The herald and news. (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, February 06, 1917, Page TWO, Image 2

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PKE31I>e>t tells e?>x(:n;-:ss of break (Caiiuuaed From Pa^ Unej that it is determined to restore the principles of the freedom of the seas trom whatever quarter it has been violated.' I '*v D/v*vl-? trniru jtuw.9 "To thii the Government of the United States replied on the eighth of .May, accepting, of course, the assur ances given, but adding: '"The Government oi the United States feels it necessary to state that it takes for granted tliufc the imperial Government does not intend to imp,y that the maintenance of its newly - announced policy is in any \7ay contin gent upon the course or result of di plomatic negotiations between the Ayant nf 1 Qtotiic any other belligerent, notwithstand ing the tact that certain passages In the Imperial Government's note of thy fourth instant might appear to be susceptible of that construction. In order, however, to avoid that misun derstanding the Government of the United States notifies the Imperial Government that it cannot for a mo ment entertain, mufch less discuss, the suggestion by the naval authorities that their rights of citizens of the United States upon high seas should in any way or in the slightest degree V. ~ A/NT, ,1 n A? P UC IIXAVLV WUI.IU5C-1, U^VjU V,UUU'JV.k VH. any other government affecting the right of neutrals and non-combatants. Responsibility in such matters is sin gle not joint; absolute, not relative." "To this note of the eighth of May the Imperial German Government made no reply. Germany's Latest Stand. "On the thirty-first of January, Wednesday of the present week, the German ambassador handed to the accieuiry ul ouiic, aiuug ?;iu a. iuj mal note, a memorandum which con tained the following statement: " 'The Imperial Government, there fore, does not doubt that the Govern ment df the United States will under stand the situation thus forced upon Germany by the Entente Allies' bru tal method of war and by their de termination to destroy the Central Powers, and the government will fur ther realize now that the openly dis closed intention of the Allies gives back to Germany the freedom of the acuon wmcn sne reserved m ner noie addressed to the Government of the United States on May 4, 193 " 'Under the circumstances Germany will meet the illegal measures of her enemies by forcibly preventing after February 1, 1917, in a zone aroum Great Britain, France, Italy and in the Eastern Mediterranean all navigation, neutrals included, to and from Eng land, to and from France, etc. Ai! ships met within the zone, will sunk.' "I think you will agree with rrt;i ir T'i'iTr AT f*V? To r?Ar?1orof?Ar? nn r? iu * iv n vi 1x140 uv^iaianvu, ry mv^iA ou'i" denly and without prior intimation or any kind deliberately withdraws tin* solemn assurance given in the Impe rial Government's note of the fourtfi of May, 1916, this government has no alternative consistent with the digni ty and honor of the United States but to take the course which, it in its note of the 18th of April, 1916, it announc ed that it would take in the event that the German Government did not de clare and effect an abandonment of the methods of submarine warfare which it was then employing and to which it now purposes again to re sort. Relations Severed, "I have, therefore, directed the Sec reiary 01 state to announce to nis Excellency, the German ambassador, that all diplomatic relations betweeu the United States and the German Em. pire are severed and that the Ameri can ambassador at Berlin, immediate ly will be withdrawn, and in accord ance to this decision to hand to his Excellency his passports. "Notwithstanding this unexpected action of the German Government, this sudden and deeply deplorable renun uiauuu ui us ctbsuriiuces, given iiliS government at one of its most critical moments of tension in the relations oi' the two governments. I refuse to believe that it is the intention of the German authorities to do in fact what they have warned us they will feel at liberty to do. I cannot bring my self to believe that they will indeed pay no regard to the ancient friend ship between their people and our own or to the solemn obligations whicn have been exchanged hptu-APn thom and destroy 'American ships and