University of South Carolina Libraries
HOW NEW NATIONAL ARMY WILL BE BROUGHT FORTH Selective Draft Bill Divided Into Sec tions, Dealing With Manner of Raising Forces. Machinery for fiettini? ->Ien and Exemption Featnres. The State. Washington. May 10.?The con ferees 011 the part of both the house <'nd the senate in congress having agreed upon every material point in the military increase bill^?tlie bill which starts the machinery for action against the Prussian forces?The State corresposdent is able, herewith, to present in concrete form the actual law as it was signed by tne president. The sections quoted in this story are verbatim from the conference report, therefcre, are absolutely correct in every detail. It is indicated that the "bill divides itself into several different parts, namely; the raising, organizing and officering of the regular army; draft nr ^nnsorirrtion and the machin ery for patting this fetaure into effect, and those, who for various reasons are exempt under the law. +V?a rtnoMfi/vn /-?f tho rpjrillar ' n Ikii Up^iUUVU V*. VMV - w0 ? forces the people of the country have little to do at this time, except that cnce going to the front, either by vol unteering or ty the draft plan, the citizen becomes automatically a part of the regular force. How the Army Is Made Up. It is nrovided that "the enlisted men secured to raise and maintain the or ganizations of the regular army and to complete and maintain the or ganizations embodying the members of the National Guard drafted into the service of the United States, at the maximum legal strength as by this act provided, shall be raised by vol untary enlistment or if, whenever tne js tViof tVio-c- r>an Tint pi CMUCUl utviuv-j kuuv be effectually so raised, or maintained, then by selective draft, and all other forces hereby authorized, except as provided in the seventh paragraph or section 1, shall be raised and main tained by selective draft exclusively. Such draft as herein provided shall Tkz* Tvo a art nrwm linhiKtv to militarv wvy ^VK?VU .. w service of ^11 male citizens, or male persons not alien enemies who have declared their intention to- become citizens, between the ages of 21 ana 30 years, both inclusive, and shall taK? place and be maintained under sncn regulations as the president may pre scribe not inconsistent with the terms of this act. The quotas for the sever al territories and the District of Columbia, or subdivisions thereof, shall be determined in proportion to the population thereojf, and credit shall be given to any State, territory, district or subdivision thereof, for the number erf men who were in the mili tary service of the "United States as members of the National Guard on April 1. 1917, or who have since sail date entered the military service of the United States fpOm any such. State, territory, district or subdivision, either ad members of the regular army or the National Guar&. All persons drafted into the service of the United States and all officers accepting com missions in the forces herein pro iriWaH fr>r ahaii from the dnte of said draft or acceptance, be subject to the laws and regulations governing tlr? regular army, except as to promo tions, so far as such laws and regula tions are applicable to persons whose permanent retention in the military service on the active or retired list is not contemplated by existing law, and those drafted shall be required to 'serve for the period of existing emer gency unless sooner discharged: Pro vided, That the president is author ized to raise and maintain by volun *" ?o c? horoin TSLry all lib LLLl (JUL. Ui uiai),, uo uv> v? provided, special and technical troops as he may dee*n necessary, and to em M>ody them into organizations and to officer them as provided in the thira pargraph of section 1 and section 9 of this act. Organizations of tne ** ? 1 f/v?* av/?ont tTli* IOri'CS IICl Clli pi UT IUCM IU1 , VAVV^V v ? regular army and the divisions au thorized in the seventh pargraph or section 1, shall, as far as the in terests of the service permit, be com posed of men who come, and of offi cers who are appointed from, tno same State or locality. "lT- Kn noiM tn in rl 11 (">t? "~r>0 CKJUill * suait uc i/aiu tu tuuuw any person to enlist in the military service of the United States; and so person liable to military service shall hereafter be permitted or allowed to furnish a substitute for such service; nor shall any substiute be received, enlisted lor enrolled in the military service of the 'United States; and no such person shall be