Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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| Hetter ~Faritting ORDER FALL FEt I : .Railroad Service is a Serious ] Be Required to Accumulate < Only Shall Be Shipped?1 Fertilizers Can Be Handl Cars Ordinarily Used Farm Service Bur C. A. ^ The world is hungry. To get more fiood is an alarming problem. How can the farms produce more iood when labor is so scarce? How can more acres be planted to iood crops or how can more work be ?iven the acres usually planted without more labor? increase of labor Is hardly to be expected, but there is one important aneans of help which the Southern larmei has been utilizing in une j>ast and ti^it is Fertilizer. But this too is beset with difficulties. Fertilizer can increase production ''Without increasing labor except at Iiarvest time. The warring nations appreciate this fact, and are giving all the encouragement they can to the OSe of fertilizers The railroads can't do the business expected of them unless every freight car is loaded to full capacity. To load them to full capacity he fertilizer dealer must have enough . orders in to make up a full car load ttefore he can reasonably hope to get ? shipment. The earlier the carload '? orders are placed the better chance, course, of getting a shipment. Because of the shortage of equipment, | $he railroads should have as much More Wheat and 0 Farm Service Bureau, Atlanta, Ga. "The South will be expected to take care of its share of wheat and oat * jrroduction. Discouragement from the ^winter kill of the last season and laiSfcor conditions make the task of keeptSag up production no small one, but ICbe country needs more of these crops j M it is to take care of its allies. The | prices which they are bringing, of iconrse, not discourage production. Even if the acreage cannot be increased the prices which the small Sr&ins are bringing justify the very ,t>est seed bed preparation and the ..maTlTTwm use of fertilizer. Growing cereals, of course, do not urequire as much labor as growing corn ?jxd cotton, it is true, but corn and P??EBadX~LLXES IMPREGNABLE, j J&mcofican Army Officers Report Real . Facts to Washington. jj?L 'Nine American officers who acjjwcompanied Gen. Pershing to France I'ftmade Ktour along the western front J jlBreturned to Washington last Tuesday J 4>a on'hm it o ronnrt trt t"he ffiHyicpaJOU w euuuuv ? . ^R^eneral staff. These officers represent- ; Red virtually every arm of the service. | Hi hey were sent "with Gen. Pershing Hko make first hand observations and to ! Home back immediately to the capital HKhat they might give the war departjiaent detailed reports on conditions, S in the trenches and outline the prinjjjg ycipsJ needs of the Allies. (Tie group went to tne war uepart-, nent^tnd then went to the war col-,' eee. Vhere they started a series of, xmfereices with Brig. Gen. Jospeh j Knhn, hsad of the college, and his as-1 I Despite the fact these officers, or at ( ist most o fthein, have studied ev-| ry m9ve of the^war from a long dis-i J c?nnnAC?A/1 +f\ havA 51. WC1C Oujjyvji-u W v ? (fairly clear idea of the situation, they :announced at the war department that jthey had no conception of the situa-, tion until they had followed the line of the trenches from Switzerland to the sea. I They admitted they were astounded |i conditions and that virtually all their preconceived notions were: 'According to the observers, thej MT'German line on the western front is, |S Tirtaally impregnable, as far as the > | present alignment of forces is con-! cerned. The allies cannot budge this j H line unless they receive tremedo-* ||l assistance from the United States. J',/ There is no evidence whatever that backbone of the German Empire j jjffMp about to be broken because of in- j wjfcrnal dissensions or of shortage of IiTie Allied officers on the front ad; freely that they cannot break the man line with their present force. 