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SllOLUilNE STEP SMASHES COTTON S j Great Excitement and Demoralization c Rule for Time on >ew York j v Exchange. i f< New York, Feb. 1.?The most sou Rational break in the history of cci ton future markets followed the Ger- e c man submarine announcement ui mu opening of the exchange here today. Before the first call was completed May contracts had sold at 12.30, mak ing ?. decline of $25.SO a bale from a yesterday's closing price and a new ^ low record for the season. An almost equally rapid recovery followed to 1 17.25 for that delivery, or 475 points t from the lowest, but this advance was v met by increased offerings from all i directions and there was a second e break to 14.80 for May. Disturbing rumors or unfavorable shipping or diplomatic developments kept the market in a turmoil all day and while the volume of business tapered off after the first big price c movements, there were frequent flue- J ^ tuations of 15 or 20 points between a sales. Prices, however, swung well 5 within the early extremes, with Mav 1 closing at 15.14, or about 264 points - above the low level of the morning.' 8 The general list was feverish at the ? ?J -DL-ffh nrioos showiuff ? CUU U1 luv UI*J .. .vu w a net loss of 211 to 254 points as 1 compared with Wednesday's closing figures. i v v The break of more than 5 cents a pound on May contracts at the opening was more than double thai t which followed the collapse of Daniel h J. Sully's bull campaign of 1904, ^ while the decline precipitated by the f J outbreak of the European war at the ' end ot July, 1914, amounted to only j 2 cents a pound. The German an-j j nnnnrpment obviously came as a com-j J j plete surprise to traders who bought i v !. yesterday on an optimistic view of j 8 peace prospects. I u For a while every one around the ^ \ ring seemed to be trying to sell at j the same moment and while there ? have been many days deviously this season when the actual volume or business has been larger, local trad ers could recall do occasion 01 greai-1 er excitement and demoralization. ? The unsetlled state of sentiment in some Southern quarters was revealed ? in dispatches from Augusta indicat ing that the exchange there had pass-; c ed resolutions asking that the future j markets at New York an4 New Or leans be closed during the crisis.' j r i Sometimes. j j "Sometimes in the hush of the eve- i f ning hour, I L, ' ? tV,a ' J When the snaaows creep u-um west, I think of the twilight song3 you sang, And the boy whom you lulled to rest. A wee little 'boy with a tousled hea<i That long, long ago was thine? I wonder if sometimes you long for that boy, O little Mother o' mine. N "And now he has come to man's es tate? Grown stalwart in body and strong. * 1 ' 11? 1? a? iV ? f Vi/% TL'OQ i And you a narcuy s.nuw lluh. uc ^ v the lad t q Whom you lulled with your slumber n song. t< And the years have altered the life ' and the form, But the heart is unchanged by time. !Acd still he is just the boy as of J n old? ] z O. dear little mother o' mine." i d . ?Walter Brown. ! h h What a Kilowatt Is. Kilowatt is the electric t rm most used for describing the amount of! electricity used. A kilowatt is equal i e to about 1 1-3 horsepower. In cities I o where electricity is paid for by meter, the rate averages about 10 cents per kilowatt-hour. A kilowatt-horr is the r* a Viln-a-ntf fnr an lmnr'< S January Farm and Fireside. j fc ! 11 France makes elementary instrnc-1 a -tion obligatory for all children be- j o tween six and thirteen years. ,j b 1 BEPORT OF Or>'TY SUPERVISOR F01 977. W. J. Miller, Chaingang j 9; (Com. Tax) $40.00 97$. T. p.. Campbell, Chaingang (Oom. Tax 37.50 $79. T. H. Teague, Chaingang (Com. Tax) 40.00 : 9! oen n TP Sflmnlfi Chainsrajie (Com. Tax) 37.50. 9! $S1. J. Sid Smith, Chaingang 191 (Com. Tax) '35.00 j 9! 882. Roy "Williams, Chaingang (Com. Tax 12*60! 9! $83. J. G. Miller, Chaingang j 9! (Com. Tax) 40.90 9! 984. L. L. Suber, (Com. Tax).. 60.00 II ?85. A. A. Sligh, (Com. Tax) .. 5.0O . H ^486. R. G. Fellers, (Com. Tax). 6.00! *87. J. W. Epting, (Com. Tax). 3.50 I 3( 9j88. J. C. Abrams, (-Com. Tax). 