Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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:404 4f -4 VOL . 1,kIIF S ENS NON A1-1I Turned to a -our- Rton to nd n - Of Its Bi.:ii;:m. EiTeeC. WAsut1(;rox, "Novembler 0.-'xm oh time of John Adams unitheau;is tration of Andrew Jackson, the Cabinet was the stepping-stone tU the PIrIicen cy. Jefferson, Madison, M&too and John Quincy Adatms had been Sercre ries of State. Tau Daren, though he had the portfolio of the SNAI dCiart miL..u-Ving ~ JacsoJ's fira term. steppe~d from the Vice-President's clai: in the Senate clamber to the head of the table in the White House. With a single ex ceaption of Buchanan, no Mni sinee ni Buxen's time has been elected to the Presidency who had lpreviously served in a Cabinet, though Gueeral Grant had been in charge of the War Department tempomrily during Johnson's adminis tration. A number of very aLe men who had served as Cabinet o0jiCers were nominated for the Presidency. Clay, Crawford, Webster, Cass ad Blaine were of this number, and w e all de feated. Indeed, for very many years it has seemed as much of a barrier in the way to the White House to hae been a Cabinet member as to have served in the Senate. No man has ever been chosen President from among the Senators, arda since Lincoln's time no one has either been nominated or elected who had at any previous time in his career served in the Senate. More and more the tenden cv seems to be toward getting as neai! the people as possible in choosing can didates for the executive o~ice. The history of the career of Cabin.t olicers for the last half century seeis to indi cate not only that the onice is almost fatal to an- higher aspirations, but, most remar Nbly, has culminated the political careers of nearly all ihose who have acted as advisers for the President. If the record of those who have been Cabinet officers shows anything, it indi cates that a seat in the Cabinet is the climax of the public life of those who hold it. Not always. but in nearly all cases, this can be shown to be true. The historian, George Bancoft, is the only living representative of an admin istration prior to 1830. Bancroft was an .original member of President Polk's Cabinet, taking the office nearly forty years ago. It was the clina- of an croft's political career, although he afterwards represented the government at one of the European Courts, an honor which he was induced to acce:t mainly because of the opportunity i afforded for historical research. Witi an excep- I tion of one or two of the members oit Mr. Buchanan's Cabinet, who espoused the Confederate side, there are none alive, and oi Mr. Lincoln': original Cabinet only one is left with us. This is General Cameron, who, though in his: 88th year, retains his keenness of intel lect and his accurate power of judging men and events. Ueneral Cameron served in the Senate, it is true, for two terms after he retired from Lincoln's Cabinet, but had been a Senator four teen years before he entered. H e had been a possible candidate for the Presi dency in 1860. Who can tell to-day who composed Andy Johnson's Cabinet? Everts, to be sure, held the office of Attorney-General: for a short time, and Evarts has since served as Secretary of State under Hayes, and doubtless regards a concat enation of events as possible in the' future which will permit him to deliver an inaugural on the cast steps of the capitol two and half years hence. But where are the others? McCullough has been temporary Secretary of the Treasu ry again, but only to fill an emergency that occurred during Arthur's adminis-. tration. Of General Grant's first Cabinet, Washburn, who has since dreamed of being President, cultivates a life of~ elegat leisure in Illinois. Hamilton Fis is living in retirement in New York. George Boutwell is practicing petty law before the Court of Claims and in the Treasury D~epartment, over which he used to preside. Ebenezer I. Hoar is practicing law in Boston. His career in the Cabinet was such that the Senate would not confirm his nomination fo Chief Justice of the Supreme bench. Secor Robeson is a political bankrupt and a petty lawyer in Camden. Colum bus Delano is a farmer in Ohio, Bristow a lawyer in New York, and the only one of them all who has now a place of con sequence and honor is Don Cameron, now a United States Senator, who for a few months was General Grant's Scre-1 tary of War. Belknap was dismissed in Wht shall be said of Hayes's bogus. Cabinet? With the exception of Evarts and Sherman, every one of them has lapsed into obscurity. Even Carl Shurz's whereabouts are unknown. Mc-1 Creery is a justice in one of the Western United States districts. Devens is a State judge in Massachusetts. Key is a United States judge in one of the South eraz districts. Schurz fizzled as a news paper editor, flatted as a mugwump and lecturer, and is b.lieved to be earning an humble living in some railway com pany's employ. Thompson is believed to be earning a living as counsel for Lesseps; little GofI, who succeeded Thompson, is a member of the lower house, and a very imconspicuous one. Of Garield's Cabinet, Mr. Blaine, of course, has a possible future; but poor old Kirkwood is