'emi?orarily, at least, Germany is in ascendancy in the air. There are present approximately five million snch and British troops in France f are facing approximately 3,000,Germans. Behind this force Gerly has 4,200,000 reserves. Of this > - ~ ? rv 1 /yn* Iber z,vvu,iwv nave uwu wucu leet the anticipated spring drive ming on March 1. The other 2, 00 -will be called to act as the k line. fe oiScers reported that they hai f in the South ! ITIUZERS EARLY Problem?Fertilizer Dealers Will - - ? _ Orders So That Fuii uarioaas flailway Authorities Say ed in Half Number of ? A War Measure. *eau, Miianta, ua. Vhittle. time as possible to plan for moving the fertilizer. Early orders will give them a knowledge of the number of cars that will be needed. Government Authorities Backing It The National Council of Defense has sent out a bulletin on this very subject, urging farmers to order their fall ferl j--i- 1? ?orlnaH ?hinmerits lllizers ecu iy ou ion might be made and the largest amount of human food produced. The United States Department of Agriculture through the States Re? lations Service and Bureau of Soils; and agricultural colleges and county agents, are advising the same. The railroads are very urgent about the matter. The fertilizer manufacture arc nfferincr to helD the dealers and farmers as much as possible to overcome the transportation difficulties. Half Cars Can Be Saved Railway authorities have statistiss to show that half of the cars ordinari ly used for hauling fertilizers couia do the business, if only they are loaded to their maximum capacity. Where a full car load can not be 1 made up for one destination, then it is to be filled with orders for neigh- ; boring stations along a railroad. i 'ats From the South cotton will ta&e their turn in every well planned farm. The scant oat crop should be husbanded for seed this year. No oats ~ J l'? tVio CmitVl are its guuu w |<iauuu5 m uuvw < as those grown in the South, especially | if they are grown in the region wh* they are to be planted. The same It j true of wheat unless in a given section the best variety for that section . has not yet been used. ' Good seed should be ordered early. Unless fertilizers are ordered early, so that dealers can ship only in full ] carload lots it is quite proDaoie mat i farmers will be disappointed when \ seeding time comes. The railroads ( will probably have more than they can | do even with full carload shipments. It is a national necessity to see | no freight car space is wasted. i < ??????? j been informed repeatedly that the ] Allies are looking to the United States \ for the greatest kind of help, and un- i less this country meets their expecta- t Urine it ?c tn hazard ail ODin- 1 Wi vug AU MWV*WWW ? 4 ion upon the time when the war may 4 end. i For the United States, the Russian I collapse may have an immediate and direct bearing. It will, if the German i staff presses its advantage, release i additional German forces to bolster 1 up the western front where American troops are to be engaged. The Ger- < man line in the west has not been seriously impaired at any point, officers believe. They do not claim to : know the situation along the battlefront, but they are unable to see that J the British and French have wrested < from the Germans any key position < c" such importance that it can be i used next year to hurl the enemy * back. It has been noted, in fact, that one stragetic advantage gained in recent fighting was gained by the Ger- ] mans. Many officers here believe 1 that when a small sector of the Brit ish line in Belgium was overwhelmed H and its defenders nearly all captured or killed* the Germans iir.proved the 1 situation on their weakest front mate rially. That view is based oil the opinion that the only hope of decisive : attainments for the allies in the west lies in rolling up the German right ; l.. nk where it reaches the sea in Belgium. Tf that could h*? ^one. it is arzued. that the U-boat bases coy'.d be stamped out and the only offensive instrument of the Germans be eliminated entirely or made ineffective. The big question is whether it eould. be done. It wvuld require combined | army and navy operations on that [ part of the Belgian coast held by the ! Germans, for it would be necessary , to force a landing, behind their line | and force the whole right Sank back | from the sea as a result. Tiie price or a victory 01 tcis naj ture against the U-boat and German | shore batteries probably wojIU ie apj palling, and there is nothing to indicate that the effort is being seriously considered at the present. However, many army men, both here and in