The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, August 17, 1887, Image 1
.-.y
~ ~ -~ .. C4
VOL iII. MANN~~ING. (IAREND()N ('(UNT. C., WE1)NESI)AY AU(WT1G .NO 5
THlE Gt4.11W!N Hu
ON THE F1iiT o A-(;'.ST.
Excellent Pro-pects l.A a Great Y:eld Of
Cote:rTatVy ReduCtiol in the Condi
tion of Corn--No Improvement in Sjr in
Wheat--A P'otar Fr.it Crop.
WASHINGTON, August 10.-The AEgUst
report of the Department of Agncuilture
gives the following facts and ngures as
to the conditioh of the rowi ros
thror~. -at the country:
(TToN.
The past month has been favcrable,
except that the rainfall *as been un
equally distributed in po timLe,
drought threatening at one 'iod and
damaging rains following. In the ut
ern belt the excess of moisture precoi
nates as a factor of depreciation. Tl ,.
weed is therefore large and sappy, and
the fruit fall appears in some
serious, and some cases of rust api.e r.
In Louisiana similar conditions ave
prevailed, and only very partial
Mississippi. Texas has been too iry,
though the drought has not as yet beCn
disastrous or severe. The prevalent
status of the crop is very good for the
1st of August. While the reports re-!,
cognize this as a critical time and fear 1
the effect of subsequent droughts on the H
green and succulent condition of the
plant, yet, in a compazison of ten i cars,
the August condition is only exceeded
by that of 1882 and 1885, the one pro
ducing a large crop and the othi r an
under medium yield. The generai tver
age.condition is 93.3, which is lower, by,]
over three points, than that of Jaly.
The State averages are as follows: Vir
ginia 94, North Carolina 96, South Car
olina 95, Georgia 94, Florida 96, Ala- i
bama 93, Mississippi 96, Louisiana 94,
Texas 88, Arkansas 97, Tennessee .5.
The first brood of caterpilltrs has p
peared in several States, but is not
erally mentioned in the returns. 17, is
reported in Orangeburg and Berl., 1,
;. C., in Calhoun, Taylkr, Dooly and I
Laurens, Georgia; in Hale and D..iass,
Alabama; in Stark, Newton, Issaqueena 1
and Oktibbeha, Mississippi; in R-d I
River, Bossier, Riehiland, Natchit hes
and Iberville, Louisiana, and in S - p
ens Camp and Jackson, Texas. Th. 5011
worm is much less frequently mentik n-d. j
cEPEALS.
The prospcet a month ago was f .r a
very heavy crop of corn and the rate of
yikld about the averge. Its conO ion
in all the States of the Atlantic coat is
now unimpaired and of very high i om
ise. In Tcxas and Tennessee the codi
tion has declined materially. J the
central corn region, however, in the val
leys of the Ohio and the. Missour, were<
two-thirds of the crop is grown and the I
commercial supply is procured, a v.ry
heavy reduction has taken place, . !ich (
has made the national average 80.7 in
stead of 97.7 last month. The can-' is
the long-continued dreught, which has M
boen severest in Kansas, Illinois, inai-!
, Ohio and Michigin. hebrasa Las.
been scorched on the southerly bei der, 1
and Iowa and Missouri ha.:ve (&.sqped!
with comparatively light loss, as h.ave! (
the more Northra States. The ;-even
corn surplus States stand as foljows:
Ohio 8-2, Indiana 64, Illinois U5, .LUwa
90, Missari 80, Kansas 6(, Nebrada 75.
The condition of spring wheat, which
was reported very low last month, from I
ravages of chinch bug, is not i'nproved.i
in the August returns, but has falen off
very slightly. The general average is
78.8, two points less than the August re
turns of last year. Dakota has madec a
slight change and stands highest in cn
dition. The average for Wisconsin is73
Minnesota 70, Iowa 72, Nebraska7,
Dakota 80. In the extreme east andt
Pacifie coast the condition of spring
wheat is high. There is no report oi
winter wheat the present month, as it is f
too'early to obtain results.
In the oats crop there is no change.C
A part of the breadth was harvested at
last reports. The condition averages
85.6, which indicates a crop slightly un
der the average.
The barley crop promises to yield
rather better than was feared last month.t
The eastern product averages a higher I
condition, but is reduced slightly sunce
last reports. The average is 63. 2, mdi
eating nearly an average yield.t
Buckvheat appears to be practically
the same as last year and averages abut
90.3 in condition.
ToBAcco.
The tobacco crop is in high condition
in the seed leaf States, averaging nearly
100, except in Winconsin. The shipping
and cutting district of the West make
unprecedented reports of low condition
--Tennessee 3t8, Kentucky 50, Ohio 55,
Indiana 56, Illinois 52, Missouri 0. I
view of the heavy reduction in acreage
in fragments, the usual crop may be ex
pectecd. An oillial investigation of the
area now in progress will determine au- .
thoritatively the breadth cultivated the
present year.
- There is a great reduction since the
Jst of July in the condition of potatoes,<
almost entirely the result of drought.
There is no material decline on the
-Atlantic or Gulf coasts, but the iniuryt
is severe in the West. The loss during
the mouth as reported is fully 20) pei Ii
cent. of the prospective crop.
FR~lT.