forgotten, except by his neighboring farmers in Iowa, and they are going to send him 1back to Congress. Wayne McVeag~h ispracticing law in Philadlphia; General James is a bank er in New York; Lincoln is a lawyer in Chicago, and W\indom is trying to make a future in New York. He suti'ered ab solute political bankruptey on account of his short career in the Cabinet. Hunt is dead. General Arthur's Cabinet has only one representative now in pulUe life. T'ller was fortunate enough to step from the Interior D~eparttaent into the Senate, bmn with all the supposed influence of th< Navy Department Secretary Chandler three times fails t~o secure election Lited States Sena r. -llow 1ong do Stokers live?" asked a rim uLe r(p)orwvr of an engineer of one of the swiftest oecan racers th:tt plv be twenthis eonury and England. - Ms long as anybody," was the unex ected )replV. o ' like their w(rk.?' IV don t likc their work, they Sut: ter, are 1lnty willing to take their plac's" was tile anwer. But it hard to per1u the average landsman thai 'e Stokr's life is not siortened by constant eq to the extremes of temper" ature. Tiani._Uautic passengelrs; who bare umaved the ilntense heat of tie furnae-s and visited the tire room won ler how m-.en can. endure such a life even for a rovage. The stokers work four h2our3 at a stretel, hemuned in between two long lines of fur'nces that keep the temperature ordinarily at 120 degrees soletiies sendingr it as high as 160. The snace between the furnaces is so narrow that whlen the men throw in coal they must take -c:'re when they swing hac'k their shovels, lest they should burn iheir arms on the furnaces behind them. Tae only means of ventilation is one large air pipe that reaches down into the centre of the stokers' quarters, and on a big steamer the men have to take the air in batches. On a great ocean steam er like the Umbria. the men come on in, gangs of eighteen stokers and twelve coal passers, and the "watch" lasts four hours. The Umbria has 72 furnaces, which require nearly 350 tons of coal a day, at a cost of almost $20,000 per voy age. One hundred and four men are employed to man the furnaces, and they have enough to do. They include the chief engineer, his three assistants, and ninety stokers and coal passers. The stoker comes on to work wearing snly a thin undershirt, light trousers and wooden shoes. On the Umbria each toker tends four furnaces. He first rakes open the furnaces, tosses in the coal, anid then cleans the iire; that is, pries the coal apart with a heavy iron bar, in order that the tire may burn free v. He rushes from one furnace to Lnother, spending perhap's two or three I inutes at each. Then he dashes to the air pipe, takes his turn at cooling off, nd waits for another call to his furnace, which comes speedily. When the -watch" is over, the men shuffic off, ripping with sweat from head to foot, hrough long, cold galleries to the fore astle. where they turn in for eight ours. Four hours of scorching and ight hours' sleep make up the routine f a stoker's life on a voyage. The reporter ran across a group of tokers in West Street, and had a chat with one of them. "I went to sea as a oal passer when I was fourteen years >ld," he said. "Then I got to be a toker, and I am now twenty-eight." he speaker was about six feet in height, .nd weighed 180 pounds or r ore. His race was ruddy with health, and his eyes beamed with good nature. His robust tppearance was in strong contrast to that f some of his mates who had jast land d from a voyage, a pale, streaked out, stless-looking set of men. "How do we stand the work? Well nough if we get plenty to eat. But the I work is terribly hard, all the same. It omes hardest. of course, on those who on't follow it regularly. They are the ellow.s who get played out so badly. I1 eard once of a young English doctor ho came over here on a visit. He got ! >ut of money, and was C'at proud that ! Le wouldn't send home ior some. Soil Ie worked his way back as a stoker, and I ot a sickness that he c..,uld never geti id of. But if we get plenty to eat, andi ake care of ourselves, we are all right. ere's a mate of mine nearly seventy| ears old, who has been a stoker all his ife, and can do as good work as I can. Stokers never have the consumption, and rarely catch cold." "Why do you appear more healthy han the other men here?" asked the re orter. "Well, I have been on land now about wo weeks, and these men lust came off he ship. You see, when we finish our watch at the furnaces, we are just cover d with swcat, dirt and oil, and we have to wash the stuff off with warm water. Washing so much with warm water gives s that streaked out look that makes people think we are being killed with :onsumption. But after we have been on land three or four days that look dis appears, and the men look naturalj again. We get more ventilation than the old timers used to get, but we don't have any too much. I tell you, when I used to go down into the tropics I wanted to keep under the air pipe all I could. Now 1 go to England and back, and'have four furnaces to tend. Fourj hours is just about as much as we cani stand before the fires. It uses some of the men up so badly that when the watch is over