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VOLII. - MANNINQ' C LAREN DON CUNT "Y, S. C., W EDNESDAY, JANUARY 1,18 O 0 UNDER filE CZAS R ULE. HOW THE PEASANTS OF RUSSIA ARE - KEPT IN SUBJECTION. Long Hours or Duty--Their Homes. Tilling the Soil. Harvestin;: Scenes--An Interest Ing Letter on the Customs of a Remark able Nation. (P. S. Heath in New York Mail and Express.) ST. PTEnsiWRG, December 28. Peasant life life in Russia presents an interesting study. In the rural portion of the country is found quite three fourths of the entire population, St. Petersburg and Moscow being the prin cipal cities, and therefore the bone and sinew is with this class of people. Only about 5 per cent. of the peasants can read and write, and few have the ordi nary instincts of man and woman. They are superstitious, ignorant and stupid. But this is not a wonder. They have been a free people scarcely longer than the blacks of America, it being during the troublous slavery times inthe United I States that Alexander II. issued an ukase giving the white slaves of Russia free dom. They were not slaves in the sense of being owned, body and soul, by their landloids. The land which they occu pied was the property of the nobility, and none were permitted, when once located on a farm, to leave it permanent ly or to go beyond a certain distance, even temporarily. No schools were provided for the peasants during the time of slavery, none are provided now, and then, as at the present time, the design of the Czar, influenced by the nobles, was to keep them in the densest condition of servi tude and ignorance. Their earnings on the farms ae gauged by the landlords so that they have just enough on which to, live. As no means were provided for the elevation of the slaves when they be came serfs, they have remained exactly where they were found, and for all prac tical purposes they might just as well have remained slaves. It is generally believed that the Czar's act in emanci pating them was to gain diplomatic favor abroad. in A PsASArT's HOsE. A peant's house is a very rude structure and contains none of the ele ments of comfort, healthfulness or clean liness. Frequently the stables are under the same roof with the tenant. His allowance of furniture, food and cloth ing being fixed by his landlord, he lives! scantily. The building is usualy of iine or cedar los about ten inches in diameter, bark and set neatly together. 'it is of one story in height, with one1 rom, generally has three or four win tdws, with one sash in each, and they are protected from the outside by rude' board shutters, which when closed at night make complete darkness within and ventilation miserable. The floors are of logs and earth, and the beds are on the floor. There are no stoves in a peasant's house. A stick and clay chimney fire place suffices. Here warmth is secured, and the food is cooked in kettles. The family meal is spread on the floor, and the repast is partaken of while sitting on folded legs, tailor style. In front of many of these houses, which are covered with hay and poles-a rough ecrt of thatch-the traveler frequently sees a drosky from the city, the vehicle of the landlord, who pays daily visits. The peasnt has very crude agricultural im-1 pements. He generdily makes them at 'n own furnace and gives them finish and polish on his own grindstone. The peasant's grindstone is a huge affair, is turned by one man, while another, sitting up on a frame above it, manipulates the implement. Axes, plow shares, scythes, wagon tires, portions of harness, horseshoes and everything used1 about a farm or stable are finished on -the grindstone. A crude little furnace heated with "peat" or pine chips and the grindstone comprise the manufacturing applian of the peasant. His plow is a sunple pole with handles on a dead level with the tongue, which has an offshoot downward, on which the share is nailed or tied. A 'gscene in Russia, with the odframe, the crude, triangular or dao-shaped share and the tiny little furrow made, would be disgusting as well as pitiable to the American farm er's eyes. The draught or weight of the plow comes directly from the high bowed hame, which extends two feet above the horse's neck and which is fas tened to the collar. Instead of traces the tongue or shafts do the pulling. The Rnssian in no walk of lifehasyetlearned the philosophy of direct draught from the collar of the horse. All vehicles are drawn by the shafts and tongues, and these are fastened to the high hame or bow, which in turn is fastened to the ~collar. There isno such thing as trace straps or chains. Carriages are thus drawn. weims TH nEAL WORKRS. The women in Russia do two-thirds of the work in the country. There are im mense wheat, oat and hays fields every 'igere, and in August there is great activity in the country. The large ma-1 jority of persons at work are women. They -wear short dresses, plain and straight, and a long piece of cloth over ' i~~slike the Arabs. The wheat is sown throadast, and if not cat by the women with sickles is harvested with the old-fashioned scythe, which has a two nd snead and a broad, short blade. m the snead up to the handle there is a wooden bow something like, in ep pearance, the half of a heavy