The Manning times. (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, February 16, 1887, Image 1
4V4
I~ "A~ V
-At
MANNNi~AC h~ ( ~ Y~ S C. WEDF~I \YFEBtWA ~V A 141,T
RLOW TO 11A;. 1'A- WO -
Suggestlilon< 1 .1 .k r:
** .e sn-e
It is reu: e t!.n b
farmer has ere
ready uixner wav in' .x eu
of the first things tCoclali
is the preparation of the manure t
used. He bas to u".
largely ankd he iust w pre
the matter cannot b destrome
longler. Whilst a compos wiL
results, prepared only a oma er
better re-uilt
pared tremmsi da c.", Cn
Posts for cotton shot
once, and care taken thtl evvrc l
for proper ferment'to b n
These conditions are proper u
of grdiens, decidd. mo i rca.e .
through the mas-s, and a d com
pactness. A lcostly throw-n, c) pile ,i
manure wid becUm too ;I: ad. Pe
greatly injared. A prope.- f;neitation
brings about sevemi vramae reslut.
First, it reduces or b:-eaks down the
coarser lugeien@ts, as y
or other litter, and ren tiszri
tion of the coMpoUI:t esIe:51 OD O Ir
uniform. Uniforniity f d ait. on b
a matter of tirst importahce. In the
next place it renaers ie isoLb C
materiais active and soll) of to
nitrogen, for instance, o re r_
manure is insoluble; i' i etr m the
form of albumo.s compoxY' s or o
urea (a constituent of urin"', :'nd. na
be changed to ammonia o: rzrie ' A, I
before phnts can approp'iate it. _ i'
danger is that, as !-is am as
formed, it may be driven o l eat an
be lost. This is to be pre; r.ted by
keeping the fermentation witina proper
bounds, as above Po;r u. by
covering the heap with a LIyro rieI
dirt six or eight inches ice. to catch
and absorb any L.acaing w.in)ma.
Another and very 5..tvs m' o-s oi pre
venting loss is using kain.d -. sie uf the
ingredients of the cal .e
lent idea has been tLat and pi:.trw
excellent for that p)urpos. Vt plater
only acts eiiciently where thee i t
enough to dissolve it, and tii not
generally the case in a comp-st neapl.
Kainit is much more soluole t.an pla.
ter, and will iix aamonia under circam
stances where plaster will rot. Kalmt
is decidedly the best ehep a::. avvailable
substauce for the purpose riT 'e a ow.
It has been just stated th" kni;
ought to be one of the ingri t o
compost heap-what trf 1:,e chmi-!
cal or concentrated fer-mzers .mu es
ter into it. ThrLed '1io
in saying that phosph'. ie:e - in so
form, should occa a rn a e ii.
respect. osuberance is ""' e
saliv wanting in old, lon-er ld U.1.
than ohosphoric acid, Lone, p -
tion of which, on 1uch ods, Las givn
more uniforml good results. esies
kainit and 'iospVoric acid, there arC no
other chemical fettilizers nich need
generally enter into com ints; 'x
ceptional cases some others ma
needed; that depenas upon tae Lature
of the more bulky basis _f the compos,
and to this let us turn atteniain. Asa
rule, barn-yard manure As the mai
foundation of comnposts. It coEnis it
tLe excrement aitai urine of Leesz- -:."
cattle mixed with a variable qutantity o.
litter. With the farmer it is an ever
pressing inquiry how he m'ay increase
the quantity and improve ine gualuty of
this most valuable substance. As to the
first (the quantity), the :eady answer ol
Northern and European writers has oeen
by keeping more stvck. But bear in
mind, however, that this answer comes
from regions where grass and grain. are
the leang crops, and where 1arge cities
and a dense population (largely mann
lacturifrg) create a large demnd for'
food, ineindling meat. To a Norti.ern
or Englid1 farm'er the question is, shall
hay and grain be sold direct from _the
farm, or shall they be converteut ito
meat and milk, and cheese and butter,
and these become the objects of sale
He can find sale for either. With a
Southern farmer the cnditioins are some
what different. At present the most of
his land is too poor to grow grass suc
cessfully, and climiatic conditicus render
small grain erops rather uncertain. _TheI
cities about him are small, popula~tion is
sparse, and a small portion of it engaged
in manufactures. Would these surround
ing warrant a general increase in the
number of live stock on th~e farm? That
is-extremelv doubtful. Excet in local
ities where there is an exter de I "range,"
most farmers have, until a recent period,
erred in keeping too much rather than
too little stock. In onc direction there
might be a proitablie increase,,viz.,, i
raising all the horses and mutes taey
need, and possibliy the hogs regreda for
domestic use. Giraduailiy our. farms
might be brought up to the requisite
degree of fertility to produce_ grass and
grain enough for a moderate inerease in
the number of milk cows. There is a
demand for good butter at the South,
and we ought by all means to strive to
work up to the point of supplying it..
But after all, the increase~ suggested
would be small, and would not go) very
far towards increaing the quiantity- o:
manure. How, then, can it be~ donue?