permitted-to es cape such service or to be discharged therefrom prior to the expiration or his term of service by the payment of money or any other valuable thing whatsoever as consiaerauua iur ma release from military service or lia bility thereto. How Drafting Is Done. "The president is hereby author ized, in his discretion, to cretae and establish throughout the several States and subdivisions thereof and In the territories and the District of Co " lumbia local "boards, and where, in his discretion, practicable and desir able, there shall be cretaed and estab lished one such local board in each county or similar subdivision in eacn State and one for approximately each 30,000 of population in each city of /\ftA nnnulotinn nvay a/i/inpdinO1 OV.VW JW^Uionvu ui to the last census taken or estimates furnished by the bureau of census of the department of commerce. Sucn toards shall be appointed by the president and shall consist of three or more members, none o! whom shall be connected with the military establishment, to be chosen from among the local authorities of sucn subdivisions or from other citizens residing in the subdivision or area in which the respective boards will have jurisdiction under the rules and reg ^ ulations prescribed by the president. Such boards shall have power within their respective jurisdictions to hear and determine, subject to review as hereinafter provided, all questions of exemption under thi3 act, and all qqaestkmaoClst>r dsims tor stefcWtliag r discharging individuals or classes ' of individuals from'the selective draft. . which shall be made under rules and ' regulations prescribed by the pre>* | dent, except, any and every question or claim for including or excluding ! or discharging persons or classes of i rersons from the selective draft un cler the provisions of this act au ; thorizing the president to exclude or j discharge from the selective draft: j 'Persons engaged in industries, in cluding agriculture, found to be nec essary to the maintenance of the military establishment or the effective operation of the military forces or the maintenance of national interest during the emergency.' These Are Exempt. "That the vice president of the United States, the officers, legislatives executive and judicial of the United States and of the several States, ter ritories and the District of Columbia, regular or duly 'ordained ministers or religion, students who at the time or tne approval 01 uiis act. are jjiepanu? for tlie ministry in recognized theo logical or divinity schools, and all ' persons in the military and naval ser i vice of the United States shall be ex j empt from the selective draft herein ' prescribed; and nothing in this act contained shall be construed to re quire or compel any person to serve ' in any of the forces herein provided for who is found to be a member or any well recognized religious sect or ! organization at present organized and J existing and whose existing creed or j principles forbid its members to par ticipate in war 111 any xuim auu *> religous convictions are against war or participation therein in accordance with the creed or principles of sa?rj religious organizations, but no person so exempted shall be exempted from service in any capacity that the pre.-? dent shall declare to be noncombat ant; and the president is hereby au thorized to exclude or discharge ^from said selective draft and from the draft under the second paragraph or section 1 hereof, or to draft for par tial military service only from those liable to draft as in this act provided, persons ot in? iuhuwiu^ vmaoto. County and municipal officers, custom house clerks, persons employed by the "United States in the transmission of the mails, artificers and workmen em ployed in the armories, arsenals and navy yards ot the United States, and such other persons employed in the service of the United States as the president may designate: pilots; ma srtnaliv prriT'loved in the sea service of any citizen or merchant within the United States; persons en framed in industries, including agricul ture, found to be necessary to mo maintenance of the military estab lishment or the effective operation 0! the military forces or the maintenance of national interest during the emer r'pncy: those in a status wkh respect to persons dependent upon them for sunoort which renders their exclusion or discharge advisable; and those found to be physically or morally de ficient. No exemption or exclusion shall continue when a cause therefor no longer exists: Provided, That