Tho fruit crop is very poor. There
will be few apples outside New England
and New York. There will be a partial
crop in Michigan. In the Ohio Rivet
States the harvest will 1:e nearly an en
ire failure.
T he hay crop is also greatly reduced.
In the West the generail crop is 80.
THE~ CHOPS IN TilE STATE.
The Condition of Cottoni. Corna. Rice- an.:
Other Cropsa. :as Repoa.rted to tihe D~e'art
ment of Agriculture.
The consohdtati'n of the crops for the
month cending Au gust ist, from retons
to the South Caruhna Deptaent of
Agriculture, shows the Iollowing ier
esting facts and figures:
The estimates given are based up~on
271 replies, covermng every county in the
~3tte.Twohudre an tirten on
respondents report that tie weter 1as
been favorable niud forty-two ruifavor
able.
The crop was thou-ht to lt sightly
injured b. the exct-sive het weather
during a few days of the mnrth, but
timely rains CnneI and the crop was re
covering , when the heavy rains con
tinuing have c:mised the cotton to shed f
some of its fruit. The Cra ws two or
three weeks earlier than last year, and
therefore, has a fall bottom crop. Some
of our corrspondeurs say that if the L
saos contnue thrce weeks longerthat1
S full er p ih gather-:d, and that it
ill be the larg' vield that has been
d L:2tis State for seval years, s
there a. Lmn c tat mat
riA: be fo re the - naturt o heco
I
ad el e.1teriilar; whIch a ppeared
sn la.ities, that it may, i our
acxt repurt, materially change the aver
ige for th:e State.
The condition is reported in upper
Arolina at 97 per cent.; middle Caroli
i:t at 102 per cent., and in lower Carolina
tt 9 per ceut. An averge for the State
'f !:' per cent., showing a failing of 2 n
er ceItt. for the State since our last re
iort; but, vertheles, the cro' is still r
)etter tlan for years up to this date. i
a
cohn.
The corn crop is reported general v to e
c the best ever grown in the State. c
Lhe early upland corn is matured aLnd U
ecured fro=a injury. The late corn has
eceived rains silficient to almost bring y
t to perfection.
The condition of the crop is reported (
n upper Carolicea at 99 per cent.; 2,id- n
lie Caroiina 102 per crnt., and lower 1:
,arolina 97 per cent.; an average for the c
tate of 99 per cent., against 94 per (
ent. for June, and 1; per cent. com- I
>ared to the crop of last year. This tt
)erccntage will be somewhat reduced ii
>wing to the freshets, which has de- A
troyed much of the corn planted en n
iver and creek bottoms; but, with those t
Irawbacks and the increased acreage and
ield, the crop will be the largest ever r
froduced. C
RICe.
The rep Ports for a large crop of rice fr I
he acreage planted still continues favor
lle, and if it is nut injured by the pres- d
nt floods, which eanuot now be de- n
ermiaed, will be the largest fur a -am
>er of years. ti
The condition is reported for uppaer r
Jarclina at 91 per cent., midile Care ni 0
t 99 per cent., and lower Carolin:! at 0
S per cent. An averaga for the State of
7 per cent., the same as June report. 1
OTNER cnoP's.
The condition of the other crops is
eoorted a., foliow.:
Sorghum, for upper Carolina at 97 .
er cent., middle Carolina at 97 per
C
eut., and lower Carolina at 97 per cent.,
n average for the Suate of 97 per cent.
sugar cane, for upper Carolina 83 per
ent., raiddie Caroilna 9S per cent., and g
ower Carolina at 97. an average for the !
itate of 92 per cent. Pease, for upper a
'arolina at 98 per cent., middle Carolina t
.)0 per cent., and for lower Carolina at f(
5 par cent., an average for the State of g
S per cent., and our correspondents re- c
ort a large incse in the acreage over
qrevious years. IiI potatves reported
or upoer Carolina at 69 pser cent., mid- t
!e Carolina at 4, per c(,'. end lower
ti
larolina at 89 per cent. Sweet potatoes
re reported for upper Carolina at 95
e-r cent., middle Carolina at 100 per
ent., and lower Carolina at 97 per cent.
.n average for the State of 97 per cent.
)ur correspondents repQrt this crop in I
ine condition, and as the crop has been P
ucreasea 2 per cent. in acreage the 3 ield j
n
aust necessarily >e very large.
D'EAT11 OF A F.U'S U'NION SI'V. b
'ardaw Warsley. Whio Followed 31 sby t}
a::dl Lee, is N p 3Mere.
Pardaw Warsley. the "Union spv of 0
he Shenandoah," died at hia home at I
roster Brook, N. Y., last week, aged C
ixty-seven years. Beginning life as a n
ancy goods merchant in Massachusetts, a:
.t the opening of the war he raist a a
omnpany of the Fourteenth Massachu- I
etts Iheavy Artillery. He was soon d
iterwards employed by Major-Genearal fl
~. F. Butler ini thie name of the United 1z
~tates to go into the British provinces to ti
>ok into the system of blockade running 1
hen in vogue. . He was successful in P
his mission, for Major-General C. C. 't<
tugur, in his report of August 25, 1865, C
ay s that it was through the instrumer.- I
aity of Mr. Warsley that the extensive s1
ystema of blockade-running from Badti
aore and Wa shington was broken up.f
tfter returning from this trip Warsley SI
rent out as a spy up)on Mosby under.