they can just crawl io the forecastle, and throw themselves on their bunks without washing a bit. But oth ers of us don't mind it so much. We heat our water, take a wash, and then have a pipe or two before turning in." "What do we eat and drink?" "We have hash, all the oatmeal we want, coffee and other good things." "H~ow about the grog?" "Well, the fact is that the grog was knocked off about eight years ago on the English and American lines. The truth is the men got drnk too much, and grog did them much harm. When I used to take my grog I'd work just like a lion while the effects lasted. I'd throw in coal like a giant and not mind the heat a bit; but when it worked od, as it did in a very few minutes, .1 was that weak that a child could upset me. Take a man dead drnk before the fires, and the heat would sober him off in half an hour or giv'e him a stroke of apople:-:. The French lines still givec their men grog. I have seen big tanks on their ships filled with brandy, runm and wine, all for the stokers. The French are great fellows for thlat. Their men look strong, but I think it must hurt themi. We get grog occasionally nlow whenl we are av~ing a race, and then we 'plav\ it.' .1 remnembe one01 race we had about a year ago with a D~omin our cap~talin was mighty anxious to beat her. So lie sent down grog to 'as, and told us to tire up like mad. Well, we did ntil we-learned that we were ahead. Then we took a rest. Down conws the~ captain with another lot of grog. 'Fire her up, b.oys,' yells lie, and we dlid lire eup lm, m lios muni we were ahea1 again. We kept that up for three days, and gof all the groe we wanted. But tinallv we let her bcat us, as the grog pLayed us out too much. Iut we Jon t often have such fun a; tiat." the stoker a'ded, as ie stroled aboard ship. mFTHEII. "o I i DIL. The Fe! Demmeir' imi of a 12 1;:4n Ei- Fa;er -The E:d of the Varr'eide. Frank H. Walworth has just died at Saratoga, aged thirty-one. The young man desceended from a dis tinguished aucestry. and might liave been very promnent hiimself had it not been for a cloud which overshadowed his life. His mother was a wonderfully beauti ful woman at the time of her marriage. but her hufslq and was a mau of dissolute habits, and was very enie. The coming of the babv "Fra-k" did not work a re formation in the father. At hst a divorce was granted Mrs. Walworth, and she moved from Saratoga to Kentucky. Jn tile course of time the divorced hus Uand, who was no other than Mansfield Tracy Walworth, began to make fame and fortune as a story writer. In 1873 Mrs. Walworth moved back to Saratoga and established a girl's sc!ool. Then her ex-husband began to pester her with notes, making improper proposals. He went farther, caused the poor woman great annoyance. talked against the legit imacy of Frank's birth, and threatened to kill both mother and son. Frank was then nearing manhood. He had looked upon his father as only the tormenter of his mother. and when by accident lie discovered the real bur len which was being heaped upon his mother he grew desperate. He went to New York, where his father lived, sent him a note to call at the Stur evant house and then waited in his room. That was in June, 1873. Just before dark his father's card was ent up. "Show the gentleman up," said the son. The boy returned with tile answer, md Mr. Walwortli walked quickly up to ais son's room, humming a tune as lie lid so. When he was admitted to the om, the young man placed his back I igainst the door, and drawing his pistol, >reserted it at his father's breast. "For Heaven's sake, what do you nean ?" the father cried. "Do you mean :o murder me ? Think of what you are loing" The son shuddered. "I know you are ny father," he said; " but now you must lie." "Die !" shrieked the father. "Have Tou called me here to murder me-your wn father ," "Yes. May God have mercy on your soul, father, but I have none. You have hreatened and insulted my mother." The father sank on his ~knees and ap Jealed for merey and promise.1 to leave hem alone and never interfere with his rife again. " You have lie -7 before and you would ic again-I c,:ot believe you," was the ;on's cold answer. "Father you must die. iay your last prayer.I An instant later there was a flash, an ther, and the father staggered back as f struck by lightning. "My son!" he >reathed, gave a gasp, and as three more Lhots finished the work, the pallor of ieath overspread his features. He had lied at the hands of him to whom he ad given life. The young man gave himself up, and as convicted of murder in the second legree. Ile was sentenced to life iin )risonmenit in Sing Sing, but in 177 as pardoned out. About two years ago ie married Miss Corinne Bramlett, daugh :r of the late Governor Bramlett, of Kntucky, who, with one child survives iin. He was a grandson of the late hancllor Reuben H. Walworth, his naternal grandfather having been Coi >nel John .J. Hardin, of Illinois, who as killed at Buena Vista. WAMTED) IT' lIMELF. I he x nonderful Pop ularitly of niteiaire'd .loe Biron n DGown In, Geo~,ia. (Carp ir. Cleveland Lta.tr.) Senator Joe Brown is as strong in ieorgia as eyer and I notice a Sunday school story going around the press in avhich one of