not withstanding the exemptions enumer r-ted herein, each State, territory and ttie District of Columbia shall be re quired to supply its quota in the prt> r-rtf+i-r\n that it a T^omilation bears t*j the total population of the United States." This. in brief, is the machinery which is being ra^idlv erotten in work in v order for utilization. The few points which are not spe mentioned, namely, the plac ing of the State drafting forces In the hands of the governors of the dif ctnfftc -a-in he recognized as de tails which are arranged by the war department It is finally provided that should those liable to duty fail to respona to proclamation or other notice, they will, if apprehended, be taken before the proper legal authorities, and if convicted, serve a term of a year rn prison and then be placed in the fight ing lines. The number of males in South Car TT'oon 91 and 30 years of age is 137,100, ana from this , number her force3 are being drawn. DOZEN BIG CAJTPS j I> THIS SECTION Plan for Housing?PiTislon TVill B? Placed at Each One of Posts, With D-IH Art.. Tf A PIT ivnu Duui ivi am Washington, May 17.?Complete 1 lans for housing 22.000 men at eacu of 32 divisional] cantonment camps in which the war army is to be train ed have been worked out by war de partment officials and construction work will be undertaken as soon as commanders 01 ine nuunti-y ments have designated tTie sites, i Twelve of the camps will go to ; the new Southeastern department, commanded by Maj. Gen. Wood, mak ing 264,000 troops assigned to that de partment. Six camps will be establish ed in the central department, six in the Southern, three in the Western, four in the Eastern and one in trie Northeastern departments. The building will be done T>y con tract under supervision of army offi I cers. Col. I. w. Liiueu 01 iut uuai termaster's corps lias *>een placed in general charge of construction and has nearly completed the organization of his forces. In effect the project is , to build 32 towns complete with all : necessary equipment and facilities. It j will require 6.000,000 feet of lumber. | There will be 2,000 buildings in ' each encampment. These will include | quarters for officers and men, stables, i kitchens, mess halls, bath houses and i store rooms, in addition to numerous j structures for special purposes, j Each town will cover a little more than a souare mile of groundfi not in : eluding the big tracts of land neces ! sary for drilling and military opera tions during training, Jn addition to the cantonments, the ^tiartermaster's department has laid plans for the erection of central grourvs of warehouses and storage . buildings which will be situated con ! veniently as to transportation lines the camps. DA3TY1LLE (JIVES BLEASE OVATION Hoc f'-iotf ftf Il'innr nnil Pril!(>!!):!i Speaker at Stale Convention of IUiU Men. Charleston American. Columbia, May 18.?Former Gover nor Cole. L. Blease, leader of the re lorm party of South Carolina, was given a. great ovation in Danville, Va., this week, according to the reports in the Danville Bee and the Danville Register, on the occasion of his visit to that city as th? guest of honor, and principal speaker at the state conven tion of Red Men of the Old Dominion state. "Fullv four thousand Red Men and citizens of Danville last night heard an address by Hon. Coleman Living ston Blease, former governor or South Carolina an'* almost a national figure because of the many striking acts performed during his term o: office," says the Register. "Mixing humor, pathos and seriouo thoughts on the tenents or the great -American organization ne aeuvereu * striking addres3 which, combined witn his persona] magnetism swayed tne big audience and in a measure ex plained his popularity in his state. Although Mr. Blease has not been heard of for some time he still show ed the'fir<:! that won him a name before the public and there were sormv daring and striking utterances. One of his boldest assertions was a com parison of Robert E. Lee with. Jesus Christ; another was the simple plea for the disgraced woman, others being the vigorous assertion that had lie been a congressman or senator during the present session he would have vo ted against Tvar and against conscrip tion. "A lengthy torchlight parade took place from ihe halls in North Dan ville to the tabernacle. "After the Red Men had taken tue seats reserved for them the citizens among them many women, poured in ( at every door and very soon an tne 1 space except that reserved usually for the colored people