.ugur, though not until he had returned i
o ioston and married Helen Isabelle t<
~rancis, who survives him. 0:
Accompanied by his young wife, z
Varsley set cut ostensibly upon a ived- ti
ding trip through Virginia~ His ~realE
ibject was soon suspected by Mosby,
nda spy w'as placed upon his track.
:'he spy was a handsome young ladyE
r-ho was to be conducted to Washington
y Warsley. The Union spy was too
mart to be caught, and, instead of
tsing hi pass through the Union lines,
e conducted the lady through swamps t<
.nd by-roadis until she became disgusted n
rith the trip, and she returned to Mosby it
ouvinced of the loyalty of Warsley. i.r
losby was not convinced, and at one a
ime~ placed a pistol to Warsle-y's head, n
hreatening to blow his brains out. The o
-oung lady interceded and Waisley' a1L
ife was saved. After vards Mosby be- p
ame his firm frihnd, LGLti~g a duel is
tith a nephtew of Gieneral Lee because g
~ieutenant Lee had set a guard upon ti
Varsley and had condemned him as a& a:
py. On two occasions Warsley furnish-n
d information by which the Federal t<
orces were enabled to surround thea
Louse in which Mosby was quartered, y
mi the dashing Rebei cut his way out a:
.nd escap)ed. On several occasions
Varsley got information of intended ja:
aids upon Washington in time to alow t,
he authorities to mass their forces and
ave the capital. l
At the time of the assassination o1e
~resia~nt Lincoln War.<ey was givei
ome~ad ofa squad oi detectivsa~
\hen Booth was kmed '.ar:.i y returac i
Sprivate lije, and for years ran a p
estaurant ii. the irialford oil hilds.
WXilliamt :1ellwain, olored. was $ho
houahi no0t aly. last NSamrd:3y nighi 1.f
dr. W. S. 1I. Harper, while in: thi aL 0, o
tealing watermelons from Mr. Harperi
aicb in Lancaster.f
l:IsA.:0 s( I:!G SC 1 E.F!.
I m rkabl I roI I ( - et WN1i 0ch th Ger *.1 1kInp
Chaemellor ik Sah! to Havre in View.
Gra 'vat -. iilan[d.
( *0ca - it - New Y%1k Icr .
FiA rKFOI.T, Augast 8.-By a ver;
ucky coincidence I have just had
iighly interesting conversation with 1
creiga diplomatist whose high positio
!nables him to have as clear an insigh
nto) the views and ultcrior amis of Priac
3ismarck as perhaps any man living cai
Lave. The diplomatist in question wa:
assing throu" F1rakfort on his wal
o a fashiionabe German watering pilce
.Id the fortune of travel placed us in th
ame railway carrilag.
I called the diplomatist's attention t(
be report published by the iBruss-e
iazette to the elect that the Gerrmai
tail were complAetiLg me- ure b3
rhich in twenty-four hours some -100.00t
rerman troors could be thrown intc
oliand. The diplomatist said:
"I hat report is so near to the trutl
tat it is sure to be contradicted. Gou
ian designs upon Holland, are, in my
pinion, the key note of Prince Bis
iarek's future projects. Prince Bis
iarck, if he cloaks his acts, seldom con
eais his opinions, and I have serious
tasons that justify my conviction that
efore long Prince Bismarck will, by an
1roit move, use Holland as the means,
:rarge as it may seem at first sight, of
menting friendship with France and.
SacquiruIg a colonial empire for Ger.
lanv.
I remarked: "I don't quite understand
ou. How could this be done?"
"In this way. Suppose some day
rany were to say to France, You
tay have Alsace-Loraine back again
rovided you will let Germany have
irte blanche elsewhere and agree to
eriany absorbing Holland and all the
[olland colonies.' A proposition to re
irn the lost provinces would be received
i France with leaps and bounds of joy.
.t heart the French and Germans do
ot hate cach other nearly as bitterly as
ie French and English do.
"I firmly believe that Prince Bismarek
rally contemplates such a move. The
hancellor nev r follo vs well-beaten
nes of diplomatic routine. His genius
as indefinable as that of a poet, a
)under of religion, or of an artist. His
i.h'natic thunderbolts strike at one
wmeut in Schleswig-Holstein, then in
ustria and again in France. He is not
ie man to have made such extraordiua
F sacrifices to lay the foundation of
erman calonization unless he felt sure
reaping a rich harvest."
"The Chancellor knows that every
Crman who emigrates to Amelica iS
)rever lost to German%. - The moment
ermauny has colonies of her own this
ist drain upon tw' Fatherland can not
uiv be checkc -, ibut transformed into a
riCeless source of strenagth. The vast
>)hoies of Holland oflr exactly mshat
ermany wants. They could bu at once
ade profitable without spending a sin
e thaler. Holland has sank milli..ns
gulden and thousands of men in Java
ad Sumatra. With Germa , organiza
on and energy the Dutch Indies would
>rm a sort of wedge or strategic vantage
counl, dividing England's two great
>lonial bulwarks-Australia and ILia.