Great Britain, favor some ^uch desperate attempt to bring the struggle to a conclusion. | Reports received from France givej J no cheering picture of what must be . done. There appears to be no doubt [ thr.t the allied line can stand against any fore? Germany can ferine against i < it. Even the Russian disaster dries not affect the situation. But to rather the necessary strength l*or a successful 7e::..hv v. Ill :.V.:e iliiie and ani;.Ie sea transportation facilities, if the "United States is to furnish, the needed surplus of men, airplanes and munitions md food. The transportation problems before the United States both on land and J 19&. are constantly increasing iu i It seems to be certain now that whole I railroad systems will have to be set up in France to give the American line the flow of war materials and men that it must have to press home an attack. There is an old military rule that a fortified position cannot be taken v i- mnct tiotiirnor? nr i DV direct exuia.civ, uui muot w kuiuuu ~isolated entirely. Some observer:; here say the allied offensive has consisted only of direct attacks against a line of fortifications stronger than any i'ort of former days. The maze of trenches, entanglements, armored strong posts and fortified villages ex-i . i tends miles back of the front on Dotn sides, so that in effect a fortified belt stretches from the sea to the Swiss border that is perhaps more than 100 miles wide. Military men here believe that no breach can be made for many months through the German line of sufficient width to permit such operations in the. rear as would iorce a rolling up of the entire German front. Admitting all these points there is no sign of discouragement among American officials. President Wilson's rWto ra tion that the nation, not merely an army, must be made ready for war is being carried out determinedly and apparently with confidence that in time men and supplies can be got to France in sufficient force to makp certain the result. / / FIVE BILLION W.4B BILL DELAYED Washington, July 28.?The senate finance committee today decided to: 1. Increase the war revenue bill from $1,670,000 to $1,943,000,000. 2. Confine its work to .raising only money for ap^ropriatioas already made. 3. Refuse to interfere with the prerogatives of the house which muat iow take the responsibility of raising :he additional $5,000,<>00,000 just ask*d for hy Secretary McAdoo. Ufay Walt. It is the general opinion of the com- j nittee that as the government already ;an count on $5,276,000,000, the $5,-] 000;000,0 0 appropriation a(sked for j >y the secretary might be deferred intil December. The present reve-j iues, say committee members, is en-1 ;irely sufficient to carry the government until the winter session of congress, perhaps beyond. But this rests j &-ith the house ways aad m:anscom nittee. | The present plan of the senate comnittee in raising the additional $273,>00,000 contemplates extra taxation on :hree sources: 1. Income taxes on individuals and corporations. 2. Taxes on excess profits. 3. Consumption taxes, probably on ret untaxed sources. The larger part of the money will; no doubt come from the first named i source. The committee is not in-! alined touse the other two, certainly { aot the third unless absolutely neces-; jary. Raise It. The $273,000,000 increase an the war j revenue bill is based on the fact that j estimates of $1,903,000,000 were orig-' ?* ? >>?? 'hnnap That body, many scut n-r cut this to $1,800,000,000 and sent bill' with this amount to the senate. Now' the senate will raise its own bill to! the original estimates sent to the house and add $40,000,000 for the ay-; iation bill. Members of the senate committee; say that it is entirely ??p to the house 1 ' " * 4- *Vrv i whether or not ? grauw LUC ucpai k ; ments, through Mr. IfcAdoo, the five' billion he has asked for. They point' out that at present snfftaient money ta3 been appropriated to ran the g*>TePBme?t-*Efefi congress returns for a new session in December. ALIEJ8 TO BIB BBATBD FOE ABM! Washintgoa, J-aly 27.?The senate . i"~ ^ A 'Vl ^ fhllt I military oomminee Luuaj uo^mou j aliens of military age now hi this, conn try must serve in the American' armr or leave the country. It is estimated that more than 1,000,000 slackers are now in the United States. " *-- ? 