four hours
ad fail to be known. If the - thief is a
stranger he is brought to some place by
fellow-thief, apparently, and he is
there looked over and photographed by
vest camera, and described by one of
the Inspector's keen detectives as 'Tom -
y 3Mugs.' The effect of Inspector
yrness system is seen and felt, but his
ethods are fully known to no one but
imself. The unseen hand of the great
detective is a strong factor in the life of
every thief."
A mcetingr of Indiana ltepublican cdi
tors at Indlianapolis drew out a large attend
nce from all points of the State. General
sentiment favored making the campaign in
favor of protection, a free ballot and a fair'
ount, the latter features being given pro
edence. While no otlicial expression was
given, it was plain that there was a strong
feeling in favor of pushing Ex-Senator
Harrison as Indiana's candidate for the
residncy.
HONOR THE FARMERS.
Show Them the Respect They so Right
fully Deserve.
(George U. Sargent in the Epoch.)
It has been said that there is nothing
about which the American will not joke,
and it may be affirmed with equal truth
that there is nothing in life too serious
to be ridiculed by the American news
paper. So when it is noz the sleepy
policeman, or the mother-in-law, or the
tipsy husband who comes home late at
night, it is the American farmer who is
made the butt of ridicule. One can
count on the fingers of one's hand those
journals which discriminate in their col
umns between legitimate humor or wit,
and that ill-timed levity which makes
"fun" at the expense of higher and bet
ter things in our natures. I am glad to
see that the Epoch is oneof the carefully
edited papers.
This subject may seem trivial, but it
is more important than appears at first
sight. Not that the ridicule of the press -
will injure the farmers of the country,
but the constant harping upon the
mythical ignorance and follies of this
class has a tendency to place more rigid
barriers between the city and the coun
try and create caste. And if anyone
considers this result desirable, let him
tell us how much caste has helped India
in her progress.
So long as the country villages and the
rural districts furnish the boys to make
the merchants and bankers and railroad
magnates of the city, every true Ameri
can should scorn to speak derisively of
our agricultural population.
One thing is needed in this country
and that is, an increased appreciation of
the real value of patient, plodding toil.
The average man has somehow formed
the idea that there is something. very
ludicrous in the efforts of men content
with tilling the soil, and working quietly
and humbly in the lowly fields of usefui
ness.
We, as individuals, and as a nation,
need a better appreciation of the Ameri
can farmer's life and labors. The time
was, perhaps, when it was thought. that
anyone had brains enough to be a farm
er; but that time, in this country at
least, is past. Any useful class of citi
zens working for the advancement of
our national welfare is not a proper sub
ject for ridicule; and the low humor
which finds for its object our agricultur
al laborers is not the best matter with
which to expand our literature.
It is the duty of the press to do all in
its power to elevate and aid the farmers,
and to spread right ideas concerning
their social and intellectual position, and
not to belittle them. There are many
who do not care what they write. They
aim to construct "readable" articles re
gardless of principle. But surely we
ought to expect better things of our
great metropolitan papers, which, from
their circulation of and their occasional
recognition of higherthings, are styled
"representative American journals."
A NOTED BANDIT KILLED
Brack Cornett, the Notorious Train Rob
ber, Shot Down'by a Deputy Sheriff.
ST. Lous, February 14.-Brack Cor
nett, better known as Captain Dick, the
desperado and leader of the notorious
train robbers, was shot and killed yester
day afternoon while resisting arrest by
Sheriff Allee, of Trio county, Texas,
eighteen miles west of Pearsall Station,
on the International and Great Northern
Railroad. Cornett was a noted outlaw
and a year or two ago organized a band
of horse thieves or "rustlers," as they
are called in the Southwest, for the pur
pose of robbing express and mail trains
in Texas.
Their first exploit occurred on the
Southern Pacific-Road at Flatonia, Tex.,
in the spring of 1887, in which they
spared neither express, mail nor passen
gers. They realized about $65,00Ma&n'
cash and other property, one item being
$35,000 worth of diamond jewelry be
longing to an Eastern firm. Two weeks
later they captured a train at McNeil, on
the International and Great Northern
Rad, and secured about $18,000 from
the express, the mail and the passengers.
After this robbery large rewards were
offered for the arrest of the gang by
Wells, Eargo and the Pacific Express
Companies and the Southern Pacific and
International and Great Northern Rail
road, and also by the State of Texas, and
great efforts were made to capture the
gang, but without success. Governor
Ross, of Texas, took a very active inter
est in the matter. The gang next struck
a train on the Texas and Pacific, west of
Fort Worth, and secured valuable booty
from the express car. The desperadoes
then split up for a while, but soon after
reorganized and commenced operations
again under their old leader, Captain
Dick, and pounced down on a Southern
Paiic train a second time. Since then
they have been scudding under bare
poles and running from place to place to
keep out of the clutches of the officers,
who have recently been closingin around
them.
Cornett had been at Allee's ranch the
evening before, had eaten supper there
and then disappeared. Next morninghe
showed up for breakfast and was given a
meal. After eating he took a chair in
the yard by a camp-fire. Allee ap
proached him and demanded that he
throw up his hands. Cornett replied,
"The -- you say," and fired at Allee
with his left band, the ball passing
through Allee's hat. Allee then fired
and continued firing for four successive
times,ptting three shots into vital parts
f Cornett's body. All four shots took
ffect. Cornett managed to fire a second
shot, but missed his mark. Allee is a
Deputy Sheriff of Trio county and has
been engaged in several scrimmages of
his kind, but he has never before re
eceived the plaudits of the people to the
extent he is now receiving them.
PIANos AMD ORGANW.
We are prepared to sell Pianos and
rgans of the best make at factory
rices for Cash: or easy Instalments.
ianos from 3:?10 up; Organs from $24
p. The verdict of the people is that
hey can save the freight and twenty-five
per cent. by buying of us. Instruments
elivered to any depot on fifteen days'
trial. We pay freight both ways if not
satisfactory. Order and test in your
wn homes. Respectfully,
N. W. TRUMP,
e Columbia, S. C.
There is not so much failure to be charged
to poonr inr-k" na to had management