bancl! hoop. This bow keeps the wheat, eLe., from falling back over the scythe hatdle and scattering. I have never yet seen a man who would deign to gather up, ghia and stack the wheat or oats when once it was felled. The women must do tis while the men do the "gentlemanl~y" work, although I have seen many wo1:me cutting the grain with the scythe. Th neighbors club together in harvest and help one another. A Russian harvesting rnzvos is quite lively, and is the scee of a m-otoy crowd. The old men and you~ng, boy and girls, with their mothers, gran mothers and aged women, assemible at daybreak. There -are a number of horses, on which are carried water; food and extra implements. The horses the ann and maa ride. whil the old women walk. They always carry the scythes, forks and rakes back and forth every day, and work as long as there is day light; and since it is daybreak at 3 a. m. and not dark till 9.30 p. im., the hours of labor are long ones. The forks used in the fields are made of the prongs of tree branches. A limb is selected which has at least three off shoots, and from this a hay or wheait j fork is made. The wheat is stacked at first like that of America; except in the matter of cap-sheafs. Instead of three or four top-sheaps just one is placed. It is turned heads down and spread so as to cover the entire stack. The heads of Russian wheat are long and slender and the grain small and red. It would be graded at Duutl or Chicago as No. 2. The straw is rank and slender, and the yield a little more prolific than in Amer lea. It is harvested and sown in the same mouth, August. When the wheat is sufficiently matured it is hauled on long, slender, one-horse wagons to the windmill on the farm and threshed. Hauling wheat to the thresher is a leisurely and lazy work, and is never done till the plowman wants the ground it occupies. The windmill which fur nishes the flail power for the threshing is the same found throughout Holland and Germany. It is double-armed, the same as the one Don Quixote set out to conquer. These mills are very common around Warsaw, in Poland, and are used for every conceivable work, the women even grinding their coffee, churn ing and washing with them. The! erlightest breeze sets them going, as their faces are turned against the wind so as to catch its full force. This appears, however, to be the only labor-saving in stitution found in Russia. I asked a landlord why he did not in troduce the modern implements cn his farms, and was informed that labor was too cheap; besides, it was fourd ad vantageous to give as many people work in the country as possible, because if they go to the towns or cities they be- ! come troublesome! It will not be till the serfs leave the farms that Russia will have modern improvements; and not till then will she compete to any great ex tent with the United States in supplying the wheat markets of Europe. NO mDUCATIOs rs TEE POOR. lthough ignorant and kept away from ;eneral communication, the ',easants in Kussia are becoming greatly dissatisfied with the way they are treated by the government and the landowners. They :ake the recently issued edict on the ubject of education to cover their case more especially than that of any other class. The ministry of public education as but recently declared that it will stop the last avenue possible to the edu cation of the poor classes. It wiil not' permit them to enter even the private iniversities, and has closed the doors of ! he public ones by a circular to the ca ators of the scholastic circuits, an jouncing that "gymnasia and pr.o gymnasia will henceforth refuse to re ceive as pupils the children of lomestic servants, cooks, washer-women, ;mall shop-keepers and others of like condition, whose children, with the- ex- . eption, perhaps, of those gifted with xtraordinary capacities, shoaid not be raised from the circle to which they be-. [ ng and be thereby led, as long as ex perience has shown, to despise their parents, to become discontented with! heir lot and irritated against the inevit tble inequalities of existing social posi ions." The real re 'son that this extraordinary .roclamation has been issued is t.e. ~rowth of Nihilism. This the officials teely and frankly admit. They say hat as soon as the child of a peasant1 ets into school and begins to read and link he or she becomes a Nihilist, and goes into the community from whence he pup came .anda'r.:a .infec aon-So'thielast channel to intellie'ice s to be thus closed. The edict was' ssued at the instance of the nobility, Lnd is also intended to check the emigra ion from the farms to the cities. A Big Fi h Story. A most remarkable story of trout fish- I ng comes from Cape Breton Island, in! ~he extreme northern part of Nova! cotia. The narrator's hero is himself, mrd he says that one writer, being tired >f salt beef, went out to catch trout for1 is table. In that locality the fish are uite plentiful when the w-aters of Lake Ainlee are sufficiently warm to cause. bhem to seek a cooler retreat, and on :he day in question the conditions must! have been unusually favorable, for theJ Esherman's only trouble was in the ex-! rtion of landing the numerous eatches. o eager, indeed, were the fish that they would often jump above