By more carefulLhubanding of ac ann
rial material1 on the farm iespecialy thec
urine of animalis' and. the preentig vi
the leaching of the scliul Ian thero
In this connection the. mnot uret
need of Southern fiaer- is :u oie stl
room for stock. Stalls shol be ar
and roomy, and so arranged tha st ees
will not have to be ialtered, but im' b
free to move about at wai Wh ai
mals are haltered their ur"u Iis i
charged at certain '- ; heear
manure is not unifoml iming.ai.
with it, as it should ,adteaim
will staador iei do'n act u uet
the serious injiur. of c os or0ies
Agamn, large stalls: n ,
manure may accumate a. .o. i
long periods of time without uduis
ing of the bottom of the 't.d! or otae:.
inconvenience. Earge st .is, or lik
reason, admit of the usu of lar e qluni
ties of litter. And tis is one ot om
most available means of increasing tht
quantity of stable manure. On muar'
Southern farms nine-tenths of the uina
of toc is mpraial lt. When no a
v. nmre threi no ab'sorbent:
one to abs it. the rains
a ta 1 k~tn i.u in theend
E pt ir esials, it ui raork
. no hl e u
h:m Ie, aer.Mngd a
nethrth el n,,ot t cln
U! r lI. 1
cowltion canm cme 'e ae
na ..T1. grat ee o 11::r1
ba hoeaing !;i be C-1. 'etl .
r~~ ei icS *w hichL to 'r~ i' ae
::v opr ctd0 mi e in
ardCar. toa t m ue
\t~ii. CI i nor .,1 e (YI
i may servals a baiifor comost
-e. als or icom io it rim, o
he chef ftetincl fthlin ito d,,
s m b ut inzh adt no
aii vr e arls trloni owr
LLL nds .:;( L-3ane the rume from barn
Va~ tol .L' ihnsaaure.
n.1operso c Of bulky, oTeaiC to: ]
air. ,t -%ich is quite iinlimit,:d, and1
which miv serve as a basis for owst
r laves straw etc., decomposd by t, a
>recy of ashes and lime. Ashes my be
1ie(.ak"eC Or ilcmin CMDation1 A%-ih limO, or
di hi a be use ae In toe lust cas
:Ie 1: UaiCt';Of0 the I"1,10i N to dl
:iotnse ant ry ce te laps. Whe
aanure is -k, pd . 'Such a, m ish
he same panpose, bUt i aski in
cr .r mati' rall theo >r,-,tiiziul
i)') pertie: Of * .1 '.Tbey zadd to
hpo .im, Ases, ndgliesao lob
iu.e1 duliarecy t sitced, amry the
-01! in-rdioiit nvtedcld by pluakt. 1i '111
il amount oo f a monia.But and soMe
b:1osthorc acid be addied to such a r
antue, a very complete and perfect
uitnure is produ-ced. Such a mixture,
ben, makes an excellent basis for a
.oiuew s. Aches atn tlme should not be
alxeci direCtl to stable manre; theyI
oet amnui at aftoaet tho e
ubleavces have a gXed mi:re. II
lualiit'cs Ofl'x. hav~e becC',:,e diluted
LZ!d mar.1ked by thvm2 ann ent.d it
WW o~n~nao"they unMy teUM be
Unixed withO stabl~e fIntuCr w.vitn;Ut detr:i
aent. Ten h'ishelst of aslnes to three or
bar Wel packDed two lhors( aso loads t
ught to be prepared some months be-i
ore it enters into the final compost heap.
farmer might begin now, and at all
vailabe opportunities through the year,
:ut)her and haul leaves and put up pens!
f suc ixture& He woul d Oe aston
at the amount which sysrem and i
''ergy would accumluhIte in the course
a vvir. It --hOLid not be put in piks,
ut ii ens four or inve feC Ligh, wd.
vit 1a lyt-er of i Ich d L
-veril inches thick to r mtain lAcistare.
i ter sun a hcap) has bCC Vl moist
ad, rains will be apt to kee , it. .t
onuh afterwards. .Lain will ieach thin
rvers of manure siattered in a yard or
ns thin edges of a spread-out heap, but
iil not leach a mass four feet thiek with 1
traight upright sides.
Now, supposing a farmer has the
evend materials mentioned on han and t
s ready to make his compost -how shall t
e proportion the several ingredients? I
urni fornula, now so extensively
1ed, ;, thirty bushels each of stable
;nure a cotton secd, 100 pounds of
.ed phos. iat nd 200 pounds of kainit.