"Prince Bismarck feels that France
:a Germany are natural :lies, and that
ic real enmy of Cermany, France and
assia is England. It is on this basis
lat the future of Europe and Asia is to
a settled-the Continent for the Conti
antals; German- to cement lasting
iendship with 1 rance by giving her
ick Alsace-Loraine and thereby realize
tr magnificent dream of colonial em
Ire; and Russia, under the :egis of
ermany and France, to secure the road,
>t only to Constantinople, but to a
uchi coveted port on the Indian Ocean,
etween Persia and British India.
"It is tv-day not France, but England,
tat is the Chancellor's bete noire.
verywhere he turns it is England that
?poses his interests. In the Balkan
eninsula it is England that is straining
rery nerve to create small independent
ttionalities into bairiers against R~ussin
id Austrian conquest. And as to the
>mination that Bisnmarck is trying to
ing about in Egypt, England is the
g in the manger that prevents iBis
arck's policy of placing Egypt under
rench or continental control. In Cen
al Asia it is England that prevents
ussia from devcloping southward-a
>icy which was always felt by Bismarck
be a necessity, in order to enable
ermany to hold her own in Central
urope. Everywhere it is England that
ands in the Cnancellor's way."
And here the diplomatist lightea a
esh cigar, and added, with a significant
nile:
"In spite of these plain facts England,
the p~resent naval maanoeuvres, seems
have utterly ignored the possibility
defence against a German or an allied
rt neh, German and Rlussian tleet at
eking her from the North Sea. The
:itish naval authoritics seem to have
ily 1:rovided for the case of French
vaders coming from Cherbourg or
oulogne!"
Sai.J ones att Chau1Lttang ua.
The lecture of Sam Jones on "Charac
r and Character" is going on, and as I
>w write in hearing of much he says,
is clear that he has his audience weli
hand and is playing upon the thou
.nds who listen as the harper plays
oen the strings of his instrument. As
ten, on an average, as once a minute
tere bursts forth the most stormy ap
a~use. The mian is att his best, and this
with him a field day. He has iistin
iished between character and reputa
on, character and orthodoxy, character
ad professions asnd relations, and is
>w picturing the relation of character
temperance, igh-license, proh ibition~
ad a great many other interests of
cactical life. lie is absolutely fearless,
ad really he loves a shining miark. Hie
ss no more love or revt rence for lords
ad nobles, judges and bishoups, than for
ampis, when iscussing questions i't
ght and wrong. lie seems to be ob
tious to everything but One, and to
neentrate himnelf into a lightning boh
>r tl~u' purpose o str'iking tihe on-:pois
a ishes to hit lard.-Corresondee4
uindo Cou:-ier
enka sa shai senti 0c(si an
r illu'stratted bok suggest ing sae meanps
eture. Address.irldI s a) ispensary
"d'e:iI As-ociuion .' -lin street,Uut
1n N V
1:.~ 1,LY '1' ()1, 1 iS V1:01 IKA1IEI1111S.
HmW TO Do PAYING WORK AT T;ITS
Stiggtioit o .interedt. from an Anithori
ta ive Source.
(W. L. Jnes :n Southern cultivator )
August is usually a month of compar
ative rest on the Southern farm. The
arduous labor of cultivating the two
most importaut crops is pretty well over
on e well-managed farm, excepting,
po-;sibly, in the extreme northern edge
of our peculiar territory. Although
July 1st is literally the midway station
in the year's calendar, August 1As is
eally nearer the dividing line between
the work of cultivation and the labors
of the harvest. Yet there may be some
work that may profitably be done in the
continued cultivation oi the cotton field.
SHALL PLOWING CONrrs un?
It depends on the condition of the
plants and seasons. If the crop is in a
growing condition, and fruiting, well,
but is ratlier later in development
than it should be, the cultivators, or
shallow-running sweeps and scrapes, may
be run over the fields every ten days,
particularly after a rainfall suflicient to
form a crust. Root-cutting and mangling
must be carefLully avoided, as the effect
will be to c:luse the t'lant to shed its
fruit and then take on a new growth too
late to amount to anything. The object
now should be to prevent the shedding,
of the sqiares already formed, and en-;
courage their development into blooms
and bolls, sinee very few that make their
appearance after the tenth of the month
will escape the first killing frosts of
October. Late cotton should be en
couraged to keep up a vigorous growth,
not that the additional development of
the weed will incresse the number of
bolls by the formation of new equares,
but that the squares and young bolls
may be hastened to full size and earlier
maturitv. Where sweeps and scrapes
have been used during June and July, if
cultivation be continued now, it is better
to run the implement in the same furrow
previously last run, and thus avoid
plunging the plow into the ridges of soil
cast up at the plowing. One furrow in
the middle using a twenty-inch sweep,
scrape or cultivator, will generally be all
that is now required.
10PrIs COTTON.
Many experiments have been made in
topping cotton in the last forty years, I
and the results and conclusions have
been very diverse. Sometimes it pays;
o:ten it does 11ot; sometimes it injures.
No rule can b:e given that will always
work. The usual object in topping is
to prevent further growth of weed and
forms after th plant has as -many as it
can sustain, and when new forms would
be too late to mature; the idea being to
induce the plant to throw all its vigor
into the effort to develop the forms al
ready visible. The object, according to
our observation, is rarely attained by
merely removing the growing top of the
plant, but may often be accomplished by
topping or lopping off the growing ends
of the branches, as well as the leader.
In most cases where topping cotton re
sulted in increasing the yield it migi't
have been noticed that tue work was
done rathier early-some time in Judy.