the water to get bhe bait, and the soortsman concluded to facilitate matters by dangling the: ook about a foot above the water and getting on his knees and giving the fish, e~s fast as they jumped up, a dexterous box on the ears that sent them sprawling an the ice. The plan worked admirably, mnd the narrator's hand was kept so~ busy that he was finally forced by sheerI fatigue to put an end to the novel pastime. What is called a conservative estimate places the quantity of fish so cured at over four barrels. The gentle man was prohibly willing to return to salt beer before he exhausted the supply on hand. What a paradise for anglers that particular stream must bei And what an inventive genius that lone fish erman is! The Hatch Fund. The thirty-seven agricultural colleges and experimental stations whiceh have been hungrily w.atching and waiting for the first navment of .their 8153,000( a year whic'h Conirress voted them in Ma'rch, 1867, will perhaps get ever frowning at' Comptroller Durham now. He has put~ a request for a lump sum of .338,000i for them in ithe urgerst dciency bill, with the calm statement that he coulid notpay the money out becausec the bill was not drawn so as to emipower him to do so. He does not sav that the man who drew the bill showedf himself to be rather a chump, but that is what he mnens to unvey. The comptroller says that u der the provisions of the Act Dahkota establirhed one experiment station, and other States have been making enhocxge-1 ments and improvements, but he hanot~ been able to give them a penny yet. "Isn't it terrible, hubby, that they allow a man to have four wives in Turkey?" "Not so terrible as it wouldI he if it were D. i .L MNNING'S LIFE. A Poor Roy h:lo Made Himself One of the Greatest Politicians. (:rom '.h; New York Press Daniel Manning was born in Albany, August 16, 1831. His father died when he was a child, and he was obliged to provide for himself when only nine years of age. His first cmployment was in- the oflice of the Albany Atlas, which was subsegaer.tly merged into the Argus. He began by sweeping out the office, and in course of time came to be the "devil" of the establishment. While in this position he learned to set type, and gradually rose to the posi tion of foreman of the composing room. Then he joined the reportorial staff of the Arius and !irst reported the mar kets. Afterward he was appointed to report the proceedings of the State Sen ate, and was employ ed in that capacity for a number of years. He subsequently became a stockholder in the Argus, and in 1865 was made associate editor. When William Cassidy, the chief editor and president of the Argus Company, died in 1S73, Mr. Manning's judgment, general intelligence and business talent obtained for him the presidency of the company. HIe very seldom wrote any editorials for the paper, but contented himself with directing and managing its affairs. In 1873 he also became connected with the National Chemical Bank of Albany, and was elected a director. He was ad vanced to the vice-presidency in 1881, and in the following year, upon the death of General Robert H. Pruyn, he became the president. He was also a member of the Aibapy Park Commis sioners, one of the trustees of the Fort Orange Club, a director of the Albany' Railway, the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad Company and the Albany Elec trical Light Company. Mr. Manning during all his life took in activeinterest in politics, but it was oniy of late years that he became known 1s a political leader. He was scarcely known at all in political circles outside Af Albany prior to the election of Samuel I. Tilden as Governor of New York. He was appointed a delegate from Albany to the convention of 1874, which nomi aated Mr.- Tilden for Governor, and proved so-useful in the campaign which followed that he gained Mr. Tilden's onfidence. He was always a Democrat, mud thoroughly believed in the princi ples of that party. In 1876 he was elected a member of he Democratic State Committee. In t879 SO he served as secretary of the :ommittee and in 1881 he was chosen its president, a position he occupied con :inuously for several years. In 1880 he ad become regarded as Mr. Tilden's nest trusted adviser, and was one of the Lost influential members of the New Eork delegation in the national conven ;ion which nominated General Winfield 3. Hancock for President. It was. lrhrugh him, as chairman of the New Cork delegation, that Mr. Tilden com nunicated to the convention his de ision not to stand again for the Presi leLcy. It has been said that Mr. Manning was nainly instrumental in securing the iomination of Mr. Cleveland for Presi lent, and that a month previous to the nesting of the State Convention of 1882 ie remarked to some political friends ;-ho called on him at the Argus office: 'It seems to me we had better nominate his man Cleveland, of Buffalo." At the special request of Mr. Tilden, President Cleveland invited Mr. Man ling to become a member of his Cabinet end offered him the Secretaryship of the treasury. He was always a man of delicate 1ealth, and upcn the groundi that his yhysical condition would not warrant iim in assuming the labors of the office Ir. Manning at first declined. Influ seces