The herald and news. (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, January 24, 1919, Page SEVEN, Image 7
(JOY. COOPER TAKES STAND
FOR CONSTRUCTIVE WORK
< Coin rued From P are One.)
law so as to require the attendance at
school of all children between the ages I
of eight and 14 years during the mini- j
mum school term. This age limit j
should be raised to 16 years within the j
near future. It is useless, however,!
to provide for a mniimum school term I
and a compulsofy attendance law i
without adequate provision for en- j
forcement. It must be made the duty
of someone in each county to see that
the compulsory attendance provision
is enforced. It isn't necessary for me
to urge the importance of school at- J
tendance. A parent, or other person (
having the custody and control of j
children who neglects or refuses to j
give tcf^such children the educational j
aHvantaircc nfForod hv thp Stfltp is Tint '
VMVAV^
exercising parental authority, but de- (
nying to the children who are to con- J
stitute the future citizenship of this j
State that light and knowledge which |
is essentially necessary for the future I
> well being of the State, as well as the j
best interest of the child. Militaryj
training was compulsory in time ofj
war. If you would avoid conditions j
laoil tn mar m0V0 cphnnl attonH. '
tuav AV/UU bV ?U1 f IIIOUV WVAAWA vvvvvMvk
ance compulsory in time of peace. The
Confederate government from 1861
laid its hand upon the 16 year old boy, j
and compelled him to put on a gray'
uniform shoulder his musket and fight;
for Southern independence. Was not j
this interference with parental au-i
thority? A public necessity existed,!
and parental authority yielded to the *
superior right of the State. But it is
useless to enact and enforce a compulsory
attendance law unless adequate
facilities are provided.
Teachers Poorly Paid.
T* 4o nnf onffipionf that wo nrnvi^A a !
seven months' minimum term. We
need, and must have a better organization
of our entire educational system.)
We must have the' best talent inj
charge of our educational work. Now,
gentlemen, I promised you in the outset
that I would deal with you in per-.
** ? J T# Wltr 1?ArtATVI. I
ItJCl CctllUUI* XI juu auupt uij iwvui- ^
mendations as to our educational pro-'
gram it means the expenditure of '
more money for the education of the
youth of our State than has been heretofore
expended. We can not hope to
have the best talent in our schools
with the present scale of salaries for
school officers, and the present standard
of pay for teachers. The question
may be asked, can we afford to make
the necessary investment in our educational
institutions? I use the word
"investment" advisedly, because mon-.
ey properly expended in the development
of an educational system suited
to our needs will Drove a splendid in- j
vestment.
The South Carolina Council of Defense
recently issued a pamphlet |
-which should be read by every tax;
payer in South Carolina. Its title is.
"Does it Pay?" Prom this pamphlet j
I quote the following: j
"You prosper just in proportion to
fc the prosperity of the average man;
with whom you are brought into bus-|
iness contact. If the masses of the
people are poor and ignorant, every
individual, every interest, every in- i
!
. dustry in the community will feel and,
register the pulling down power of
their backwardness as inevitably as
the thermometer records the tempera-j
ture of the air. The merchant will!
have poorer trade, the doctor and lawyer
smaller fees, the railroad diminished
traffic, the banks smaller deposits,
the preacher and teacher smaller
salaries, and so on. Every man who
through ignorance, lack of training, or
by reason of any other hindering
cause, is producing or earning oniyi
half as much as he ought, by his inefficiency
is making everybody else in!
the community poorer." ,
Cheaper to Educate. ]
An educational system that is inadequate
is burdensome to the tax-,
payer, because he gets a poor return
f/NT. mnnpv exnended. but an ad
equate provision is the best investment
the State or individual can make.