take the lives of American citizens in the willful prosecution of the ruthless naval program they'have announced their intention to adop't. Only overt acts upon their part can make me be lieve it even now. Should flie "tVorst Happen. "If the inveterate confidence on my part in the sobriety and prudent fore sight of their purpose should unhap pily prove unfounded; if American ships and American lives in fact be sacrificed hv their naval fnmmpnflprs in heedless contravention of the just and reasonable understandings of the international law and the obvious dic tates of humanity, I shall take the liberty of coming again before the congress to ask that authority be given me to use any mei * that may be neecssary for the protection of our seamen an 1 le in the prosecution of their peaceful and legitimate er rands on ' "<rh seas. I can do no:n ir.g le~s. T t^ke it for granted thai all nept~"" ~<v. ernments will take the same course. " 'We fit. ot desire a hostile conflict with the Imperial German Govern ment. "We are' the sincere friends of the German ^eonle and earnestly de sire to remoi*n ^t p^a?e with the ?'>? - ernment sueaks for them. We shall not that the" a~e h^?=ti1e to tis unl^ ~ until we are obMre'l to beiiev#? we nothing more tha?* iVy> ~eisonaMe defense <?t the endo'-'" *^hts of our people. \ v We wish to serve no selfish ends. We; - seek merely to stand true alike In! i> j tnougm auu hi acuuu i.w I incrial principles of our people which j I have sought to express in my aa | dress to the senate, only two weeks j ago?seek merely to vindicate our j right to liberty and justice and an ! unmolested life. These are the basis j of peace, not war. ~ God grant that i we may not be challenged to defend ' them by acts of wilful injustice on the j ! p::rt of the Government of Germany.' c iFORGET PARTY LINES i IN NATIONAL CRISIS | Republicans and Democrats United . In Support of Wilson's Policy. 'Washington, Feb. 3.?"Indicating ! to the farthest degree that party lines J had been forgotten and that as repre j sentatives of the people of the United 1 States they were joined in a common j . I -cause for a common purpose, sensa- j ^ IU1 & dliU UUUOC " AtU Vi V/ n M ed galleries and with every inch of space set aside for diplomats and oth ! er distinguished personages filled, to j day heard the president of the United j i States telf of high purposes to pro-; ! tect the rights of the people of the j ' /United States to the fullest. Long i I before the president reached thei capitol the diplomatic gallery was! filled and Minister Jusserand, repre- j senting France, entered. ! As the president read his message; ? it. t Mr. jusserana ana diplomats trum uie; : Latin-American countries were seen j v to be much affected and with bowea : ^ I heads heard the words that fell from I ^ j the president's lips. ! ^ A notable feature of the joint meet- j j I ing of the house and senate was the i t | fact that Senator Lodge of Massa-; E ; chudetts, who has been most bitter! j in his attacks upon the president,! E j cj.me into the house arm in arm witii a ' Senator Tillman of South Carolina, i | than whom the president has had no i I more staunch supporter in all his in- -, c j ternational troubles. The senator from South Carolina! r ; and the senator from Massachusetts,! t ; as if realizing that the United States is horering upon the brink of war, sat ; with countenances fixed determined- j j ly hoping apaprently for the best but j j 1 fearinsr the worst. I . In Washington tonight the feeling! j j is that as in the past, the president; ^ I has been most careful, prudent and : j 1 cautious in his dealings with foreign j ? j powers and that unless Germany in- j i ' vites the United States to open hos- ] t tilities by some overt act, the situa- ( ' tion may be shorn of its calamit-l ( ous features. J 1 ! Senator Tillman, asked for a state-: I > ment concerning the situation, said: ! t I "I'm mighty glad of it. I was in j. i favor, when I heard of the note first,; c [ vl kunxug jii . cci uaiorii to ya.ci? up ( j l his duds and go home to his barba- j j rians. ; t "We will do the best we can, and1 -c I have no doubt that we will live up j to our past record in taking care of c our rights and ourselves. We don't take any passes from anybody to go t anywhere we damn please on the e seas. j , "Congress ought to unanimously1 ~ aerpp tn hnrlr nn the* nrooi^ont the limit, just like we did McKiiiley."j When asked if he thought any naval1 appropriations would be immediately j necessary, Senator Tillman said: "1 think not just now; we have appro-J priated more now than we can spend j ?far more than we can get built.'