were brough to~da'fdEul1a nduccd him to enter Mr. Cleveland's Jabinet. The labors of his position, as he fear ad, were more than he could sustain. Ele was returning fromn a Cabinet meet non March 28, and was about to enter he Treasury building when lhe was at ;acked with dizziness, and fell heavily to he ground. He was taken to his home n a carriage, where he remained for a sonsiderable time under the care of his >hysician. He tendered his resignation as Secre ary of the Treasury to the President on rune 4. but Mr. ClAeveland refused to eccept it, and induced him to take a ong vacation. Again Mr. Manning sent .n his resignation on February 14, of his year, to take effect on March 4, and ~his time the President accepted it with ~egret, which he expressed in a lengthy alogistic letter. Mr. Manning then took a trip to En :ope and spent some time at the seaside ~esort of Bournemouth, but received no ,ermanent benefit. Previous to his esignaton he was offered the presiden ~y of the Western National Bank, which w'as about to begin business in this city. This position he also dcclined upon the core of ill health, but was told that if .e would accept if' he would be given a eave of absence which he could termi :ate at his own pleasure. He consented :o this arrangement and the bank was >pened. ~Miss Mary Little was Mr. Manning's irst wife, wmihom he married in 1853. She lied in 1882, leaving four children. The sdest son, James Hilton Manning, is enanaging editor of the Argus, and the >ther son, Frederick Clinton Manning, es an active young business man, One yf the daughters is the wife of John A. Delehanty, an Albany lawyer. Mr. Xfanning married his second wife, Miss Say Margueritta Freyer, of Albany, on November 19, 1884. We. are pr'epared to selli Pianos and Drg'ans of dhe best make at factory prices for Cash o'- easy Instalments. Panos from 8210 ul,, Organs from $24 up. Thce ediet of the people is that theyv canu save the ircight and twenty-five per cent. by buying of us. Instruments LteliveredQ to any depot on fiteen days' tral. We pay freight both weys if not satictory. Order and test in your own 'omes. Respectfully, N. W. TRUMP, Columbia, S. C. .1. E. Pxnsoco's Merchant Tailor Es tablisliment, Columzbia, S. C., is in full blast. Only a look will convince any one. All that want a first-class fitting suit try him. A full line of ..he best goods on hand. {_---LOVE'S WAXING. The Fickle Bertha Dupre and Her Husband. (From the Cineinnati Enquirer) In the great Algerian smoking-room, extended on a divan, Bertha felt that time laid heavy on her hands. She lost all thought of the book that she had just read, and which had slipped from her ap to the carpeted floor, soft, thick and rich in colors. The October sun played wantonly through the slightly opened window upon the curtain hangings and the gilded nails of the furniture. Bertha dreamed of herself as the maiden; recalled the day of her mar. ridge, two munths ago, and one by one the days, the hours which had since rolled by, and from time to time you could see her shrug her shoulders and pout her lips. Bertha is not pretty, yet somehow, if you could only see her, you certainly could not help feeling that she merited being loved. The heavy treasure of her chestnut locks massed at the back straightened up her head into an atti tude of noble, graceful pride. Her brown eyes, ordinarily indifferent, often mocking, forget themselves sometimes, and strayed off into dreams. And her mouth, a little large, perhaps, but it knew how to laugh one of those clear, ringing laughs that you felt came from a real good, honest soul. Love? Well, no! she did not love. Why? It is that eternal history: A rich heiress, a commoner, thoughka Parisian, who promised herself within fifteen years to bear a title and have a "salon," she had not understood that the brave young man who called himself simple George Dupre and lived ten months out of the twelve on his landed estate, know ing Paris only by several weeks of each year there, had given to her something as rare as a fine name in bringing to her his great, good heart and strong youth. Ah, if he had been a man of the world, if the women had spoken in low tones of his follies, the young girl would then perhaps have remarked that in the great blue eyes of her lover there was enough frankness for all her confidence; love enough for a wealth of affection. She did not know that a man has no time for love in Paris; that solitude and the free air of the woods are the best counselors of the heart. Bertha never once doubted herself, and I should ba e never guessed it if she had told me of it, and this was how it came about. While she lay there dreaming, the sun commenced to set and the indiscreet ray cast into her chamber, slid over the flowery carpet and cun ningly approached the young woman. It kissed her feet first, then her knees, and mounted even to her face. Dazzled by the light, Bertha rose to go and close tne blinds. Now, near this window, in the em brasure, stood a pretty little piece of urniture usuary locked with a key. This day the key had been left in the lock and one of the drawers was left partly open, and among a common lot of papers Bertha perceived a package of letters bearing George's