p ne s sh;own this to 1 a very
'icellent compound for land o average 1
ertility. Cain it and shoulJt it ever be
ared? Suppose one has cottonl set ,
>ut no stable manure. In such ea se ten I
dditional bushels of cotton seed should
ahe the place of the lacking manure; so
hat the formula would be 40 bushls of
otton seed, 400 pounds of acid phos-I
>hate and 200 pounds ot kainit. But it
vould be desirable, to keep up the de
ired dilution of the chemical fertilizers
a the compost, to mix 'with the above
ngredients twenty-five or thirty bushels
f rich earth, or wood mold, or some
hing of the kind. Again, suppiose one
hS stable manure, butt no cotton seed;,
he place of the cotton seed may be,
~aken by cotton meal-say 30J bushels ofI
nanure, :30u pounds of cotton see!d meala
00 pounds of acid phosphate and 203
>ounds of kainit. Suppo)se one's land i
~xtremely poor. Then the quiantity of
~he ctton seed in the compost may be
!oubled, the quantities of other ingredi
nts remianing the same. If one's land
s quite rich, Lalf or even less of the cot
on seed may enter into the compost,
he other constituents remaining the
ame. Suppose one has the mixture o(
eaves and ashes, but no manure or cot
on seed; then the formula should be tGo
ushels of leaf mixture, 40o pounds of
~otton seed mesii, 400) pounds of acid
hosphate and 100 pounds of kainit
ess kainit would be called for in thi
~ase, because the ashes, in leaf mixture,
ould take its pilace. If lime only was
nixed with the leaves, the full qiuantity
I: -ainit should be added.
It is well to build the compost pens i
r near the tiels to which it is to be ap
lied; this will save hauling dluring the
ry busy season of spring. And every
ne ought to provide himself with a
COmp?ost distributor, both for eonomiz
og labor and time and for securing un
ormity of distribution. Various 'oat
.'r's of thiese are now made over th e
ountry, and some of thiemj are simple
ma inexpeniive. A revolving cylinder.
ith iikes11. , in a hopper withl slot in the
U.ttom nd miovable slies to regulit
w idth of slot. constitute the esskntial
ar ts of a spreader, and almost any farm
r can make one for himself.
As spring oats will be sown th~is
noth, attention is called to the mixed
haracter of seed oats sold ir he market.
'a Texa\s rust-proof cats. st year a
oI del sold under ~' were not
ed rust. proof; the 'a late and
e ry ueiinallv. ' ,me was
ta .e an aerient
cha to 1>'y
110 wresn i
iv iug at
-grown
th ofti
from
fully~
iv as
filing
rn +he the It (t of 'leton 1;y
the' t'roigt and ri'' u 1h spring w i-n
:1 Crop is; sowNN lte. Ill 1 -d and bot
tom l.nd may be hw:it. r than poor
1.1- H r:e seen CIueps of CatL
V.on V s : m- i
:AvLaL' weL . ll .o s. I w ofi .L :eO ou co
rX s-:um corn e1,. and if .t iesprn
.1'U S!V 1* ~ I'.:
i 't n Y :.."y anol rt - W1: tit TLs2:
:..us2 -rus i Ion ' o':
Yes, C1.ud up rihto us, 4il
wec 'an to yoiru~ Sie'S 0'Dutch m~l. -
't blowslr itn you m'n- y on C'ar
, g e l it n a e -. 1 a
id. an' rumble ilne tioo ah so
l Iuivs It 1s d rIt .Vn, Laner
nas, dead. for, "is.CC' (thi' tha gCe
V ma oeenol~ hog-blges:
>us et so brady-iu 1i w
such'rt anipirin sense of. wahe s. as
:n th ting. TyI, a1d eat wht
ole leasure it i gt Va tc i
ard. lt may be nly a few Ie er
iaps an humblvlgevillage plot, or a more
>etnscity Jet, buit to ownvi it-to
nav to nuer that t w a hich y'lTou
tv ths apot o . 1a o. ow
ies tad foru apc of0 ods ood
ous nd earth, Si to icquire a e: d
ieerity and irdepe .atence whLich1 isth
nos'. deliciou0s and1, 1roiltable eXpeCrienee
n the world. To step oat upon-zo
igat 1our vor ene:'t tqurel 'In sm
i'ce Of Land, somne little pfrtion o1
arth an fre1i th.at t is all yu'r ow-i
:.(at you alonscss it, tat it has
eewon iy ur onend, v by
oil and Struggle through patient worl
ng-; to know thiat the grass thlat g'rens
t, this spot of earth, you ownl-the
-iolet that blooms above its verdure, the
ines that orn'ment ii. are yours to pos
ess and enjoy gtldd"ig tre, ey, de
ighting te s that the glad s"un i
6il loautif it and thCe n oe lIaven
se:t o i to rt emngs ocluty, anv
his b sa seniet of ideasur, - and e ie
ng Of co:I-utmen tat C1 v
romi no ~ other . metho o.f jyt . 001
& freedomt, andepndene, jy! T'h"e a '.
hIs Yxuis ite an'd elin.1111g Sene o
ossesio my be a(ed thne diht oCf
. home, and herneath heaven, thre is
O JOY So iu. e tas ardt Wel
>rdered home! Beneath the Shade of
our o-tn vno and ig tree, claSpiyge
-our little ones to your heart, w-ith wife.
h loving comMunion, the gloris aind
>ec"e Of* the hioine of God is o1nly above
his hearen o earth! Yes,oung man!g
)wn a laeof ldN. one, h.wever
malis lastopiayi little howins th canj
nh ae coutrin ofw tie hAe'' stIaleg
oe fo has ona. 'i'ce ote good,*
hde earh, a, his ow t o- s, w-k% for
Yre which, et it, an1the State
it, t he renit of tein, and
unandt woen bterd oll ther tinere
hblenss da ad offct whomhoi e-: otee:
im ti me who has nome, forh
ome leads to the obi servance of law,
-nd respect for constiuted but sn
ulcates moral and Christian duties an'
hese to love for your fellowmen anL to
he fear of God! Young man, et alL
>i on, land.-Exc hange.