4-- I The committee votea 10 reyori, la.?orabie the resolution, by Senator Chamberlain drafting these aliens. It is expected that the bill will be passed Monday by the senate. The resolution ha3 been changed to j QVQ.m-n.+ all oliana Trhn r*flT)TVot UTlder i treaty or law become citizens. This includes Chinese and Japanese. Enemy aliens and subjects of countries wilrti -which the United States has treaties; exemi>ting them from military service' are also excluded in the draft. j JAPAN RUSHED TO AID ALLIES i Italy Securing Loan to Back Her in >e>v Determined Drive Against ; Germany in Austria. Washington, July 28.?Japan soon' i will be a potent factor in the war on the Russian front. This was in-J dicated in official Japanese diplomat-! ic circles today. Japan, long- main-i taining a "watchful waiting" attitude,1 has decided to throw her power in the, balance. Already, it is believed, Jap-; anese troops are or tuiV ray to* Russia to help Kerensky in strength-j ening the Galician defenses. Weeks ago it was indicated in the J International News Service dispatches I that Japan would take a prominent' part in the war, but pledges of secre-; cy were extracted from all who knew ( of them. The fact that the plans! contemplated sending troops to Rus-! sia and that the ban of secrecy hag1 now been lifted, indicates to Entente! diplomats here that the troops are I i already on Russian soil. I)oing Her Bit. Japan has been doing her "bit" forj months by sending munitions to Ru-| sij,, but the constant stream of shells' ? ~ J V* +Vin r\nK_ ! and guns went unnouceu uy uic j lie because the few who knew were' pledged to secrecy. The large imports i of gold from the (United States to1 Japan which caused so much comment J here several months ago, and resulted in various evasive answers from! the treasury department, are explained! by the huge amounts of material bought here by the Tapenese and 1 J rvmnitinn<5 for the i later tu rut?u. miu muuibo-v*^ Russians. Japan had a huge trade balance with the United States and she was using it up. Now the purchases have exceeded the balances, and automatically the gold shipments have dropped off. Japanese Time Ripe. Mobilization of Japanese in Man-1 churia has been conducted for several months by Japan. To those not knowing the wherefore, it was inex- j niicable. The answer has now been I z made public. Japan was getting; ready to strike a death-blow at Ger-j many through Russia. She waited until the rerolutianary situation there clarified to a certain extent and then decided the time was ripe-for striking. Along with the disclosure of' Japan's plans, eame the unofficial announcement that Italy was seeking - lnon from the United States a uugc ... ? for the financing of an expedition into Austria. Itlian diplomats bold that the best way to smash Germany's power at the present time is by hitting. at Austria. Italy is the only power in a position to do this readily. Italy is said to have more than 2,000,oOO men, many of them trained under fire, r^ady to send into Austria at short notice. But she needs coal and j "-." nifmnq The United States must; UIUUavavaw furnish the fuel and the raw material i for the munitions. Otherwise the Italian army can not be maintained in any points of vantage it may gain. The United States is said to look with favor upon Italy's proposal and it is likely that a new offensive will be started by Oardorna within a few weeks, for Italy is said to have sti.f flcient supplies to make a stan. uui>c( she is assured of a constant source. I 17 BILLION FOE FIEST TEAS WAR! - ? Washington, July 27.?Secretary I iMcAdoo today practically justified! the statement by Senator Smooth that j the first year of the war would cost this country about $17,000,000,000. The secretary told the senate anance I committee that past, pending and1 proposed expenditures would amount j to $11,651,194,000. Mr. Smoot has included in his estimate the past loan of $3,000,000,000 j to the allies, another probate loan of 52-000 000,000 and *5,000,000,00o for! the shipping -board- ! For This Tear. j It was in0 response to tie request from the committee that the secretary furnished ths estimate of the enormous sums required. He said that of the $11,351,000,#00 about $10,73*5,807,000 \rould be spent this year. The financial experts of congress will now have to devise means of raising about $?76,O#Q,OO0 by iaxa-! tion. . The total expenditure for the army $5,917,858,34-7 for Triiich the army has asked. I The total expenditure fo rthe army, by the close of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1918, will t>e about $8,673,-. 