Every one has observed that stalks of i
cotton that were topped by the bite of
the plow-horse early in the season are
often made much more fruitful thereby.
In such cases the effect of the early top
ping was probably to push the branches
of the stalks into more vigorous growth,
causing a more rapid evolution of forms.
On the whole, we have very little faith
in topping cotton as a part of a regular
system.
PULLING FOD)DEn.
The propriety of pulling fodder, i. e.,
whether it does not injure the grain more
than the fodder is worth, to pull the
blades as is usually done, is one of the
quetions that has been long mooted,
but never settled. Experimenters differ
in results and conclusions. Possibly
each is correct in the results of his ex
periment, but wrong in his general con
clusions. The only true condusion is,
that pulling the blades sometimes does,
and sometimes does not. injure the grain
more than the value of the fodder so
eured. It is commonly said, in comn-1
parison with the animal system that the]
blades of corn are the lungs of the plant,
by means of which the plant takes in
nutriment from the air; and as an animal;
will at once die if deprived of its lungs,i
therefore the corn will be injured by re-.
moving the blades-a very singular and]
altogether unwarranted conclusion. If1
it is said that the plant will die if de
prived of its blades-lungs-the similei
would be perfect and the conclusion cor-1
rect. It is a fact in vegetable economyi
that the ieaves or blades of plants con-I
tinue gieen and succulent for a time
after they have ceased to be at all neces-i
sary to the perfection of the fruit or
seed. Familiar illustrations of this law
may be found on every hand. In the
case of the corn plant, under favorable
and natural conditions of soil and sea-.
son, the ear of corn-the fruit of thei
plant-is among the first parts to showi
signs of niiaturity. The tassel and silk i
pecrformu their oien, and are the first to <
fade; ihen the hu.sk or shuck, and the
enclosed train. This succession will bei
noted particularly when corn is growni
on fresh lands or soils abounaing in.
humus. On worn and exhausted soils, -.
or soils deprived of vegetable matter,.
and easily, ini1aenced by drouth, theI
blades often "dry up" before the graini
is fully matured. In such cases it is un
doubtly true that to hasten the stripping
of the~ lades, without reference to the
condition of the er, wouald result in 1
niore or l injury and loss of weight of
grain. Of this every farmer must behi
judge. iBe governed by the condition
ofJ thie ,ar, and not the blades altogether,I
in 'ecidag jaist when to commence pull
ing.I
?ihere is nothing in the way of hay
that is more generally relished by stock
than Ii1cely cured corn blaides; and there
are enl) a very few kinds i clovers and
:aen itare mnore nutritious. OurI
uorse's andl cattle are generally reliable
juidge. ; an~d they turn from the best
fenowIA hayI, and prefer corn fodder.1
ihe Northe rn and Western farmers do
not appreciate the quality ot well cured
corn blades, because under their system
they do not pull the blades as we do,
but cnt dnon sta nrd all and treat the
stalk and blades, after removing the
ears, as so much roughness, or "stover,
fit only to be picked over by cattle, and
the bulk of it trampled under foot into
the manure. With their rich meadows
and mowers they cannot afford the
tedious labors involved and meagre re
turns from the practice of fodder-pulling
as ol lowed by Southern farmers. They
are right, and we are wrong in this mat
ter. If only the labor devoted to pull
ing and housing corn blades in the
South were employed in preparing
*meadows and mowing grass the result
would add millions of dollars to the
value of our farm results. We woul1d
then be encouraged to increase the ,rca
devoted to grass for mowing to any de
sired extent, until our barns would be
filled with plenty for horses, mules,
sheep and cattle, and the sorry sp-etaele
of half-famished animals, shivering in
the cold and rain, and mnoaning for their
stinted and often forgotten allowance of
shucks, would be batished from among
us.
To do this we are not dependent on
the doubtful success or the standard hav
grasses from abroad. We have our ow'n
native-at least thoroughly naturalized
-crab grass, crowfoot, Bermuda, and
several species of paspaluns; besides
several species of millet, Indian cori,
clover, lucern, etc. Of course, if there
is no other resource for hay, and nothing
more profitable for the hands to do, the
fodder should be pulled. A common
field hand, costing say fifty cents a day,
can save one dollar's worth of fodder,
and possibly Dot seriously injure the
corn-a very good operation. The plan
of cutting the stalks down will not
answer in our climate, and without other
resource of better forage.
wHAT MAY BE PL.NTED.
August has sometimes been called a
second spring, in allusion to the fact
that many of the crops planted first in
the earlier months may again be put in,
but chiefly because it is the beginning
of seedtime for all of the grasses and
small grain. Many of the garden vege-l
tables, including turnips, beets, beans,
tomatoes, Irish potatoes, etc., may be'
planted with reasonable prospect of sue
cessful results. It is the main month
for sowing all the roughleaved varietici
of turnips. Success depends-more thun
in the spring-on deep preparation,
liberal manuring with well rotted stable
manure, or quickly soluble fertilizer,
and good seasons. With little effort,
and reasonable weather, most of the
garden vegetables may be had in plenty
until frost. We have several times sue
ceeded well in producing an abundant
supply of tomatoes from plants gro wn
from cutting off the old plants. A cut
ting containing a vigoron's shoot, with a
portion of the older stem attached, will
readily strike root; and if set in a dee p
ly dug soil and shaded for a few days it
will soon come into bearing and continue
until killed by frost.