aimant c ror irc m o
It is pteoniseig to n0me0 how the U
Vo are nt in owurk weie tr
:eC for an entradee. Thoe tai of
nteir vesm to beto e ofthn. wrnt
:itrel waich, ande it wis nude u of
that shey wasre pese the all. aritcray
rnt i the pei fbing h asd is
he goall owr, andc oran ambitonsX
nenlo a diomnbnd alThei enoyies.
u.r have mia guaded of whor Idwrte
ioe, two aro 'wiowhandm tnd nota
sheod byth enjy lfe.h has ben tiin
neuthis ifas ta in ureaelope tutushe
yts rured hom del'OLtrmied~; to tak
oeile by ' ~o storm. Sh'ee has re a
i towneved she has given chotce enter
sowe were aednt oe he ae
or dinners,"" prnucher ouldingu -
t her eiot o we aontte ofthetm. oe
'arity all wtcdamondtws in ut~
aR t Io wastopnt te ball. bt she
decidead no 'ion tha-see ton o
aret he opeig march.'Se was
hell, owad er, ndo woa 2~,,0
~vo th ofedamondse .oCi enjo this
uxury~i seetas nuardtled b four detec
snni istaig a readel ofI troubl
o a hite 1disp1,ly. eIL" canno imagine
mything mor' unc1omfe' otabe ihn to be
nodere th he offurdtavs :frIT an
ntire ofveniin .d hold hertainly toe
s hough were sheingtoe givieged
or~n smt hg wy awake, tonoht
>reat"". rst bernoh tmergptn ,us navc
afe, but I" ao ntwant to) takete
>'eing thm'-e Yr1etr
loAu- decie sesto as create 1n the.
strts atC illo te lastii evein iL'yl a
"adellknngd tedn onpN~ortu lg
:thee coing on the owreot nu 'ry
iryetre, Sbin dSud itn'Ot ''i'le ar
An gentlmn'who sw toue lad cono 11?
rom he hiose and se~ei.ui"g tha yhetwas
T odgett writes t a Western
- r ' t* is ~,posible to d to tie pres
On fA he p tig States crop
t. reanzedA vaine to t 'e peo
.- whor gw it thun the cntton erep is
1 0 ) empo . Europ1e AS the
'hief r eurc the ::or'the rpvce
ud1 * of Vm ii tric'ts of F.rance
fr e tha l a centu. . i still
.I poition or Lose coun
t I it camnot be increaded and
m'ad au.atc to s'u1pply this country
with si1k. It caunot be increased for
reaous coilected v ith tho close occu
o the lanu here, the heavy taxes,
n tembarrassinents and restrictions
on t"e occupie*rs Of th10 soi]; the heavy
r't'ai Ud the abolut need of growing
ia uch o1 sposiblR and the labor
ofv- I- p:r-nl;, etm trear f
In th 'i ' su ra State.s here
he .sit .A~n i olly 1i 1t lren1t. There
ad v ligtdy taxed,
nn ie r, but aimozt abso
lutely '1e o use, because it does not pay
to cui-; te it in competition with the
Th'.j; no urent demand for labor
to pr e food crops and no restriction
wht'er' " on the freedom of the owners
of lId or tEIC occup ers of the farms in
the few ean-s where the occupants are
the ow .: There is no crushing ex
action of taxes or rentals from the peo
pie, an the only necessity is to produce
a crop chegeable directly for money.
Th cu ttoi crop has had a great posi
tion nz Ie money-carning crop of the
outh I it do not return th,, most
nieesw~v of the expenses incurred in
growing it to the small planter or farm
It d'es not pay a dollar for his
inbnr. a1n it rapidly exhausts &1l the
1rtiity ' the soil. It costs largely to
preparo for it, and requires long waiting
to realize what it does yield. Valuable
as it still is to the large planters and on
rich lands, it has ceased to be valuable
to the greater body of the small farniers,
and1 pcily to the eastern States of
t cin -l thesc older States both the
soil end the c -imate especially favor the
growtho silk. Thei nil erry is in
digenus, and it grows frely without
civa'ti Anon. A ny prt o' the cuitry
andlo al clisses of ads will produce it
r'u.elv witliout cost and witiout
p00Iougi0 orother cultiation. The land
being paracticall'y fe of tax's, te ca
pants are free to earn the nost they can
and to use the whole of what they do
earn.
After the nmlberrv trees are suicient
ly grown 't is an easy work to turn them
iil- few jays only, not more
atn ai-ontt-and the crop of the year
' grown a'd gathered, ready for sale.
Te eon eeil no prirecrtion of con
su c or none which involves an:
:cSt. I a iilature is near at
hauidi ti. e can I_ inued"iattely reeled,
+,a-,e rele sikiswrt lvedolrs a:
pound-not mnerely the is or eight cents
a pond hich. th' g in'l cotton brins.