had been taken. The band played several selections and v.hen the speakers of the evening ar rived the tune turned to Dixie ana instantly hundreds of American flags were being waved. Clifton J. Parrott, of the local lodge of Red Men. introduced the ex-gov ernor and paid a glowing tribute to iiv; fearlessness?in iaci ue LCI ii-icu utui ' "the most fearless in the nation.'" . "Mr. Blease spoke for V) minutes, . He also expatiated on Redmanship anc went at length into the principles or | which the order is founded, lae weaved into his discourse incidents oi his own career as governor where he . gained fame as the liberator of hun ; dreds of felons from the penitentiary Freedom was the first principle anc this naturally paved the way to ai explanation of his letting down tne i bars to the imprisoned. He pointed , out religious freedom of thought as essentials upon which the nation is ; founded. Freedom of the mind anc conscience he said cannot be given b) man, but bodily freedom can be, ana he saici that he had seen men ir shackles freer with the consciousness of serving an unjust sentence, tiiar | many a man of great means whost ,conscience told him that he should b the man to wear those shackles. H? j enlarged upon the freedom of the Uni i ted States. Friendship and brotherl) j love as taught by the Red Men, Gover : nor Blease said, was responsible foi his releasing so many prisoners during Me ^ropr fie soueht to justify hii ?cts as governor saying that he knew eh had suffered criticism:. "I hn..c had hurled at me from public speakers and newspapers the vilest epithets ever applied to a man, but thank God hot r at-and and sav I have givec not freedom of conscience and heart but freedom of boiy to more men than any one other man in the American nation." A roar of cheers went up "My name has made men happy," he continued, "anduhe principle of free dom that I have applied was taught t y me by the Red Men, which organiza tion I ioined in 1904." v*w? * *f ; "The present war and the workings of congress was one phase to which j the speaker cevoted considerable at tention. He stated frankly that had he been a member of congress or a ' senator he would have voted against j war with Germany, also against con c^rintinn The comoarison of Genera] Lee as referred to was made in this connection and was sequelled by a majestic tribute to the Confederate 'I army. 'But we are in the war now, he continued. 'Now it is to do and die and we propose to stand as one man and fight to the finish. Germany " ?~ J Kifii thp aSSPT 1 tion that to burn the national capitol , at Washington "would be to strike , the greatest blow at democracy, but 1 I am here to tell you, fellow citizens, ( that when this comes there will t>e ; no longer any American citizens liv j ipg.' The speaker further intimated that he is a pacifist by nature thougn I some of his earlier reported state i nontc to imolv the oppo j site. 'There never was a quarrel ; which could not be settled upon re flection. There would be no sin if the ' doctrine of brotherly love was more 1 generally accepted.'" Doth the Register and the Bee carry j double column cuts of the Reform : leader of South Carolina. The Bee thus speaks of him and his views: i "Former Governor Cole Blease told ; a reporter this morning in discussing ' the world's history which is now be : ing rapidly made, that he is unques . tionably against the selective draft ' system which is expected to soon ae | come a law. Mr. Blease says that i every state of the Union should be i given a full opportunity to raise its ! own quota and believes that but for j the oversnaaowing mnutmct; uj. mo ! proposed draft which was talker about before the peopjle had been gi an adequate chance to respond as vol unteers the response would have been far greater. The draft system, in the opinion of tho well-known former -governor.