* I Vice President Marshall said: "If: the president has to deliver the other j address he spoke of, you will find the' sentiment of the conntry has crystal lized behind him on the address he made today/' Senator Stone, chairman of the for-1 eign relations committee: "I think there are two things we should do now as far as it is possible: Keep o"?r "heads level and our mouths clos ed.'* Senator Lodge, ranking Republican member of the foreign relations com mittee: "I most thoroughly approve and cordially support the. president." Sera tor Clark: 41 do not think there is going to be any war." Rep-'iVr-ip L< :i ;. v "I do not '? :n;v.' i\e yr*e~oont conirl do any ess, I nm very ^rr- ho (Ik! not pur D '^ fo C O TttV n,r>~0." 1v* Vr o ^ or1 ?cr2tie Seit o1 o l n1 c ** * * T ?! >< > A morion;) n^r'-i ?rr? tVr> president to a 7> ' n j> JPOrl'*Tfxis ff "*'' 5"1V IS ' it.-)- f ?'"-l >/>' ^o""! ]03T! er of t't^ sot1'"4'"*" '"O1"' if . - 'vo ii -i * i -utp ur ictK"S ATI AnH'TTl "?<" ? *v<-> vp fr> r* ont'*7(^ Wi\s a^rpfraMft." ^ -Ivt* . ?'t f^OTi't n"0 i '" 1 V(|"o C'T.-T c o'TT^"? ",x * 1 '* > *-/> ?fi*r zrst' ? -A fir* -''''n'4 " "" ' r,*or(i " < .? 1*"." p1; -n? ? ?\ "lo! "] (Vst'TT^v ?* ,fX curse. I ( -> not see how he coula ; ave done anything else." |} Senator Chamberlain, chairman ot| enaie miiita.y Cv?iiuuujLee: "Xo a jt j > uj> 10 Germany." Senator Weeks, Republican: "l ' liink it is the best address the presi-, . eiit ever made." Representative Flood, chairman or;, h.e house foreign ai'airs committee. : The president's vonrse was wise ana : , am RMre has the approval of thw: j ountry." ' , LEHTIO-NS BKKACil MAY >Vf BRIMr >VAK i ! *Tits America Yer> Close to Extreml-j, ity of Hostilities?Does 3iot AffectI _ Rights of Nations Invoked??'ar , May Follow Without Official Decia-j; ration From Either Side. I, Washington, Feb. 3.?Breaking off - liplomatic relations with Germany toes not mean war but easily mav 1 , ead to war. It is an act of protest haracterized in the usage of nations ,s a "measure short of war." j The danger that war may follow Is' .ccentuated by the diplomatic history ; ?f the world. Modern times show no I nstance of a diplomatic break be ween two first class powers that has]' tot been followed by hostilities. When all the measures short of war i tave been exhausted, or either nation j iecides to dispense with them, comes j he eventuality?war itself. More than 100 times since 1700 war, ias begun ueiore it was formally de-1 lared. Only 12 times in the 216 years j tas war actually been declared Tfefore | lostilities began. The latest notable j nstancs was the opening of action or j he Russo-Japanese war when tiiral T030 struck a Russian fleet. j The Hague convention of 1907 took ! iotice of the situation and adopted an ! .rticie making it mandatory for a na- j ion to declare war before beginning : LOatilities. -Germany and the United States agred to it. It provided, however that thero night" be -ui ultimatum with condi ional declaration of war. The First Time In History. Precedent i'or the severance oZ d.p omatic relations is f-und in mo.]->rn i;story only oeivvi'jji lesser natimi md between. firs: class powers an 1 esser ones. Tne La*?ed Gcates su* >ended disomy *:c relations wi n Mex co aixl "only recently were they re- j iumed. Jt suspeiued diplomatic re- j aliens w:*n Nicaragua when the i!ic -1 atrr Zfilava. ^ two Amfi'ucariii. Gannon and Groce. When John 2uincy Adams was president, the \merican charge d'affaires at Rio de nanded his passports and returned to he United States without instructions jecause of the capture of American ;hips by Brazilian war vessels, enforc ng a blockade. President Adams did lot disapprove but Brazil contended he charge's action was unwarranted >y adequate "intentional cause" and ater the American legation was re- j ipened. Under President Buchanan the imerir:aii minister to Mexico suspena d the relations of his legation until ie could get the view of the United Itates on what he considered forced ' Dans upon 'rmericans in Mexico. Ai-j : fiough President Buchanan did not| crron tlici minictor'o ar?tinn V* m J anctioned closing the legation be-; ause of wrong to Americans in Mex M). Great Britian suspended diplomatic Nations with Venezula for ten years; cm 1887 to 1897 and suspended dip-i >matic relations with Servia 1903 to Half Your Living . Without Money Cost A right or wrong start ill win i ( nake or break mo3t farmers in the ( 5outh. We are all facing a crisis. 