T. coec. whe 'ithered, art worth
'i-hty certs to one dofli a pound; but
they I're not d1,fcult to rccl, ard may be
reeled at sc , as is dlone in Italy. The
.Lil vauue of th silk can then be realzed.
This silk when reeled is the most en
uring and permanently valuablol of all
ibres: as much more valuable for any
defiuite weight tha~n any other as gold is
m1re valable than iron.
There is not the least practical diflical
t in :rdcig sil: in any vilihge or on
any ari. No machiney is nee d,_l, and
not a dollar need be paid for u.v toolK
(.r htixrs. Light feeding fr:m.s may
be madce by ainy man or intelligent boy
of light boards or of branches of trees.
Shelter from storms must be taken to
avoid wetting or chilling the young~
worms. The eggs must be kept in a
cool and dry place until the leaves ap
pear. It is-not proposed to give precise
directions here, but only to assure all
intelligent persons that there is nothing
more required than every such ip-son
can rea 'ily iearn. If a mistake is made
in some l'ecess once, it may be easily1
corrected the next time.
The wrir of this note has had a life
tune experliece in the public service and
ai thoroug'h k nowledge of the cultivation
"nd res~ource: of the country for a long
period, and of the South particularly,
sinuce 101. Then the best realization
from the cotton cr01) was still very im
perfect, because cotton was very little
manufactured. Now manufacturers of
cotton in the South are general and
prspero'us, but to grow cotton is no
longer possible, with protit, on the worn
hands of the esatern States South.
Stil more, the circumstances of the
country are greatly changed, aud an im
mense consumti~ton of raw silk has been
esalihd. The presenit demned takes
500,000 imud p'er month, or il,)0,000
pohnd s .e year, worth 30.000,009.
ibe imp'ort of rae. '-ihk for Na-emaber,
I ,37I.I.If Jud01of this were njot groIen
erit woulad co'-t the metrest tri'le to
thie gr'ower, beyond' their time, andl
wou'Ild be a nei prflit of almo t its full
value. it woud be so much directly
addo ed t<> the national resources, and it
wonuid all c.ome to those who have no
ot:er r'esourc to convert their time into
-A cha:nel has been cut through frora
L.:.e iballenn, Los Angeles county, Cali
temto me''~ ':an, buot further work
vLhichair e d~iy execed Ltrg suti In
dredge wil be set~ to wor' ~ad thei
.il ia uce "s :liingfor the rad.,'which
'a' i"e tadet for .ide iles towards'
- iIri"- llustrao of the 'ower of
music to chr .ri~s g~"iveni in '' Rutlan~d
hous.- ii' otheir eveing. \. young~i man
was pi~ei::g i' gii late at tight _aid
wa eur.1 .ra t:ue v".i: o1 a god-U0UedC'
-Jak 'r"r 'i r ecentric charactr
of Pttsiurg .'., id FidayN taftr
liv'i''im.'i i or over lifty' years
S. hn 006 oeoldtin cau wich
. i n " y.ao- ibr-k of th'
THlE'0 TN (IR)I'.
Une; ut llet foir ('!:.tIlne-. C ' al
Length of Stapvvdc--I'ic i. se'- & Low.
WAsoiN(rTON, 1). C., February -
The report of the cott'n crop of IS*
Shows the average at the date of the cose
Of the picking season, the proprtifn cf
the crop marltz ttl , ihe ti'rt of .
ru ary, the qlId fl! te ::lti
vrice Of seUd A rOluCt, Cm1::IEd
with that 15. ITe elese of tih
picking is reported the same .s 1.t .-.
in the Carolinas and Texas: 'aY
earlier in 31ississipi two later u
Georgia and Louisiana; four in Tennces
see and twenty-one in Arkansas.
The dates are: North Carolina, De
cember 2; South Carolina, November
30; Georgia, December 1; Florida, No
vember 27; Al'aham. Dc-mbier 22;
LMississippi. Decemiber 7; Loul:izana, PC
ember 12; Tex .s, D .c.ber.;.A..n
Fas, De-'I~cbe 2-.; Tnsse.Dcemezir
n. T..... ::turing (d, z crop is
extndig In :sonin- a few; States;
only. In A e the Fc-n was
lengthened by th' inability to p)iek the
heavy harvest .Returns of the propor
tion marketed -d the average to Feb
ruary 1, 18o5, one per cent. At that
date about 5,5-0.003 bales had gone from
the plantatious.
This would indi cate a crop of 6,4G0,
000 bales, a lere trille above the No
vember indications. Of the rate of yield.
the proportion by States is as follows:
North Carolina S7, South Carolina 8S,
Georgia 85, lorida , Alahama 87,
Mississippi S, I iiania . Te--as
Arkansas 81, Tmessee c3. The uality
of the crop isulerior. Raelif ever,
have returis o'f clhlnes and color,
combined Ti the le ntil of S.tapile,
equalled those just received.
'Tie price of seed is low, and complaint
is made of the coimbination of oil m1iers
to reduce prices. elanters will sell at
any prices, sometimes as low as five to
eight cents per bushel. The best plant
ers refuse to sell at ruining rates. The
average in Mississippi and Louisiana is
ten cents, eleven in Arkansas, twelve in
Texas and Tennessec, thirteen in South
Carolina, Georgia Alabama, sixteen
in Florida.