In considering this part of our work,
I most earnestly urge upon you provision
for teaching agriculture, home
k economics, vocational and industrial {
training, etc., as a part of our school
work. In other words, our education
should prepare our children to do
best the thing they must do. A great
deal has been said recently about illiteracy
in our State. The statement
Koe Wn maHo and we can not deny
it, that South Carolina in the percent-,
age of illiteracy stands near the bot-.
torn of the list of all the States. Sure- j
ly no South Carolinian with a pride J
in the past history and the traditions
of his State, and with a proper appreciation
of the opportunities and
promises of the future can be satisfied
with this state of affairs. We have
established an illiteracy commission,
and I urge upon you a proper support j
of its work. Let us resolve here and ,
now that we will make war on illit-j
eracy and ignorance unui men lui^o
have been completely defeated, and:
the State of South Carolina shall take
her place in the front rank of the.
States of the Union. The governor of j
North Carolina is reported to have
said on one occasion, "I thank God for
South Carolina, because she keeps
North Carolina from being at the foot
oi an the States in illiteracy." Should
the governor of the Old North State
refer to this matter again may he be
able to say, "I thank God for South
Carolina, because in the support of
educational institutions, and in the
comprehensiveness and effectiveness
of her educational work she furnishes
inspiration to North Carolina for
greater and nobler achievements."
Urges Central Boards.
. This plan contemplates and necessitate
a liberal support of our institutions
for higher education. It is
from these institutions that we must
expect the talent to carry on the work
in our primary schools. I believe the
legislature at this time should take
proper steps looking to the coordination
of the government of our colleges
and universities. I believe a more
satisfactory and effective administration
on our educational work would result
if we had one educational board,
or commission for all our colleges instead
of a separate board of trustees
tor tne government 01 eacn msuiuucn.
If you should see fit to adopt, as I hope
you will, the plan which I will suggest
with reference to the tax department,
this recommendation for the government
of our higher institutions of
learning will be in absolute harmony
with the plan for the administration
of the fiscal affairs of the State. I
think also that the same rule can be
made to apply with equal advantage to
all State maintained institutions and
activities. One board for penal and
charitable institutions and another
board for our educational institutions
would, in my opinion, be conducive to
economy and efficiency. For a number
of years we have had in connection
with our State institutions for higher
education a free scholarship system.
I have not hesitated when a candidate
ior orace 10 cruicise mm syotgm, auu
I do not hesitate now to recommend
to you the abolition of all scholarships
and the substitution of a scholarship
loan fund. This fund could be administered
by the sinking fund commission
or some other department of the
State, as you may see proper to provide.
Under the present scholarship
law its benefits are awarded on competitive
examination. The person
making the highest mark is entitled
to the scholarship, provided, of course,
that certain conditions as to financial
ability, etc., are shown to exist. It
favors the person who has already had
superior advantages. Its benefits are
limited to the favored few. Under
the scholarship loan fund all of our
institutions of higher education would
be open to every boy and girl who
could stand the necessary entrance
examination and who could ba accommodated
by the institution.
I
Larger Plants Necessary.
It may be necessary, ana 1 nope 11
will the enlargemnt of our plants in order
to accommodate the increasing demands.
The student who obtains a
loan from this fund should be required
to repay the same without interest
in four annual installments; the
first payment to be due in two years
after graduation. This would insure
repayment of the entire loan in ten
years, or to be more accurate, each
loan granted would be repaid within
six years from the date granted. In
the 29th annual report of the board of
trustees of Clemson College, pages 1314,
I find the following language:
"If it is to be admitted that a tech:
nical education adds to a young man's
earning power- (and surely such an education
represents a-capital ol at least
$20,000), then any young man should
' a - 1 4U
De Willing 10 accept a iUiiu raiucr mail
a gift of $400 to help him obtain it.
The history of such loans elsewhere is
that they are eagerly sought by the
really needy and invariably paid."
The board of visitors of Clemson
College for the year 1918 called attention
to the fact that since the in
auguration of the scholarship system
Clemson College has expended for this
purpose alone $220,000. Other colleges
doubtless have expended proportionate
amounts. If the money thus expended
for the past ten years had been lent
to worthy students we would have on
hand today a loan fund of not less
than $400,000, and it would not be
necessary to make any other appropriation
for this purpose. It may be!
wise for the State, in order to promote
the efficiency of the organized militia,;
to offer a limited number of military
scholarships in consideration of a special
service*4o be rendered where no
?3 nnmnancofinn ic nrnviri prl
dutjijuacc ,
But the scholarship should be contin-1
gent on such service.