1:011 TOO3IS'S DEIUI
-He Isoatuded Into the Arena Like a
Ilack-M3aned Nunildian Lion."
(From the Louis-ville Courier-Jourinal.;
The first evidence of the coming power
)f this remarkable man was exhibited at
Willington, a small village in Abbeville
listrict (as the present counties were
ien called), South Carolina. General
Greorge McDuffie, the only representa
ive of Demosthenes in this country
since Pairick Henry, lived near there
McDuffie was harnessed lightning. He
Eorged the chain of logic at a white heat.
Etc was the most nervous, impassioned
mai thrilling tribune of the people of
hat day. He demonstrated the political
problems as Euclid did geometry, while
loaming at the mouth and screaming
ike a painted Creek Indian. He had
narried the only daughter of Dick Sin
gleton, the celebrated millionaire turf
nan and rice planter, and he owned four
.mndred slaves and made eight hundred
>ales of cotton a year. He had been a
nember of Congress, governor of South
Darolina, and was afterwards United
States Senator. The people, before
naking up their minds on any politiclI
luestion, would say "Mr. McDuie is
zoing to speak at Morrow's old lield two
reeks from now, and I will waii till I
iear hisr.," and there they would conme
orty and fifty miles, and camp out the
iight before to hear him, and his speech
w'ould decide the politics of the entire
:cuntry once a year. On this Willing
;on occasion it was said that "the ever-i
asting mouthed B3ob Toombs was~
:oming over to meet him." Four thou
iand people were there when that rash
roung Georgian crossed the Savannah
:o meet the lion in his den, to beard the
D~ouglas in his halls. Toombs rode a
iorse, and it was remarked that his shirt
>osom was stained with tobacco-juice.
Eet he was one of the handsomest men
hat ever had the aeal of genius on his
>row. His head was round as the celes
ial globe. His abundant, straight,
>lack hair hung in profusion o-er hisl
trmple, marble forehead. ise had asl
nany teeth .as a shark, and they were
rhiter than ivory. His eyes were black
is death and bigger than an ox's. His.
tep was as graceful as the wild-cat's,
nud yet he weighed two hundred pounds.
uis presence captiv'ated even the idolt-'
:ors of George McDutile. He bounaded
nto the arena like a black-maned Nu
nidian lion from the unknow;n deserts
>f middle Georgia, to reply to the
)lympian Jupiter of the up-country of
he proud Palmetto State. It was th e
nost memorable coverthrow thatl e
D~ullie ever sustained. Th's was in the
larrison-Van Buren election of N i.
uis argument, his inveetive, h's over'
>earing torrent of irreverent denuncia
:ion, is a tradition in that country even
iow. McDullie said: "I has e heard
rohn Rlandolph, of 1Roanoke, auj. iet
['ristamn Burgess, of Rhode Island, las
his wild Gecorgian is the Mirabeau e:
his age." Axter that South Carulini
tdmitted that Georgia was some iiu
nore than the refuge of Souths Carolio.
:ugitives from justice. This was the be
~inning of Toomib's inmmortal S'outhcr:.
ame.
Since the recent death .of ex-Seuato:
LI. M. T. Hunter, of Virginie, Senato
Ileagan, of Texas, and ex-CGoveinor T.
d. Watts, of Alabama, are the only :ur
-iving members of Mr. Davis's cabinet.
Leagan was postmaster general and
Watts attorney general. At Montgome
-y, Ala., there was a secret -session ci
he cabinet to see whether we shoulo
>ombard Fort Sumter. Toombs wa.
hen secretary of State and was regardte&
ts the most rash, headstrong and violent1
nan in the Confederacy. While in the
the seet pave the.ir opinioius in fzvor
ot bombardment, teMr. TLombs was,
a. . asi cu-'m, paciiig the floor.
W hen it emae hi: turn to exoress his
opiihoi, to the amzement of all lie
vehemcntly opposta the attack, and
made one of the .-iost remarkable
spe0 of. all his i Fe in Opposition to
it. le said it would be the doom of the
Confederaev. Ht aid: "Let Charleston
. Give ip Sumter. Let it be pro
visond. but never explode the volcano
th'at is unde'.r our feet." Ie said it wash
suicide and madn. ad would lose us
mr riend in all the North, and ex
IIt
Libited atll his Lagni ieent powers n
opp.itiol' to the attack. .He said: "Mr
P dnt, will wantonlv strike at
horLse: i that **is tile North fromi
oc'a ot *e", a~d li.oouis~, now quiet,
.,i t.o s*ht" us to death. It
e ts us in the wrong; t
it is ftal." :!d so wit tas. Toombs was
the wise-st and he greatest of all the
stan:men "f the Southern Confederacy.
-; l F.j17iON DAVIS 1EPLIES.