the pupils, on being asked who made the world, replied "God." "And who made God?" was the next :luestion. "Joe Brown," was the reply, aftei a thought. This same state of admiration pre-| ailed in Georgia while Brown was Gov-| ernor of the State. He had been Gov ernor for several terms and it was the, question in the minds of the people!I whether he would accept a renomina tion. The other aspirants for the posi tion were especially anxious to know. if Brown desired to run they knew there was no hope for them, and1 if not, the~ man who got the knowledge of the fact first might gain in the start and win the race. But Btrown is a very ticklish man to handle. His fur is like that of a cat. It doesn't rub wedll the wrong way, and the candidates were afraid to ask him a question. One of them, however, con luded to try to worm it out of Brown's wife, and, as the story goes, called upon Mrs. Brown while the Governor was away. After hemming and hawing about for some time, he finally said: "Mrs. Brown, I understand that the Governor does not intend to rn again, and that he is going to give the other boys a chance. Now, if he wants the otiice, of course we would not run against him, but if he don't, we think he ought to let us know." Mrs. Brown, who is a very charming old lady, and who has some of her hus ~and's ability, replied: "I haven't heard Joseph say as to whether he is going to be a candidate for Governor or not; in deed, lie has not spoken anything about it, but from what .[ know of Joseph I rather think he wants it himaseh." The new county rotary jail at Council Bluffs became locked Monday morning by some disarrangemnent of the machine ~v, and no prsnr could be taken out nor any admitted. A large force of men were at work all day on the machinery, ut the trouble wvas not removed ntil T.uesday morning. It happened to strike Mrs. Watkins ronton, M~o., one day last week that her h usband hadn't been home for three days and nights. She decided that a search ough'lt to be made, and he was found at the bottom of an old shaft at tile base o; Pilot Knoz, rather hungry, but still in opsthat something would turn up. TuiE MIDNIGHT SI . 1.% herv 'e .dG :0, 11-1 tit (ron.! DlA% Ilmi % Cold Fourth ofl.Inly. "I've been across the ocean more times than I care to tell, and I know London almost as well as I do Philadelphia, but I have never bcen in Northern Europe be fore this summer," said ex-Attorney General Brewster to a Philadelphia Times reporter. "I left here on the 12th of June and arived in London on the 21st. I went up to Hull on the 23rd, and on the 24th I joined the ship An gelo, and after a very smooth and pleas ant passage arrived at Christiin sand, in lorway, on the following Suiiday. It's a very interesting old place. I went to church thcre. It's a clean, nice style of Norwegian town. The people are very quiet, nicely behaved. plain and simple. Monday was passed in Christiania, a town of considerable importance. I staved there one day and went by rail up to Throndjem, the old capital of Nor way, which at one time was the largest and wealthiest town in Norway. It had at one timc many monasteries and churches. I was there three days. In Throndjem is the cathedral in all Norway. It was founded in 101G by St. Olaf, and on the ground where he' was buried the present building was erected in 1151 and completed in 1240, and was enlarged in 1300. The cathedral is a very interesting work of gothic archi tecture. It was damaged three or four centuries ago by fire, and in rebuilding it large walls were erected. which changed the architectural appearance of the structure. It is now being restored with very nch pains and care. There was an annual fair being held in Thrond jem while I was there, and it was filled with specimens of farmers and working people. It was held in an open street. It was quite crowded, and everything was orderly and quiet, and all of the people appeared to be comfortable, well dressed, sturdy, vigorous and simple in their ways, and a very honest people. The fair was held for business and friendly intercourse. All the time I was in Nor-ay I saw no dirty poverty, no beggars, no tramps or idle, worthless people. The farms all appeared to be thoroughly taken care of. EverythingI around the house was kept in good or-I der. Farms were in perfect condition, The houses were clean and comfortable anyl small and unpretending. All the women are plain looking but very vigor- I ous, and they are quiet and clean and < mild in their ways. They look as if they < were expostd to hard work, and they ] have a healthy, comfortable, satisfied look. The men had a sturdy, manly look. They look like people whio have no wealth and they appeared to be all on a social level. There seemed to be no distinction between them, but they wear an air of independence. I saw no drunken people there and heard no noisy people. It is a very peaceful place. Throndjem is built of wooden houses, good broad! streets, well paved, and has plenty of good shops. The suu reaches its uppermost point on the 21st of June. I got in Thrond-! jem at 7 o'clock in the morning on the 29th of June. There was no night. It i was broad daylight at midnight. There was scarcely any darkness. The