900,000. The navy -will require about $1,324,000,000. These two items alone aggregate close to $10,000,000,090. j Experts from the war department ' vifllfVTVfl At) ana coitjib vi c peared before the committee to tell their immediate needs. General rozier, of ordinance; General BLsok, of engineering; General Sharpe, of the quarter masters, and General 9<?iiier t of aviation, and a chief medical oftieer testified. The committee had expected that pome of the ?5,900.000,000 might not | be absolutely necessary for this year's | expenditure. But the army experts; j-.aid contracts had been made for: practically all of the sum. About; $700,000,000 will not have to be paid; i until next year but must be raised j now. Substracting this $700,000,000 and j the $600,000,000 already appropriated, for the aviation service, the immedi-j ate army bill will be about $4,560,-' 000,000. The committee did not con-j sider today any plans for raising the additional money needed. The whole j day was consumed in hearing the' military experts. So vast is the sum wanted that the' whole finnancial plan has been i thrown into disorder,and the commit-,1 teemen have not been able to make; up their minds about the new bur-j den. Sentiment though is against loading! up surtaxes in addition to those pro-( posed in the present war revenue bill: of $1,670,000,000. It means still to be the idea to add; $1,000.000,000 of taxation to the bill; placing the levies on yet untaxed sources. The other part of the needed money will probably be raised through bond issues. The committee will' meet tomorrow: and begin work on its arduous task.' mqan. ~ i -Mrm-nr -n txAJIl t nAKULU MtWUIil, AGAIN IX COURTS Columbia, July 2S.?Under an opin-1 ion rendered by Attorney General Peeples tonight, Mr. Wade Hampton! Gibbes, today appointed chief game warden by Governor Manning upon the recommendation of a rump convention held here several days ago,! will have to go into the courts to settle his claims for the honoring of his pay warrants. 1 "It will be seen from tms decision (referring to the decision of the supreme court) that the Audubon society must recommend and the governor must nominate one and the same person before snch person is entitled to hold and enjoy the office of the chief game warden," the attorney general holds. x x ? The matter went 10 uuc anuiuc; general upon a letter from tlie comptroller general, who asked for an opinion in reepomse to a communication from Persident E. C. L?. Adams, of the Audubon society, who wrote both the comptroller general and the attorney general protesting against, the recommendation of the hump convention styling itself the Audubon society. George Bell Timmerman of LexingJ. ?nni>noont Q ffcp \lldub0n SO" IUU W1IU iCl/lluvuw ciety, was in Columbia tonight and said the whole matter would be "fought to a finish in the courts. FLAGLEK'S WII>OW HES. BUTGHAH, DEAD " Louisville, Ky., July 27.?Mrs. Robert Worth Bingham, the widow of Henry M. Flagler, died at her home in this city tonight. Mrs. JBingham was one of the wealthiest women in the country and had entertained extensively here, had bee the largest single con tributor to war charities in this city. 'She was married to Judge Robert Bingham last year. RED CROSS CAMPAIGN FUND INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAYMENT f | The fir.^t instalment on the pledge ci-'ds was due July 1; the second instlment will be due August 1; the third September 1; the fourth OctoJ in mXT ber 1. Tne pieage <*trus <XL C iU JUUJ liQ.-ds and I will receive payments at any time. For -the convenience of i subscribers lists of subscriptions have been placed ia the hands of the following persons, any of whom are au-| tboried to reoeive payments and forward them to me. | Cbappells: Dr. W. .0 Hollowr#-, A. P. Coleman. I Prosperity: J. D. Qiiattiebauna, J. ! X" U1 V r* u&. 