1 , rhis war in Europe puts things in * such uncertainty that no man can' ' oresee the future with any degree of :learuess. The sure and certain increase in | onrn^tra TYIDnna 7 f~lWPT* COttflll ' .VLtL/iA Ci.V^X UU50 xuvuiik/ t. w. ? trices next falL Cost of all food and n*ain products is high, so high that 10 one can afford to buy and expect .0 pay cut with cotton. It's a time above all others to play ".afe; to produce all possible food, jrain and forage supplies on your )wn acres; to cut down the store hiiL A good piece of garden ground, ightly planted, rightly tended and iept planted the year round, can be ? -J ? TJirinor Tf Ttri'j Lli'dUO LU y>-.V UilH. .yum uriu^. o.?, i? a-* save you more money than you made 1 3n the best five acres of cotton you j ( 3ver grew! Hastings' 1917 Seed Book tells all I 1 ibout ths right kind of a money sav- | 1 [ng garden and the vegetables to put j In it. It tells about the field crops cz 1 E7cll Jir.d chows you the clear ro?d to rcr.I ^rri * frs h ree. ser.ci [cr it, todzy U 11. G. H ^STINGS CO., ' ktlsirta, C^.? -AdvL i L906 after the murder of King Ale mder and Queen Draga. After the breaking of diplomai relations comes the possibility of oth neasures termed "non-amicat modes of redress," which are al 'measures short of war." These mod Df redress may include reprisals, r Laliations, non-intercourse a.id displ ji force; and still there may be state of war. There are preceder >i various sort and range for su iction. >'o Danger at Onc^. The rights of Germans in the Ui Led States and of Americans in Gc many are practically unaffected Lhe severance of diplomatic relatioi Nq treaties are terminated or si pended but remain in full force a effect unless either government lat decides to denounce them, which u der international practice genera calls for a notice of one year. German consuls In the'.United Stat and American consuls in Germa holding their places by virtue of tre; ies continue to perform their usi functions but they no longer wo under supervision of diplomatic < ficers. There is no -change in commerc relations, already badly crippled the war. Individuals and corpor&tic may continue their usual affairs, pi vided they do not deal in conti band and their obligations are binding as ever. The courts still ] main open to them for redress t they have no facility for direct i tervention of their diplomatic o cials. They may, however, be re resented by the diplomats of t friendly power selected to care 1 the interests of the respective gove: ments. There should be no sequestration conliscation of private property eitfc in the United States or Germany, though it may be taken for use unc certain circumstances. The or more German rnerchz ships tied up in American ports m be used by the United States, but t German owners ultimately must compensated. The ships, scattered the ports of continental United Stat Puerto Rico and the Pacific island p sessions, including the Phillippin Cx^nprise some of the best kno ocean liners and aggregate 628,! gross tons. Only in case of war there possibility of their being ab lutely confiscated, and even then si action is doubtful, for the Uni .States, in the world court of natio has been a leading exponent of the violability of private property. Malls Still to More. Mails will continue to move un< the Geneva convention and other < isting special conventions. Thi should be no restriction upon :he f: movement of traveiers between i two countries other than the rn policy of the United States to issue passports to Americans wishing visit the war zone unless they hi pressing business there. In fact, so far as individuals i concerned the status remains prac cally unchanged by a break in d lomatic relations. Upon the condi of Americans 'in Germany and the cc duct of the Germans and Germ BvmDathizers in the United States c pends the attitude of the respecti governments regarding them. There is, however, one relation I :ween the .United States and Germa svhich ceases through diplomatic ru ;ure. It is the humanitarian task guarding the welfare of soldiers :he prison camps of their enemi md the care of German civilians 6 ;ained in the entente countries. This vast task which is being p( "ormed by merican diplomatic repi sentatives in England, in the Fren :ampe in Africa and in the Russi Siberia, will have to be confided Dther hands. Likewise, the welfa 3f British, French, Russian and oth illied prisoners in Germany, Austi md Turkey will pass to some oth ueuirai power.