Calls for Health Survey.
Ahother question which I feel I
must call to your attention is that of
the public health. I believe the State
board of health should be authorized 1
and directed to make a health survey I
of the entire State by the school dis-'
tricts. It is important that sanitary j
conditions as they exist in the various j
sections of the State should be known, i
and wherever necessary proper steps
taken to remedy conditions. I have
heard it stated that the health laws
of South Carolina are equal to the j
best in the Union. This is gratifying,
but it is certainly true that a great
deal is yet to be done before our people
are properly protected against the
ravages of disease and unnecessary
mortality. Your State health office
will tell you that we have a grea
many deaths among infants and youn:
i
mothers, because of a lack of a fcv
simple and necessary precautions. In
formation which has come to us. inri
dent to the mobilization of our troop:
in the recent world war. has discloset
a physical condition among the adul
population, both men and women
which can not be ignored and snouK
not be neglected. Our people, if w<
are adequately to safeguard the fu
ture, must be physically and morall}
clean as well as mentally vigorous. I
our civilization is to endure, it musi
have as its sure foundation, a peopl<
mentally, morally and physically fit t<
be the fathers and mothers of futur<
I generations.
To Outlaw Extracts.
It is the policy of this State thai
the sale and use of intoxicating liquors
as a beverage is against public health
and morals, and its sale has, therefore
been prohibited. If, as the legislature
has enacted, and the people at the bal
lot box have declared, the prohibition
of the sale of intoxicating liquors is
to be the policy of the State, and 1
am in full accord with this view, we
must realize that in this matter "eternal
vigilance" is essential to the prop
er enforcement of this provision. Re
cently my attention was called to a
situation that somewhat surprised me,
The police department of one of the
cities of tbis State made a search in
the back alleys and secret places,
where persons naturally resort tc
<trink, and collected a surprisingly
large number of bottles on which were
labels showing that said bottles had
contained compounds, either extracts
or patent medicines, which contained
from 6 to 90 per cent, alcohol. I was
informed by the chief of the police
department that these socalled medicines
and extracts were being freely
purchased from merchants, and drunk
as a beverage. He further stated that
his department was having considerable
drunkenness to deal with on account
of this practice. I have learned
since that this condition is not peculiar
to any one locality, but is somewhat
general throughout the State.
Any reputable physician will unhesi
tatingly say that medicines and extracts
of the class mentioned when
used as beverages are more injurious
in every respect than distilled liquors.
It was not to rid the States of alcoholic
liquors that our prohibition laws
were passed, but rather to protect our
people from the evil and injury incident
to its use as a beVerage. If sub
stitutes are being used that are more
injurious, it is certainly in keeping
with the policy of the State to prohibit
the sale and use of any such substi.
tute. It may be that the present law
I is sufficient to cover such cases, but 1
believe it would be wise to pass an act
definitely dealing with this question.
Tax Methods Unbusinesslike.
During the past several months- I
have endeavored to give a good deal
of my time and attention to the question
of taxation. Every honest man
is willing to pay his pro rata part of
. the necessary burden of government.