sun shone night and day. The people went'( to bed regularly at an early hour, with I the sun shining, and closed their shut ters and pulled down their curtains and slept, and the town was as quiet as if the night was totally dark. After leaving Throndjem I took a ship named after some ancient Norwegian king, and in company with fifty or sixty other tour ists, all people of respectability and in telligence, and men from diff.erent na tions. There were twventy-two Ameri cans, the rest were natives of France, Spain, Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweeden and England. We went up the! coast to Tromso and then to IHammer- ] fest, the most northern town in the' world. I saw the high mountains and the whlole coast all the way up to thep Nrth cape, the extreme northern point of Europe. I arrived there on the 4th of July. It was a cold, wet day. Tile climate is: harsh, cold and wet, rainy and damp. When it's not raining there is a heavy mist. The North cape is on a point of land at least 1,000 feet above the level of the sea. When I was at the North cape the sun was obscured with clouds. At! 12 o'clock at night the sun was visible for a time. in winter it is dark there nearly all day, as well as all night. I returned by the same towns, but through diferent waterways. The whole of the navigation was protected by land, there fore the sea was mild. We were suir rounded by immense mountains, covered with snow. On my return to Throndjem I went across Norway through a country which was filled with lakes, high moun-, tains and green 'ialleys, cascades and falls, and farms well cared for. It all! had a solitary and bleak appearance. People were 'making the most out of what they had, but their life was evident ly a hard one. The railway stations arc supplied with eating houses that are clean and with abundance of good and wholesome food and fruit and wines at reasonable prices. The traveler is treated honestly. The women attend these eat ing houses generally. They are all quiet women, pleastnt and promlpt." Frenchl Unilwayv .Men .Alarmeid. According to the French press the French railway companies are in alarm. They have long had the monopoly of English tourists making for the .diviera, and in consequence. perhaps, there is no Continental line miore illiberally man aged tdan tha t wich connects Calais; withl the Frenca capital. They have had. too. almost amonopoly of the En glish tratie with MIila via Rtheims and the St. Gothaird, and this has developed uexpectedlyV both 'in goods and passen gers. They are miost annxous to retain both. A couple of days ago the King of th.ed eins arrived at C'alais incogni to, haviing crossed over from D~over in the V ictoria. Tile passage was made, with' an adIverse tide, in 63 minutes. The King's obje1ct was to judge for him selft whe ther bietter boats might not be pt onl the mail service between Ostend and Dover. if this could he done part of the throughl tralic that now takes the route of Laon and Tergnier might be deeted and the Aelgian lines divide it with tihe b-'eneh. Competition is always healy, and thle press is already callingr on the' Gioverinment to pusih forward the work of teien~eing th.p irt of Cal:&i. Sousnt crUna n.1 ?-ouid---mi.:orli . II Other an. The election on the 2nd inst. resulted C in a Democratic triumph in South Caro lina. There was no opposition except in the counties of Berkeley and Chester field, where there was an Independent1 ticket, and in the Seventh Congression 1 0 District, where the contest was between a Col. Wm. Elliott, the Democratic noni- C nee, and Robert Smalls, the negro in- tt eumbent. The Democratic ticket won in Berke-! lv, as also in Chesterfield. Latest re turns assume the election of Col. Elliott over Bob Smalls. T OrHER STATES. Great interest all along cent-red on the t city of New York. where there were three it candidates for mayor. Henry George, b] the well known writer on political ecoti- tl omv, was nominated by the Irving Hall B Denocrats. The Tammany Democrats g nominated Abram S. Hewitt. whose ser- m vices in the campaign of 1876, and for Ny some terms in Congress, have made him ir prominent in the party. The Republi- si cans nominated Theo. R~ooseveit. a weal-' i, thy young man who distiguished him- lo self in his three years' service in the State Legislature by active efforts and great tl success in reforming long-standing abu ses in the Government of New York ai City. Few persons seriously thought L. that Henry George would be elected, but pi that he might receive votes enough to b< make the contest close between other n candidates. It was thought his votes hI would be drawn principally from the N Democrats. Both Democrats and lIe- d( publicans were confident of success. in The probabilities, however appeared to th be in favor of Hewitt's election. Of the of Mugwump papers, the Post has vigorous- w] ly supported Roosevelt. Eighteen out f twenty-four aldermen elected are fr< Democrats. The city complete, with the r exception of one elcetion district, shows the following vote: Roosevelt (0,392. it ewitt 90,296, George 67,699, Wardwell pi, 574. co In other States the chief notable re- wl sults are the changes in the Virginia