Feeders of cattle and sheep pay the
highest rate. The product is larger than
last Vear in FlorAida, Tennessee, Arkansas
and Texas, and smaller in the other
States. The average result from a care
ful analysis of present returns is an
aggregate less than two per cent. lower
than that of last year.
EXPERIENCE WITIZ A 51L.
1he Miarvelou s Cheapncss of the Food it
Producles.
Mr. George W. Hoiner, a leading
farmer and stock raiser of Augusta coun
y, Va., has furnished the Stauriton Vi
ilcator the following account ei his ex
>eriPLee with a sio.
"Last August I put up a irame build
ng 12 by 12 and 12 feet hih. The
rame is S inches, plankeid up on both
:ides. The space i'etween was tiilcd with
sawdust. I put in a plkuk floor and
overed with plank, with a door in ou
orner at the ground. The building did
ot cost over $20, with an es.timated
apacity of 30 tons. On August 23 green
orn was cut. Not having planted the
orn for the purpose, and only as an ex
periment, I selected the lightest growth
in the corn lield. The corn was cut in
half inch lengths by steam power, and;
uring the tilling of the silo three mn
ramped the cut fodder as tijt as they
:ould pack it. The silo was on- tiled
mIly half full, not fee.ling -ure tht thii
an of house would keep it wel. Tie
op was then covered with one and a
ialf feet dry wheat chaf iand placedloiose
>lanks, closely fitted, covering the en
ire top. Upon the plank was put two
eet of stone. The gable ends were
ailed up and the job was completed at
a cost of about $1 per ton.
"On D)ecember -> I opened the door at
he bottom made for the purpose of get
ing the ensilage out. I found it in
niendid condition, except a few inches'
G-oud the sides and on~ top. 1earing~
here would be some trouble to teach
tock to eat it, some of the ensilauge wa
offered to horses, cows and hogs-all ate
t at once with as munch relish as if it wa
reen clover. After feeding the eni-~
age a few days to cows, they inecasedt
heir flow of milk, besides giving a richer
iuality. The stock, which have been
ed upon ensilage alone except access to
a straw stack, have increased in weight'
nd ma.nifest an increased appetite and
tste for it. It is said that green elover,
ut when in bloom, makes as good en
ilage as green corn. Clover that will
ake one and a half tons of hay will
ake twenty tons of ensilage per acr',
and corn that will make forty to lifty
ushels per acre will make about twenty
ive tons of ensilage.
The following story appears in the
Elichmiond State:
I send you a thrilling and true account
f a ghost which has recently aipeared.
t the Virginia Military Institute. On
he night of the 28th, 'shortly after 12
>clock, as the sentinel was waluking his
onely beat, his attentio'n w a attraetec
hrough the sally port to the front of
he barracks by a slight sounid resem
aing the rusting of leaves by a gnl
wind. Instanltly, !ctween the two lrge
orty-six pouind siege pieces, thetre up
'ca a sohlier dressed in a Co.ferte .
infulormL ad mounted ona lg r
ors. lits swxord was dirav.s, ihr
t;ghtly reined u, andl two wht pu
lated graefiy abu. i 1:a c
sentnel at Iir.,t, ahnos paraled w h
error, had gae utpon the ( hjeet,bu
in an instant, wxhen tih hto re had stated
hrough the sally port into th cort
vara at a round tr ot, cresm iji en
el's beat, making 1n0 aiudib s udti
:hough he was pasig ox er a olid br
aement, the sentinel, true to his mir
arv principle, chiaened wihaln
oiee "Who gosth'e"'h i- i
ct Ieed the challenge, butL passe ouJ
c'nthe 'rear/L of.the 'ac he va
der to obe none o : U.n that of
-xlaation can be give.
tares CatarrhT.ieincrox,
w i~o:N, Februlary .-For t:
1' w i W rs a Clueiunati artist hi
ii here c~tring a letter-box uudi
n that~ .ad ever ippearanc. of a
U!" -in .n more th::n o
ui *ie . g ma i he bee
under ~ p ice pinae and was at la
co I C ')to exibt the contents of th
Tiios box.11tead (If its %eing
dangro.s coitrivaLe it proved to 1
only a si1)e and harmless detectiv
cal era, such as used by amateur ph
tographers, which lie had been ernrryin
aound the cit. for the purpose o: usm
ou the prominent publie men and thei
wve . er1ay he was at the Whit
H 1ih Lis ma.zchii, but W * nc
allowed tO take it b eyond the vestibul
le wa% de.sio ito securing aii instau
laneous phutogt--pf of Mrs. Ckc'elant
at he~r reception.