-wilJ liat'e the ^?P?ctf he --be "eves, of destroying the identity of certain states as fighting unite and r that the men raised in one state will be merged wiyi the fighting and bet ter organized forces of another ana thus be virtually barred from winning ulory in the war as an individual ilJiic iorce. i j "The South Carolinian, who about two }^eara ago was to have made an address here to the Red Men, but who was detained by a court trial, arrived last night and was seen at his hotei this morning. This is the first time he has stopped in Danville. As the accompanjing illustration indicates, the ex-governor is far from conform ing with the popular conception ol the noted orators. Mo.st people imagine fiim as a man with a black pompa dour and black moustache, but be is a gray, a strikig figure, though he* is yet one year this side of ."0. "Mr. Blease makes no denial that he is a pacifist, but he is equally firm in the belief that now that this na tion is at war every man and woman should do all that is possible to pre > serve the unity of the nation in its great set purpose. *ir it wasnt ior conscription,' he said this morning, 'I could go down to Smith Carolina and raise a brigade of the finest fighting men that ever shouldered the gun.' He believes that Theodore Roosevelt should be allowed to rais?2 his fighting division by the volunteer method and -take them abroad if the? want to go. He believes that this, i.": done earlier, would liave given : tremendous impetus to recruiting throughout th^ country. He is alsc ' ready to serve at his station in the firing line should it ever become neces sary to call out the men of bis class into the war, and indicated that notli : ing could stop him from fighting with the men from his state if a Ger man invasion of this country or Mex j ico were attempted. "The ex-governor firmly believes that at the last election he was chosen by the people to be governor and as serted that he had been robbed o] the fruit of victory by the opposition ' which supported Governor Manning.' * J | THE FALLACY OF FREE PLANS . By Noble Foster Hoggin, President ' Hoggson Brothers, Bonders. ii { When, after many mental flights o1 1 enthusiastic exhilaration, a man ' makes up his mind definitely to pro > ceed with a building operation, tht L first thing he thinks of is the mattei of planning. He knows pretty Wbi what he wants. He has been con templating the project for a consid erable length of time; lie has the siti and a certain sum of money whfcr he expects to put into the operation All preliminaries have been decided He prepares to go shopping. He has heard of "free"' plans. Som< one has told him that, by havinj " several sets of.sKetcnes mace oy air [ ferent architects, he may determim which, architect displays the abilit: } to best carry dut his ideas and de ^ sires. So he gets in touch with j r number of architects. He frankl: tells each of them that it is a matte: '! of competition, and that the plan | which seem to suit his needs bes will be selected; that only the wlnne: ; of the competition will be paid fo ! his work. 51 \ ?1 Only one of these architects -has < . chance to secure the commission fo] the proposed building operation. Om . of them will win; all the others wii .: lose; and, strange as it may seem r i the ownei has obtained nothing "free.' >! >| It is considered unethical for ai ! architect, who is a member of th< ? American Institute of Architects, t< i submit in a competition, plans foj \; which he is to receive no remunera [j tion. Nevertheless the evil of "free* Lj plans?and it is an evil?jtill flour ,j isbes, more or less openly. This i; true, despite tne vigorous enort< made by the various State and na tional architectural organizations not only to discourage the practice fil T1& MTk auiviu Winl-Kmr NOTED EDUCATORS?So a series of lectures-Dr. C Dr. C. .Alpbonso Smith, Dr. Nathan C. Schaeffer, ident of N. B. A., authoi Shields. President of the Community Motion Picti Balliet of New York Uni ii age xia.Tvv,ia\iuu, auu COURSES OF STUDY?Ful Superintendents and Prir Teachers, and (5) those FACULTY?An unusually la ers of education in this a: SPECIAL FEATURES?Der model school, rural schoo sori methods. County b force for all teachers who nal examinations. Lectures, Entertainments Pictures, Personally conducte ming Pool with filtered water. Board and ! The best accommodation* celled. For further informati ; but to eliminate it entirely, i ! The owner spoken of above, who ; thought he had received something | for nothing, was like most people la- j I boring under the impression?he had 1 not. Free plans are not free When ! tho enf?r?oacifiil a rr-hitor>t in tViic 'competition was awarded the com-j i mission, the owner assumed the cost ; that all of the losers had been put to. How? Because through the practice I of competition the successful archi- j j ter-t in this competition is j-n?.