elegation, which will stand six Repub- fre icans, three Democrats, and one Labor ti man. In the eighteenth district of Illi- ra: nois Iorrison is defeated by Jehu ric Baker, Republican-owing, it is said, to c lorrison's free-trade views. It was at an irst thought that Speaker Carlisle was or lefeated by George H. Thoebe, a wood- be rver and Knight of Labor; but the be ast returns give Carlisle the victory by jr . few hundred majority. Further reports are given in the dis- )e atches published below. ral WASINGToN, November 4 -dlward ftt Nlclerson, Secretary of tie Republican o :ongressional Committee, makes the fp owing compiiation from returns receiven p to 9 o'clock this evening of the political ar :omplexion of the House of Representa-, ives of the Fiftieth Congress: Returns so far as received indicate the h letion of 154 Republicans, 159 Demo -rats, five Labor and Independent, six is oubtful and one vacancy: total, 325. Co The "doubtful arc one in lilinois op Landes), one in Kentucky ( ariisle: one to n Ohio (Campbelib, ard three in Mississippi sai Ciardy,.Glqver and 3!Iansur). The Labor a(d Ind Independents are one in Florida (Pen- fir lietom, one in Indiana (Marsh . one in tot ow:n Anderson), one in Virginia (I iopkins'. So nd one in Wionsin (SmitI. if the de )em.ocrat'- get four of thei doubtful they vill have 1ti, ora majority of the ioust. 3Mr. "McPherson savs the attituile of the L)e:moracV toward thie present a(lniimsra ion i similar to that of the Rlepublicans to- i vard the administration of President HayeS uid that many dissatisfied Democrats vote de be Labor ticket. Labor, he thinks, will I d n organized faction in the pol~iticatl contetts -b ) the futture. aud the labor vote miun be th aken into serious consideration. Phil. Thompson, Secretary of the Demto ratic Committee, says the D)emocrat< will ave a good working majority in thc House. n Ni:w Yoit,~ November 4.-Considerable incertainly attends the election in the Third :ongressional District. Deaceon V. White. epublican, has been cdited with the vie. en oy until to-day. Bill, Democrat, now wi cds Wbhite 19 votes, with two districtr to 0f car fronm.b Coouna, N. 11., Novemtber -.-Thie e ection of 3IeKenny, Democrt., to Cx.n- in ~ress in the First District over I !avne, bi tepulican, is conceded by a plurality of hi bout 150. This is a DiemocraueC gitm of nc en nmember, and equally divides the New di Impshirc delegation 01 I)rAx ni:. S in: l~uaion, November 4.-Thec Seond o ogressional District carried by the lbe.r ubcans-Abbtot teolored) being elected.~ SrAuNroN, Va., November 4.-The 11I >ublican majority continues to grow in the. enth District. Yost, for Congrress. now st laims 2,000 majority. The following is a summary of the latte tr returns, Labor lRepresentattives being count. c,: with tihe Rep'ublicns. In Rhode Islanda thre was no election in the Second Di- to trit, the Pr ohibition candidate polling nouah votestopeeteteDe crt a rRepufblican catnd .dates fromt obtainingaw n aority: al L. Congeress. Gain-a A ba a...-. ..- - -- -- a Arkus-ts .--- -- - -U California. . . . . -- Colorado.......... 1 .. - - Connecticut .. .. . I1 . Delaware.........1 -- - - Florida. . . . . . - .. . -- r Ge orai.......... 1.l .. - lini'i........... 12 -- Indiana............ . a Iowa........ .........S Kansas...........I) 7 Ketcky.. ... v Lo usianai.. .... .. . .. I M a ie.. . . . . . . 0 -I \ rvlanmd... . . ... 1 ehinan .. .. .. ) inn ott. . . . . Misur... . .. 12 2 1 .eb..k............ I .. New I I-mp--hire... ] New .Jersey.. . ... .2 0. N York.........I 20 : Noth Carnolina. . 1 i......--......- ' 15l Oregon.. .. .. .- 1 3 Ihode iilndi... I ennesse.. ..... 2 \ ermont.. . .. . -0 - \ ig- \ini .. . .. . 1 - - 11 ill) 14. l Fall I1onab1iinz. (iron tbe Atant-. Coztitutto,:.) 's it better to break up land before bristmas, or wait until spring ? Mr. avid Dickson, of Hancock county, a onderfully close observer, states as the 'suIlt of hi's experience, that fall plough g gave best results in about one year it of seven. When the winter is dry id cold, fall plowed land grew better ops than spring plowed. 'Mr. Dickson sted the matter by leaving strips noilughl the middle of iall plowed fields, hieh strips v;ere not broken till spring. r Dickson's experienee was a local one; ill it hold good for all climates and soils? he prime object of plowing land is to osen up the soil, to make it friable, so tat gases may penetrate it, aud roots ay grow and ramify and spread through readily. Why does land have to be :oken every year? Once loosened up by LC plow, why does it not stay loose? ecadse it is beaten down and run to -ther by rains. Every rain drop ham ers it down, and the earth, semi-fluid hen wet, yields readily to this hammer g. Moreover, the rain water. as it nks in the soil carries down with it the ier particles tparticularly clay) and dges theni between the coarser particles qlow. This also tends to consolidate e soil. Now at the south our greatest rainfalls e in winter and early spring. Hence ad plowed in the fall has unusual op >rtunities of being compacted again fore planting time. But is this not ore than compensated for by the up- 1 rving loosening effects of freezes? ear the surface it may