Governor Curtin and the Story of the Pro- e
To the Editor of the New York World: e
My attention has been called to a letter
of ex-Governor Cnrtin, published in the i
Herald of the 12th inst., in regard to an t
alleged cotpliceity on his part with a
purpose to aasinat me during the
war between the States, and also to a i
letter from W'kesbarre, Pa., on the e
same subject publithed in the World of t
the 18th inst. I solicit the use of your 0
colunins to make a brief statement of C
the facts, so far as they are known to me. 'I
Governor Curtin makes two mistakes :
in his letter. First, that I had made h
public accusation against him and that I
had alleged that he was to pay $100,000 t
to a dcsperado for my assassination. All c
this, based on a new.spaper article pur- f
porting to be the report of an "inter
view" hehl with me for publication by
a newspa.per correpondent. Such was n
not the case well-known historian t
proposcd to write my biography, at. i
asked me to give him for that purpo-e
an acecetut (, attempts i made during the h
war to a Limate me. is
I toi hima in ihait connLection, and fIr t
that pan a1 lnonymous lette1 0
of warng, hd been set to Me from
Piladelphia to the etfect that the gcv. Is
ernor of Pnisvivania had relea.sed from n
the C-itentiary a notorious convict ouli
Condition that he woutld go to the South g.
and assasieate me, and i, successinit, he 8
was to receiVe a.- a reward i100,00. it
Though the lt did ue the name of i
Governor Czrtu, I Oritted it in m U-t
statrent of the subtance of the ettCe, ; a
and as the writer did not btate how the' I
money premised was to be raised, 1 did t
iot attere't to suppy the omission. I
Indeed, it was uniie ur portant to me C,
whether it cst- from a secret servie P
lund, from he- pite i are of the go'-|
ernor, o- Vas contr iut-d by oihers who, '
with i~kte zeal, niL'e the iLattle fro, i
afar and cried oXn oc. si
The rnonvmious 1etter acqinredan in-s
portunee it would not otherwise hav a
posneSd .-I the iz- tiat aout thi b
time of its r, ece r, wh o'- i to my
residece- at th ! a f aw a u1' p P
crouc i *- d h 1 .: ie t :'ll o" i -
the p 'of the.kD1 a '-a art-ce aad luoking
in tn towsans te gate a ou hee. In- P
stad o pr eing t the .at I turncd ,.V
and Went --w.r the crouching igure. "
As he wL- ara.* he rose, lied and t
escaped], The I:porance thms given to t
the aunrm:ais letter 1indd me to L
elc-se it to the Uon. V. B. leed, o(f t:
Philalelphia, with i rcouest that L:!tc
would make such inquiry s to him di
might be p~ractica'ble it di.< over theb
writer, and to veriiy or disprove the
statemients.
Governor Curtin's "emphatic contra
aiction" of the accusations against himlP
pertains net to me, but to the writer ot
the letter, who is unknown to me, and rc
for whom I have not vouched.
The avowal of Governor Curtinof
seal to mialiain the governm?enit byI
honorable warfare, antd the denial the
lie "ever re-:rted to such means for thei
aonduect ofthe war." mark a commend
ble approiarion of the obligatiots of b
eivilized war, and it is a pity' tt there L
should be ituythin~g to initerrupt the eur- t?~
cent of hiis s.Y*-laudiation. 'The letter -i
from WVilk-esbarie, already referred to,
lertainit reveals conduct not very dii~er- i hd
ent from that allEged by the nucnihond t
letter-writer. it ticreby appe'ars that.
Governor Cxr da received an application, Id
ipicentlty frota the- Lied States war o 0
epartmienit, for theo release from tL- at
P'ennsylva.nia penitentiary of .a notorious
onvict, that he- n'igt -oe sent over the ex
ines for a pcic~ purl)ow " On this J
sind otier like repse-sentatio.: it appear'
that an order was issu'edt by the govertoa
1or the rceea-e oft'thecnviet. ai not eC
hown tha the govenor knew or te
!houghat - .p to ingaire for what at
spY-cial servic e gnrloI the army "
regui'red. a convietd crimi-al; that the
aut that L.: wa s tobeetpieCd at the
:het mmo "ui "aual have ariseu of
:or .~ - rop'r dnty with the army; can st:
t conviet - lticul.rly <lui.ie.d' In T
:heU-- abter ofI iI'i'orm. oa that point to
i h ael: a-onably Sulpposed of
:h..t the ..,eide - proe" was~ to do an:
e-t wich a --'ierworthy of the nanme ct
udnot perfiorm.- nssa imigh-to
* eule t.r t, n the aptplie ttioL to
or relea-: hv ben ostponed fo'r of
urhe if"ruati' and refused unle-ssu
t'h shold e .,a'h as would juOstiy coua- jsu
i Ic ''-'rin--n" 'th"rt ,-e" within
hec pale of L h, Jable war." ht
.hsEmteG. rmeio ol liekui-d th
Let ,1:.: huli and the U nitead Statec m:
urdamc u a.reatdy belid! to
:bat th fg h-er v ire geiiiena
would iudi : tha '-It was not a i-ur- if
1l4 c acludi, I r.- eea that, in statiaj. u
:L dt uee . th .anonymfrs lett if
-eevd 0m : -- th tt'endiant cir- t
I~: e . Lt.-lsa ii:tnedto accu'- ei'
a. e:,: :\,.e 'vea-:lri; nIeither w:sa
-e ?tema~~ mo- fori. a newspaper- u,
r'e* amad *. u-ion preece'denlt It-r
uath-i iV',tt - a wee iposeLdupon t
ts pb.leui' I-ven- in the p'ropamed jI.