-'1,1*.' " unsuccessful member in m?ny otho j competitions. In other words, the i ; architect receives only one contract' in qpvpraT nttpmnte Tt rvic+c Vi irri ; just as much to prepare the drawing I for each of the unsuccessful attempts i as it cost to prepare the drawing for' which he is paid. Therefore the or \ dor he obtains must bear the cost of those he does not get. The owner, in the building operation the archi : tect secures, pays a proportionate cost of all the jobs upon which the ; architect has waited his energy. i An owner should pay for one set. of plans?his own. Every person who j has the desire 'o ' 'l* '* 'nspired byj an ideal. It is ' i gi^ ve wish to! i build enduringly :nd to attain har j mony in building He begins with ! trie intention ot iia.ing nis Diniamg ,! operations conducted successfully, l! satisfactorily, speedily, and economi ;j cally. To obtain this result, building j problems should be considered as a m whole. The plans are a very iranor -! tant matter, but no more so thrin the ' | uiucr elements iudi eiitei . u j the plans are satisfactory, seeming to ; express "ie ideas of the owner and j serving tneir purpose adequately, an | important question to be answered is whether the intended structure can p'be erected for the amount that has I [ been set aside for this purpose. Ana . will that amount include the equip-' [ ment. the furnishings, and the deco [ ration? If not, -what additional t i t r n 1 decidely the vogue for Surnrae McCal! Pa,ttrr.s \vais[ No. 77<*. Skivt No. 7767. pertC' liany other iu-w designs for Juue gartn McCall Patterns for OTTO K I 4ER SCI > College, Rock, June 19th to July 27th, 1917 me of the most famous educators o. tl t. Stanley Hall, President of Clark Ui professor of English, United-States I superintendent of Public Instruction r; Dr. Henry N. Snyder, President o American Sportsman, author; W. ] are Bureau, department editor Youtl versity; Dr. Anna H. Shaw, Presidei any others. II courses of study will be provided tc cipals, (2) High School Teachers, ( wishing college credits. irge faculty has been secured, compos nd other states. nonstration work with children in all | 1 problems, kindergarten practice, an oards of education are authorized to 1 UU ctdUI y WUl\ 111 L111?) 3UIUUK.I ?, Out-of-Door Plays, Musical 'Con d Excursions, Large New Gymnasiun , Large Athletic Field,thoroughly?eq Matriculation Fee^for the Entire Sess >. A place for health/recreation, info ion write for Summer School Bulletin D. B. JOHNSON, President R?ek H31, 5.'C. amount will have to I;e added? Thou i .e i'.v o to decide che.se matters. The architectural part of any struc ture is the ti\'ed, dominating eiemenf. that controls everything else, the ele ment to which everything else must conform. Once settled nyxn. it can not be radically cnan^ed except at a great expense, and even then, only within certain limits. Decoration, for example, the "final touch" is too often neglected in the beginning, and only provided for upon secondary consideration and with the residue at the fund. This condiiion always ex ists where the *hoie does not ex tend beyond material arrangement and construction. After thorough investigation, ths building owner should entrust his building operation to someone, wno by training and experience, is Quali fied to carry out successfully the par ticular work involved. It should fce someone whom the owner has abso lute confidence, and who will concen trate on his problem as a business proposition. HOW TO TELL TIME. Haiids of the Clock Do >*ot Always Mean Exactly What They Say. Anderson Mail. Mr. S. D. Boykin has completed tne ; job of repairing the clock in the court | house tower, and says the clock itself ! is in perfcct working condition, but | that the hands are a little loose oc account of wear and weather and neeil t- e services of a machinist to repair them. Mr. Hoykin says that on ac count of the looseness of the hands, between the hours of 12 and 6 it wili show a minute or two fast, and be tween 6 and 12 a minute or two slow, but at 6 and 12 o'clock the time witt be absolutely correct. Subscribe to The Herald and News. KESSts ?r, have a prominent place in isigns ' June simplicity cCall Pat for these little Sum frccks ap 0 1 Home ssraaker tfcCall cut and con tion Guide shed FREE each pat insures a ct - fitti n g cut. June Now on Sale .ETTNER TOOL Hill, S. C. le United States will give Diversity, editor and author; tfaval Academy, author; of Pennsylvania, ex-pres f Wofford College; C. O. D. Foster. Chairman of b s Companion; 1 nomas 2t National Equal Suf > meet the needs of (i) ^ 3) Primary ana Grafie ed of specialists and lead jrades in the high school, d lectures on the Montes *enew certificates now in school and take the fi ipanies, Educational Moving 1, Regulation size filled swim uipped. iion $32.00. rmation asd inspiration nnex