* 1 ue ministering na :>f the ^United States which has car for these men, lost to their homes a friends, which has brought them fo< clothing and medicine, and helped jhoor a desolate existence, will wit^rawn. Sonic ore else will ha *nke up the cause of humanity land. There wore inn.142 more cattle a ho~*es, and 60~.33S mors sheer) a ir^ats nsini? the National Forests mifi than in 191ri. This increase w !n srite of lars:e eliminations of ?rs :n<r Ta^ds from the forest?. Tt is a onnfpd for "hv improver! methods fir^lfnor t^e stork and hv more in na*o knowledge of the forasre on t *anges and thpir carrvinar capacity. Brazil has the largest known t! 0f vq per cent imn ore. pra free from phosphorus, in tl tforld. LACK WHIT A "2 in 1 She use. For BL ( naste) and " x- PRESIDENT SEVERS i TIES OF DIPL03L1CI tic er Completely Breaks off Relations With ne Germany.?May Go Further so! Later. e? J Washington, Feb. 3.?President Wil ay son has broken off diplomatic rela tions with Germany and warned th?. its kaiser that ruthless sacrifice of Amer cn ican lives and rights means war. Similar ar>tinn waft in w fnr Anafria | when she notifies this government tha; 31_ she joins in the campaign of unre al stricted submarine warfare* by The president made formal an is. nouncement of his action to the coun 18- try and to the world today at a Joint ua session of congress. i Passports have Deen handed to m- Count von Bernstorff; Ambassador lly Gerard with all his staff and all Amer i ican consuls have been ordered ou'< :es of Germany. All German consuls in ny the United States are expected tu it- withdraw that the severance of rela lal tions may be complete. American di ?rk plomatic interests in Berlin have bt3D Df- turned over to Spain; German diplo matic interests in the United States ial have been taken by Switzerland. For by eign diplomatic interests which the tns ^United States had. in charge in Ger i (j- muu/ uuT& uttu IU1 UtU VJTCi k.U IB' :a- rious neutrals. a3 The years of diplomatic negotiation re- marked with frequent crises and at )ut tended with the loss of more than in- 200 American lives on the high seas fit- have culminated with an act whicfl ip- in all the history of all the world al 1.. ways has led to war. 0r ' Every agency of the American gov tiiiiaitiJC uas occu bC I ill JX1U11UU LL : protect the country against acts ol or German sympathizers/ These moves ler are of necessity being kept secret, ai-; ?*s?? l(ir FOURTEEN. Ol'JNfcTT OF THE GI>S. mt : Figures of 1916 ( ompared With Thost f, of 1915. i Director Sam L. Rogers, of the bu ' reau of census. Department of Com OB" ? ... ea rnerce, announces tne preliminary re wn'' port of cotton ginned by counties !i ^ South Carolina, for the crops of 1911 j and 1915. The report was made pub go_ lie for the State at 10 a. m. on Tu> k esday, January 23, 1917. Quantities are in running bales, counting rounc as half bales. (Linters are not In iu cluded.) County 1916 191; Abbeville 26,473 29,fc4( 3er Aiken 37,29! ex Anderson ... . . .53,400 59,08: Dre Pamberg 21,918 15,93; ree Barnwell . ..42,497 35,91' the Beaufort . . . 6,213 4,221 tea Berkeley . ... 5.103 9,u7( no Calhoun . 21,453 19,65. to Charleston ... 5,233 10,15' ive Cherokee ... . 8,813 14,73! hester ...20,026 30,09; ire Chesterfield ... ...19,163 28,64 in Clarendon ... 19,151 27,13. Collator! . . .12,816 13,51; Darlington ... . ..18,792 32,yS( Dillon 23,167 30,21* Dorchester ... . .. 8,234 11,331 Edgefield 29.397 29,134 Fairfield 23,121 Florence . .18,238 30,13'J Georgetown . *.. . .. 1,393 2,49(j Greenville ... , 33,828 43,239 Greenwood ... ... . 28,803 28,459 Hampton 16.689 12 Horry 4,869 Jasper 5,047 Kershaw 11,728 Lancaster 14,727 Laurens 30,60S Lee 18,625 Lexington 23,973 Marion 11,293 Marlboro 33,32S Xewberry 30,519 Oconee 17,261 Orangeburg 57,973 Pickens 15,478 Richland 17,341 S:"t 1 nrln o- r-in eu nd )(t, to be ve on nd Spartanburg ... .. .51.4S6 f!T O ! 