The herald and news. (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, September 09, 1919, Page TWO, Image 2
TEXT OF WILSON'S SPEECH
ADVOCATING PEACE TREATY
Columbus, Ohio, September 4.?
Following is the text of President
Wilson's address here today:
Mr. Chairman, Governor Campbell
and My Fellow Citizens:
(Applause).
It is with very pronounced pleas
ure that I find myself face to fac
with you. I have for a long time
chafed at the confinement of Wash
ington. I have for a long time wish
ed to fulfill the purpose with whic!
my heart was full when I returnee
to our beloved country, namely, tc
go out and report to my fellow coun
trymen concerning those affairs oi
the world which now need to be set
The only people I owe any reporl
to are you and the other citizens oi
the United States and it has become
that I should report to you. Aftei
all the various angles at which you
have heard the treaty held up, perhaps
you would like to know what
is in the treaty. I find it very difficult
in reading some of the speeches
that I have read to form any conception
of that great document.
< It is a document unique in the his
tory ot the world for many reasons,
and I think I can not do a better
service or the peace of the world a
better service than by pointing out to
you just what this treaty contains
. and what it seeks to do.
Seeks to Punish Great Wrong.
In the first place, my fallow citizens,
it seeks to punish one of the
greatest wrongs which Germany
sought to do the world and to civili ra'Hrty%
anH there mierht to be no weak
purpose with regavd to the application
of the punishment. She attempted
an* intolerable thing, and she
v must be made to pay for the attempt.
> The terms of the treaty are severe,
Jt>ut they are not unjust. I can
testify that the men associated with
me at the peace conference in Paris
had it in their hearts to do justice
and not wrong, but they knew peri..
haps with a more vivid sense of what
had happened than we could possibly
know on this side of the water, the
many solemn covenants which Germany
had disregarded, the lortg prep
. aration she had made to overwhelm
her neighbors, the utter disregard
which she had shown for human
rights, for the rights of women and
children and those who were helpless.
They had seen their lands devasted
by an enemy that devoted
itself, not only to thfe effort of victory,
but to the effort of terror, seeking
to terrify the people whom they
fought, and I wish to testify that
they exercised restraint in the terms
^ of this treaty. They did not wish to
overwhelm any great nation and they
? ? _
had no purpose in overwneimmg tne
German people, but they did think
that it ought to be burned into the
consciousness of men forever that no
people ought to permit its government
to do what the German goverment.
did.
"In the last analysis, my fellow
countrymen, as we in America
would be the first to claim a people
{ are responsible for the acts of their
government, if their government purposes
things that are wrong, they
ought to take measures and see to
it that that purpose is not executed.
Germany was self-governed. Hei
rulers had not concealed the pur
XT l > ^ J u,,+
poses mm Ultsy uau ill nunu, uuu mcj
V had deceived their people as to the
character of the methods they were
going to use and I believe from what
I can learn that there is a nawakened
consciousness in Germany itself of
the deep iniquity of the thing that
was attempted.
War Great Crime Austrian* Admit
When the Austrian delegates came
before the peace conference, they, in
so many words, spoke of the origination
of the, war as a crime and admitr
i /
ted in our oresence that it was a
thing intolerable to contemplate.
They knew in their hearts that it
had done them the deepest conceivable
wrong; that it had put their people
and the people of Germany at the
judgment seat of mankind and
throughout this treaty every tern:
that was applied to Germany was
meant not to humiliate Germany but
to rectify the wrong that she had
done. And if you will look even into
the severe terms of reparation,
for there was no indemnity?no indemnity
of any sort was claimed?
merely reparation, merely paying foi
the destruction done, merely making
good the losses, so far as the losses
could be made good which she had
unjustly inflicted, not upon the gov
^av +V>o ronaratiAri i<5 nni
rniiiiciito xvi i v^wvxw*vaV44 ?v.
to eo to the governments?but upor
the people whose rights she had trodLuke
Rielly Says, "The Rat Died Bej
for Reaching the River."
"Since moving near the river twc
years ago. we've always used RATSNAP.
Watched a vicious water rat.
nibbling at RAT-SNAP outside th
house. About 15 minutes later hs
off for the water, lo cool h.:s
ud ning stomzch, out iie died fceiort
-each,. :r it." Three s:zes. 25c, 50c.
$1.00. Sold and guaranteed bv Gilder
and "Weeks Co.
i
den upon with absolutely no sense o
anything that even resembled pity
There is no indemnity in this treaty
but there is reparation and even ii
; the terms of reparation a method i
devised by .which the reparation sha]
1 be adjusted to Germany's ability t
pay it.
i T iffnn i t ?nmp nf tVi
I X CLLXl ctOVVIllCUV'U V* W MVAMV -W ? %r*?
| statements I see made about thi
-' treaty and the truth is that they ar
* | made by persons who have not rea
- [ the treaty or who, if they have rea
-1 it, have not comprehended its mean
1 ing.