The main difficulty with us, as I see
it, is a lack of business method in this
. department. I believe an effective
remedy will be found in the adoption
of an executive budget somewhat simi;
lar to the law now in force in the
J State of Virginia. Under this law th?
governor is required to submit to the
, general assembly at each session an
I executive budget containing an itemiz1
ed statement of the estimated expenditures
of the various departments .and
institutions of the State for the ensuing
liscal year with his recommendations
therpon. This budeet will be
referred to the appropriate committees
as any other bill. Any item, of
course, may be increased, decreased or
stricken out entirely, but no appropriation,
not included in the budget,
is to be considered until the budget is
finally disposed of, except in emergency
cases. This means that the members
of the general assembly will have
the benefit of information obtained by
the governor from the various depart
ments and institutions of the State in
preparing the budget, which will enable
them to act more intelligently in
this important matter. The governor
during the several months preceding
the meeting of the general assembly
will hold public hearings, and require
necessary information in regard to
each item of expenditures asked for,
which information would naturally be
given to the public press for the benefit
of the general public as well as
members of the general assembly. This
I is but a brief outline of what I think
should be the first step in our tax
legislation. The details can be easily
worked out. But the vital question is
yet to be considered. It is easy to
prepare and submit a budget, which
in my opinion, will result in a considerable
saving of money, but this will
not relieve us of the present inequality
of the assessment of property. I
confess that this phase of the question
is more difficult than any other in connection
with the matter. Ibelieve,
however, that in the course of a few
years-we will be able to approximately
I equalize the assessment if we adopt
the following plan:
Tax Commission Necessary.
When you have finally determined
IEv
yo
M
i Ts
| h
:j @ C
the total amount of all appropriations
.for State purposes, the general assembly
should by joint resolution 'apportion
the total amount to the various
counties according to taxable wealth.
This would make necessary the maintenance
of your present tax commission,
or the establishment of some central
board whose duties it would be to
obtain and submit information neces
sary to enable you to determine the
proper apportionment to each county, |
or you can authorize the governor to
appoint the necessary clerical assistance
to enable the governor's office to
furnish this information. A county
board should be provided, charged
with the listing of all property in the
county for taxation. The county could
be appropriately divided for this purpose
into subdivisions according to
townsmp or scnoon district lines, m i
i this way an annual tax survey could
; be made at a minimum cost, and in
the course of a few years all property
could be listed for taxation at its ac
tual value, as the constitution requires.
In arriving at actual valu?
for the purpose of taxation various ,
questions will arise. It will be comparatively
easy to ascertain the taxable
wealth of the county, which should
naturally be based on production and
income from the various lines of business
and industries in the county. The
taxable wealth of a county will, of j
1 course, change from time to time, and I
n now nnnnrtinnment should be made ,
each year. I have stated repeatedly j
to the people of South Carolina that I
did not expect a reduction of taxes,
because I have felt, and now feel, that \
if the State is to develop, and there j
can be no question as to this, it means.
the expenditure of more money from '
the public treasury, but at the same
time I insist that we can have, and
should have, an equitable distribution
of the tax burden.
i Advocates Better Roads,
j There is a general demand and a
real necessity for improved transpor
tation facilities. We must have better j
! public highways. Whether you decide !
- to build roads by direct State appro-1
' priation, by bond issue of the State or
, j the various counties, whatever method
' i
i you may see fit to adopt it means the j
expenditure of more money. The peo- j
pie of the State want better roads ,
i and better schools, and are willing to !
. pay the necessary costs, but as you in- i
.: crease the, amount of your tax, the in-;
equality already existing becomes j
more burdensome, and the dissatisfac- j
tion with our present system becomes j
more intensified.
| In a general way I have submitted j
to you what' seems to me, after a care- i
ful study of the question, the proper j
i solution of our tax difficulty. I do not
expect to accomplish the object desired
in a year, or even two years, but I
, believe the general plan is workable,
and will ultimately give us satisfactory
result. It woiild require too much
time to go into details.
i
Will Uphold Juries.
The chief function of the governor
'under our plan of government as declared
by our constitution, is to see
that the laws are faithfully executed
in mercy. It is gratifying to know
i thnf tbprp is an pver increasing de- i
! mand for an impartial administration
of justice. I believe that the admini
istration of justice, to be effective and
! satisfactory, should be tempered with
I mercy, but first of all a standard of
j justice must be maintained. The law i
is the security of the citizen, and he J
j who wilfully violates it should expect i
j to pay a just penalty. I do not wish ,
j to be misunderstood on this subject.