address, and having nothing else to do to amuse her self, and noting the superscriptions to be in the fine, light hand of a woman, and as silence reigned in the closed chamber, the ray of the sun itself having disappeared, she untied the ribbon that secured the letters and began the zead ing of them. The first said simply: "You are not thoughtful, my dear friend. I asked for a few roses, a small bouquet for my courage, and you sent me a sheaf of flowers! I pardon you, but see that you are wviser in the future. By by. "LovrsE." A packet of letters is like a book; one loves to finger over the leaves and glance through themn before reading them. Bertha took from the middle of the package-an-envelope ornamented with a silver monoa drew out of it another billet; it was s cely large~r than the first, but it sai-i mor teri-i nating with these worde: "You -ae handsome!" This time it was sind "Lo ulu." This gave renewed interest, and, her curiosity touched, she absorbed herself in their reading for a long time. She became passibnately interested, for her hands trembled each time she unfolded a letter. One time even she displayed a little shiver of anger, and the tell-tale red flushed her countenance. Suddenly she heard a voice calling her from without, that of her husband, who had returned. She closed the drawer quickly, rain out upon the steps and found herself face to face with George. H was standing there, his gun negli ently thrown on his shoulder, cap in his hand and a little dusty and a little tanned, but young, strong and happy. The day had been a good one and ac cording to his custom he told her of his lack and of the incidents of his hunt. Bertha looked without saying any thing, and in looking at him and listen ing to his clear, vibrating voice she seemed to, hear another voice, the soft voice of a woman, breathing into her ear and saying to her: "fell him. You are handsome." "Come, tell nme," said George to her. "I have asked you the question now three times. Shan't we have dinner in half an hour? I am dying of hunger. What say?" "Very well; certainly," said she, coming out of her reverie. While ho mounted to his apartment she remained thoughtful several min utes, carcssing with a nervous hand Jack, the favorite spaniel. Of whom was she thinking? Stopping for several minutes she then quickly ran up the steps and entered. In the smoking room, before the same drawer of thre same piece of furniture, erth4 neumned her interrupted reading. She opened the last letter of the packeage, which ran thus: "31y Dn Farum: They speak of your charming finance, and I know you must love her. To yon I say, 'Be hap py.' To her I can wish nothing. Has she not snatched all this good fortune from me? D~oes she know the fualli measure of happiness? I would so like to tell her. There! there! I grow weak' and fooish. Adieu. "Lors." Bertha ref olded the letters, tied them together, and pressed them back with the other paeers isto the drawer, then, seating herself in the large arm-chair, near thre window, remained quiet and pensive. The time rolled by and the young mao womacm so lost -in her dreams t. at she did not hear George enter. He leaned over the back of the chair and asked, laughingly: "Don't you know that du:ner is ready?" Bertha raised on him her moistened eyes. "What! weeping?" said he. "No," said she, rising. Then she passed her arm around the neck of her husband and sighed. "No. I love you; that is all." THE COLUMBIA SEMINAIRY. Dr. Woodrow Claims Zhat the "War" ipot: Him Has been Renetewed." The Southern Presbyterian, published and edited by Dr. James Woodrow, late professor in the Columbia Theological Seminary of natural science in it? rela tion to revealed religion, and present professor in the South Carolina Univer sity of geology and zoology, last Ihum day contained a column editorial, { entitled "The war renewed," embodying in greater detail the following statements and comments: "One of the inducements offered to students in the Theological Seminary is that the lectures of the professors of the South Carolina University are open to them. Accordingly during the last few months several of the Seminary students have been attending Prof. Woodrow's classes, some regularly matriculating as University students and others obtaning permission from the professor to attend regularly as visitors. Their attendance suddenly ceased. After a time one of them reappeared. From the minutes of the New Orleans Presbytery the South ern Presbyterian now learns the cause of the cessation and reappearance, and as certains that the attendance was forbid den by Profs. Tadloek, Girardeau and Herzman. The Now Orleans Presbyte ry, after considering on the 27?a of De cember a communication from the faculty of the Seminary relative to that Presbytery's candidate, who, acting un der the Presbytery's Assembly corre spondent, announced his purpose to at tend Prot. Woodrow's lectures contrary to the wishes of the faculty, adopted, by a vote of 18 to 11, resolutions sustaining the faculty and disapprovidg the action of the Presbytery's correspondent of education." The Presbyterian adds that in October Prof. Woodow was earnestly requested, in the name of the Seminary students, to take a number of them under his in