1 612 Sumter ...2" 711 31 2^3 Union .. .12.923 18 27* Williamsburg .. ..12.S74 00 York \ .. 03 j 90 0? 01 ,'C)H Total 930.716 1.149,1ST Te?ts at the For-st Products La hnrof<~\ v.- of ">t ,7; -^?- - * , . ,u .uf innuu, >? iscunsin, in I dicate that by the u?e of four addi tional nails in eaoh end an increase Oi 300 per cent in the strength of can r.ed-food boxes is secured. Approximated 10.390 acres of de nuded lands within the National For ems were reioresien in tne nscai year 1916. The total number of trees plant was 6.146.637. wlr'le 8.280 pounds of tree seed were sown. trv TtlP TToralrt j*n<? : TAN 10^ :>e Polish" is made for every ack Shoes, "2 in 1 Black" 2 in 1 Black Combination" l: ?: J \ . ??_ iiCjUiU.^, LUL line L/HU1. J, hite Cake" (cake) ana lite Liquid" (liquid); for '2 in 1 Tan" (pasts) arc! Combination" (p&sic ar^ -r EY CO. cf New York, inc. BUFFALO, N. Y. ! Hurtin "The Cause." Atlanta Constitution. | "Votes for Women" is being brought, no nearer as a national institution tii the "picketing" of the 'White House | by feminine devotees to "the cause.'' t As a matter of plain fact, the ' 1 - J-!J J U.. fV, ^ ri/>n(r1.?a_ puucy utjuiui'u uyuii uj mo v>wuo1^" eional Union for Woman Suffrage and put into operation last week will serve cniy to weaken the suffrage j movement rather than exhilarate it; ! the attempted badgering of the presi dent of the United States will hive a ! tendency to alienate sympathy rather j than to enlist support. This, of course, is a free country, j and the White House grounds belong to the public; but that carries with it no license for anybody to make a ! nuisance for himself thereon?which is precisely what each of those "sil j ent pickets" is doing. J Then, there is a certain amount I of respect due the very office' of prea I ident of these United States?whicn. the women in question are not ac-^ cording it by stationing themselves in such position that President Wil son can neither enter nor leave his. home, in which the republic has vouchsafed him security and immun j ity from interference, wiuiout an in ferential!}*, at least, insulting banner's, being flaunted in his face. <As a start of the whole thing, the j delegation from the Congressional ! Union for Woman Suffrage gained an i audience with the presiuen; under ' false pretenses. The president, as > tonished as he was at learning the ! real purpose of the visit?which prov ed to be merely repetition of former i efforts to get the executive to commit ' his party to a cause to which that party had not authorized him as Its leader to commit it?treated his call i ers with utmost courtesy, however* and, like the tru:? gentleman that he j is, while reiterating his personal ap I ?? ? '? ^ + ^ rvnf vi'ta a r\ P nniT'n r?c o 1 J JJ1 U V dl 'JI U1C UULll 1UC \J*. uu> -vw.. suffrage, rdaae full explanation of bis inability to do what tliey demanded that he do. The women already frad gone too (far; but right there, was a most At | ting time to close the incident. In I stead of closing it, though, they heM i a hasty confab and decided upon the : "silent picketing" of the White House grounds, the only possible purpose in which could ge to hector and annoy ' and coerce President Wilson into making an ass of himselfi before con gress and the rest of the country. Voting America, the merits Of the woman suffrage principle entirely 'side, will not look with, favor upon ,ny such proceedings. Such policy strikes dangerously too neil-' the bor der line of the repugnant "lfiilitancy** for it to be indorsed by chivalrous Americans. x These good women up in Washing ton will sooner or later awaken to it full realization of the fact that they^ can gain no ground?can bring uni versal suffrage no nearer?by thus i making a spectacle 01 tnemseives m '; a clumsy attempt to bullyrag the i j president of the United States. L I "" Sounds travel through dry air at '| the rate of 60 feet a second; through i water at 2' 0 feet a second, and in ! steel wire at 17,130 feet a second. j Tests of various kinds of con i! crete and cement mortars novr under i j way in Germany, will extend over a i j period of 30 years. r Subscribe Now ? 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