7.00 1( ijL c. Hoiiowya. uierK, Etc. Statement, showing exact financial condi 1W as it appealed at the end of the mor It^ms. 2. Salaries county officers 2. Salar'es magistrates, constables, fo? 3. County home, paupers, pensioners .. 4. I'or.ds, bridges, ferries 5. Chaingang c. J-epa*"rs, public buildings 7. Books, stationery, printing 8. Contingent expenses and supplies public buildings and county offices 9. County physicians 10. County board of education 11. Court expenses 12. Board of assessors. Etc 13. Sheriff-dieting and incidentals. .. 14. Post mortems and lunatics la. Insurance 16. Interest on loans 17. Contingent and miscellaneoui It. Cornmutattoft Tax M. Jc. Holloway, Clerk, Etc., Now And Tiien, or Then And Now. routhern Christian Advocate. '"Nothing is absolutely sure but liange.'' Somewhere I read tnose ?ords. t.^nd one is never Dior? pro Dundly impressed \sith the truui they cnvey than when he contrasts coi fcge life and college activities of for y years ago with those of the pres nt. And it s the character of the hances that gives us pause, bringing ometimes. a smile with gladness? cinctimes a sigh with sorrow-. These ;e would forget: thc^e we clin^ to as child to the eariicst recollection ol is mother. The year I entered college. Odofoor, 872, about seventy-five students ma riculated, and faculty and trustees rere delighted with the increase in lumbers. It was a motly crowd, oade up of boys and men ranging in ge from fifteen to thirty years, and ti weight from ninety pounds to 260. lome were well dressed, while oth r8, the majority, were robed in In- < expensive material, the best we i ould afford. Ir those days we wore 1 oots. Mine were coarse and strong, < nd, when I walked across the floor t >r campus, they creaked with a tim- * dity in full accord with their size. Jiy suit was of corduroy, and every 3 titch in it was put there by the ft"*- ] :ers of my dear mother. I loved that ] uit for her sake and was proud of ; t, not for its intrinsic value but for j he love and hopes and prayers thar rere stitched into it. I had one cra at for which I had paid fifteen cents, nd didn't sleep well that night be ause I thought I had been too ex ravagant?one for ten cents might ave done just as well. Let one en er a student's room today and he'll Ind a half bushel basket of cravats f all sizes, colors and shapes. Let the reader not forget that we rere then not far from the great Mvil War. Many of us were the ons of widows, who somehow got is off to college, enriching us with not auch of this world's goods, but bless ng us with a wealth of prayers and. leart-throbs that clutch our memo ies to this good day. On the mind and heart of a boy >rought up on the farm among the tegroes, mules and goats, a college CfclL&pUD Uian.^3 UlU^UiUIO ILU^I cooiv/uo. le enters a strange new world, ana 1 >ne that will try the foundations of i lis character and find his manhooa i r the lack of it. i Everything abont Wofford looked ; arge to me. The main college build- j ng with the twin towers, standing ike silent sentinels, impressed me j >rofoundlj\ The faculty seemed arger than the men I had seen be- i ore. The Seniors, too. lcoked un- v isua7!y large and strong and wise. Vas it an illusion? Well, let it be; i s^all never regret it. ] "Cn the whole." as the great Doc- i or Carlisle used to say; that was a ; erious minded student body. They i he-r> for business and not for ] "olic. Matriculation was as easy < latter in tbo?e davs. The entrance j xsmfnations were oral and of short uration; now, they are written, and < re sometimes harrowinsr. Then the t ourse of study was so fixed that the : iew man just fit into the Fresh class, i r didn't fit, and that was all there t .-as to it. He must have a slight ac- r uaintance with Latin, Greek and c lathematics and be able to parse af er the manner of Smith or Bullion, i Every man is the architect of hin i wn fortune.*' Then, there was prac io-allv no choice of a course of study, : ov the bewildered Freshman is puz- c led for a week in some cases to i etermine juet what he wants and jnst ] ovr to fit himself in to the daily i ohedule of recitations. Then, we t ad three, and onlv three, hours of i .