1 There is a method of adiustmen
) in the treaty by which the reparatio
* shall not be pressed to the utmos
^ point that she can pay, which is jus1
" j which is righteous. It would be in
I tolerable if there had been anythin,
; [ else, for my fellow citizens. Thi
[ treaty is not meant merely to en
! this singular war, it is meant as ;
notice to every government who, ii
I ' J-l- _ *?j *11 _ 2.A i. xLZ _
' j me iuiure, win attempt lxiis uiing
' i that mankind will unite to inflict th
' same punishment.
Treaty to Prevent Similar War.
There is no national triump]
sought to be recorded in this treaty
There is no glory sought for any par
ticular nation. The thought of th<
| statements collected around that ta
ble was of their people, of the suffer
ings that they had gone through, o|
I the losses they had incurred, tha"
I great throbbing heart which was s<
depressed, so forlorn, so sad in even
memory that it had had of the fiv<
tragical years, my fellow country
men. Let us never forget the pur
pose, the high purpose, the disinter
ested purpose, with which Americs
j lent its strength, not for its owr
(glory, but the advance of mankind.
| And, as I said, this treaty was no1
merely to end this war; it was in
tended to prevent any similar war.
I wonder if some of the opponents
of the league of nations have forgotten
the promises we made' our people
before we went to that peace ta
I ble? We had taken by processes oi
j law the flower of our youth froir
! every countryside, from every house;
hold, and we told those mothers anci
jfkthers and sisters and wives anci
[sweethearts that we were taking
j those men to fight a war which woulc
1 ? j i : ^
I ena uusuiess ux uiai aun, <auu u wc
; do not end it, if we do not do the
best that human concert of actior
can do to end it, we are, of all men
I the most unfaithful to the loving
hearts who suffered in this war; th<
I most unfaithful to those households
I bowed in grief, yet lifted with th<
i feeling that the lad laid down hii
life for a great thing, among othei
; things in order that other lads migh
not have to do the same thing.
{ That is what the league of nation:
is for, to end this war justly, and i
I is not merely to serve notice on gov
' ernments which would contemplate
jthe same things which Germany con
itemplated, that they will do it a
: their peril, but also concerting th<
- - - 1*1 *1
combination of power 01 wnicn wii
| prove to them that they will do it a
j their peril. It is itjle to say the worh
i will combine against you because i
| may not, but it is persuasive to sa:
the world is combined against yoi
jand will remain combined agains
; any who attempt the same thing
;that you attempted.
The league of nations is the onl;
! thing that can prevent the recurrenci
' - ' X 1_ - ? J ?ATI/}
; UI CI11?> lueauiui cawiaiiujiiic auu 1.1
! deem our promises. And the charac
! ter of the league is based upon tfr
f j experience of this very war.
11 "I did not meet a single publi
' I man who did not admit these things
j that Germany would not have gon
! into this war if she had though
' J Great Britian was goin<* into it an<
jthat she most certainly T.-ould neve
i have gone into this war if she ha<
:' dreamed America was going into it
: 1 and they have all admitted that i
i .1 i J i _ i j_
1 notice Deiorenana mat me greaies
' i powers of the world would combim
' to prevent this* sort of things i
would have prevented it absolutely
Passions of World Are Not Dead.
' i When gentlemen tell you, there
' i fore, that the league of nations i
1 j intended for some other purpose thai
^ | this, merely reply to them, "If we d<
L! not do this thing we have neglectei
' i the central covenant that we mad
I
': to our people, "and there will be m
' | statesman of any country who cai
' j thereafter promise his people an;
'' alleviation from the perils of war.
The passions of this world are no
dead: thte rivalries of this world hav
|not cooled; they have been renderei
hotter than ever. The harness tha
I is to unite nations is more necessar;
' now than it ever was before, and un
" j less there is this sureness of combin
'! ed action before wrong is attempted
II wrong will be attempted as soon a
the most ambitious nations can re
. cover from the financial stress o
this war.
? 'Xo"-' look, v-h'it is in the trea
' ty. a his lie.uy is unique in th
"Tiic'cwv i;f mm n!n<4 list* 'f'np < *'?">
. ter of it is the redentption of wea'
> nations. There n>v ?r wuk .. _r- c
of rations that e -> - .J *.h*
' ; ; ; A ' -iC. : V
fovcc ihi'\r rights. rl a .*r;> li-vc; v-a
f a congress of nations before that did |
" not seek to affect some balance of
r I
' power brought about by moans of
serving the strength and interest of
[] the strongest powers concerned,
0 whereas this treaty builds up nations
that never could have won their free
e dom in any other way. It builds
3 them up by gift, by largeness, not by
obligation; builds them up because
^ of the conviction of the men who
^ .wrote the treaty that the rights of
people transcend the rights of governments,
because of the conviction
of the men who wrote that treaty
that the fertile source of war is
XI
^ wrong; that the Austro-Hungarian
_ empire, for example, was held to'
gether by military force, and consisl"
ted of peoples who did not want to
^ live together; who did not have the
S ? < J.: l-j j 1 _ 1,
^ : spirit 01 nationality as lowarus eacn
| other; who were chafing under the
! hands that held them. Hungaryl,
" | though a willing partner of Austria,
" i was willing to be her partner because
| she could share Austria's strength
ifor accomplishing her own ambitions
and her own ambitions were to hold
k ! under the Jugo-Slavic peoples that
r i
j lie to the south of her.