I know from my own personal expeV
%
% ?
eryone, old
ung, can d
vISTAI
OSTL
rith benefii
kealth. oo
lelicious. di
ree beverc
rience that events show juries some- j
times make mistakes. In some instances
judges impose sentences that
prove to be too severe. Such cases,
however, are exceptional. In a vast!
majority of cases juries render right-!
eous verdicts, and judges impose just
sentences. Believing as I do, that it
is to the best interest of all the people
that the verdicts of juries, and the
judgments of courts should be properly
respected, I shall not interfere with ]
their decisions, except where I am con- '
vinced that the ends of justice will be j
promcieu.
Need Council of Defense.
After a careful consideration of the
task that is before us incident to war
and the readjustment period, it is my
opinion that it would be wise for this
general assembly to continue for another
year the State Council of Defense.
If such an organization was
imnortant in time of war, and few will
deny that it was not, it seems to me
equally important for a short period
&t least immediately following the
war. It will not be necessary to appropriate
as much money for this
body as was appropriated the past
year. An appropriation of $5,000 is
considered sufficient, and I trust you
will find it consistent with your duty
to make this appropriation with a .
view to the prosecution of a vigorous
campaign to arouse our people to the
importance of better education facilities
and various other questions which
will be acute for a while.
Remember the Gray Line.
I can not conclude this address without
a word in behalf of the ex-Confederate
soldier. While we are honoring,
as we should, the boys who are now
returning from the victorious fields
of France, let us not forget the thin
gray line. Almost all of- those who
composed it have already crossed the
river. I feel that the State is finanCONTINUBD
ON PAGE 6 j
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SKIN Wf
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moving all blemishes and cl
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WHAT FSERS THI>
iMacon, Ga.
Cocotone Co.
Dear Sirs: Send me by return
mail two boxes of Cocotone Skin
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Enclosed is money order for $1.23.
Your truly,
CLARA M. JACKiSON.
Waycross, Ga.
Cocotone Co. *
Dear Friends: Your Cocotone j
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^^ *v* o rJ A y f mOTlV i
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send me six boxes of Skin Whiten er
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Yours truly,
ANNA M. WHITE.
For Sale by SINGLETC
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I Ml ! I II ! I I I l ll ll ,| HM_U_ I.lllli1_?
STOMACH WAS WEAK
AFTER DREADED ILL*
Aiter Treatment of Pellagra, Took
Tanlac to Iiestore Stomach?Greenville
Man.?Declares He Found Tan*,
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Gladly Recommends It
Regarding the great relief Tan lacgave
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after five years developed into pellagra,
F. S. Crumley, of No. 8 BuncombeSt..
Greenville, gave the followingstatement:
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into pellagra. I spent several weeVs
at a government pellagra hospital at
!
Spartanburg, hut after I came homewhat
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pick up list of agents.
NOTICE TO WASHERWOMEN OP
THE CITY.
All washerwomen that expect to*
take in washing the present year
miiet nut q nermit. These Der
mits will be issued by the city clerk,
Mr. J. W. Chapman. These permits,
must be secured at once
0. S. Lindl r.
Health Officer.
Newberry, S. C.. Jan. 22, 1919. 2t
tTo n e
1ITENER
t FREE
:or dark or brown skin, re- \
earing swarthy or sallow' 3
lie skin to Grow Whiter^ f,
sxion, use Cocotone Skin S
I
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K OF COCOTONE.
, Montgomery, Ala. j
Cocotone Co.
Dear Sirs: I fine that Cocotone
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tinn t have pver to clear the
skin, and wish, you would mail me
two boxes at once.
(Signed) MRS. C. P. JOHNSON,
Do not accept substitutes or iml
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CUT THIS OUT.
" *
THE COCOTONE CO.
Atlanta, Ga.
I have never used Cocotone Skin I
Willtener, uui n yuu win seua me a
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Name ;
Address
AGENTS WANTED.
>N'S DRUG STORE