- 'to** < ?-? ?, r>"-r in morning. ( nt 10 0>T0"k. an^ the oth- i r in the afternoon from 3 to 1 f 'clock; now. we hare six recitation i >eriods, beginning generally at 9 s 'clock, but with a f< ** classes and 2 ne or two professors .vho 'lo not s leep as well as f^rtTr "=-e.i to. work s at 7:"0 o'clock. That's nor ? nd "that proves the rule," as dear Id Professor Dav'.d Duncan used to e po fond of saving. Sometimes Li THE MONTE OF DECEMBER, 1916 ' ' r S9. Dick S. Satterwhite, (Com. i ^ tax) 3.50 j 90. W. W. Senn, (Com. Tax)... 5.00 t 91. J. L. Henderson (Com. Tax) 16.00 j 92. C. B. Livingston (Com. Tax) 4.00 j 93. T. P. Richardson, (Com. I c Tax) 5.13 94. G. C. Blair, (Com. Tax).. 2.50 35. A. C. Mills, (-Com. Tax) .. 6.00 36. G. H. Livingstone (Com. Tax) 1.25 37. Jno. S. Graddick (Com. Tax) 5.50 38. E. O. Graham (Com. Tax) . *2.00 39. Y. M. Cannon (Com. Tax) 6.00 XM). N. J. Long (Com. Tax) .. 9.00 301. P. S. Livingston (Com. Tax) 302. Tom Murphy (Com. Tax) ins fl V. TVimimW 3 00 J. C. Sample, County Supervisor. 1 t' ition of appropriations for the year f ith of December, 1916. h Appropriated. Paid. Bsarce. e . ...$ 8665.00 $6-141.01 $2223.96 33 . 2500.00 1415.25 1084.74 r 3COO.OO 2200.S6 700.14 1000.00 67*76 3326.24 U 7500.00 630. 7 r n ? oo 0.' i .-O T> ... 750.00 114.,.; 635.15 T 750.00 633.S2 2000.00 142S.24 200.00 34.00 45.00 42.00 2500.00 129S.20 116.18 I ?' A 571.66 o 166.00 B 3.00 IV 1201.80 d i 1 t> i 1% T ^ou.uu li-.-iU i lseo.oo 1452.41 347.59 0 400.00 410.96 ! B 450.00 255.55 194.45 ' P 2000.00 1184.76 815.24 B 2500 00 907.85 1592.15 a 2604.00 2698.13 B Sample, County Supervisor. ? oiiie of u.i remind iliose two old gen lemeu who are so fond of early r.ti ng, that Darwin once wrote some liing about "Reversion to Type.'' We were very soon acquainted with he history, traditions and customs )f the college. We were told of the lA'nt-V and (""OiTft >mith, the strength of R. W. lia^ jer, the wonderful analytic mind or Charles A. Woods, the artistic tastes >f Charlie David, the linguistic achievements of Charles Foster Smith and the powerful debating or Lewis Cannon. Walter Dickson ana ^awson B. Haynes. We thought we had found the nest ng place of giants. But more of that again. In those days the college hero was hp best declaimer, the strongest dc bater or th9 finest linguist. Now :he boy in knee britches, plodding trs cvay to school dreams of goin^ to tt'offord some day. He hears of the x>llege hero. He's not an orator, or i linguist, as in other years, but :he dandiest Right Tackle, Full Back )r Center Rush; the swiftest pitcher, he surest ca'cher, the nimblest short Then, what will he do in the class "oom? or, what kind of speaker Is ne? were the questions asked of a prospective Freshman; now. Is be an ithlete? A football or baseball man? s about the only questions asked of i yours: man known to be preparing 'or college. There is a difference, a complete change; yet those of us who ire forced to observe it are not dis posed to grumble at it, or whine about the good old times." We would rather acknowledge the changed con 11UOI1S, auapi UUi^JtJivtjs l<_> Uit-m, ?:iu nake the best men possible out of tlie material sent us. J. G. Clinkscales. RAILWAY XATL CLERK JOBS. Examinations WHI Be Feld ?b. 10? Information is Given; Th(^ United States Civil SV rvice commissioner announces an open com petitive examination for railway mail clerk, for men only on February 10. ciVLU uiu fi. I'iiftiUics jicwu ic ing from this examination certifica- J tion vlll be made to fill vacancies as thev mav occur in this notion ar ?900 a year, unless it is found to be in tlie interest of the service to fill any vacancy by reinstatement, trans-; fer, or promotion. i Competitors Til he examined ?'