structions, either in his study or else where, but peremptorily declined, but subsequently several of them matricu lated at the University in order to attend his lectures, and as he could throw no obstacles in the way of such actin, they did thereafter attend them. Soon some of the students ceased attending,andProf. Woodrow learned that the Rev. G. A. Blackburn, Dr. Girardeau's sod-in-law, pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church in Columbia, had informed several students that their attendance at Prof. Woodrow's University lectures was in juring the Seminary by causing outside friends to withhold contributions, and the support of those who p-rsisted in attending would be cut off. Sabsequent ly Dr. Girardeau told one who had been attending that such action was i direct opre sition to the will of the entire Ca ,rch, and that if students were al-1i low-:d to listen to Prof. Woodrow's lee tures the entire effect of the Church's struggle for the last three years would be nullified. The student, regarding this as an official opinion, notified the faculty of his intention of renewing his attendance at the lectures. This an vouncement was not replied to by the faculty, but they sent the communica tion already mentioned to the New Or leans Presbytery. The Southern Presbyterian expresses regret that Drs. Tadlock and Herzman have shown themselves entitled to a place by Dr. Girardeau's side in the front rank of extremist pirtiswus, and says that it had not thought that they would "be foud uniting with their col league in boycotting a professor who isi nuietly discharging his duties in the Statd Univgity." It is evidenit~ t~is-ee le~velop ment will tend to keep open theq of evolution so long fought over. It is a curious fact that even the practical cx communication of Dr. Woodrow has not kept theological students from seeking his instruction in geology and conse quent dicta as to the origin of man. A Good Thing for Boys~. Manual training is one of the few good things that is good for everybody. It is good for the rich boy, to teach him re pect for the dignity of beautiful work. It is gorod for the poor boy, to increase his facility for handling toog, if tools prove to be the thing he must handle for a living afterwarIt is good for the bookish boy to draw him away from books. But, most of all, it is good for the non-bookish boy, too, in showing him that there is something that heca do well. The boy utterly unable, even if he were studious, to keep up in book knowledge and percentage with the brighter boys, becomes discouraged, dull and moody. Let him go to the work room for an hour, and find that he can make a box or plane a rough piece of board as well as the brighter scholarI nay, very likely better than his brighter neighbor, and you have given him an I impulse of seli-respect that is of untold! benefit to him when he goes back to his studies. He will be a better and bright er boy for finding out something that he can do well. Mind you, it is not plhning the board that does him good; it is planing the board in the presence of other boys who can no longer look down upon him when they see how well he can plane. He mtight go home after school ine a board in the bosom of his family, or go to an evening school' to learn to plane, without a quarter part, nay, without any, of the invaluable effect upon his manhood that it will have to let him plane side by side with thosie who in mental attainments may be his superiors.-Amaerican Magazine. A Pittsburg, Pa.. dispatch says that the2 maniresto issueid lasi night by th~e joinI soiation :and thle Knights of Labior de clares that th~e die is cast and tha:t a~ genera strik-e at all 11f'y-live collieries in th Ir s:,n, except those conceding tne eight per emt. avanice. will be inaugu~rated today. Five Rteading colh~eries ini operation yea~r diy lid barelv suflicient men at work to keep up appearices. In addition to the Reading and ,arious collieries, all mineral mining company (Pennsylvania Railroad moros in Shnamokin district have ceasd. Outrageous Conduct of a .0o, of NIroes lu Lancaster County. (Fron the Lancaster Lcd-er About dusk on the evening of the 20th alt., while Mr. W. J. Blackmon, a well to-do farmer, who lives in the eastern section of this county, was at his barn, about forty yards distant from his dwell ing, looking af ice his stock, several per sons sct upon him with clubs and most brutaily beat him until they supposed they had lillcd him, when they took his keys from his pocket and threw him into the staible. Sam Kelly, a colorsed bay, who lives about 200 vardes off, was the first to apprise any one of Mr. Black mon's condition. He says that he' heard the blo'ws and supposed M1r. .. was beating one of the mules, so he went to the stable and found Mr. B. lyin; is the stable as he supposed dead. He called to his mother and told her that the mules had killed Mr. Blackmon. They informed Mrs. Blackmon, who was cook ing supper, and they all three ran to the stable where aIr. B. was lying insensi ble and bleeding profusely from his wounds. Mr. B. was removed to his house and a physician sent for in post haste. In the meanitimse, while Mrs. B. was out looking after her husband, the par ties who committed the