JiiI lsoNx DAXms. -K
-Al mI ma beC inl perfect 1:caihi er
mdi- t rI bI'ie lokiU: w~eli. Terrible to all
e hznd liv
CARTLOADS OF MONEY.
rulE A3OUNT OF sIONEY IN THE
NATIONAL TREASURY.
4omne Startling Figures About the Quanti
ty of MIoney in the United States Treasu
ry-The Public Debt Half Paid.
WASHINGTON, August 7.-Few persons,
>crhaps, who read the frequently pub
ished reports of the fiscal operations of
he government give any consideration
o the vastness and significance of these
'perations. We read of the hundreds
,f millions of gold and silver in the
reasury, but how few persons have any
ntelligent idea of what is embraced in
he nine figures required to describe the
labilfties and assets of the government?
t i. only when the auriferous contents
f the treasury vaults are weighed and
aeasured and placed by the side of arti
les and commodities that are daily
andled by the masses that an intelligent
omprehension can be obtained by the
eople of the financial strength of the
reasury and the great extent of the gov
rnment's fiscal operations.
I find by reference to the latest pub
shed statement of treasury assets and
abilities that among the assets was
281,096,317 in gold and nearly $250,
00,000 in silver, including 34,000,000
f trade dollars and fractional coins.
'aking up this $281,000,000 of gold and
lacing it on scales, I find that the gold
eld by the treasury weighed 519 tons,
ad if packed into ordinary carts, one
)n to each cart, it would make a pro
ession two miles long, allowing twen
,et of space for the movement of e
orse and cart.
The weighing of the silver produces
much more interesting results. Ennning
iis over the scales I find its weight to
e 7,396 tons. Measuring it in carts, as
i the case of the gold, the silver now
eld by the treasury would require the
rvices of 7,396 horses and carts to
ansport it and would make a procession
ver twenty-one miles in length.
The surplus about which so much is
dd in the daily newspapers amounts to
early $47,000,000, an increase of
3,000,000 since July 1. Counted as
ld this surplus would weigh eighty
x and one-half tons. Counted as silver
would weigh'1,385 tons.
Each million of gold adds 3,685 pounds
> the surplus, and each million of silver
ids 58,930 pounds.
Applying cubic measurement to the
'easury gold and silver, and piling the
vo metals on Pennsylvania avenue as
)rdwood is piled before delivery to the
archaser, I find that the gold would
easure tiirty-seven cords and the silver
)2 cords, and that both would extend
om the treasury department- to 41
reet, or from the treasury to the pen
on olice in a straight line, and forming
solid wall eight feet high and four feet
oad.
Extending these calculations and com
risons to the interest-bearing debt,
tually interesting results are obtained.
Le )ublic debt reached the highest
>int in August, 1G5 -just twenty-two
irs ago-when it was $2,381,530,295.
bie general reader will better appreciate
.e vastness of this sum when informed
at it represents 70,156 tons of silver,
lich would make a procession of carts
at would extend from Richmond, Ta.,
a point twelve miles north of Phila
siphia, the distance it would thus cover
~ing 266 miles.
The interest bearing debt is now (not
cluding the Pacific Railroad bonds),
,001,976,850, showing that the sum
dd has been $1,379,553,445, or more
an one-half of the total amount, and
presenting 40,637 tons of silver dollars,
.iicih would extend 154 miles if packed
carts containing one ton each.
Reducing these figures to a basis
aere they may be intellgently comn
ehende~d, and that the rapidity with
aich the government has reduced its
>nded debt may be fully realized by
e general reader, I find that the reduc
)f has been at the average rate di
2,606,965 each year, $5,225,581 each
onthi, .i174,186 each day, $7,258 each
iur, and $120.47 for every minute of
e entire twenty-two years.
Pursuing the calculatioh to the smallest
visible space of time, the bonded debt
the United States has been decreased
the rate of $20.07 every second, or for
cry swing of the pendulum, for the
tire period from August 31, 1865, to
dy 31, 1887.
This is an exhibition of recuperation
.a material progress on the part of the
untry and of sterling honesty and in
grity on the part of the government
dl people that is without parallel in the
>rld's history.
Negroes and~ Sunstroke.
The physicians of the Pennsylvania
spital assert that they have no record
a colored person suffering from sun
*oke being admitted to that institution.
iis is a remarkable fact. It is enough
make white folks envious in this sort
weather.
MIost people would imagine that
lored people were far less apt to be
ercom:e by the heat than their Can
sian brethren, but it is rather strange
learn that, in a hospital where scores
sunsiroke eases are attended, not a
igle case can be found of a black man
ustruck.
In the first surprise at this informa
in one might imagine that a good way
e people to avoid being overcome by
e torrid heat of summer would be to
ike liberal applications of burnt cork
their skins, There is something so
nylec and easy in this suggestion that,
it were not fur appearances, it might
experimented with by the whole pop
Ition! of Philadelphia.
It muight if it were not for the fact that
e records of other cities, particularly
in the South, show that negroes
a suttruck. This is rather bewilder
;. I t is, as one may say, dazing.
d theu conclusion to which it leads is
at Phiiladelphia darkies are peculiarly
rticular in hot weather to avoid hard
>rk and keep out of the sun.-Phila
Iphia News.
[t iiny a iquenion of preference whleth
yo ev yu eyw you die, or