Ti.mining the artist station. a kin
self at the door of Dr. Sunderland
churci to await the arrival of the Presi
dential carriage, recognizing that thi
woutdl doubtless be his only opportunit
of seeuring a photograph of the Presi
dent's wife in street costume. It 'was no
long until the carriage arrived at th
church door containing the Prcsiden
and Mrs. Cleveland. As the part;
lihtel the artist set the mechanm os
the mysteriLIs box in motion antd it wa
perforing its work. MI-rs. Ck elant
saW the artit and the box. In amomen
sh apprecia.ted the situation. A. quiel
as thought she wreathed her fac- witl
smiles, looking at the young ma a:
the b.x, which he still Ield hah con
cled tundelr his arm, )owed poitely a
if to th:nk him for li:; enterprisi, an(
passed into the church. The Prt siden
also saw the machine and looked dis
pleased. After the sermon had begui
the aitist seated himself in the churcl
gallery and succeeded in getting thre
excellent photographs of Mrs. Clevelant
and the lzesident as they appeared ii
church.
'uwn- ~rs-M~aer, l r ar :n:r r , con
(F:Im I .ac a * :n . e ')
As a striw that shows which wy th<
European war wind b'lows, the pCple o
vilmington are attaehing a great dea.
of inporaince to the unusual activity a1
the Dunont Powder Mills on the Bran.
avwino, a few miles from that city. Th
mils liave never in thir history bee
more busy, and the men are w;orkeL
night and day in so.me parts of the grea
establishruent, which is turnirg ou!
black power such as soLlier: use in wal
bv tie tons. The powde-makcr.s art
iold that 'he orders o- on ian;d .anno1
k(e tilled fAtenuh anld thes inica,
tions of an umnireced et demand for thi
article have s!tre-nthened the curreil
beliei that the D L?,uts aelp
large intitis of explosive tO rance
or Germany, a:.d th at the wr in Ena
rope is comnaig rly i the sprn Th
oflice of the ipaun o Chemical Work.
at Thompson's Point, N. J., is situated
now in WVihniigton, and it can be statei
with positiveness that their mids, ai
which the most destructive explosives ii
the world are manufactured, are as bus3
as the Dun:>nt works.
Thc mills of the latter compaay are
the must famous in the world, and havt
muost alw:ays furnished a large proportiot
of powder to European nations on the
e'v o a war. J.ust before the 'ranco
Prusan v-ar the mills were rni on extrr
tinie, as is tile ease now, andi this wa:
taken then, as now, to be a pretty suir
harbinger of war. The Dupolnts art
very cautious when the newspaper mer
are'around, and they say to all such in
qjuisitive people that they are not::nport
ing harge quantities of powder, but ir
nearly every instance when their mill
have been busiest, and just before at
European struggle, the same reply ha
been made to the press. Tfhey do nol
deny, however, the unusual activity a
the mills, but declare in an indUieren1
sort of way that the powder is bor the
powvder is for theL coal regions. If this
be true there is promise of an extraordi
nary coal supiy and chealp fuel this
spring. K'no wing people at Wilnington,
however, smile -yhien the coal regior
story is told, and declare that it is
mustv old chestnut.
WHER~IE 1$ LL H'L l RMT
A Nine Year Old Geo-crgia Child'Lays Hec
in the Shiade.
The Cumming Clarion is informed by
Mr. S . Trry, who spent last week it
1uford, on the Air Line Railroad, of
case which rivals the celebrated Luit
Hurst. H, in company with a we]
-nown iiter of that p~lace, visited thlL
hotne of a little girl nine years old, an'
wh is rathier utndersize-d. ThLsy ha(
h-ar of the child's powers and diesire(
to put the~m to test. Mr. Terry saw th<
ehl xa one Land on the top of a tabl<
and move arouna the room with it at
tougha ti were a mere plaything. A]
ordiinacild of that age could hardly'
h'-ve moved the table at all. Mr. Terry,
wLo is qute rauscular, then took hole
of a sout stiek, grasping it at each end
thcenhid placed her hands on the stic]
in the middle, and before he knew it the
tik v.a wrenelied out of his grasp.
TLi. ceeaet was triedi a s;econd
ime, Mr. Te rry ex' rting his whoki
trength to hold it, with the same result.
. (door, whi ften'-ed with a button,
v 1. th ' loed and4 a 'erson p' acad out
1-laci hr an1d on the door the buittonl
grdu. move ntil tite door was un
tasteneid. It is said that whelln shem
isarainst the oIpposite side canr
.ea aciking sound resembling the
no.--e mad b- a telegraphi instr inent.
: s .satedl, and caui Ie proven., that
of j. f 1.th -i~l is abl t ouper
I -
-*: h as::halh and is uoi
s .1o .siee brht ut theire can be ma
'.r1o doubt -s to Ler powers.
The .- 82 i (r cetliictes have **em
ab' I~lie C)i ~hdbte-ie ln
SHERMAN AND BLAIR.
e- A Presidential Ticket that is Much Talked
About.
(From the Waphin:on Republican.)
e The presidential ticket makers about
Washington are talking a great deal of
!r Sherman and Blair as the Republican
n candidates for 1888. It is claimed that
Le the two Senators would form a peculiarly
n strong combination en account of the
n variety of causes to which their promi
it nence is due. A leading western Senator,
,e who would not allow his name to be
a used in this connection, for obvious rea
e sons, spoke of the ticket with enthusi
asm in conversation with a reporter.