1 . _ Little Mountain: W. A. Co*nte. i Pomaria: J. P. Setzlar, John C. ! Anil. Whitmire: John W. Scott, M. EL Abrams, E. E. Child, H. C. Leaman. It is of great importanoe that the past du? instalment be paid at once, and that the other instalments be paid as they fall due, so that the money aST ^ forwarded to Washington as.J -tut- to use. M. L. SPHARMAN, Treasurer. ?i Stop, Look, Listen?We are ready to grind yo?r Corn and Wheat. Have j for sale, corn meal wheat brae, middling, whole vviie&t flour and fine flou-r. We want your grinding. Farmers Oil Mill, 7-3-9t J. H. Wicker, Mgr. j The Herald and News One Year for Only $1.50. ' GAL?ONE REPORT OX NEWBERRY COUNTY ALMSHOUSE Mark Smith, superintendent, inmates?Whites, males 1; females 2; negroes?males 3; females 1. Plant and Manageemtn, The Newberry almshouse was no nearer to many of our standards at this inspection than it was when it was inspected in 1916. It scored 36 out of a posible 1,000 points at this inspection, and 637 points at the inspection in 1916. .--v. This almshouse is deficient under ? - -? -A* ? M ^ ?? V? A/iA ri A i+fl TXZXT* OUT siaiiUcUus uctausc us ptimanent plant contains no hospital facilities, dining rooms or living rooms beside their dormotories; its superintendent does not keep adequate records of the inmates; does not attlnd to the sanitation in approved ways; and the commissioners have not screened the paupers' quarters nor equipped them well, have not provided sanitary facilities of the, best sort, and have not given the paupers three meals a day. In fact, the Newberry almshouse, like the almshouses in practically all the smaller counties in South Carolina, is but one more illustration of tho fact that the average county in this state cannot provide and maintain by ! itself an almshouse which will be a true hospital-home for paupers. The fundamental remedy for conditions at the Newberry almshouse (as well as at the almshouses in many other counties in the State) is for Newberry t* combine with other neighboring coun ties to maintain a district almshouse. W'e urge that the following recommendations be put into effect immedately at the Newberry almshouse; Recommendations as to SnperiateRdi ent's Management. i 1. Keep a record in a suitable book * * i oi eacn pauper suun mg uojuc, [ sex and age; whether married, single, ! or widowed; physical and mental con| dition; date of admission, date of dis! charge, and reason for discharge. 2. Have the privies cleamed out , once a week and the sewerage buried under three feet of earth. 3. Pile the manure from the eta- ^ ?| ble and lot in a bin every day and spread it on the fields once a week. ^ Rocmemiatosndn m 9S PAniltr rptt? | ilCVVUUUVUUUMVMO HU ?v ^ ^ miss toners and Almshouse. 1. Hove all dwelling houses screeat ed. 2. Build four fly-proof privies of j the pail type. | 3. Give the paupers three meals a ; day and provide tableware for them ta i u se. -State Board of Charities and Corrections. ALBERT S. JOHNSTONE, May 11, 1917. I State Board of Charities and OrrectJOHS* Columbia, S. C., May 11, 1917. Score Card Report on Newberry County Almshouse. I. Almshouses: Permanent Fea-ures: , Scorae. Possible. Actual j 1. Location and acreage 15 IS 1 . Superintendent's quarters 10 1# | 3. Pauper's quarters 175 11# ! (Total score under See. 1) 200 133 II. Superintendent's Management: 1. The Paupers: (1). Personal hygiene S9 55 (2.) Occupation & discipline 25 35 (3) Records 25 10 2 Pauper's Quarters: Conditions: (1) Dormitories & adjuncts. 110 96 (2) Kitchen and storeroom.. 25 23 (3) Classification facilities, lull use of 45 45 3. Sanitation: C%/% (1) Disposal of sewerage .. (2) Disposal of manure..., 3* 1 (3) Disposal of kitchen refusal 18 6 4. General conditions 2$ 1$ (Total score under Sec, II.) 4$0 II. County Commissioners and Almshouse: 1. Almshouse Equipment and rapair 155 18 j 2. Sanitary facilities 85 4# 3. Administration and Medical Service 100 65 4. Pauper's food and feeding 4$ 30 5. General supervision 20 3 (Total score under Sec. III.) 4(K> 2W Complete score on this almshouse HHKI 635 ALBERT S. JOHNSON, Secretary. ' I/*t?Between residence of Mr. Frank Daris and Central Methodist church on Sunday black cross bordered with. gold. Reward if returned to Jtfr3. Frank Davis, Ne wberry. 7-4-lt. I Tbe Herald and Notts One Year for Only |1.50.