.i L.bp foi'owine: subj^ots. "Spelling, arithmetic, lrtter writing, penmanship, copying from nlain copy, jeograpliy of the Unifed States. Applicants must >ave reached their eighteenth 'but not their thirty-fifth birthday on the da to of the examina tion, must measure at least 5 foet j inches in height without boots or shoes, and must weigh at len-st 13o founds in ordinary clothing without Dvercoat or hat, and must have no Physical defects. Applicants must submit to the ex imiiier 011 the day of tie examination :he:r photographs, takerr within two pears, securely pasted in the space provided on the admission cards s?nt ;hem after their applicauons are filed. rintv-nps nr nrnnfc will nnt ho op ;epted. This examination is open to all men vho are citizens of the United States md who meet the requirements. i Persons who meet the requirements nd desire this examination should at )nce apply for application Form 304 md Form 1407 (Information for ap plicants for the railway Mail clerk ex amination), revised to May, 5 916, to he United States Civil Service Com- i mission, Washington, D. C. lAppli :ations should be properly expcuted,; ncluding the medical certificate, and ! iled with the commissioner at Wash-' ngton in time to arrange for the ex imination at the plae? selected by the ipplicant. The exact title of the ex imination as given at the head of this tnnouncement should be stated in the implication form. i iYHITE CITIZENS TNYITED TO THE NEGRO CONFERENCE Jr. Editor: A few prominent colored as well as nany white citizens "have suggested o us that we should invite the lead ng white m?n. farmers and othcra,! o attend the South Carolina Negro *ace conference in Columbia, S. C.,1 February 7-9. This conference was I' irganized 10 years ago by myself for , he purpose di0*""?0'-? vital sub-; ects relative to race adjustment and ' he 'betterment of race relationship, j imong other important subjects to be I liscussed at this conference is the ligration of the negro from the south : o the north and the west. Begin- i ing with the month of March, efforts j i i-ill be made in the Southern States, i( s nev?r before, to persuade colored.1 ahorora f rr? fV a ?/>***!. a - ?x \ji.n i,uc duuu 10 uie norm, 'he slogan by northern aeents is, One Million Colored Laborers From he South, to the North by Spring.*' ertain sections of Georgia and Ala ama have been almost v,*ho!Iy deplct d. The rnce conference will mnet Feb i!n~y 7-0 and the subject of the mi ration or the ne?ro Trill be tar:-n n at 11 a. m. on the Sth. Among the rominent colored sneakers are- "W Andrews of Sumter and Rev. 0. '. Walker. D. D.. of Augusta. Gn. mon^ the white m~n who will speak n the same subject are: Dr. Weston :runer of the Southern Baptist Home Iisison Poard. Atlanta. Ga., who will iscuss. "Settling fhe Negro Problem 'hrough the Gos??!:'* Dr. B. F. Riley f Birmingham Ala - r r w 7 *%v.. v. V. Irown, D. D., Mr. J. W. Norwood, c resident of the Norwood National * tank, Greenville. S. C., Mr. J. M. Kin-, ^ rd. president of the Commercial * lank. Newberry, S. C. and His Ex- * ellencv, Governor R. I. Manning 'will J neak also. W. T. Andrews, one of * ie IcadiD? negroes of the State, ask-. c ed mo to invite every promin.nt whit?? man from eve.y county in the Slit. to attend this conference on the 8th. We hope t vory leading coiored man ?prtacher, teacher and business man will be present and I n r.v e*'^nd an invitation to our white people to at tlita rnnrA SnnrMnl tjpflfs will bo provided for them at Firs: Calvary baptist church wivr- t'~^ sions will be held. We are offereu the use of the opera house for the 9tn. Richard Carroll, President. txtmi i i.'?r i \ a t ' rr?i v ^ rr*7\? r y% ur U.U.) IU ^ i & v M BOTANY MYlSiOS Clcm.-on College, S. C\, Jan. 27.? The oat crop of the Stat-? is almost annuaily reported as unsatisfactory in some part or otner. During the past >ear, the crop throughout the region aroi'iid Sumter, M?.;.e^ville. and Flortnce, was particularly light, thought by most of the residents to be due to the severe drought of the season, and Dy/otners to De aue 10 an infestation of all the grain aphis. That both of tlirse factors would bear great influence is without doubt, but because of the possibility that these are not the whole cause, and the danger that a bacterial dis ease of oats which is common in the Central States, and also preva lent in South Carolina may become an important factor, the division or botany and plant pathology would appreciate me cooperation 01 plant ers, demonstration agents, and all others in the investigation -of this subject. The earliest symptoms of the dis ease are found in dark green, trans lucent spots over the blades, thes incoming red and purpio with age Finally, the tips of the blades, even extending down half its length, be comes red and yellow. This may occur together with generally pooi growth and vigor of the plants. Specimens of oat plants whict show any of these symptoms, or in formation regarding the location ol any affected fields will be appreciat ed and every effort will be made to locate the true cause of the trouble with r^u R. C. Fauiwetter. 