- "Senator Sherman," said he, "has the
g confidence of the business men in every
g section of the country in a greater de
.r gree than any other man in public life.
e His wise and conservativa policy as See
retary of the Treasury and his soundness
on all the important questions which
have engaged the attention of Congress
in the last twenty years mark him as an
absolutely safe man to put in the White
. House even if he did not possess any
s brilliant qualities of mind. In one par
ticular he is unique. Although a West
s ern man, and of course deeply interested
in the progress of his section and alive
to its peculiar interests, he is as well
t liked by the great financial movers of
e New York and the factory men of Mas
t sachusetts as he is by the farming
F element of the west. You will not find
f that the Senator's name is very generallf
s lauded by the politicians on account of
his personal popularity, for he does not
travel on his "magnetism," so to speak;
but go north, east, south or west and
Ayou will hear people say: "Sherman is a
safe man. The business interests of the
country can rely on him." This, it
seems to me, is the greatest praise that
could be bestowed on a statesman. Per
t sonal magnetism, brilliancy on the
. stump, and solidness with boys are all
i very well in their way, but business
i men think more of sound principles,
a conservatism, and long legislative ex
1 perience. Senator Sherman is one of
the very few statesmen who have not, in
the course of a long public career, gone
wrong on some important question
hence the widespread .confidence he in
spires. He could certainly carry New
York, which is likely to be again the
Pivotal State in 1888 and it is more than
probable that Connecticut, Indiana and
New Jersey would go with him. The
Republican campaign with Senator Sher
man as the standard-bearer would be a
thoroughly aggressive one. The princi
ples of the Republican party have never
needed any defense, and with the Ohio
Senator on the ticket the candidate
would need no defense either. His
record ever since he entered politics is
pure, and there is nothing to hide or
explain. Of course there would neces
sarily be petty campaign lies, but they
would affect the Senator just as the
throwing of pebbles would affect the
Washington monument.
Senator Blair would, I think, make
the strongest kind of a second in this
ticket. In the first place, he is from the
east. Then his strength is of a peculiar
kind which would swell the Republican
vote in doul tful quarters. His earnest
and consistent temperance record would
be worth thousands of votes to the ticket
in New York State alone where, among
temperance people, he is looked upon as
a sort of apostle. No one doubts the'
sincerity of the man or attributes his
profession of temperance principles to a
desire for political gain. He is known
to be opposed to rum on principle, but
he is one of those who believe that the
liunor traflie can be regulated better by
the Republican party than by any third
party organization. He does not see the
expediency of breaking up the grand old
party, which has taken the lead in every
species of progress and reform during
the past thirty years, in order to advance
prohibitory plans of more than doubtful
feasibility. With the conservative tem
perance people his name is a tower of
strengvth, and there are enough there in
the very quarters where their votes are
needed, to swell the Republican vote to
such propor-tions as would clear away all
doubts of success in 1888.
Another great element of strength in
the Senator is the favor with which the
South looks upon his efforts to promote
education in their section. I am not one
of those who think that the South is
going to reain forever "solid." I be
lieve that with a man on our ticket who
would represent some idea that is popu
lar in the South we could gain two or
perhaps three States next time. Vir
gina, you know, is strongly in favor of
the Blair educational bill. It is likely to
go Republican any how in 1888, but
with Senator Blair on the ticket assur
ance would be rendered doubly sure.
The same may be said of Tennessee,
which, in a national contest, is a close
State. West Virginia would likely fall
in line also, since the Bilair bill has more
advocates there proportionately than in
any other State in the Union. So, all
things considered, I think the Republi
cans could not name a stronger ticket
two years hence than Sherman and
Blair.
The Tobacco Tax.
The prospects for the repeal of the tobac
co taix ait the present session of Congress is
anything but cheeringz, A long corres
pondece bectween Messrs. Wise, Ihender
son andt .landlall and Speaker Carlisle has
been givenI to the press. Life is too short
nI our 'pace' 100 vabmble to !Il1 it up) with
th~ic' mtter exclusiv'ely. Briefly the letters
f i te'tergnteen explain why no motion
wais imade to pass the bill under a suspen
'I of the ruiles heL-t Monday. The Wash
nan correspobndence of the Richmond
I-'"!*/ o inrs that ipaper that Speaker Car
J ie had said that if he recized any one
to maI ke the motion it would be Mr. Kelley,
of l'ennsylIvania, a Republican. but the
that the motioni shouild (come tromL a D~em
Ierat. 'Accordiugly, a commait:ee addlressed
a comnin'ication to haim, asking him to
recognizeL a Dememt to mai~kc it motion,
but I e then refused to recognize any one.
ht pur pse.-C'harktte Cuoiddwe.
-Na illow Creek, Cal., a fewv days
o. aMexcanwasriding alon-, onhi
hos ihthe reins tied to his nast and
pyiga harmnonica, when the horse got
rightenied at the noise and commenced
backing, throwing hima o:;, and as he
was u.nable to unfastezn the reins from
his wrist, he was dragged to death.
An exchange spauls of a man with double:
teeth who cnn erack a walnut. Th1a:. is
nothingt. There is a policemann in Boston
who~ has a set of false tel b and lie caun
'crnck a cononut