be, but how sel >m is it that our soils are frozen four i ches in depth ? Plow in autumn that i c soil may be pulverized by the frosts ] winter is frequently urged by northern i iters. In their climate the advice is od. With them the ground is often i >zen eight to twelve inches deep-the i ntle falling snow settles down quietly >on the upturned furrow-does not pelt like the falling rain, hence, land there, I wed in the fall, is almost in the same ndition iheu spring comes as it was I ien freshly plowed. The rain has not mpacted and run it together, and the I ezes have made it, if anything, lighter i an it was left by the plow. Such is I cely the case in our southern expe- i 1nee. In very dry. cold winters, the ; aditions approxinate those at the north t d the results are somewhat similar; but ( linaril- land is none the better for i ing pl6wed in the fall. ' Breaking just fore planting, if the ground is not too t v and one has the team and time to do s is the best plan. An exception may t made in fiavor of sandy soils, these are I her too open and loose immediately T er plowing, and it is well to give time i : them to be settled by rain before t mting a crop on them. t But, it may be asked, if sandy lanas t too loose after they have beenplowed a ty plow them at all? Sometimes r. llow turning is desirable to bury and x with the soil vegetable matter which on the surface. B, inasmuch as de niposition goes on more rapidly in an en soil than in a dense (clay) one, the :ning in of vegetable matter on light idv soils should never be done long in vance of planting a crop. After the 8 A of January would be ample time for ning over sandy soils. Again it is etimes desirable to turn over a soil t ply, to -bring back to, or near, the face fertilizing substances which have ik down in the soil. There is a con ut tendency for such sinking, espe 1v in wet seasons ; and it is greater in I afv than in clay soils. An occasional c p turning of eh former is, therefore, C 3dedly beneficial, provided it does not 4g some objectionable raw subsoil to Ssurface. W. L. J. ~ a . \OMEN AND MONEY. n Many ana old .Mnad lDoes as Much Good as ,1romn the Conte:Mrorary Rev.iew.: Every girl who is not entirely depend t on her male relations-a positioni dic, considering all the ups and downs i life, the sooner she gets out of the . tter-ought by the time she is old i ough to possessS any money to know 1 actly how much she has, where it is este:1 and what it ought yearly tor ing in. By this time also she should e acquiredl some knowledge of busi-t ss-bank business, referring to checks, ridends and so on-and as much oft hinary business as she can. To her ormation of a practical kind never mes amiss, especially to three golden les, which have very rare exceptions: )investment of over jive per cent. is dy safe; trust no one with your money thout security, which ought to be as -ict between the nearest and dearest1 ends as between strangers, and, lastly, ep all your aflairs frem day to day int accurate order as if vou had to die -morrow. The mention f dying sug sts another necessity-as .,oon as you1 e 21 years of age make your will. You 11 not die a day the sooner; you can :er it whenever you like, while the s of mind it will be to vou and the ,uble it may save to those that conic ter ou are'beyond telling. It cannot1 too strongly impressed upon every r who has or expects that not undesir le thing, "a little income of her own,' lat a fortunate responsibility this is L how useful .ihe may make it to oth s. Happier than the lot ot many mar' ad women is that of the "unappropri ed blessing," as I have heard an old aid called, who has her money, less or ore, in her own hands, and can use it she chooses. generously a~s wisely, ithout asking anybody's leave and be accountable for it to no one. But] n she miust have learned from her 1 )ath upward how to use it; she must spare any amount of trouble in the ig of it and she must console herseli r mnc n oely regret-we are but imn'lio s-with the thought that te has been trusted to be a steward of (. Great 3&'uter. Such an Old maidi 1en doe as~ much good in her genera na twenuty married women. ''calf wa ied in Zionville, P'a., one orning. the skin was at tihe tannery by o, was tannedl :tud turned over to a toe-maker that evening, and by the 't mornin"g was made into a pair of >ots which were worn by the man wvho 'ied the cali that had worn the skin ec day befr'e. --Men arc ingt1 paid $& ier day to .uLiate pe~tiions for~ the pardon of the nvxictdl Chicago Anarchists. and they WITH A NEEDLE. Ilow it is Ion.,ible. With Practice. to Foretell Weather Probabilities. From the Rocheter Democrat.) The magnetic needle is quite as sure an indicator of the condition of the sun as storms or telescopic observations. There should be observers throughout the country. They will appear in time. They will find it the most interesting study they ever entered upon. We would advise all to provide themselves with a large magnetic needle. If observ ers do not care to obtain anything elab rate, an old file that is not too heavy, say fourteen inches long, may be em ployed. The cutting portion may be ground off if it can be done convenient ly. The pointed end for