Stresses Right* of Small Nation*.
a
Bohemia, an unhappy partner?
a partner by duress, flowing in all
. her veins the strongest national imJ
; pulse that was to be found anywhere
'in Europe and north of that pitiful
ft orront na+.irvn dividpd vm
[ among the great powers of Europe,
'; torn, assunder?kinship disregarded,
| natural- ties treated with contempt
iand an obligatory division among
^ j sovereigns imposed upon her, a part
^ i of her given to Russia, a part of her
given to Germany, and great bodies
k! of Polish people never permitted to
have the norm&l intercourse with
j their kinsmen for fear that that fine
,. instinct of the heart should assert
itself which binds families together.
i Poland could never have won
. j
her independence. Bohemia nev
. er could have broken away
" from the Austro-Hungarian comI
bination. The Slavic peoples to
the South, running down into
I the great Balkan peninsula, had a.'
gain as often tried to assert their
| nationality and their independence,
t and had as often been crushed, not
by the immediate power they were
j I fighting, but by the combined power
! of Europe. The old alliances, the old
\ balances of power, were meant to see
[ I to it that no little nation asserted its
, ! rights to the disturbance of the peace
i of Europe, and every time an asserI
tion of rights was attempted they
i were suppressed by combined infiu11
ence and force, and this treaty tears
j away all that >and says these people
31 have a right to give their own lives
k j under the governments which they
_ j themselves choose to set up. That is
a! the American principle, and I was
_ j glad to fight for it and when strategic
k | considerations were urged, I said?
; j not I alone?but it was a matter of
j! common council that strategic cont
j siderations were not in our thoughtj
j that we are not arranging for future
11 wars, but were giving people what
^ belonged to them.
1 Claims bf Italy on Adriatic
t My fellow citizens, I do not think
s there is any man alive who has a
more tender sympathy for the great
y | people of Italy than I have, and a
e very stern duty was presented to us
- | when we had to consider some of the
- claims of Italy on the Adriatic bee
j cause strategically from the point of
iview of future wars Italy needed a
c ' military foot-hold on the other side
of the Adriatic, but her people did
e not live there except in little spots,
t. It was a Slavic people, and I had to
& say to my Italian friends but everyr
[ where else in this treaty we have
i 1 given territory to the people who
: lived on it, and I do not think that it
a ! is for the advantage of Italy, and I
* i* i x .. *
t i am sure it is not lor ine auvantage
e i of the world to give Italy territory
11 where other people live. I felt the
I force of the argument for what they
i wanted, and it was the old argument
. | that had always prevailed, namely,
s ' that they needed it from a military
[i point of view, and I have no doubt
0 j that if there is no league of nations,
1 | they will need it from a military
e ; point of view, but if there is a league
o U thjy will not need it from
n j a military point of view. If there
y ! is no league of nations, the military
j point of view will prevail in every int
i stance, and peace will be brought
e into contempt, but if there is a
^ league of nations, Italy need not fear
t the fact that the shores on the other
y side of the Adriatic tower above her
_ lower sandy shores on the side of the
_ sea because there will be no threat[t
ening guns there, .and the nations of
s the world will have considered not
_; merely to see that the Slavic peoples
- V>m-.-q thaiv -rio-lifc Vint triwi flip ItJiliftn
'people have their rights as well. I
would rather have everybody on my
l- :side than be armed to the teeth, and
. every settlement that -s right, every
> settlement thai *3 based upon the
s for nciples i have hided to is szf6
- ' J '' ; ; 0 f
j mo be co;i. :nued.)
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! THE NATIONA
B. C MATTHEWS,
President,
! State, Coun
75>f 7
Maimer
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IN CKJ
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iVANIZED STEEL BUILI
HAN WOOD.
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WITH CORN AND OATS
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100 TO 3,000 BUSHELS (
MATTF
Newberry, S. C.
1844
nsed State
OF
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erry/ South Care
to the Comptroller of the 1
i at the Close of Busiiu
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$1,020,518.48 ' Capital Stock . .
Surplus and Undivided
207,210.00 Circulation . .
Deposits . . .
100,000.00 Dividends unpaid .
BiHs Payable (securei
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126,697.79
Bills -Payable and Ret
$1,454,426.27
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L BANK OF NEWf
T. K. JOHNSTONE.
Cashier.
ty and City
Federal. Reserve Sy
inized
IBS!
Proof With
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? FEEDING
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CAPACITY j
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Newberry
Jina
Currency
jss June 30, 1919
[abilities
.... $ 100,900.00
Profits . . 28,294.10
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liscounts . 262,196.84
$1,454,426.27
? :
IERRY, S. C.
W.W.CROMER |
Assistant Cashier. t
Depository !
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