8. f. FAK3IEKS USE OYER HALF MILLION MILS. OF A>TI KOG CHOLERA SERUM I> 191C Clrmson College, S. ., Jan. 21.? The veterinary division of Clemson College reports that over a lialf-mil lion mils, or IS,000 ounc?s of serum was .sent out to the farmers of the State in 1916. This is equivalent tc eighteen quarts. As the dose is meas ured in mils, giving the amount iri quarts does not make the amount ap. r ? ?.r to be very much. The serum is ordered from manufacturers at a ca-. of 55 ccnts F. 0. 3. Cleinson Col lege, S. C. By ordering it in largt amount?, and re-shipping it out tc the farmers in smaller lots as it is ordered, the serum is obtained at a much smaller cost to the farmer than would be the case if he had to order it direct from the manufacturer. Th^ farmers now get the serum for 90 ccnts per mil (cubic centimeter). Ol the 551,000 mils purchased in 1916, 546,000 mils have bern used by the farmers of the State. The extra charge of five cents per mil above what the serum costs in larse lots from manufacturers, is mads tc cover necessary expenses, such as postage, boxes for packing, ice, etc. STATE WAREHOUSE NEED OF FAB3IER3 E. W. Dabbs Says it Is Legitimate Exercise of Power of the Com monwealth. To the Editor of The State: Unless your editorial of Saturday, "In the Cotton Business Only?" is against tne state warenouse system why was it written? Of course jou have as much right to your opinions as the rest of us. But I wish to call your attention to the fact that the highest tribunal in the State, the su preme court, has emphatically indors ed the principles of a State warehouse system in the opinion of 1912 on the law when then enacted. I have not the opinion before me to quote from it. But with that opinion the doors are wide open not only for a ware house system "to assist the farmers of Lee and Marlboro in holding^ and marketing the cotton produced "from their lands," but to assist the farmers of Hampton and Colleton to drain their lands, make them healthy and productive. If the cotton manufacturers needed assistance as badly as the cotton growers, would you be so opposed to giving it to them? You are in favor of tick eradication. Why? Not for the health of the cattle, but for tha benefit to the State as a whole, of a profitable cattle industry. Yet there can be no profitable cattle industry 'o the State vrithout being profitable ^o individual farmers. Yea ST)ertv of guarding the public -ealth. 'Whv do vou v.'ish to sniard :he public health? Purely for human itarian reasons, to alleviate suffering? 3f course no:. T'^at may have "been irrl ~>e.'liars vis the rea?on that ae :i gtpfl Florence Nightingale, the nofher of the srrat army of trained mrses. Put alone with this has ?roTn un the public health service hat is based upon t le ic7ea that well jeople are an asset and sick peaple a 1 o V>il if t Ti 7V?^r o r> ?' ^ ? lui.iiii;. I) UJ Il'SaiLIl UB" lartments to accomplish this end? Because the State can do the work iheaper and more effectively than in lividuals. You are so anxious to keep he State out. of competition with pri vately owned warehouses and packing ilarts. Why are yon not trying to :eep the Stit<> out of competition with )rivate!y owned hospitals and sana oriums and tuberculosis camps? But m the other hand?and I commend f you for it?you advocate public sani- 1 tation, health surveys, etc., etc. I wish to commend to your careful a r< ading ".North Dakota's Farmer-Re- 1 volt," on pages 115-116 of The Lit- [ erary Digest for January 20. I have * consistently refused to let the Farm { ers' union go into politics or to go into f j politics myself