attaching to the handle may be broken off up to the point where the cutting portion begins. This file should be thoroughly manet ized and suspended in a box turned on its side, the open side being covered with a glass, although this is not neces ary. A tube of brass or a long wooden box, say twelve or fourteen inches long, - an be fastened on the top of the box aver the centre of motion of the needle ad through this the thread for suspend Eug or balancing the needle should run. Loosely twisted silk is best, as there is ittle torsion. The string is made quite ong to avoid torsion. The point of sus ension should nearly correspond with he middle of the file. The box with the needle inclosed ;hould be placed where it is not subject :o jarring. If an iron rod is placed in a perpendicular position to the right or eft of one of the poles of the needle the ieedle may respond more readily to the mrth currents. The rod of soft iron has olarity, acted upon by the earth cur -ents, and becomes an electric magnet When the earth currents are strong it ttracts the pole of the needle strongly, nd when the-current falls release it. Che rod is not necessary, but its ordina -y attraction is a constant force, so only he changes in the earth currents can hange its attraction. Iron in the vicini y of the needle should not be disturbed, aid iron articles should not be carried tear it. A small glass mirror, say a half nch in diameter, may be cemented upon he centre of the flat needle so motion. uay be detected by the shifting of the mage of a distant object reflected from he mirror to the eye. It will be inter sting to watch the behavior of a heavy Leedle as above described before and luring an advancing storm. Great dis urbance may be seen in the needle for everal days before a storm approaches he place of observation. There will be egular motions of the needles at sun ise, at the time the sun crosses the mag tetic meridian and at sunset. Observa ion will show what are usual and un zual motions if proper precautions are %ken. Until the "habits" of the needle re observed for some time there is dan er of false alarms. CAPTURING TUE CROWD. din Booth Improve on Shaikspeare to the Delight of a Virginia Audience.-_ (From the Buffalo Times.) . Once, during the days of his earl truggles, Booth was ." barn-stormig' own in Virginia, at a place called Lee's Janding. The improvissd theatre was a bacco warehouse, and it was crowded v the planters for miles around. Booth Ld his companions had arranged to take lie weekly steamer, expected to call late t night, and between the acts were busy acking up. The play was "The Mer hant of Venice," and they were just oing on for the trial scene when they eard a whistle and the manager came nning in to say that the steamer had rrived and wouldleave againin ten min .tes. As that was their only chance for week of getting away, they were in a errible quandary. "If we explain matters, said the mana er, " they will think they are being heated and we shall have a free fight. he only thing is for you fellows to get .p some sort of natural-like impromptu nding for the piece and ring down the urtain. G.o right ahead, ladies and gen [men, and take your cue from Ned ere,"' and he hurmed away to get the aggage aboard. Ned, of course, was Bassanio, and he esolved to rely on the ignorance of the rirginians of toedy opl i lrough all right. So when old George luggles, who was doing Shylock, began o sharpen his knife on his boot Booth alked straight up to him and solemnly aid : "You are bound to have the flesh, are "You bet your life !" said Rluggles. " Now, I'll make you one more offer," ontinued Booth : "'In addition to this >ig bag of ducats l'il throw in two kegs f niggerhead terback, a shotgun and wo of the best coon dogs in the State." "I'm blamed if I don't do it !" re ponded Shylock, much to the approba ion of the audience, who were tobacco aisers and coon hunters to a man. "And to show that there's no ill-feel ng." put in Portia, "We'll wind up with Jirginny reel." When they got on board the steamer he captain, who had witnessed the con lusion of the play, remarked : i'rd like to see the whole of that play, entlemen. Ym blamed if I thought hat fellow Shakespeare had so much nap) in him." Fell Eromn tire Great Pyramxid. The accident which recently occurred tt the Pyramias was very shocking. A orporal in the Army Hospital Corps, vho, poor fellow, was just going home, v~ing served his time, had a picnic to le Pyramids with some of his comrades. Ee ascended to the top of the Great Pyra nid, and was seen to pause when about quarter of the way down, and make a signal as if for help. Suddenly he wa seen to slip back against the step or ~lok below him, and then to rebound :rom each successive step. The peculiar v of the accident is that the body did ~t roll or tumb~le from each irregularity, ut bounded into the air as it struck :hese in succe ssiou as if attracted thereto; n fact, a series of parabola were per ored. The corpse when it reached :he 1base was a shapeless miass.-Londoni Daily News. A brakeman on the Delaware and Hud son 5aluted an excursion party with the warning, "Gents, take partners for the tuunel." The government pay., i nt s7,000 ia