dastardly and atrocious outrage entered the dwelling through the front door, and going into the room where Mr. B. keeps his safe, attempted, with the keys they had taken from his pocket, to open it. Failing in this and breaking the knob off the safe door they threw the keys on a bed in an adjoining room through which they had to pass and departed. The following morning an inspeetion of the stable lot was made for track ,a cd racks of three persons were found com ing from the back part of the lot to aud. around the stable to the point where Mr. B. was assailed. The tracks were appar ently made by two persons wearing wo men's shoes and one wearing boys' shoes -the largest tracks being made by nnm ber 7 or S shoes and the others by num ber G shoes. No effort is being spared to ascert in the guilty parties. Six white men, one woman and a colored boy have been ar rested and lodged in jail on suspicion, and it is likely that other arrests will be made. Their names are: Oren Bone,. Andy Deas, Elmore Deas, Jim Barret, Sanford Barret, Stephen Hinsos, Fanny Barret, all white, and Sam Kelly, cot red. Mr. Blackmon's condition is much better and there is little doubt now of ,is recovery, though at first his wounds ere thought to be fat:'l. He rezeived ;ive severe blows on his head, besides bruises and cuts on his body, and his left Forearm was broken. He lay unconscious for several 1ays. It was hopea that. on his recovering consciousless he woule be .ble to tell the na-es ci his as.milints, bat he has no recollection of having :vor seen them. Mr. Blackmon opened his sae on HIonday and found that it was (ntered cy the robbers on the night of t:c 20tJ. : bag containing $2,000 in teld was: taken, whiie one containing $1,00) in old was not touched. He ii new able o talk, but declines to say mnch about he af8air. He intimated enough, how ver, to give sone visitors to understand hat the guilty parties were within the each of the law. He sent for the sheriff resterday. Cleveiand and a Little Girl. Mr. Cleveland evinces great fondness or children. When he alight-d from is carriage at the Mi'inesota Cub aousc and was in the act of~ .st-endng :he steps a little girl, seve' or- ei:ht ears of age. evidently the child :ree working people, puased her way throughs ;e crowvd and steppEd in fra of tha President. The great man stoppe'd for moment and looked 'do-;n upv-n the ittle intruder. But whLen ho -~xth leading expression in the brown eyes >f the child, and the little girl marmuer ad out: "Please, sir, I would iike to! shake hands with the President of the nited States," the look of pustere lg~vn the President's face was sud enly rept- '~ ssmile ot inteissest gratificatio~n. "Certai' "arhin he luckly responded, and the i, n" was seon encased in his ow', whue wih ;he other he smoothed back the ec-!s 'rom the dimpled face and pat'ed the >ush-tinged cheek. Fifty year: from ow that tittle girl will probab y be tlil ng her grandchildren tho sucidnt of! er meeting with President Clevelad. t. Paul Globe. An Ornamient .'3 an Old Cour:. The Princesse de la Tremoille has re :ently died here at the age of seventy ;even. Her na me rccalls the reign of ouis Philippe, of whose court she was >ueC of the gretst . rnamn.s. Ais Jile de Serxant she ma'e a i.hilliant lebut at Court, and wa's instanty takhen mi by- the King anda his cosort, 3Merie &umelle. In Septemb-r, 18:30, Mille de errasut married~ Prince Ch9.tres 'aarie, Dusc de la TremLle0 an. d Priace of Earentusm and Tialmo~nd, 9:iose b:rother, royalist genrl of cavalry, w.as guil otined by the Terrori t at L-wal in I 94 thne Prince died in 18~:30. D)ring ier Iong widowhood the Pri nces de~ . la remoille led a very retired life ccu-~"~ ng herself chiefiy with the e~incz'tion of ir son, thepresent Dac de hei TrL'n.ilie vhbo is one of the most devgotd aie -nts of th'e Orleans family, and w.anted~ ;o o into exile with the Come de (i'ris, >a was iersuaded by- that Prnc tc re nain in~ France.-Iaris Di) ptch to ondon Daily Telegraph. H oirJS W~bGcat WVindow?. There are las France 2h. .270 ao:art enits psa i'ing accommo:tions for >vr %hi,UU00 pereun , which rooms are mtirely destitute o~ an other imeans of tmittin air an:1 alns o y~i ti' or. [n I Paris~ lone, the numboer of *..e huslodged reaches a total of :,sG tLere are. inT Londn over u;000Q ta es wholiv~e in ce-iar" under the~ mes-t mifavorablye conditions as regards slu >ity. In Berina there ara :3'00 iui s who occup~y only' portions o? rooms; re wit a sort of shellm on *ac a ather, miother and. chidren slee one ,ver the other. A great improvement in enveloijt.s t ymming of the lower inside. wid me iper tlap remains clean to bse mfeir ened nons usalb the tnonue WILL POWDERLY STEP DOWN? .1 Thorough Reorganization of the Knights of Labor Said to be Coming. (New York Mail and Express.) According to reports that have been received here by some of the more prominent of the leaders of the Knights of labor, the long-continued fight in that organization will be settled by the resignations of Master Workman Pow deny, Secretary Litchman and the other members of the so-called "administra tien ring" and a complete reorganization of the order. Thus a struggle of more than three years will be brought to a close. Careful