because 1 believe a s non-pci: lcai organization. ior econom i ic and social betterment, the true 1 j ideal. But if the Suite warehouse sya- * ' t in is killed either directly or iu- ; uirectl) fcy electing a cotton buyer c to the head of it, 1 will be so-reiy ?f tempted to join hands with the most, radical of our people to take over '' the government by the farmers and :or the farmers. E. W. Dabbs. t Former President State Farmers ( Union. ( i, Mayesville, January 20. i j To tfy Friends, I'd like to be the sort of friend that ( you have been to me! I'd like to be the help that you've been always glad to b-e; I'd like to mean as much to you each 1 minute of th.e day j As you have meant, old friend of < mine, to me along the way. 11 1 '1: ! I'd like to do the big things and the' splendid things for you, : 1 I To brush the gray from out your 'skies and leave them only blue; 1 ' I'd like to say the kindly things that I so oft have heard, 11 And feel that I could rouse yorr sout the way that mine you've stirred. % I'd like to give you back thv> joy thai you have given me; | Yet that were wishing you a need I. Lj hope will never be; i I*'d like to make you feel as rich as M r - 4 i i ttiiu littvei on " (Undaunted in the darkest hour "with you to lean upon. U i I'm wishing on this New Year time ; that I could but repay ' lA; portion of the gladness that you've !! strewn along my way; 5, And could I have one wish this year, this only would it be? | I'd like to be the sort of friend that you have been to me. , ? ~ *4- T~>-~ ^ JZe World's CI Non Stop Car /HI v\?e bottle will presi NiEt Givicg it a delightfi Intely protecting it GILDER & \ FOR S We have 100 bushels o per bushel. Protein, What is Protei makes fat. Cost per pound for Protein Cost per pound for Protein Cost per pound for Protein tfc*.'. Cost per pound for Protein per ] Why not feed your,' horse Farmers < J. H. WICKED lore are the Stoul Per* m% Enemies* If you are inclined to be nshev, her^ .re the foods you should avoid. This s from an article on reducing aii'L ,raining weight in the February lm,-rican Magazine. The author says; "Overeating is not necessarily glut ony, or anything approaching it. A. iniall meal made up of certain food:* vili furnish more fuel?and more at?to the body than one twice afc argj and less discreetly chosen. Foods *ary vastly in fuel value; for instance, >ne pound of olive oil will stand spon sor for more surplus fiesh than forty ive pounds of the lettuce on which we ire likely to eat it. "The stout person must learn tliac le has both friends and enemies at. he table. His enemies are sugar, n t iia, cereal, uessens, uuuer, ureaiu? )live oil, bacon, cocoa and rich sauces. Among his best friends are leau neats, unsweetened fruits and greea 'oods. Yet, alas. most, plump peopu? seem stricken with an ardent lovw 'or tbeir enem:e>. This may be goo<1 Scripture but it is mighty poor die* itics.'" TAX KETl'RXS FOR 1917. Notice is hereby given that the office 3f the County Auditor will be open Prom Jan. 1st to Feb. 20. 1917. inclu sive, for the purpose of taking tar returns of personal property for fis cal year 1917. Also the following places will be visited either by myself or an authorized agent for the pur pose of rect V'ing tax returns, namely: l ne law requires mat tax returns sh;i)i !:(? iign-d and properly 6worn. to. Tax pa.'tvs wi') take notice thai iio returns will r.e accepted jnlesa p.ade to nie or mv authored agea% or some one qualified to administer a., roth. Ir ih requost^j :lat so far as pos~ returnj K* r.ade to m? "? m* agent This will awJ me in prevent ing errors in your 1917 returns. Cmna prepared to give the name and nnm Der of School District in which yoa live, also the School District in wcucm yOu own property. Do not a3k that your property be taken from last year's Tax Duplicate. J. B. HALFACREL County Auditaiv THE ANo NEWS. ONH V'KAR FOR ONLY $1.50. ?-.I. J. 3LINA AUTO CO. shone No. 172 reserver ?rve 400 pounds iT il flavor. Abso agamst insects. I ALE f Velvet Beans at $2.00 in corn, 20c per pound in brand, 13c per pound in oats, 16c per pound in cotton seed meal pound is Cotton Seed Meal? Oil Mill [, Manager