observers, however, hold that the end will come too late to save the organization and that it is doomed to disintegration. Up to the last mo ment the administration hoped that some compromise might be 'ved at with District Assembly No. 1 o " - - dalphia and through it with the other districts connected with the Chicago Provisional Committee, which is now leading the open revolt. But no com promise would be accepted by the "kickers." The reaching of a definite end on last Thursday night was pre vented by the sudden illness of Master Workman Powderly, but the other par ties interested met and had an opportu nity to indulge in some very plain talk, the plainest of which came from Messrs. Barry and Baily, the anti-Powderly members of the General Executive Board, whom the ring tried, but fald, to oust from office at Minneapolis. Powderly is now said to be willing to step down. He is not shamiing sick ness. Not only is he ill, but he is dis gusted and discouraged as. well. His recent tour through the East and the in *ormation that has come to him from c her sources have convinced him that vie once great order of which he was head is fast dropping to pieces. -The growing strength of the revolt shows him that there is nothing ahead but de feat for him or the disintegration of the organization. His sickness is oppor tune. He will, according to the state ments now made, use physicalincapacity as an excuse for giving up his position, will go abroad for a time and leave the - others to fight the thing out as they may. But General Secretary Litchman, sn& the others think they see a gleam of hope in the delay secured by Powderly's illness. Litchman will next week send out his annual assessment notices to all the local assemblies. Upon the re -- sponses will rest the last hopes of: the administration group. The Provisional Committee is not in any humor to allow the ring to renew its supplies. It is now represented in every State by district assemblies, and every single local at tached to these is being warned not to pay a penny over to the Philadelphia crowd. In addition, every possible in fluence is be brought to bear upon 1o"' cals that are not yet in open revolt to induce them to withhold the amounisof the assessments levied upon them.. As matters stand at present it is pretty cer tain that the amount of.money paid into the general treasury this year will be in significant when compared with former years. The results of this financial boy cott is obvious. Meanwhile the National Provisional Committee is continuing steadily on the aggressive. The rebels now number hundreds of thousands and are confident of victory. The Knights have watched the con vention of the American Federation of Trades at Baltimore with great interest. To a Mail and Express reporter George McMurray, of the Printers' Assembly, aid he did not think that, proy managed, the Knights wouldsuerb reason of the phenomenal success of the federation, adding: There is room for both organizations, and plenty oi work for each. It should not for a moment be considered that there is any rivalry cr competition be tween the two organizations. Each is engaged in a great work. IndIustil Notes. The cotton seed oil trust, by its im proved machinery in th~e pressing of cotton seed, saves in the aggregate from ten to t wenty thousand bales offgtgiIg which has heretof - ~4ot. - were five sales of wool in Lon don last year amounting to 1,180,000 bales. The Standard Oil Company has run during the past year 4,500,000 barrels of ~ oil through its lines i2 northern Ohio. It is estimated that it will require 133,800,000 to support the various de partments of the New York city govem ment during 1888. The total value of the mineral pro ducts of the United States is estimated at .$i65,000,000, an increase of $30,000; 000 as against the previous year. * A new nail is coming on the market to make more trouble. It is claimed they will-run twenty per ceat. more to the teg than the ordinary nAl and not one imperfect nail is to be found in a keg.. They are to be sold at current prices., German steel is imported to make thenm v'd a Chicago firm has the monopoly,. Work the OJrder of the Day at Sing Sia.; The 1. 55: convicts in Sing Sing Prison began the New Year at their regular tasks while the people in the outside world were nihing merry. Only four oi the cight legal holidays of the year in this State are observed in the penal colony up the river, and New Year's day is not one of them. The prison opened at 6.30 in the morning, and the convicts avre marched to the big mess room where 1,:100) ci thema siicntly breakfasted togeth~er. Then, under the surveillance of their keepers, they were marched to their several rlaces of work. Not until he~ natal dai- of the Riepublic will there be any change from the prescribed plan, bmt wholesome tare given them, and no cessation from work except on Sundays. As ou electiona day, Thanksgiving Day na. Christmas, they will have an extra. bi of fare. and can maake as much noise athey want to oa the nexi; holiday, ourth of .July.-New York World. . 'Total Eclipse of all other medicines by Dr. R. V. icee's "Golden 3ledical Discovery" is ap >ro: 'nLnmaled in billious disorders, ~ngnd consump~tion, which is i of the ina